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Discourses of Ethno-Nationalism and Religious Fundamentalism
DISCOURSES OF ETHNO-NATIONALISM AND RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM SRI LANKAN DISCOURSES OF ETHNO-NATIONALISM AND RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM By MYRA SIVALOGANATHAN, B.A. A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts McMaster University © Copyright by Myra Sivaloganathan, June 2017 M.A. Thesis – Myra Sivaloganathan; McMaster University – Religious Studies. McMaster University MASTER OF ARTS (2017) Hamilton, Ontario (Religious Studies) TITLE: Sri Lankan Discourses of Ethno-Nationalism and Religious Fundamentalism AUTHOR: Myra Sivaloganathan, B.A. (McGill University) SUPERVISOR: Dr. Mark Rowe NUMBER OF PAGES: v, 91 ii M.A. Thesis – Myra Sivaloganathan; McMaster University – Religious Studies. Abstract In this thesis, I argue that discourses of victimhood, victory, and xenophobia underpin both Sinhalese and Tamil nationalist and religious fundamentalist movements. Ethnic discourse has allowed citizens to affirm collective ideals in the face of disparate experiences, reclaim power and autonomy in contexts of fundamental instability, but has also deepened ethnic divides in the post-war era. In the first chapter, I argue that mutually exclusive narratives of victimhood lie at the root of ethnic solitudes, and provide barriers to mechanisms of transitional justice and memorialization. The second chapter includes an analysis of the politicization of mythic figures and events from the Rāmāyaṇa and Mahāvaṃsa in nationalist discourses of victory, supremacy, and legacy. Finally, in the third chapter, I explore the Liberation Tiger of Tamil Eelam’s (LTTE) rhetoric and symbolism, and contend that a xenophobic discourse of terrorism has been imposed and transferred from Tamil to Muslim minorities. Ultimately, these discourses prevent Sri Lankans from embracing a multi-ethnic and multi- religious nationality, and hinder efforts at transitional justice. -
Minutes of Parliament Present
(Ninth Parliament - First Session) No. 62.] MINUTES OF PARLIAMENT Thursday, March 25, 2021 at 10.00 a.m. PRESENT : Hon. Mahinda Yapa Abeywardana, Speaker Hon. Angajan Ramanathan, Deputy Chairperson of Committees Hon. Mahinda Amaraweera, Minister of Environment Hon. Dullas Alahapperuma, Minister of Power Hon. Mahindananda Aluthgamage, Minister of Agriculture Hon. Udaya Gammanpila, Minister of Energy Hon. Dinesh Gunawardena, Minister of Foreign and Leader of the House of Parliament Hon. (Dr.) Bandula Gunawardana, Minister of Trade Hon. Janaka Bandara Thennakoon, Minister of Public Services, Provincial Councils & Local Government Hon. Nimal Siripala de Silva, Minister of Labour Hon. Vasudeva Nanayakkara, Minister of Water Supply Hon. (Dr.) Ramesh Pathirana, Minister of Plantation Hon. Johnston Fernando, Minister of Highways and Chief Government Whip Hon. Prasanna Ranatunga, Minister of Tourism Hon. C. B. Rathnayake, Minister of Wildlife & Forest Conservation Hon. Chamal Rajapaksa, Minister of Irrigation and State Minister of National Security & Disaster Management and State Minister of Home Affairs Hon. Gamini Lokuge, Minister of Transport Hon. Wimal Weerawansa, Minister of Industries Hon. (Dr.) Sarath Weerasekera, Minister of Public Security Hon. M .U. M. Ali Sabry, Minister of Justice Hon. (Dr.) (Mrs.) Seetha Arambepola, State Minister of Skills Development, Vocational Education, Research and Innovation Hon. Lasantha Alagiyawanna, State Minister of Co-operative Services, Marketing Development and Consumer Protection ( 2 ) M. No. 62 Hon. Ajith Nivard Cabraal, State Minister of Money & Capital Market and State Enterprise Reforms Hon. (Dr.) Nalaka Godahewa, State Minister of Urban Development, Coast Conservation, Waste Disposal and Community Cleanliness Hon. D. V. Chanaka, State Minister of Aviation and Export Zones Development Hon. Sisira Jayakody, State Minister of Indigenous Medicine Promotion, Rural and Ayurvedic Hospitals Development and Community Health Hon. -
