The Study of biology (age, feeding and, reproduction of Rutilus rutilus caspicus in south coast of the Caspian Sea (Iranian waters)
Item Type monograph
Authors Bandani, Gh.A.; Bagherzadeh, F.; Keymaram, F.; Yelghi, S.; Parafkandeh, F.; Larijani, M.; Ghorbani, R.; Tavakoli, M.; Ghasemi, Sh.; Sayad Rahim, M.; Noroozi, H.; Sabkara, J.; Daryanabard, R.; Ghadirnezhad, H.
Publisher Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
Download date 09/10/2021 23:52:15
Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/39962
وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﺞﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر – ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ
ﻋﻨﻮان: ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي (ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ، ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي و رﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ Rutilus rutilus caspius ) درآﺑﻬﺎي اﻳﺮاﻧﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب ﺧﺰر
ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل : ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ
ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ 46112
وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﭻ ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر- ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ
ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻠﻲ : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي (ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ، ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي و رﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ Rutilus rutilus caspius ) درآﺑﻬﺎي اﻳﺮاﻧﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب ﺧﺰر ﺷﻤﺎره ﻣﺼﻮب ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻠﻲ : 89069 0-77-12- ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه/ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن : ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ( اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ و ﻃﺮﺣﻬﺎي ﻣﻠﻲ و ﻣﺸﺘﺮك دارد ) : ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي (اﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ): ﻛﻴﻮان ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ (ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه آﺑﺰي ﭘﺮوري آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ ) ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎر(ان) : ﻣﺤﻤﻮد ﺗﻮﻛﻠﻲ-ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﻳﻠﻘﻲ – ﻫﻴﺎت ا... ﻧﻮروزي - ﻓﺮاﻣﺮز ﺑﺎﻗﺮ زاده – ﻓﺮﻫﺎد ﻛﻴﻤﺮام – ﻓﺮخ ﭘﺮاﻓﻜﻨﺪه - ﺷﻬﺮام ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻲ- رﺳﻮل ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﻲ – ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ﺻﻴﺎد رﺣﻴﻢ - ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻻرﻳﺠﺎﻧﻲ- ﺟﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺒﻚ آرا - رﺿﺎ درﻳﺎﻧﺒﺮد- ﺣﺴﻦ ﻗﺪﻳﺮ ﻧﮋاد ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺸﺎور(ان) : - ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﺎﻇﺮ(ان) : ﺷﻬﺮام ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻤﻠﻜﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ اﺟﺮا : اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺷﺮوع : 89/8/1 ﻣﺪت اﺟﺮا : 3 ﺳﺎل ﻧﺎﺷﺮ : ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر : ﺳﺎل 1395 ﺣﻖ ﭼﺎپ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﺤﻔﻮظ اﺳﺖ . ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ، ﺗﺼﺎوﻳﺮ ، ﺟﺪاول ، ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻫﺎ و ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ذﻛﺮ ﻣﺄﺧﺬ ﺑﻼﻣﺎﻧﻊ اﺳﺖ .
«ﺳﻮاﺑﻖ ﻃﺮح ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮوژه و ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل / ﻣﺠﺮي»
ﭘﺮوژه ﻣﻠﻲ : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي (ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ، ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي و رﺷﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ
Rutilus rutilus caspius )درآﺑﻬﺎي اﻳﺮاﻧﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب ﺧﺰر
ﻛﺪ ﻣﺼﻮب : 0-77-12-89069
ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ (ﻓﺮوﺳﺖ) : 46112 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ : 93/8/7
ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺟﻨﺎب آﻗﺎي ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ داراي ﻣﺪرك ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻠﻲ
ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ارﺷﺪ در رﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻴﻼت ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ داوران ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي و ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن در
ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ 27/3/93 ﻣﻮرد ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ و رﺗﺒﻪ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ.
در زﻣﺎن اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه، ﻣﺠﺮي در :
ﺳﺘﺎد □ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه □ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ █ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه □
ﺑﺎ ﺳﻤﺖ رﺋﻴﺲ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي و ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن در ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت
ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.
