Social Assessment Report of the Urban Center Flood Risk Management Subproject in Public Disclosure Authorized Ninghai County

World Bank-financed Ningbo Sustainable Urbanization Demonstration Project

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

National Resettlement Center for Resettlement (NRCR), Hohai University

October 2019 Public Disclosure Authorized

Contents 1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Background and Overview of the Subproject ...... 1 1.2 Purpose of SA ...... 1 1.3 Survey Process ...... 1 1.4 Methods ...... 2 1.5 Key Concerns ...... 2 2 Socioeconomic Profile of the Subproject Area ...... 6 2.1 Ninghai County ...... 6 2.2 Affected Townships / Sub-districts ...... 6 3 Stakeholder Analysis ...... 8 3.1 Subproject Area and Beneficiary Population ...... 8 3.2 Stakeholder Identification...... 8 3.3 Demand Analysis of Stakeholders ...... 8 4 Poverty Analysis ...... 10 4.1 Local Poverty ...... 10 4.2 Poverty Reduction Effects of the Subproject ...... 11 5 Social Gender Analysis ...... 12 5.1 Gender Composition of Local Population ...... 12 5.2 Social Gender Impacts of the Subproject ...... 12 5.2.1 Positive Impacts ...... 12 5.2.2 Negative Impacts...... 13 5.3 Social Gender Demand Analysis ...... 13 5.3.1 Attitude to the Subproject ...... 13 5.3.2 Need for Flood Control ...... 14 5.3.3 Need for Sludge Cleanup and Water Quality Improvement ...... 14 5.3.4 Need for Supporting Infrastructure ...... 14 6 Social Benefits and Risks of the Subproject ...... 15 6.1 Social Benefits ...... 15 6.1.1 Alleviating flood control pressure and improving the living environment ...... 15 6.1.2 Improving the infrastructure and living quality ...... 15 6.1.3 Increasing job opportunities of local residents, especially vulnerable groups ...... 15 6.1.4 Improving public environmental awareness, and community health and safety ...... 15 6.2 Social Risks...... 16 6.2.1 LA Risks ...... 16 6.2.2 Construction Risks ...... 16 6.2.3 Risks in Subsequent Operation and Management ...... 16 7 Public Participation and Consultation ...... 18 7.1 Early-stage Participation and Consultation ...... 18 7.1.1 Information Disclosure ...... 18 7.2 Public Participation Strategy ...... 21 7.2.1 Improving Public Participation in the Subproject ...... 21 7.2.2 Strengthening Community and School Publicity and Training on Flood Control ...... 21 7.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 23 8 Social Action Plan ...... 25 Appendix 1Key Interview Minutes ...... 27

Appendix 2 Fieldwork Photos...... 30

List of Tables Table 2-1 Socioeconomic Profile of Ninghai County in 2018 ...... 6 Table 3-1 Demographics of the Subproject Area ...... 8 Table 3-2 Summary of Needs of Stakeholders ...... 9 Table 4-1 MLS Statistics of Different Areas (2018) ...... 10 Table 4-2 Local MLS Statistics (2018) ...... 10 Table 4-3 Local Low-income Population ...... 10 Table 5-1 Local Female Population ...... 12 Table 7-1 Public Participation Activities at the Preparation Stage in Ninghai County .. 19 Table 7-2 Summary of Public Participation Outcomes ...... 20 Table 7-3 Grievance Registration Form ...... 24 Table 7-4 Contact Information for Grievance Redress ...... 24 Table 8-1 Social Action Plan ...... 25

List of Figures Figure 4-1 Flood Control and Disaster Relief Materials in Qian’ao Village...... 11 Figure 5-1 Laundering of Women in Zhuxi Village ...... 13 Figure 5-2 Current Situation of the Dianqianwang Brook ...... 14 Figure 7-1 Subproject Information Disclosure ...... 18

ABBREVIATIONS

AH - Affected Household AP - Affected Person FGD - Focus Group Discussion IA - Implementing Agency M&E - Monitoring and Evaluation MLS - Minimum Living Security PMO - Project Management Office SA - Social Assessment

Units

Currency unit = Yuan (RMB) US$1.00 = RMB6.00 1 hectare = 15 mu

1 Introduction 1.1 Background and Overview of the Subproject The Subproject is a subproject of the Ningbo Sustainable Urbanization Demonstration Project. The Subproject aims to improve the resistance of Ninghai County to flood risks. The engineering and non-engineering measures selected will make Ninghai County better prepared, and protect important assets and susceptible groups from potential floods. According to the Feasibility Study Report, the Subproject consists of 11 river management components, namely the Huailu River, Xunan Brook, Longyan Brook, Bamboo Brook, Meilin Brook, Dianqianwang Brook, Qiaoxiapan River, Lingjiao’aoli River, Xujia River, Puhu Lake , and Dongshan Flood Diversion Canal. See Table 1-1.

1.2 Purpose of SA The Subproject aims to improve the resistance of Ninghai County to flood risks. The engineering and non-engineering measures selected will make Ninghai County better prepared, and protect important assets and susceptible groups from potential floods. This SA aims to learn different stakeholders’ expectations and needs, and identify the Subproject’s positive and negative impacts through fieldwork, thereby helping the owner take a series of measures to ensure the extensive and fair participation of stakeholders, and maximize the Subproject’s benefits. Therefore, the main objectives of this SA are: 1) Identifying primary stakeholders, and learning their interests and needs through extensive participation; 2) Learning the Subproject’s potential social impacts, including positive and negative impacts, and potential social risks; 3) Promoting extensive public participation, especially the participation of women and the poor, and proposing a public participation strategy suited to local conditions; 4) Collecting local residents’ comments and suggestions on the Subproject; and 5) Developing a social action plan to evade project risks and realize the subproject objectives

1.3 Survey Process During March 25-27, April 24-26, May 13 and May 20-15, 2019, the task force conducted an SA survey and a supplementary survey in the subproject area with the support of the PMO and the agencies concerned, and communicated the changes to the Subproject and the survey findings with the feasibility study agency timely. During the survey, the task force conducted 23 men-times of in-depth interviews and 10 men-times of key informant interviews, and held 10 village-level FGDs.

1.4 Methods 1) Literature review During the survey, local socioeconomic statistics, policies, regulations, past experience, etc. were collected in the subproject area. 2) FGD 10 FGDs were held in 10 villages, with 43 participants in total, including 19 women, accounting for 44%; 24 people aged above 60 years, accounting for 49%; and 3 MLS residents, accounting for 7%, to learn local residents’ needs for and suggestions on the Subproject, impacts of the Subproject, etc. 3) Key informant interview 10 men-times of key informant interviews were conducted with agencies concerned, township governments, village committees, etc. to learn the Subproject’s impacts and potential risks, and collect needs and suggestions. 4) In-depth interview 23 men-times of in-depth interviews were conducted with residents in 10 villages, including 11 men-times of women, accounting for 47%, to learn local residents’ attitudes to and needs for the Subproject, and the Subproject’s potential impacts on them. 5) Observation Participatory observation was conducted on local rivers, flood control infrastructure, wastewater drainage systems, etc.

