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February 17, 2021
January 30 – February 17, 2021 This weekly science review is a snapshot of the new and emerging scientific evidence related to COVID-19 during the period specified. It is a review of important topics and articles, not a guide for policy or program implementation. The findings captured are subject to change as new information is made available. We welcome comments and feedback at [email protected]. In depth: Should second doses of COVID-19 vaccines be delayed? Main message: While the rollout of multiple vaccines has offered hope to control or end the COVID-19 pandemic, global vaccine demand will continue to outpace supply for the foreseeable future. To date, people in 130 countries have not yet received a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine. In countries where vaccination has begun, limited supplies of vaccine in combination with surges in cases and deaths have overwhelmed health care systems. Further, the emergence of more transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants has led many to question existing vaccine rollout plans and propose alternative strategies. Some countries and experts have recommended delaying second doses of vaccine to maximize the number of people who receive at least one dose. This raises a critical question: What do we know about vaccines, especially the vaccines for COVID-19, that may allow flexibility in vaccine schedules? This is a complex question and there may not be a straightforward answer. Our knowledge is evolving rapidly as vaccine trials progress and rollout continues, and we must keep in mind that different approaches to vaccine scheduling may be appropriate in different settings. -
1. Introduction
GUIDELINES OF - RASHTRIYA AROGYA NIDHI (HMCPF) 1. Introduction: The Scheme provides for financial assistance to patients, living below poverty line who is suffering from major life threatening diseases, to receive medical treatment at any of the super specialty Govt. hospitals / institutes or other Govt. hospitals .The financial assistance to such patients is released in the form of ‘one time grants’ to the Medical Superintendent of the hospital in which the treatment is being received. The Department related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Human Resource Development in their 31st Report on the functioning of the Central Government Hospitals under the Department of Health, had expressed concern about inadequate facilities for the treatment of poor patients for major illness. The committee felt that it was essential to explore all appropriate sources of funds to assist poor patients coming to AIIMS or other Central Govt. Hospitals for their treatment of specific life threatening illness. In view of the recommendations of the above Committee, it was decided to set up a National Illness Assistance Fund renamed Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi (RAN) under the Department of Health, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. The Committee on non-Plan Expenditure in its meeting held on 17th October 1996 approved the proposal for setting up of the fund. Accordingly the Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi (RAN) has been set up vide Resolution No. F-7-2/96-Fin-II dated 13/1/97 as published in the Gazette of India (Extraordinary) and has been registered under the Society Registration Act, 1860, as an autonomous Society. This was set up with an initial contribution of Rs. -
ADVISORY COMMISSION on CHILDHOOD VACCINES TABLE of CONTENTS December 8, 2017
ADVISORY COMMISSION ON CHILDHOOD VACCINES TABLE OF CONTENTS December 8, 2017 TAB • ACCV Agenda 1 • ACCV Charter • ACCV Roster • 2017 Meeting Dates • Meeting Minutes 2 o Draft Minutes – September 8, 2017 • Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund Statement 3 o Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund Summary Sheet for the Period of 10/1/2016 – 9/30/2017 • VICP Data and Statistics 4 • Meeting Presentations & Updates 5 o Report from the Division of Injury Compensation Programs 5.1 o Report from the Department of Justice 5.2 o Petitions to Add Injuries to the Vaccine Injury Table Introduction 5.3 o Petition to Add Tics as an Injury to the Vaccine Injury Table 5.4 o Petition to Add Asthma as an Injury to the Vaccine Injury Table 5.5 5.6 o Petition to Add Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS), Pediatric Infection-Triggered Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders (PITANDS), and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders (PANDAS) as Injuries to the Vaccine Injury Table o Petition to Add Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) and/or 5.7 Acute Demyelinating Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) as injuries to the Vaccine Injury Table 5.8 o Update on the Immunization Safety Office Vaccine Activities (CDC) o Update on the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Vaccine 5.9 Activities (NIH) o Update on the Center for Biologics, Evaluation and Research Vaccine 5.10 Activities (FDA) 5.11 o Update from the National Vaccine Program Office • Program Related Articles 6 6.1 o Popular Science, “Why Are We So Bad At Producing The Right -
COVID-19 Vaccine: Critical Questions with Complicated Answers
