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Tome 53 – 2000 ISSN 0037-9034 BULLETIN de la SOCIETE de BOTANIQUE du NORD de la FRANCE Vol. 53 (2000) fascicule 1 SOMMAIRE (Contents) SZYMUSIAK, D. - La médaille des Arts et des Lettres à Lucien DURIN, un homme d'excep­ tion (The "des Arts et des Lettres11 medal to Lucien DURIN)......................................... 1-2. SPAS, J.M. - Un grand naturaliste de chez nous : Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (A great naturalist of our regiôn; Jean-Baptiste Lamarck) ................................................................................. 3-7. MATYSÎAK, J.P. - Taraxacum 99 : premières approches (Taraxacum 99: first approaches) .............................................................................................................................................9-36. SOCIETE OE BOTANIQUE DU NORD DE LA FRANCE Fondée en 1947 Siège et Bibliothèque : Centre de Phytosociologie Hameau de Haendries - F-59270 BAILLEUL. La bibliothèque est ouverte tous les jours, sauf le dimanche, de 9h à 19h. En arrivant, se présenter à la documentaliste. La lec­ ture des ouvrages se fait sur place. Il n'y a aucun envoi, ni prêt à l’extérieur. La sortie des ouvrages en salle de lecture, après consultation du fichier, se fait sur demande à la documen­ taliste, tous les jours de 9h 30 à lOh 30 et de 14h à 15h. Secrétariat : Centre de Phytosociologie Hameau de Haendries - 59270 BAILLEUL Trésorerie : J . P. GAVERIAUX 14, les Hirsons 62800 LIEVXN Bureau - Président B. de FOUCAULT - Vice-Présidents F. DUHAMEL & F. DUPONT - Secrétaire général F. HENDOUX - Secrétaire adjoint F.-O. DENAYHR - Trésorier J.P. GAVERIAUX - Trésorier-adjoint P. LAUNE Autres membres du Conseil d 'Administration Membres élus : V. BOULLET, J.C. BRUNEEL, M.C. FABRE, P. GIBON, V. LEVIVE, J.P. MATYSIAK, D. PETIT, J.M. SPAS Membre de droit : J.M. GEHU, Directeur du Centre Régional de Phytosociologie Présidents d'honneur : R. BOURIQUET, L. DURIN, P. GUIGNARD Membre d'honneur : J. MARQUIS Excursions. Plusieurs excursions botaniques sont organisées chaque année par la Société. Cotisation. Elle est exigible avant le 1er mars de chaque année. Le montant en est fixé par 1* Assemblée générale sur proposition du Conseil Membres ordinaires : 120 F ; établissements et personnes morales ; 150 F A verser au C.C.P. Société de Botanique 2846 58 F LILLE. Nouveaux membres. Ils sont admis après présentation par deux par­ rains, vote favorable des membres en séance et paiement de la cotisation en cours Bull. Soc. Bot. N. Fr„ 53 ( l), 2000, 1-2. LA MÉDAILLE DES ARTS ET DES LETTRES À LUCIEN DURIN, UN HOMME D’EXCEPTION par Dominique SZYMUSIAK La Ministre de la Culture et de la Communication, Catherine TASCA, vient de nommer Lucien DURIN Chevalier dans l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. Jl est peu de vies aussi remplies et passionnantes. "J’ai eu trois vies, une scientifique, une professionnelle et une culturelle'f. Quand on découvre le parcours de cet homme d'exception, on est confondu d'admiration. D’abord le scientifique : il a été l'un des plus grands botanistes que le Nord ait connu et a dressé un inventaire complet de la flore du nord de la France, qui est à l’origine d'une flore illustrée destinée aux étudiants. Dans ce domaine, il a fait et fait tou­ jours autorité auprès des plus éminents spécialistes lillois et étrangers. Ensuite, il a été phar­ macien sur la place du Cateau pendant quarante ans, mais de cette vie-là, il parle peu. Et enfin véritable "puits de culture", il a non seulement cultivé ses multiples centres d'intérêts, mais a su les faire partager et tenir une place de premier ordre dans l'animation et le développement culturel de la région du Cateau. Son savoir encyclopédique va de la carte postale à l’histoire locale, de l’architecture aux archives, de la musique à la poésie. Enfin et surtout, son intérêt pour l’art moderne lui a fait jouer un rôle primordial dans la réalisation du musée par MATIS- SE lui-même dans sa ville natale. Cette médaille n’est pas la première puisque ses différentes fonctions administratives et professionnelles au Centre Hospitalier du Cateau (où il est pharmacien en chef pendant l'es­ sentiel de sa carrière) lui valurent le Mérite National dès 1975 et la médaille d'or de la ville du Cateau lors de son départ à la retraite en 1983 (Lucien DURIN est aussi officier des Palmes Académiques, 1983, Chevalier du Mérite Agricole, 1989, Médaillé d’Honneur des Conseils de Prud'hommes, Médaillé du Travail). Du déclic à la passion L'histoire de Lucien DURIN commence en 1915 alors que sa mère maubeugeoise est éva­ cuée en Flandre. Il mène ensuite la vie des enfants de milieux modestes. Il a la chance ou la curiosité de faire des rencontres et d'avoir des