ﻋﻨﻮان « ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺪرﺟﺎت » ﺻﻔﺤﻪ
ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ...... 1 1-ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ...... 2 1-1 - ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ...... 3 2-1 -ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ...... 5 3-1 - ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ...... 6 4-1 - ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺻﻴﺪ ...... 7 5-1 - زﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ...... 8 6-1 - ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي ...... 8 7-1 - اﻛﻮﻟﻮژيِ ...... 9 2- ﻣﻮاد و روﺷﻬﺎ ...... 11 1-2 - روش ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ...... 11 3- ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ...... 15 1-3 - ﺻﻴﺪ ...... 15 2-3 - زﻳﺴﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﻲ ...... 16 3-3 - راﺑﻄﻪ ﻃﻮل و وزن ...... 17 4-3 - ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺳﻨﻲ ...... 18 5-3 - رﺷﺪ ...... 19 6-3 - ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﭼﺎﻗﻲ ...... 20 7-3 - ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﻲ ...... 21 8-3 - ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻏﺪدﺟﻨﺴﻲ ...... 22 9-3 - ﻫﻢ آوري وراﺑﻄﻪ آن ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮل و وزن ...... 25 10-3- ﻃﻮل اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﻠﻮغ ﺟﻨﺴﻲ (L.M.50) ...... 26 11-3- ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ...... 28 4- ﺑﺤﺚ ...... 32 5- ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي ...... 37 ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ...... 38 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ...... 41
ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../١
(Rutilus rutilus caspicus(L.)) . 10 . . . . . ) 29 29 12 5/ 5/ . ( . 210 17 2/ 23 10 5/ 293 28/3 75/3 25/3 02/3 b . 1 4 . 50 . 23196 7260 . . 145 139 : . L(t) = 20 49/ 1(* exp 53/0 ( ( t )1 L(t) = 30 94/ 1(* exp 42/0 ( ( t 18/0 ) . ( ) : . ٢ / ارش ح
1 . 550 220 1200 436000 12 10 . 77000 . 1000 770 ( 1929 ) ( ) 28 26 100 . . 70 ( 1981 ) . ( ) Rutilus rutilus caspicus ratio parvadin knipowisitschi . ( ) ( 1997 . ) ( ) ( ) 1382 . 900 . . . . . IUCN 1999 . .( Appleford et al ., 1998) Appleford et al., ) .( Crook&Robertson, 1999 ) ( McDowall et al., 1996 ) ( 1998 ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../٣
( Lam, 1983 ) . ( ) . 1 1 1377 ( 1380) (Rutilus rutilus caspicus ) . . . 10% 1.17 ♂: 1 ♀ . % 0,5 . (P<0/001) . . . 0,95 1,3 . 1382 . (Rutilus 98 rutilus ) . PIXE Br Zn, Cu , Fe, Sr, K . Zn, Cu, Fe, Sr, K Cu, Fe, Sr, K . ppm 6/2 1/0 3/0 178 1/7 3/ Zn . ppm ./ /5 3/0 2 11 7 9 1/ 0 5/ 3/ . (P<0.05) . (P<0.05) – – ٤ / ارش ح
(Rutilus rutilus caspicus ) 1383 . 306 240 ( ) . . . 3 5 . 8 + . 2 + + 2 1 + RAPD 1388 10 . ( ) . 94 ( 04/0 ) . . Arungen 1985 Jan henning 3 2 . 10 6 b Sanen 1986 Jfirg Meng Mfiller . : t0= 38/0 k= 4/0 L∞= 36 8/ : . 1987 t0=Vøllestad & L'Abée -Lund 15/0 k= 15/0 L∞= 40 19/ Arugen (Rutilus rutilus) 10 6 . . 2 3 (Rutilus Aydat 1994 Jamet ( 29% ) ( 39% 7/ ) rutilus ) . 4/2% . ( 15% 4/ ) 2 Alderfen 1985 1979 . 1990 Martin ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../٥
( 38 ±2 ) 1997 Kirjasniemi & Valtonen . 42% ( 38 ± 42% 2 ) Paijanne 50% Isojarvi 1994 Horppila . Vesijarvi . 1997 Kirjosnimi 40 . 40 Kestemon Meuse 1999 : . 2009 Geraudie . . 6 2 1
1 ٦ / ارش ح
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Genus: Rutilus
Species: Rutilus rutilus
( (Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007 50 (Muus and 25 48 39 . Dahlstrøm, 1968) 3 3 ) . 42 37 10 3 5 7 12 8 3 3 ) ( 12 8 7 8 2 ( 18 14 1 ) ( .(Berg, 1949 )
3 1 1889 . (Went, 1950). Black water (Gandolfi, 1991) . (Garibaldi, 1996) . ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../٧
(Thiel.. et .a l, 2003) . Elbe Neckar (Kottelat& Freyhof, 2007) .
