RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Rare and Endangered Field GuideField Guide Plant Field Guide RareRare and and Endangered Endangered Plant Plant Field Guide for Timber Harvest Plans FieldField Guide Guide for forTimber Timber Harvest Harvest Plans Plans in inCoastalin Coastal Coastal Mendocino MendocinoMendocino County County County

GordonGordonGordon McBride McBride McBride

This Guide was published by Mendocino County Resource Conservation District This Guide was published by 410 Jones St., Suite C-3 MendocinoUkiah, CACounty 95482 Resource Conservation District 410 JonesPhone: St., (707) Suite 462 C-3664-3 Ukiah, CA 95482

Phone: (707) 462-3664 This publication can be downloaded for free from Edited by our website: Tamara Camper, Shayne Green, www.mcrcd.org EditedEdited by by This publication can be downloaded for free from Darcie Mahoney & Geri Hulse-Stephens our website: Tamara Camper, Shayne Green, Tamara Camper, Shayne Green, www.mcrcd.org Darcie Mahoney &43 Geri Hulse-Stephens 43 Darcie Mahoney & Geri Hulse-Stephens

RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

43 43 4343 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE PLANT FOR TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL MENDOCINOCOUNTY COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE PLA FORNT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL MENDOCINOCOUNTY COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide Field Guide Field Guide

Notes Notes TableTable of Contents of Contents

ForewordForeword 1 1

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements 3 3

IntroductionIntroduction 4 4

How to UseHow this to UseGuide this Guide 5 5

Species DescriptionsSpecies Descriptions 6 6

ReferencesReferences Cited Cited 37 37

AppendixAppendix A: Significant A: Significant Forest Types Forest Types 38 38

GlossaryGlossary † † 40 40

43 43 42 42 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

pinnately lobed Feather-like, with two rows of structure on opposite sides of an axis. pistil Female reproductive structure of a flower, composed of an ovule- containing ovary at the base, one or more pollen-receiving stigmas at the tip and generally one or more styles between ovary and stigma ray flowers A generally pistillate (female only) or sterile bilateral flower in Aster- aceae (Sunflower family) with a long outer portion of the corolla (ligule) often 3-lobed, appearing on the margin of a head and accom- panied by more central disk flowers. recurved Gradually curved downward or backward. rhizome Underground, often elongate, more or less horizontal stem. Distin- guished from root by presence of leaves, leaf scars, scales or buds ruderal Growing in waste places, along roadsides and other places disturbed by human activity scalloped Having margins with wide, rounded tips and sinuses. sepals Individual member of the calyx, whether fused or not, and generally green. serrate Having margins with sharp teeth generally pointing tipward, not out- ward. spike Unbranched inflorescence of sessile flowers, nearly always opening from bottom to top. spikelets In Poaceae (the grass family), the smallest aggregation of flowers plus any subtending glumes. stamens Male reproductive structure or a flower typically composed of a stalk- like filament and a terminal, pollen-producing anther. Filaments sometimes partly fuse to the corolla or to other filaments to form a tube.

stellate Star-like. Generally said of a hair with three or more branches radi- ating from a common point. stigma The part of a pistil on which pollen is normally deposited, generally terminal and elevated above the ovary on a style, generally sticky or hairy, sometimes lobed.

strobili Cone-shaped reproductive structure bearing sporangia in Lycopodiace- ae (club moss family). tendrils A slender, coiling structure (generally stem, stipule or leaf tip) by which a climbing plants becomes attached to its support †Definitions developed from those in The Jepson Manual

43 43 4141 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE ANDRARERARE ENDANGERED ANDAND ENDANGEREDENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE PLANTPLANT FOR GUIDEGUIDE TIMBER FORFOR HARVEST TIMBERTIMBER HARVEST HARVESTPLANS IN PLANS PLANSCOASTAL ININ COASTAL COASTALMENDOCINO MENDOCINOMENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTYCOUNTY RARE AND RARERARE ENDANGERED ANDAND ENDANGEREDENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE PLAPLANTNT FOR GUIDEGUIDE TIMBER FORFOR HARVEST TIMBERTIMBER HARVESTHARVESTPLANS IN PLANS PLANSCOASTAL ININ COASTAL COASTALMENDOCINO MENDOCINOMENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTYCOUNTY Field Guide FieldField Guide Guide Field Guide FieldField GuideGuide

GlossaryGlossaryGlossary ForewardForewardForeward The originalTheThe originaloriginal draft ofdraftdraft this documentofof thisthis documentdocument and the and andaccompanying thethe accompanyingaccompanying field guidefieldfield wereguideguide written werewere writtenwritten bract bractbract Small leafSmallSmall or leafscaleleaf oror-like scalescale structure--likelike structurestructure associated associatedassociated with an withwith inflo- anan inflo-inflo- by the bylateby thethe Gordon latelate GordonGordon McBride McBrideMcBride in 2002. inin Gordon2002.2002. GordonGordon recognized recognizedrecognized the need thethe for needneed an easy forfor anan-to easyeasy- --toto-- rescencerescencerescence or cone. oror Generallycone.cone. GenerallyGenerally subtends subtendssubtends a branch, aa branch,branch, peduncle, peduncle,peduncle, use rareuseuse plant rarerare reference plantplant referencereference to assist toto professional assistassist professionalprofessional foresters forestersforesters when preparing whenwhen preparingpreparing Timber Timber Timber pedicel,pedicel,pedicel, flowers flowersflowers or cone or orscale. conecone scale.scale. HarvestHarvestHarvest Plans (THPs). PlansPlans (THPs). (THPs). The manual TheThe manualmanual is also anisis also alsoappeal anan appealappealfor cooperation forfor cooperationcooperation among amongtheamong thethe calyx calyxcalyx CollectiveCollectiveCollective term for termterm sepals; forfor sepals;sepals;outermost outermostoutermost or lowermost oror lowermostlowermost whorl ofwhorlwhorl ofof many “protagonists”,manymany “protagonists”,“protagonists”, who were whowho at werewere the time atat thethe debating timetime debatingdebating the best thethe way bestbest to treatwayway to torare treattreat rarerare flowerflower flowerparts, generallyparts,parts, generallygenerally green andgreengreen enclosing andand enclosingenclosing remainder remainderremainder of ofof plants inplantsplants THPs. inin THPs.THPs. flowerflower flowerin bud. inin bud.bud. capsulescapsulescapsules Dry, generallyDry,Dry, generallygenerally many- seeded manymany--seededseeded fruit from fruitfruit compound fromfrom compoundcompound pistil, pistil,pistil, GordonGordonGordon understood understoodunderstood the natural thethe naturalnatural tension tensiontension that exists thatthat between existsexists betweenbetween human human humanresource resourceresource de- de-de- nearly alwaysnearlynearly alwaysalwaysbreaking breakingbreaking open by openopen pores byby or porespores slits. oror slits.slits. mands mandsmandsand biological andand biologicalbiological resource resourceresource protection. protection.protection. As a botanist, AsAs aa botanist,botanist, he sought hehe soughtsoughtcommon commoncommon sense sensesense compoundcompoundcompound leaves leavesleavesA leaf dividedAA leafleaf divideddivided into distinct intointo distinctdistinct parts. Theparts.parts. blade TheThe is blade bladedivided isis dividedintodivided intointo solutionssolutionssolutions to this totodilemma. thisthis dilemma.dilemma. He openly HeHe openlychallengedopenly challengedchallenged the idea thethe that ideaidea “avoiding thatthat “avoiding“avoiding all im- allall im-im- primaryprimaryprimary leaflets leafletsleaflets connected connectedconnected by an axisbyby ananbut axis axisnot butbutblade notnot material.bladeblade material. material. pacts” pacts”topacts” rare totoplant rarerare habitat plantplant habitathabitat always alwaysalwaysprovided providedprovided the best thethe protection. bestbest protection.protection. His belief HisHis that beliefbelief thatthat periodicperiodicperiodic disturbances disturbancesdisturbances (such as (such(such those asas associated thosethose associatedassociated with timber withwith timbertimber harvesting) harvesting)harvesting) actually actuallyactually corolla corollacorolla CollectiveCollectiveCollective term for termterm petals; forfor petals;petals;whorl ofwhorlwhorl flower ofof flower flowerparts immediately partsparts immediatelyimmediately benefitbenefitbenefit some species somesome species specieshas since hashas become sincesince becomebecome more widelymoremore accepted.widelywidely accepted.accepted. inside orinsideinside above oror calyx,aboveabove often calyx,calyx, large oftenoften and largelarge brightly andand brightly brightlycolored. colored.colored. crenatecrenatecrenate ScallopedScallopedScalloped with margins withwith marginsmargins containing containingcontaining acute sinuses acuteacute sinusessinuses between betweenbetween Those ofThoseThose us who ofof usus knew whowho and knewknew worked andand workedworked with Gordon withwith GordonGordon are honored areare honoredhonored to transform toto transformtransform his origi- hishis origi-origi- shallowshallowshallow rounded roundedrounded teeth. teeth.teeth. nal draftnalnal into draftdraft a resourceintointo aa resourceresource that can thatthat be cancanused be beto usedusedlearn toto learnmorelearn about moremore rareaboutabout plants rarerare ofplantsplants the ofof thethe MendocinoMendocinoMendocino redwood redwoodredwood region. region. region.We have WeWe abbreviated havehave abbreviatedabbreviated the original thethe originaloriginal text and texttext updated andand updatedupdated disk flowersdiskdisk flowersflowers In AsteraceaeInIn AsteraceaeAsteraceae (sunflower (sunflower(sunflower family), family),family), the generally thethe generallygenerally bisexual, bisexual,bisexual, ra- ra-ra- informationinformationinformation to capture toto capturecapture the current thethe current currentstate of statestate rare ofofplant rarerare understanding. plantplant understanding.understanding. We think WeWe thinkthink dial flowerdialdial flower flowerwith a 4-with5with lobed aa 4-4-55 corolla. lobedlobed corolla.corolla. Appearing AppearingAppearing without withoutwithout an- an-an- GordonGordonGordon would havewouldwould approved havehave approvedapproved of these ofof changes. thesethese changes.changes. other flowerotherother flower flowertype or type typewith oror marginal withwith marginalmarginal ray or raypistillateray oror pistillatepistillate flowers. flowers.flowers. glabrousglabrousglabrous Hairless.Hairless.Hairless. GordonGordonGordon McBride McBrideMcBride was a dedicated waswas aa dedicateddedicated family man,familyfamily sportsman, man,man, sportsman,sportsman, philosopher, philosopher,philosopher, botanist, botanist,botanist, and educator.andand educator.educator. He took HeHe particular tooktook particularparticular pleasure pleasurepleasure in helping inin helpinghelpingothers, others,others,especially especiallyespecially young youngpeo-young peo-peo- inflorescensinflorescensinflorescens An entireAnAn entireentirecluster clusterclusterof flowers ofof flowersflowers and associated andand associatedassociated structures structuresstructures-e.g. --e.g.e.g. ple, to ple,learnple, toto more learnlearn about moremore the aboutabout natural thethe naturalnatural world around worldworld aroundaround us. There us.us. are ThereThere numerous areare numerousnumerous bota- bota-bota- axes, bracts,axes,axes, bracts,bracts,bractlets, bractlets,bractlets, pedicels. pedicels.pedicels. Often OftenOftendifficult difficultdifficult to define toto as definedefine as as nists andnistsnists foresters andand forestersforesters among among amongus who usus benefited whowho benefitedbenefited greatly greatlyfromgreatly his fromfrom generously hishis generouslygenerously-shared-- sharedshared to typeto toand typetype boundaries, andand boundaries,boundaries, but generally butbut generallygenerally excluding excludingexcluding full sized fullfull sizedsized knowledge.knowledge.knowledge. foliage foliagefoliageleaves. leaves. leaves. keel keelkeel The lowermostTheThe lowermostlowermost fused petals fusedfused of petalspetals many ofof members manymany membersmembers of the pea ofof thethe peapea EquallyEquallyEqually comfortable comfortablecomfortable cutting cuttingcutting firewood firewoodfirewood or peering oror peeringintopeering a intointomicroscope, aa microscope,microscope, Gordon Gordon Gordonhad an hadhad anan family. family.family. uncannyuncannyuncanny ability toabilityability blend toto the blendblend practical thethe practicalpractical with the with withacademic. thethe academic.academic. In a political InIn aa politicalpolitical climate climateclimate oblanceolateoblanceolateoblanceolate Blade isBladeBlade widest isis widestwidestabove theaboveabove middle thethe middle middle where wherepolarizedwhere polarizedpolarized viewpoints viewpointsviewpoints were the werewere norm, thethe Gordon norm,norm, GordonGordon well understood wellwell understoodunderstood the need thethe to needneed toto ovary ovaryovary Ovule-bearing,OvuleOvule--bearing,bearing, generally generallygenerally wider, wider,portionwider, portionportion of pistil ofof normallypistilpistil normallynormally both managebothboth managemanage and conserve andand conserveconserve the resources thethe resourcesresources of Mendocino ofof MendocinoMendocino County. County.County. We miss WeWe him. missmiss him.him. developingdevelopingdeveloping into a fruit intointo asaa fruit fruitovules asas ovulesbecomeovules becomebecome seeds. seeds.seeds. ovate ovateovate Egg-shapedEggEgg--shapedshaped in two indimensions,in twotwo dimensions,dimensions, widest widestwidestbelow thebelowbelow middle, thethe middle,middle, as asas Craig BlencoweCraigCraig BlencoweBlencowe of a leafofof shape. aa leafleaf shape.shape. DirectorDirectorDirector perennialperennialperennial Living moreLivingLiving than moremore two thanthan years twotwo or yearsyears growing oror growinggrowing seasons; seasons;seasons; generally generallygenerally MendocinoMendocinoMendocino County CountyCounty Resource ResourceResource Conservation ConservationConservation District DistrictDistrict from a fromtaproot.from aa taproot.taproot. petals petalspetals IndividualIndividualIndividual member membermember of the corolla, ofof thethe corolla,corolla, whether whetherwhether fused or fusedfused not; oror not;not; often oftenconspicuouslyoften conspicuouslyconspicuously colored. colored.colored.

43 43 40 4040 1 11 1 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

Appendix A: Significant Forest Types (continued)

Pygmy forest Pygmy forest is comprised of low, stunted trees that are generally scattered to form an open canopy. Dry sites have a dense, shrubby understory and mesic areas have more herbaceous plants. Soils are generally acidic and poorly drained podzols, which are low in nutrients and flood during winter. These areas are usually dominated by Hes- perocypariss pygmaea (pygmy cypress), Arctostaphlyos columbiana (hairy manza- nita), Ledum glandulosa (labrador tea), Pinus muricata (bishop pine), Vaccinium ovatum (evergreen huckleberry), Xerophyl- lum tenax (bear grass) and Rhododendron macrophyllum (big leaf rhododendron). This community type usually occupies marine terraces and is treated as a closed-cone forest type in Holland (1986).

