Unusual Origin and Relations of the Accessory Meningeal Artery – a Case Report
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Course of the Maxillary Artery Through the Loop Of
Anomalous course of maxillary artery Rev Arg de Anat Clin; 2013, 5 (3): 235-239 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Case Report COURSE OF THE MAXILLARY ARTERY THROUGH THE LOOP OF THE AURICULOTEMPORAL NERVE Kavya Bhat, Sampath Madhyastha*, Balakrishnan R Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Bejai Campus, Mangalore, Manipal University, India RESUMEN INTRODUCTION Las variaciones en el curso de la arteria maxilar se describen a menudo, con sus relaciones con el Maxillary artery is one of the larger terminal músculo pterigoideo lateral. En el presente caso branches of the external carotid artery, arises informamos una variación exclusiva en el curso de la behind the neck of the mandible, within the arteria maxilar que no fue publicada antes. En un substance of the parotid gland. It then crosses cadáver masculino de 75 años arteria maxilar derecho the infratemporal fossa to enter the pterygo- estaba pasando por el bucle del nervio auriculo- palatine fossa through pterygo-maxillary fissure. temporal. La arteria meníngea media provenía de la The course of the artery is divided into three arteria maxilar con un bucle del nervio auriculo- temporal. La arteria maxilar pasaba profunda con parts by the lateral pterygoid muscle. The first respecto al nervio dentario inferior pero superficial al (mandibular) part runs horizontally, parallel to nervio lingual. El conocimiento de estas variaciones es and slightly below the auriculo-temporal nerve. importante para el cirujano y también serviría para This part of the artery runs superficial (lateral) to explicar la posible participación de estas variaciones the lower head of lateral pterygoid muscle. The en la etiología del dolor mandibular. -
Anomalous Origin of the Middle Meningeal Artery
The Internet Journal of Radiology ISPUB.COM Volume 4 Number 2 Anomalous Origin of the Middle Meningeal Artery from the Petrous Segment of the Internal Carotid Artery Associated with Multiple Cerebrovascular Abnormalities I Omeis, M Crupain, M Tenner, R Murali Citation I Omeis, M Crupain, M Tenner, R Murali. Anomalous Origin of the Middle Meningeal Artery from the Petrous Segment of the Internal Carotid Artery Associated with Multiple Cerebrovascular Abnormalities. The Internet Journal of Radiology. 2005 Volume 4 Number 2. Abstract A 25-year-old male with a history of seizure disorder was found incidentally on cerebral angiography to have numerous congenital anomalies of the cerebral vascular system. Among these anomalies were the derivation of the left middle meningeal artery from the petrous portion of the internal carotid artery, the presence of a left cavernous angioma, cavernous origin of the left ophthalmic artery, and an accessory middle cerebral artery. Awareness of cerebral circulatory anatomical anomalies of this nature is of importance to all physicians who plan surgical and endovascular interventions. INTRODUCTION resonance imaging (MRI) with and without gadolinium The middle meningeal artery in most individuals arises from revealed a left temporal lobe cavernoma and associated the maxillary branch of the external carotid artery and enters developmental venous anomaly in the region of the collateral the skull through the foramen spinosum. It then divides into gyrus that were unchanged from of first diagnosis (Fig. 2). anterior and posterior branches to supply the dura and An electroencephalogram (EEG) showed some mild cerebral adjacent calvarium. A few instances have been reported of dysfunction over the left temporal region with no the aberrant origin of the middle meningeal artery from epileptiform abnormality. -
The Facial Artery of the Dog
