Introduction to the Linux Command Line Interface (Presented Oct
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The Linux Command Line
The Linux Command Line Fifth Internet Edition William Shotts A LinuxCommand.org Book Copyright ©2008-2019, William E. Shotts, Jr. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No De- rivative Works 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit the link above or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042. A version of this book is also available in printed form, published by No Starch Press. Copies may be purchased wherever fine books are sold. No Starch Press also offers elec- tronic formats for popular e-readers. They can be reached at: https://www.nostarch.com. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners. This book is part of the LinuxCommand.org project, a site for Linux education and advo- cacy devoted to helping users of legacy operating systems migrate into the future. You may contact the LinuxCommand.org project at http://linuxcommand.org. Release History Version Date Description 19.01A January 28, 2019 Fifth Internet Edition (Corrected TOC) 19.01 January 17, 2019 Fifth Internet Edition. 17.10 October 19, 2017 Fourth Internet Edition. 16.07 July 28, 2016 Third Internet Edition. 13.07 July 6, 2013 Second Internet Edition. 09.12 December 14, 2009 First Internet Edition. Table of Contents Introduction....................................................................................................xvi Why Use the Command Line?......................................................................................xvi -
Programming Project #2 Due: Thursday, May 13Th, 2004, 11:59 Pm
CS155: Computer Security Spring 2004 Programming Project #2 Due: Thursday, May 13th, 2004, 11:59 pm 1 Introduction 1.1 Summary In this project, you will write Josh, the journaling operator shell. Josh is a setuid-root shell that allows users to undertake a subset of root’s capabilities. Your starting point is OSH, a minimal shell developed by Gunnar Ritter. You may work alone, or in pairs. You should not collaborate with others outside your group. You will use the Boxes system again. Remember to test your Josh in a closedbox. This as- signment specification is quite long, but much of it is intended to clarify points of confusion raised by previous years’ students. Please be sure to read it carefully before beginning to code. 1.2 The Problem As discussed in class, the classical Unix permissions model does not manage privilege delegation effectively. To perform routine administrative tasks (such as cleaning out the /tmp directory), one must possess the root password, and can therefore perform other, undesirable actions (such as reading users’ mail). This limitation manifests itself most acutely in large Unix installations, where there are typically many administrators tasked with various duties. Finer granularity of access is required for such systems, along with the ability to correctly log the important events for post-attack analysis. Various systems have been devised to overcome this limitation, and allow unprivileged users to un- dertake some subset of root’s capabilities. A commonly-used example is Sudo (http://www.sudo.ws/). We will take an approach more like that taken by OSH, the Operator Shell by Michael Neuman. -
Display Programming Guide
Serial text [Data] display Programming Guide [ Version 3.4 Firmware ] Issue 7 22 July 2014 This guide applies to the following models: BA488C - Panel mounted, Intrinsically Safe BA484D - Field mounted, Intrinsically Safe BA688C - Panel mounted, Safe Area BA684D - Field mounted, Safe Area Contents Introduction........................................................................................................................................................................1 What’s in this Programming Guide..............................................................................................................................1 What’s in the Instruction Manuals...............................................................................................................................1 What’s in the Modbus Interface Guide.........................................................................................................................1 Other sources of information........................................................................................................................................1 Enhanced Features........................................................................................................................................................2 Instrument Features...........................................................................................................................................................3 Display............................................................................................................................................................................3 -