Sitka spruce This forest type is typically dense forest dominated by Picea sitchensis (Sitka spruce) with scattered Abies grandis (grand fir). The trees are up to 35 m tall but are shorter where windblown near exposed coastal headlands. The understory is also dense with broadleaved trees, shrubs and perenni- al herbs, especially ferns. Soils are moist and well-drained and the areas are fre-

quently exposed to winds and fog. Associ- ated species include Acer circinatum (vine maple), Alnus rubra (red alder), Maianthe- mum dilatatum (false lily of the valley), Morella californica (wax myrtle), Frangula purshiana (cascara) and Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock).

43 43 2 3939 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE ANDRARE ENDANGERED AND ENDANGERED PLANT PLANT GUIDE GUIDE FOR TIMBER FOR TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY RARE ANDRARE ENDANGERED AND ENDANGERED PLANT PLA GUIDENT GUIDE FOR TIMBER FOR TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY Field GuideField Guide Field GuideField Guide

AppendixAppendix A: Significant A: Significant Forest Forest Types Types GrandGrand Fir forest Fir forest GrandGrand Fir forests Fir forests are dominated are dominated by Abies by Abies AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements grandisgrandis (grand (grand fir) and fir) mayand alsomay containalso contain Pinus Pinusmuricata muricata (Bishop (Bishop pine), pine), Pseudotsuga Pseudotsuga menziesiimenziesii (Douglas (Douglas fir), Alnus fir), Alnusrubra rubra(red al- (red al- der), Sequoiader), Sequoia sempervirens sempervirens coast coastredwood), redwood), PhotographsPhotographs and andIllustrations Illustrations Picea Piceasitchensis sitchensis (Sitka (Sitka spruce), spruce), Notholithocar- Notholithocar- We gratefullyWe gratefully acknowledge: acknowledge: pus densifloruspus densiflorus (tanoak), (tanoak), Tsuga Tsuga heterophylla heterophylla (western(western hemlock) hemlock) and Abies and Abiesconcolor concolor GordonGordon McBride McBride (white(white fir). fir).Trees Treesare generally are generally less than less than70 70 m tallm and tall the and tree the canopy tree canopy is continuous. is continuous. TamaraTamara Camper Camper ShrubsShrubs can be can infrequent be infrequent or common or common (in (in CheriCheri Sanville Sanville more moreopen openareas). areas). The ground The ground layer layercan also can also vary fromvary sparsefrom sparse to abundant. to abundant. These These forests forests JenniferJennifer L.Kalt L.Kalt generallygenerally occur occur on coastal on coastal slopes, slopes, maritime maritime DoreenDoreen L. Smith L. Smith terracesterraces and shallow, and shallow, sandstone sandstone derived derived soils fromsoils 0from-50 m0- 50in elevation. m in elevation. This standThis -stand- VernonVernon Smith Smith type rangestype ranges from thefrom outer the outernorth north coast coastrang- rang- SierraSierra Pacific Pacific Industries Industries es to Washington.es to Washington. Although Although it is a itcommon is a common seriesseries north north of California, of California, true stands true stands of of KerryKerry Heise Heise grandgrand fir are fir infrequent are infrequent in this in state. this state. Grand Grand fir mayfir bemay more be commonmore common within withinthe red- the red- AaronAaron Arthur Arthur woodwood forest forest matrix matrix than wasthan historically was historically the the Bob RutemoellerBob Rutemoeller case becausecase because redwoods redwoods are more are morevaluable valuable commerciallycommercially and have and beenhave beendisproportion- disproportion- ately selectedately selected for harvest. for harvest. MargrietMargriet Wetherwax Wetherwax and theand Jepson the Jepson Herbarium Herbarium and Libraryand Library for permission for permission to use to use NorthernNorthern Bishop Bishop pine pineforest forest BishopBishop pine forests pine forests are dominated are dominated by Pinus by Pinus line drawingsline drawings muricatamuricata (Bishop (Bishop pine), pine), and tsometimes and tsometimes also also containcontain Pinus Pinuscontorta contorta ssp. contorta ssp. contorta (beach (beach CraigCraig Blencowe Blencowe pine),pine), Pinus Pinuscontorta contorta ssp. bolander ssp. bolander (Bolander (Bolander MCRCDMCRCD Board Board Director Director for shepherding for shepherding this guidethis guide into existenceinto existence pine),pine), Pseudotsuga Pseudotsuga menziesii menziesii (Douglas (Douglas fir), fir),

LedumLedum glandulosum glandulosum (labrador (labrador tea), Arbutustea), Arbutus menziesiimenziesii (madrone), (madrone), Pinus Pinusradiata radiata FormattingFormatting and editingand editing assistance assistance by byMCRCD MCRCD staff staff (Monterey(Monterey pine), pine), Hesperocypariss Hesperocypariss pygmaea pygmaea UrsulaUrsula Butler Butler (pygmy(pygmy cypress), cypress), and Sequoia and Sequoia sempervirens sempervirens LindaLinda MacElwee MacElwee (coast(coast redwood). redwood). Trees Treesare generally are generally less less than 25than m 25tall m and tall the and canopy the canopy is continuous. is continuous. ShrubsShrubs can range can range from completelyfrom completely absent absent to to commoncommon depending depending on abiotic on abiotic factors. factors. The The CoverCover photo: photo: Lilium Lilium maritimum maritimum, Coast, Coast lily, ©Bob lily, ©Bob Rutemoeller Rutemoeller groundground layer layermay also may vary. also vary.These These forest forest standsstands generally generally occur occur on maritime on maritime terraces, terraces, headlands,headlands, rocky rockyridges ridges and areas and areaswith shal-with shal- low, acidiclow, acidic soils that soils area that inadequatelyarea inadequately draineddrained from elevationsfrom elevations of 0-400 of m.0-400 This m. This forestforest type istype treated is treated as one as of one the of Closed the Closed- - cone coniferouscone coniferous forests forests in Holland in Holland (1986). (1986). 43 43 38 38 3 3 3 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE ANDRARE ENDANGERED AND ENDANGERED PLANT PLANTGUIDE FORGUIDE TIMBER FOR TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANSIN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY RARE AND RARE ENDANGERED AND ENDANGERED PLANT PLAGUIDENT GUIDEFOR TIMBER FOR TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANSIN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide Field Guide Field Guide

IntroductionIntroduction ReferencesReferences Cited Cited

Baldwin,Baldwin, B., D. B.,Goldman, D. Goldman, D. Keil, D. R. Keil, Patterson, R. Patterson, T. Rosatti. T. Rosatti. 2012. 2012.The Jepson The Jepson Manual: Manual: Vascular Vascular This fieldThis fieldguide guideis intended is intended to accompany to accompany the deskthe copydesk copyof Rare of andRare Endangered and Endangered PlantsPlants of California, of California, Second Second Edition. Edition. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA: University CA: University of California of California Press. Press. PlantsPlants and Timber and Timber Harvest Harvest Plans Plans in Coastal in Coastal Mendocino Mendocino County County. Within. Within this guide this guide CDF (CaliforniaCDF (California Department Department of Forestry). of Forestry). 2005. 2005. Forest Forest Practice Practice Rules. Sacramento,Rules. Sacramento, CA: Cali- CA: Cali- are selectare select rare plantsrare plants that forestersthat foresters are most are mostlikely likelyto encounter to encounter while while preparing preparing forniafornia Department Department of Forestry. of Forestry. timbertimber harvest harvest plans plans(THPs) (THPs) in coastal in coastal Mendocino Mendocino County. County. Photographs, Photographs, descrip- descrip- tions,tions, and line and drawingsline drawings have havebeen beenprovided provided to aid to identification. aid identification. Many plants,Many plants, CNPS (CaliforniaCNPS (California Native Native Plant Society).Plant Society). 1995. Collection1995. Collection Guidelines Guidelines and Documentationand Documentation Tech- Tech- niques.niques. Sacramento, Sacramento, CA: California CA: California Native Native Plant Society.Plant Society. especiallyespecially grasses, grasses, sedges, sedges, and members and members of the of sunflower the sunflower family family will mostwill likelymost likely need needto be to identified be identified by a professionalby a professional botanist. botanist. However, However, some somespecies species are quiteare quite CNPS (CaliforniaCNPS (California Native Native Plant Society).Plant Society). 1998. Mitigation1998. Mitigation Guidelines Guidelines Regarding Regarding Impacts Impacts to to distinctdistinct and areand easily are easilyidentified identified by any by amateurany amateur botanist botanist or plant or-loving plant-loving forester. forester. Rare, Rare,Threatened, Threatened, and Endangered and Endangered Plants. Plants. Sacramento, Sacramento, CA: California CA: California Native Native Plant Plant A glossaryA glossary of key of terms key terms as well as aswell additional as additional references references have havebeen included.been included. Infor- Infor- Society.Society. mationmation regarding regarding habitat habitat and location and location are also are provided.also provided. CNPS (CaliforniaCNPS (California Native Native Plant Society).Plant Society). 2001. Botanical2001. Botanical Survey Survey Guidelines. Guidelines. Sacramento, Sacramento, CA: CA: CaliforniaCalifornia Native Native Plant Society.Plant Society. This guideThis guide does doesnot contain not contain all, or all, even or evenmost, most, of the of potential the potential rare speciesrare species that that couldcould be encountered. be encountered. Procedural Procedural scoping scoping will need will needto be to carried be carried out for out any for pro- any pro- CNPS CNPS(California (California Native Native Plant Society).Plant Society). 2012. Electronic2012. Electronic Inventory Inventory of Rare of and Rare Endangered and Endangered ject areaject andarea a and complete a complete floristic floristic survey survey is generally is generally recommended recommended for mostfor areas.most areas. VascularVascular Plants Plants of California of California Online. Online. Retrieved Retrieved from http://from http:// The deskThe copydesk copyof this of manuscript this manuscript provides provides additional additional details details regarding regarding scoping scoping and and www.rareplants.cnps.org/.www.rareplants.cnps.org/. surveysurvey recommendations, recommendations, as well as aswell policies as policies and publicand public agencies agencies relating relating to rare to rare DFG (CaliforniaDFG (California Department Department of Fish of and Fish Game) and Game) 2000. 2000.Guidelines Guidelines for Assessing for Assessing the Effects the Effects of of plants.plants. ProposedProposed Developments Developments on Rare, on Rare,Threatened Threatened and Endangered and Endangered Plants Plants and Plant and Plant Communities.Communities. Sacramento, Sacramento, CA: The CA: Resources The Resources Agency, Agency, California California Department Department of of AlthoughAlthough there there is very is littlevery littlescientific scientific evidence evidence regarding regarding potential potential impacts impacts to rare to rare Fish andFish Game. and Game. plants,plants, anecdotal anecdotal information information and availableand available research research has beenhas incorporatedbeen incorporated into into the guidethe guide to assist to assist foresters foresters in determining in determining impacts impacts and appropriate and appropriate mitigation. mitigation. DFW (CaliforniaDFW (California Department Department of Fish of and Fish Wildlife) and Wildlife) 2012. 2012. Rarefind4: Rarefind4: California California Natural Natural Diversi- Diversi- ty Databasety Database Online Online (CNDDB), (CNDDB), https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/ This sectionThis section of the of guide the guidewill mostwill likelymost likelyrequire require future future revisions revisions as information as information Retrieved Retrieved from from CNDDBCNDDB regardingregarding rare plantsrare plants increases. increases. Golec,Golec, C. 2002. C. 2002.Rare Plants Rare Plants of the of North the North Coast CoastRedwood Redwood Region Region (Unpublished (Unpublished document) document). . Eureka,Eureka, CA: Natural CA: Natural Resources Resources Management Management Corporation. Corporation.

Hickman,Hickman, J.C. 1993. J.C. 1993. The Jepson The Jepson Manual: Manual: Higher Higher Plants Plants of California. of California. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA: University CA: University of Californiaof California Press, Press, Holland,Holland, R.F. 1986. R.F. 1986.Preliminary Preliminary Descriptions Descriptions of the ofTerrestrial the Terrestrial Plant CommunitiesPlant Communities of Califor- of Califor-

nia. Statenia. Stateof California, of California, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA: The CA: Resources The Resources Agency, Agency, Department Department of of Fish andFish Game, and Game, Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Division. Division. Renner,Renner, M. 2005 M.. 2005Palco. PalcoHabitat Habitat Field GuideField Guide (Unpublished (Unpublished document). document). Scotia, Scotia, CA: Palco. CA: Palco. Sholars,Sholars, T. 2002. T. 2002.Rare Mendocino Rare Mendocino North North Coast CoastConiferous Coniferous Species: Species: Redwood Redwood Forest Forest (Unpublished(Unpublished document). document). Fort Bragg, Fort Bragg, CA. CA. State ofState California. of California. 2001. 2001. California California Environmental Environmental Quality Quality Act Guidelines. Act Guidelines. Office Office of Planning of Planning and Research,and Research, Articles Articles 5, 7, 9,5, 107, 9,& 20.10 & 20. 43 43 44 4 37 3737 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

How to Use This Guide

Within this guide each plant is described by scientific and common name as well as family and CNPS rank and state rank status for rarity. The distribution has been provided by county and known habitat. (Be advised that rare plants some- times occur in unexpected habitats.) A list of key features, taken from the Jep- son Manual (1993) and other field guides is provided. A glossary of terms is pro- vided in the back of the guide. Flowering time, taken from the CNPS Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (2012) as well as the appropriate identification time is provided for each plant. Flowering and identification times can vary from year to year and numerous visits to a site may be required to identify some species. A list of diagnostic features, similar species, and special notes including comments on impact assessment is also provided.

Each species profile includes a map of California quadrangles in which that spe- cies occurs (CNPS 2012), as well as photographs and line drawings of the species. All line drawings are copied with permission from the Jepson Manual unless oth- erwise noted.

A description of rare community types as well as general community types of potential concern in coastal Mendocino is provided in the appendix.

A glossary of terms has also been included at the back of the guide to assist users with terminology.