Minutes of Parliament Present
(Eighth Parliament - First Session) No. 70. ] MINUTES OF PARLIAMENT Wednesday, May 18, 2016 at 1.00 p.m. PRESENT : Hon. Karu Jayasuriya, Speaker Hon. Thilanga Sumathipala, Deputy Speaker and Chairman of Committees Hon. Selvam Adaikkalanathan, Deputy Chairman of Committees Hon. Ranil Wickremesinghe, Prime Minister and Minister of National Policies and Economic Affairs Hon. Wajira Abeywardana, Minister of Home Affairs Hon. (Dr.) Sarath Amunugama, Minister of Special Assignment Hon. Gayantha Karunatileka, Minister of Parliamentary Reforms and Mass Media and the Chief Government Whip Hon. Ravi Karunanayake, Minister of Finance Hon. Akila Viraj Kariyawasam, Minister of Education Hon. Lakshman Kiriella, Minister of Higher Education and Highways and the Leader of the House of Parliament Hon. Daya Gamage, Minister of Primary Industries Hon. Dayasiri Jayasekara, Minister of Sports Hon. Nimal Siripala de Silva, Minister of Transport and Civil Aviation Hon. Navin Dissanayake, Minister of Plantation Industries Hon. S. B. Dissanayake, Minister of Social Empowerment and Welfare Hon. S. B. Nawinne, Minister of Internal Affairs, Wayamba Development and Cultural Affairs Hon. Harin Fernando, Minister of Telecommunication and Digital Infrastructure Hon. A. D. Susil Premajayantha, Minister of Science, Technology and Research Hon. Sajith Premadasa, Minister of Housing and Construction Hon. R. M. Ranjith Madduma Bandara, Minister of Public Administration and Management Hon. Anura Priyadharshana Yapa, Minister of Disaster Management ( 2 ) M. No. 70 Hon. Sagala Ratnayaka, Minister of Law and Order and Southern Development Hon. Arjuna Ranatunga, Minister of Ports and Shipping Hon. Patali Champika Ranawaka, Minister of Megapolis and Western Development Hon. Chandima Weerakkody, Minister of Petroleum Resources Development Hon. Malik Samarawickrama, Minister of Development Strategies and International Trade Hon. -
Reforming Sri Lankan Presidentialism: Provenance, Problems and Prospects Volume 2
Reforming Sri Lankan Presidentialism: Provenance, Problems and Prospects Edited by Asanga Welikala Volume 2 18 Failure of Quasi-Gaullist Presidentialism in Sri Lanka Suri Ratnapala Constitutional Choices Sri Lanka’s Constitution combines a presidential system selectively borrowed from the Gaullist Constitution of France with a system of proportional representation in Parliament. The scheme of proportional representation replaced the ‘first past the post’ elections of the independence constitution and of the first republican constitution of 1972. It is strongly favoured by minority parties and several minor parties that owe their very existence to proportional representation. The elective executive presidency, at least initially, enjoyed substantial minority support as the president is directly elected by a national electorate, making it hard for a candidate to win without minority support. (Sri Lanka’s ethnic minorities constitute about 25 per cent of the population.) However, there is a growing national consensus that the quasi-Gaullist experiment has failed. All major political parties have called for its replacement while in opposition although in government, they are invariably seduced to silence by the fruits of office. Assuming that there is political will and ability to change the system, what alternative model should the nation embrace? Constitutions of nations in the modern era tend fall into four categories. 1.! Various forms of authoritarian government. These include absolute monarchies (emirates and sultanates of the Islamic world), personal dictatorships, oligarchies, theocracies (Iran) and single party rule (remaining real or nominal communist states). 2.! Parliamentary government based on the Westminster system with a largely ceremonial constitutional monarch or president. Most Western European countries, India, Japan, Israel and many former British colonies have this model with local variations. -