( Kottelat and Freyhof 2007 ). (Rutilus rutilus ) ( 2) 4 1 10 . .
80 40 60 30 40 20 20
10 ( ) ( ) 0 0 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 30
20
10 ( ) 0
79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 ( 1) ٨ / ارش ح
5 1 . . (Froese and Pauly, 2010) . / Froese and . ( Pauly, 2010) . " . ( ) . . Abramis brama . .( Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007)). .( (Pinder, 2001) . 1 5/1 (Palomares, 1991). . subcarangiform Lebsko Gardno . (Zhukov, 1965) .( Hornatkiewicz-Zbik, 2003) /1 374 /1 295 6 1 . (Palomares, 1991) subcarangiform (Holcík et al., 1989). ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../٩
" 1 2 3 100 9 " ( September ) 12 . 10 5 " . (Zhukov, 1965) 77000 700 . (Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007) 12 . (Pinder, 2001 ) (Pinder, Gardno . (Zhukov, 1965) 5/1 1 . 2001) Lebsko . (Billard, 1997) 14 (Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007 ) 13 1972 Hensel Holcik 20 1995 Wüstemann and Kammerad . . " (Winfield and Winfield, 1992). . 7 1 5/1 20 . 31 . . . " . " ١٠ / ارش ح
. . . eutrophic mesotrophic " (Kottelat and Freyhof . 2007) . (Kottelat and . Freyhof, 2007). " ( Kestemont et al., 1999) . (Fitzmauric,1981 ). ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ١١
2 1 2 1 1 2 142 900 30 20 ) 1392 1391 ( 30 200 .( 3 ) . . س ١: ٠٠٠٠ ( ) 3
1 . 01/0 .( Jearld, 1983 ) 24 X . ١٢ / ارش ح
.( Ices, 1997 ) = b : (Santos et al., 2002) W afl – . a = b = fl =( ) W (Le Cren, 1951; Ricker, 1979) CF = . al b .( 1977 ) 2 1 2 1/0 (King,1995) 6 . 01/0 4 ) 53 /0 35/0 01/0 ( c C AF AF = × OW = = s . (Sivakumaran et al., 2003) ( ) = OW ( ) = S W ×100 (Billard et al., GSI = g gonadosomatic ratio GSR W ( ) W W = 1993) . g = ( ) ( )
Ms I =100 × M / M IG G g S (Fowler et al., 1999) . ( ) Mg ( M-Mg) 3 1 2 10% 6µm . . (. Smith & Walker , 2004 ) ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ١٣
4 1 2 . ( ) . ( 1379 ) (Biswas, 1992) ( numbric ) = Ni %Fi = (Ni / N)×100 i ( Fi ) ( Ai ) .( Ammundsen et al., 1996 ) = N (i) Σ Σ (i) = Si St Si/ %Ai= (i) .( Ammundsen et al., 1996 ) = St ( Ai) ( Fi) .( Costello, 1990 ) . = CV ( Euzen, 1987 ) CV = (Es / Ts)×100 . = Ts = Es Σ ( Marshal & Elliott, 1997 ) (Vi×Oi) Ip= Vi×Oi / ( ) Ip . = Oi = Vi 5 1 2
-k(t t- (B ertalanffy, 1957) Lt = L∞ (1 e- 0) L∞, K Analyes of length-at-age (Gayanilo et al ., 1997) FISAT2 ( t max ) ( t0) . data . (Pauly and Munro, 1983) Log (-to) = -0/3922 - 0/2752 log l ∞- 1/038 log K tmax =t o +3/K ( K, L ∞) : (Pauly, 1984) ǿ= ln k+2 ln l ∞ lm 50 .( Irodriguez-Cabello and Olaso, 1998 ) ١٤ / ارش ح
1 P = 1 + e −( A+ Bx ) B A x P : . SPSS g h2 h1 .( Ricker, 1979 )
Wi g = ln ═ g ═ (1) W ( ) Wi−1 l − l h = i i−1 ×100 (2) 1 l ═ ( ) h ═ li W −W h = i i−1 (3) 2 W ═ ( ) h ═ Wi ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ١٥
3 1 3 79 : 92 2 60 .
