Underfloor Heating Systems for New Build and Modernisation
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Experimental Investigations of Using Silica Aerogel
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF USING SILICA AEROGEL TO HARVEST UNCONCENTRATED SUNLIGHT IN A SOLAR THERMAL RECEIVER By Nisarg Hansaliya Sungwoo Yang Louie Elliott Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering Assistant Professor of Mechanical (Chair) Engineering (Co-Chair) Prakash Damshala Professor (Committee Member) EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF USING SILICA AEROGEL TO HARVEST UNCONCENTRATED SUNLIGHT IN A SOLAR THERMAL RECEIVER By Nisarg Hansaliya A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of Master of Science: Engineering The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga, Tennessee December 2019 ii ABSTRACT Significant demand exists for solar thermal heat in the mid-temperature ranges (120 oC – 220 oC). Generating heat in this range requires expensive optics or vacuum systems in order to utilize the diluted solar energy flux reaching the earth’s surface. Current flat plate solar collectors have significant heat losses and achieving higher temperatures without using concentrating optics remains a challenge. In this work, we designed a prototype flat plate collector using silica- aerogel. Optically Transparent Thermally Insulating silica aerogel with its high transmittance and low thermal conductivity is used as a volumetric shield. The prototype collector was subjected to ambient testing conditions during the months of winter. The collector reached the temperatures of 220 oC and a future prototype design is proposed to incorporate large aerogel monoliths for scaled up applications. This work opens up possibilities solar energy being harnessed in intermediate temperature range using a non-concentrated flat plate collector. iii DEDICATION This is dedicated to all the mentors, professors and teachers I have had the privilege to learn from. -
Underfloor Heating and Renewables
How to heat your home in the best possible way with underfloor heating and renewables We believe that choosing the right heating system Freedom to choose An expertly-designed UFH system gives you the freedom to choose – where to put your for your home should be simple and stress free, so furniture and how to set the temperature of each room to suit your lifestyle. we take care of every detail to provide confidence, comfort and peace of mind. Feel the difference Designed for your home As the only heating company awarded a Whatever the age, size or construction of UK Customer Satisfaction Awards 2018 WINNER Distinction from the Institute of Customer your home, chances are it’s suitable for Service, you can trust Nu-Heat to provide underfloor heating (UFH). Our experts will you with all the support you need, from initial go further to ensure precise performance discussions with your dedicated Account of your heating system. If you choose Nu-Heat UFH for your home, you can expect to: Manager to tips on controlling your heating Whether you’re planning a new build, from our Technical Support team. Feel the difference with a consistent, even Pocket the difference with low running costs Tailor the difference with a bespoke, tackling an extension or giving your existing heat across your whole floor – no more cold from your efficient heating solution – no whole-house heating solution tailored Our award-winning products and customer home a complete overhaul, we design your feet or draughty, cold rooms. more wasted energy. to your property’s build type – no more service, along with our unbeatable expertise heating system to be a perfect fit. -
Section 2: Insulation Materials and Properties
SECTION 2 INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES SECTION 2: INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES 2.1 DEFINITION OF INSULATION 1 2.2 GENERIC TYPES AND FORMS OF INSULATION 1 2.3 PROPERTIES OF INSULATION 2 2.4 MAJOR INSULATION MATERIALS 4 2.5 PROTECTIVE COVERINGS AND FINISHES 5 2.6 PROPERTIES OF PROTECTIVE COVERINGS 6 2.7 ACCESSORIES 7 2.8 SUMMARY - INSULATION MATERIALS AND APPLICATION WITHIN THE GENERAL TEMPERATURE RANGES 8 2.9 INSULATION AND JACKET MATERIAL TABLES 10 MP-0 SECTION 2 INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES SECTION 2 INSULATION MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES 2.1 DEFINITION OF INSULATION Insulations are defined as those materials or combinations of materials which retard the flow of heat energy by performing one or more of the following functions: 1. Conserve energy by reducing heat loss or gain. 2. Control surface temperatures for personnel protection and comfort. 3. Facilitate temperature control of process. 4. Prevent vapour flow and water condensation on cold surfaces. 5. Increase operating efficiency of heating/ventilating/cooling, plumbing, steam, process and power systems found in commercial and industrial installations. 6. Prevent or reduce damage to equipment from exposure to fire or corrosive atmospheres. 7. Assist mechanical systems in meeting criteria in food and cosmetic plants. 8. Reduce emissions of pollutants to the atmosphere. The temperature range within which the term "thermal insulation" will apply, is from -75°C to 815°C. All applications below -75°C are termed "cryogenic", and those above 815°C are termed "refractory". Thermal insulation is further divided into three general application temperature ranges as follows: A. LOW TEMPERATURE THERMAL INSULATION 1. -
