Souvenirs from Malbork
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Location Indicators by Indicator
ECCAIRS 4.2.6 Data Definition Standard Location Indicators by indicator The ECCAIRS 4 location indicators are based on ICAO's ADREP 2000 taxonomy. They have been organised at two hierarchical levels. 12 January 2006 Page 1 of 251 ECCAIRS 4 Location Indicators by Indicator Data Definition Standard OAAD OAAD : Amdar 1001 Afghanistan OAAK OAAK : Andkhoi 1002 Afghanistan OAAS OAAS : Asmar 1003 Afghanistan OABG OABG : Baghlan 1004 Afghanistan OABR OABR : Bamar 1005 Afghanistan OABN OABN : Bamyan 1006 Afghanistan OABK OABK : Bandkamalkhan 1007 Afghanistan OABD OABD : Behsood 1008 Afghanistan OABT OABT : Bost 1009 Afghanistan OACC OACC : Chakhcharan 1010 Afghanistan OACB OACB : Charburjak 1011 Afghanistan OADF OADF : Darra-I-Soof 1012 Afghanistan OADZ OADZ : Darwaz 1013 Afghanistan OADD OADD : Dawlatabad 1014 Afghanistan OAOO OAOO : Deshoo 1015 Afghanistan OADV OADV : Devar 1016 Afghanistan OARM OARM : Dilaram 1017 Afghanistan OAEM OAEM : Eshkashem 1018 Afghanistan OAFZ OAFZ : Faizabad 1019 Afghanistan OAFR OAFR : Farah 1020 Afghanistan OAGD OAGD : Gader 1021 Afghanistan OAGZ OAGZ : Gardez 1022 Afghanistan OAGS OAGS : Gasar 1023 Afghanistan OAGA OAGA : Ghaziabad 1024 Afghanistan OAGN OAGN : Ghazni 1025 Afghanistan OAGM OAGM : Ghelmeen 1026 Afghanistan OAGL OAGL : Gulistan 1027 Afghanistan OAHJ OAHJ : Hajigak 1028 Afghanistan OAHE OAHE : Hazrat eman 1029 Afghanistan OAHR OAHR : Herat 1030 Afghanistan OAEQ OAEQ : Islam qala 1031 Afghanistan OAJS OAJS : Jabul saraj 1032 Afghanistan OAJL OAJL : Jalalabad 1033 Afghanistan OAJW OAJW : Jawand 1034 -
Castle of the Teutonic Order in Malbork
medieval Europe. The Great Refectory of the Middle Castle is another structure of exceptional value, even on a global scale. This is due to the superb systems of proportions and the innovatory artistic form of the vaulting, supported on slender columns. It is one of the most magnificent and elegant secular interiors that European Gothie architecture produced. The architectural and aesthetic qualities of Malbork Castle are heightened by its exceptionally picturesque location on the banks of the river Nogat. Identification Criteria i, ü, and iv Nomination The Castle of the Teutonic Order Malbork Castle is generally accepted as an in Malbork architectural work of unique character. Many of the methods used by its builders in handling technical Location Elblag Voivodate and artistic problems (among them the design and construction of the vaulting and portais and the use State Party Republic ofPoland of architectural sculpture) greatly influenced not only subsequent casties of the Teutonic Order but Date 19 July 1996 also other Gothie buildings in a wide region of north eastern Europe. Thus the Castle is incontestably one of the most important examples of Gothie brick architecture in ali Europe. Criterion ii Malbork Castle was built in such a way as to make Justification by State Party use of the rich repertoire of medieval defensive architecture on an exceptionally large scale. At the Malbork Castle is a coherent architectural same tirne it was an architecturally perfectly planned composition, which in its entirety possesses economie, military, and administrative centre not enormous artistic and historical-scientific value. only ofthe extensive Teutonic Order with branches Individual building groups within the complex are ali over Europe but also of the rnighty state that it also very important architectural monuments in their founded here. -
Program Ochrony Środowiska Miasta I Gminy Nowy Staw