80 ن ز ران ن 70 60 50 40 30 20 ( ) 10 0 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91
ل (R.rutilus ) 2 : 92 79 85 80 2 . 89 86
ره ز
30 50000 25 40000 20 30000 15 20000 10 10000
( ) 5 ( ) 0 0 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91
ل (R.rutilus ) 3 ١٦ / ارش ح
2 3 232 191 : . 19 29 4/ 5/ 12 13 5/ 5/ 10 5/ : . . 20 23 4/ 12 5/ . 16 5/ . 20 5/ 18 5/
1
F sig a r b Se 106 13 50/ 29 50/ 36 50/ 293 /0 007 /96 25/3 * /0 081 1583 0/00
85 12 50/ 19 40/ 29 03/ 116 07/ /0 014 /904 02/3 /0 125 635 /35 0/00
191 12 50/ 29 50/ 29 03/ 293 /0 006 /907 29/3 * /0 001 2854 0/00 0 b * W=a×L b 2
F p a r b Se
* 140 10 5/ 23 0/ 17 27/ 210 20/ /0 000003 /98 28/3 /0 044 /2 0/00 0 * 5540 92 12 5/ 20 4/ 27 43/ 125 1/ /000000 6 /97 17/3 /0 076 /8 0/00 0 0 * 1716 232 10 5/ 23 0/ 17 27/ 210 /20 /0 000003 /98 28/3 02/0 /6 0/00 0 b 7401 * 1 : " 2 . 4( ) . ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ١٧
50 60 40 50 30 40 30 د د 20 10 20 10 0 0 10.5 12.5 14.5 16.5 18.5 20.5 22.5 24.5 26.5 28.5 30.5 10.5 12.5 14.5 16.5 18.5 20.5 22.5 24.5 26.5 28.5 30.5 ( ) ( ) (R.rutilus ) 4 : 3 3 – 25/3 02/3 (R= 94/0 96/0 ) b b p< 05/0 T= 39 16/ p< 05/0 T= 25 14/ p< 05/0 T= 41 43/ 28/3 75/3 (R= 97/0 98/0 ) 5 6.( ) p< 05/0 T= 74 43/
140 3/ 0324 yyy = 0.0138 xxx 120 600 3/ 2597 y = 0/0078 x 100 RRR = 0/94 NNN =85 500 80 400 R = 0/96 N = 106 وزن )
وزن )
300 60 م ( م 40 ( 200 20 100 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 10 20 30 40 ل ( ) ل ( ) (R.rutilus) – 5 :
150 250 3/ 2888 3/ 1715 y = 4E 06 x y = 6E 06 x 200 100 R N= R = 0/98 N =140 = 0/97 92 150
) 50 100 ) ( ) ( 50 0
0 0 50 100 150 200 250 0 50 100 150 200 250 ( ) ( ) (R.rutilus ) 6 : ١٨ / ارش ح
4 3 : 1 . 4 . 4 5 2 ( 94 ) 31 58 . 68 29 8/ 1/ 16 12 5/ 29 5/ 24 6/2 5 . 197 4/ 293 (R.rutilus ) 3 ( ) ( ) ± ± 49 /8 9/4 29 /1 68 /8 14 /6 0/8 12 5/ 16 31 58 1 89 /7±33 /6 45 206 /4 17 /6±1/5 16 22 47 /8 94 2 179 /9±39 /1 100 288 /2 21 /3±1/05 19 /5 23 /7 18 /6 36 3 ± ± 252 /8 39 /2 197 /4 293 25 /7 2/1 24 29 /5 2/6 5 4 : 2 . 4 29 7/ 69 . 86 34/ 17 27/ 17 10 6/ 5/ 2/5 4 12 2 105 70 67/ 23 15 9/ . 201 2/ ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ١٩
(R.rutilus ) 4
