June 2012 | TOP500 Supercomputing Sites
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Ushering in a New Era: Argonne National Laboratory & Aurora
Ushering in a New Era Argonne National Laboratory’s Aurora System April 2015 ANL Selects Intel for World’s Biggest Supercomputer 2-system CORAL award extends IA leadership in extreme scale HPC Aurora Argonne National Laboratory >180PF Trinity NNSA† April ‘15 Cori >40PF NERSC‡ >30PF July ’14 + Theta Argonne National Laboratory April ’14 >8.5PF >$200M ‡ Cray* XC* Series at National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). † Cray XC Series at National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). 2 The Most Advanced Supercomputer Ever Built An Intel-led collaboration with ANL and Cray to accelerate discovery & innovation >180 PFLOPS (option to increase up to 450 PF) 18X higher performance† >50,000 nodes Prime Contractor 13MW >6X more energy efficient† 2018 delivery Subcontractor Source: Argonne National Laboratory and Intel. †Comparison of theoretical peak double precision FLOPS and power consumption to ANL’s largest current system, MIRA (10PFs and 4.8MW) 3 Aurora | Science From Day One! Extreme performance for a broad range of compute and data-centric workloads Transportation Biological Science Renewable Energy Training Argonne Training Program on Extreme- Scale Computing Aerodynamics Biofuels / Disease Control Wind Turbine Design / Placement Materials Science Computer Science Public Access Focus Areas Focus US Industry and International Co-array Fortran Batteries / Solar Panels New Programming Models 4 Aurora | Built on a Powerful Foundation Breakthrough technologies that deliver massive benefits Compute Interconnect File System 3rd Generation 2nd Generation Intel® Xeon Phi™ Intel® Omni-Path Intel® Lustre* Architecture Software >17X performance† >20X faster† >3X faster† FLOPS per node >500 TB/s bi-section bandwidth >1 TB/s file system throughput >12X memory bandwidth† >2.5 PB/s aggregate node link >5X capacity† bandwidth >30PB/s aggregate >150TB file system capacity in-package memory bandwidth Integrated Intel® Omni-Path Architecture Processor code name: Knights Hill Source: Argonne National Laboratory and Intel. -
Roofline Model Toolkit: a Practical Tool for Architectural and Program
Roofline Model Toolkit: A Practical Tool for Architectural and Program Analysis Yu Jung Lo, Samuel Williams, Brian Van Straalen, Terry J. Ligocki, Matthew J. Cordery, Nicholas J. Wright, Mary W. Hall, and Leonid Oliker University of Utah, Lawerence Berkeley National Laboratory {yujunglo,mhall}@cs.utah.edu {swwilliams,bvstraalen,tjligocki,mjcordery,njwright,loliker}@lbl.gov Abstract. We present preliminary results of the Roofline Toolkit for multicore, manycore, and accelerated architectures. This paper focuses on the processor architecture characterization engine, a collection of portable instrumented micro benchmarks implemented with Message Passing Interface (MPI), and OpenMP used to express thread-level paral- lelism. These benchmarks are specialized to quantify the behavior of dif- ferent architectural features. Compared to previous work on performance characterization, these microbenchmarks focus on capturing the perfor- mance of each level of the memory hierarchy, along with thread-level parallelism, instruction-level parallelism and explicit SIMD parallelism, measured in the context of the compilers and run-time environments. We also measure sustained PCIe throughput with four GPU memory managed mechanisms. By combining results from the architecture char- acterization with the Roofline model based solely on architectural spec- ifications, this work offers insights for performance prediction of current and future architectures and their software systems. To that end, we in- strument three applications and plot their resultant performance on the corresponding Roofline model when run on a Blue Gene/Q architecture. Keywords: Roofline, Memory Bandwidth, CUDA Unified Memory 1 Introduction The growing complexity of high-performance computing architectures makes it difficult for users to achieve sustained application performance across different architectures. -
IBM US Nuke-Lab Beast 'Sequoia' Is Top of the Flops (Petaflops, That Is) | Insidehpc.Com
Advertisement insideHPC Skip to content Latest News HPC Hardware Software Tools Events inside-BigData Search Rock Stars of HPC Videos inside-Startups HPC Jobs IBM US Nuke-lab Beast ‘Sequoia’ is Top of the Flops (Petaflops, that is) 06.18.2012 Mi piace By Timothy Prickett Morgan • Get more from this author For the second time in the past two years, a new supercomputer has taken the top ranking in the Top 500 list of supercomputers – and it does not use a hybrid CPU-GPU architecture. But the question everyone will be asking at the International Super Computing conference in Hamburg, Germany today is whether this is the last hurrah for such monolithic parallel machines and whether the move toward hybrid machines where GPUs or other kinds of coprocessors do most of the work is inevitable. No one can predict the future, of course, even if they happen to be Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and even if they happen to have just fired up IBM’s “Sequoia” BlueGene/Q beast, which has been put through the Linpack benchmark paces, delivering 16.32 petaflops of sustained performance running across the 1.57 million PowerPC cores inside the box. Sequoia has a peak theoretical performance of 20.1 petaflops, so 81.1 per cent of the possible clocks in the box that could do work running Linpack did so when the benchmark test was done. LLNL was where the original BlueGene/L super was commercialized, so that particular Department of Energy nuke lab knows how to tune the massively parallel Power machine better than anyone on the planet, meaning the efficiency is not a surprise. -