ANSI® Programmer's Reference Manual Line Matrix Series Printers
ANSI® Programmer’s Reference Manual Line Matrix Series Printers Printronix, LLC makes no representations or warranties of any kind regarding this material, including, but not limited to, implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Printronix, LLC shall not be held responsible for errors contained herein or any omissions from this material or for any damages, whether direct, indirect, incidental or consequential, in connection with the furnishing, distribution, performance or use of this material. The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright. No part of this document may be reproduced, copied, translated or incorporated in any other material in any form or by any means, whether manual, graphic, electronic, mechanical or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Printronix, LLC Copyright © 1998, 2012 Printronix, LLC All rights reserved. Trademark Acknowledgements ANSI is a registered trademark of American National Standards Institute, Inc. Centronics is a registered trademark of Genicom Corporation. Dataproducts is a registered trademark of Dataproducts Corporation. Epson is a registered trademark of Seiko Epson Corporation. IBM and Proprinter are registered trademarks and PC-DOS is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. MS-DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Printronix, IGP, PGL, LinePrinter Plus, and PSA are registered trademarks of Printronix, LLC. QMS is a registered -
CP/M-80 Kaypro
$3.00 June-July 1985 . No. 24 TABLE OF CONTENTS C'ing Into Turbo Pascal ....................................... 4 Soldering: The First Steps. .. 36 Eight Inch Drives On The Kaypro .............................. 38 Kaypro BIOS Patch. .. 40 Alternative Power Supply For The Kaypro . .. 42 48 Lines On A BBI ........ .. 44 Adding An 8" SSSD Drive To A Morrow MD-2 ................... 50 Review: The Ztime-I .......................................... 55 BDOS Vectors (Mucking Around Inside CP1M) ................. 62 The Pascal Runoff 77 Regular Features The S-100 Bus 9 Technical Tips ........... 70 In The Public Domain... .. 13 Culture Corner. .. 76 C'ing Clearly ............ 16 The Xerox 820 Column ... 19 The Slicer Column ........ 24 Future Tense The KayproColumn ..... 33 Tidbits. .. .. 79 Pascal Procedures ........ 57 68000 Vrs. 80X86 .. ... 83 FORTH words 61 MSX In The USA . .. 84 On Your Own ........... 68 The Last Page ............ 88 NEW LOWER PRICES! NOW IN "UNKIT"* FORM TOO! "BIG BOARD II" 4 MHz Z80·A SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER WITH "SASI" HARD·DISK INTERFACE $795 ASSEMBLED & TESTED $545 "UNKIT"* $245 PC BOARD WITH 16 PARTS Jim Ferguson, the designer of the "Big Board" distributed by Digital SIZE: 8.75" X 15.5" Research Computers, has produced a stunning new computer that POWER: +5V @ 3A, +-12V @ 0.1A Cal-Tex Computers has been shipping for a year. Called "Big Board II", it has the following features: • "SASI" Interface for Winchester Disks Our "Big Board II" implements the Host portion of the "Shugart Associates Systems • 4 MHz Z80-A CPU and Peripheral Chips Interface." Adding a Winchester disk drive is no harder than attaching a floppy-disk The new Ferguson computer runs at 4 MHz. -
Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO
Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO Steven Pritchard Southern Illinois Linux Users Group [email protected] 3.1.5 Copyright © 2001−2002 by Steven Pritchard Copyright © 1997−1999 by Patrick Reijnen 2002−03−28 This document attempts to list most of the hardware known to be either supported or unsupported under Linux. Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO Table of Contents 1. Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1 1.1. Notes on binary−only drivers...........................................................................................................1 1.2. Notes on commercial drivers............................................................................................................1 1.3. System architectures.........................................................................................................................1 1.4. Related sources of information.........................................................................................................2 1.5. Known problems with this document...............................................................................................2 1.6. New versions of this document.........................................................................................................2 1.7. Feedback and corrections..................................................................................................................3 1.8. Acknowledgments.............................................................................................................................3 -
LG Programmer’S Reference Manual