( ) ( ) 40 58/ ±13 6/ 17 27/ 86 34/ 13 8/ ±14 7/ 10 5/ 17 6/ 29 7/ 69 1 70 32/ ±19 3/ 44 59/ 132 76/ 16 7/ ±11 6/ 14 5/ 19 6/ 45 3/ 105 2 78 99/ ±22 5/ 52 01/ 162 3/ 17 0/ ±14 0/ 15 1/ 21 2/ 19 8/ 46 3 105 21/ ±37 2/ 70 67/ 201 2/ 18 8/ ±20 2/ 15 9/ 23 2/5 12 4 5 3 L∞ Analysis of length at age FiSAT t max 9/6 = t( 0 -= 18/0 ) 42/0 K 30 94/ ǿ= 60/2 87/0 ( M) . . 85/1 ( Z )
(R.rutilus ) ( ) 7
Analysis of length at FiSAT 91 92 t max = 6/4 ( t0 -= 1 ) 53/0 K 49/02 L∞ age ǿ= /2 34 76/0 ( M) . . 52/1 ( Z ) ٢٠ / ارش ح
(R.rutilus ) ( ) 8 6 3 p< 05/0 U= 40 /430 mann-whthney " p> 05/0 F= /1 799 " .p< 05/0 F= /3 815
(R. rutilus) 5 : ( ) * 0/806 1/478 49 /9 14 /7 49 /8 14 /6 1 0/796 1/472 119 /2 18 /5 89 /7 17 /6 2 0/847 1/ 714 170 /6 21 /2 180 21 /3 3 *0/ 672 1/415 235 25 /7 253 25 /7 4 * p< 05/0 F= 41 /348 ANOVA ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٢١
" F= /1 416 " . p> 05/0 .p< 05/0 F= /8 631
(R. rutilus) 6 : ( )
* 0/916 a 0/852 35 /8 13 /4 44 /8 14 /4 1 0/935 a b 0/882 74 /14 16 /7 59 /9 15 /7 2 0/925 b c 0/892 83 /2 17 /2 72 /8 16 /9 3 c0/920 105 /2 18 /3 4 * . 4 3
100 100 1 1 80 h h 80 60 60 40 40 20 20 ( ) 0 ( ) 0 0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4 ( ) ( ) (R.rutilus ) 9 7 3 : . 7(. ) ٢٢ / ارش ح
91 92 (R.rutilus .) 7 Sig ♂/ n n = ( ♀ ) ( ♂ ) ♀ 0/012 0/35 27 20 7 ♂ 0/000 0/001 25 24 1 0/25 7 0/60 28 11 17 ♂ 0/078 0/65 40 14 26 0/739 0/54 35 17 19 0/505 0/45 35 19 16 0/275 0/45 185 105 85 " . 8(. ) 91 92 (R.rutilus .) 8 Sig ♂/ n n = ( ♀ ) ( ♂ ) ♂ 0/000 1 3 0 3 ♂ 0/034 0/87 8 1 7 ♀ 0/000 0/263 95 70 25 1/000 0/5 44 22 22 1/000 0/5 10 5 5 1/000 0/45 20 10 10 0/096 0/61 52 20 32 0/115 0/44 232 128 104
8 3 (: Gonosomatic index ) GSI (R.rutilus ) GSI ) 1392 1391 17/0 08/0 /0 02 . 11(. ) . 07/0 ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٢٣
د - VI در ل - V ر - IV در ل ر ن -III رس - II رس - I
اد 20 24 11 14 17 20 100
80
60
40
20
0 ورد ا د ذر ن (R.rutilus ) 11
0.2
0.15
0.1 ) 0.05 GSI ( 0 (R. rutilus ) GSI 12 1391 (R.rutilus ) ( GSI ) GSI 1392 ( ) 10 2/ ( ) 5/0 GSI ( 12 ) . ٢٤ / ارش ح
د - VI در ل -V ر - IV در ل ر ن-III رس-II رس-I
11 21 20 8 10 20 52 100 80 60 40 20 در اوا 0 ارد ورد ا د ذر (R.rutilus ) 13
12
10
8
6 ) 4 GSI ( 2
0 (R. rutilus ) GSI 14 :
0.30 0/20 0/12 0.25 0.20 0/13 0/09 0.15 Gi Gi Gi Gi 0/06 0.10 0/02 0.05 0.00 1 2 3 4 5 6