1.5 Key Concerns This SA will describe the socioeconomic profile of the subproject area, identify the primary stakeholders, analyze their needs, identify the Subproject’s positive and negative impacts, and potential social risks, analyze local women’s development, the Subproject’s impacts on them and their needs for the Subproject, analyze how to involve the stakeholders into the Subproject effectively, propose a public participation plan, incorporate the social factors related to the realization of the Subproject’s objectives into the project design, and propose measures to minimize negative impacts. This SA has the following key concerns: 1) Flood control: learning floods in and rivers in the subproject area, collecting residents’ comments on and needs for infrastructure, and how the Subproject will improve infrastructure; 2) Drainage: learning local rainwater and wastewater drainage, collecting residents’ comments on and needs for drainage, and how the Subproject will improve drainage; 3) Public participation: local residents’ participation in the Subproject, potential issues and mechanism, especially old people, women and the poor; 4) Social gender: women’s participation in project design, construction and implementation, and measures to ensure that women play an effective role in

improving project sustainability; 5) Poor population: poor population’s participation in the Subproject, the Subproject’s impacts on them, and how to ensure that they benefit from the Subproject; and 6) Community health and safety: learning risks of infectious and non-infectious diseases in the subproject area, and how the Subproject will improve community health and safety

Table 1-1 Scope of the Subproject Construction No. River Scope of construction Affected groups period 1) Managing the 3.07km segment from Qian’ao Village to Taoyuan North Road to resist once-in-20-years floods Qian’ao, Zhudong, Dec. 2019 – 1 Bamboo Brook 2) Arranging weir and dam structures, reducing river flow rate, and improving the water environment Zhukou Nov. 2021 3) Constructing flood banks of 5.64km, and reconstructing 9 weirs and dams 1) Managing a waterway of 4.82km, with a design river width of 8-20m and a riverbed level of 13.5-1m 2) Upstream segment: from the Shenhai Expressway to the south of Xiazheyang Village, to be straightened to comply with the plan Meiyuan, Oct. 2019 – 2 Huailu River 3) Downstream segment: from Jiu’an South Road to the Huangdun Harbor, consisting of two branches, where the Qiaotouhu Sep. 2021 north branch is 1.0km long, with a design river width of 15m and a riverbed level of 1.0m, and the south branch is 0.80km long, with a design river width of 20m and a riverbed level of 1.5-1.0m 1) Managing a waterway of 2,180m, in which the main waterway is 1,259m long, the new tributary 145m and the branch 776m long; 2) Constructing banks of 3,450m, including 1984m for the main waterway, 290m for the new tributary and 1,176m for the branch; Caohu, Houxilin Oct. 2019 – 3 Longyan Brook 3) Constructing a 2.5X1.2m regulating sluice; Shangchangtou, Sep. 2021 4) Constructing a weir and reconstructing 4 for the main waterway, constructing one for the new tributary and one Xiafanxi for the branch, constructing two tractor bridges, and burying 26 culverts with a total length of 210m; 5) Constructing 6 waterfront footpaths with a total length of 820m, 5 waterfront platforms and 17 river access paths 1) Managing a waterway of 2.02km, and constructing two weirs for impoundment Yuanfeng, Tu’ao, 2) Involving 6 bridges, including 3 tractor ones and 3 pedestrian ones Lingtou, Xinanxu, Mar. 2020 – 4 Xunan Brook XinanLiu, Luojia, Mar. 2021 Fanjia, Qianyang 1) Constructing banks for the M4+150-M6+490 segment and a 3×3m flood drainage sluice Tujia, Dingjia, Jul. 2020 – 5 Meilin Brook Dianqianwang Dec. 2021 Dianqianwang Managing a waterway of 1,014.2m to resist once-in-50-years floods for Meilin Sub-district Meilin, Daluzhou, Oct. 2019 – 6 Brook Wufu Sep. 2021 1) Managing a waterway of 2.93km, connecting lakes, and improving the surrounding water environment to resist Tang’anli, Dongshan once-in-20-years floods Wangshe, Jan. – Dec. 7 Flood Diversion 2) Managing a waterway of 2.93km, constructing flood banks of 5.616km and box culverts of 45m Zhukouchu, 2021 Canal Yangjia Lingjiao’aoli Managing a downstream waterway of 2.6km, and constructing two weirs and 7 tractor bridges Jan. – Dec. 8 Lingjiao River 2021 Managing a waterway of 2,500m, with a riverbed width of 10-20m, a riverbed level of 26.00-16.50m, an average Fanjia, Yanlin, Apr. 2020 – 9 Xujia River longitudinal gradient of 3.8‰, a design flood level of 26.30-19.50m, and constructing 4 tractor bridges Qianyang, Xujiaxin Mar. 2021 Flood control standard: once-in-20-years floods; flood drainage standard: no inundation within 24 hours for

once-in-20-years 24-hour rainstorms Constructing a waterway of 1.08km, pipelines of 5.6km, two diversion pump stations (5.0m3/s in total), 4 weirs, a Jun. 2020 – 10 Puhu Lake Beihu diversion work (1.0m3/s) and multiple valves Dec. 2021 1) Managing a waterway of 1.353km from Tianming Lake to Taoyuan North Road, connecting lakes, and Qiaoxiapan, Qiaoxiapan improving the surrounding water environment to resist once-in-20-years floods Xipangxu, May 2020 – 11 River 2) Constructing flood banks of 2.376km and box culverts of 215m Xingjiang, Apr. 2021 Liheyang

2 Socioeconomic Profile of the Subproject Area 2.1 Ninghai County Ninghai County is located in eastern Zhejiang Province, being an urban sub-center in southern Ningbo, with a land area of 1,843 km2 and a sea area of 88 km2, governing 4 sub-districts, 11 towns and 3 Xiangs with 41 communities and 363 villages. In 2018, the county’s GDP was 60.364 billion yuan, up 7.7%, in which the added value of primary industries was 4.34 billion yuan, up 2.5%; that of secondary industries 31.597 billion yuan, up 7.6%; and that of tertiary industries 24.427 billion yuan, up 8.9%, and the ratio of primary, secondary and tertiary industries was 7.2:52.3:40.5. Per capita GDP was 95,380 yuan, up 7.4%. At the end of 2018, the county had 233,037 households with 633,256 persons, including 326,403 males and 306,853 females. In 2018, urban residents’ per capita disposable income was 56,186 yuan, up 8.5%, and per capita nonproductive expenditure 35,44 yuan, up 9.4%; rural residents’ per capita disposable income was 31,069 yuan, up 9.4%, and per capita nonproductive expenditure 22,691 yuan, up 2.0%.① See Table 2-1.

Table 2-1 Socioeconomic Profile of Ninghai County in 2018 Item Unit 2018 1. Population 1) Number of households / 233037 2) Population 0,000 63.3256 Where: rural population 0,000 25.2377 2. Land area km2 1843 3. GDP 00 million yuan 542.20 1) Primary industries 00 million yuan 43.40 2) Secondary industries 00 million yuan 315.97 3) Tertiary industries 00 million yuan 244.27 4. Per capita GDP 0,000 yuan 9.5380 5. Per capita disposable income of urban residents yuan 56186 6. Per capita net income of rural residents yuan 31069

2.2 Affected Townships / Sub-districts The Subproject will affect 5 townships, which are Huangtan Town, and Meilin, Taoyuan, Qiaotouhu and Yuelong Sub-districts. Huangtan Town: This town is located west of the urban area of Ninghai County, enjoying convenient traffic, with a land area of 109 km2, governing 30 villages. At the end of 2018, this town had 9,581 households with 29,124 persons, including 15,120 males and 14,004 females. Meilin Sub-district: This sub-district is located in the north of the county town, enjoying convenient traffic, with a land area of 97 km2, governing 23 villages and 2 communities. At the end of 2018, this sub-district had 10,109 households with 26,413 persons, including 13,521 males and 12,892 females. Taoyuan Sub-district: This sub-district is located in the center of the new urban area, with a land area of 58 km2, governing 15 villages and 10 communities.