Urząd Miasta i Gminy Nowy Staw PROGRAM OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA MIASTA I GMINY NOWY STAW Wersja robocza opracowanie: Zakład Geoekologii Stosowanej Instytut Gospodarki Przestrzennej i Mieszkalnictwa Warszawa, 2004 SPIS TREŚCI SPIS TREŚCI....................................................................................................................................... 2 1. WSTĘP................................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1. Podstawa wykonywania opracowania...........................................................................................5 1.2. Metodyka wykonania programu....................................................................................................5 2. CHARAKTERYSTYKA MIASTA I GMINY NOWY STAW...........................................................5 2.1. Informacje ogólne..........................................................................................................................5 2.2. Położenie geograficzne, główne cechy środowiska...................................................................... 6 2.2.1. Położenie geograficzne..........................................................................................................................6 2.2.2. Budowa geologiczna..............................................................................................................................7 2.2.3. Rzeźba terenu....................................................................................................................................... -
Proposal for a U.S. Permanent Presence in Poland
Proposal for a U.S. Permanent Presence in Poland 2018 Ministry of National Defence Republic of Poland Contents I. Forward .................................................................................................................................... 3 II. Poland-U.S. Relationship .......................................................................................................... 5 Background .............................................................................................................................. 5 Elevating the Relationship ........................................................................................................ 7 Proposal for Permanent U.S. Presence in Poland ..................................................................... 9 III. Geopolitical Considerations ................................................................................................... 10 Suwalki Gap ............................................................................................................................ 10 NATO-Russia Founding Act ..................................................................................................... 12 Counter Russian Permanent Forces in Belarus ....................................................................... 14 IV.Burden Sharing ....................................................................................................................... 15 V. Military and Development Assistance for U.S.-Led Initiatives ............................................... -
Mennonites in Poland: an Expanded Historical View
Mennonites in Poland: An Expanded Historical View JohnFriesen Canadian Mennonite Bible College In the sixteenth century, Danzig, West Prussia and Prussia were all part of the United Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania. Poland had gained control over this area in the fifteenth century. When Mennonites settled in this area, they thus settled in areas which were under Polish rule. This paper will suggest some of the implications of interpreting the Mennonite experience in the Vistula and Nogat River regions within the context of Poland. The study is thus a conscious attempt to broaden the traditional interpretation of this region which has tended to place its history largely within the context of Prussian and German histories. All histories interpret from some standpoint and perspective within history. It is quite understandable why earlier studies of this region placed Mennonite history within Prussian and German history. This study will analyze this earlier history of interpretation, and show that if the context is broadened to include the Commonwealth of Poland, new dimensions of Mennonite life are revealed which will allow for a fuller understanding of Mennonite life in the Vistula and Nogat River regions. The extremely harsh persecution of people in the Low Countries by Margaret of Parma and the Duke of Alva in the middle of the sixteenth century resulted in Dutch refugees fleeing to the Polish regions of Danzig, Royal Prussia and Prussia. They settled in areas belonging to the Polish Kingdom or Commonwealth. The term Commonwealth was frequently used since Poland was a country in which Poland and Lithuania were joined into a united political entity in1569. -