Characterizing and Understanding HPC Job Failures Over the 2K-Day Life of IBM Bluegene/Q System
Characterizing and Understanding HPC Job Failures over The 2K-day Life of IBM BlueGene/Q System Sheng Di,∗ Hanqi Guo,∗ Eric Pershey,∗ Marc Snir,y Franck Cappello∗y ∗Argonne National Laboratory, IL, USA [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] yUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA [email protected] Abstract—An in-depth understanding of the failure features of Blue Joule (UK), also adopt the same Blue Gene/Q system HPC jobs in a supercomputer is critical to the large-scale system architecture and they are still in operation. maintenance and improvement of the service quality for users. In Studying the job failure features in a large-scale system is this paper, we investigate the features of hundreds of thousands of jobs in one of the most powerful supercomputers, the IBM nontrivial in that it involves numerous messages logged from Blue Gene/Q Mira, based on 2001 days of observations with a across multiple data sources and many messages are heavily total of over 32.44 billion core-hours. We study the impact of the duplicated [2]. In our work, we performed a joint analysis system’s events on the jobs’ execution in order to understand the by leveraging four different data sources: the reliability, avail- system’s reliability from the perspective of jobs and users. The ability, and serviceability (RAS) log; task execution log; job characterization involves a joint analysis based on multiple data sources, including the reliability, availability, and serviceability scheduling log; and I/O behavior log. The RAS log is the most (RAS) log; job scheduling log; the log regarding each job’s important system log related to system reliability such as node physical execution tasks; and the I/O behavior log. -
Supercomputers – Prestige Objects Or Crucial Tools for Science and Industry?
Supercomputers – Prestige Objects or Crucial Tools for Science and Industry? Hans W. Meuer a 1, Horst Gietl b 2 a University of Mannheim & Prometeus GmbH, 68131 Mannheim, Germany; b Prometeus GmbH, 81245 Munich, Germany; This paper is the revised and extended version of the Lorraine King Memorial Lecture Hans Werner Meuer was invited by Lord Laird of Artigarvan to give at the House of Lords, London, on April 18, 2012. Keywords: TOP500, High Performance Computing, HPC, Supercomputing, HPC Technology, Supercomputer Market, Supercomputer Architecture, Supercomputer Applications, Supercomputer Technology, Supercomputer Performance, Supercomputer Future. 1 e-mail: [email protected] 2 e-mail: [email protected] 1 Content 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 2 The TOP500 Supercomputer Project ............................................................................................... 3 2.1 The LINPACK Benchmark ......................................................................................................... 4 2.2 TOP500 Authors ...................................................................................................................... 4 2.3 The 39th TOP500 List since 1993 .............................................................................................. 5 2.4 The 39th TOP10 List since 1993 ............................................................................................... -
An Analysis of System Balance and Architectural Trends Based on Top500 Supercomputers
ORNL/TM-2020/1561 An Analysis of System Balance and Architectural Trends Based on Top500 Supercomputers Hyogi Sim Awais Khan Sudharshan S. Vazhkudai Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. August 11, 2020 DOCUMENT AVAILABILITY Reports produced after January 1, 1996, are generally available free via US Department of Energy (DOE) SciTech Connect. Website: www.osti.gov/ Reports produced before January 1, 1996, may be purchased by members of the public from the following source: National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 Telephone: 703-605-6000 (1-800-553-6847) TDD: 703-487-4639 Fax: 703-605-6900 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://classic.ntis.gov/ Reports are available to DOE employees, DOE contractors, Energy Technology Data Ex- change representatives, and International Nuclear Information System representatives from the following source: Office of Scientific and Technical Information PO Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Telephone: 865-576-8401 Fax: 865-576-5728 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.osti.gov/contact.html This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal lia- bility or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or rep- resents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Refer- ence herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not nec- essarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or fa- voring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. -