C.A WRIT 380/2017. Kotagala Plantations PLC Vs. H.A. Kamal
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA In the matter of an Application for a Mandate in the nature of a Writ of Certiorari under and in terms of Article 140 of the Constitution of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. CA (Writ) Application No: 380/2017 Kotagala Plantations PLC, 53 1/1, Sir Baron Jayatilleke Mawatha, Colombo 1. PETITIONER Vs. 1. H.A. Kamal Pushpakumara, Divisional Secretary, Divisional Secretariat Office, Horana. 2. Ranjith Madduma Bandara, Hon. Minister of Public Administration. 2A. Janaka Bandara Thennakoon, Hon. Minister of Public Administration. 2nd and 2A Respondents at Ministry of Public Administration, Independence Square, Colombo 7. 3. Gayantha Karunathilake, Hon. Minister of Lands and Parliamentary Reforms. 3A. S.M. Chandrasena, Hon. Minister of Lands. 3rd and 3A Respondents at “Mihikatha Madura”, 1 No. 1200/6, Rajamalwatta Road, Sri Jayawardenepura, Kotte. 4. Sagala Rathnayake, Hon. Minister of Law and Order. 4A. Hon Maithripala Sirisena, Hon. Minister of Law and Order. 4B. Hon. Gotabhaya Rajapaksa, Hon. Minister of Law and Order. 4th, 4A and 4B Respondents at 14th Floor, “Suhurupaya”, Subhuthipura Raod, Battaramulla. 5. Naveen Dissanayake, Hon. Minister of Plantation Industries, 13240, Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte. 5A. Hon. Ramesh Pathirana, Minister of Plantation Industries and Export Agriculture, Sethsiripaya, 2nd Stage, Battaramulla. 6. Sri Lanka State Plantations Corporation, No. 11, Duke Street, Colombo 1. 7. Pujitha Jayasundera, Inspector General of Police (IGP), Police Headquarters, Colombo 1. 8. Hon. Attorney General, Attorney General’s Department. Colombo 12. RESPONDENTS 2 Before: Arjuna Obeyesekere, J / President of the Court of Appeal Counsel: Mahinda Nanayakkara with Nirosh Bandara and Wasantha Widanage for the Petitioner Ms. -
Minutes of Parliament for 11.09.2020
(Ninth Parliament - First Session) No. 8.] MINUTES OF PARLIAMENT Friday, September 11, 2020 at 10.30 a.m. PRESENT : Hon. Mahinda Yapa Abeywardana, Speaker Hon. Ranjith Siyambalapitiya, Deputy Speaker and the Chair of Committees Hon. Angajan Ramanathan, Deputy Chairperson of Committees Hon. Mahinda Rajapaksa, Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, Minister of Buddhasasana, Religious & Cultural Affairs and Minister of Urban Development & Housing Hon. Mahinda Amaraweera, Minister of Environment Hon. Udaya Gammanpila, Minister of Energy Hon. Dinesh Gunawardena, Minister of Foreign and Leader of the House of Parliament Hon. (Dr.) Bandula Gunawardana, Minister of Trade Hon. S. M. Chandrasena, Minister of Lands Hon. Janaka Bandara Thennakoon, Minister of Public Services, Provincial Councils & Local Government Hon. Nimal Siripala de Silva, Minister of Labour Hon. Douglas Devananda, Minister of Fisheries Hon. (Dr.) Ramesh Pathirana, Minister of Plantation Hon. Johnston Fernando, Minister of Highways and Chief Government Whip Hon. Prasanna Ranatunga, Minister of Tourism Hon. C. B. Rathnayake, Minister of Wildlife & Forest Conservation Hon. Chamal Rajapaksa, Minister of Irrigation and State Minister of Internal Security, Home Affairs and Disaster Management Hon. (Mrs.) Pavithradevi Wanniarachchi, Minister of Health Hon. M .U. M. Ali Sabry, Minister of Justice Hon. (Dr.) (Mrs.) Seetha Arambepola, State Minister of Skills Development, Vocational Education, Research and Innovation Hon. Lasantha Alagiyawanna, State Minister of Co-operative Services, Marketing Development and Consumer Protection ( 2 ) M. No. 8 Hon. Ajith Nivard Cabraal, State Minister of Money & Capital Market and State Enterprise Reforms Hon. (Dr.) Nalaka Godahewa, State Minister of Urban Development, Coast Conservation, Waste Disposal and Community Cleanliness Hon. D. V. Chanaka, State Minister of Aviation and Export Zones Development Hon. -
