Index

A with patchy, partial regrowth , 207 Acne keloidalis nuchae , 332 pigtail regrowing hairs in , 218 Acquired hair shaft dystrophy Pohl-Pinkus constriction , 212 cicatricial alopecia , 41 regularly coiled hairs , 206 lichen planopilaris , 288 short damaged hair , 211 Acquired trichorrhexis nodosa , 163, 164 tapered hairs , 212, 215 Actinic keratosis (AK) trichorrhexis nodosa , 211, 216 nonpigmented , 422 trichoscopic features , 205, 206, 219 pigmented , 423 tulip hairs in , 216 Addison’s disease , 484, 492 upright regrowing hairs in , 217 AGA . See Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) vellus hairs in , 218 Air bubbles in vivo re fl ectance confocal microscopy (RCM) , 219 heavy vs. light pressure on dermoscope , 130 yellow dots , 57–60, 208, 209 in immersion fl uid , 129 zigzag hairs in , 216, 217 AK . See Actinic keratosis (AK) Alopecia areata incognita , 231, 246, 251 Algorithms dark lines in , 254 androgenetic alopecia , 453, 454 regrowing hairs , 252, 253 3-A system , 453–455 S-shaped hairs , 252, 253 cicatricial alopecia , 455 tadpole-like hairs , 253 clinical trials , 453 yellow dots , 62, 252, 254 differential diagnosis of , 453–455 Alopecia groenlandica . See Traction alopecia erythema , 456 Alopecia mucinosa monitoring , 454 general medicine , 488 noncicatricial alopecia systemic lymphoproliferative diseases , 476 diffuse , 454 Alopecia totalis , 207 focal , 455 Amicrobial pustulosis scaling , 456 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 92, 314 scalp psoriasis , 454, 456 general medicine , 485, 486 two-step method , 453 Amorphous hair residues, in trichotillomania , 268 VSCAPSI , 454, 456 Amorphous yellow areas in dissecting cellulitis , 88 Alopecia areata , 200 Anagen ef fl uvium alopecia totalis , 207 acute hair miniaturization , 246 in Asian patients , 433–437 alopecia areata incognita , 246, 251–254 black dots , 47, 50–52, 210 chemotherapy-induced alopecia , 246–249 broken hairs , 206, 211, 212 drug-induced hair loss , 245, 246 in children , 403, 406 loose anagen syndrome , 245, 248, 249 chronic , 205 short anagen syndrome , 245–246, 250 dark skin phototypes , 441, 444, 445 Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) dry trichoscopy vs. immersion fl uid , 128 algorithms , 453, 454 hair shafts Asian patients , 433, 437 broken hairs in , 20 clinical trials , 221, 224, 227 exclamation mark hairs in , 25 dark skin phototypes , 441, 443 -like hairs in , 23 differential diagnosis , 222 pigtail hairs in , 28 female , 223, 233 tapered hairs in , 24 frontal and occipital areas , 227, 233 trichoclasis , 19 hair shaft thickness heterogeneity , 17, 221, 224 trichoptilosis in , 18 hair transplantation , 347–350 of variable thickness , 215 honeycomb pigmentation , 81, 222, 231 micro–exclamation mark hairs in , 213, 214 lichen planopilaris mimicking , 281 monilethrix-like hairs , 212, 213 male pattern hair loss , 223 monilethrix-like phenomenon , 149, 150 monitoring , 221, 224, 227 monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 459, 464 monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 459

L. Rudnicka et al. (eds.), Atlas of Trichoscopy, 495 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-4486-1, © Springer-Verlag London 2012 496 Index

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) (cont .) nodular nonpigmented , 425 one-hair follicular units , 43, 222, 226, 227 super fi cial , 425 peripilar sign in , 82, 229, 230 Benign melanocytic tumors pinpoint white dots , 69 basal cell carcinoma , 411 senescent alopecia , 234 blue nevi , 411, 414 thin wavy hair in , 231 eclipse nevi , 413 trichoscopic features , 222, 232, 238 scalp nevi , 411–413 vellus hairs , 36, 221, 225, 226 Bentley-Phillips, B. , 22 yellow dots , 48, 49, 60, 61, 222, 228, 229 Björnstad, RT , 167 Angiosarcoma , 427, 428 Björnstad syndrome , 167 Anthralin therapy, dark skin phototypes , 444 Black dots , 47, 48 , 198, 199 in alopecia areata , 50–52, 210 in children , 403 artifacts , 133, 135, 139 Apple-jelly sign, sarcoidosis , 490 in Asian patients , 433–435 Arborizing vessels chemotherapy-induced alopecia , 247 in hair transplantation , 347, 349 in congenital hypotrichosis , 55 longstanding systemic sclerosis , 484 in dissecting cellulitis , 55, 334 seborrheic dermatitis , 375 in monilethrix and monilethrix-like congenital hypotrichosis , 56 thick, discoid lupus erythematosus , 304–308 on re fl ectance confocal microscopy , 56 thin , 101, 114, 375 tinea capitis , 363 Artifact, hair shaft , 129, 132 in trichomalacia , 54 Asian patients in trichoscopy , 71 alopecia areata , 433–437 in trichotillomania , 53–54, 270 androgenetic alopecia , 433, 437 Blister, autoimmune bullous diseases , 396 Asian skin , 433 Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome , 197, 198 black dots , 433–435 Block hairs , 38 broken hairs , 434, 435 Blood extravasations contact immunotherapy , 433, 437 monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 462 normal vertex scalp , 434 scalp psoriasis , 386 pigmented contact dermatitis , 437 Blood vessels , 121 short vellus hairs , 433, 436 arborizing vessels tapering hairs , 435 thick , 101 trichoscopic images , 433 thin , 101 vitiligo , 436 arrangement of , 95, 96 yellow dots , 434–436 blood extravasations from capillaries (splinter hemorrhages) , 102 Autoimmune bullous diseases comma vessels , 98 blister , 396 concentric perifollicular vessels , 102 Brunsting-Perry type pemphigoid , 391, crown-like arrangement , 105 392, 395 dotted vessels , 98, 99 cicatricial alopecia , 395, 397 dry trichoscopy vs. immersion fl uid , 127 dermatitis herpetiformis , 392, 397 folliculitis decalvans , 324–326, 328 dotted vessels , 394 glomerular (coiled) vessels , 104 elongated blood vessels , 394 hairpin (linear looped) vessels , 99, 100 epidermal detachment , 398 in healthy individual , 114 fried-egg sign , 392, 396 healthy scalp , 98, 107 pemphigoid , 391 heavy vs. light pressure on dermoscope , 131 pemphigus foliaceus , 391, 393 helical vessels , 103 pemphigus vulgaris , 391, 392 hemangioma , 107 polygonal white lamellar structures , 395 lace-like vessels , 104 scalp lesions , 391, 392 lichen planopilaris , 290–292 trichoscopy of , 392 milky red globules , 103 white lamellar structures , 394 red areas , 91 yellow dots , 394, 396 in scalp tumors , 107 serpentine vessels , 105 straight linear vessels , 100 B thick root-like vessels , 106 Bacterial folliculitis, yellow pustule , 89 trichoscopy , 97 Bamboo hair , 155 . See also Trichorrhexis invaginata vascular structures, visualization of , 95 in Netherton’s syndrome , 27 vessel net , 106 Bands Blue gray dots, dark skin phototypes , 442, 448 hair shafts , 15 Blue nevus, benign melanocytic tumors , 411, 414 pili annulati , 173–175 Blume-Peytavi, U. , 237 Baroni, A. , 320 Borkowska, B. , 4, 5 Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) Bowen’s disease, scalp psoriasis , 388 benign melanocytic tumors , 411 Brittle hair, in trichothiodystrophy , 183 blood vessels , 101, 107 Broken hairs , 181 Index 497

in alopecia areata , 211, 212 Comma hairs , 403, 404 shafts in trichorrhexis nodosa , 162 tinea capitis , 30, 362–364 in trichotillomania , 20, 260–262 Comma vessels , 98 Broom hairs , 40, 263 Common scalp nevi , 411, 412 in cicatricial alopecia , 39 Concentric perifollicular vessels , 102, 291 in noncicatricial alopecia , 39 Congenital hypotrichosis Brown areas , 83 black dots , 55 Brown-gray pigmentation , 243 monilethrix-like , 23, 148, 149 Brown perifollicular discoloration , 222, 229, 230 Congenital syndromes . See and brown-violet, in frontal fi brosing alopecia , 298 Congenital trichorrhexis nodosa , 161, 162 follicular units , 111, 113 Contact dermatitis , 377 Brown pigmentation , 243 Contact dermoscope , 3, 4, 121 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 83 Contact immunotherapy, Asian patients , 433, 437 Brown skin discoloration Corkscrew hairs, tinea capitis , 30, 362, 364, 365 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 312 Cosmetic hair fi bers , 138, 139 in lichen planopilaris , 289 Crab lice, parasitic scalp infections , 358 Brunsting-Perry type pemphigoid , 391, 392, 395 Crisóstomo, M.R. , 348 Crohn’s disease , 491 Curled hair shafts , 14 C Cutaneous clefts, dissecting cellulitis , 335 Cadaverized hairs . See Black dots Cutaneous sarcoidosis , 490 Camacho, F , 237 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma , 394 Carvajal syndrome , 179 general medicine , 487, 488 Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia , 441, 446 Chemotherapy-induced alopecia , 246–249 agents , 246 D black dots , 247 Dark lines hair shaft , 247 in alopecia areata incognita , 254 monilethrix-like hairs , 150 hair shafts , 37 partial hair regrowth in , 248 Dark skin phototypes Pohl-Pinkus constriction , 247 African American patients , 441, 442 yellow dots , 247, 249 alopecia areata , 441, 444, 445 Chew, A.L. , 295 androgenetic alopecia , 441, 443 Chiang, Y.Z. , 347 anthralin therapy , 444 Children blue gray dots , 442, 448 alopecia areata , 403, 406 central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia , 441, 446 aplasia cutis congenita , 403 characteristics , 441 congenital triangular alopecia , 407 discoid lupus erythematosus , 448, 449 dirty dots , 403, 404 eyebrows , 448 hair casts , 403 Fitzpatrick phototype VI , 442 idiopathic hair casts , 405, 406 folliculitis decalvans , 442, 449 pediculosis , 405 frontal fi brosing alopecia , 442, 448 pediculosis capitis , 403 lichen planopilaris scarring alopecia , 403 acute phase , 447 tinea capitis , 403, 404 classic , 441, 446 trichotillomania , 403, 408 clinical variant of , 442 Cicatricial alopecia , 8, 105, 273, 288 perifollicular distribution , 447 autoimmune bullous diseases , 395, 397 perifollicular pigmented network , 441 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 303, 305, 313, 314 pinpoint white dots , 441–443 fi brotic white dots , 65–67 starry sky pattern , 441 folliculitis decalvans , 319, 320, 322 target pattern , 441, 442 frontal fi brosing alopecia and , 295, 297, 299 traction alopecia , 445 hair shafts white dots , 444 acquired hair shaft dystrophy , 41 white halo , 442 broom hairs in , 39 yellow dots , 445 ingrowing scalp hair in , 42 Deloche, C. , 82 marginal , 274 Dental abnormalities, in ectodermal dysplasia , 193 monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 460 Dermatitis herpetiformis , 392 pili torti in , 170 Dermatomyositis , 484 pink areas in , 86 Dermoscope , 8 pseudopelade of Brocq , 339, 342, 343 contact , 3, 4 wavy, twisted hair , 181 digital , 3, 5, 6 white areas , 84 handheld , 3, 4, 6 Clear cell acanthoma, scalp psoriasis , 387 heavy vs. light pressure Coiled hairs, in trichotillomania , 29, 266, 267 air bubbles , 130 Comedonal lesions, systemic lymphoproliferative diseases , 479 blood vessels , 131 498 Index