ALCF Newsbytes Argonne Leadership Computing Facility Argonne National Laboratory
ALCF Newsbytes Argonne Leadership Computing Facility Argonne National Laboratory Volume 2, Issue 3 | Summer 2012 Table of Contents Program Awards 247 Million Hours Program Awards 247 Million Hours .......... 1 of ALCF Supercomputer Time Mira Ranks Third on TOP500 .................... 2 Rapid Procedure Unites Quantum Chemistry with Artificial Intelligence ........ 4 Nine research projects have been awarded 247 million Lithium-Air: The “Mount Everest” processor hours of computing time at the Argonne of Batteries for Electric Vehicles ............... 5 Spotlight: Steve Crusan ............................. 6 Leadership Computing Facility (ALCF) through the ALCF Systems Shine on Green500 ............. 7 U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) initiative—the ASCR Mira Shares Graph 500 Top Spot ............... 8 Leadership Computing Challenge (ALCC). Chosen through a Leap to Petascale Workshop in Review ..... 8 peer-review process, the projects selected reflect areas of special interest to the DOE: energy, national emergencies, and broadening the community of researchers capable of Events of Interest Argonne’s Energy Showcase using leadership-class computing resources. Saturday, September 15, 2012 9 a.m. – 4 p.m. Argonne National Laboratory will open its gates to the community for a day of discovery ALCC awards of compute time on Intrepid (the ALCF’s Blue Gene/P) become available and fun for the whole family. The event is free in July for the following recipients: and open to the public. Advance registration is required as attendance will be limited. -
Optimizing the Performance of Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Multi-Core Architectures
Optimizing the Performance of Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Multi-Core Architectures Hasan Metin Aktulga1, Christopher Knight2, Paul Coffman2, Kurt A. O’Hearn1, Tzu-Ray Shan3, and Wei Jiang2 1Michigan State University 2Argonne Leadership Computing Facility 3Sandia National Laboratories (currently, Materials Design Inc.) June 23, 2017 Abstract Reactive molecular dynamics simulations are computationally demanding. Reaching spatial and temporal scales where interesting scientific phenomena can be observed requires efficient and scalable implementations on modern hardware. In this paper, we focus on optimizing the performance of the widely used LAMMPS/ReaxC package for multi-core architectures. As hy- brid parallelism allows better leverage of the increasing on-node parallelism, we adopt thread parallelism in the construction of bonded and nonbonded lists, and in the computation of com- plex ReaxFF interactions. To mitigate the I/O overheads due to large volumes of trajectory data produced and to save users the burden of post-processing, we also develop a novel in-situ tool for molecular species analysis. We analyze the performance of the resulting ReaxC-OMP package on Mira, an IBM Blue Gene/Q supercomputer. For PETN systems of sizes ranging from 32 thousand to 16.6 million particles, we observe speedups in the range of 1.5-4.5 . We observe sustained performance improvements for up to 262,144 cores (1,048,576 processes)× of Mira and a weak scaling efficiency of 91.5% in large simulations containing 16.6 million particles. The in-situ molecular species analysis tool incurs only insignificant overheads across various system sizes and run configurations. 1 Introduction arXiv:1706.07772v1 [cs.DC] 23 Jun 2017 Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations have become an increasingly important computational tool for a range of scientific disciplines including, but not limited to, chemistry, biology, and materials science. -
The Race to Exascale Getting Artificial Intelligence and Big Data up to Speed
Issue 06 July 2019 SUPERCOMPUTING aSIa 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 THE RACE TO EXASCALE GETTING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BIG DATA UP TO SPEED IT'S A MATERIAL WORLD A QUANTUM LEAP INTO THE FUTURE MOVE IT! MCI (P) 037/04/2019 Issue 06 CONTENTS July 2019 FEATURES p. 24 A Quantum Leap into the Future Building an ‘unhackable’ internet p. 28 Move it! Helping big data go round the globe p. 32 Scaling New Heights at SCA19 Highlights from SupercomputingAsia 2019 p. 6 Digital Dispatch Supercomputing news from around the world p. 10 It’s a Material World How high-performance computing is transforming the material world COVER STORY p. 36 Business Bytes p. 18 The latest industry moves p. 38 THE RACE TO Super Snapshot EXASCALE India’s need for speed Getting artificial intelligence and big data up to speed Data Mover Challenge 2020 Topology SUPERCOMPUTING SINET 100G aSIa DTN @ KREONET2 Denmark 100G DTN @ TransPAC- EDITOR’S NOTE EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE London, Paris PacificWave Prof. Tan Tin Wee DTN @ 100G Seattle Surfnet DTN @ Prof. Satoshi Matsuoka DTN @ Chicago New York South Korea SINET 100G Prof. John Gustafson n this issue, we celebrate yet another successful Yves Poppe DTN @ Japan SingAREN-NICT LA edition of the annual SupercomputingAsia 100G conference, which saw more than 700 research CEO & PUBLISHER NII-SingAREN Dr. Juliana Chan 100G SingAREN- and industry delegates from around the world flock CAE-1 Internet2 100G 100G to Singapore on March 12-14, 2019 (Scaling New Singapore EDITOR-IN-CHIEF DTN @ AARNET-SXTransPORT Heights At SCA19, p. -