43 43 36 55 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY

RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER Field HARVEST Guide PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED RARE AND PLA ENDANGERED NT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST INField COASTAL Guide PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARERARE ANDRARE AND ENDANGERED AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANT PLANT PLANT GUIDE GUIDE GUIDE FOR FORTIMBER FOR TIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN IN COASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE ANDRARE AND ENDANGERED AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLA NTPLA PLA GUIDENTNT GUIDE GUIDE FOR FORTIMBER FOR TIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN IN COASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY COUNTY Field Field GuideField Guide Guide Field Field GuideField Guide Guide Scientific Name Astragalus agnicidus Common Names Humboldt County milkvetch FamilyScientificScientific Scientific Name Name Name AstragalusFabaceaeAstragalusAstragalus agnicidus agnicidus agnicidus CNPSCommonCommon ListCommon Names Names Names Humboldt1B.1Humboldt Humboldt County County County milkvetch milkvetch milkvetch StateFamily FamilyStatus/RankFamily FabaceaeSE/S3FabaceaeFabaceae DistributionCNPSCNPSCNPS List List List 1B.1Humboldt1B.1 1B.1 (HUM), Mendocino (MEN) HabitatStateStateState Status/Rank Status/Rank Status/Rank SE/S3ForestSE/S3SE/S3 generalist that commonly occupies disturbed, ruderal are- DistributionDistributionDistribution Humboldtas, HumboldtespeciallyHumboldt (HUM), (HUM), burned (HUM), Mendocino Mendocino areasMendocino and(MEN) (MEN) ridges. (MEN) 180-800 m. KeyHabitat FeaturesHabitatHabitat ForestPerennialForestForest generalist generalist plant generalist thatwith that commonly thatglabrous commonly commonly baseoccupies occupies occupiesand disturbed, sparse disturbed, disturbed, hairs ruderal ruderalabove. ruderal are- are-Up- are- as,as, especially especially burned burned areas areas and and ridges. ridges. 180 180-800-800 m. m. as,right especially stem that burned is .3 -areas1 m tall.and ridges.Leaves 180 are- 8004-16 m. cm with 13-27 oppo- KeyKey FeaturesKey Features Features PerennialPerennialPerennial plant plant plantwith with glabrouswith glabrous glabrous base base baseand and sparse and sparse sparse hairs hairs hairsabove. above. above. Up- Up- Up- site, paired leaflets. Each leaflet is 3-22 mm and oblong to ovate. rightright rightstem stem stemthat that isthat .30-1 is- 1 is.3 m .3-1 tall.- 1m m tall. Leaves tall. Leaves Leaves are are4 -are16 4 -cm416-16 cmwith cm with 13with- 2713 13 -oppo-27-27 oppo- oppo- Inflorescences have 10-40 flowers that are dense and soon re- site,site, pairedsite, paired paired leaflets. leaflets. leaflets. Each Each leafletEach leaflet leaflet is 3-22 is is 3-mm22 3-22 mm and mm and oblong and oblong oblong to ovate. to to ovate. ovate. Inflorescencesflexed.InflorescencesInflorescences The flower have have have10 -has40 10 -flowersa1040 -40calyx flowers flowers withthat that lobesarethat aredense are thatdense dense and are and soon 3-and5 mmsoon soonre- andre- re- flexed.whiteflexed.flexed. petals The The flower Thewith flower flower banners has ahas hascalyx a thatacalyx calyxwith are withlobes with 9.1 lobes lobes-11that mm.that arethat 3-are 5The aremm 3-5 3- flowers5mm and mm and and are O whiterecurvedwhitewhite petals petals at petals witha 45 with bannerswith angle banners banners andthat that the arethat are9.1keel are -9.111 9.1is -mm. 1111.4-11 mm. Themm.-14 The flowersmm. The flowers flowers Fruit are is are re-are O O recurvedflexedrecurvedrecurved and at a at 1145 at- a15O a45 angle 45mm angle angle andlong and the andand thekeel the 3 keelmm iskeel 11.4 is wide. is11.4- 1411.4 - mm.14 Fruit-14 mm. Fruitmm. is Fruitalso Fruitis re- is3 is-re-sided re- flexedwithflexed flexedlower and and 11sideand-15 11 -mm11narrow15-15 mm long mm long and andlong and grooved,3 and mm 3 3mm wide. mm wide.becoming wide. Fruit Fruit Fruitis also paperyis isalso 3 also-sided 3 -with3sided-sided hairs withthatwith lowerarewith lower sparse, lower side side narrow side ascending narrow narrow and and grooved, andand grooved, grooved, curved. becoming becoming becomingThe ovarypapery papery papery has with twowith hairswith cham-hairs hairs thatbers.that arethat aresparse, are sparse, sparse, ascending ascending ascending and and curved. and curved. curved. The The ovary The ovary ovary has hastwo has two cham- two cham- cham- bers.bers. Photos by Kerry Heise © 2011 Flowering Time bers.May- September PhotosPhotosPhotos by Kerry by by Kerry Kerry Heise Heise Heise © 2011 © © 2011 2011 FloweringFlowering Time Time MayMay-September-September IdentificationFlowering Time Time MayJuly--September (when fruits are present) IdentificationIdentificationIdentification Time Time Time JulyJuly-SeptemberJuly-September-September (when (when (when fruits fruits fruits are arepresent) are present) present) Diagnostic Features  Terminal leaflet DiagnosticDiagnosticDiagnostic Features Features Features   Terminal Terminal Terminal leaflet leaflet leaflet

   White White White White flowers flowers flowers flowers    Sparse, Sparse, Sparse, Sparse, wavy wavy wavy wavyhairs hairs hairs hairson on leafletson on leaflets leaflets leaflets and andfruit and fruit fruit fruit

SimilarSimilarSimilarSimilar species species species species   OftenOften OftenOften confused confused confused confused with with Lotuswithwith Lotus LotusLotus aboriginus aboriginusaboriginus aboriginus (formerly (formerly (formerly (formerly Hosackia Hosackia Hosackia rosea)rosea)rosea)rosea) which which which which is isglabrous isglabrous isglabrous glabrous with with with 9with-15 9 -rounded915-15 roundedrounded rounded leaflets leaflets leafletsleaflets and and 6 -10andand 6- 10 6-106- 10 whitewhitewhitewhite-pink-pink-pink -flowers.pink flowers. flowers. flowers.   AlsoAlso confused confused with with Lathyrus Lathyrus sp. sp. and and Vicia Vicia sp sp., .,which which have have  AlsoAlso confused confused with with Lathyrus Lathyrus sp. sp.and and Vicia Vicia sp., whichsp., which have have tendrilstendrils instead instead of of terminal terminal leaflets leaflets and and do do not not have have papery papery tendrilstendrils instead instead of ofterminal terminal leaflets leaflets and anddo notdo havenot havepapery papery fruitsfruitsfruits fruits Notes:Notes:Notes: Notes: Notes:Notes: Species Species Species appears appears appears to require to to require require disturbance disturbance disturbance for germination,for for germination, germination, Notes: especiallyNotes:especiallyespecially Species burning; burning; burning; appears however however however to plants require plants plants are aredisturbancesensitive are sensitive sensitive to herbicidetofor to herbicide germination,herbicide use use use andespeciallyand inbreeding.and inbreeding. inbreeding. burning; Plants Plants howeverPlants can canalso can also plantsbe also outcompetedbe be outcompetedare outcompeted sensitive by surrounding by byto surrounding surroundingherbicide use vegetation.vegetation. Retain Retain a significanta significant portion portion of of plants plants to to limitlimit inbreed- inbreed- vegetation.and inbreeding. Retain Plants a significant can also portion be outcompeted of plants to bylimit surrounding inbreed- ingvegetation.. Doinging notDo Do notallow not allowRetain allow herbicide herbicide aherbicide significant use usein use the in in theareaportion the area andarea and ofhand and plants hand handremove remove to remove limit com- com- inbreed-com- petinging petingDopeting notvegetation vegetationallow vegetation herbicide if necessary.if if necessary. necessary. use Allow in theAllow Allowremaining area remaining remaining and portionshand portions portions remove of theof of com-the the occurrenceoccurrenceoccurrence to be to to disturbedbe be disturbed disturbed and and monitor and monitor monitor results results results when when when feasible. feasible. feasible. peting vegetation if necessary. Allow remaining portions of the TrifoliumTrifoliumTrifolium trichocalyx trichocalyx trichocalyx occurrence to be disturbed and monitor results when feasible. Trifolium trichocalyx MontereyMontereyMonterey Clover Clover Clover Monterey43 Clover 43 6 6 6 6 35 353535 6 35 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

ScientificRARE AND ENDANGERED Name PLANTTrifolium GUIDE FOR TIMBERtrichocalyx HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Common Name Monterey clover Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARERARE AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANT PLANT GUIDE GUIDE FOR FOR TIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN INCOASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLA PLANTNT GUIDE GUIDE FOR FOR TIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN INCOASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY Family Fabaceae Field Guide Field Guide Field Field Guide Guide Field Field Guide Guide CNPS Rank 1B.1 State Status/Rank CE/S1, Federally endangered Scientific Name Trifolium trichocalyx DistributionScientificScientific Name Name MendocinoTrifoliumTrifolium trichocalyx trichocalyx (MEN ) and Monterey (MON) CommonCommonCommon Name Name Name MontereyMontereyMonterey clover clover clover Habitat Road beds and margins of secondary road surfaces in redwood/ FamilyFamilyFamily FabaceaeFabaceaeFabaceae Douglas fir forest CNPSCNPS CNPSRank Rank Rank 1B.11B.1 1B.1 KeyState FeaturesState StateStatus/Rank Status/Rank Status/Rank CE/S1, AnnualCE/S1,CE/S1, Federally Federally withFederally endangered stem endangered endangered ascending to decumbent, spreading. Leaves are Distribution Mendocino (MEN ) and Monterey (MON) DistributionDistribution caulineMendocinoMendocino and (MEN (MENthe ) stipulesand ) and Monterey Monterey have (MON) (MON)many bristle-tipped teeth with leaflets © 2005 Jennifer L. Kalt Habitat Road beds and margins of secondary road surfaces in redwood/ HabitatHabitat 0.5RoadRoad-1.0 beds beds cm, and and obovate margins margins of to of secondary oblanceolate. secondary road road surfaces surfacesThe flowering in inredwood/ redwood/ heads are 4-14 DouglasmmDouglasDouglas firwide forestfir fir withforest forest 1 to many flowers subtended by a bowl-shaped invo- Key Features Annual with stem ascending to decumbent, spreading. Leaves are KeyKey Features Features lucre,AnnualAnnual cutwith with beyond stem stem ascending ascending the middle, to to decumbent, decumbent, glabrous spreading. spreading. or hairy. Leaves Leaves The areflower are pink to caulinecaulinecauline and andthe and thestipules the stipules stipules have have havemany many bristlemany bristle -bristletipped-tipped-tipped teeth teeth teethwith leafletswith with leaflets leaflets © 2005 Jennifer L. Kalt 0.5-lavender1.0 cm, obovate and equalto oblanceolate. to or smaller The flowering than the heads calyx. are Calyx 4-14 hairy, 6-7 mm©© 2005 2005 Jennifer Jennifer L. L.Kalt Kalt 0.50.5-1.0-1.0 cm, cm, obovate obovate to to oblanceolate. oblanceolate. The The flowering flowering heads heads are are 4- 144-14 mmlong,mm widemm wide withlobeswide with 1 with togenerally 1 many to1 to many manyflowers greaterflowers flowers subtended subtendedthan subtended theby a tubeby bowl bya -bowlashaped arebowl-shaped -bristleshaped invo- invo- -invo-tipped, some- lucre,timeslucre, lucre,cut beyondcut forked.cut beyond beyond the White themiddle, the middle, middle, to glabrous purple glabrous glabrous or morning hairy. or or hairy. hairy.The- glory Theflower The flower flowerflowers. pink pinkto pink to to Flowering Time lavenderMaylavenderlavender -andJuly andequal and equal equalto or to smallerto or or smaller smaller than than the than thecalyx. the calyx. calyx.Calyx Calyx Calyxhairy, hairy, hairy,6-7 6mm- 67- mm 7 mm long,long, lobeslong, lobes lobesgenerally generally generally greater greater greater than than the than thetube the tube are tube arebristle are bristle bristle-tipped,-tipped,-tipped, some- some- some- Identification Time timesMay forked.-July White to purple morning-glory flowers. timestimes forked. forked. White White to to purple purple morning morning-glory-glory flowers. flowers. © Aaron Arthur DiagnosticFloweringFloweringFlowering Time Features Time Time MayMay-JulyMay - JulyCalyx-July sparsely to densely hairy IdentificationIdentificationIdentification Time Time TimeMay May-JulyMay - JulyCalyx-July tube smaller than or equal to lobes. Calyx lobes, narrow Diagnostic Features  Calyx sparsely to densely hairy © Aaron Arthur DiagnosticDiagnostic Features Features  Calyxattenuate,Calyx sparsely sparsely tobristle to densely densely-tipped hairy hairy ©© Aaron Aaron Arthur Arthur  Calyx tube smaller than or equal to lobes. Calyx lobes, narrow  CalyxPlantsCalyx tube tube grow smaller smaller as smallthan than or asor equal equal1.5 to cm to lobes. lobes.tall Calyxand Calyx erectlobes, lobes, narrowor narrow can branch with attenuate,attenuate,attenuate, bristle bristle -bristletipped-tipped-tipped  stems elongating and spreading laterally greater than 2 dm. Plants PlantsPlants grow grow asgrow small as as small smallas 1.5 as as cm1.5 1.5 tallcm cm andtall tall anderect and erect orerect can or or canbranch can branch branch with with with Similar Species T.stems variagatum elongating is ofand similar spreading stature laterally and greater often than co -2 occursdm. but calyx is stemsstems elongating elongating and and spreading spreading laterally laterally greater greater than than 2 dm.2 dm. SimilarSimilarSimilar Species Species Species T. variagatumglabrousT. T.variagatum variagatum andis of is similar the isof of similar involucresimilar stature stature stature and well andoften and developed.often often co-occurs co -cooccurs-occurs but T. butcalyx barbigerum but calyx iscalyx is is has a glabrousmoreglabrousglabrous and prominent, andthe and theinvolucre the involucre involucre bowl well -well developed.shaped well developed. developed. involucre T. barbigerum T. T.barbigerum barbigerum and hascalyx hasa has lobes a a have plu- more prominent, bowl-shaped involucre and calyx lobes have plu- mosemoremore prominent, bristles. prominent, T.bowl bowlbuckwestiorum-shaped-shaped involucre involucre is and glabrous and calyx calyx lobes lobesand have hashave plu- 3 plu--5 toothed mosemose mosebristles. bristles. bristles. T. buckwestiorum T. T.buckwestiorum buckwestiorum is glabrous is isglabrous glabrous and andhas and has3 -has5 3toothed- 35- toothed5 toothed calyxcalyxcalyx lobes,calyx lobes, lobes, lobes, appearing appearing appearingappearing reddish reddish reddish withreddish with age. with age. with age. age.

