Justificatory Fables of Ordoliberalism: Laissez-Faire and the “Third Way”
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Liberalism, Social Democracy, and Tom Kent Kenneth C
Liberalism, Social Democracy, and Tom Kent Kenneth C. Dewar Journal of Canadian Studies/Revue d'études canadiennes, Volume 53, Number/numéro 1, Winter/hiver 2019, pp. 178-196 (Article) Published by University of Toronto Press For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/719555 Access provided by Mount Saint Vincent University (19 Mar 2019 13:29 GMT) Journal of Canadian Studies • Revue d’études canadiennes Liberalism, Social Democracy, and Tom Kent KENNETH C. DEWAR Abstract: This article argues that the lines separating different modes of thought on the centre-left of the political spectrum—liberalism, social democracy, and socialism, broadly speaking—are permeable, and that they share many features in common. The example of Tom Kent illustrates the argument. A leading adviser to Lester B. Pearson and the Liberal Party from the late 1950s to the early 1970s, Kent argued for expanding social security in a way that had a number of affinities with social democracy. In his paper for the Study Conference on National Problems in 1960, where he set out his philosophy of social security, and in his actions as an adviser to the Pearson government, he supported social assis- tance, universal contributory pensions, and national, comprehensive medical insurance. In close asso- ciation with his philosophy, he also believed that political parties were instruments of policy-making. Keywords: political ideas, Canada, twentieth century, liberalism, social democracy Résumé : Cet article soutient que les lignes séparant les différents modes de pensée du centre gauche de l’éventail politique — libéralisme, social-démocratie et socialisme, généralement parlant — sont perméables et qu’ils partagent de nombreuses caractéristiques. -
German Political and Economic Ideology in the Twentieth Century
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CULTURAL AND POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY https://doi.org/10.1080/23254823.2018.1559745 German political and economic ideology in the twentieth century and its theological problems: The Lutheran genealogy of ordoliberalism Troels Krarup Department of Sociology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark ABSTRACT Ordoliberalism is widely considered to be the dominant ideology of the German political elite today and consequently responsible at least in part for its hard ‘austerity’ line during the recent Eurozone crisis. This article presents a genealogy of the main concerns, concepts and problems around which early German ordoliberalism was formed and structured as a political and economic ideology. Early ordoliberalism is shown to be rooted in an interwar Germanophone Lutheran Evangelical tradition of anti-humanist ‘political ethics’. Its specific conceptions of the market, the state, the individual, freedom and duty were developed on a Lutheran Evangelical basis. Analytically, the article considers ideological influences of theology on political and economic theory not so much in terms of consensus and ideational overlap, but rather in terms of shared concerns, concepts and problems across different positions. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 18 March 2018; Accepted 10 December 2018 KEYWORDS Ordoliberalism; ideology; Europe; economic thought; religion; genealogy JEL Classification A12 relation of economics to other disciplines; A13 relation of economics to social values; B29 history of economic thought since 1925: other 1. Introduction: unity and variety in neoliberalism In Colombel’s(1994, p. 128) accurate rephrasing of Foucault’s(1993, p. 35) ‘history of the present’, genealogy is ‘the history of a problem of which the present relevance must be assessed’. One such problem, one that is of major political, cultural and sociological interest in Europe today, relates to the particular German tradition of economic and political thinking termed ordoliberalism. -
On Adam Smith, Karl Marx and Social Enterprise
A Third Way Out?— On Adam Smith, Karl Marx and Social Enterprise Chik Ho Ning Cultural Management, Chung Chi College Social enterprise is a rising form of business which strives for common good as an ultimate purpose. The Social Enterprise Alliance in Hong Kong stresses three characteristics of social enterprises: addressing social needs and serving the common good, using commercial activity as a strong revenue driver as compared to relying on donations, and holding the common good as the primary purpose (“The Case for Social Enterprise Alliance”). By another definition, provided by the Home Affairs Department of Hong Kong, a social enterprise strives for social goods in the area of providing service for the community while creating employment and training opportunities for the socially vulnerable. It is also important that social enterprises reinvest their earned profits for the social objectives, instead of distributing them to shareholders. (“What is Social Enterprise.”) One shall wonder, how does this relate to the existing business models and ideologies? In the following, I shall draw attention to ideas of Adam Smith and Karl Marx, and, in my wild imagination, their possible comments to social enterprises. Examples of social enterprises in Hong Kong shall be 26 與人文對話 In Dialogue with Humanity quoted. The essay will end with a discussion on social enterprises as “the third way”. On Adam Smith and Social Enterprise Smith is honoured as the Father of Economy, and his ideology drives the operation of a capitalistic society. In The Wealth of Nations, he emphasises the activities in a free market, driven by self-interest of individuals and led by an “invisible hand”. -