Transparency International Sri Lanka V. Presidential Secretariat
At the Right to Information Commission of Sri Lanka Transparency International Sri Lanka v. Presidential Secretariat RTICAppeal/06/2017 Appeals heard as part of the meetings of the Commission on 12.06.2017 (RTIC Appeal/05/2017); 19.06.2017( RTIC Appeal/06/2017); 08.08.2017, 25.09.2017, 06.11.2017; 08.01.2018; 23.02.2018 (delivery of Order on Jurisdiction);24.04.2018 (amendment of papers by Appellant);26.06.2018; 04.09.2018 and 30.10.2018 Record of Proceedings and Order On Merits delivered on 4th December 2018 Chairperson: Mr. Mahinda Gammampila Commission Members: Ms. Kishali Pinto-Jayawardena Mr. S.G. Punchihewa Dr. Selvy Thiruchandran Justice Rohini Walgama Appellant: Transparency International Sri Lanka Notice issued to: Secretary to the President, Presidential Secretariat Information Request filed to Presidential Secretariat on 03.02.2017 Response by Information Officer on 06.03.2017 Appeal filed to Designated Officer on 10.03.2017 Response by Designated Officer on 20.03.2017 Appeal filed to RTI Commission on 19.05.2017 Written Submissions/Further Written Submissions filed on; (By the Appellant: 25.07.2017, 23.10.2017, 04.01.2018; 08.01.2018; 25. 06. 2018; 25.10.2018; 23.11.2018) (By the Respondent: Presidential Secretariat: 31.07.2017, 08.09.2017; 03.01.2018; 04.09.2018) Appearance/ Represented by: Counsel for the Appellant (appearing at various times during the hearing of the appeal): Mr. Gehan Goonetilleka, AAL Ms Sankhitha Guneratne, AAL 1 At the Right to Information Commission of Sri Lanka Counsel for the PA (Presidential Secretariat): Mr. -
(CITY)- HDA.Qxd
The Island Home News Page Three Tuesday 5th Janunary, 2010 3 Polgampola was Govt. to assist exporters if GSP Plus is lost Hot air over imported Kekulu rice sacked for wrong Rs. 200 mn export/import by Ifham Nizam Trade, Co-operatives and Consumer doing – JVP Affairs Minister Bandula Gunawardena yesterday refuted newspaper reports - not the Upali Group that imported by Don Asoka Kekulu rice was not suitable for human Wijewardena bank to be established consumption and there was shortage in rice till the end of March. “There are no shortages, however we The JVP, in a statement by Devan Daniel and import expenditures never imported Kekulu rice - other than one occasion from issued yesterday, said that are expected to recover A Rs. 200 million this year. Myanmar how can former MP Anurudha they say it was Polgampola, who pledged Export/Import bank to GSP Plus.... contaminated,” his support for President Polgampola help exporters and Meanwhile, Cabraal Gunawardena told importers is to be estab- reiterated the Central a press conference Mahinda Rajapaksa at the forthcoming yesterday at his Presidential election, had been sacked lished this year with Bank’s view that Sri Ministry in from the party owing to some allega- financial backing and Lanka is prepared to meet Colombo. tions. control of the bank com- any risks of a possible However, he ing from the banking sec- withdrawal of GSP Plus said since his min- It said on August 29 in 2008 istry believes in Polgampola had been arrested by the tor with the assistance of trading facilities for ducing the Central Bank’s international trade,” he competition and Japanese Police at the Narita airport for the government. -