Desmoglein 4 gene mutation , 145, 148, 149 in trichoscopy , 71 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, in trichotillomania , 53–54 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria, trichotillomania , 257 dirty , 133, 134 Diffuse scaling , 75–78 fi brotic white dots dry trichoscopy vs. immersion fl uid , 124 in cicatricial alopecia , 65–67 Digital dermoscope , 3, 5, 6 and pinpoint white dots , 68 Dirty dots , 133 hair dye , 134, 135 in children , 403, 404 pink and pink-brown dots in eyebrow area, frontal and hat fi bers , 134 fi brosing alopecia , 70–71 Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) , 105–107, 289 pinpoint white dots algorithms , 453 in androgenetic alopecia , 69 amicrobial pustule in , 92 on glabrous skin , 69 amicrobial pustulosis , 314 in healthy individual , 68, 69 blue-gray dots , 303, 304 red dots in discoid lupus erythematosus , 70 cicatricial alopecia , 303, 305, 313, 314 white dots , 48 dark skin phototypes , 448, 449 fi brotic , 49 differential diagnosis , 304 pinpoint , 49 diffuse white and yellow scaling with follicular in trichoscopy , 72 accentuation , 78 yellow dots , 47–48 early lesion , 304 in alopecia areata , 57–60 eyebrow area , 316 in alopecia areata incognita , 62 features , 304, 315 in androgenetic alopecia , 60, 61 fi brosis , 313, 314 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 62, 63 fi ne scaling in , 311 in dissecting cellulitis , 64 fi ne white scaling in , 77 keratotic , 48 red dots in , 48, 70, 313, 316 in pemphigus vulgaris , 65 scattered brown skin discoloration in active , 312 sebaceous , 49 scattered brown skin pigmentation , 83 in trichoscopy , 71 thick arborizing vessels , 304, 305 Dotted vessels , 98 in active , 307 with whitish halo , 99 forehead , 308 Drug-induced hair loss , 245, 246 vessel-hair test , 306 Dry trichoscopy , 282 in inactive , 308 vs. immersion fl uid thinned epidermis , 307 blood vessels , 127 yellow dot , 306 diffuse scaling , 124 trichoscopic pattern , 315 gray hair , 125, 126 whitish halo , 316 perifollicular scaling , 123 yellow dots , 62, 63, 303 yellow dots , 128 large , 309 monilethrix , 147 thin spider vessels in inactive , 310 trichorrhexis nodosa , 160, 164 yellow exudate in , 92 Duhring’s disease , 397 Dissecting cellulitis Duque-Estrada, B. , 304 amorphous yellow areas in , 88 black dots , 55, 334 cutaneous clefts , 335 E description , 331, 332 Eclipse nevi , 413 fi brosis , 336 Ectodermal dysplasia follicular occlusion tetrad , 331 in child, trichorrhexis nodosa , 164 perifollicular pustules , 333 dental abnormalities , 193 soap bubble dot , 333, 334 dry trichoscopy and immersion fl uid , 192 trichoscopy , 331, 332 gray hairs , 194 tufts , 331, 332, 335 hair in , 192 violaceous areas , 336 pili torti, in child , 170 yellow dots , 64, 333, 334 sparse hair and pili torti , 193 yellow structureless areas , 335 trichoscopy , 191 Dissecting folliculitis , 332 Empty hair follicles, telogen ef fl uvium , 239, 240, 244 DLE . See Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) Epidermal detachment Dots autoimmune bullous diseases , 398 black dots , 47, 48 herpes zoster , 85 in alopecia areata , 50–52 Epidermal hyperplasia , 80, 93 in congenital hypotrichosis , 55 in folliculitis decalvans, starburst sign , 326–328 in dissecting cellulitis , 55 Epidermal scaling , 73, 75 in monilethrix and monilethrix-like congenital Equipment, trichoscopy , 6–7 hypotrichosis , 56 Erythematous plaques on re fl ectance confocal microscopy , 56 scalp psoriasis , 381 in trichomalacia , 54 systemic lymphoproliferative diseases , 478 Index 499

Exclamation mark hairs , 12, 25, 267, 268 yellow exudate in , 91 alopecia areata , 213, 214, 219 yellowish tubular scaling with collar formation , 323 Eyebrow , 121, 140 yellow pustule in , 88 discoid lupus erythematosus , 316 Folliculitis, hair transplantation , 347, 350 in frontal fi brosing alopecia , 295 Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides, systemic gray dots , 301 lymphoproliferative diseases , 475, 478, 479 loss of , 295, 296, 300 FotoFinder Dermoscope , 17 pink and pink-brown dots in , 48, 70–71 Fractured hairs , 13 red dots , 300 Friar Tuck sign, in trichotillomania , 259 trichorhinophalangeal syndrome , 195, 197 Fried-egg sign, autoimmune bullous diseases , 392, 396 trichorrhexis invaginata , 154, 157, 158 Frontal area in trichothiodystrophy , 183 androgenetic alopecia , 227, 233 Eyelashes , 121, 140 average hair thickness , 112 hair shafts , 45 average percentage of follicular units , 112, 113 trichothiodystrophy , 183 full trichoscopy report , 469 trichotillomania of , 273 in healthy individual , 114 Frontal fi brosing alopecia (FFA) , 347 brown and brown-violet perifollicular discoloration , 298 F dark skin phototypes , 442, 448 Favus, tinea capitis , 361, 368 eyebrows , 295 Female androgenetic alopecia , 223, 233 gray dots , 301 FFA . See Frontal fi brosing alopecia (FFA) loss of , 295, 296, 300 Fibrotic white dots , 48, 49 red dots , 300 in cicatricial alopecia , 65–67 follicular openings loss and ivory-colored and pinpoint white dots , 68 background , 297 Fine scaling in discoid lupus erythematosus , 311 hairline recession , 295, 296 Fitzpatrick skin phototype , 81, 442 lonely hair in , 299 Flame hairs in trichotillomania , 264, 265 mild perifollicular scaling , 297, 298 Focal alopecia, systemic lymphoproliferative diseases , 478 perifollicular scaling , 78 Follicular accentuation, diffuse white and yellow scaling , 78 pink and pink-brown dots in eyebrow area , 48, 70–71 Follicular mucinosis, systemic lymphoproliferative with skin atrophy, topical corticosteroids , 299 diseases , 475–477 trichoscopic features , 296 Follicular occlusion tetrad, dissecting cellulitis , 331 Fu, J.M. , 403 Follicular openings, in healthy individual , 111, 113 Follicular ostia, systemic lymphoproliferative diseases , 477 Follicular spicules , 486 G and hair casts in monoclonal gammopathy , 92, 93 Galewsky, E. , 167 systemic lymphoproliferative diseases , 476, 479, 480 General medicine Follicular units Addison’s disease , 484, 492 in healthy individual , 111–113 alopecia , 484, 491 transplantation , 347–349 alopecia mucinosa , 488 Folliculitis decalvans , 283, 284, 332, 348 amicrobial pustulosis , 485, 486 