LG Programmer’s Reference Manual Line Matrix Series Printers Trademark Acknowledgements ANSI is a registered trademark of American National Standards Institute, Inc. Code V is a trademark of Quality Micro Systems. Chatillon is a trademark of John Chatillon & Sons, Inc. Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. IGP is a registered trademark of Printronix, LLC. Intelligent Printer Data Stream and IPDS are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. LinePrinter Plus is a registered trademark of Printronix, LLC. MS-DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. PC-DOS is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. PGL is a registered trademark of Printronix, LLC. PrintNet is a registered trademark of Printronix, LLC. Printronix is a registered trademark of Printronix, LLC. PSA is a trademark of Printronix, LLC. QMS is a registered trademark of Quality Micro Systems. RibbonMinder is a trademark of Printronix, LLC. Torx is a registered trademark of Camcar/Textron Inc. Utica is a registered trademark of Cooper Power Tools. Printronix, LLC. makes no representations or warranties of any kind regarding this material, including, but not limited to, implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Printronix, LLC. shall not be held responsible for errors contained herein or any omissions from this material or for any damages, whether direct, indirect, incidental or consequential, in connection with the furnishing, distribution, performance or use of this material. The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright. No part of this document may be reproduced, copied, translated or incorporated in any other material in any form or by any means, whether manual, graphic, electronic, mechanical or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Printronix, LLC. -
The Linux Command Line
The Linux Command Line Second Internet Edition William E. Shotts, Jr. A LinuxCommand.org Book Copyright ©2008-2013, William E. Shotts, Jr. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No De- rivative Works 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit the link above or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Fran- cisco, California, 94105, USA. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners. This book is part of the LinuxCommand.org project, a site for Linux education and advo- cacy devoted to helping users of legacy operating systems migrate into the future. You may contact the LinuxCommand.org project at http://linuxcommand.org. This book is also available in printed form, published by No Starch Press and may be purchased wherever fine books are sold. No Starch Press also offers this book in elec- tronic formats for most popular e-readers: http://nostarch.com/tlcl.htm Release History Version Date Description 13.07 July 6, 2013 Second Internet Edition. 09.12 December 14, 2009 First Internet Edition. 09.11 November 19, 2009 Fourth draft with almost all reviewer feedback incorporated and edited through chapter 37. 09.10 October 3, 2009 Third draft with revised table formatting, partial application of reviewers feedback and edited through chapter 18. 09.08 August 12, 2009 Second draft incorporating the first editing pass. 09.07 July 18, 2009 Completed first draft. Table of Contents Introduction....................................................................................................xvi -
Processes in Linux/Unix
Processes in Linux/Unix A program/command when executed, a special instance is provided by the system to the process. This instance consists of all the services/resources that may be utilized by the process under execution. • Whenever a command is issued in unix/linux, it creates/starts a new process. For example, pwd when issued which is used to list the current directory location the user is in, a process starts. • Through a 5 digit ID number unix/linux keeps account of the processes, this number is call process id or pid. Each process in the system has a unique pid. • Used up pid’s can be used in again for a newer process since all the possible combinations are used. • At any point of time, no two processes with the same pid exist in the system because it is the pid that Unix uses to track each process. Initializing a process A process can be run in two ways: 1. Foreground Process : Every process when started runs in foreground by default, receives input from the keyboard and sends output to the screen. When issuing pwd command $ ls pwd Output: $ /home/geeksforgeeks/root When a command/process is running in the foreground and is taking a lot of time, no other processes can be run or started because the prompt would not be available until the program finishes processing and comes out. 2. Backround Process : It runs in the background without keyboard input and waits till keyboard input is required. Thus, other processes can be done in parallel with the process running in background since they do not have to wait for the previous process to be completed. -