①Source: Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development 2018 of Ninghai County

At the end of 2018, this sub-district had 16,355 households with 42,991 persons, including 20,954 males and 22,037 females. Qiaotouhu Sub-district: This sub-district is located in the north of Ninghai County, with a land area of 59 km2, governing one community and 18 villages. At the end of 2018, this sub-district had 9,256 households with 24,181 persons, including 12,567 males and 11,614 females. Yuelong Sub-district: This sub-district is located in the central south of Ninghai County, being the seat of the Ninghai County Government, and the political, economic and cultural center of the county, with a land area of 117.25 km2, governing 15 communities and 27 villages. At the end of 2018, this sub-district had 43,465 households with 112,741 persons, including 55,786 males and 56,955 females.

3 Stakeholder Analysis 3.1 Subproject Area and Beneficiary Population The Subproject affects Huangtan Town, and Meilin, Taoyuan, Qiaotouhu and Yuelong Sub-districts. The direct beneficiary area is the above 4 sub-districts and one town, and the indirect beneficiary area is Ninghai County. The Subproject has a direct beneficiary population of 235,450 and an indirect beneficiary population of 633,256, including 117,502 females, accounting for 49.91%; and 117,948 males, accounting for 50.09%.

Table 3-1 Demographics of the Subproject Area Indirect beneficiary Direct beneficiary Where: Where: Division population population females males Ninghai County 633256 / 303963 329293 Subproject area: / 24181 11614 12567 Qiaotouhu Sub-district Yuelong Sub-district / 112741 56955 55786 Huangtan Town / 29124 14004 15120 Taoyuan Sub-district / 42991 22037 20954 Meilin Sub-district / 26413 12892 13521 Total 633256 235450 117502 117948

3.2 Stakeholder Identification Stakeholders refer to individuals or groups that can affect or be affected by the realization of the project objectives. Stakeholders can be divided into primary and secondary stakeholders. Through identification, primary stakeholders include local residents, especially women and the poor; local enterprises and stores; PMO, project initiator, and township governments; owner, design agency, etc.; contractors; government agencies concerned, etc.

3.3 Demand Analysis of Stakeholders According to the fieldwork, the needs of the stakeholders for the Subproject include: 1) Need for eliminating river flooding: Most rivers are faced with the risk of flooding, such as the narrow Dianqianwang Brook (2-3m), which would be flooded on rainy days, troubling residents in Meilin Village, and there is an urgent need to solve this problem; 2) Need for improving river water quality: Residents think that river water quality is related to wastewater discharge and sludge, but wastewater is still drained into rivers and some residents still throw waste into rivers directly; 3) Need for ecological footpaths: Local residents strongly expect high-quality ecological footpaths be constructed beside rivers to facilitate their daily activities; 4) Need for improving drainage network: Rainwater and wastewater has not been realized in some villages; 5) Need for an excellent ecological environment: Local stores expect the Subproject to build an excellent ecological environment to attract more visitors; 6) Need for improving infrastructure: Local enterprises and stores expect to improve the local infrastructure, especially old infrastructure, to improve their profitability; 7) Need for water system optimization: The ability to utilize water resources will be improved along with drainage, landscaping and irrigation. See Table 3-2. Interview with the head of Meilin Village (male): Our village would be inundated every year, but floods do not cause major losses. This is because the drainage system is outdated, and existing water systems are seriously damaged. A sound drainage system should be established to meet community residents’ needs.

Table 3-2 Summary of Needs of Stakeholders

Stakeholder Need Remarks Residents: including 1) Need for eliminating river flooding: Most rivers are 1) The Subproject aims to improve the resistance of Ninghai County to flood risks. The those affected by faced with the risk of flooding, such as the narrow engineering and non-engineering measures selected will make Ninghai County better construction and in the Dianqianwang Brook (2-3m), which would be flooded prepared, and protect important assets and susceptible groups from potential floods. beneficiary area on rainy days, troubling residents in Meilin Village, Therefore, this need is in line with the Subproject’s overall objectives. and there is an urgent need to solve this problem; 2) 2) The Subproject includes river dredging, bank and road construction, etc., and will not Need for improving river water quality: Residents damage the local water environment. It will improve the flood drainage and self-cleaning think that river water quality is related to wastewater capacity of local rivers, and help improve water quality. Therefore, this need is in line with the discharge and sludge, but wastewater is still drained Subproject’s overall objectives. into rivers and some residents still throw waste into 3) Except flood drainage, the functional requirements for ecology, landscaping and leisure rivers directly; 3) Need for ecological footpaths: Local should also be met. Ecological cross sections, vertical retaining walls and ecological residents strongly expect high-quality ecological footpaths will be built, thereby complying with the Subproject’s overall objectives. footpaths be constructed beside rivers to facilitate 4) Most sewer lines in the old urban area are of the combined type, and built to drain rains their daily activities; 4) Need for improving drainage that occur every 0.5-1 year. The existing sewer system does not have sufficient drainage network: Rainwater and wastewater has not been capacity, so its improvement is in line with the Subproject’s overall objectives. realized in some villages. Local enterprises and 1) Need for an excellent ecological environment: 1) The natural vegetation of the subproject area has disappeared, and been replaced by stores Local stores expect the Subproject to build an farmland ecosystems on which paddy rice, vegetables and fruit are grown, as well as shelter excellent ecological environment to attract more forests. The disturbed landform and vegetation will be partly restored through water and soil visitors; 2) Need for improving infrastructure: Local conservation measures. After the completion of the Subproject, the probability of the enterprises and stores expect to improve the local subproject area suffering floods will be reduced greatly, good to ecological improvement. infrastructure, especially old infrastructure, to Therefore, this need is in line with the Subproject’s overall objectives. improve their profitability. 2) The Subproject will further improve the local infrastructure, which is in line with the Subproject’s overall objectives. IA Need for solving the flood drainage problem of The Subproject will improve the capacity of the existing drainage system, and alleviate the Ninghai County negative impact of urbanization on flood drainage through 6 works, namely embankment reinforcement, river and sewer line dredging, infrastructure improvement, flood drainage and new river opening. Therefore, this need is in line with the Subproject’s overall objectives. PMO, owner, design Need for river ecology rehabilitation The Subproject will improve the ecological environment and living quality through sound agency, government water resources planning. Therefore, this need is in line with the Subproject’s overall agencies concerned objectives. County and township Need for water system optimization: The ability to The Subproject will alleviate the flood drainage pressure of the mainstream of the Huailu governments, and utilize water resources will be improved along with River, and improve the capacity of the drainage system of the Meilin area, and the quality of sub-district offices drainage, landscaping and irrigation. the water landscape. Therefore, this need is in line with the Subproject’s overall objectives.

4 Poverty Analysis 4.1 Local Poverty At the end of 2018, 455,368 local residents of Ninghai County were covered by endowment insurance, with a coverage rate of 90.4 %; 222,769 local residents were covered by medical insurance for urban employees, and 424,896 covered by basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents, with a coverage rate of 99.4%; 100% of poor local residents were covered by endowment and medical insurance. In 2018, loans totaling 2.7 billion yuan were granted to 35,000 LEFs, and the per capita monthly pension rose greatly. At the end of 2018, there were 7,002 MLS households with 9,371 persons in Ninghai County, accounting for 1.6% of the county’s registered population. See Table 4-1.