The „Consumer Choice“ Paradigm in German Ordoliberalism and Its Impact Upon EU Competition Law
Discussion Paper No 1/14 The „Consumer Choice“ Paradigm in German Ordoliberalism and its Impact upon EU Competition Law Peter Behrens March 2014 Discussion Paper No 1/14 Europa-Kolleg Hamburg Institute for European Integration The Europa-Kolleg Hamburg is a private law foundation. The foundation has the objective of furthering research and academic teachings in the area of European integration and inter- national cooperation. The Institute for European Integration, an academic institution at the University of Hamburg, constitutes the organisational framework for the academic activities of the Europa-Kolleg. The Discussion Papers are designed to make results of research activities pursued at the Institute for European Integration accessible for the public. The views expressed in these papers are those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect positions shared by the Institute for European Integration. Please address any comments that you may want to make directly to the author. Editor: Europa-Kolleg Hamburg Institute for European Integration Prof. Dr. Markus Kotzur, LL.M. (Duke) (managing director), Dr. Konrad Lammers (research director) Windmühlenweg 27 22607 Hamburg, Germany http://www.europa-kolleg-hamburg.de Please quote as follows: Europa-Kolleg Hamburg, Institute for European Integration, Discussion Paper No 1/14, http://www.europa-kolleg-hamburg.de 2 Discussion Paper No 1/14 The „Consumer Choice“ Paradigm in German Ordoliberalism and its Impact upon EU Competition Law Peter Behrens* Abstract This paper explores the origin and development of the "consumer choice" paradigm as the core concept of German ordoliberal thought which has had a strong impact on EU competition policy and law. -
Rethinking the French Liberal Moment: Some Thoughts on the Heterogeneous Origins of Lefort and Gauchet's Social Philosophy
CHAPTER 3 Rethinking the French Liberal Moment: Some Thoughts on the Heterogeneous Origins of Lefort and Gauchet’s Social Philosophy Noah Rosenblum ecent scholarship has taken an interest in the renaissance of French liberal thought in the second half of the twentieth century. This R“French liberal revival” has swept up scholars and commentators alike, and is often thought to include the important French philosophers Claude Lefort and Marcel Gauchet. But, as work in intellectual history has shown,1 the term sits uneasily on at least these two. On close examination, we see that some of their mature thought is only ambiguously committed to liberal goals and rests on complex philosophical premises that are incompatible with some traditional liberal arguments. Tracing aspects of their social thought back to its roots reveals how deeply opposed to liberalism some of their premises were and helps us see how they carried illiberal ideas forward into new contexts. This forces us to take a new perspective on at least this piece of the twentieth century’s French liberal moment, revising accepted stories of its origins and meaning. Recognizing the heterogeneous sources of their argument leads us to appreciate Lefort and Gauchet’s creative work of reconstruction and resist the urge to canalize their powerful social philosophy. Conceptualizing the “French Liberal Revival” In a purely analytic sense, we can understand the idea of a “French liberal revival” in two different ways. The phrase describes, first, a new or renewed interest in traditional liberal themes by thinkers writing in French. We can S. W. Sawyer et al. -
American Civil Associations and the Growth of American Government: an Appraisal of Alexis De Tocqueville’S Democracy in America (1835-1840) Applied to Franklin D
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2-2017 American Civil Associations and the Growth of American Government: An Appraisal of Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America (1835-1840) Applied to Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal and the Post-World War II Welfare State John P. Varacalli The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1828 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] AMERICAN CIVIL ASSOCIATIONS AND THE GROWTH OF AMERICAN GOVERNMENT: AN APPRAISAL OF ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE’S DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA (1835- 1840) APPLIED TO FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT’S NEW DEAL AND THE POST-WORLD WAR II WELFARE STATE by JOHN P. VARACALLI A master’s thesis submitted to the Graduate Program in Liberal Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, The City University of New York 2017 © 2017 JOHN P. VARACALLI All Rights Reserved ii American Civil Associations and the Growth of American Government: An Appraisal of Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America (1835-1840) Applied to Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal and the Post World War II Welfare State by John P. Varacalli The manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Liberal Studies in satisfaction of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Arts ______________________ __________________________________________ Date David Gordon Thesis Advisor ______________________ __________________________________________ Date Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis Acting Executive Officer THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT American Civil Associations and the Growth of American Government: An Appraisal of Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America (1835-1840) Applied to Franklin D. -