Supercomputer Centers and High Performance Computing
Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 2019; 7(4): 87-94 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/jeee doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20190704.11 ISSN: 2329-1613 (Print); ISSN: 2329-1605 (Online) Age of Great Chinese Dragon: Supercomputer Centers and High Performance Computing Andrey Molyakov Institute of Information Technologies and Cybersecurity, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia Email address: To cite this article: Andrey Molyakov. Age of Great Chinese Dragon: Supercomputer Centers and High Performance Computing. Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. Special Issue: Science Innovation . Vol. 7, No. 4, 2019, pp. 87-94. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20190704.11 Received : August 18, 2019; Accepted : September 21, 2019; Published : October 9, 2019 Abstract: Author describes Chinese supercomputer centers and networks. There are currently five National Supercomputing Centers in China, which are established in Tianjin, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Jinan, and Chang-Sha. These cities were selected as pilot ones for conducting an experiment on the development of the cloud computing services market. The directions of evolutionary and innovative development of exaflops supercomputers are highlighted in Pacific region. The evolutionary approach is the simplest and allows you to quickly get the result, but the created supercomputer of this type will be effective only when solving a narrow class of problems and have low energy efficiency. An innovative approach involves basic research and the development of innovative technologies, which is much more complicated and requires more time. Innovative technologies for the development of exaflops supercomputers, due to the stringent requirements of energy efficiency and productivity efficiency, have much in common with technologies for creating highly efficient on-board and embedded systems. -
At the Frontiers of Extreme Computing
NOVEMBER 2011 SUPER- COMPUTERS AT THE FRONTIERS OF EXTREME COMPUTING PUBLISHED IN PARTNERSHIP WITH Research and Innovation with HPC Joint SMEs Laboratory HPC At the interface of computer science and mathematics, Inria researchers have spent 40 years establishing the scientific bases of a new field of knowledge: computational science. In inte- raction with other scientific disciplines, computational science offers new concepts, languages, methods and subjects for study that open new perspectives in the understanding of complex phenomena. High Performance Computing is a The work of this laboratory focuses Eventually, in order to boost techno- strategic topic for Inria, about thirty on development of algorithms and logy transfer from public research to Inria research teams are involved. software for computers at the peta- industry, which is part of Inria’s core flop scale and beyond. The laborato- mission, the institute has launched Inria has thus established large ry’s researchers carry out their work an «SME go HPC» Program, together scale strategic partnerships with- as part of the Blue Waters project. with GENCI, OSEO and four French Bull for the design of future HPC industry clusters (Aerospace Valley, architectures and with EDF R&D fo- It is also noteworthy that several Axelera, Minalogic, Systematic). cused on high performance simulation former Inria spin-off companies have The objective of the Program is to for energy applications. developed their business on this mar- bring high level expertise to SMEs wil- ket, such as Kerlabs, Caps Enterprise, ling to move to Simulation and HPC as At the international level, Inria and the Activeon or Sysfera. -
Chinese Supercomputer Emerges at Head of Latest Top500 List
From SIAM News, Volume 43, Number 10, December 2010 Chinese Supercomputer Emerges at Head of Latest Top500 List From time to time, announcement of the top 500 supercomputers in the world, a highlight of the annual Supercomputing conference, contains an element of drama. Release of the latest list at SC 2010 (New Orleans, November 13–19) is such an instance. Of the top five computers on the list, two are from China, two are from the U.S., and one is from Japan. Number 1, as predicted with near certainty two weeks in advance of the official announcement in an article in The New York Times, is the Tianhe-1A, located at the National Supercomputing Center in Tianjin, China. With sustained performance of 2.57 petaflop/s (46% faster than the Jaguar at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the previous number 1 system), the Tianhe-1A has captured the attention of those who use, analyze, create, and fund supercomputers. Making the prediction was Jack Dongarra, director of the Innovative Computing Laboratory at the University of Tennessee. The Tianhe “blows away the existing No. 1 machine,” he told the Times reporter. “It is unlikely that we will see a system that is faster soon.” At the beginning of November, with the official release of the list still two weeks away, Dongarra, who also has an appointment at Oak Ridge National Lab and the University of Manchester and has been the driving force behind the twice yearly Top500 list since its 1993 founding, spoke to SIAM News by phone about the Chinese supercomputer and its implications.