Table 4-1 MLS Statistics of Different Areas (2018) Rural MLS Urban MLS Rural MLS standard Urban MLS Division population population (yuan per capita per standard (yuan per (0,000) (0,000) month) capita per month) China 3520 1008 / / Zhejiang Province 59.2 22.3 730 739 Ningbo City / / 885 804 Ninghai County / / >=745 >=745 Subproject area: 0.0597 0.0011 Idem Idem Huangtan Town Yuelong Sub-district 0.0106 0.0008 Idem Idem Qiaotouhu Sub-district 0.0472 0.0041 Idem Idem Meilin Sub-district 0.0388 0.0019 Idem Idem Taoyuan Sub-district 0.0166 0.0015 Idem Idem Source: statistical bulletins 2018 on social service development (China); statistical bulletins 2018 on national economic and social development (Zhejiang, Ningbo) Note: The China, Zhejiang and Ningbo data is 2018 data, and the urban and rural MLS standards of Ninghai County are 2017 data.

Table 4-2 Local MLS Statistics (2018) Rural MLS Urban MLS Percentage to Percentage to Division HHs Population agricultural HHs Population nonagricultural population (%) population (%) Meilin Sub-district 194 266 1% / / / Taoyuan Sub-district 7 25 0.07% / / / Yuelong Sub-district 19 69 0.95% / / / Qiaotouhu Sub-district 241 372 2.70% 4 4 0.04% Huangtan Town 360 481 1.60% 1 1 0.50% Total 821 1213 1.26% 5 5 0.27% Source: data supplied by sub-district offices and township governments

Table 4-3 Local Low-income Population Per capita Population below 40% of Percentage of low income Township / sub-district income per capita income population to gross population Meilin Sub-district 16980 308 12% Qiaotouhu Sub-district 14020 1020 17% Yuelong Sub-district 31069 700 9.60% Huangtan Town 35620 120 1.60% Taoyuan Sub-district 51186 1136 20% Total 29775 3284 12% Source: data supplied by sub-district offices and township governments

4.2 Poverty Reduction Effects of the Subproject 1) Improving the living environment and living quality, and reducing flood-related expenses of low income population The Subproject will reduce urban floods effectively, and labor, material and financial inputs in flood control, and improve the flood resistance of the urban area. For some low income residents, their old houses are eroded by rainwater, and farmland is inundated in the flood period. Therefore, the Subproject will protect their houses and farmland from damages. Interview with a villager in Qian’ao Village (male): Some people in our village still live in old masonry timber houses, and would come to the village shelter during heavy rains. If the flood problem is solved, this will no longer happen. After all, one would feel bad if his/her house is inundated.

Figure 4-1 Flood Control and Disaster Relief Materials in Qian’ao Village

2) Promoting the development of secondary and tertiary industries, and improving living conditions of local residents Large quantities of building materials will be used for the Subproject. These materials will be purchased locally as long as they meet the quality standards. This will promote the development of relevant local industries, and local infrastructure construction, and make it possible to reduce poverty. 3) Promoting tourism development, and generating more income for local residents, especially low income residents The Subproject will improve local infrastructure and public spaces, thereby creating a better living environment for local residents, and attracting more tourists. This will in turn increase local residents’ income, and promote the development of other relevant industries, such as catering, accommodation and shopping. For example, villagers in Qian’ao Village expect to improve the community environment and promote local tourism through Bamboo Brook improvement. This will in turn promote the development of other industries, and make it possible for local residents to earn more money.

5 Social Gender Analysis 5.1 Gender Composition of Local Population At the end of 2018, Ninghai County had a resident population of 633,256, including 326,403 males and 306,853 females, accounting for 48.5%, with a gender ratio of 108.3. See Table 5-1.

Table 5-1 Local Female Population Gross Female Gender ratio Division HHs population population Percent (%) (female = 100) (0,000) (0,000) Ninghai County 233037 633256 303963 48.00% 108.3 Subproject area 88766 235450 117502 49.91% 100.4 Qiaotouhu Sub-district 9256 24181 11614 48.03% 108.2 Yuelong Sub-district 43465 112741 56955 50.52% 97.9 Taoyuan Sub-district 16355 42991 22037 51.26% 95.1 Meilin Sub-district 10109 26413 12892 48.81% 104.9 Huangtan Town 9581 29124 14004 48.08% 108.0 Source: Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development 2018 of Ninghai County

5.2 Social Gender Impacts of the Subproject Local women will benefit from the Subproject, but also affected adversely by the Subproject. This requires that more attention should be paid to their opinions, gender sensitivity maintained, and relevant measures to minimize negative impacts and maximize their development. 5.2.1 Positive Impacts 1) Reducing women’s labor intensity during the flood period During the flood period, women have to participate in flood control while doing housework, such as carrying and placing sandbags to resist floods, and cleaning up inundated farmland and houses after floods. If the flood problem is solved after the completion of the Subproject, women will not have to do these jobs. 2) Improving river water quality, the water environment and women’s living quality Different rivers vary in water quality, and improving water quality is proposed as an urgent need by local residents. River water quality is closely associated with women, because women wash clothes and mops in rivers. However, river water quality needs improvement due to the lack of regulation. The Dianqianwang Brook is of poor quality, and there are floating solids in it. Many local women wash clothes and mops in the brook. The Subproject will improve the surrounding environment and landscaping, and footpaths built under the Subproject will enable villagers to walk and do exercise in leisure time, thereby improving women’s living Subproject. In particular, the cleanup of sludge will be good news for women. Interview with a villager in Lingjiao Village (female): Our village has many activities, especially women’s activities organized by the women’s federation. We expect the surrounding environment to be improve, and footpaths and squares built so that we have more and better activity spaces.

Figure 5-1 Laundering of Women in Zhuxi Village

3) Increasing women’s income through employment under the Subproject Some unskilled, temporary or fixed jobs will be generated at the construction and operation stages, such as cleaner. These jobs will be first made available to women, the poor and other vulnerable groups. Women can also do jobs arising from local tourism and service development, such as attendant and cleaner. 4) Improving the infrastructure, and creating a pleasant and safe living environment for women In the subproject area, the existing riverside infrastructure is aged, insufficient and poorly landscaped. The Subproject will improve the infrastructure to meet women’s activity and living needs, and protect their personal safety. Interview with a villager in Wangshe Village (female): This river is poorly landscaped. I also want to walk beside the river in leisure time. I expect a footpath to be built as soon as possible. 5.2.2 Negative Impacts 1) Construction impacts First, construction will affect women’s traffic due to road occupation, the transport of building materials, and bridge construction. Second, environmental and noise pollution arising from construction will affect women’s physical and mental health. Third, construction will increase women’s housework because, because they will be unable to wash clothes in rivers. Finally, construction will pose potential safety risks to women, especially waterway broadening and ecological footpath construction. Adequate protective measures must be taken to avoid such risks, and local residents should also improve their safety awareness.