Notes: Notes:Notes:Notes: This This speciesThis This species speciesspecies has hasbeen has hasbeen observedbeen been observed observed observedon infrequently on on infrequently infrequently on infrequentlyused used forestused forest forest used forest roadsroads roadsand androad and road prisms. road prisms. prisms. It appears It Itappears appears to require to to require require some some somedisturbance disturbance disturbance to to to maintainroads habitat. and road Where prisms. all disturbance It appears has beento require removed, some popula- disturbance to maintainmaintainmaintain habitat. habitat. Where Where Where all all disturbance disturbanceall disturbance has has been been has removed, removed, been popula-removed, popula- popula- tionstions tionshave have beenhave been observedbeen observed observed to decline.to todecline. decline. Grading Grading Grading should should should be avoidedbe beavoided avoided duringtionsduringduring the theabovehave the above above groundbeen ground ground observedlifecycle lifecycle lifecycle of tothe of of decline.theplant the plant betweenplant betweenGrading between germination germinationshould germination be avoided andduring andseedand seed set,seed the set,roughly set, above roughly roughly February ground February February through lifecycle through through mid midJune.of mid theJune. June.Dust plant Dust abatement Dust abatementbetween abatement germination © Aaron Arthur should be restricted to watering only and rocking of road surface ©© Aaron Aaron Arthur Arthur andshouldshould seed be be restricted set, restricted roughly to to watering watering February only only andthrough and rocking rocking mid of of road June. road surface surface Dust abatement © Aaron Arthur shouldshouldshould not notexceed not exceed exceed a depth a deptha depth of 1 of-inch. of 1- 1inch. -Montereyinch. Monterey Monterey clover clover clover morphology morphology morphology should be restricted to watering only and rocking of road surface is greatlyis isgreatly greatly influenced influenced influenced by availableby byavailable available spring spring springmoisture. moisture.moisture. should not exceed a depth of 1-inch. Monterey clover morphology AstragalusAstragalusAstragalus agnicidus agnicidus agnicidus is greatly influenced by available spring moisture. Humboldt County Milkvetch HumboldtHumboldt County County43 Milkvetch MilkvetchAstragalus agnicidus 43

3434 3434 7 7 77 Humboldt County Milkvetch

34 7 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide Field Guide Field Guide

ScientificScientific Name Name CalystegiaCalystegia purpurata purpurata ssp. Saxicolassp. Saxicola CommonCommon Name Name CoastalCoastal bluff bluff morning morning-glory-glory FamilyFamily ConvolvulaceaeConvolvulaceae CNPSCNPS Rank Rank 1B.2 1B.2 StateState Status/Rank Status/Rank S2.2 S2.2 DistributionDistribution ContraContra Costa Costa (CCA), (CCA), Lake Lake(LAK), (LAK), Mendocino Mendocino (MEN), (MEN), Marin Marin (MRN), (MRN), SonomaSonoma (SON) (SON)

HabitatHabitat RockyRocky coastal coastal scrub scrub less than less than300’. 300’. Not likely Not likely to find to findwithin within forest- forest- RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBERed HARVEST areas,ed areas,PLANS but IN could COASTALbut could grade MENDOCINO grade into COUNTY forestsinto forests immediate RARE immediate AND ENDANGERED to the to coast.PLA theNT GUIDEcoast. FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide Key FeaturesKey Features WhiteWhite to purple to purple morning morning-glory-glory flowers. flowers.

ScientificFlowering NameFlowering TimeCalystegia Time purpurata April ssp. April– SeptemberSaxicola – September Common Name Coastal bluff morning-glory Photos by Kerry Heise © 2006 IdentificationIdentification Time TimeBlooming Blooming period period is easiest is easiest Photos by Kerry Heise © 2006 Family Convolvulaceae Diagnostic Features  CNPS Rank Diagnostic1B.2 Features Trailing Trailing to weakly to weakly climbing climbing stems; stems; flowers flowers range range from fromwhite white State Status/Rank S2.2 to purple, and has heart-shaped leaves. Distribution Contra Costa (CCA), Lake (LAK),to Mendocino purple, (MEN), and hasMarin heart (MRN),-shaped leaves. Sonoma (SON) SimilarSimilar Species Species Bush Bushmorning morning-glory-glory (Calystegia (Calystegia purpurata purpurata ssp. purpurata)ssp. purpurata) has simi- has simi- Habitat Rocky coastal scrublar less flowers, than 300’. but Not triangularlikely to find leaves.within forest- ed areas, but could gradelar into flowers, forests immediate but triangular to the coast. leaves. Key Features White to purple morning-glory flowers. Notes: Notes: Threatened Threatened by development, by development, foot traffic,foot traffic, and nonand-native non-native Flowering Time April – September plants.plants. Habitat Habitat is immediate is immediate coast. coast. Identification Time Blooming period is easiest Photos by Kerry Heise © 2006

Diagnostic Features  Trailing to weakly climbing stems; flowers range from white to purple, and has heart-shaped leaves.

Similar Species Bush morning-glory (Calystegia purpurata ssp. purpurata) has simi- lar flowers, but triangular leaves.

Notes: Threatened by development, foot traffic, and non-native plants. Habitat is immediate coast.

TrifoliumTrifolium buckwestiorum buckwestiorum SantaSanta Cruz Cruz Clover Clover Trifolium buckwestiorum Santa Cruz Clover 43 43 88 8 33 3333 8 33 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

Scientific Name Trifolium buckwestiorum RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Common Name Santa Cruz clover Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide FamilyRARE AND RARERARE ENDANGERED AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANT FabaceaeGUIDE PLANT PLANT FOR GUIDE GUIDE TIMBER FOR FOR HARVEST TIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS IN PLANS PLANS COASTAL IN IN COASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY COUNTY RARE AND RARE RARE ENDANGERED AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE PLA PLANTNT FOR GUIDE GUIDE TIMBER FOR FOR HARVEST TIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS IN PLANS PLANS COASTAL IN IN COASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY COUNTY Field Guide FieldField Guide Guide Field Guide FieldField Guide Guide CNPS Rank 1B.1 State Status/Rank None/S2 ScientificScientificScientific Name NameName TrifoliumTrifoliumTrifolium buckwestiorum buckwestiorumbuckwestiorum Distribution Mendocino (MEN), Monterey (MNT), Santa Cruz (SCR), Sonoma CommonCommonCommon Name NameName Santa CruzSantaSanta clover CruzCruz cloverclover (SON) Family Fabaceae Habitat FamilyFamily GravellyFabaceaeFabaceae margins, secondary road surfaces in redwood/Douglas fir CNPS RankCNPSCNPS RankRank 1B.1 1B.11B.1 State Status/Rank None/S2forest Rocky coastal scrub less than 300’. Key FeaturesStateState Status/RankStatus/Rank Annual,None/S2None/S2 stem decumbent to ascending. Leaves cauline, stipules Distribution Mendocino (MEN), Monterey (MNT), Santa Cruz (SCR), Sonoma DistributionDistribution have MendocinomanyMendocino bristle (MEN),(MEN),-tipped MontereyMonterey teeth (MNT),(MNT), with SantaleafletsSanta CruzCruz 0.5 (SCR),(SCR),-1.5 Sonomacm,Sonoma elliptic to (SON) (SON)(SON) HabitatHabitat Habitat GravellyobovateGravellyGravelly margins, and margins,margins,finely secondary secondaryserrate.secondary road surfacesFlowering roadroad surfacessurfaces in redwood/Douglas heads inin redwood/Douglasredwood/Douglas are 8 to fir12 mm firfir wide forestwith Rockyforest5forest - many coastal RockyRocky flowers coastalscrubcoastal less scrubscrubsubtended than lessless 300’. thanthan by 300’.300’. a bowl -shaped involucre, Key FeaturesKeyKey FeaturesFeatures Annual,irregularlyAnnual, Annual,stem cut.decumbent stemstem Flower decumbentdecumbent to is ascending. pale toto pink ascending.ascending. Leaves to white Leavescauline,Leaves with cauline,cauline, stipules a darker stipulesstipules keel 6-7 havemm many long.havehave bristle manyThemany - distinctivetipped bristlebristle-- tippedtippedteeth withcalyxteethteeth leaflets haswithwith a leafletsleaflets 0.510--veined1.5 cm, 0.50.5--1.5 1.5elliptictube cm,cm, 4 ellipticellipticto-5 mm toto long obovate and finely serrate. Flowering heads are 8 to 12 mm wide and lobesobovateobovate with andand 3 finely-finely5 bristle serrate.serrate.-tipped FloweringFlowering lateral headsheads teeth, areare 88 oftentoto 1212 mmmmred- tipped.widewide with 5 -with withmany 55 -flowers- manymany flowersflowers subtended subtendedsubtended by a bowl byby- shaped aa bowlbowl--shaped shapedinvolucre, involucre,involucre, irregularlySeeds 1 -cut.2. Flower is pale pink to white with a darker keel 6-7 irregularlyirregularly cut.cut. FlowerFlower isis palepale pinkpink toto whitewhite withwith aa darkerdarker keelkeel 66--77 ©Vernon Smith Flowering Time mmMay long.-mmJulymm The long. long. distinctive TheThe distinctivedistinctive calyx has calyxcalyx a 10- veinedhashas aa 10- 10-veinedtubeveined 4- tube5tube mm 44 long--55 mmmm longlong Identification Time andMay lobes-andJulyand with lobes lobes 3- 5 withwith bristle 33--55- tipped bristlebristle-- tippedlateraltipped lateralteeth,lateral oftenteeth,teeth, redoftenoften-tipped. redred--tipped. tipped. Seeds 1Seeds-Seeds2. 11--2.2. ©Vernon Smith DiagnosticFloweringFloweringFlowering Time TimeTime May -JulyFloweringMayMay --JulyJuly heads terminal and axillary ©Vernon©Vernon SmithSmith FeaturesIdentificationIdentification Identification Time TimeMayTime -JulyCalyxMayMay --JulyJuly generally smaller than tube, lobes 3-5 toothed and bris- DiagnosticDiagnosticDiagnostic  Floweringtle -tippedFloweringFlowering heads often terminal headsheads reddish terminalterminal and axillary andatand the axillaryaxillary tips, especially in age.  FeaturesFeaturesFeatures  CalyxPlants generallyCalyxCalyx grow generallygenerally smaller as small smallersmallerthan as tube, 1.5 thanthan cmlobes tube,tube, tall 3 lobes-lobes 5and toothed 3erect3--55 toothedtoothed and or bris- can andand branch bris-bris- tlewith-tippedtle tlestems-- tippedtippedoften elongating reddishoftenoften reddish reddishat theand attips, at spreading thethe especially tips,tips, especiallyespeciallylaterally in age. inin greater age.age. than 2  Plantsdm. grow Plants Plants as growgrow small asas as smallsmall 1.5 cm asas 1.5tall1.5 cmandcm tall tallerect andand or erecterect can branch oror cancan branchbranch with stems elongating and spreading laterally greater than 2 Similar Species  T. variagatumwithwith stemsstems elongatingelongatingis of similar andand stature spreadingspreading and laterallylaterally often greater greaterco-occurs thanthan but 22 dm. dm.dm. calyx lobes are generally greater than the tube, have a single Similar SimilarSpeciesSimilar Species Species  T. variagatum T.T. variagatumvariagatum is of similar isis ofof similarstaturesimilar staturestatureand often andand co oftenoften-occurs coco- -butoccursoccurs butbut calyxbristle lobescalyxcalyx tip are lobeslobes generallyand areare flowers generallygenerally greater are greater greaterthan lavender the thanthan tube, thetheto have tube,tube,purple, a single havehave tips a a singlesingle generally bristlewhite. tip T.and barbigerum flowers are haslavender a more to purple,prominent tips generally involucre and bristlebristle tiptip andand flowersflowers areare lavenderlavender toto purple,purple, tipstips generallygenerally white.calyx T.white.white. tube barbigerum T.T.is barbigerumbarbigerum5-veined has a more with hashas aaprominent plumose moremore prominentprominent involucrebristles. involucreinvolucre and T. trichocalyx andand has T. trichocalyx calyxflowers tubecalyxcalyx is tube5equaltube-veined isis to 55- - veinedwithveinedcalyx plumose lobes. withwith plumoseplumose bristles.Calyx bristles.isbristles. hairy T.T.and trichocalyxtrichocalyx lobes has narrow, hashas flowers equal to calyx lobes. Calyx is hairy and lobes narrow, attenuate.flowersflowers equalequal toto calyxcalyx lobes.lobes. CalyxCalyx isis hairyhairy andand lobeslobes narrow,narrow, attenuate.attenuate.attenuate. Notes:Notes: Notes: Notes:This This species This Thisspecies species specieshas been has hashas beenobserved beenbeen observed observedobserved on infrequently onon on infrequentlyinfrequently infrequently used usedused used forestforest roadsforestforest roads and roadsroads and road andand road prisms. roadroad prisms. prisms.prisms.It appears It ItIt appears appears to require toto to require requiresome require disturb- somesome some disturb-disturb- disturb- anceance to ance toancemaintain maintain toto maintainmaintain habitat. habitat. habitat.habitat. Where Where WhereallWhere disturbance allall disturbancedisturbance has been hashas re-has beenbeen been re-re- re- moved, populations have been observed to decline. Grading moved,moved,moved, populations populationspopulations have havehave been beenbeen observedobserved toto to decline.decline. decline. GradingGrading Grading should be avoided during the above ground lifecycle of the plant shouldshouldshould be avoided bebe avoidedavoided during duringduring the thethe above aboveabove groundground lifecyclelifecycle lifecycle ofof the theof planttheplant plant Calystegia purpurata ssp. saxicola betweenbetweenbetween germination germinationgermination and seed andand set, seedseed roughly set,set, roughly roughlyFebruary FebruaryFebruary through throughthrough mid midmid CalystegiaCalystegiaCalystegia purpuratapurpurata ssp.ssp. purpurata saxicolasaxicola ssp. saxicola June.between Dust abatement germination should and be restrictedseed set, to roughly watering Februaryonly and through mid June.June. DustDust abatementabatement shouldshould bebe restrictedrestricted toto wateringwatering onlyonly andand Coastal Bluff Morning-glory rockingJune.rocking rockingofDust road abatement ofofsurface roadroad surface surfaceshould should shouldnotshould exceed be notnot restricted exceedaexceed depth a aof depthdepthto 1- wateringinch. ofof 11--inch.inch. only and CoastalCoastal BluffBluff MorningMorning--gloryglory Santarocking CruzSantaSanta of clover CruzroadCruz morphology cloverclover surface morphologymorphology should is greatly not isis greatlyinfluencedgreatly exceed influencedinfluenced aby depth available byby of availableavailable 1-inch. Coastal Bluff Morning-glory 43 43 springSanta moisture.springspring Cruz moisture.moisture.clover morphology is greatly influenced by available spring moisture.32 3232 9 999 32 9 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST Field Guide PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLA NT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST Field PLANSGuideField Guide IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide RARERARERARE ANDAND AND ENDANGEREDENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANTPLANT PLANT GUIDEGUIDE GUIDE FORFOR TIMBERFORTIMBER TIMBER HARVESTHARVEST HARVEST PLANSPLANS PLANS ININ COASTALCOASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINOMENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTYCOUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE RARE ANDAND AND ENDANGEREDENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLAPLANT NTPLA GUIDEGUIDENT GUIDE FORFOR TIMBERFORTIMBER TIMBER HARVESTHARVEST HARVEST PLANSPLANS PLANS ININ COASTALCOASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINOMENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTYCOUNTY COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide FieldField Field GuideGuide Guide FieldField Field GuideGuide Guide