Political Polarization in the United States and Canada by Philip Carl Salzman
(EF24) FEBRUARY 2018 Political Polarization in the United States and Canada By Philip Carl Salzman Political polarization in both the United States and Canada seems to increase every year. Those on the left appear to move ever farther to the left; while those on the right find less and less in common with their fellow citizens. The political rhetoric has, in fact, escalated to a toxic level. From the highest political level in the U.S. half of American citizens are labelled sexist, racist, homophobic, and Islamophobic, a basket of deplorables,1 redneck failures who cling to their guns, fundamentalist religion, and fear,2 and white supremacists. American opponents of the progressive left view it as consisting of traitors of America, betrayers of Western civilization, haters of Christianity and apologists for Islam, violators of the Constitution, advocates of open borders who wish to bring a flood of Third World immigrants, even those dedicated to destroying the West, enemies of capitalism who openly revere socialism, and champions of a dominant state apparatus that aims at suppressing freedom. Canada is also increasingly polarized along the same lines, with Parliament denouncing the non-existent psychiatric condition “Islamophobia” in order to suppress criticism of Islam, the press driving out conservatives, such as Kellie Leitch, whose advocacy of “so-called “Canadian values,” [was] widely viewed as anti-immigrant and nativist,”3 as racists and fascists, and with “Human Rights Commissions and Tribunals” suppressing speech that hurts someone’s feelings. In Canada too, at the highest political level, Canada’s heritage in Western Civilization is denied4 in favour of “diversity,”5 and minorities favoured over majorities. -
The Third Way and the Governance of the Social in Britain Jérôme Tournadre
The Third Way and the governance of the social in Britain Jérôme Tournadre To cite this version: Jérôme Tournadre. The Third Way and the governance of the social in Britain. A city of one’s own, Ashgate, pp.201-212, 2008. halshs-00649541 HAL Id: halshs-00649541 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00649541 Submitted on 9 Dec 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. CHAPTER TWELVE The ‘Third Way’ and the Governance of the Social in Britain Jérôme Tournadre-Plancq Regardless of the ‘world of Welfare’ in which it functions - to use the term coined by Gøsta Esping-Andersen (Esping-Andersen 1990) - the State has, during a large part of the twentieth century, come to play an essential role in the handling of welfare in liberal democracies. This does not mean that its role amounts to exercising a monopoly. Providing a counterweight to the market in the social-democratic ‘compromise’, the Welfare State often emerges, in the political reflection of the majority of the post-war centre-left, as the most reliable guarantor for the common good. The Social (Donzelot 1984) is then considered as the best way to reinforce this idea. -
Frances Trollope, Harriet Martineau, Charles Dickens and Their Perspective on the Mississippi River and the Niagara Falls
European Joint Master’s Degree – Second Cycle (D.M. 270/2004) in English and American Studies Final Thesis A British Glance over the American Landscape: Frances Trollope, Harriet Martineau, Charles Dickens and their perspective on the Mississippi River and the Niagara Falls Supervisor Ch.ma Prof.ssa Emma Sdegno Ch.mo Prof. Christoph Houswitschka University of Bamberg Graduand Eleonora Arduini Matriculation Number 848553 Academic Year 2014 / 2015 Table of Contents Introduction.................................................................................................................................3 1. Leaving England.....................................................................................................................6 1. 1 Point of view.................................................................................................................6 1.1.1 Travel Books as Narratives..................................................................................8 1.1.2 The Narrator..........................................................................................................9 1. 2 Travel writers................................................................................................................15 1.2.1 The Rise of Women Travel Writing.....................................................................15 1. 3 British Travel Writing: its Development in 19th century England ..............................21 1.3.1 Why Leaving England?.......................................................................................23 -