5.3 Social Gender Demand Analysis 5.3.1 Attitude to the Subproject Women highly support the Subproject, and think that its advantages overweigh its disadvantages, and will the Subproject improve their living quality in the long run. Construction impacts are temporary and acceptable, but the construction period should be preferably not too long. In addition, they think that the Subproject will promote local economic development and improve the living environment. Interview with a villager in Qiaotouhu Village (female): This river is poorly landscaped. I

also want to walk beside the river in leisure time. I expect a footpath to be built as soon as possible. 5.3.2 Need for Flood Control Women strongly expect that the inland inundation problem in the urban center be solved, because some villages and communities are faced with the risk of inland inundation during the rainy period. Villagers in and Meilin Villages say that their farmland and some houses would be inundated during heavy rains, so they expect that this problem be solved through river regulation and drainage improvement. 5.3.3 Need for Sludge Cleanup and Water Quality Improvement According to the some, solid waste is still dumped in some local rivers. Although rainwater and wastewater separation has been realized in most villages, it has not been realized in some villages, such as Wangshe Village. The Dianqianwang Brook is full of solid waste, mostly dumped by floating population, and the village committee has hired security guards to clean up solid waste and sludge in the river regularly, but there is little effect. River sludge is usually cleaned up on a small scale, and there is no specific measure for sludge disposal, resulting in river blocking and bad water quality, and bringing great inconvenience to local residents, especially women. 5.3.4 Need for Supporting Infrastructure There are still deficiencies in the existing riverside infrastructure. Villagers generally expect good landscaping, ecological footpaths and other supporting facilities to meet their leisure and recreational needs. In addition, villagers in Meilin Villages also expect the construction of barrages and other water facilities to guard against floods. Interview with a villager in Meilin Village (female, 52 years): We live in the lower segment of the river. There is no barrage here, and our farmland would be ruined whenever a flood occurs. In addition, some villagers dump solid waste into the river, almost blocking it.

Figure 5-2 Current Situation of the Dianqianwang Brook

6 Social Benefits and Risks of the Subproject 6.1 Social Benefits 6.1.1 Alleviating flood control pressure and improving the living environment The Subproject will reduce urban floods effectively, and labor, material and financial inputs in flood control, and improve the flood resistance of the urban area, and the riverside environment and landscape, hereby providing a good living and business environment for local residents and enterprises. Such rivers as the Huailu River and the Dianqianwang Brook have great flood risks for local residents, who would suffer from farmland house inundation during the rainy period. The Subproject will prevent floods through water infrastructure improvement, and improve the living environment through landscaping and footpath construction. 6.1.2 Improving the infrastructure and living quality The task force has found through the fieldwork that most of the existing infrastructure in the subproject area is weak, and public services are undersupplied, and there is an urgent need to improve the living environment, as detailed below: 1) Roads: Roads in some rural areas in Taoyuan Sub-district are still earth road, and would be unsuitable for walking on rainy days. 2) Drainage facilities: Local residents complain much about drainage. For example, villagers in Wangshe Village say that their houses have no sewer. The flood period of Ninghai County is as long as 6 months, during which some houses would be inundated during typhoons and heavy rains, accompanied by landslides and farmland inundation. It can be seen that the drainage systems of some villages are unsound. 3) River dredging: There are stones, mud and other foreign objects in some rivers, resulting in river blocking and difficult clothes washing. The Subproject will improve river water quality and the local infrastructure greatly, and provide more and better public service experiences to local residents, thereby improving their living quality and wellbeing, and leaving a good impression to visitors. Interview with a villager in Wangshe Village (female, 46 years): River overflow would occur during typhoons in summer, affecting our regular lives to a great extent. The Bamboo Brook is primitive, with neither footpath nor waterfront platform. I expect the brook environment be improved greatly and more facilities be set up. 6.1.3 Increasing job opportunities of local residents, especially vulnerable groups Temporary or permanent jobs will be generated at the construction and operation stages, such as temporary construction workers, and landscapers and maintainers after the completion of the Subproject. These jobs will be first made available to local residents, especially vulnerable residents and women who are able to work. 6.1.4 Improving public environmental awareness, and community health and safety Most villages / communities in the subproject area have been included in the urban water supply network. Except the Bamboo Brook (it is of good water quality, and villagers would wash clothes in it), few villagers are in direct contact with the other 10 rivers (including swimming, washing clothes, etc.), so there is almost no waterborne infectious or noninfectious disease. In addition, villagers dump solid waste into rivers in few areas. The Subproject will improve river water quality and the surrounding environment through river regulation and sewer network construction, reduce the incidence of diseases, and improve local residents’ environmental awareness, and

community health and safety.

6.2 Social Risks The Subproject will undoubtedly generate great economic and social benefits. However, potential social issues and risks may arise during project implementation and operation. During the survey, the task force conducted adequate consultation with different stakeholders on potential social risks and pertinent suggestions. 6.2.1 LA Risks The Subproject involves the acquisition of 353.544 mu of cultivated land (36.87 mu of basic farmland, 286.29 mu of ordinary farmland and 30.38 mu of garden land), 219.45 mu of collective construction land and 202.74 mu of unused land, affecting 1,148 households with 3,478 persons in 45 groups in 39 villages in 5 sub-districts / towns (Huangtan Town, and Meilin, Taoyuan, Qiaotouhu and Yuelong Sub-districts) in Ninghai County. LA may involve concerns about compensation rates, LA policies, land loss rates, compensation payment, etc. The LA compensation rates should be fixed and disclosed, and the LA policies disclosed as soon as possible, because the APs are most concerned about these rates. Suggestions: 1) LA should be minimized in project design and implementation, and full compensation provided to the APs; 2) Income and livelihood restoration measures will be taken to ensure that the APs participate in detailed project design, and minimize resettlement impacts; resettlement activities will be conducted in conjunction with local skills training; the permanently acquired land will be compensated for according to the applicable state laws and local policies. 6.2.2 Construction Risks First, construction will affect local traffic due to road occupation by construction machinery and materials, dust and waste produced during construction, the transport of construction materials, and bridge construction. For example, the construction of box culverts in the Huailu River Component involves the demolition and reconstruction of the enclosing walls of Ninghai Undergraduate Startup Park, affecting those working and studying in the park, and causing traffic inconvenience to them. Second, waste soil and wastewater produced by construction will pollute the surrounding environment, and even endanger the physical health of residents. Suggestions: Such construction impacts are temporary, and will disappear when construction is completed. However, effective measures should still be taken to reduce such impacts: 1) Publicity should be conducted properly before construction, construction information disclosed to nearby residents, and safety measures taken in advance. Construction should be conducted in stages, and overnight construction avoided where possible; the noise, dust and vibration standards should be complied with, dust and noise control measures taken, and waste disposed of timely; 2) Signs should be set up on construction sites and key road segments; 3) Construction safety management should be included in the construction contract, and safety awareness education for construction workers strengthened. 6.2.3 Risks in Subsequent Operation and Management Although the Subproject will improve the riverside environment and local residents’ living quality, it will be faced with subsequent operation and management risks. 1) Risks of public infrastructure maintenance Infrastructure construction aims to improve the living environment and provide leisure facilities. However, infrastructure has to be maintained and managed to maximize their functions.

Maintenance is as important as construction, and only these two aspects are combined organically can infrastructure generate more benefits for local residents. Suggestions: 1) A sound management system should be established; 2) Infrastructure maintenance and management staff should be recruited to involve local residents in maintenance and management. 2) Risks of risk management and staffing In the subproject area, sub-district offices and village committees are responsible for routine river maintenance, and a security guard is hired in each village to clean up solid waste in rivers. In addition to security guards, further staff should be assigned for routine river management, especially solid waste and sludge cleanup. Suggestion: Temporary cleaners should be recruited and subsidies granted when necessary.