Scientific Name Campanula californica ScientificScientificScientific NameName Name CampanulaCampanulaCampanula californicacalifornica californica CommonCommonCommonCommon Names NamesNames Names SwampSwampSwampSwamp harebell harebellharebell harebell FamilyFamilyFamily Family CampanulaceaeCampanulaceaeCampanulaceaeCampanulaceae CNPSCNPSCNPS ListCNPS ListList List 1B.21B.21B.2 1B.2 StateStateState Status/RankState Status/RankStatus/Rank Status/Rank None/S3 None/S3None/S3 DistributionDistributionDistribution MendocinoMendocinoMendocino (MEN), (MEN), (MEN), Marin Marin Marin (MRN), (MRN), (MRN), Santa Santa Santa CruzCruz Cruz (SCR),(SCR), (SCR), Sonoma Sonoma (SON) (SON) (SON)

HabitatHabitatHabitat WetlandWetlandWetland obligate obligate obligate found found found in in areas areas in areas with with with aa highhigh a high waterwater water tables tables includ-includ- includ- inginging mesic mesicmesicing mesic roadcuts, roadcuts,roadcuts, roadcuts, openings, openings,openings, openings, marshes, marshes,marshes, marshes, swamps swampsswamps swamps andandand and meadows.meadows. meadows. 1-40511--405405 1m.- 405 m.m. m. KeyKeyKey Features Key FeaturesFeatures Features PerennialPerennialPerennialPerennial herb herbherb growingherb growinggrowing growing from fromfrom from a aa rhizome. rhizome.rhizome. a rhizome. TheTheThe The stemstem stem isis vinevine is vine---likelikelike- likeand andand and clambering,clambering,clambering,clambering, +/ +/+/- 1-- 11+/mm mmmm- 1 wide,mm wide,wide, wide, 4 44-angled,--angled,angled, 4-angled, with withwith with smallsmall small recurvedrecurved recurved hairs.hairs.hairs. hairs. LeavesLeavesLeavesLeaves are areare alternate, alternate,arealternate, alternate, ovate ovateovate ovate and andand 2 and 22--10-1010 2 mm mm-mm10 mm longlong long withwith with scallopedscalloped scalloped margins.margins.margins. Flowers Flowers Flowers are are 8 8are-15--1515 8mm mm-mm15 longmm longlong long with withwith with aa partiallypartially a partially fusedfused fused calyxcalyxcalyx calyx andandand corolla and corollacorolla corolla with withwith 5with 55spreading spreadingspreading 5 spreading lobes. lobes.lobes. lobes. There ThereThere There areare fivearefive five stamensstamens stamens andandand and the stigma does not extend beyond the corolla lobes (petals). thethe stigma thestigma stigma does does doesnot not extendnotextend extend beyondbeyond beyond thethe thecorollacorolla corolla lobes lobes (petals).(petals). (petals). Flowering Time June-October FloweringFloweringFlowering Time Time Time JuneJune-OctoberJune-October-October IdentificationIdentificationIdentification TimeTime Time JuneJuneJune--October-October Identification Time June-October DiagnosticDiagnostic Features Features  Crenate/scallopedCrenate/scalloped Crenate/scalloped marginsmargins margins onon leaves leaveson leaves Photos © 2016 Jennifer L. Kalt Diagnostic Features  Crenate/scalloped margins on leaves PhotosPhotos © 2016 © 2016 Jennifer Jennifer L. Kalt L. Kalt  StigmaStigma Stigma doesdoes does notnot notextendextend extend beyondbeyond beyond corollacorolla corolla Photos © 2016 Jennifer L. Kalt  Stigma does not extend beyond corolla  Hairs Hairs are easilyare easily felt felton stem on stem and andleaves leaves by running by running hand hand up up

 Hairsplant.plant. plant.are easily felt on stem and leaves by running hand up SimilarSimilarSimilar speciesspecies species  plant.Species SpeciesSpecies isis oftenoften is often confusedconfused confused withwith Asyneuma with Asyneuma prenanthoides prenanthoides,, , Similar species  Speciesformerlyformerlyformerly is often CampanulaCampanula Campanula confused prenanthoidesprenanthoides prenanthoides with Asyneuma (California(California (California prenanthoides harebell)harebell) harebell) , formerlywhichwhich does Campanula does not nothave haveprenanthoides the therecurved recurved hairs (California hairs and andis more harebell) is more erect erect whichwithwith doesa stigma a not stigma havethat that theextends extendsrecurved beyond beyond hairs the andthecorrolla iscorrolla more lobes lobes erect and and6 6 withanthers.anthers. aanthers. stigma LeafLeaf Leaf marginsmarginsthat margins extends ofof A. of prenanthoides beyondA. prenanthoides the corrolla areare alsoarealso lobes also saw-saw- saw-and 6 anthers.toothedtoothedtoothed Leaf oror jaggedjagged marginsor jagged insteadinstead of instead A. prenanthoidesofof delicatelydelicately of delicately scalloped.scalloped. are scalloped. also saw- toothed or jagged instead of delicately scalloped. Notes: Notes: ItIt appearsappears It appears thatthat that thethe theswampswamp swamp harebellharebell harebell willwill will tolerate,tolerate, tolerate, andand and Notes: perhapsperhaps It appearsperhaps eveneven thateven prosper,prosper, theprosper, swamp inin somesome in someharebell NorthNorth North CoastCoast will Coast tolerate, ConiferousConiferous Coniferous and For-For- For- perhapsestest (NCCF)(NCCF)est even(NCCF) soilsoil prosper, soiltypestypes types withwith in somewith shallowshallow shallow North waterwater Coastwater tablestables Coniferoustables wherewhere where thethe For- the estshadingshading (NCCF)shading canopycanopy soil canopy types hashas withhasbeenbeen been shallow removedremoved removed water andand and thethe tables thegroundground groundwhere dis-dis- thedis- shadingturbed.turbed.turbed. canopy TheseThese These observationsobservationshas observations been removed shouldshould should and notnot thenotbebe construedconstruedgroundbe construed dis- toto tomeanmean mean turbed.thatthatthat logginglogging These logging will willobservations willautomaticallyautomatically automatically should benefitbenefit benefitnot beswampswamp construedswamp harebellharebell harebell to popu-popu-mean popu- lations, however CDFW may allow for limited timber har- thatlations, logginglations, however will however automatically CDFW CDFW may mayallow benefit allow for limited forswamp limited timber harebell timber har- popu-har- vesting operations around this species. lations,vestingvesting however operations operations CDFW around aroundmay thisallow thisspecies. for species. limited timber har- vesting operations around this species. ThermopsisThermopsis robusta robusta RobustThermopsisRobust False False Lupine robusta Lupine

Robust43 False Lupine 43 10 10 10 31 3131 10 31 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER Field HARVEST Guide PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLA NT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST Field PLANS GuideField IN COASTAL Guide MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide RARE RARE AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANT PLANT GUIDE GUIDE FOR FOR TIMBER FieldTIMBER Guide HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN IN COASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLA PLA NT NT GUIDE GUIDE FOR FOR TIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST Field Guide PLANS PLANS IN IN COASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY FieldField Guide Guide FieldField Guide Guide

Scientific Name Thermopsis robusta CommonSScientificcientific Name Name Name RobustThermopsisThermopsis false lupine robustarobusta FamilyCommonCommon NameName FabaceaeRobustRobust falsefalse lupinelupine

RARE AND FamilyENDANGEREDFamily PLANT GUIDE1B.2 FORFabaceae Fabaceae TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY CNPS Rank Field Guide Field Guide StateCNPSCNPS Status/ RankRank S2.21B.2 1B.2 RankStateState Status/Status/ S2.2S2.2 DistributionRankRank Del Norte (DNT), Humboldt (HUM), Mendocino (MEN), Siskiyou ScientificDistributionDistribution Name Thermopsis (SIS), DelrobustaDel Trinity NorteNorte (TRI) (DNT),(DNT), HumboldtHumboldt (HUM),(HUM), MendocinoMendocino (MEN),(MEN), SiskiyouSiskiyou Common Name Robust falseOpenings(SIS), (SIS),lupine Trinity Trinityin transitional (TRI)(TRI) pygmy or grassy openings in foothill

Habitat © 2001 Doreen L.. ©Smith 2001 Doreen Family HabitatHabitat Fabaceaewoodland OpeningsOpenings less in inthan transitionaltransitional 4500 feet pygmy pygmyin elevation. oror grassygrassy openingsopenings inin foothillfoothill CNPS Rank 1B.2 woodlandwoodland lessless thanthan 45004500 feetfeet inin elevation.elevation. L.. ©Smith 2001 Doreen L.. ©Smith 2001 Doreen StateKey Status/ Features S2.2 Large yellow lupine-like racemes. Plant is green to gray-hairy. The KeyKey FeaturesFeatures leaf LargehairsLarge give yellowyellow the lupinelupine plant- -alikelike silvery racemes.racemes. sheen PlantPlant on the isis green greenleaf undersides. toto graygray--hairy.hairy. TheThe Rank Distribution Del Norte (DNT),leafleaf hairsHumboldthairs givegive (HUM), thethe plantplant Mendocino aa silverysilvery (MEN), sheensheen Siskiyou onon thethe leafleaf undersides.undersides. Flowering Time(SIS), TrinityMay (TRI) – July

MayMay –– JulyJuly HabitatIdentification FloweringFlowering Time TimeOpenings Blooming in transitional period pygmy is easiest or grassy openings in foothill © 2001 Doreen L.. ©Smith 2001 Doreen

TimeIdentificationIdentification woodland lessBloomingBlooming than 4500 period periodfeet in elevation.isis easiesteasiest KeyDiagnostic FeaturesTimeTime Fea-Large yellowHabitat lupine is key.-like racemes.Has gray Plant green is green leaflets to gray that-hairy. are Thehairy and generally leaf hairsoccur give thein “threes”. plant a silvery sheen on the leaf undersides. turesDiagnosticDiagnostic Fea-Fea- HabitatHabitat isis key.key. HasHas graygray greengreen leafletsleaflets thatthat areare hairyhairy andand generallygenerally Floweringturestures Time May – July occuroccur inin “threes”.“threes”. Similar Species  The flowering raceme is similar to yellow bush lupine, Smith © Vernon Identification Blooming period is easiest SimilarSimilar SpeciesSpecies   however, TheThe floweringflowering the lupine racemeraceme has palmate isis similarsimilar leaves toto yellow yellow bushbush lupine,lupine, Smith © Vernon Smith © Vernon Time Diagnostic Fea- Habitat Notes:is key. Has Can however, however,gray be green seen thetheleaflets in lupinetransitionallupine that hashas are palmatepalmatehairy pygmy and leavesleaves generallyareas in disturbed sites tures occur inalong “threes”. Notes:Notes: roads Can(CameronCan bebe seenseen Road, inin transitionaltransitional Iversen Road, pygmypygmy or Fish areasareas Rock inin Road disturbeddisturbed for sitessites instance.)alongalong roadsroads (Cameron(Cameron Road,Road, IversenIversen Road,Road, oror FishFish RockRock RoadRoad forfor Similar Species  The floweringinstance.)instance.) raceme is similar to yellow bush lupine, Smith © Vernon however, the lupine has palmate leaves

Notes: Can be seen in transitional pygmy areas in disturbed sites along roads (Cameron Road, Iversen Road, or Fish Rock Road for instance.)