active phase of , 320 autoimmune diseases , 483 algorithms , 453 Crohn’s disease , 491 characteristic pattern , 329 cutaneous sarcoidosis , 490 characteristic trichoscopic features , 320 cutaneous T-cell lymphoma , 487, 488 cicatricial alopecia , 319, 320, 322 dermatomyositis , 485 dark skin phototypes , 442, 449 erythema , 489 epidermal hyperplasia , 326–328 eyebrows , 483 follicular pustule, development of fi liform follicular spicules , 484 stage 1 , 324 follicular mucinosis , 484 stage 2 , 325 follicular spicules , 486 stage 3 , 325 Gilbert syndrome , 491 hair casts , 324 Hertoghe sign , 483 milky red area , 327, 329 hyperbilirubinemia , 491 perifollicular scaling , 80 hypothyroidism , 483, 492 pustules , 326 Langerhans cell histiocytosis , 489 starburst pattern hyperplasia , 93, 326, 327 longstanding systemic sclerosis , 484 tufted hairs , 45, 319 multicentric reticulohistiocytosis , 489 active in fl ammatory process , 322 multiple myeloma , 486 diseases with , 320 mycosis fungoides , 487, 488 number of hairs per one follicular unit , 321, 322 noncarcinomatous skin changes , 490 vascular pattern , 328 Sézary syndrome , 487 white areas , 329 systemic connective tissue diseases , 484 white dots , 320 systemic lupus erythematosus , 485 yellow discharge , 320 , 490 500 Index

Gilbert syndrome , 491 monilethrix , 21, 146 Glomerular vessels , 104 narrowings , 13 scalp psoriasis , 384 Netherton’s syndrome Golf tee hairs bamboo hair in , 27 in Netherton’s syndrome , 20 golf tee hairs in , 20 trichorrhexis invaginata , 154, 155, 157 node-like appearance , 14 Graham Little syndrome nodules, misdiagnosis of Netherton’s syndrome , 139 axilla hair, nonscarring loss of , 292 normal noncicatricial alopecia of axillae , 293 absent medulla in , 34 Gray dots in eyebrow area , 301 continuous medulla in , 33 Gray hairs , 4 interrupted and fragmented medulla in , 32, 33 dry trichoscopy vs. immersion fl uid, 125, 126 normal terminal hairs , 16 in ectodermal dysplasia , 194 number of hairs emerging, from one follicular unit , 12, 43 one hair per follicular unit in androgenetic alopecia , 43 pigtail hair in , 28 H pili annulati, light whitish bands in , 34 Hair bulbs , 199 pili torti , 31, 168, 169 Hair casts pseudomonilethrix , 22 in folliculitis decalvans , 324 seborrheic dermatitis , 372 in lichen planopilaris , 27 short hair shafts , 15 in monoclonal gammopathy , 92, 93 tapered hairs , 24 silver-white, in lichen planopilaris , 284, 285 telescopic invaginations, trichorrhexis invaginata , in traction alopecia , 274 153, 154, 156 Hair color, in healthy individual , 115 thickness , 11 Hair colorization , 4 androgenetic alopecia, heterogeneity , 17, 221, 224 arti fi cial white bands from , 177 in healthy individual , 111–113 Hair dye , 121 measuring , 17 dots , 134, 135 tinea capitis in follicular distribution , 135 comma hairs in , 30 in interfollicular distribution , 135, 136 corkscrew hairs in , 30 irregular, pili annulati–like effect of , 137 hair blocks and i-hairs in , 38 Hair follicle openings . See Dots interrupted hairs in , 35 Hairpin (linear looped) vessels , 99, 100 zigzag hairs in , 31 Hair powder in trichotillomania , 270 trichoclasis, in alopecia areata , 19 Hair shafts , 125 trichonodosis , 26 abnormalities, classi fi cation of , 12 trichoptilosis alopecia areata in alopecia areata , 18 exclamation mark hairs in , 25 hairstyling procedure, as cause of , 18 monilethrix-like hairs in , 23 trichorrhexis nodosa , 26 pigtail hairs in , 28 trichoschisis, in trichothiodystrophy , 19 tapered hairs in , 24 in trichothiodystrophy, nonhomogenous structure of , 185 variable thickness , 215 trichotillomania artifact broken hairs in , 20 immersion gel , 129, 132 coiled hairs in , 29 low dermoscope pressure , 129 exclamation mark hairs in , 25 makeup foundation , 132 fl ame hairs in , 40 with bands , 15 tulip hairs in , 37, 38 broom hairs , 40 tufted hairs in folliculitis decalvans , 45 in cicatricial alopecia , 39 twisted and curled , 14 in noncicatricial alopecia , 39 two hairs per follicular unit in healthy individual , 44 chemotherapy-induced alopecia , 247 upright regrowing hair cicatricial alopecia in healthy individual , 35 acquired hair shaft dystrophy , 41 in telogen ef fl uvium , 36 ingrowing scalp hair in , 42 vellus hairs in androgenetic alopecia , 36 coiled hairs in , 29 woolly hair , 32 congenital hypotrichosis, monilethrix-like , 23 Hair transplantation dark lines , 37 androgenetic alopecia , 347–350 dissecting cellulitis , 335, 336 arborizing vessels , 347, 349 exclamation mark hairs in , 25 follicular unit transplantation , 347–349 eyelashes , 45 folliculitis , 347, 350 fractured hairs , 13 folliculitis decalvans , 348 fragments cut, by hairdresser , 138 frontal fi brosing alopecia , 347 lichen planopilaris hair restoration , 348 hair cast in , 27 indications of , 347 pigtail hair in , 28 lichen planopilaris , 347, 348 small hair tufts in , 44 perifollicular erythema , 350 Index 501