East Prussia Danzig
INFORMATION NOTES EAST PRUSSIA AND DANZIG Issued by THE· POLISH MINISTRY OF PREPARATORY WORK CONCERNING THE PEACE CONFERENCE The following Notes are prepared by experts and are desigr give the basic facts essential to the settlement of Polish post-war pror They are primarily intended for the use of students and writ. international affairs. They may be obtained direct from The Ministry of Preparatory Work Concerning the Peace Con 73. Portland Place, London, W.l. Any opinions expressed in this publication are not necessariC of the Polish Government. April, 1944 Printed at Barnard and Westwood Ltd. London, W.J CONTENTS PAGE _;iECURITY OF POLAND AND THE PEACE OF EUROPE 5 1-JISTORICAL AND ETHNICAL fACTS . • . 6 f-CONOMIC UNITY OF POLAND, DANZIG AND EAST PRUSSIA 7 . !RELATIONS Of GERMANY TO EAST PRUSSIA 8 ,,E ATTITUDE OF POLAND II :oNCLUSIONS 13 \NNEXES: \REA AND POPULATION 15 (a) Eas1 Prussia (b) Fr<-e City of Danzig (c) Number of Households in East Prussia in 1933 EMIGRATION FROM EAST PRUSSIA 15 INCREASE OF POPULATION AND MIGRATION IN lllE COUNTIES OF EAST PRUSSIA DURING THE PERIOD FROM 1925-1933 16 NATIONAUTIES IN EAST PRUSSIA 17 (n) Poles h) Lithuanians c) Foreign Workers .J) Gernnanizarion re) Plebiscite .IAL AND ECONOMIC STRUCTURE OF EAST PRUSSIA .. 23 (a) Occupations (b) Social Structure (c) lndusrry and Crafts (d) Agrarian System (e) Participarion in the National Income of Germany (f) Participation in Income Tax (g) Wages (h) A British View ·sr PRUSSIA AS A SoURCE OF MILITARY MAN POWER " 25 i>) Narural Increase of Population (b) Children under 15 according to 1933 Census (c) Recruitment of Soldiers ·oME VIEWS CoNCERNING THE PoLISH OIJTLET TO rnE SEA . -
PO„ Gm. Malbork 01.04.11
Program Ochrony Środowiska dla Gminy Malbork do roku 2011 z perspektywą na lata 2012 - 2015 Kwiecień , 20 11 r. TYTUŁ OPRACOWANIA : PROGRAM OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA DLA GMINY MALBORK DO ROKU 2011 Z PERSPEKTYWĄ NA LATA 2012 - 2015 ZAMAWIAJĄCY : WYKONAWCA : URZĄD GMINY MALBORK GREEN KEY UL . CEGLANA 7 POKRZYWNO 93 82 – 200 MALBORK 86 - 330 MEŁNO KIEROWNIK PROJEKTU : mgr Joanna Masiota AUTORZY OPRACOWANIA : mgr Joanna Masiota mgr inż. Anna Tomaszewska mgr Joanna Walkowiak Kwiecień, 2011 r. Green Key Program Ochrony Środowiska dla Gminy Malbork SPIS TRE ŚCI ROZDZIAŁ I WST ĘP 7 1.1. PRZEDMIOT I ZAKRES OPRACOWANIA 7 1.2. POTRZEBA I CEL OPRACOWANIA 8 1.3. METODA OPRACOWANIA PROGRAMU 9 ROZDZIAŁ II CHARAKTERYSTYKA GMINY 10 2.1 DANE ADMINISTRACYJNE 10 2.2. POŁO śENIE GEOGRAFICZNE 11 2.3. SPOŁECZE ŃSTWO 13 2.3.1. LICZBA LUDNO ŚCI I JEJ ROZMIESZCZENIE 13 2.3.2. PRZYROST NATURALNY 15 2.3.3. BEZROBOCIE 15 2.4. U śYTKOWANIE TERENU 16 2.5. DZIAŁALNO ŚĆ GOSPODARCZA 18 2.6. ROLNICTWO 20 2.7. TURYSTYKA I REKREACJA 22 ROZDZIAŁ III INFRAKSTRUKTURA GMINY 23 3.1. GOSPODARKA WODNO - ŚCIEKOWA 23 3.1.1. ZAOPATRZENIE W WOD Ę 23 3.1.1.1. UJ ĘCIA WÓD ZAOPATRUJ ĄCE SIE Ć WODOCI ĄGOW Ą 23 3.1.1.1.1. UJ ĘCIA WÓD DO CELÓW PRZEMYSŁOWYCH, ROLNICZYCH I INNYCH 24 3.1.1.2. WODA UJMOWANA NA CELE PRZECIWPO śAROWA (PPO ś) 25 3.1.1.3. SIE Ć WODOCI ĄGOWA 25 3.1.1.4. JAKO ŚĆ WÓD UJMOWANYCH I PRZEZNACZONYCH DO ZAOPATRZENIA MIESZKA ŃCÓW DO CELÓW BYTOWYCH 27 3.1.2. -
Gdansk and Malbork Castle
5. Gdansk and Malbork Castle. We arrived in Gdansk in time for a scheduled late lunch at the Hotel Monopol. And a fine lunch it was, a real change from the normal fried veal or pork. A good beet soup was followed by roast pork, sauer kraut with mushrooms , red cabbage and french fries. French fries must be a real staple of Poland; never a meal went by without them in generous quantities. And on our tables were the first pitchers of clear, plain water we had seen in Poland-no mineral wa ter, no gaseous bubbles. After lunch we were met by the City Conservator and a representative from the local PKZ studio. Be cause the hotel, a new plain-Jane contemporary, is but a five minute walk from