Domestic Heat Pumps a Best Practice Guide
Domestic Heat Pumps A Best Practice Guide Introduction The number of heat pumps installed in the UK has increased significantly over the past few years with around 20,0001 domestic heat pumps installed every year. This is expected to increase further due to rising fuel costs, government policy and the shift towards a more decarbonised grid. Therefore the potential market for heat pumps is huge. Scope and purpose However, for heat pumps to reach their full The purpose of this MCS Best Practice Heat potential it is vitally important that end users, Pump Guide is to support designers and particularly householders can make an informed installers of domestic scale heat pumps in choice and have confidence that once installed the selection, installation and commissioning their system will deliver on any benefits claimed of such heat pumps, including smaller in the contract. commercial scale, to ensure optimum performance for all parties involved but From an installation point of view, this can be especially the consumer. It also tries to achieved by applying best practice throughout improve the interface between installer and the whole customer journey. From pre-sales, consumer in encouraging information flow design and installation to commissioning such as performance estimates and the and handover. implications of consumer law. As an installer, this MCS Best Practice Heat MCS intends to issue specific advice for Pump Guide aims to assist you with all of consumers as a separate document. these stages. Consequently this guide primarily focuses -
Technical Performance Overview of Bio-Based Insulation Materials Compared to Expanded Polystyrene
buildings Article Technical Performance Overview of Bio-Based Insulation Materials Compared to Expanded Polystyrene Cassandra Lafond and Pierre Blanchet * Department of Wood and Forest Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V0A6, Canada; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 5 February 2020; Accepted: 22 April 2020; Published: 26 April 2020 Abstract: The energy efficiency of buildings is well documented. However, to improve standards of energy efficiency, the embodied energy of materials included in the envelope is also increasing. Natural fibers like wood and hemp are used to make low environmental impact insulation products. Technical characterizations of five bio-based materials are described and compared to a common, traditional, synthetic-based insulation material, i.e., expanded polystyrene. The study tests the thermal conductivity and the vapor transmission performance, as well as the combustibility of the material. Achieving densities below 60 kg/m3, wood and hemp batt insulation products show thermal conductivity in the same range as expanded polystyrene (0.036 kW/mK). The vapor permeability depends on the geometry of the internal structure of the material. With long fibers are intertwined with interstices, vapor can diffuse and flow through the natural insulation up to three times more than with cellular synthetic (polymer) -based insulation. Having a short ignition times, natural insulation materials are highly combustible. On the other hand, they release a significantly lower amount of smoke and heat during combustion, making them safer than the expanded polystyrene. The behavior of a bio-based building envelopes needs to be assessed to understand the hygrothermal characteristics of these nontraditional materials which are currently being used in building systems. -
Underfloor Heating Systems Are 100 W/M2 for Concrete Floors and 70 W/M2 for Timber Suspended Floors
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS ONE LARGE ZONE Unit 1 79 Friar Street Worcester WR1 2NT Tel: 01905 616 928 Fax:01905 611 240 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.underfloorheatingsystems.co.uk 1. Installation Read this entire document first! Pipe distance for concrete floor is c/c 200 mm to c/c 250 mm and for timber suspended floors c/c 200 mm. Pipe to be 100 mm from the walls. Always go with flow to the cold spots first. See hand sketch for typical layout. Max loop length is 110 m. Max loop length is 110 m. If the pipe comes in a 200 m coil, it is sometimes much easier to work with the pipe if cut in half, ie 2 pcs of 100 m coils. Also we recommend two people for fitting the pipe, one person that holds the coil and another person to clip the pipe into the insulation. Fix the pipe to the insulation with the clips provided. You need approximate 1 to 2 clips per metre of pipe. The manifold and control pack should always be located centrally in the building. The PRT room thermostat timer controls the pump. Note, see system layout provided in this document for typical layout. Also, see wiring diagram provided. The system needs to have independent control from the boiler, ie S-plan system with a two port valve. Try to use all the pipework supplied. You will usually have waste. The pipe is marked every metre so you know when it is time to go back to the manifold. -
Comparative Study for Underfloor Heating System Using Boiler Or Heat Pump