perifollicular in fl ammation , 90, 351 J pili torti , 347, 351 Jappe, U. , 393 scarring , 351 signpost sign , 347, 349 trichoscopic features of , 347–349 K Hair washing , 4 Kabuki syndrome , 198 Handheld dermoscope , 3, 4, 6 Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans , 199 Hashimoto’s disease , 492 Kim, G.K. , 375 Head lice, parasitic scalp infections , 355–357 Kligman, A.M. , 237 Healthy individual, normal values Komura-Guerri syndrome , 200 blood vessels (temporal area) , 114 Kossard, S. , 348 in children , 115 in females average hair thickness , 112 L average percentage of follicular units with brownish Lacarrubba, F. , 205 perifollicular discoloration , 113 Lace-like vessels , 104 average percentage of follicular units with one, Langerhans cell histiocytosis two/three hairs , 112 general medicine , 489 follicular openings , 111, 113 white areas , 85 frontal area , 114 Lentigo maligna , 418 hair color , 115 Lice hair shaft thickness , 111–113 crab , 358 occipital vs. temporal areas , 116 head , 355–357 trichoscopy in , 113, 114 Lichen planopilaris , 48, 49, 65, 66, 68, 323, 324 Helical (corkscrew) vessels , 103 acquired hair shaft dystrophy , 288 Hemangiomas , 107, 427, 428 algorithms , 453 red areas , 91 blood vessels , 290–292 Henna hair dye in interfollicular distribution , 136 classic , 281 Herpes zoster , 398 differential diagnosis , 280 epidermal detachment , 85 trichoscopic features , 280 Hertoghe sign , 483 concentric pattern, hair follicle opening , 290 Honeycomb pigmentation , 198, 222, 231 concentric perifollicular blood vessels , 291 in Caucasian patient with androgenetic alopecia , 81 dark skin phototypes in healthy individual with skin phototype V , 81 acute phase , 447 hyperpigmentation , 82 classic , 441, 446 Hughes, R. , 30, 362, 403 clinical variant of , 442 Hutchinson, P.E. , 179 perifollicular distribution , 447 Hyperbilirubinemia , 491 dry trichoscopy vs. immersion fl uid , 123 Hyperpigmentation , 73, 82 early, mild erythema and scaling , 281 Hypothyroidism , 483 follicular openings, lacking areas , 284, 286 Hypotrichosis , 195 frontal fi brosing alopecia and , 297–299 Graham Little syndrome , 292, 293 hair cast in , 27 I hair transplantation , 347, 348 , 153 late-stage, mimicking androgenetic alopecia , 281 , seborrheic dermatitis , 377 monilethrix-like hairs , 151 Idiopathic hair casts, in children , 405, 406 perifollicular scaling , 79, 80, 279, 282–284 IEC . See Intraepithelial carcinoma (IEC) perifollicular violaceous skin discoloration , 289 i-hairs , 38, 367 pigtail hair in , 28 Immersion fl uid , 3, 4 pili torti , 170 Immersion fl uid vs. dry trichoscopy pink areas , 86 blood vessels , 127 red halos , 287 diffuse scaling , 124 re flectance confocal microscopy , 293 gray hair , 125, 126 scattered brown skin discoloration , 289 perifollicular scaling , 123 small hair tufts in , 44 yellow dots , 128 strawberry ice cream pattern with milky red areas , 286 (Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome) , 197, 198 tubular silver-white hair casts , 284, 285 Ingrowing scalp hair in cicatricial alopecia , 42 tufted hairs in , 283 Interfollicular skin surface . See Perifollicular and violaceous areas in , 87, 288, 292 interfollicular skin surface white areas , 84, 286, 287, 291, 292 Intraepithelial carcinoma (IEC) white dots in , 280, 285, 286 dermoscopic images , 423 Wickham striae in , 287 pigmented , 424 Light microscopy, trichothiodystrophy , 183 Inui, S. , 205, 207, 258, 453 Light re fl ection , 125 Ioannides, D. , 391 Lonely hair in frontal fi brosing alopecia , 299 Itami, S. , 207 Loose anagen syndrome , 245, 248, 249 502 Index

M follicular spicules , 92 Magni fi cation, dermoscopes , 3, 6 general medicine , 486 Malassezia spp , 140, 369, 371 Mycosis fungoides , 332, 475, 478, 479, 487, 488 Male androgenetic alopecia , 223 Mane, M. , 205 Medicine . See General medicine N Medulla Narrowings, hair shaft , 13 hair dye , 137 Naxos syndrome , 179 in normal hair shaft , 32–34 Neila Iglesias, J. , 260 pili annulati , 174, 176, 177 Netherton’s syndrome , 153, 154 Melanoma bamboo hair in , 27 brown-gray pseudo-network , 417 golf tee hairs in , 20 dermoscopic patterns of , 417 hair anomalies , 154 diffuse hypopigmentation , 417, 419 hair loss , 155 fast-growing , 418 ichthyosis , 153 invisible killer , 417 misdiagnosis of , 139 lentigo maligna type , 418 SPINK5 gene mutation , 153 management recommendations , 420 trichorrhexis invaginata (see Trichorrhexis invaginata) regressing , 419 NMSCs . See Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSCs) super fi cial spreading , 419 Node-like appearance, hair shaft , 14 Micro–exclamation mark hairs Noncicatricial alopecia in alopecia areata , 213, 214 algorithms in trichotillomania , 214, 267, 268 diffuse , 454 Milky red globules , 103 focal , 455 Mirmirani, P. , 319 of axillae, in Graham Little syndrome , 293 Monilethrix , 21 broom hairs , 39 black dots , 56 Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSCs) dry trichoscopy , 147 actinic keratosis female patient , 147 nonpigmented , 422 gene mutation , 145 pigmented , 423 hair shafts , 146 basal cell carcinoma re fl ectance microscopic image , 152 nodular nonpigmented , 425 regularly bent ribbon sign , 145, 148 super fi cial , 425 symptoms , 145 description , 421 trichoscopic features , 145, 146 intraepithelial carcinoma Monilethrix-like hairs , 146, 245, 247 dermoscopic images , 423 alopecia areata , 23, 149, 150, 212, 213 pigmented , 424 chemotherapy-induced alopecia , 150 risk factors , 421 congenital hypotrichosis , 23, 56, squamous cell carcinoma , 421–424 148, 149 types , 421 lichen planopilaris , 151 Nonpolarized light dermoscopes , 3, 4 Monitoring treatment ef fi cacy Normal terminal hairs, hair shafts , 16 alopecia areata , 459, 464 Normal values . See Healthy individual, normal values androgenetic alopecia , 459 blood extravasations , 462 cicatricial alopecia , 460 O corkscrew hairs , 461 Occipital area diphenylcyclopropenone , 459 average hair thickness , 112 disease activity , 459, 460 average percentage of follicular units , 112, 113 follicular units , 459 vs. temporal areas , 116 inactive disease , 459, 460 trichoscopy reports , 469 psoriasis , 460, 462 Olszewska, M. , 459 telogen ef fl uvium , 459, 463 Optical illusion tinea capitis , 459, 461 tiger tail , 133 trichotillomania , 459 trichorrhexis invaginata , 139 VSCAPSI , 460 Orentreich , 347 yellow dots , 459 Ortonne, J. , 379 Monoclonal gammopathy, follicular spicules and hair casts in , 92, 93 Montagna, W. , 237 P Morse code hairs, tinea capitis , 365, 366 Parasitic scalp infections Morse code–like hairs , 15, 35 crab lice , 358 Mucinous in fi ltration, systemic lymphoproliferative head lice , 355–357 diseases , 475, 477 pediculosis capitis , 355 Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis , 489 Phthirus pubis , 355, 356 Multiple myeloma pseudo-nit , 357 Index 503