(R.rutilus ) GI 15 ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٢٥
9 3 9 . 1412 8/ 22/1 . 5891 6/ 121 4/ (R.rutilus ) 9 1 1 ( ) 20049 /1 268 /1 1951 /8 1/2 2 7260 /8 47 107 /4 1274 /8 0/7 ( n= 21) 12040 /1 160 /4 1627 /7 0/91 ±0/15 23196 /3 217 /1 1863 /6 1/5 3 7886 /1 95 106 /8 1182 /5 0/6 ( n= 15) 11914 /7 146 /6 1487 /3 0/981 ±0/17 19597 /5 216 /1 2250 /1 1/4 4 11532 /6 38 124 /1 1357 /1 0/95 ( n= 10) 15232 /0 167 /9 1626 /6 1/17 ±0/1 18 17 .( P< 05/0 ) ٢٦ / ارش ح
25000 25000 FL= 252.24*Fec - 30593 W= 160.34*Fec - 357.79 2 2 R = 0.6423 20000 R = 0.5679 20000 N=47 N=47 15000 15000 10000 10000 5000 5000 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 120 140 160 180 200 220 ( ) ( ) 18 17 :( LM %.50 ) 10 3 50 1 X P = 50 1 + e −( A+ Bx ) 19 ) . 145 139 20.( Lm = 100 50 139 90 80 aaa=3/5421 70 ه 60 bbb= 0/0303 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 ( ) 92 91 50% 19 50 20.( ) 146 ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٢٧
Lm 50 =145 100 90 aaa=11/179 ه 80 70 bbb= 0/0562 60 50 40 در 30 20 10 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 ل ( ) ( ) 91 92 50% 20 13 2/ 12 5/ 21( ). 1 +
5 30 28 5 30 4 26 28 24 4 26 3 22 24 20 3 22 2 18 20 16 2 18 1 14
( ) 16 12 1 14 ( ) 0 10 12 0 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ( ) (R.rutilus ) 21
14 5/ 14 1/ 22( ). 1 + 5 30 5 30 28 28 4 26 4 26 24 24 3 22 3 22 20 20 2 18 2 18 16 16
1 14 ( ) 1 14 ( ) 12 12 0 10 0 10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ( ) (R.rutilus ) 22 ٢٨ / ارش ح
11 3 52 85 43 72 25/6 . (R.rutilus ) 10 % 6/25 1 15 16 72 18 17 25 25 33 11 44 71 232 161 . 30 6/ . . (R.rutilus ) 11 % 33 /33 24 48 72 24 /00 12 38 50 31 /82 35 75 110 ( Ip ) ( Ai ) ( Fi ) : . . ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٢٩
(R.rutilus ) 12 Ip %A %F 35 /29 24 /5 12 3/92 4/1 8 43 /14 44 /9 8 4/90 10 /2 4 ( n 16= ) 2/94 6/1 4 9/80 10 /2 8 1/77 2/6 25 1/13 1/3 31 /8 96 /58 92 /9 38 /6 0/41 1/7 9/1 ( n 25= ) 0/03 0/5 2/3 0/02 0/3 2/3 0/06 0/5 4/5 0/17 0/7 12 /5 2/57 2/0 62 /5 95 /10 93 /3 50 /0 0/26 0/7 18 /8 1/85 2/9 31 /3 ( n 44= ) 0/06 0/4 6/3
100 و دا 100 ا 80 ا 60 ه 40
ه در اوا ه 20 د و ا ي ا
0 در اوا
در اوا ا 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 در 0 در ا ل 100 در ا ( ) ( ) 23 ٣٠ / ارش ح