The Week in Review July 2-8, 7(2), 2012
July 2-8, 7(2), 2012 Editor: Sanjeev Kumar Shrivastav Contributors Anwesha Roy Chaudhuri Afghanistan, Pakistan Gulbin Sultana Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bangladesh Pranamita Baruah Japan, South Korea Princy Marine George Iran, Israel, Syria, Palestine Babjee Pothuraju Africa Amit Kumar Defence Review Shristi Pukhrem Internal Security Review Keerthi Kumar UN Review Review Adviser: S. Kalyanaraman Follow IDSA Facebook Twitter 1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg, New Delhi-110010 Telephone: 91-26717983; Fax: 91-11-26154191 Website: www.idsa.in; Email: [email protected] The Week in Review July 2-8, 7(2), 2012 CONTENTS In This Issue Page I. COUNTRY REVIEWS A. South Asia 2-9 B. East Asia 9-11 C. West Asia 11-13 D. Africa 13-14 II. DEFENCE REVIEW 14-16 III. INTERNAL SECURITY REVIEW 16-19 IV. UN REVIEW 19-23 1 The Week in Review July 2-8, 7(2), 2012 I. COUNTRY REVIEWS A. South Asia Afghansitan l United States accords Afghanistan a ‘Major Non-NATO Ally’ status; International donors pledges $16 billion aid for Afghanistan over the next four years at major donors’ conference in Tokyo; Five NATO soldiers wounded by man wearing Afghan army uniform In a significant development, according to reports, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton arrived in Afghanistan July 7, 2012 on a surprise visit ahead of a key conference in Tokyo. “We are not even imagining abandoning Afghanistan,” Clinton said in a press conference with Afghan President Hamid Karzai. To that point, the U.S. State Department announced on July 7, 2012 that President Barack Obama had signed a determination designating Afghanistan a “major non-NATO ally,” a status accorded to a limited number of countries such as Israel, Egypt, Australia and Pakistan. -
Report of the Secretary-General's Panel Of
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL’S PANEL OF EXPERTS ON ACCOUNTABILITY IN SRI LANKA 31 March 2011 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL’S PANEL OF EXPERTS ON ACCOUNTABILITY IN SRI LANKA Executive Summary On 22 June 2010, the Secretary-General announced the appointment of a Panel of Experts to advise him on the implementation of the joint commitment included in the statement issued by the President of Sri Lanka and the Secretary-General at the conclusion of the Secretary-General’s visit to Sri Lanka on 23 March 2009. In the Joint Statement, the Secretary-General “underlined the importance of an accountability process”, and the Government of Sri Lanka agreed that it “will take measures to address those grievances”. The Panel’s mandate is to advise the Secretary- General regarding the modalities, applicable international standards and comparative experience relevant to an accountability process, having regard to the nature and scope of alleged violations of international humanitarian and human rights law during the final stages of the armed conflict in Sri Lanka. The Secretary-General appointed as members of the Panel Marzuki Darusman (Indonesia), Chair; Steven Ratner (United States); and Yasmin Sooka (South Africa). The Panel formally commenced its work on 16 September 2010 and was assisted throughout by a secretariat. Framework for the Panel’s work In order to understand the accountability obligations arising from the last stages of the war, the Panel undertook an assessment of the “nature and scope of alleged violations” as required by its Terms of Reference. The Panel’s mandate however does not extend to fact- finding or investigation. -
Minutes of Parliament for 08.01.2019