Sarcoptes scabiei , 358, 359 Perifollicular discoloration (peripilar sign) , 243, 244 scabies , 355, 358, 359 Perifollicular hyperpigmentation , 229 videodermatoscopy , 355, 356 Perifollicular in fi ltration, systemic Pediculosis capitis , 355 lymphoproliferative diseases , 478 Pediculosis, in children , 405 Perifollicular pustules, dissecting cellulitis , 333 Pemphigoid Perifollicular scaling , 73 blister , 396 dry trichoscopy vs. immersion fl uid , 123 Brunsting-Perry type , 395 in folliculitis decalvans , 80 cicatricial alopecia , 397 in frontal fi brosing alopecia , 78, 297, 298 yellow dots , 396 in lichen planopilaris , 79, 279, 282–284 Pemphigus , 85, 90 Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens , Pemphigus foliaceus 331, 332 polygonal white lamellar structures , 395 Peripilar keratin casts , 27 scalp lesions , 393 Peripilar sign , 113, 243, 244 Pemphigus vulgaris in acute telogen ef fl uvium , 83 blood vessels , 100, 103 in androgenetic alopecia , 82, 229, 230 elongated blood vessels , 394 Petroni -Rosi , V. , 393 hemorrhagic areas , 393 Phthirus pubis , 355–358 scalp lesions , 392 Pigmented contact dermatitis, Asian patients , 437 yellow dots , 65 Pigtail hairs , 28 Perifollicular and interfollicular skin surface in alopecia areata, regrowing , 218 amicrobial pustule in discoid lupus erythematosus , 92 chemotherapy-induced alopecia , 248 amorphous yellow areas in dissecting cellulitis , 88 Pili annulati classi fi cation of abnormalities in trichoscopy , 74 arti fi cial white bands from inaccurate diffuse white scaling in psoriasis , 75, 76 hair colorization , 177 diffuse yellow scaling in seborrheic dermatitis , banding pattern , 173–175 76, 77 and fragmented medulla , 176, 177 discoid lupus erythematosus hair shafts with light whitish bands , 34 diffuse white and yellow scaling with intermittent medulla , 174, 177 follicular accentuation , 78 light cloudy bands , 175 fi ne white scaling in , 77 low-magni fi cation trichoscopy , 176 scattered brown skin pigmentation , 83 pseudopili annulati , 174 epidermal scaling , 73, 75 Pili annulati–like effect of irregular hair honeycomb pigmentation dyeing , 137 in Caucasian patient with androgenetic Pili canaliculi , 191, 194 alopecia , 81 Pili torti , 31 in healthy individual with skin phototype V , 81 acquired , 168 hyperpigmentation , 82 alopecia areata , 168 hyperpigmentation , 73 cicatricial alopecia , 170 monoclonal gammopathy, follicular spicules and conditions associated with , 168 hair casts in , 92, 93 in ectodermal dysplasia , 170, 193 peripilar sign hair shaft , 168, 169 in acute telogen ef fl uvium , 83 hair transplantation , 347, 351 in androgenetic alopecia , 82 late-onset (Beare) type , 167 pink areas Ronchese type , 167, 169 in cicatricial alopecia , 84, 86 scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) , 171 in lichen planopilaris , 86 trichoscopy , 168 red areas Pink areas , 311, 314 blood vessels and vascular tumors , 91 in cicatricial alopecia , 84, 86 extravasations , 90 in lichen planopilaris , 86 perifollicular in fl ammation , 89, 90 and pink-brown dots in eyebrow, starburst pattern hyperplasia in folliculitis decalvans , 93 frontal fi brosing alopecia , 48, 70–71 strawberry ice cream areas , 74, 84, 86 Pinkus, H. , 263 symptoms , 74 Pinpoint white dots , 48, 49 violaceous areas in lichen planopilaris , 87 in androgenetic alopecia , 69 white areas dark skin phototypes , 441–443 epidermal detachment in herpes zoster , 85 on glabrous skin , 69 of fi brosis in cicatricial alopecia , 84 in healthy individual , 68, 69 of fi brosis in lichen planopilaris , 84 in lichen planopilaris , 285 Langerhans cell histiocytosis , 85 Pityriasis amiantacea, scalp psoriasis , 387 yellow exudate Pityrospo , 140 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 92 Pohl-Pinkus constrictions , 23, 24, 212, 247 in folliculitis decalvans , 91 Polarized light dermoscopes , 3, 6 yellow pustule Prednisone , 485 in bacterial folliculitis , 89 Price, V.H. , 183, 319 in folliculitis decalvans , 88 Pseudomonilethrix , 22, 146, 151 504 Index

Pseudo-nit , 357 Ronchese, F. , 167 Pseudopelade of Brocq Ronchese type of pili torti , 167, 169 black dots , 343 Ross, E.K. , 205 characteristics , 339, 340 Rossi, A. , 454 cicatricial alopecia , 339, 342, 343 Rudnicka, L. , 35, 362, 459 description , 339 hair-bearing margins, 340, 343 hair shafts , 342 S pili torti , 342 Saijyo, S. , 393 small patches , 340, 341 Salanitri, S. , 347 trichoscopic features of , 339, 340 Sandoval, A.B. , 362 Pseudopili annulati , 174 Sarcoptes scabiei , 358, 359 Pseudo tinea amiantacea , 387 Satoyoshi syndrome , 200 Psoriasis , 371, 372 . See also Scalp psoriasis Scabies , 355, 358, 359 blood vessels , 104, 127 Scalp nevi , 411, 413 dermatitis herpetiformis , 397 Scalp psoriasis diffuse white scaling in , 75, 76 blood extravasations , 386 monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 460, 462 Bowen’s disease , 388 pustular , 386 characteristics , 379, 381 Psoriasis Scalp Severity Index (PSSI) , 379 clear cell acanthoma , 387 Pustular psoriasis , 386 diagnosis of , 380 Pyogenic granulomas , 427, 428 European score , 381 globules , 380, 383 glomerular vessels , 384 R homogeneous distribution , 385 