Oka jimas Folia Anat. Jpn., 57(1) : 55-78, May 1980 The Facial Artery of the Dog By MOTOTSUNA IRIFUNE Department of Anatomy, Osaka Dental University, Osaka (Director: Prof. Y. Ohta) (with one textfigure and thirty-one figures in five plates) -Received for Publication, November 10, 1979- Key words: Facial artery, Dog, Plastic injection, Floor of the mouth. Summary. The course, branching and distribution territories of the facial artery of the dog were studied by the acryl plastic injection method. In general, the facial artery was found to arise from the external carotid between the points of origin of the lingual and posterior auricular arteries. It ran anteriorly above the digastric muscle and gave rise to the styloglossal, the submandibular glandular and the ptery- goid branches. The artery continued anterolaterally giving off the digastric, the inferior masseteric and the cutaneous branches. It came to the face after sending off the submental artery, which passed anteromedially, giving off the digastric and mylohyoid branches, on the medial surface of the mandible, and gave rise to the sublingual artery. The gingival, the genioglossal and sublingual plical branches arose from the vessel, while the submental artery gave off the geniohyoid branches. Posterior to the mandibular symphysis, various communications termed the sublingual arterial loop, were formed between the submental and the sublingual of both sides. They could be grouped into ten types. In the face, the facial artery gave rise to the mandibular marginal, the anterior masseteric, the inferior labial and the buccal branches, as well as the branch to the superior, and turned to the superior labial artery. -
Clinical Importance of the Middle Meningeal Artery
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Jagiellonian Univeristy Repository FOLIA MEDICA CRACOVIENSIA 41 Vol. LIII, 1, 2013: 41–46 PL ISSN 0015-5616 Przemysław Chmielewski1, Janusz skrzat1, Jerzy waloCha1 CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF THE MIDDLE MENINGEAL ARTERY Abstract: Middle meningeal artery (MMA)is an important branch which supplies among others cranial dura mater. It directly attaches to the cranial bones (is incorporated into periosteal layer of dura mater), favors common injuries in course of head trauma. This review describes available data on the MMA considering its varability, or treats specific diseases or injuries where the course of MMA may have clinical impact. Key words: Middle meningeal artery (MMA), aneurysm of the middle meningeal artery, epidural he- matoma, anatomical variation of MMA. TOPOGRAPHY OF THE MIDDLE MENINGEAL ARTERY AND ITS BRANCHES Middle meningeal artery (MMA) [1] is most commonly the strongest branch of maxillary artery (from external carotid artery) [2]. It supplies blood to cranial dura mater, and through the numerous perforating branches it nourishes also periosteum of the inner aspect of cranial bones. It enters the middle cranial fossa through the foramen spinosum, and courses between the dura mater and the inner aspect of the vault of the skull. Next it divides into two terminal branches — frontal (anterior) which supplies blood to bones forming anterior cranial fossa and the anterior part of the middle cranial fossa; parietal branch (posterior), which runs more horizontally toward the back and supplies posterior part of the middle cranial fossa and supratentorial part of the posterior cranial fossa. -
The Ophthalmic Artery Ii
Brit. J. Ophthal. (1962) 46, 165. THE OPHTHALMIC ARTERY II. INTRA-ORBITAL COURSE* BY SOHAN SINGH HAYREHt AND RAMJI DASS Government Medical College, Patiala, India Material THIS study was carried out in 61 human orbits obtained from 38 dissection- room cadavers. In 23 cadavers both the orbits were examined, and in the remaining fifteen only one side was studied. With the exception of three cadavers of children aged 4, 11, and 12 years, the specimens were from old persons. Method Neoprene latex was injected in situ, either through the internal carotid artery or through the most proximal part of the ophthalmic artery, after opening the skull and removing the brain. The artery was first irrigated with water. After injection the part was covered with cotton wool soaked in 10 per cent. formalin for from 24 to 48 hours to coagulate the latex. The roof of the orbit was then opened and the ophthalmic artery was carefully studied within the orbit. Observations COURSE For descriptive purposes the intra-orbital course of the ophthalmic artery has been divided into three parts (Singh and Dass, 1960). (1) The first part extends from the point of entrance of the ophthalmic artery into the orbit to the point where the artery bends to become the second part. This part usually runs along the infero-lateral aspect of the optic nerve. (2) The second part crosses over or under the optic nerve running in a medial direction from the infero-lateral to the supero-medial aspect of the nerve. (3) The thirdpart extends from the point at which the second part bends at the supero-medial aspect of the optic nerve to its termination. -