Campanula californica CampanulaCampanula californicacalifornica Swamp Harebell

Campanula californica SwampSwamp HarebellHarebell 43 43 30 Swamp Harebell 11 30 3030 1111 30 11 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE RARE AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANT PLANT GUIDE GUIDE FOR FOR TIMBER FieldTIMBER HARVEST Guide HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLA NTPLA GUIDE NT GUIDE FOR FORTIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS FieldIN COASTAL IN Guide COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER Field HARVEST Field Guide Guide PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLA NT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST Field PLANS Field Guide IN Guide COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide Scientific Name Erythronium revolutum CommonScientificScientific Names Name Name CoastErythroniumErythronium fawn lily revolutum revolutum Scientific Name Erythronium revolutum FamilyCommon Common Names Names LiliaceaeCoastCoast fawn fawn lily lily CommonFamilyFamily Names CoastLiliaceaeLiliaceae fawn lily CNPS List 2B.2 FamilyCNPSCNPS List List Liliaceae2B.22B.2 State Status/Rank None/S3 CNPSStateState List Status/Rank Status/Rank 2B.2None/S3 None/S3 DistributionStateDistributionDistribution Status/Rank DelNone/S3Del NorteDel Norte Norte (DNT), (DNT), (DNT), Humboldt Humboldt Humboldt (HUM), (HUM), Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino (MEN), (MEN), (MEN), Siskiyou Siskiyou Siskiyou Distribution (SIS),Del(SIS), Norte (SIS),Sonoma Sonoma (DNT),Sonoma (SON), (SON), Humboldt (SON), OregonOregon Oregon (HUM), (OR),(OR), (OR), Mendocino Washington Washington Washington (MEN), (WA) (WA) (WA) Siskiyou HabitatHabitatHabitat Reportedly(SIS),ReportedlyReportedly Sonoma occupies occupies (SON), occupies Oregon bogs bogs bogs and (OR), and fens,fens, Washingtonfens, broadleaved broadleaved broadleaved (WA) upland upland upland forest forest forest Habitat andReportedlyand NCCF.and NCCF. NCCF. It occupies It is is oftenIt often is often bogs foundfound andfound in fens, inmesicmesic broadleavedmesic areas,areas, areas, particularly particularly particularlyupland forest along along along streambanksandstreambanks NCCF.streambanks It is and oftenand androadsides roadsides found roadsides in mesic areas, particularly along Key KeyFeaturesKey Features Features PerennialstreambanksPerennialPerennial from from and from a a roadsidessubterranean subterranean a subterranean bulb.bulb. bulb. No No Novisible visible visible stem. stem. stem. Leaves Leaves Leaves are are Key Features 10Perennial10 to to 1025 25 to cm fromcm25 long, cmlong, a subterraneanlong, lanceolate lanceolate lanceolate to bulb. ovate,ovate,to ovate,No withvisible with with wavy wavy stem. wavy margins margins Leaves margins and are andand are are 10 to 25 cm long, lanceolate to ovate, with wavy margins and are mottledmottledmottled withwith withbrownbrown brown oror white.or white. StalkStalk Stalk ofof the theof theinflorescence inflorescence inflorescence is is15is to15 40to 4040 mottledcm cmand and produceswith produces brown one or one towhite. three to three Stalk flowers. flowers.of the Perianthinflorescence Perianth (fused (fused issepals 15sepals to and 40 and © 2008© 2008 Sierra Sierra Pacific Pacific Industries Industries cm and produces one to three flowers. Perianth (fused sepals and © 2008© Sierra 2008 Pacific Sierra IndustriesPacific Industries cmpetals) andpetals) produces segments segments one are to are25 three to25 40 to flowers. mm40 mm long long Perianthand and are are(fusedlanceolate, lanceolate, sepals and and and petals) segments are 25 to 40 mm long and are lanceolate, and petals)pinkpink with segments with yellow yellow are bands 25bands to at 40 the at mm the base. longbase. The and The flower are flower lanceolate, has hassix stamenssix andstamens pink with yellow bands at the base. The flower has six stamens pinkand withand one one yellowpistil. pistil. bands at the base. The flower has six stamens FloweringFlowering Time Time andandMarch oneoneMarch -pistil.June-June FloweringFloweringIdentificationIdentification Time Time Time TimeMarchMarch MarchMarch--JuneJune-June- June IdentificationIdentificationDiagnosticDiagnostic Features TimeFeaturesTime MarchMarch  --Basal JuneJuneBasal leaves leaves are arepaired paired and and lightly lightly mottled mottled DiagnosticDiagnostic Features Features  Basal leaves are paired and lightly mottled  BasalAnthers Anthers leaves are arelarge largepaired and and flat and flat lightly mottled  Anthers are large and flat SimilarSimilar species species   Anthers ErythroniumErythronium are large californicum californicum and flat and and E.multiscapoideum E.multiscapoideum are arealso also Similar species  Erythronium californicum E.multiscapoideum Similar species  Erythroniumfoundfound locally, locally, californicum and and have have mottled and and mottled E.multiscapoideum leaves, leaves, but butthe thearefilaments alsofilaments are also in in found locally, and have mottled leaves, but the filaments in foundE. revolutumE. locally, revolutum areand are distinctly have distinctly mottled flattened flattened leaves, and butand more the more than filaments than 1.5 1.5 mm mm in E. revolutum are distinctly flattened and more than 1.5 mm E. widerevolutumwide while while the are the filaments distinctly filaments in theflattened in theother other two andtwo are aremoreround round than and andless1.5 less mm widethan thanwhile 0.8mm 0.8mm the wide filaments wide in the other two are round and less widethan 0.8mmwhile the wide filaments in the other two are round and less  than E. revolutum E.0.8mm revolutum wide also also resembles resembles the the white white E. oreganum E. oreganum, and, and the the  E.two revolutumtwo may may hybridize also hybridize resembles at the at the far the farreaches white reaches E.of oreganum their of their range. range., and the  E.two revolutum may hybridize also atresembles the far reaches the white of their E. oreganum range. , and the   E. revolutumE. revolutum is often is often confused confused with Scoliopuswith Scoliopus bigelovii bigelovii (slink (slink two may hybridize at the far reaches of their range.  E.pod) revolutumpod) in its in vegetativeits is oftenvegetative confused form, form, as with theyas Scoliopusthey both both have bigelovii have paired paired (slink basal basal  E.pod) leavesrevolutum leavesin its and vegetative and grow is growoften in similar inform, confusedsimilar habitatsas theyhabitats with both(often Scoliopus (often have together). pairedtogether). bigelovii S.basal bi- S. (slink bi- pod)leavesgellovii gelloviiin and its has vegetativegrow has dark darkin purple similar purple form, spots habitats spots asand they and (oftennumerous numerousboth together). have parallel parallel paired S. veins,bi- veins,basal leavesgelloviiwhilewhile and E.has revolutum E. darkgrow revolutum purple in similarhas spotshas light lighthabitats -andcolored- colorednumerous (oftenwavy wavy bandsparallel together). bands and veins, and fewer S. fewer bi- gelloviiwhileparallelparallel E. hasrevolutum veins darkveins (see purple (see has photo) lightphoto) spots -colored and numerouswavy bands parallel and fewer veins, parallel veins (see photo) while E. revolutum has light-colored wavy bands and fewer Notes:Notes: Notes: Notes: Although Although Erythronium Erythronium sp. spcommonly. commonly occupy occupy open open areas, areas, ©2004 ©2004 Dean Dean Wm. Wm. Taylor Taylor Notes: Notes:E. revolutumparallelE. revolutumAlthough veins has Erythroniumhas been(see been observedphoto) observed sp .in commonly roadcuts in roadcuts andoccupy and roadbanks, roadbanks, open areas, care care ©2004 Dean Wm. Taylor E.should revolutumshould be takenbe has taken been to avoid to observed avoid compacting compacting in roadcuts or disturbing orand disturbing roadbanks, soil soilaround carearound Notes: Notes: Although Erythronium sp. commonly occupy open areas, ©2004 Dean Wm. Taylor shouldthesethese beoccurrences. taken occurrences. to avoid Most Mostcompacting lily lilyspecies species areor disturbing aredependent dependent soil upon around upon carbo- carbo- E. revolutum has been observed in roadcuts and roadbanks, care SidalceaSidalcea malviflora malviflora ssp. ssp. patula patula thesehydratehydrate occurrences. storage storage from Most from their lily their undergroundspecies underground are dependent bulbs bulbs and and uponwill will perish carbo- perish if if Sidalcea malviflora ssp. patula shouldhydrate be storage taken from to avoid their compactingunderground bulbsor disturbing and will perishsoil around if thethe bulb bulb is destroyed. is destroyed. These These species species appear appear to be to sensitivebe sensitive to to SiskiyouSiskiyou Checkerbloom Checkerbloom thesethechanges bulbchanges occurrences. is in destroyed. light in light and Mostand hydrology These hydrology lily species species as well as appear well areand anddependent doto benotdo sensitivenot likely likely upon compete competeto carbo- SiskiyouSidalcea Checkerbloom malviflora ssp. patula hydratechangeswellwell with storagein with lightfaster faster and from growing hydrologygrowing their weedy underground weedy as species.well species. and do bulbs not likelyand willcompete perish if well with faster growing weedy species. 43 43 the bulb is destroyed. These species appear to be sensitive to Siskiyou Checkerbloom changes in light and1212 hydrology 12 as well and do not likely compete 29 29 well with faster growing12 weedy species. 29

12 29 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARERARERARE AND AND ENDANGEREDAND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANT PLANT PLANT GUIDE GUIDE GUIDE FOR FOR TIMBER FOR TIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN IN COASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE RARE AND AND ENDANGEREDAND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLA PLANT PLA GUIDENTNT GUIDE GUIDE FOR FOR TIMBER FOR TIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN IN COASTAL COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY COUNTY Field Field FieldGuide Guide Guide Field Field FieldGuide Guide Guide

RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Scientific Scientific Scientific Name Name Name Sidalcea Sidalcea Sidalcea Fieldmalviflora malviflora Guidemalviflora ssp. ssp. ssp.patula patula patula Field Guide CommonCommonCommon Name Name Name SiskiyouSiskiyouSiskiyou checkerbloom checkerbloom checkerbloom FamilyFamilyFamily MalvaceaeMalvaceaeMalvaceae ScientificCNPSCNPSCNPS Rank Name Rank Rank Sidalcea1B.2 1B.2malviflora1B.2 ssp. patula CommonStateState StateName Status/Rank Status/Rank Status/Rank Siskiyou S.2 checkerbloom S.2S.2 Family Malvaceae DistributionDistributionDistribution DelDel NorteDel Norte Norte (DNT), (DNT), (DNT), Humboldt Humboldt Humboldt (HUM), (HUM), (HUM), Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino (MEN) (MEN) (MEN) CNPS Rank 1B.2 StateHabitat Status/RankHabitatHabitat S.2 OpenOpenOpen NCCF, NCCF, NCCF, coastal coastal coastal prairie, prairie, prairie, and and coastaland coastal coastal bluff bluff bluff scrub scrub scrub below below below 2300 2300 2300 feet. Distribution Del Nortefeet. feet.(DNT), Humboldt (HUM), Mendocino (MEN) KeyKey FeaturesKey Features Features PerennialPerennialPerennial herb herb herb with with with long long longtrailing trailing trailing rhizomes. rhizomes. rhizomes. Leaves Leaves Leaves rounded, rounded, rounded, Habitat Open NCCF, coastal prairie, and coastal bluff scrub below 2300 scalloped,scalloped,scalloped, and and coarselyand coarsely coarsely bristly, bristly, bristly, more more more or lessor or less evenlyless evenly evenly distributed distributed distributed feet. alongalongalong stem. stem. stem. Inflorescence Inflorescence Inflorescence dense, dense, dense, rose rose- pink,rose-pink,-pink, 5-petaled. 5 -5petaled.-petaled. Flowers Flowers Flowers PhotosPhotosPhotos © Tamara© © Tamara Tamara Camper Camper Camper Key Features Perennialhibiscushibiscus herbhibiscus-like, with-like,- like,generally long generally generally trailing stiffly stifflyrhizomes. stiffly erect; erect; Leaveserect; calyx calyx calyx rounded,with with with both both both fine fine stellatefine stellate stellate scalloped,andand longandand long longcoarselyforked forked forked hairs. bristly, hairs. hairs. more or less evenly distributed FloweringFloweringFlowering Time Time Time along Maystem.MayMay – InflorescenceAugust – –August August dense, rose-pink, 5-petaled. Flowers Photos © Tamara Camper hibiscus-like, generally stiffly erect; calyx with both fine stellate IdentificationIdentificationIdentification Time Time Time BloomingBloomingBlooming period period period and long forked hairs. FloweringDiagnosticDiagnosticDiagnostic Time Features Features Features May –Trailing AugustTrailingTrailing rhizomes; rhizomes; rhizomes; leaves leaves leaves rounded rounded rounded and and scalloped;and scalloped; scalloped; dense dense dense inflo- inflo- inflo- rescence; stem and calyx with stellate hairs; fruit segments net- Identification Time Bloomingrescence; rescence;period stem stem and and calyx calyx with with stellate stellate hairs; hairs; fruit fruit segments segments net net- - veined.veined.veined. Diagnostic Features Trailing rhizomes; leaves rounded and scalloped; dense inflo- SimilarSimilarSimilar Species Species Species rescence;  stem Sidalcea Sidalcea Sidalceaand malvifloracalyx malviflora malviflora with stellate (checkerbloom), (checkerbloom), (checkerbloom), hairs; fruit but segments but racemebut raceme raceme netof flowersof- of flowers flowers veined. is notisis not asnot elongateas as elongate elongate as Siskiyouas as Siskiyou Siskiyou checkerbloom. checkerbloom. checkerbloom.

Similar Species  SidalceaNotes: Notes: Notes: Textmalviflora Text Text taken taken taken (checkerbloom), from from from the the “Illustratedthe “Illustrated “Illustrated but raceme Field Field Field Guideof flowersGuide Guide to Selectedto to Selected Selected isRare notRareRare Plantsas elongatePlants Plants of Northernof of asNorthern Northern Siskiyou California”. California”. checkerbloom. California”. 2001, 2001, 2001, UC UCPublication UC Publication Publication 3395 3395 3395 Notes: Text taken from the “Illustrated Field Guide to Selected Rare Plants of Northern California”. 2001, UC Publication 3395

ErythroniumErythroniumErythronium revolutum revolutum revolutum

Coast fawn lily Erythronium revolutumCoastCoast fawn fawn lily lily 43 43 Coast fawn lily 28 2828 1313 1313