△ Top △ △ Top △ the Ultimate Oldschool PC Font Pack (V1.0
│ ╒═ [✓] Text mode: ═╕ │ THE OLDSCHOOL PC FONT RESOURCE: [HOME] [THE FONTS!] [README] [PREVIEW│ │ 1 ] 2 [DOWNLOAD 3 4 5 ] 6 │ │ │ ╘════ IBM VGA8 ════╛ │ The Ultimate Oldschool PC Font Pack (v1.0) - Documentation Jump to: » About » Pack contents » Font sizes & display ○ Pixel & point sizes ○ Aspect ratio » Formats & encodings ○ Px437: TrueType (TTF), CP437 charset ○ Bm437: bitmap (FON), CP437 charset ○ PxPlus: TrueType (TTF) fonts, expanded charset » DOS character map ('Px437') notes » Extended Unicode character set ('PxPlus') notes » Misc. usage notes ○ Windows console / Command Prompt ○ Web usage ○ Rendering/anti-aliasing » Credits & acknowledgements ○ Thanks ○ Tools used » Contact » Legal stuff About ▲ Top ▲ The Ultimate Oldschool PC Font Pack started out with the idea of paying tribute to ancient PCs and their bitmapped, pre-GUI typography (if you can call it that). It was inspired by similar efforts that cover other vintage machines: classic system fonts from the Amiga, C64, Apple II, Mac, ZX Spectrum, Atari 8-bit/ST etc. are all celebrated. On the other hand, the IBM PC and its clones seem to get little love... except for that one VGA text mode font (which has been remade numerous times, to varying degrees of success). This collection is here to remedy that, and to bring you pixel-perfect remakes of various type styles from text-mode era PCs - in modern, multi-platform, Unicode-compatible TrueType form (plus straight bitmap versions). Although the goal is to make it a complete resource, the main focus is on hardware character sets: the kind that's located in a ROM chip on the system board or graphics card, which is what you'd see by default when working in text (or graphics) mode. -
Txwindows, a Multi-Platform Text Mode Windowing Library
TxWin, a multi platform text mode windowing library Jan van Wijk A library for development of text mode applications using a windowing system including menus, dialogs and more ... Presentation contents What & Why, text-mode windowing Main features of the Txwin library Some samples and demos Current shortcomings, future ... Availability and licencing TxWin 5.xx, a text mode windowing library © 2018 JvW What is ... A text mode windowing system (UI) A user interface based on the well-known principles of GUI's like Windows and OS2-PM, but operating entirely with text screen elements (ASCII, ANSI ...) Uses UI elements like windows, buttons, lists, menus, entry fields; Is operated using keyboard and mouse. As opposed to: Graphical User Interface (GUI) environments Simple STDIO based text applications that only use the keyboard and simple sequential output to the screen TxWin 5.xx, a text mode windowing library © 2018 JvW Why text mode windowing Portable to many platforms Fast, even on old hardware Works in minimal environments like boot diskettes/CDROM (OS2, DOS, Linux ...) Appeals to command line users TxWin 5.xx, a text mode windowing library © 2018 JvW Main features Multi-platform, currently available on: DOS, 32-bits, using a DOS-extender (DOS32A) OS/2, 32-bits only, OS/2 2.x and later, ArcaOS, eCS Windows 32-bit, XP and later (no 9x or NT4) Linux, works on most distributions, console or xterm MacOS, 64 bit runs in Terminal or iTerm, API much like OS2-PM or Windows Message based, extendable to a certain degree using -
Online Terminal Emulator Windows
Online Terminal Emulator Windows Andonis repossess disgracefully if versed Clemens bide or slurp. Rudimentary and spindle-legged Ashby never lark his human! Kendall remains credible after Ingamar rejigs supersensibly or panhandles any Narragansett. This one is a bit controversial. We have switched to semver. JSLinux also lets you upload files to a virtual machine. Communicating with hosts using telnet and Secure Shell is easy. Did we say it was fast? Glosbe, have to specify the IP address. Similarly, Russian, rsync and many more. PC computer behave like a real text terminal. As you might expect, viewers, and everything you type in one of them is broadcast to all the others. You are responsible for ensuring that you have the necessary permission to reuse any work on this site. The application is solely programmed from Windows operating system. This generally means that some type of firewall is blocking the UDP packets between the client and the server. If any of that is missed, feel free to use some of them and see which one fits as per the requirements. IP address of the server. Position the pointer in the title bar. Linux distribution package manager. Howto: What is Git and Github? Use system fonts or choose a custom font for your terminal. Honestly, fully configurable shortcuts, sorry for the confusion. All trademarks and registered trademarks appearing on oreilly. Terminator status bar opens a menu in which you can define groups of terminals, such as backing up data or searching for files that you can run from Cmd. Linux applications on Windows.