Head & Neck Muscle Table
Robert Frysztak, PhD. Structure of the Human Body Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine HEAD‐NECK MUSCLE TABLE PROXIMAL ATTACHMENT DISTAL ATTACHMENT MUSCLE INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY MUSCLE GROUP (ORIGIN) (INSERTION) Anterior floor of orbit lateral to Oculomotor nerve (CN III), inferior Abducts, elevates, and laterally Inferior oblique Lateral sclera deep to lateral rectus Ophthalmic artery Extra‐ocular nasolacrimal canal division rotates eyeball Inferior aspect of eyeball, posterior to Oculomotor nerve (CN III), inferior Depresses, adducts, and laterally Inferior rectus Common tendinous ring Ophthalmic artery Extra‐ocular corneoscleral junction division rotates eyeball Lateral aspect of eyeball, posterior to Lateral rectus Common tendinous ring Abducent nerve (CN VI) Abducts eyeball Ophthalmic artery Extra‐ocular corneoscleral junction Medial aspect of eyeball, posterior to Oculomotor nerve (CN III), inferior Medial rectus Common tendinous ring Adducts eyeball Ophthalmic artery Extra‐ocular corneoscleral junction division Passes through trochlea, attaches to Body of sphenoid (above optic foramen), Abducts, depresses, and medially Superior oblique superior sclera between superior and Trochlear nerve (CN IV) Ophthalmic artery Extra‐ocular medial to origin of superior rectus rotates eyeball lateral recti Superior aspect of eyeball, posterior to Oculomotor nerve (CN III), superior Elevates, adducts, and medially Superior rectus Common tendinous ring Ophthalmic artery Extra‐ocular the corneoscleral junction division -
Notably the Posterior Cerebral Artery, Do Not Develop Fully Until the Embryo
THE EMBRYOLOGY OF THE ARTERIES OF THE BRAIN Arris and Gale Lecture delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons of England on 27th February 1962 by D. B. Moffat, M.D., F.R.C.S. Senior Lecturer in Anatomy, University College, Cardiff A LITTLE OVER 300 years ago, Edward Arris donated to the Company of Barbers and Surgeons a sum of money " upon condicion that a humane Body be once in every yeare hearafter publiquely dissected and six lectures thereupon read in this Hall if it may be had with conveniency, and the Charges to be borne by this Company ". Some years later, Dr. Gale left an annuity to the Company for a similar purpose and it is interesting to note that the first Gale lecturer was a Dr. Havers, whose name is still associated with the Haversian canals in bone. The study of anatomy has changed in many ways since those days and it must be a long time since an Arris and Gale lecturer actually took his text from the cadaver. However, in deference to the wishes of our benefactors, I should like at least to com- mence this lecture by showing you part of a dissection (Fig. 1) which a colleague, Dr. E. D. Morris, and I prepared some years ago for use in an oral examination. We found that in this subject the left internal carotid artery in the neck gave off a. large branch which passed upwards and back- wards to enter the skull through the hypoglossal canal. In the posterior cranial fossa this artery looped caudally and then passed forwards in the midline to form the basilar artery which was joined by a pair of very small vertebral arteries. -
Parts of the Body 1) Head – Caput, Capitus 2) Skull- Cranium Cephalic- Toward the Skull Caudal- Toward the Tail Rostral- Toward the Nose 3) Collum (Pl
BIO 3330 Advanced Human Cadaver Anatomy Instructor: Dr. Jeff Simpson Department of Biology Metropolitan State College of Denver 1 PARTS OF THE BODY 1) HEAD – CAPUT, CAPITUS 2) SKULL- CRANIUM CEPHALIC- TOWARD THE SKULL CAUDAL- TOWARD THE TAIL ROSTRAL- TOWARD THE NOSE 3) COLLUM (PL. COLLI), CERVIX 4) TRUNK- THORAX, CHEST 5) ABDOMEN- AREA BETWEEN THE DIAPHRAGM AND THE HIP BONES 6) PELVIS- AREA BETWEEN OS COXAS EXTREMITIES -UPPER 1) SHOULDER GIRDLE - SCAPULA, CLAVICLE 2) BRACHIUM - ARM 3) ANTEBRACHIUM -FOREARM 4) CUBITAL FOSSA 6) METACARPALS 7) PHALANGES 2 Lower Extremities Pelvis Os Coxae (2) Inominant Bones Sacrum Coccyx Terms of Position and Direction Anatomical Position Body Erect, head, eyes and toes facing forward. Limbs at side, palms facing forward Anterior-ventral Posterior-dorsal Superficial Deep