The Martineau Society
The Martineau Society Newsletter No. 36 January 2015 President: Prof. Ruth Watts Chairperson: Prof. John Vint Secretary: Dr. Sharon Connor Minutes Secretary: Mr. David Hamilton Treasurer: Mrs. Dee Fowles Society. Administrator: Prof. Gaby Weiner Newsletter Editor: Mr. Bruce Chilton Newsletter Administrator: Prof: Valerie Sanders Contents Page Editor’s Note 2 “Harriet Martineau, Margaret Oliphant, and That Review” 3 by Valerie Sanders “Harriet Martineau on Proper Dress for Victorian Females” 10 by Elisabeth Sanders Arbuckle “Harriet Martineau’s Illustrations of Political Economy: Her style of 19 writing on political economy” by Keiko Funaki “Harriet Martineau and Erasmus Darwin: Just Good Friends” 28 by Stuart Hobday List of Recent New Members 34 Martineau Society Contact Information 34 Postscript 35 1 ********** Martineau Society Subscription Information: Yearly subscriptions are due on January 1st. * UK: Individual members £20 // Concessionary rate £10 // Institutional membership £45. Life membership rate is £200. * Overseas: Individual members $37.50 // Concessionary rate $25. This may be paid in dollars to Prof. Elisabeth Arbuckle, Condo. Montebello M526 Trujillo Alto PR00976 USA ********** Editor’s Note It is surprising how often one falls on references to Harriet and James Martineau in present-day newspapers and publications. That Harriet is becoming more widely known is clear. No doubt this is with the help of Ali Smith and Kate Mosse, both prominent modern writers and the first celebrities to give the annual Martineau Lectures organised by the Writers’ Centre Norwich. Harriet has popped up in The Independent in an article “How the provinces rebelled when a Westminster elite blocked reform of Parliament”. The quote from Harriet was “.. -
Harriet Martineau and Ireland Brian Conway University of Nebraska-Lincoln
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Sociology Department, Faculty Publications Sociology, Department of 2009 Harriet Martineau and Ireland Brian Conway University of Nebraska-Lincoln Michael R. Hill University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/sociologyfacpub Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, and the Social Psychology and Interaction Commons Conway, Brian and Hill, Michael R., "Harriet Martineau and Ireland" (2009). Sociology Department, Faculty Publications. 361. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/sociologyfacpub/361 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Sociology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sociology Department, Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Conway, Brian and Michael R. Hill. 2009. “Harriet Martineau and Ireland.” Pp. 47-66 in Social Thought on Ireland in the Nineteenth Century, edited by Séamas Ó Síocháin. Dublin, Ireland: University College Dublin Press. inlay CHAPTER 4 ioo: reform and the integrity of the empire, io. and Its Remedy. [1346] Shannon: Irish Harriet Martineau and Ireland [-ondon: Routledge. i. ^\[ill on Ireland', Historical 26, Journal, * BrianConway andMichael R. Hill INTRODUCTION The Victorian sociologist-novelist Harriet Martineau visited Ireland on two different occasions, first in r83z and again, twenty years later, in 1852, just six years after the Great Famine of 1846, when the country was still very much visibly affected by that event. Her latter journey covered some r)2oo miles and encompassed all four provinces that make up the island of Ireland, north and south. -
Harriet Martineau's Political Economy A
HARRIET MARTINEAU’S POLITICAL ECONOMY A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE LIBERAL ARTS IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF HISTORY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY BY ASHLEY NICOLE NELSON EDMOND, OKLAHOMA JUNE 2012 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Chapter 1. Historiography 5 Chapter 2. The Social and Political Conditions of pre-Victorian England 24 Chapter 3. Harriet Martineau: Popularizer, Propagandist, and Political Economist 57 Chapter 4. Harriet Martineau, “the Devil,” and Political Economy 87 CONCLUSION 122 BIBLIOGRAPHY 124 ii 1 INTRODUCTION The year is 1834, in the wake of Industrial Revolution England. With the sudden influx of industrial boomtowns and the burgeoning demands of the newly rising industrial middle class, economic and social tides had shifted dramatically. Indeed, political change was manifest. While the bourgeois class rose in financial prosperity and social mobility, the deplorable conditions of the working class and the poor were exacerbated. In an effort to explain and justify the rampant economic inequality extending from industrialization, several theorists from the capitalist class sought to develop and establish a branch of science known as political economy. These theorists, such as Adam Smith, Jeremy Bentham, and Thomas R. Malthus, would come to influence political and socioeconomic discourse well into the nineteenth century. While each of these three political economists differed in their particular explanation of the science of wealth, they each acknowledged the view that financial independence was the only means to achieve true individual liberation. For instance, Smith argued that economic individuality achieved through labor was the ultimate evidence of progress, but certain members of society were destined to remain poor.