Review Biomol Ther 29(1), 1-10 (2021) COVID-19 Vaccine: Critical Questions with Complicated Answers Mohammad Faisal Haidere1,†, Zubair Ahmed Ratan2,3,†, Senjuti Nowroz4, Sojib Bin Zaman5, You-Jung Jung6, Hassan Hosseinzadeh2,* and Jae Youl Cho7,* 1Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh 2School of Health & Society, University of Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh 4Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh 5Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia 6Biological Resources Utilization Department, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea 7Department of Integrative Biotechnology, and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea Abstract COVID-19 has caused extensive human casualties with significant economic impacts around the globe, and has imposed new challenges on health systems worldwide. Over the past decade, SARS, Ebola, and Zika also led to significant concerns among the scientific community. Interestingly, the SARS and Zika epidemics ended before vaccine development; however, the scholarly com- munity and the pharmaceutical companies responded very quickly at that time. Similarly, when the genetic sequence of SARS- CoV-2 was revealed, global vaccine companies and scientists have stepped forward to develop a vaccine, triggering a race toward vaccine development that the whole world is relying on. Similarly, an effective and safe vaccine could play a pivotal role in eradi- cating COVID-19. However, few important questions regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development are explored in this review. Key Words: COVID-19, Vaccine, Vaccine backfires, Vaccine safety INTRODUCTION vember 2002 in the Guangdong province of China. -
Application Form for Financial Assistance out of Health Minister's
Government of India Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Deptt. of Health & Family Welfare Ministry of Health &Family Welfare is giving financial assistance to the poor patients for treatment at different hospitals in all over the country under the following two schemes: namely – (i) Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi (RAN) (ii) Health Minister’s Discretionary Grants (HMDG). (i) RASHTRIYA AROGYA NIDHI (RAN) 1. Introduction The Department related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Human Resource Development in their 31st Report on the functioning of the Central Government Hospitals under the Department of Health, had expressed concern about inadequate facilities for the treatment of poor patients for major illness. The committee felt that it was essential to explore all appropriate sources of funds to assist poor patients coming to AIIMS or other Central Govt. Hospitals for their treatment of specific life threatening illness. In view of the recommendations of the above Committee, it was decided to set up a National Illness Assistance Fund renamed Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi (RAN) under the Department of Health, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. The Committee on non-Plan Expenditure in its meeting held on 17th October 1996 approved the proposal for setting up of the fund. Accordingly the Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi (RAN) has been set up vide Resolution No. F-7-2/96-Fin-II dated 13/1/97 as published in the Gazette of India (Extraordinary) and has been registered under the Society Registration Act, 1860, as an autonomous Society. This was set up with an initial contribution of Rs. 5 crores from Ministry of Health & Family welfare. The Fund could also be subscribed by individuals in India or abroad with the approval of FCRA, Corporate bodies in private or public sector, philanthropic organisations and all contributions made to this fund are exempt from payment of Income-Tax under section 80-G of Income-Tax Act, 1961. -
Scientific Consultation on Zika Virus Vaccine Development
World Health Organization and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health Scientific Consultation on Zika Virus Vaccine Development January 10–11, 2017 5601 Fishers Lane Rockville, Maryland Meeting Summary Tuesday, January 10, 2017 INTRODUCTION Anthony S. Fauci, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the World Health Organization (WHO) convened the Scientific Consultation on Zika Virus Vaccine Development to discuss challenges and recent advances in the development of Zika virus (ZIKV) vaccines. The NIAID Director opened the meeting by stating that the recent spread of ZIKV mirrors that of other emerging arboviruses in the Americas in the past several years, including chikungunya, West Nile, and dengue. The NIAID research response to Zika builds on those experiences. A primary goal of this research is to develop medical countermeasures including diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Challenges specific to the development of a Zika vaccine include: the lack of adequate animal models; uncertainties in the epidemiology, which affect clinical trial site selection; the likelihood that the vaccine will need to induce sterilizing immunity to prevent congenital Zika syndrome (CZS); preexisting immunity to other flaviviruses in some regions; and potential specific risks such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and the administration of live vaccines to pregnant women. Several Zika vaccine candidates are being developed with different development timelines and likely target populations. The planned timelines include large, well-controlled clinical trials to evaluate safety and efficacy, and if successful, subsequent licensure; should public health need and available safety and efficacy data justify deployment of vaccine before licensure, access through appropriate regulatory mechanisms could be considered. -
