International Journal of Advances in Mechanical and Civil Engineering, ISSN: 2394-2827 Volume-4, Issue-3, Jun.-2017 http://iraj.in STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF SKYSCRAPERS 1ABHISHEK GUPTA, 2S.M. GUPTA 1,2NIT KURUKSHETRA, HARYANA, INDIA E-mail:
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[email protected] Abstract- This paper presents a review on the evolution of the structural system of skyscrapers from earlier to the modern and the effects of this on the society and environment Keywords- Skyscrapper/Tall Buildings, Height Premium, Internal, external and hybrid structural system, Building Loads, Shear Walls, lateral rigidity, Lateral Sway, Floor Vibration I. INTRODUCTION iron. The inventor Henry Bessemer took out a patent on the process in 1855. Tall buildings emerged in the late nineteenth century In 1857, Elisha Otis and the Otis Elevator Company in the United States of America. They constituted a began manufacturing passenger elevators. Invention so-called “American Building Type,” meaning that of Elevator allowed vertical transportation of people most important tall buildings were built in the U.S.A. and goods without stair Today, however, they are a worldwide architectural Chicago is the birthplace of the skyscraper The Home phenomenon. Many tall buildings are built Insurance building (1885) in Chicago, (ten storied worldwide, especially in Asian countries, such as with 42 meter in height) is generally referred as the China, Korea, Japan, and Malaysia. first high rise building (Architect :William Jenney) The Home Insurance Building was built followed by The distribution of tall buildings has changed the Great Chicago Fire, 1871 radically with Asia now having the largest share with • The physical envelope of construction was 38%, and North America’s at 22%(Fig.