. ( ) . ( Ip ) ( Ai ) ( Fi ) : . (R.rutilus ) 13
Ip %A %F 87 /5 44 /4 20 /51 8/3 12 /5 7/69 6/3 34 /7 64 /10 2/1 ( n 48= ) 8/3 7/69 4/2 13 /2 1/3 6/43 5/3 0/9 2/86 7/9 48 /5 36 /43 34 /2 3/2 15 /71 5/3 ( n 38= ) 18 /1 22 /14 21 /1 27 /7 15 /00 47 /4 0/3 1/43 5/3 6/7 3/4 8/75 10 /7 ( n 75= ) ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٣١
0/5 0/77 16 /0 77 /7 76 /68 28 /0 0/03 1/3 17 /1 12 /62 37 /3 1/3 0/92 40/0 0/1 0/24 10 /7
100 100 ا
80 ن اه 60
40 ز ي دو ا ن ه ن 20 ( ) ا در اوا ات در اوا ه ن ا 0 در 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 در ا ( و ع) 100 در ا ( ) ( ) 24 . ٣٢ / ارش ح
4 21 2 700 800 80 92 . 30 82 . 20 RAPD 88 . . (1378 ) : (Northcote,1978). . ... 3 . 19 4/ 12 5/ . 29 13 5/ 5/ 22 16 5/ 18 5/ 14 5/ 5/ . 29 13 5/ 19 5/ 12 4/ 5/ 22 16 5/ 18 5/ 5/ 14 5/ 81 . 18 17 6/ 17 16 1/ 82 ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٣٣
78 79 29 15 7/ 4/ 31 15 2/ 7/ 77 78 25 16 5/ 30 6/ 16 8/ 2 . " b 5 6 . b (Mfiller Rudolf and . . 8 9 Jfirg, 1986) 21 3/9 9/ 1 5 81 3 9 . 24 10 5/ 7/ 4 18 13 3/ 16 4/ 14 9/ 4/ . 1 2 . 7 8( ) 45% 47% 2 4 . 70% . 6/2 6/5 1 2 . . . 30 21( 19 ) Jan henning . Zhukov . 2 3 1980 8 . . 3 2 3 2 (1969) Nikolsky . ٣٤ / ارش ح
. Apine Sanen . (Volta and Jepsen , 2008) (Jfirg Meng and Mfiller , 1987) . ׳Φ ( ) L ∞ ( ) K ( ) T 0 36 /8 0/4 0/38 2/74 Sanen 40 /19 0/15 0/15 2/38 35 /7 0/29 0/40 2/55 Apine ׳ Φ Lago maggior )k (Chappaz et al. 1990; ) . ( ׳ = 43/2 Φ = 60/2 Guhtruf 2002 ׳ " . 53/0 42/0 k Φ " . " 21 9/ : . : 13/2 (. 1390 ) 6/9 28 25/ . ( ) (. 1379 ) 14 13 2007 (Kottelat and Freyhof ) Hensel Holcik 20 1995 Wüstemann and Kammerad 6/4 9/6 . 1972 ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٣٥
. 70 " . 1 + 2 3 3 Arungen 1980 Jan henning . 10 6 Meuse 1999 Kestemon . : . Perrine . 2009 Geraudie 6 ( 1380 ) 1377 . 15 12 13 14 . " 17/1 ♂ 1: ♀ ( 1380 ) . 1 ( 1991 ) Palomares . ( 1965 ) Zhukov 5/1 77000 700 /1 374 /1 295 Lebsko Gardno 45/1 9/0 ( 1380 ) . 2/1 . 98804 6275 23196 7260 " . 8 4 ٣٦ / ارش ح
" ( 1992 ) Winfield and Winfield . . Aydat 1994 Jamet ( 15% 4/ ) ( 29% ) ( 39% 7/ ) .. 4/2% 1994 Horppila . Vesijarvi . ( 2007 ) Kottelat and Freyhof " " " . ( Kangas et al, 1985). ( ) . . . ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٣٧
5 . 1 4 1 + . . .