Zika Vaccine Development Technology Roadmap April 2019
Zika Vaccine Development Technology Roadmap April 2019 Acknowledgements This work was built on critical input from the WHO Zika vaccine technical roadmap advisory group members in 2017 who worked primarily on Zika vaccines for outbreak use: Alan Barrett, University of Texas Medical Branch, USA; Amy Lambert, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, USA; Anna Durbin, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA; David C. Kaslow, PATH, Seattle, USA; Heidi Meyer, PEI, Germany; Carlos Pardo-Villamizar, Neuroviruses Emerging in the Americas Study (NEAS), Colombia and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA; Laura C. Rodrigues, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK, and Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group (MERG), Brazil; Stephen J. Thomas, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA; Wellington Sun, US Food and Drug Administration, USA. The work on Zika vaccines for endemic use was further developed in 2018 and 2019 by: Alan Barrett, University of Texas Medical Branch, USA; Cristina Cassetti, NIH/NIAID, USA; Anna Durbin, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA; David C. Kaslow, PATH, Seattle, USA; Heidi Meyer, PEI, Germany; Eng-Eong Ooi, Duke-NUS, Singapore; Alexander Precioso, Clinical Trials and Pharmacovigilance Division, Butantan, Brazil; Stephen J. Thomas, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA; In-Kyu Yoon, International Vaccine Institute Seoul, South Korea. We are grateful to all individuals and represented institutions that contributed to the discussions at the WHO consultation meetings on Zika Virus vaccine development, and to the members of the WHO Product Development for Vaccines Advisory Committee (http://www.whoint/immunization/research/committees/pdvac). WHO gratefully acknowledges the many individuals and institutions that provided comments to this document during the public consultation. -
In the News 2016 - 2017 TABLE of CONTENTS
In the News 2016 - 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Protein Sciences press release 8 June 22, 2017 Superior Protection by Flublok® Influenza Vaccine in Seniors Documented in New England Journal of Medicine Protein Sciences press release 10 April 19, 2017 Peer-reviewed Publication Confirms the Absence of Rhabdovirus in Cell Line Used for Manufacturing of Flublok Protein Sciences press release 12 April 4, 2017 Flublok Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Adds a 9-Month Shelf Life to Its List of Benefits Protein Sciences press release 14 March 21, 2017 Protein Sciences Gears Up to Combat Pandemic Influenza Due to Recent Outbreaks in China Protein Sciences press release 16 February 22, 2017 Protein Sciences and Partnership for Influenza Vaccine Introduction (PIVI) Team Up to Combat the Flu in Mongolia Protein Sciences press release 18 January 12, 2017 U.S. Protein Sciences’ Zika Vaccine Shows Good Results in Preclinical Testing: Bio-Manguinhos/ Fiocruz Joins International Consortium Fierce Pharma 20 December 1, 2016 Small flu vax players poised to win ‘sizable’ share of market, firm predicts TABLE OF CONTENTS Protein Sciences press release 6 November 11, 2016 Flublok® Influenza Vaccine Now Available in Mexico Fierce Pharma 8 October 17, 2016 Protein Sciences CEO Eyes GSK, Sanofi goliaths in fight to ‘take over’ quadrivalent flu vax market Protein Sciences press release 10 October 11, 2016 FDA Approves Flublok® Quadrivalent Flu Vaccine Protein Sciences press release 12 September 22, 2016 Protein Sciences and Avanzcare Announce Licensing of Influenza Vaccines -
Efficacy of a T Cell-Biased Adenovirus Vector As a Zika Virus Vaccine
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Virology Papers Virology, Nebraska Center for 12-20-2018 Efficacy of a T Cell-Biased Adenovirus Vector as a Zika Virus Vaccine Brianna L. Bullard University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Brigette N. Corder University of Nebraska - Lincoln Matthew J. Gorman Washington University School of Medicine Michael S. Diamond Washington University School of Medicine Eric A. Weaver University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/virologypub Part of the Biological Phenomena, Cell Phenomena, and Immunity Commons, Cell and Developmental Biology Commons, Genetics and Genomics Commons, Infectious Disease Commons, Medical Immunology Commons, Medical Pathology Commons, and the Virology Commons Bullard, Brianna L.; Corder, Brigette N.; Gorman, Matthew J.; Diamond, Michael S.; and Weaver, Eric A., "Efficacy of a T Cell-Biased Adenovirus Vector as a Zika Virus Vaccine" (2018). Virology Papers. 383. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/virologypub/383 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Virology, Nebraska Center for at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Virology Papers by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Efcacy of a T Cell-Biased Adenovirus Vector as a Zika Virus Vaccine Received: 7 August 2018 Brianna L. Bullard 1, Brigette N. Corder1, Matthew J. Gorman2, Michael S. Diamond 2 & Accepted: 10 November 2018 Eric A. Weaver1 Published: xx xx xxxx Zika virus (ZIKV) is a major public health concern due to the risk of congenital Zika syndrome in developing fetuses and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. -
Answered On:09.08.2000 Increase in Indian Cultural Centres P.D