Rakowska, A. , 17, 238 multiple vessel clusters , 380, 384, 385 Rebora, A. , 246, 251 pityriasis amiantacea , 387 Red areas PSSI score , 379 blood vessels and vascular tumors , 91 pustular psoriasis , 386 extravasations , 90 red dots , 383 perifollicular in fl ammation , 89, 90 red globular lines , 383 Red dots red globular rings , 383 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 48, 70, 313, 316 sebopsoriasis , 379, 380 in eyebrow area in frontal fi brosing alopecia , 300 trichoscopic features of , 380 in scalp psoriasis , 383 VSCAPSI , 385 Red globular lines, in scalp psoriasis , 383 white scaling , 382 Red globular rings, in scalp psoriasis , 383 Scalp tumors, blood vessels , 107 Red spiders in yellow dots , 63, 310 Scarring alopecia , 279, 290 Re fl ectance confocal microscopy (RCM) Schaerer, L. , 393 alopecia areata , 219 Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis), pili torti , 171 black dots , 56 Sebopsoriasis , 379, 380 lichen planopilaris , 293 Seborrheic dermatitis , 379, 380 monilethrix , 152 arborizing vessels , 375 trichoschisis in , 187 clinical variants of , 371 Regressing seborrheic keratosis, melanoma , 419 description , 371, 372 Regrowing hairs , 35, 36 diffuse yellow scaling in , 76, 77 in alopecia areata , 217 dry trichoscopy vs. immersion fl uid , 124 in alopecia areata incognita , 252, 253 ichthyosis vulgaris , 377 in telogen ef fl uvium , 241, 242, 244 Malassezia spp , 371 in trichotillomania , 272 multicomponent vascular pattern , 376 Reports scaling , 372, 377 clinical trials , 469 trichoscopic features of , 371, 372 dermoscopy , 469 yellow scaling , 373, 374 full report Seitz, C.S. , 195 form sample , 471 Senescent alopecia , 234 frontal area , 469 Senile involutional alopecia , 222, 234 hair shaft thickness measurements , 469 Serpentine vessels , 105 numeric values , 469, 472 Sézary syndrome , 487 occipital area , 469 Shiell, R.C. , 348 parameters , 472 Short anagen syndrome , 245–246, 250 results , 469 Short hair shafts , 15 uses , 472 Signpost sign , 347, 349 short report , 469, 470 Silver-white hair casts in lichen planopilaris , 284, 285 Rituximab , 485 Silver-white scaling Roll-on technique , 121, 130 perifollicular, in lichen planopilaris , 282, 283 Romano, F. , 320 in psoriasis , 76 Index 505

Skin phototype , 69 . See also Dark skin phototypes description , 361, 363 honeycomb pigmentation , 81 diagnosis of , 362 Slowinska, M. , 12, 30, 238, 362 in dissecting cellulitis , 332 Soap bubble dot, dissecting cellulitis , 333, 334 ectothrix , 361 Sparse hair, in ectodermal dysplasia , 193 endothrix , 361 Splinter hemorrhages , 102 favus , 361, 368 Stanley, J.R. , 393 hair blocks , 38 Starburst sign, in folliculitis decalvans , 80, 93, 326, 327 i-hairs , 38, 367 Strawberry ice cream areas , 74, 84, 86, 283, 286 interrupted hairs in , 35 Sulfur-de fi cient brittle hair . See Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 459, 461 Systemic lupus erythematosus , 314 morse code hairs , 365, 366 general medicine , 484 nonin fl ammatory , 361 Systemic lymphoproliferative diseases trichoscopic features of , 362, 367 comedonal lesions , 479 UV-enhanced trichoscopy , 369 dermoscopy examination , 475, 476 wax-colored perifollicular , 368 erythematous plaques , 478 Wood’s light examination , 362 focal alopecia , 478 yellow amorphous , 368 follicular fi liform spicules , 476, 479, 480 zigzag hairs , 31, 366 follicular mucinosis , 475–477 Tips, tricks, and artifacts in trichoscopy , 121–122 follicular ostia , 477 Tonsure trichotillomania , 259 folliculotropic mycosis fungoides , 475, 478, 479 Tosti, A. , 304, 377 monoclonal gammopathy , 476, 479, 480 Traction alopecia , 258, 266, 267, 273, 274 mucinous in fi ltration , 475, 477 dark skin phototypes , 445 multiple myeloma , 476, 479, 480 Trichoclasia and trichorrhexis nodosa , 163 perifollicular in fi ltration , 478 Trichoclasis , 186 T cell lymphoma , 475 in alopecia areata , 19 Systemic sclerosis Trichomalacia, black dots , 54 general medicine , 484 Trichonodosis , 26 pili torti , 171 Trichophyton violaceum, tinea capitis , 461 Trichoptilosis in alopecia areata , 18 T and congenital trichorrhexis nodosa , 162 Tadpole-like hairs, in alopecia areata incognita , 253 hairstyling procedure, as cause of , 18 Tagami, H. , 393 split ends, in trichotillomania , 262, 263 Tapered hairs , 24 Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome (TRPS) , 195–197 in alopecia areata , 212, 215 Trichorrhexis invaginata , 13, 14, 20, 27 Telogen ef fl uvium artifacts, trichorrhexis nodosa–like effect , 158 acute , 83, 242 eyebrows, trichoscopy of , 154, 157, 158 chronic form of , 237, 242 golf tee hairs , 154, 155, 157 empty hair follicles , 239, 240, 244 length and thickness of hair shaft , 156 factors , 237 matchstick-like hairs , 154, 155 follicular units with only hair , 241 nodules , 153, 156, 158 hair loss , 239 short hair , 154 hair shaft thickness heterogeneity , 242 telescopic invaginations of hair shaft , 153, monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 459, 463 154, 156 perifollicular discoloration (peripilar sign) , 243, 244 Trichorrhexis invaginata–like optical illusion , 139 regrowing hairs , 36 Trichorrhexis nodosa , 14, 26, 31, 155, 157, 211, 216 trichoscopic features , 238, 243, 244 acquired , 163, 164 upright regrowing hair , 241, 242, 244 broken hair shafts , 162 vascular pattern , 244 conditions associated with , 160 yellow dots , 239, 240 congenital , 161, 162 Temporal areas dry trichoscopy , 160, 164 average hair thickness , 112 ectodermal dysplasia, in child , 164 average percentage of follicular units , 112, 113 hair shaft splits, fi bers , 159, 160 blood vessels in healthy individual , 114 at higher magni fi cations , 160 vs. occipital areas , 116 at low magni fi cations , 159, 160 Three-algorithm system (3-A system) , 453–455 nodular thickenings , 160, 161 Tiger tail nodule at distal end of hair shaft , 164 banding , 183 physical trauma , 159, 163 optical illusion , 133 pruritus , 159 Tinea capitis trichoclasia , 163 algorithms , 453 trichoptilosis , 162 black dots , 363 Trichorrhexis nodosa–like effect, artifacts , 158 in children , 403, 404 Trichoschisis comma hairs , 30, 362–364 re flectance confocal microscopy , 187 corkscrew hairs , 30, 362, 364, 365 in trichothiodystrophy , 19, 185 506 Index

Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) , 19 U clinical features , 184 Ultraviolet-enhanced trichoscopy grains of sand , 184, 185 (UVET) , 122, 140 hair shafts, nonhomogenous structure of , 185 light microscopy , 183 manifestations , 183 V re fl ectance confocal microscopy, trichoschisis Vascular pattern, of folliculitis decalvans , 328 in , 187 Vascular tumors tiger tail banding , 183 angiosarcoma , 427, 428 transversely fractured hair shaft ends , 186 dermoscopic features of , 428 trichoclasis , 186 hemangiomas , 427, 428 trichoschisis , 185, 186 purple globules , 428 trichoscopy , 184 pyogenic granulomas , 427, 428 types , 183 red globules , 428 Trichotillomania , 206, 214, 216 Vazquez-Lopez, F. , 461 algorithms , 453 Vellus hairs alopecia areata , 258, 269, 271 in alopecia areata , 218 amorphous hair residues in , 268 in androgenetic alopecia , 36, 221, 225, 226 androgenetic distribution , 260 de fi nition , 11 black dots , 53–54, 270 short, in Asian patients , 433, 436 broken hairs , 260–262 Vessel net , 106 in children , 403, 408 Videodermatoscopy, parasitic scalp infections , 355, 356 coiled hairs in , 266, 267 Videodermoscope , 3, 5, 6 differential diagnosis , 258 criteria, for female androgenetic alopecia , 233 DSM-IV, diagnostic criteria , 257 Videodermoscopy Scalp Psoriasis Severity Index (VSCAPSI) eyelashes , 273 algorithm , 454, 456 fl ame hairs in , 264, 265 monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 460 Friar Tuck sign , 259 psoriasis , 385 hair powder in , 270 Violaceous areas in lichen planopilaris , 87, 288, 292 hair pulling , 257, 259 VSCAPSI . See Videodermoscopy Scalp Psoriasis Severity hair shafts Index (VSCAPSI) broken hairs in , 20 V-sign in trichotillomania , 267 broom hairs in , 39 coiled hairs in , 29 exclamation mark hairs in , 25 W fl ame hairs in , 40 Wavy hairs , 181, 231, 264 tulip hairs in , 37, 38 White areas micro–exclamation mark hair , 267, 268 discoid lupus erythematosus , 315, 316 monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 459 epidermal detachment in herpes zoster , 85 tinea capitis , 258, 260, 270 of fi brosis trichoptilosis (split ends) , 262, 263 in cicatricial alopecia , 84 trichoscopic pattern of , 272 in lichen planopilaris , 84 tulip hairs in , 269 Langerhans cell histiocytosis , 85 upright regrowing hair in , 272 in lichen planopilaris , 286, 287, 291, 292 V-sign in , 267 White dots , 274 yellow dots in , 271 fi brotic , 49 Trueb, R.M. , 393 in cicatricial alopecia , 65–67 TTD . See Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) and pinpoint white dots , 68 Tubular scaling in lichen planopilaris , 280, 285, 286 in folliculitis decalvans pinpoint , 49 with collar formation , 323 in androgenetic alopecia , 69 yellowish perifollicular , 80 on glabrous skin , 69 white perifollicular, in lichen planopilaris , 79 in healthy individual , 68, 69 Tubular silver-white hair casts in lichen planopilaris , in trichoscopy , 72 284, 285 White scaling Tufted folliculitis , 43, 319 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 77, 78 Tufted hairs , 319–322 in psoriasis , 75, 76 in folliculitis decalvans , 45 in scalp psoriasis , 382 in lichen planopilaris , 283 White skin cancer . See Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSCs) Tufts, dissecting cellulitis , 331, 332, 335 Whiting, D.A. , 237 Tulip hairs Wickham striae in lichen planopilaris , 287 in alopecia areata , 216 Wilson, C.L. , 391 in traction alopecia , 274 Wood’s lamp , 122, 140 in trichotillomania , 37, 38, 269 Woolly hair , 32 Twisted hairs , 14, 181 autosomal dominant (hereditary) , 179, 180 Index 507

autosomal recessive , 179 chemotherapy-induced alopecia , 247, 249 black dot , 181 dark skin phototypes , 445 crawling snake appearance , 180 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 62, 63, 303 nevus , 179 large , 309 trichorrhexis nodosa and pili annulati , 179 thin spider vessels in inactive , 310 wavy and broken hairs , 181 in dissecting cellulitis , 64, 333, 334 dry trichoscopy vs. immersion fl uid , 128 keratotic , 48 X monitoring treatment ef fi cacy , 459 Xeroderma pigmentosum , 105, 490 in pemphigus vulgaris , 65 sebaceous , 49 telogen ef fl uvium , 239, 240 Y in trichoscopy , 71 Yellow dots , 47–48 in trichotillomania , 271 in alopecia areata , 60, 207–209 Yellow exudate double border , 57, 59 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 92 dry trichoscopic image, keratotic nature , 58 in folliculitis decalvans , 91 follicular openings , 57 Yellow pustule high magni fi cation , 209 in bacterial folliculitis , 89 hyperkeratotic nature , 208 in folliculitis decalvans , 88 nonactive patch of , 58 Yellow scaling regular distribution , 208 in discoid lupus erythematosus , 78 sun-exposed skin , 209 in seborrheic dermatitis , 76, 77, 373, 374 white light re fl ection , 59 whitish halo , 57 alopecia areata incognita , 62, 252, 254 Z in androgenetic alopecia , 60, 61, 222, 228, 229 Zigzag hairs (Z-hairs) , 14, 31 in Asian patients , 434–436 in alopecia areata , 216, 217 autoimmune bullous diseases , 394, 396 tinea capitis , 366