the old city core, we followed them on a walking tour into and about the old town. In late afternoon we were led to the reconstructed Gothic Town Hall, which is now a museum and con ference headquarters. The President ( Mayor) of Gdansk greeted us and, through an interpreter, we were told about Gdansk, its restoration or, more cor rectly, its reconstruction, and its industries, of which shipping and ship building are uppermost. It is the "merchant, cultural and historical center of North Poland." Gdansk and its sister city of Gdynia, a short 20 kilometers along the coast, are the principal ports of Poland. Gdynia faces the Baltic Sea directly and 69 situated on a branch of the Vistula delta, five kilo 4% of the city budget is given to the City Conserva meters from the Baltic Sea, and it is the ancient port tor plus additional funds from industry and national of Poland. -
1. World Heritage Property Data 2. Statement of Outstanding Universal Value
Periodic Report - Second Cycle Section II-Castle of the Teutonic Order in Malbork 1. World Heritage Property Data 1.7 - Web Address of the Property (if existing) 1. Castles and Palaces of Poland - Malbork 1.1 - Name of World Heritage Property (Poland.Net Agency) Castle of the Teutonic Order in Malbork 2. Malbork (Polish National Tourist Office) Comment Comment The Site''s name, determined in 1997, both in Polish and The proper Web Address of the Property is as follows: English is not appropriate in terms of proper grammar and http://www.zamek.malbork.pl/ logic. It needs to be modified slightly in order to achieve a better grammatical shape and better and more clear historical 1.8 - Other designations / Conventions under which the content. property is protected (if applicable) 1.2 - World Heritage Property Details 2. Statement of Outstanding Universal Value State(s) Party(ies) Poland 2.1 - Statement of Outstanding Universal Value / Statement of Significance Type of Property cultural Statement of Significance Identification Number Malbork Castle is the most complete and elaborate example of 847 the Gothic brick castle complex in the characteristic and Year of inscription on the World Heritage List unique style of the Teutonic Order, which evolved 1997 independently from the contemporary castles of western Europe and the Near East. The spectacular fortress 1.3 - Geographic Information Table represents the phenomenon of the monastic state in Prussia, founded in the 13th century and developed in the 14th century Name Coordinates Property Buffer Total Inscription (latitude/longitude) (ha) zone (ha) year by the German communities of military monks who carried out (ha) crusades against the pagan Prussians on the south Baltic Castle of the 54.042 / 19.033 18.038 0 18.038 1997 coast. -
Medieval Murals Recently Uncovered in the Chamber Above the Gate of the Castle of the Chapter of the Diocese of Pomesania in Kwidzyn
ORDINES◆ MILITARES COLLOQUIA TORUNENSIA HISTORICA XXII Yearbook for the Study of the Military Orders 2017 ISSN (print) 0867-2008 / ISSN (online) 2391-7512 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/OM.2017.017 pp. 287–304 Juliusz Raczkowski Pracownia Architektury Wnętrz Wydział Sztuk Pięknych Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu ul. Sienkiewicza 30/32 87-100 Toruń Poland [email protected] MEDIEVAL MURALS RECENTLY UNCOVERED IN THE CHAMBER ABOVE THE GATE OF THE CASTLE OF THE CHAPTER OF THE DIOCESE OF POMESANIA IN KWIDZYN. PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS: ICONOGRAPHY, STYLE, DATING AND FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF THE CHAMBER Keywords Teutonic Order; Late Medieval Prussia; Kwidzyn/Marienwerder; Cathedral chapter in Kwidzyn/Marienwerder; medieval wall paintings; cathedral chancery in Kwidzyn/Marienwerder he chamber above the gate of the castle of chapter of the diocese of Pome- sania in Kwidzyn, is one of the few rooms (fig. 1) in the castle which, de- spite numerous renovations and changes of owners, preserved its original Tarchitectural form, as well as layers of whitewashed plaster and paint.1 Medie- val architectural elements of the chamber, including its Gothic stellar vault, are 1 For summary of last, large scale renovation works see A. Dobry, XIX-wieczne prace restaurator- skie w zespole zamkowo-katedralnym w Kwidzynie, Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie 1/203 (1994), pp. 35–42. Czasopismo jest wydawane na zasadach licencji niewyłącznej Creative Commons i dystrybuowane w wersji elektronicznej Open Access przez Akadmicką Platformę Czasopism www.apcz.umk.pl received: 23. 