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA EXTERNAL AFFAIRS LOK SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO:2685 ANSWERED ON:09.08.2000 INCREASE IN INDIAN CULTURAL CENTRES P.D. ELANGOVAN Will the Minister of EXTERNAL AFFAIRS be pleased to state: (a) whether the Government have any plan to increase the cultural Centres abroad from the present 14; (b) if so, the details thereof; (c) the details of their role in the promotion of India`s cultural Heritage; (d) the details of the programmes conducted last year by the ICCR within and outside India and the scholars/artists who visited abroad during the last three years till dated; and (e) the details of the future events on anvil and the tentative itinerary of such events that will promote and propagate Indian Heritage abroad? Answer MINISTER OF STATE FOR EXTERNAL AFFAIRS (SHRI AJIT KUMAR PANJA) (a) Yes Sir, (b) The Government has decided to open a Cultural Centre in Washington (USA). There are in addition several other proposals from various Indian Missions abroad which are currently under examination. (c) The activities of the 14 Indian Cultural Centres currently in existence reflects the needs of the local population. Their activities include the organisation of talks, lectures, exhibitions of visual arts, essay competitions, performances of dance & music, staging of plays, screening of Indian films, publication of news bulletins etc. Additionally, in most of the Cultural Centres classes in various aspects of Indian culture such as music, dance, Hindi language and yoga are being conducted. The Centres also maintain libraries, reading rooms and audio-video facilities for visitors. Apart from organising their own activities, the Indian Cultural Centres provide support to the respective Indian Missions for coordinating various cultural activities.T hese Centres develop and maintain contacts with local citizens particularly students, teachers, academicians, opinion makers and cultural personalities to project a holistic picture of India`s rich and diverse cultural heritage. -
Zika Virus Research and Development (R&D) Roadmap
ZIKV R&D Roadmap v7.1 DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT February 2021 1 Zika Virus Research and Development (R&D) Roadmap 2 3 Roadmap purpose: To provide a 10-year framework for prioritizing research activities aimed at 4 advancing the development, licensure, manufacture, deployment, and assessment of medical 5 countermeasures (MCMs)—diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines—against Zika virus (ZIKV) disease. By 6 highlighting key knowledge gaps, identifying strategic goals and milestones, and encouraging synergistic 7 research and development (R&D) activities, the roadmap will serve as a valuable tool to advance the 8 existing complex field of ZIKV MCM research and stimulate overall investment in R&D and in 9 implementation activities. 10 11 Vision statement: To ensure that robust MCMs to detect, prevent, and control human ZIKV clinical 12 disease, including congenital anomalies and neurodevelopmental disabilities associated with congenital 13 ZIKV infection, are readily available and accessible for use in areas of known or potential ZIKV 14 transmission. These MCMs include: (1) accurate, standardized, and validated diagnostics; (2) safe and 15 effective treatments aimed primarily at preventing congenital ZIKV infection; and (3) safe and effective 16 vaccines to prevent disease, disability, and death. 17 18 INTRODUCTION 19 ZIKV is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that was first isolated in 1947 from a sentinel rhesus monkey in the 20 Zika Forest of Uganda (Dick 1952). Only a handful of ZIKV disease cases in humans had been identified 21 prior to a 2007 outbreak in the State of Yap, Federated States of Micronesia, during which an estimated 22 73% of the population was infected (Duffy 2009, Petersen 2016). -
Development of Vaccines Against Zika Virus
Review Development of vaccines against Zika virus Gregory A Poland, Richard B Kennedy, Inna G Ovsyannikova, Ricardo Palacios, Paulo Lee Ho, Jorge Kalil Zika virus is an emerging pathogen of substantial public health concern to human beings. Although most infections are Lancet Infect Dis 2018; asymptomatic or present with benign, self-limited symptoms, a small percentage of patients have complications, such 18: e211–19 as congenital anomalies in the developing fetus of pregnant women infected with the virus and neurological Published Online complications (eg, Guillain-Barré syndrome). To date, there is no vaccine, antiviral drug, or other modality available to January 25, 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ prevent or treat Zika virus infection. In this Review, we examine vaccine development efforts for Zika virus to date and S1473-3099(18)30063-X research gaps in the development of candidate vaccines against Zika virus. Top research priorities should include Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research development of a better understanding of immunity to Zika virus to establish clear correlates of protection; determination Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, of what effect, if any, Zika vaccine-induced immune responses will have on subsequent dengue virus infection; MN , USA (Prof G A Poland MD, evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy in healthy adults and in the various subpopulations affected by Zika Prof R B Kennedy PhD, Prof I G Ovsyannikova PhD); virus infection (children, pregnant women, women of childbearing age, and eldery people); and identification