(Eighth Parliament - Third Session) No. 14. ] MINUTES OF PARLIAMENT Tuesday, January 08, 2019 at 1.00 p.m. PRESENT : Hon. J. M. Ananda Kumarasiri, Deputy Speaker and the Chair of Committees Hon. Selvam Adaikkalanathan, Deputy Chairperson of Committees Hon. Ranil Wickremesinghe, Prime Minister and Minister of National Policies, Economic Affairs, Resettlement & Rehabilitation, Northern Province Development, Vocational Training & Skills Development and Youth Affairs Hon. (Mrs.) Thalatha Atukorale, Minister of Justice & Prison Reforms Hon. Wajira Abeywardana, Minister of Internal & Home Affairs and Provincial Councils & Local Government Hon. John Amaratunga, Minister of Tourism Development, Wildlife and Christian Religious Affairs Hon. Gayantha Karunatileka, Minister of Lands and Parliamentary Reforms and Chief Government Whip Hon. Ravi Karunanayake, Minister of Power, Energy and Business Development Hon. Akila Viraj Kariyawasam, Minister of Education Hon. Lakshman Kiriella, Minister of Public Enterprise, Kandyan Heritage and Kandy Development and Leader of the House of Parliament Hon. Daya Gamage, Minister of Labour, Trade Union Relations and Social Empowerment Hon. Palany Thigambaram, Minister of Hill Country New Villages, Infrastructure & Community Development Hon. Navin Dissanayake, Minister of Plantation Industries Hon. Gamini Jayawickrama Perera, Minister of Buddhasasana & Wayamba Development Hon. Harin Fernando, Minister of Telecommunication, Foreign Employment and Sports Hon. R. M. Ranjith Madduma Bandara, Minister of Public Administration & Disaster Management Hon. Rishad Bathiudeen, Minister of Industry & Commerce, Resettlement of Protracted Displaced Persons and Co-operative Development ( 2 ) M. No. 14 Hon. Tilak Marapana, Minister of Foreign Affairs Hon. Sagala Ratnayaka, Minister of Ports & Shipping and Southern Development Hon. Arjuna Ranatunga, Minister of Transport & Civil Aviation Hon. Patali Champika Ranawaka, Minister of Megapolis & Western Development Hon. -
Minutes of Parliament Present
(Eighth Parliament - First Session) No. 134. ] MINUTES OF PARLIAMENT Tuesday, December 06, 2016 at 9.30 a. m. PRESENT : Hon. Karu Jayasuriya, Speaker Hon. Thilanga Sumathipala, Deputy Speaker and Chairman of Committees Hon. Ranil Wickremesinghe, Prime Minister and Minister of National Policies and Economic Affairs Hon. (Mrs.) Thalatha Atukorale, Minister of Foreign Employment Hon. Wajira Abeywardana, Minister of Home Affairs Hon. John Amaratunga, Minister of Tourism Development and Christian Religious Affairs and Minister of Lands Hon. Mahinda Amaraweera, Minister of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development Hon. (Dr.) Sarath Amunugama, Minister of Special Assignment Hon. Gayantha Karunatileka, Minister of Parliamentary Reforms and Mass Media and Chief Government Whip Hon. Ravi Karunanayake, Minister of Finance Hon. Akila Viraj Kariyawasam, Minister of Education Hon. Lakshman Kiriella, Minister of Higher Education and Highways and Leader of the House of Parliament Hon. Mano Ganesan, Minister of National Co-existence, Dialogue and Official Languages Hon. Daya Gamage, Minister of Primary Industries Hon. Dayasiri Jayasekara, Minister of Sports Hon. Nimal Siripala de Silva, Minister of Transport and Civil Aviation Hon. Palany Thigambaram, Minister of Hill Country New Villages, Infrastructure and Community Development Hon. Duminda Dissanayake, Minister of Agriculture Hon. Navin Dissanayake, Minister of Plantation Industries Hon. S. B. Dissanayake, Minister of Social Empowerment and Welfare ( 2 ) M. No. 134 Hon. S. B. Nawinne, Minister of Internal Affairs, Wayamba Development and Cultural Affairs Hon. Gamini Jayawickrama Perera, Minister of Sustainable Development and Wildlife Hon. Harin Fernando, Minister of Telecommunication and Digital Infrastructure Hon. A. D. Susil Premajayantha, Minister of Science, Technology and Research Hon. Sajith Premadasa, Minister of Housing and Construction Hon.