Internal/external Vertical & horizontal- refer to the body in the standing position Lateral/ medial Superior/inferior Ipsilateral Contralateral Planes of the Body Median-cuts the body into left and right halves Sagittal- parallel to median Frontal (Coronal)- divides the body into front and back halves 3 Horizontal(transverse)- cuts the body into upper and lower portions Positions of the Body Proximal Distal Limbs Radial Ulnar Tibial Fibular Foot Dorsum Plantar Hallicus HAND Dorsum- back of hand Palmar (volar)- palm side Pollicus Index finger Middle finger Ring finger Pinky finger TERMS OF MOVEMENT 1) FLEXION: DECREASE ANGLE BETWEEN TWO BONES OF A JOINT 2) EXTENSION: INCREASE ANGLE BETWEEN TWO BONES OF A JOINT 3) ADDUCTION: TOWARDS MIDLINE -
Anatomical Study of Nutrient Vessels in the Condylar Neck Accessory Foramina
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-019-02304-w ORIGINAL ARTICLE Endosteal blood supply of the mandible: anatomical study of nutrient vessels in the condylar neck accessory foramina Matthieu Olivetto1 · Jérémie Bettoni1 · Jérôme Duisit2,3 · Louis Chenin4 · Jebrane Bouaoud1 · Stéphanie Dakpé1,5 · Bernard Devauchelle1,5 · Benoît Lengelé2,3 Received: 23 December 2018 / Accepted: 12 August 2019 © Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Purpose In the mandible, the condylar neck vascularization is commonly described as mainly periosteal; while the endosteal contribution is still debated, with very limited anatomical studies. Previous works have shown the contribution of nutrient vessels through accessory foramina and their contribution in the blood supply of other parts of the mandible. Our aim was to study the condylar neck’s blood supply from nutrient foramina. Methods Six latex-injected heads were dissected and two hundred mandibular condyles were observed on dry mandi- bles searching for accessory bone foramina. Results Latex-injected dissections showed a direct condylar medular arterial supply through foramina. On dry mandi- bles, these foramina were most frequently observed in the pterygoid fovea in 91% of cases. However, two other accessory foramina areas were identifed on the lateral and medial sides of the mandibular condylar process, confrming the vascular contribution of transverse facial and maxillary arteries. Conclusions The maxillary artery indeed provided both endosteal and periosteal blood supply to the condylar neck, with three diferent branches: an intramedullary ascending artery (arising from the inferior alveolar artery), a direct nutrient branch and some pterygoid osteomuscular branches. Keywords Condylar neck · Mandibular condyle · Mandible blood supply · Arterial vascularization · Maxillary artery Introduction condylar neck blood supply is still debated and has been poorly studied. -
Atlas of the Facial Nerve and Related Structures
Rhoton Yoshioka Atlas of the Facial Nerve Unique Atlas Opens Window and Related Structures Into Facial Nerve Anatomy… Atlas of the Facial Nerve and Related Structures and Related Nerve Facial of the Atlas “His meticulous methods of anatomical dissection and microsurgical techniques helped transform the primitive specialty of neurosurgery into the magnificent surgical discipline that it is today.”— Nobutaka Yoshioka American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Albert L. Rhoton, Jr. Nobutaka Yoshioka, MD, PhD and Albert L. Rhoton, Jr., MD have created an anatomical atlas of astounding precision. An unparalleled teaching tool, this atlas opens a unique window into the anatomical intricacies of complex facial nerves and related structures. An internationally renowned author, educator, brain anatomist, and neurosurgeon, Dr. Rhoton is regarded by colleagues as one of the fathers of modern microscopic neurosurgery. Dr. Yoshioka, an esteemed craniofacial reconstructive surgeon in Japan, mastered this precise dissection technique while undertaking a fellowship at Dr. Rhoton’s microanatomy lab, writing in the preface that within such precision images lies potential for surgical innovation. Special Features • Exquisite color photographs, prepared from carefully dissected latex injected cadavers, reveal anatomy layer by layer with remarkable detail and clarity • An added highlight, 3-D versions of these extraordinary images, are available online in the Thieme MediaCenter • Major sections include intracranial region and skull, upper facial and midfacial region, and lower facial and posterolateral neck region Organized by region, each layered dissection elucidates specific nerves and structures with pinpoint accuracy, providing the clinician with in-depth anatomical insights. Precise clinical explanations accompany each photograph. In tandem, the images and text provide an excellent foundation for understanding the nerves and structures impacted by neurosurgical-related pathologies as well as other conditions and injuries. -