28 13 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide

RARERARE ANDANDRARE ENDANGEREDENDANGERED AND ENDANGERED PLANTPLANT GUIDEPLANTGUIDE FOR FORGUIDE TIMBERTIMBER FOR TIMBER HARVESTHARVEST HARVEST PLANSPLANS ININPLANS COASTALCOASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINOMENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTYCOUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE AND AND RARE ENDANGEREDENDANGERED AND ENDANGERED PLAPLANTNT GUIDEPLAGUIDENT FORFORGUIDE TIMBERTIMBER FOR TIMBER HARVESTHARVEST HARVEST PLANSPLANS ININPLANS COASTALCOASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINOMENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTYCOUNTY COUNTY Scientific Name Kopsiopsis hookeri FieldField Guide Guide (formallyField Guide Boschniakia hookeri) FieldField Guide Guide Field Guide Common Names Small groundcone Family Orobanchaceae CNPSScientificScientific ListScientific NameName Name KopsiopsisKopsiopsis2B.3 Kopsiopsis hookerihookeri hookeri (formally(formally (formally BoschniakiaBoschniakia Boschniakia hookeri)hookeri) hookeri) StateCommonCommon Status/RankCommon NamesNames Names SmallSmallNone/S1S2 groundconegroundconeSmall groundcone Family Orobanchaceae DistributionFamilyFamily OrobanchaceaeDel NorteOrobanchaceae (DNT), Humboldt (HUM), Mendocino (MEN), Marin CNPSCNPS ListListCNPS List 2B.32B.3 2B.3 StateState Status/RankStatus/RankState Status/Rank None/S1S2(MRN), None/S1S2 Oregon (OR), Washington (WA) HabitatDistribution Distribution DelParasitic NorteDel Norte(DNT), plant (DNT), Humboldt usually Humboldt growing (HUM), (HUM), Mendocino with MendocinoSalal (MEN),(Gaultheria (MEN), Marin shallon Marin ) or (MRN),(MRN),other(MRN), members OregonOregon Oregon (OR),(OR), of Washington WashingtonOrobanchaceae.(OR), Washington (WA)(WA) (WA) 90- 885 mm. KeyHabitat FeaturesHabitat ParasiticParasiticYellowParasitic to plantplant red usuallyorusuallyplant purple usually growinggrowing herb growing with withto 12Salal Salalwith cm (Gaultheria( Salal tall (Gaultheriafrom shallon a thickened shallon)) oror ) or tuber - otherotherlike underground membersothermembers members ofof Orobanchaceae.Orobanchaceae. stem. of Orobanchaceae. Plant resembles 9090--885885 90 mm.mm.-885 a fir mm. cone growing direct- KeyKey FeaturesFeaturesKey Features YellowYellowly outYellow totoof redredthe to oror ground. red purplepurple or purple herbherb Flowers toto herb 1212 are cmcmto 12 talltallyellow cm fromfrom tall to aa from thickened thickenedpurple a thickened with tubertuber petals- -tuber - likelike undergroundundergroundlike underground stem.stem. Plantstem.Plant resembles resemblesPlant resembles aa firfir cone conea fir growinggrowingcone growing direct-direct- direct- formed into 2 unequal lips to 1.5 cm long in a dense spike. Each lyly outout oflyof out thethe ofground.ground. the ground. FlowersFlowers Flowers areare yellowyellow are yellow toto purplepurple to purple withwith petalspetals with petals formedformedflowerformed intointo has 22 intounequalaunequal bract 2 unequal lipsunderlips toto lips 1.5it.1.5 toFruitcmcm 1.5 longlong arecm inin long 1.5 aa densedense cmin a long densespike.spike. capsules spike.EachEach Each with flowerflowernumerousflower hashas aaseeds. bractbracthas a under underbract it.it.under FruitFruit it. areareFruit 1.51.5 are cmcm 1.5longlong cm capsulescapsules long capsules withwith with Flowering Time numerousnumerousApril-numerousAugust seeds.seeds. seeds. IdentificationFloweringFloweringFlowering TimeTime TimeTime AprilApril--August-AprilAugust-August (cones are visible later, but color can only be deter- IdentificationIdentificationIdentification TimeTime AprilminedTime --AugustApril during-August (cones blooming) (cones are visible are visiblelater, butlater, color but can color only can be only deter- be deter- Photos © Tamara Camper mined during blooming) mined Inflorescensmined during during blooming) blooming) is < 3cm in diameter PhotosPhotosPhotos ©© TamaraTamara © Tamara CamperCamper Camper  InflorescensInflorescens Inflorescens isis << 3cm3cm is inin< 3cmdiameterdiameter in diameter  Largest bracts are acute and < 10mm at widest point  LargestLargest Largest bractsbracts bracts areare acuteacute are andacuteand << 10mmand10mm < 10mm atat widestwidest at widest pointpoint point  CorollaCorollaCorolla Corolla isis 10is10 -10-15mm15mm is- 15mm10-15mm  PurplishPurplishPurplish Purplish toto to palepale pale to yellowyellow pale yellow yellow SimilarSimilarSimilar speciesSimilar speciesspecies species  OftenOften Oftengrowing growing growing with KopsisopsisKopsisopsiswith with Kopsisopsis Kopsisopsis strobilaceastrobilacea strobilacea strobilacea (California(California (California (California groundgroundgroundground--cone)cone)-cone)- whichcone)which which whichparasitizesparasitizes parasitizes parasitizes Arctostaphylos Arctostaphylos Arctostaphylos sp. andand sp. Arbu-sp. and and Arbu- Arbu- tus sp. . tustus sp. sp.tus andand and sp. hashas and has largerlarger has larger largerinflorescences,inflorescences, inflorescences, inflorescences, bractsbracts bractsbractsandand corrollascorrollas andand corrollas .corrollas . .  KopsiopsisKopsiopsis Kopsiopsis strobilaceastrobilacea strobilacea isis oftenoften is oftendarkerdarker darkerreddishreddish reddish brownbrown browntoto pur-pur- to pur-  plish.plish.Kopsiopsis plish.BractsBracts Bracts ofofstrobilacea K.K. strobilaceastrobilacea of K. strobilacea is often areare obtuseobtuse aredarker obtuse andand reddish bractsbracts and bracts ofof brownK.K. of K.to pur- hookerihookeriplish.hookeri areareBracts acute.acute. are of acute. K. strobilacea are obtuse and bracts of K. hookeri are acute. Notes: Notes: LittleLittle isLittleis knownknown is known aboutabout thisaboutthis speciesspecies this species andand itsits and tolerancetolerance its tolerance ofof of disturbance.disturbance.Notes:disturbance. Little DueDue is to to knownDue thethe to factfact theabout thatthat fact itit thatthis isis parasitic,parasitic, itspecies is parasitic, groundgroundand itsground disturb-disturb- tolerance disturb- of anceancedisturbance. andandance thethe and removalremoval theDue removal to ofof the associatedassociated offact associated that speciesspecies it is species parasitic,shouldshould should bebe avoided.avoided. ground be avoided. disturb- ParasiticParasiticParasitic plantsplants plantsareare oftenoften are oftendependentdependent dependent uponupon fungalfungalupon fungalassociates,associates, associates, ance and the removal of associated species should be avoided. many ofmany which of whichare sensitive are sensitive to changes to changes in light in and light moistureand moisture re- re- gimes.gimes.Parasiticgimes. RetainRetain plants Retain plantsplants are plants withwith often atat with leastleast dependentat aa least 50'50' STZSTZ a 50' andand uponSTZ minimizeminimize and fungal minimize changeschanges associates, changes totomany lightlightto ofandand light which moisture.moisture. and aremoisture. sensitive UseUse directionaldirectional Use directionalto changes fallingfalling falling awayawayin light fromfromaway and the thefrom sitesitemoisture the site re- andandgimes. dodoand notnot Retain do harvestharvest not plants harvest treestrees with within withintrees at within thethe least bufferbuffer the a 50' buffer zonezone STZ unlessunless zoneand minimizeunlesstherethere isisthere aa changes is a chancechanceto lightchance thethe and areaarea themoisture. maymay area bebe may threatenedthreatened Use be threateneddirectional byby canopycanopy by fallingcanopy closure,closure, awayclosure, inin whichwhich from in which the site casecaseand removeremovedocase not remove onlyonlyharvest enoughenough only trees enough treestrees within to totrees ensureensure the to ensure buffer adequateadequate adequate zone light.light. unless Main-light.Main- thereMain- is a tain the buffer throughout site preparation activities and do not SidalceaSidalcea malachroides malachroides tainchance thetain bufferthe the area buffer throughout may throughout be sitethreatened preparation site preparation by canopyactivities activities closure, and do andin not which do not burnburn ororburn treattreat or the thetreat areaarea the withwith area herbicides.herbicides. with herbicides. case remove only enough trees to ensure adequate light. Main- Maple-leaved Checkerbloom MapleMaple-leaved-leaved Checkerbloom43 Checkerbloom 43 tain the buffer throughout site preparation activities and do not Sidalcea malachroides burn or treat the area with herbicides. 1414 14 Maple27 2727-leaved Checkerbloom

14 27 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Scientific Name Sidalcea malachroides Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide CommonRARERARE AND AND NamesENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANT PLANT GUIDEMaple GUIDE FOR- leavedFORTIMBER TIMBER HARVEST checkerbloom HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLA NTPLA GUIDENT GUIDE FOR FORTIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY Field Field Guide Guide Field Field Guide Guide Family Malvaceae CNPS List 4.2 StateScientific ScientificStatus/Rank Name Name SidalceaNone/S3Sidalcea malachroides malachroides DistributionCommonCommon Names Names MapleDelMaple Norte-leaved-leaved (DNT), checkerbloom checkerbloom Humboldt (HUM), Mendocino (MEN), Monte- FamilyFamily MalvaceaereyMalvaceae (MNT), Santa Clara (SCL), Santa Cruz (SCR), Sonoma (SON), CNPSCNPS List List 4.2Oregon 4.2 (OR) State Status/Rank None/S3 HabitatState Status/Rank Woodland,None/S3 clearings near coast; Elevation: < 700 m. DistributionDistribution Del DelNorte Norte (DNT), (DNT), Humboldt Humboldt (HUM), (HUM), Mendocino Mendocino (MEN), (MEN), Monte- Monte- Key Features reyThe rey(MNT), maple (MNT), Santa-leaved Santa Clara Clara checkerbloom (SCL), (SCL), Santa Santa Cruz Cruzis (SCR), a perennial (SCR), Sonoma Sonoma herb (SON), (SON), that may OregongrowOregon to (OR) be (OR) a shrub. Stems are woody, branched, coarsely hairy HabitatHabitat Woodland,andWoodland, may beclearings 1.5clearings meters near near coast; high. coast; Elevation: Leaves Elevation: are < 700 also< 700m. hairy m. and similar in KeyKey Features Features TheshapeThe maple mapleto- leaveda small-leaved checkerbloom maple checkerbloom leaf. isThe a isperennial inflorescencea perennial herb herb that is that maya densemay spike growwithgrow to numerous be to abe shrub. a shrub. flowers. Stems Stems are areEachwoody, woody, flower branched, branched, has coarselya purplecoarsely hairy five hairy lobed andcalyxand may that may be 1.5isbe fused 1.5meters meters at high. the high. Leavesbase. Leaves Theare arealso five also hairy petals hairy and and similarare similarwhite in into pur- shape to a small maple leaf. The inflorescence is a dense spike plishshape tinged. to a small The maple stamens leaf. Theare inflorescencenumerous and is fuseda dense into spike two withwith numerous numerous flowers. flowers. Each Each flower flower has ahas purple a purple five five lobed lobed whorls around the multiple pistils. The fruit breaks into seg- calyxcalyx that that is fused is fused at the at thebase. base. The The five five petals petals are arewhite white to pur-to pur- plishmentsplish tinged. eachtinged. The vaguely Thestamens stamens resembling are arenumerous numerous a piece and andfused of fusedpie. into into two two Flowering Time whorlsMaywhorls- Augustaround around the themultiple multiple pistils. pistils. The fruitThe fruit breaks breaks into into seg- seg- Identification Time mentsMayments- eachAugust each vaguely vaguely resembling resembling a piece a piece of pie. of pie. DiagnosticFloweringFlowering TimeFeatures Time MayPerennialMay-August-August herb, subshrub from woody caudex, harsh-bristly, IdentificationIdentification Time Time MaystellateMay-August-August-hairy. DiagnosticDiagnostic Features Features PerennialPerennial herb, herb, subshrub subshrub from from woody woody caudex, caudex, harsh harsh-bristly,-bristly, Similar species stellate stellateMaple-hairy.-hairy. - leaved checkerbloom leaves resemble Rubus parvi- SimilarSimilar species species   MapleflorusMaple-leaved (thimbleberry)-leaved checkerbloom checkerbloom leaves, leaves leaves however resemble resemble theRubus Rubusthimbleberry parvi- parvi- florusleavesflorus (thimbleberry) are(thimbleberry) generally leaves, largerleaves, however andhowever more the thethimbleberry deeply thimbleberry lobed. The leaveshairsleaves are of aregenerallythimbleberry generally larger larger leavesand and more aremore deeply simple deeply lobed. and lobed. The the The hairs of hairsmaplehairs of thimbleberry -ofleaved thimbleberry checkerbloom leaves leaves are aresimple are simple stellate,and and the thehairs meaning hairs of of multiple maplehairsmaple-leaved originate-leaved checkerbloom checkerbloom from one are point arestellate, stellate,of origin. meaning meaning multiple multiple hairshairs originate originate from from one one point point of origin. of origin.  Small Ribes sanguineum var. glutinosum (pink flowering   SmallSmall Ribes Ribes sanguineum sanguineum var. var. glutinosum glutinosum (pink (pink flowering flowering current)current)current) plants plants plants may maymay look look looklike likemaple like maple maple-leaved-leaved- leavedcheckerbloom. checkerbloom. checkerbloom. RibesRibesRibes sp .sp tendsp.. tendtend to have toto havehave a woody a awoody woody or thick or thickor stem thick stem in stemearly in early devel-in earlydevel- devel- opmentopmentopment and and and Sidalcea Sidalcea sp. aresp. sp. arelarger are larger largerbefore before beforethey they become they become become woody.woody.woody. Ribes Ribes Ribes sp. leavessp. leavesleaves also also have also have simplehave simple simplehairs hairs if hairy.hairs if hairy. if hairy. © Vernon© Vernon Smith Smith © Vernon Smith Notes: Maple-leaved checkerbloom may tolerate or benefit NotesNotes: :Maple Maple--leavedleaved checkerbloom checkerbloom may may tolerate tolerate or benefit or benefit fromfrom some some disturbance. disturbance. Although Although the thespecies species appears appears to in- to in- creasefromcrease insome abundance in abundance disturbance. after after timber Although timber harvesting harvestingthe species and androad appears road mainte- mainte- to in- nance,creasenance, the in thespecies abundance species is pollen is pollenafter limited limitedtimber and and may harvesting may be outcompetedbe outcompeted and road mainte- bynance, eitherby either thenative nativespecies or invasive or isinvasive pollen pioneer pioneerlimited species. species. and Care may Care mustbe mustoutcompetedbe takenbe taken KopsiopsisKopsiopsis hookeri hookeri to maintain an intact, undisturbed population for future seed byto either maintain native an intact, or invasive undisturbed pioneer population species. for Carefuture must seed be taken Kopsiopsis hookeri productionto productionmaintain and an anddispersal intact, dispersal undisturbed population for future seed SmallSmall Groundcone Groundcone 43 43 production and dispersal Small Groundcone 2626 26 15 1515 26 15 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