٣٨ / ارش ح
: . . 1977 . . . . . . 610 . . 1379 . . (Rutilus rutilus caspius) .1388 . . RAPD ( . 1382 . (Rutilus rutilus) 3. . . 1380 . 6. 55 . . (Rutilus rutilus caspicus ) (Rutilus rutilus caspicus ) . 1383 . 4 .( ) . 1981 . . 1383,205 . 378 . . . 1378 . . . 1377 . 66 . . . . .1929 . 272 ) . 1997 . . . . . 1377 : .( . 44 . 1390 . - Ammundsen, P. A., Gabler, H. M., and Staldvik, F. J. 1996. A new approach to graphical analysis of feeding strategy from stomach content data–modification of the Costello (1990) method. J. Fish. Biol. 48: 607-614. - Appleford, P., Anderson, T. A and Gooley, G. J. 1998. Reproductive cycle and gonadal development of Macquarie perch, Macquarie Australasia Curvier (percichthy: data), in Lake Dartmouth and tributaries of the Muvray–Darling Basin, Victoria, Australia. Mar. Fresh. Res. 49:163-1690. - Berg,L.S.,1949. Fresh water fish of Iran and adjacent contries,Trudy Zool.inst,Akad,Nauk SSSR,8,783- 858.(inRussian) ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٣٩
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ر ژ ( ، ر و ر ه در .../ ٤١
Abstract The Caspian Sea is an important source of water in terms of having valuable resources of sturgeon and bony fish is taken into consideration roach( Rutilus rutilus caspicus (L.)) is one of the most important commercial species in the southern coast of the Caspian Sea in Iran , the catch of this species has declined substantially in the last 10 years, The management and exploitation need of comprehensive review of its biology .This study as part of a comprehensive study of feeding , spawning and growth of this species.In this study, using samples caught in beach seine along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea coastal ( Iranian waters ) took place . The fork length and total weight ranged between 12.5 to29.5(cm) and 29 to293( grm),10.5 to23(cm) and17.2 to21(grm) in Golestan and Gilan Province respectively. The b value of the length-weight relationship ranged 3.02 to 3.25 and 3.28 to 3.75 for female and male, in Golestan and Gilan Province respectively. The age composition of the catch was from 1 to 4 year in both Province, there was one spawning peak and Fecundity variations were high and ranged 7260 to 231965 eggs. Average growth in length was described with the Von Bertalanffy growth model: L (t) = 30.94(1-exp (0.42(t-0.18) and L (t) = 20.49(1-exp (0.53(t-1). The percent of empty stomach and prey dominant evaluated during different seasons by specific formula. Result showed that gastropod, Polychaete worms and molluscs were dominated and specific food items respectively. Shrimp, fish, insects, zooplankton and clams were scare of prey.
Key words: Rutilus rutlus , Caspian Sea, spawning, feeding, growth
Ministry of Jihad – e – Agriculture AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EDUCATION & EXTENSION ORGANIZATION IRANIAN FISHERIES SCIECNE RESEARCH INSTITUTE – Inland Waters Aquatics Stocks Research Center
Project Title : The Study of biology (age, feeding and, reproduction of (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) in south coast of the Caspian Sea (Iranian waters) Approved Number:0-77-12-89069 Author: Gholamali Bandani Project leader Researcher : Gholamali Bandani Author (province) : Keyvan Abbasi(Inland Waters Aquaculture Research Center) Collaborator(s) : F.Bagherzadeh,F,Keymaram,S.Yelghi,F.Parafkandeh,M.Larijani,R.Ghorbani,M.Tavak oli,Sh.Ghasemi,M.Sayad Rahim,H.Noroozi,J.Sabkara,R.Daryanabard,H.Ghadirnezhad Advisor(s):- Supervisor: Sh.Abdolmaleki Location of execution : Golestan province Date of Beginning : 2011 Period of execution : 3 Years Publisher : Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Date of publishing : 2016 All Right Reserved . No Part of this Publication May be Reproduced or Transmitted without indicating the Original Reference
MINISTRY OF JIHAD - E - AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EDUCATION & EXTENSION ORGANIZATION IRANIAN FISHERIES SCIECNE RESEARCH INSTITUTE - Inland Waters Aquatics Stocks Research Center
Project Title :
The Study of biology (age, feeding and, reproduction of (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) in south coast of the Caspian Sea (Iranian waters)
Project leader Researcher :
Gholamali Bandani
Register NO.
46112