An-Najah National University Faculty of Graduate Studies Comparative Study for Underfloor Heating System using Boiler or Heat Pump By Hussein Ishaq Hussein Awad Supervisor Dr. Abdelrahim Abu Safa This Thesis is Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Clean Energy and Conservation Strategy, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. 2014 iii DEDICATION To my father soul …. To my mother, brothers and sisters……. To my wife, daughter…… To my uncles & Grand Father…… To all friends and colleagues……… To everyone working in this field…… To all of them, I dedicate this work. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is an honor for me to have the opportunity to say a word to thank all people who helped me to complete this study, although it is impossible to include all of them here. All appreciations go to my supervisor, Dr. Abdelrahim Abusafa for his exceptional guidance and insightful comments and observations throughout the implementation of this project. My thanks and appreciations go to the staff of Clean Energy and Conservation Strategy Engineering Master Program in An- Najah National University, especially Dr. Imad Ibrik, Prof. Marwan Mahmoud & Dr. Mohammad Sayed for their valuable suggestions and assistance. This project would not have been possible without the endless support and contributions from my family, especially my mother for her kindness, my wife for here encouragement and patience, my brothers and sisters for their support, also for my friends especially Eng. Azeez Arafeh, Eng. Islam Shabaneh & Eng. Ra’fat Naser Al-Deen, and colleagues for their useful help, and to everyone who contributed to complete this effort. -
Glass Wool] by Applying Coating on It
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology. ISSN 0974-3154 Volume 10, Number 1 (2017) © International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Evaluating The Performance of Insulation Material [Glass wool] By Applying Coating on It. Utkarsh Patil. Assistance Professor, Department Of Mechanical Engineering D.Y.Patil College of Engineering and Technology, Kolhapur, Maharashtra. India. Viraj Pasare. Assistance Professor, Department Of Mechanical Engineering D.Y.Patil College of Engineering and Technology, Kolhapur, Maharashtra. India. Abstract: Keyword: A refrigerator is a popular household appliance that Domestic refrigeration system, Glass Wool, consists of a thermally insulated compartment and Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). a heat pump that transfers heat from the inside of the fridge to its external environment so that the inside of Introduction the fridge is cooled to a temperature below the ambient temperature of the room. Refrigeration is an Vapor-Compression Refrigeration or vapor- essential food storage technique. Insulating material compression refrigeration system (VCRS) in which is the one of the main sub systems. The primary the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the function of thermal insulating material used in many refrigeration cycles. It is also used in domestic domestic refrigerator is to reduce the transfer of heat. and commercial refrigerators, frozen storage of foods Hence the efficiency of the system is depends upon and meats, Refrigeration may be defined as lowering the temperature of an enclosed space by removing the on the insulating material use in the refrigerator. heat from that space and transferring it elsewhere.[3] [1]The insulating capability of a material is measured Insulating material is the one of the main sub with thermal conductivity (k). -
Underfloor Heating Systems :///Users//Downloads/ LDS7 FINAL.Pdf
CI/SfB (53) First Issue April 2019 Underfloor Heating Systems :///Users//Downloads/ LDS7_FINAL.pdf SUPERIOR HEATING SOLUTIONS SINCE 1980 2 Firebird Envirofloor™ Underfloor Heating Systems An economical and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional heating and hot water systems. Firebird Products Ltd are market-leading manufacturers of heating products with a proven track record built on the global supply of heating systems. Established in Ireland in 1980, the Firebird name has become synonymous with performance, quality and innovative design. At the forefront of technology, Firebird are committed to providing cost-effective, energy-efficient heating solutions that not only meet, but easily exceed today’s stringent legislative requirements. Historically an oil-fired boiler manufacturer, the product range has been expanded to include air source heat pumps, biomass boilers & stoves, solar thermal systems and underfloor heating systems. @firebirdboilers www.firebird.uk.com 3 Underfloor Heating Systems Underfloor heating is not a new concept and dates back to Roman times when hot gasses from a fire or furnace passed through a network of flues under the floor of the building. From the 1960’s onwards, various modern systems have been introduced which include expensive to run electric underfloor heating and steel pipes, which had expensive material costs. In 1975 plastic underfloor heating pipe was introduced into the UK which greatly reduced the material cost and allowed wider access to this highly efficient way of heating. Suitable for both new build and renovation projects, Envirofloor underfloor heating systems are ‘wet’ underfloor heating is the most efficient way suitable for a wide range of ground and upper to provide space heating as it is up to 25% more floor constructions. -