Axis Scientific Human Circulatory System 1/2 Life Size A-105864
Axis Scientific Human Circulatory System 1/2 Life Size A-105864 05. Superior Vena Cava 13. Ascending Aorta 21. Hepatic Vein 28. Celiac Trunk II. Lung 09. Pulmonary Trunk 19. Common III. Spleen Hepatic Artery 10. Pulmonary 15. Pulmonary Artery 17. Splenic Artery (Semilunar) Valve 20. Portal Vein 03. Left Atrium 18. Splenic Vein 01. Right Atrium 16. Pulmonary Vein 26. Superior 24. Superior 02. Right Ventricle Mesenteric Vein Mesenteric Artery 11. Supraventricular Crest 07. Interatrial Septum 22. Renal Artery 27. Inferior 14. Aortic (Semilunar) Valve Mesenteric Vein 08. Tricuspid (Right 23. Renal Vein 12. Mitral (Left Atrioventricular) Valve VI. Large Intestine Atrioventricular) Valve 29. Testicular / 30. Common Iliac Artery Ovarian Artery 32. Internal Iliac Artery 25. Inferior 31. External Iliac Artery Mesenteric Artery 33. Median Sacral Artery 41. Posterior Auricular Artery 57. Deep Palmar Arch 40. Occipital Artery 43. Superficial Temporal Artery 58. Dorsal Venous Arch 36. External Carotid Artery 42. Maxillary Artery 56. Superficial Palmar Arch 35. Internal Carotid Artery 44. Internal Jugular Vein 39. Facial Artery 45. External Jugular Vein 38. Lingual Artery and Vein 63. Deep Femoral Artery 34. Common Carotid Artery 37. Superior Thyroid Artery 62. Femoral Artery 48. Thyrocervical Trunk 49. Inferior Thyroid Artery 47. Subclavian Artery 69. Great Saphenous Vein 46. Subclavian Vein I. Heart 51. Thoracoacromial II. Lung Artery 64. Popliteal Artery 50. Axillary Artery 03. Left Atrium 01. Right Atrium 04. Left Ventricle 02. Right Ventricle 65. Posterior Tibial Artery 52. Brachial Artery 66. Anterior Tibial Artery 53. Deep Brachial VII. Descending Artery Aorta 70. Small Saphenous Vein IV. Liver 59. -
Anatomy of the Periorbital Region Review Article Anatomia Da Região Periorbital
RevSurgicalV5N3Inglês_RevistaSurgical&CosmeticDermatol 21/01/14 17:54 Página 245 245 Anatomy of the periorbital region Review article Anatomia da região periorbital Authors: Eliandre Costa Palermo1 ABSTRACT A careful study of the anatomy of the orbit is very important for dermatologists, even for those who do not perform major surgical procedures. This is due to the high complexity of the structures involved in the dermatological procedures performed in this region. A 1 Dermatologist Physician, Lato sensu post- detailed knowledge of facial anatomy is what differentiates a qualified professional— graduate diploma in Dermatologic Surgery from the Faculdade de Medician whether in performing minimally invasive procedures (such as botulinum toxin and der- do ABC - Santo André (SP), Brazil mal fillings) or in conducting excisions of skin lesions—thereby avoiding complications and ensuring the best results, both aesthetically and correctively. The present review article focuses on the anatomy of the orbit and palpebral region and on the important structures related to the execution of dermatological procedures. Keywords: eyelids; anatomy; skin. RESU MO Um estudo cuidadoso da anatomia da órbita é muito importante para os dermatologistas, mesmo para os que não realizam grandes procedimentos cirúrgicos, devido à elevada complexidade de estruturas envolvidas nos procedimentos dermatológicos realizados nesta região. O conhecimento detalhado da anatomia facial é o que diferencia o profissional qualificado, seja na realização de procedimentos mini- mamente invasivos, como toxina botulínica e preenchimentos, seja nas exéreses de lesões dermatoló- Correspondence: Dr. Eliandre Costa Palermo gicas, evitando complicações e assegurando os melhores resultados, tanto estéticos quanto corretivos. Av. São Gualter, 615 Trataremos neste artigo da revisão da anatomia da região órbito-palpebral e das estruturas importan- Cep: 05455 000 Alto de Pinheiros—São tes correlacionadas à realização dos procedimentos dermatológicos.