7 Public Participation and Consultation 7.1 Early-stage Participation and Consultation At the preparation stage, the Bank mission, feasibility study agency, EIA agency and resettlement planning agency conducted a social survey in the subproject area to collect needs and suggestions from the public, and improve the project design. This report has been prepared on the basis of public participation activities, such as FGD, in-depth interview, stakeholder discussion and key informant interview. 7.1.1 Information Disclosure From 2018 to 2019, the feasibility study agency introduced the background and purpose of the Subproject to the APs, village officials, technicians, etc., collected their comments, and visited the sites to prepare for the drafting of the feasibility study report. During March 24-28, 2019, the resettlement planning agency, EIA agency and SA agency disclosed project information, learned local production and living conditions, collected comments and suggestions on the Subproject, introduced applicable policies, and discussed restoration programs in the affected villages. During April 24-26 and May 20-25, 2019, the task force conducted a supplementary survey on the Subproject to learn implementation progress, changes, and socioeconomic survey findings. On April 9, 2019, project information was disclosed on the websites of the Ninghai County Development and Reform Bureau, and other government agencies concerned. See Figure 7-1.

Figure 7-1 Subproject Information Disclosure

2) FGD From March to May 2019, 10 FGDs were held in 10 villages, with 43 participants in total, including 19 women, accounting for 44%; 24 people aged above 60 years, accounting for 49%; and 3 MLS residents, accounting for 7%, to learn local residents’ needs for and suggestions on the Subproject, impacts of the Subproject, etc. 3) In-depth interview From March to May 2019, 23 men-times of in-depth interviews were conducted with residents in 18

10 villages, including 11 men-times of women, accounting for 47%, to learn local residents’ attitudes to and needs for the Subproject, and the Subproject’s potential impacts on them. 4) Key informant interview From March to May 2019, 10 men-times of key informant interviews were conducted with agencies concerned, township governments, village committees, etc. to learn the Subproject’s impacts and potential risks, and collect needs and suggestions. See Tables 7-1 and 7-2.

Table 7-1 Public Participation Activities at the Preparation Stage in Ninghai County No. Method Time Venue Participants Remarks Mar. 24 – Learning basic village information, Information Affected Task force, PMO, 1 May 26, collecting comments from APs, and disclosure villages APs 2019 discussing restoration measures Learning basic village information, and Mar. 24 – Affected Task force, PMO, collecting local residents’ attitudes to, 2 FGD May 26, villages APs needs for and comments on the 2019 Subproject Learning production and living conditions, Mar. 24 – In-depth Affected Task force, PMO, positive and negative impacts of the 3 May 26, interview villages APs Subproject, and their attitudes to and 2019 suggestions on the Subproject Collecting their comments and Key Mar. 24 – PMO, agencies Affected suggestions on the Subproject, with focus 4 informant May 26, concerned, villages on how to implement the Social Action interview 2019 township officials Plan

Table 7-2 Summary of Public Participation Outcomes Main activity Time Participants Key comments and suggestions Public participation result 1. Learning residents’ comments on Mar. 23 – Task force, owner, Most residents think that some rivers have Through communication with the PMO and existing rivers through interviews with Jun. 10, PMO, sub-district serious inland inundation and risks, and agencies concerned, the project design will be village heads and residents 2019 office should be improved. optimized based local residents’ comments and needs. 2. Learning residents’ comments on Mar. 23 – Task force, owner, Residents think that river water quality is Through communication with the owner, PMO, river water quality, sludge, etc. Jun. 10, PMO, sub-district related to wastewater discharge and feasibility study agency, EIA agency and through interviews with village heads 2019 office sludge, and that the river should be further government agencies concerned, local residents’ and residents dredged and villagers prevented from comments will be adopted to improve river water dumping solid waste into the river. quality. 3. Learning residents’ comments on Mar. 23 – Task force, owner, Most residents think that some ecological Through communication with the owner, PMO, riverside facilities and needs through Jun. 10, PMO, sub-district footpaths should be built along rivers for feasibility study agency, EIA agency and interviews with village heads and 2019 office leisure and recreation. government agencies concerned, ecological residents footpaths will be set up along rivers. 4. Learning residents’ comments on Mar. 23 – Task force, owner, The sewer networks of some villages Through communication with the owner, feasibility drainage and needs through Jun. 10, PMO, sub-district should be improved. study agency, sewer network construction will be interviews with village heads and 2019 office included in the project design. residents 5. Learning residents' willingness to Mar. 23 – Task force, owner, Village officials and villages expect to Through communication with the owner and PMO, participate in the Subproject and Jun. 10, PMO, sub-district participate in project construction, the PMO will have villager representatives, needs through interviews with village 2019 office especially some women. women, old people, etc. attend relevant meetings, heads and residents, and FGDs and make jobs generated by the Subproject first available to local residents, especially women. 6. Learning construction impacts on Mar. 23 – Task force, owner, Residents expect to be free from Through communication with the owner and PMO, residents and precautions through Jun. 10, PMO, sub-district construction impacts, such as noise, dust the environmental management plan for interviews with village heads and 2019 office and slag. Construction should be notified to construction will be complied strictly with during residents, and FGDs them in advance, conducted in stages, and construction to minimize noise and dust pollution; not conducted at night, and safety publicity construction information will be disclosed, and given properly. safety measures taken.

7.2 Public Participation Strategy 7.2.1 Improving Public Participation in the Subproject In order to ensure successful project implementation, minimize potential negative impacts, and make the Subproject sustainable, a sound public participation mechanism should be established at all stages. 1) At the preparation stage, the PMO and agencies concerned disclosed project information to local residents, and collected their comments and suggestions. 2) 40% of unskilled jobs generated at the construction stage will be first made available to women, the poor and other vulnerable groups. Noise pollution during construction should be minimized; construction workers should be made to respect local cultural and living customs; women should be involved in project management; information disclosure should be conducted timely; features and needs of women and vulnerable groups should be considered in construction safety training, and training conducted flexibly in mode and time to benefit more people. 3) At the operation stage, project and resettlement information should be disclosed by various means to protect the right to know of the public; on the other hand, a smooth grievance redress mechanism should be established, and inquiry hotlines set up. See Table 7-2.

Table 7-1 Summary of Public Participation Activities at Different Stages Stage Type Activity Mode Participants Responsible 1) Disclosing project information; FGD; in-depth Local PMO, FS

reparation 2) Collection local residents’ comments interview residents, agency, IA, Subproject and suggestions on the Subproject, such PMO, agencies design as infrastructure improvement, river agencies concerned optimization landscaping and construction safety; concerned

3) Giving feedback to the PMO, FS agency, etc.

mplementation 1) Coordinating relations among all Collection of Construction PMO, IA, parties, and reflecting residents’ opinions; comments via participants, agencies Participation 2) Establishing selection criteria for village including concerned in project construction workers; committees women, the construction 3) Supervising compensation payment; poor, APs, 4) Training on construction safety; PMO, IA 5) Participation in project construction

Operation 1) Establishing a participatory M&E Interview, FGD, Agencies PMO, IA, M&E and mechanism that includes internal and questionnaire concerned agencies grievance external monitoring; survey; appeal Village concerned redress 2) Establishing an effective feedback hotline; official committees system website PMO