Life Cycle Assessment of Novel Heat Exchanger for Dry Cooling of Power
Applied Energy 271 (2020) 115227 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Applied Energy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apenergy Life cycle assessment of novel heat exchanger for dry cooling of power T plants based on encapsulated phase change materials ⁎ Lige Zhanga, Sabrina Spatarib,c, Ying Suna, a Drexel University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA b Drexel University, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA c Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Haifa 32000, Israel HIGHLIGHTS GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT • An air-cooled heat exchanger with high coefficient of performance (COP) is developed. • The novel heat exchanger (HX) is based on encapsulated phase change material (EPCM). • The EPCM HX is compared with wet cooling tower (WCT) and air-cooled condenser (ACC) • Compared with the WCT, the EPCM HX reduces 13.3% GHG emission and 72% water usage. • The EPCM HX achieves 2.5 × COP compared to ACCs at 11.5% reduced cost. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Cooling systems in power plants account for approximately 40% of total freshwater withdrawals in the U.S. Due Power plant cooling to dwindling access to freshwater resources worldwide, continued operation of wet cooling systems poses a Dry cooling technology significant engineering challenge. To reduce water consumption, a novel air-cooled heat exchanger hasbeen Phase change materials developed -
The Miracle of Insulation in Hot-Humid Climate Building
International Journal of Renewable Energy, Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2009 The Miracle of Insulation in Hot-Humid Climate Building Sarigga Pongsuwan Ph.D.Student, The Faculty of Architecture, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Tel: +66-81-4436682, Fax: +66-2-2184373, Email: [email protected] Abstract Building is a climate modifier for humans. Most designers today focus on functions in the buildings and leave the issue of human comfort conditions to engineers who use mechanical systems to modify the interior environment. Energy and CO2 emissions are influencing factors in the global warming phenomenon. One alternative in the solution of these problems is reducing energy consumption by using insulation materials in the building envelope. Insulation materials provide many benefits to the building, such as reducing energy consumption, increasing comfort, ease of installation, light weight, and low cost. For instance, proper insulation in the roof should consider time lag, insulation property, condensation, and thermal bridge. As a result, the benefits include reduced cooling requirements up to 10 times that of a conventional building, and improving mean radiant temperature (MRT) by approximately 30% thereby increasing human comfort. The results show that properly installed insulation will save half of the cooling load from the building envelope. Keywords: Thermal insulation materials, Building envelope, Energy conservation, Comfort, Application, Guidelines 1. Introduction The buildings in cities usually use mechanical air-conditioning systems for thermal comfort in occupied spaces. This requires producing electrical energy to support the demand. This is an important factor contributing to CO2 in the environment which in turn raises temperatures, i.e. the Green House Effect and Heat Island. -
Floor Heating and Cooling Systems
Energy Systems Floor heating and cooling systems System solutions for everything you need in heating Living full of energy The larger the area that radiates heat the more effective and economical its heating effect will be. The ideal room temperature using a floor heating system is 1 ºC to 2 ºC lower than for systems using conventional radiators. 2 Heating and cooling systems for convenient all-round comfort The demand for high-quality living Floor heating for a better quality of life spaces in both existing and new buildings is increasing all the time, and When choosing a suitable floor heating and this in turn creates an expectation of cooling system for modernisation or new state-of-the-art temperature control construction projects, the ultimate aim is to create a comfortable home environment. Whether it is for residential buildings, In addition, it will need to make optimal use offices and commercial premises, industrial of the available energy to ensure that the facilities, sports halls or open spaces – systems operate efficiently. what used to be exceptional is now the norm: heating and cooling systems opti- The level of thermal comfort experienced mised to individual needs and cleverly by every individual will depend on both designed to keep up with changing objective and subjective parameters. demands. It is therefore hardly surprising Measurable values include such factors as that the majority of planners and building air temperature, speed of air movement, owners looking for modern and advanced air exchange rate and air humidity. A high system solutions are now choosing floor level of thermal comfort is produced by heating and cooling systems.