07. 2017 | accepted: 04. 09. 2017 © Copyright by Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, 2017 288 J ULIUSZ RACZKOWSKI mentioned in earlier, principal studies of the castle and cathedral compound in Kwidzyn. -
Animal Bones from an Industrial Quarter at Malbork, Poland: Towards an Ecology of a Castle Built in Prussia by the Teutonic Order
Animal Bones from an Industrial Quarter at Malbork, Poland: Towards an Ecology of a Castle Built in Prussia by the Teutonic Order Aleks Pluskowski (Department of Archaeology, University of Reading) Mark Maltby (School of Conservation Sciences, University of Bournemouth) and Krish Seetah (Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge) Introduction The castle at Malbork began to be constructed by the Teutonic Order as the fortified monastery of Marienburg from the 1270s; between 1309 and 1457 it was the headquarters of the Order in Prussia. During this time the castle expanded significantly and became sub-divided into three sectors, covering an area of around 20 hectares. Subsequent phases of Polish, Prussian and German occupation modified and restored various elements of the structure. From 1945 its restoration was supervised by Polish conservators and in 1997 it was added to the UNESCO list of world heritage sites. Today, the castle is preserved as the most important example of the Teutonic Order’s distinctive architecture in Eastern Europe, and remains a major focus of historical, archaeological, architectural and art-historical research, as well as a showcase for the evolution of modern approaches to conservation and restoration. The maintenance of a castle the size of Malbork – the largest fortified brick structure in the world – required significant and complex provisioning networks. Written sources from the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries illustrate the sheer diversity of animal management and animal-related products which were processed for and within the castle.1 However, the long-term impact of the castle’s construction and expansion on the animal resources of its hinterland is also a question with a fundamental archaeological perspective. -
Location Indicators by State
ECCAIRS 4.2.8 Data Definition Standard Location Indicators by State The ECCAIRS 4 location indicators are based on ICAO's ADREP 2000 taxonomy. They have been organised at two hierarchical levels. 17 September 2010 Page 1 of 123 ECCAIRS 4 Location Indicators by State Data Definition Standard 0100 Afghanistan 1060 OAMT OAMT : Munta 1061 OANR : Nawor 1001 OAAD OAAD : Amdar OANR 1074 OANS : Salang-I-Shamali 1002 OAAK OAAK : Andkhoi OANS 1062 OAOB : Obeh 1003 OAAS OAAS : Asmar OAOB 1090 OAOG : Urgoon 1008 OABD OABD : Behsood OAOG 1015 OAOO : Deshoo 1004 OABG OABG : Baghlan OAOO 1063 OAPG : Paghman 1007 OABK OABK : Bandkamalkhan OAPG 1064 OAPJ : Pan jao 1006 OABN OABN : Bamyan OAPJ 1065 OAQD : Qades 1005 OABR OABR : Bamar OAQD 1068 OAQK : Qala-I-Nyazkhan 1076 OABS OABS : Sarday OAQK 1052 OAQM : Kron monjan 1009 OABT OABT : Bost OAQM 1067 OAQN : Qala-I-Naw 1011 OACB OACB : Charburjak OAQN 1069 OAQQ : Qarqin 1010 OACC OACC : Chakhcharan OAQQ 1066 OAQR : Qaisar 1014 OADD OADD : Dawlatabad OAQR 1091 OARG : Uruzgan 1012 OADF OADF : Darra-I-Soof OARG 1017 OARM : Dilaram 1016 OADV OADV : Devar OARM 1070 OARP : Rimpa 1092 OADW OADW : Wazakhwa OARP 1078 OASB : Sarobi 1013 OADZ OADZ : Darwaz OASB 1082 OASD : Shindand 1044 OAEK OAEK : Keshm OASD 1080 OASG : Sheberghan 1018 OAEM OAEM : Eshkashem OASG 1079 OASK : Serka 1031 OAEQ OAEQ : Islam qala OASK 1072 OASL : Salam 1047 OAFG OAFG : Khost-O-Fering OASL 1075 OASM : Samangan 1020 OAFR OAFR : Farah OASM 1081 OASN : Sheghnan 1019 OAFZ OAFZ : Faizabad OASN 1077 OASP : Sare pul 1024 OAGA OAGA : Ghaziabad OASP