enseignants à l'origine des événements qui ont déclenché ses passions. À six'ans sa grand-mère lui fait donner des leçons de piano et de solfège. La musique ne le quittera plus. Quant à sa soif de littérature, elle date de son enfance. Brillant élève, son ins­ tituteur le fait entrer au collège de Maubeuge à l'âge de neuf ans. Une bourse communale couvre les frais de scolarité. C'est alors qu'il reçoit à la distribution des prix un grand livre de littérature française par les textes qu'il dévore et qui deviendra la base de sa culture, alors que son père refusait qu'il achète des livres. En quatrième, son professeur de français étudie toute l'année CHATEAUBRIAND et Alain GERBAUD, Lucien devient un passionné des Mémoires d'Outre-Tombe. 11 fera, étudiant, un pèlerinage sur la tombe de CHATEAUBRIAND en vélo à Saint-Malo. Ses deux autres auteurs favoris sont VALÉRY et GIDE qu'il découvre l'année de philo. Il aime tellement les livres que c'est d'abord vers la licence de lettres qu'il s'oriente. L’enseignement sera toujours la passion de sa vie. Des difficultés financières et une méningi­ te le font changer d’orientation pour la pharmacie. Depuis des années, il aime aussi la bota­ nique. Il avait même constitué un herbier qui le fera remarquer par un de ses professeurs. Il obtient ainsi un poste d’assistant au laboratoire de botanique pour payer ses études. Mais la botanique ne l'empêche pas de cultiver son talent de poète. I! crée avant guerre une revue de poésie avec Luc BÉRIMONT et publie trois numéros soutenus par GIONO. Ce talent d'écrivain lui donnera une belle écriture et le sens du récit qu'il utilisera toute sa vie pour écrire des articles de plus en plus spécialisés en histoire locale du Cateau, d'une part dans le domaine patrimonial et monumental et d'autre part en histoire sociale et ouvrière. Ces - 2 - articles paraîtront dans Jadis en Cambré sis, dans la revue de la Société d'émulation de Cambrai et aussi pour tous les habitants du Cateau dans les revues paroissiales Les Cloches Catésiennes, Partage et Renouveau. Ce qu'il poursuit, sa vie durant, est généreux et altruiste. Il veut faire connaître et partager ses connaissances avec les habitants de son pays d'adoption. Il était arrivé au Cateau pendant la Guerre parce qu’une pharmacie était à vendre et y restera. En 1945, acteur de la vie catésienne, il fait redémarrer la vie culturelle et crée, avec un Catésien Daniel DEBATTE, un ciné-club où il présente les films et anime les débats. Il devient délégué pour les Jeunesses Musicales pour le sud du département et organise des concerts dans le ciné­ ma du Cateau. C'est ainsi qu'il fera venir le célèbre quatuor Casadesus ou le Jazz Man Jacques Diéval. Une chance inouïe : la rencontre avec MATISSE en 1951 Un des domaines où Lucien DURIN excelle est la peinture, il était né avec un certain talent et "un coup de crayon”, et avait suivi à Maubeuge, pendant sa jeunesse, les cours du soir de dessin et d’aquarelle. Étudiant, il a la révélation de la peinture grâce à un de ses amis qui l’emmène par hasard suivre un cours d'histoire de l'art sur LE GRÉCO. Ce peintre sera une pas­ sion de plus. Pendant la durée de ses études, il acquiert les bases de l'histoire de l'art au musée des Beaux-Arts de Lille où il va toutes les semaines. Il reprend le dessin et l'aquarelle en 1948, entraîné par le juge de paix du Cateau, François FAUGEROUX, qui deviendra le premier conservateur du Musée Matisse en 1952. L’histoire de Lucien DURIN aurait pu être remarquable grâce à son esprit ouvert sur toutes les disciplines et son envie de partager ses passions, en réalité elle fut extraordinaire. Peu après son arrivée au Cateau-Cambrésis, dans cette petite ville, chef-lieu rural du bout du département du Nord, il passe à vélo devant la boucherie Matisse, dans le village de Montay, le village d'où la famille MATISSE est originaire, comme il le découvrira plus tard. À partir de cette découverte, les événements s'enchaînent. Le maire, Charles PONSIN, fait rechercher l'acte de naissance du peintre né au Cateau le 31 décembre 1869. Lucien DURIN est sollicité par Ernest GAILLARD, architecte et conservateur du musée de Cambrai, de retour de capti­ vité, pour participer à la création d'un petit musée d’art moderne au Cateau avec des peintures déposées par l'État. Et enfin, il assiste à la création de la salle Matisse. Le peintre, ému que des Catésiens viennent le voir pour lui demander de dédicacer des reproductions et non, comme le faisaient les autres musées, quémander des oeuvres, décide de créer son musée au Cateau si on lui donne une salle. L’histoire mérite d'être soulignée puisque les Catésiens ont offert ce qu'il avait de mieux, à savoir le salon d'honneur de l'Hôtel de Ville.
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