7.2.2 Strengthening Community and School Publicity and Training on Flood Control 1. Community level 1) Experience of existing autonomous organizations The experience of existing autonomous organizations in the subproject area is summed up as follows: ⚫ Qiaoxiapan Village, Taoyuan Sub-district: The village committee issues notices through WeChat groups (representative group, women’s group, CPC members’ group, etc.), bulletin boards and telephone. ⚫ Qiaotouhu Village, Qiaotouhu Sub-district: Residents file appeals through WeChat and DingTalk groups (including users of different age groups from 20 to 70 years, with a high

participation rate and strict rules). A women’s organization with 9 members has been established through election to organize women’s activities. ⚫ Wangshe Village, Taoyuan Sub-district: A village congress is held regularly, with 1/3 of participants being women. Notices are issued through DingTalk and WeChat. In addition, village officials are on duty in rotation to handle villagers’ grievances and appeals. 2) Guiding existing autonomous organizations to pay attention to and give publicity on flood control Infrastructure and public traffic facility maintenance, and publicity on flood control and ecology may be conducted by existing autonomous organizations to realize total community participation. For example, the environmental action team of a village is composed of villagers with environmental awareness, and includes old people, women and the poor. Such team gives publicity and education on community safety and flood control, and promotes community participation to ensure that the village benefits from the Subproject. a) Scope of work The main duties of village / community autonomous organizations are as follows: i) Assisting the PMO in disclosing project information and giving feedback by various means, such as brochure, poster, slogan, broadcast, TV, website and meeting. ii) Organizing publicity and education on flood control and environmental protection regularly, in which with over 30% of participants are women, accepting residents’ inquiries about flood control and environmental protection, and summing up such activities for improvement; iii) Helping residents find jobs, making jobs first available to women, the poor and other vulnerable groups, and assisting in settling labor disputes between residents and employers; iv) Giving advice on local publicity and education activities v) Notices are issued, and publicity and education on flood control given through WeChat and DingTalk groups. vi) Activities such as knowledge contests on flood control and environmental protection are organized through grass-root organizations like women’s federations to involve residents. b) Work plan A work plan for the participation of village / community autonomous organizations in project design, implementation, management and M&E has been established in consultation with agencies and persons concerned. See Table 7-3.

Table 7-2 Summary of Public Participation Activities at Different Stages Stage Type Activity Mode Remarks 1) Disclosing project information; Posting; village PMO Project 2) Distributing the project brochure; congress; interview Design design 3) Collecting comments and suggestions from optimization residents; Giving feedback to the PMO, water bureau, etc. FGD; written material Project 1) Making contacts with the water bureau on flood FGD; video; written PMO, water construction control issues; material bureau

mplementation and 2) Attending training on flood control issues and operation measures, encouraging women’s participation, etc. 1) Giving publicity on flood control and Classroom teaching, PMO, water environmental protection; Q&A; poster, slogan, bureau, 2) Helping residents find jobs, making 40% of jobs broadcast, TV, women’s Publicity first available to women, the poor and other website federation,

and training vulnerable groups; education 3) Offering training on environmental awareness in bureau villages, in which at least 30% participants are 22

Stage Type Activity Mode Remarks women; 4) Giving publicity on environmental awareness at schools Participation Supervising project implementation, and giving Interview, FGD, PMO, IA, M&E M&E inputs into internal and external M&E questionnaire survey agency M&E mechanism Grievance Establishing a feedback system for the Project Appeal hotline PMO, IA redress

2. School level Full play will be given to the demonstrating and guiding role of education in flood control and environmental protection publicity to improve students’ environmental awareness, and such education will be extended to families so that parents are educated as well. 3. Contractor level In routine management, the contractor will take the following management measures: 1) strengthening publicity and education on water and soil conservation to improve the awareness of the contractor’s management staff; 2) examining the qualification of each bidder strictly, and including water and soil conservation measures in the scope of bidding; 3) developing a detailed water and soil conservation program, and strengthening management to ensure that water and soil conservation measures are designed, implemented and completed together with the main part of the Subproject.

7.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism A grievance redress mechanism has been established to ensure the successful implementation of resettlement. Stage 1: If an AP’s rights are infringed on in any aspect of resettlement, he/she may file an appeal to the village committee or township government, which shall record such appeal and solve it within two weeks. Stage 2: If the AP is dissatisfied with the disposition of Stage 1, he/she may file an appeal to the Ninghai PMO within one month after receiving such disposition, which shall make a disposition within two weeks. Stage 3: If the AP is still dissatisfied with the disposition of Stage 2, he/she may file an appeal to the Ningbo PMO within one month after receiving such disposition, which shall make a disposition within two weeks. Stage 4: If the AP is still dissatisfied with the disposition of Stage 3, he/she may file a suit in a civil court in accordance with the Civil Procedure Law of the PRC after receiving such disposition. At any stage, an AP may bring a suit in a civil court directly. The APs may also present appeals in M&E reports through the external M&E agency for handling by the Bank’s project management team. An AP may also file an appeal with the Office of the Bank’s Special Facilitator or Compliance Review Panel in accordance with the Bank’s accountability mechanism. All grievances, oral or written, will be reported to the Bank in internal and external resettlement monitoring reports. All agencies will accept grievances and appeals from the APs for free, and costs so reasonably incurred will be disbursed from the contingencies. At the whole construction stage, the above procedure will remain effective so that the APs can use it to solve relevant issues. The above appeal channel will be disclosed to the APs via the RIB and mass media.

Table 7-3 Grievance Registration Form Accepting agency: Time: Location: Proposed Appellant Appeal Expected solution Actual handling solution

Recorder Appellant (signature) (signature) Notes: 1. The recorder should record the appeal and request of the appellant factually. 2. The appeal process should not be interfered with or hindered whatsoever. 3. The proposed solution should be notified to the appellant within the specified time.

Table 7-4 Contact Information for Grievance Redress Agency Name Address Tel Section Chief Ninghai PMO County development and reform bureau 0574-65326335 Chen Section Chief NCWB No.358 Qixiang North Road 0574-65582392 Chen Taoyuan Sub-district Director Dong Taoyuan Sub-district Office 0574-59956239 Yuelong Sub-district Director Tong Yuelong Sub-district Office 0574-65579555 Qiaotouhu Sub-district Director Ren Qiaotouhu Sub-district Office 0574-65160919 Meilin Sub-district Director Lin No.20 Meishen Road, Meilin Sub-district 0574-59956225 Agricultural Office of the Huangtan Town Huangtan Town Director Fang 0574-65273604 Government

8 Social Action Plan The Social Action Plan of the Subproject has been developed in consultation with the Ninghai PMO, IA and agencies concerned. See Table 8-1.

Table 8-1 Social Action Plan Risk Measures or actions Actors Time Funding Monitoring indicators 1. LA risks a) Develop a detailed RAP; PMO, owner, RAP Preparation, Project a) RAP b) Pay special attention to the income restoration of preparation agency, construction budget vulnerable groups in the RAP. external M&E agency 2) Job a) The PMO should recruit women to carry out PMO, contractor, labor Construction Contractor a) Number of vulnerable people doing unskilled opportunities relevant work; bureau, village budget jobs at the construction stage; for vulnerable b) A certain percentage of women should be hired committees, local b) Number of vulnerable people doing public groups at the operation stage, such as cleaner; women welfare jobs at the operation stage; c) Offer training for women’s recruitment and c) Location, scope and frequency of female employment; employees d) Make unskilled jobs first available to women and other vulnerable groups; e) Provide labor remuneration not less than the local minimum wage standard, and grant a subsidy for environmental supervision. 3) Promoting a) Not less than 50% of participants in public Design agency, Construction, Project a) Number of public participation activities, women’s participation activities at the preparation stage contractor, owner, operation budget, number of female participants, and minutes; participation should be women; agencies concerned, government b) Number and proportion of female members, at all stages b) Compensation should be received after township finance feedback and suggestions; signature by a couple; governments, village c) Signature of women; c) Each project agency should have at least one committees, local d) Number of female members in project female member; women, poor people agencies; d) Conduct project publicity at times and locations, e) Time, location and mode of publicity and and in forms suitable for women; training e) Tailor publicity to women’s cognition. f) Number of women trained 4) Improving a) Strengthen publicity and education on public Contractor, health Construction Project a) Provisions of construction contract, and community health, including epidemic diseases, and include bureau, owner, budget, implementation; health this in construction contracts; women’s federation, budget of b) Number of participants in training on disease b) Include public health education in construction township health prevention; contracts for effective performance; governments, village bureau c) Number of health centers; c) Establish a physical checkup mechanism for committees d) Quantities of publicity materials on disease construction staff (i.e., setting up temporary prevention at the construction stage infirmaries and utilizing local medical resources); 25

Risk Measures or actions Actors Time Funding Monitoring indicators d) Conduct diversified publicity on disease prevention (brochure, poster, album, etc.). 5) a) Avoid construction vehicles from affecting PMO, contractor Preparation, EMP budget a) Deceleration strips and warning signs; Construction surrounding crops and threatening personal safety; construction b) Grievances about environmental pollution risks b) Take measures to control noise; and handling; c) Sprinkle access roads regularly to prevent flying c) Inclusion of construction safety management dust; in construction contracts, and safety awareness d) Avoid overnight construction where possible. publicity and education; d) Number of signs and repaired public facilities

Appendix 1Key Interview Minutes

Interviews in Meilin Villages, Meilin Sub-district Date: May 23, 2019 Venue: Meilin Sub-district Office Interviewee: heads of Meilin Villages, PMO, task force Contents: Basic information: Meilin Village has 670 households with 1,700 persons, including over 600 laborers, about 200 mu of cultivated land. The village’s annual income is about 300,000 yuan. The existing drainage system is backward, and the water system is seriously damaged. Dredging: River sludge is usually cleaned up on a small scale, and there is no specific measure for sludge disposal. Recruitment: There are many enterprises here, and most employees are locals. Solid waste: Some people dump solid waste into the river. Environmental protection: The village committee has hired security guards to clean up solid waste and sludge in the river regularly. Women: Women take part in diverse recreational activities, such as dancing, singing, ball playing, shadow boxing and yoga. Such activities are organized for local women only. Training: Training is not necessary, because the local population is small, and many locals are doing business outside. Grievance redress: Public affairs are usually notified and grievances handled at village congresses.

Interview in Qiaoxiapan Village, Taoyuan Sub-district Date: May 24, 2019 Venue: Taoyuan Sub-district Office Interviewee: officials and villagers of Qiaoxiapan Village, task force Contents: Basic information: Qiaoxiapan Village has 120 households with 650 persons, including about 300 laborers, and the per capita cultivated area is very small because it is a resettlement community. Annual per capita net income is 20,000-30,000 yuan. Poor households: There are 5 or 6 MLS households in the village, and their causes of poverty include bad health and old age. All eligible LEFs have been included in endowment insurance for LEFs. Basic needs: This village is unlikely to be inundated because there is no river nearby. However, inland inundation would occur in the rainy period due to poor drainage infrastructure. In addition, local water quality is bad due to wastewater discharge by enterprises. Villagers have few places for leisure activities. Public participation: The village committee issues notices through WeChat groups (representative group, women’s group, CPC members’ group, etc.), bulletin boards and telephone.

Interview with the head of Wangshe Village Date: May 24, 2019 Venue: activity room of Wangshe Village Interviewee: head of Wangshe Village Contents: Basic information: The village has 126 households with 289 persons, and over 780 migrant laborers. The existing sewer network is unsound, and many residents wash clothes in the Bamboo Brook Poor households: There are 4 MLS households and a five-guarantee household in the village. They are not LEFs, and not eligible for endowment insurance. Basic needs: The village is run through by the Bamboo Brook. River overflow would occur during typhoons in summer, affecting our regular lives to a great extent. The Bamboo Brook is primitive, with neither footpath nor waterfront platform. Villagers expect the brook environment be improved greatly and more facilities be set up. Public participation: A village congress is held regularly, with 1/3 of participants being women. Notices are issued through DingTalk and WeChat. In addition, village officials are on duty in rotation to handle villagers’ grievances and appeals.

Interview with a villager in Qiaotouhu Village Date: May 23, 2019 Venue: Qiaotouhu Village Committee Interviewee: resident Ms Ma Contents: Basic information: Ms Ma is 51 years old, has received primary school education, and runs an apparel shop, with monthly income of 4,000-5,000 yuan. Her family has 3 members, including her son and husband. Her husband is a security guard, and his son, 26 years old, works in Ninghai. Her family has 3 commercial houses. Her husband is in charge of family affairs. Rivers: The Meilin Brook and the Huailu River run through the village. A flood occurred last year due to a typhoon, and the sewer was blocked. Community measures: The village committee grants compensation of 1,000 yuan per flood (or even 2,000 yuan for serious floods). The village committee would grant sandbags and offer assistance during floods. A flood is notified before a typhoon by the village committee to all households. Sludge disposal: Draining by a water pump Attitude to river management: She is satisfied with river management in the village, and there are leisure and walking spaces beside the rivers. Attitude to construction: She will not participate in river construction because she runs the shop; construction has little impact on her life. Living environment: She is satisfied with the living environment.

Wastewater drainage: Wastewater is now drained in a unified manner, and was drained into the rivers (6-7 years ago); There is no solid waste in the rivers, and a security guard is responsible for cleanup; She thinks that the village does well in flood control.

Interview with the Ninghai County Water Bureau Date: May 23, 2019 Venue: Ninghai County Water Bureau Interviewee: Section Chief Chen of the water bureau Contents: 1. Floods: There would be one or two floods caused by typhoons every year. The flood control system of the bureau can predict the water level. 2. Flood control: Flood drainage spaces have been occupied, and flood risks increased due to urban development. 3. Dredging: There is little sludge due to high slopes, and sludge is disposed of by the sub-district office. 4. Local residents: The floating population is composed mainly of migrant workers from Lishui and Guizhou, and local residents and migrant workers would participate in project construction. 5. Future planning: Tourism and landscaping will be developed under unified planning. 6. Wastewater: Rainwater and wastewater separation has been realized. The drainage infrastructure will be constructed from October to July to avoid the flood period. 7. Information disclosure: The website of the bureau would disclose approval and planning information from time to time. Information disclosure for the Subproject has not been conducted because publicity has not begun. 8. Management: The Subproject will be managed by the sub-district office, and any problem that cannot be solved by it will be reported to the bureau. 9. Solid waste: The sub-district office hires cleaners to clean up the river. The bank vegetation is cultivated by the contractor and managed by the sub-district office. A company may be established for management. 10. Construction: Construction produces noise, but it is not serious because construction is usually conducted in the daytime.

Appendix 2 Fieldwork Photos

Interview with a villager in Wangshe Village Interview at the Yuelong Sub-district Office

Interview at the land and resources bureau Current Situation of the Dianqianwang Brook

Qiaoxiapan River Interview with a villager in Qiaotouhu Village

Interview with the women’s head in Qiaotouhu Interview at the water bureau Village

Interview in Meilin Sub-district Interview in Meilin, Choujia and Fangqian Villages

Interview with the head and a villager in Qiaoxiapan Interview with a villager in Qiaoxiapan Village Village

Interview at the Taoyuan Sub-district Office Interview with a villager in Wangshe Village 31

Puhu Lake Xujia River

Lingjiao’aoli River Interview in Qian’ao Village