ScientificRARE AND ENDANGEREDName PLANTLilium GUIDE maritimum FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide CommonRARE AND NamesENDANGERED PLANTCoast GUIDE lilyFOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARERARE AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLANT PLANT GUIDE GUIDE FOR FORTIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE AND AND ENDANGERED ENDANGERED PLA NTPLA GUIDENT GUIDE FOR FORTIMBER TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY Family Liliaceae Field Guide Field Guide Field Field Guide Guide Field Field Guide Guide CNPS List 1B.1 State Status/Rank None/S2 Scientific Name Lilium maritimum DistributionScientificScientific Name Name MendocinoLiliumLilium maritimum maritimum (MEN), Marin (MRN), San Francisco (SFO), San Mateo Common Names Coast lily CommonCommon Names Names (SMT),CoastCoast lily Sonoma lily (SON) Family Liliaceae HabitatFamily Family ReportedLiliaceaeLiliaceae in broadleaved upland forest, closed cone coniferous CNPS List 1B.1 CNPSCNPS List List 1B.11B.1 State Status/Rank None/S2forest, coastal prairie, coastal scrub, marshes and swamps as well StateState Status/Rank Status/Rank None/S2None/S2 Distribution Mendocinoas in NCCF. (MEN), Often Marin found (MRN), in evenSan Francisco the most (SFO), stunted San Mateo Pygmy forest as DistributionDistribution MendocinoMendocino (MEN), (MEN), Marin Marin (MRN), (MRN), San San Francisco Francisco (SFO), (SFO), San San Mateo Mateo (SMT),well as Sonoma openings (SON) in transitional Bishop Pine forest. One occurrence (SMT),(SMT), Sonoma Sonoma (SON) (SON) Habitat Reportedis located in broadleavedalong the 60 upland KV Pacific forest, closedGas and cone Electricity coniferous power line HabitatHabitat ReportedReported in broadleaved in broadleaved upland upland forest, forest, closed closed cone cone coniferous coniferous forest, coastal prairie, coastal scrub, marshes and swamps as well rightforest,forest, of coastal way, coastal south prairie, prairie, of coastal Fort coastal Bragg,scrub, scrub, marshes particularly marshes and and swamps in swamps the as area well as well north of as in NCCF. Often found in even the most stunted Pygmy forest as Russianas inas NCCF. in GulchNCCF. Often OftenState found foundPark in evenheadquarters.in even the themost most stunted stunted Pygmy Pygmy forest forest as as well as openings in transitional Bishop Pine forest. One occurrence Key Features Perennialwellwell as openings as that openings grows in transitional in transitional from a scalyBishop Bishop subterranean Pine Pine forest. forest. One bulb. Oneoccurrence occurrence Stem is erect is located along the 60 KV Pacific Gas and Electricity power line © Gordon McBride andis located ismore located alongthan along the1-2 the60 m KV 60tall. PacificKV Leaf Pacific arrangementGas Gasand andElectricity Electricity is variablepower power line butline gener- right of way, south of Fort Bragg, particularly in the area north of rightright of way, of way, south south of Fort of Fort Bragg, Bragg, particularly particularly in the in thearea area north north of of Russianally whorled Gulch State around Park stem.headquarters. Leaves are 3 to 18 cm long and more or RussianRussian Gulch Gulch State State Park Park headquarters. headquarters. Key Features Perennialless oblanceolate. that grows from Margins a scaly are subterranean not wavy. bulb. One Stem to many is erect terminal, KeyKey Features Features PerennialPerennial that that grows grows from from a scaly a scaly subterranean subterranean bulb. bulb. Stem Stem is erect is erect © Gordon McBride and more than 1-2 m tall. Leaf arrangement is variable but gener- © Gordon© Gordon McBride McBride noddingandand more more flowers than than 1-2 1mon-2 tall. ma stem.tall. Leaf Leaf arrangement The arrangement perianth is variable ismay variable be but 3 butgener-to gener-5 cm long ally whorled around stem. Leaves are 3 to 18 cm long and more or withally ally whorledstrongly whorled around recurved around stem. stem. lobes. Leaves Leaves The are are 3color to 3 18 to is cm18 red cmlong tolong and red and more orange more or or with less oblanceolate. Margins are not wavy. One to many terminal, darkerlessless oblanceolate. spots. oblanceolate. There Margins Marginsare six are stamens arenot notwavy. wavy. andOne One oneto many to style. many terminal, Fruitterminal, is a cap- nodding flowers on a stem. The perianth may be 3 to 5 cm long noddingnodding flowers flowers on aon stem. a stem. The Theperianth perianth may maybe 3be to 3 5to cm 5 longcm long withsule strongly 2 to 4 cmrecurved long lobes.with manyThe color seeds. is red to red orange with withwith strongly strongly recurved recurved lobes. lobes. The The color color is red is redto red to redorange orange with with Flowering Time darkerMay- Julyspots. There are six stamens and one style. Fruit is a cap- darkerdarker spots. spots. There There are aresix stamenssix stamens and and one one style. style. Fruit Fruit is a iscap- a cap- sule 2 to 4 cm long with many seeds. Identification Time Maysulesule- 2July to 2 4 to cm 4 cmlong long with with many many seeds. seeds. Flowering Time May-July DiagnosticFloweringFlowering Features Time Time May MayFlowers-July-July are distinctly nodding. Identification Time May-July IdentificationIdentification Time Time May May-July-July Diagnostic Features  FlowersLeaf margins are distinctly are notnodding. wavy DiagnosticDiagnostic Features Features  Flowers Flowers are aredistinctly distinctly nodding. nodding.  LeafPerianth margins is are red not on wavy both surfaces (bases green) with strongly  Leaf Leaf margins margins are arenot notwavy wavy  Perianth recurved is red tips on both surfaces (bases green) with strongly  Perianth Perianth is red is redon bothon both surfaces surfaces (bases (bases green) green) with with strongly strongly Similar species  recurved tips Liliumrecurved recurved pardalinium tips tips ssp. pardalinium (leopard lily) is similar Similar species  Lilium pardalinium ssp. pardalinium (leopard lily) is similar SimilarSimilar species species  however LiliumLilium pardalinium pardaliniumthe flower ssp. ssp. pardaliniumis generallypardalinium (leopard pale (leopard magentalily) lily)is similar is tosimilar yellow, as however the flower is generally pale magenta to yellow, as opposedhoweverhowever the to theflowerthe flower blood is generally is red generally of thepale paleCoastmagenta magenta lily. to yellow,to yellow, as as opposed to the blood red of the Coast lily.  opposedopposed to the to theblood blood red redof the of theCoast Coast lily. lily.  LiliumLilium rubescens rubescens (redwood (redwood lily) also lily) occurs also locally occurs but locally gener- but gener-   LiliumLilium rubescens rubescens (redwood (redwood lily) lily)also also occurs occurs locally locally but butgener- gener- allyally grows grows in more in more upland upland sites in sites open in conifer open forests. conifer The forests. The ally allygrows grows in more in more upland upland sites sites in open in open conifer conifer forests. forests. The The redwoodredwood lily lilyhas hasleaves leaves in distinct in distinct whorls andwhorls its flowers and its are flowers are redwoodredwood lily haslily hasleaves leaves in distinct in distinct whorls whorls and andits itsflowers flowers are are erect as opposed to nodding. Redwood lily flowers are pink erecterecterect asas opposed asopposed opposed to tonodding. to nodding.nodding. Redwood Redwood Redwood lily flowerslily lilyflowers flowers are arepink pinkare pink to white inside, but may be reddish on the outside. © M. Hassler toto whiteto white inside, inside, inside, but but butmay may may be reddishbebe reddish reddish on theon on theoutside. the outside. outside. © M.© HasslerM. Hassler© M. Hassler Notes: As with Erythronium sp., Lilium sp. are most likely sensi- Notes Notes: As: withAs with Erythronium Erythronium Erythronium sp., sp., Lilium Lilium Lilium sp. sp.are sp. aremost most likely likely sensi- sensi- tiveNotes to :changes As with in hydrology and light. L. maritimumare will mostmost likely sensi- tivetive to changesto changes in hydrologyin hydrology and andlight. light. L. maritimum L. maritimum will willmost most Sanquisorba officinalis likelytive be to within changes areas in that hydrology are already and protected light. L. bymaritimum the Forest will most SanquisorbaSanquisorba officinalis officinalis likelylikely be withinbe within areas areas that that are arealready already protected protected by the by theForest Forest Sanquisorba officinalis Practicelikely be Rules, within however areas they that should are already be avoided protected and buffered by the if Forest PracticePractice Rules, Rules, however however they they should should be avoidedbe avoided and andbuffered buffered if if Great Burnet locatedPractice in an Rules, area proposed however for they operations. should be avoided and buffered if GreatGreat Burnet Burnet locatedlocated in an in areaan area proposed proposed for operations.for operations. 43 Great Burnet 43 located in an area proposed for operations. 16 25 16 16 16 25 25 16 25 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

Scientific Name Sanguisorba officinalis Common Names Great burnet, official burnet Family Rosaceae CNPSRARE List AND ENDANGERED PLANT2B.2 GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER Field Guide HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLA NT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST Field GuideField PLANS Guide IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide StateRARE ANDStatus/Rank ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT None/S2.2 GUIDE FOR TIMBER Field HARVEST Guide PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLA NT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST Field PLANS Guide IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide Distribution Del Norte (DNT), Field Humboldt Guide (HUM), Mendocino (MEN), Oregon Field Guide (OR), Washington (WA) Scientific Name Sanguisorba officinalis Scientific Name Sanguisorba officinalis HabitatScientificCommon Names Name SanguisorbaGreat burnet, officinalis official burnet Common Names Great burnet, official burnet Key FeaturesFamily PerennialRosaceae that grows from a thick, creeping rhizome. Stem is erect FamilyCommon Names RosaceaeGreat burnet, official burnet FamilyCNPS List Rosaceae2B.2 CNPS List 2B.2and may be from 50 to 140 cm long. Compound leaves are clus- CNPSState List Status/Rank 2B.2None/S2.2 State Status/Rank None/S2.2tered at the base of the stem and may be 20 to 50 cm long, having StateDistribution Status/Rank None/S2.2Del Norte (DNT), Humboldt (HUM), Mendocino (MEN), Oregon Distribution Delone Norte terminal (DNT), Humboldt leaflet (HUM), and three Mendocino to six (MEN), leaflets Oregon per side. Leaflets are (OR), Washington (WA) Distribution (OR),2.5Del Washington to Norte 5 cm (DNT), long (WA) Humboldt and have (HUM), serrate Mendocino (toothed) (MEN), margins. Oregon Inflo- Habitat (OR), Washington (WA) Habitat Key Features rescencePerennial is that a spike grows containing from a thick, aroundcreeping rhizome.20 densely Stem packed is erect flowers. © Bob Rutemoeller Key FeaturesHabitat Perennial that grows from a thick, creeping rhizome. Stem is erect and may be from 50 to 140 cm long. Compound leaves are clus- Key Features andEach mayPerennial beflower from that 50 growshas to 1404 fromstamens, cm long.a thick, Compound no creeping petals leavesrhizome. and arethe Stem clus- stamens is erect and pistils tered at the base of the stem and may be 20 to 50 cm long, having teredareand at variable the may base be from ofin the number. 50 stem to 140 and Overallcm may long. be Compound20appearance to 50 cm leaves long, of havingarethe clus- inflorescence is one terminal leaflet and three to six leaflets per side. Leaflets are onea terminal tereddense at purpleleafletthe base andstructure. of thethree stem to sixandEach leaflets may flower be per20 side.to bears 50 cmLeaflets along, number havingare of achenes 2.5 to 5 cm long and have serrate (toothed) margins. Inflo- 2.5 toone 5 cm terminal long and leaflet have serrateand three (toothed) to six leaflets margins. per Inflo- side. Leaflets are as rescencefruit. is a spike containing around 20 densely packed flowers. © Bob Rutemoeller rescence2.5 to is 5a cmspike long containing and have around serrate 20 (toothed) densely margins.packed flowers. Inflo- © Bob Rutemoeller Flowering Time JulyEach-October flower has 4 stamens, no petals and the stamens and pistils Each rescenceflower has is a4 spikestamens, containing no petals around and the20 denselystamens packed and pistils flowers. © Bob Rutemoeller are variable in number. Overall appearance of the inflorescence is Identification Time areJuly variableEach-October flower in number. has 4 Overallstamens, appearance no petals andof the the inflorescence stamens and ispistils a dense purple structure. Each flower bears a number of achenes Diagnostic Features a denseare purplevariable structure. in number. Each Overall flower appearance bears a number of the inflorescenceof achenes is  as fruit.Pinnately compound leaves with 3-6 leaflets per side as fruit.a dense purple structure. Each flower bears a number of achenes Flowering Time July-October Flowering Time July-Octoberas fruit.Plant is not hairy or glandular Identification Time July-October IdentificationFlowering Time Time July-OctoberJuly -LeafletsOctober are shallowly toothed IdentificationDiagnostic Features Time July -OctoberPinnately compound leaves with 3-6 leaflets per side Diagnostic Features  Pinnately compound leaves with 3-6 leaflets per side Diagnostic Features   InflorescensPinnatelyPlant is not compound hairy is ora glandularpurplishleaves with spike 3-6 leaflets with 2-per4 stamens side per flower  Plant is not hairy or glandular Similar species   PoteriumPlantLeaflets is not are sanuisorba,hairy shallowly or glandular toothed formerly Sanguisorba minor ssp. muri-  Leaflets are shallowly toothed  cataLeafletsInflorescens (garden are shallowly is burnet)a purplish toothed also spike grows with 2-4 in stamens the area. per flower The leaves of  Inflorescens is a purplish spike with 2-4 stamens per flower Similar species  InflorescensPoterium sanuisorba, is a purplish formerly spike Sanguisorbawith 2-4 stamens minor per ssp. flower muri- Similar species  Poteriumgarden sanuisorba, burnet formerly are small Sanguisorba and the minor leaflet ssp. is muri- only 5-20 mm vs. Similar species  cata (garden burnet) also grows in the area. The leaves of cata25 Poterium(garden-50 mm burnet) sanuisorba, in the also great grows formerly burnetin the Sanguisorba area. leaflet The minorleaves stalks ssp.of muri-on the garden garden burnet are small and the leaflet is only 5-20 mm vs. gardenburnetcata burnet (garden are are also burnet)small smaller and also the grows leaflet(1-4 in mm) theis only area. and 5-20 The the mm leaves teethvs. of of the leaflets 25-50 mm in the great burnet leaflet stalks on the garden 25-50garden mm in burnet the great are burnet small and leaflet the leaflet stalks ison theonly garden5-20 mm vs. areburnet fewer are (<15).also smaller Garden (1-4 mm) burnet and the tends teeth to of occupy the leaflets more open, burnet25 are-50 alsomm smallerin the great (1-4 burnetmm) and leaflet the teeth stalks of onthe the leaflets garden are fewer (<15). Garden burnet tends to occupy more open, are fewerdisturbedburnet (<15). are also sites,Garden smaller especially burnet (1-4 tends mm) moist andto occupy the roadsides. teeth more of open,the If leaflets flowers are disturbed sites, especially moist roadsides. If flowers are disturbedpresent,are fewer sites, the(<15). especially filaments Garden moist burnet roadsides.of the tends garden Ifto flowers occupy burnet moreare open,are threadlike present, the filaments of the garden burnet are threadlike present,anddisturbed theit has filaments sites, numerous especially of the stamens.garden moist roadsides.burnet are Ifthreadlike flowers are and it has numerous stamens. and itpresent, has numerous the filaments stamens. of the garden burnet are threadlike   PotentillaandPotentilla it has numerous spsp., .,especially especially stamens. Potentilla Potentilla glandulosa glandulosa and Horkelia and Horkelia  Potentilla sp., especially Potentilla glandulosa and Horkelia  spsp. .may may occupyoccupy similar similar habitats habitats and the and basal the leaves basal are leaves pin- are pin- sp. mayPotentilla occupy similarsp., especially habitats Potentilla and the basalglandulosa leaves and are Horkelia pin- nately compound like those of Sanguisorba sp. Both Potentil- natelynatelysp compound. may compound occupy like similar those like habitatsof Sanguisorbathose and of the Sanguisorba sp. basal Both leaves Potentil- aresp. pin- Both Potentil- la sp. and Horkelia sp. have more showy, radial flowers and la spla.nately and sp .Horkelia andcompound Horkelia sp. havelike those sp.more have ofshowy, Sanguisorba more radial showy, flowers sp. Both radial and Potentil- flowers and lathe sp .stems and Horkelia are usually sp. havehairy moreor glandular showy, andradial often flowers smell and res- the stemsthe stems are usually are usuallyhairy or glandular hairy or and glandular often smell and res- often smell res- © Gordon McBride theinous. stems are usually hairy or glandular and often smell res- © Gordon McBride © Gordon McBride inous.inous. © Gordon McBride Notes:inous. This species will most likely be present only in areas that Gordon McBride Notes: This species will most likely be present only in areas that Gordon McBride Notes:are already This speciesprotected will by most the forestlikely bepractice present rules, only howeverin areas itthat Lilium maritimumGordon McBride Gordon McBride areNotes: already protected This species by the will forest most practice likely rules, be howeverpresent it only in areas that Lilium maritimum areshould already be protected protected and by the buffered forest practiceif it is located rules, in howeverareas of itpro- Lilium maritimum Lilium maritimum shouldare bealready protected protected and buffered by the if it isforest located practice in areas ofrules, pro- however it Coast Lily shouldposed beoperations. protected and buffered if it is located in areas of pro- Coast 43Lily 43 posedshould operations. be protected and buffered if it is located in areas of pro- Coast Lily posed operations. 24 17 posed operations.24 17 Coast Lily 24 24 1717 24 17 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

ScientificRARE AND ENDANGERED Name PLANTPackera GUIDE FORbolanderi TIMBER HARVEST var. bolanderi PLANS IN COASTAL (formally MENDOCINO Senecio COUNTY bolanderi RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY var. bolanderi) Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY CommonRARE AND Names ENDANGERED PLANTSeacoast GUIDE ragwort,FOR TIMBER Bolander’sHARVEST PLANS ragwort IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Field Guide Guide Field Field Guide Guide Family Asteraceae CNPS List B.2 StateScientific ScientificStatus/Rank Name Name PackeraNone/S2.2Packera bolanderi bolanderi var. var. bolanderi bolanderi (formally (formally Senecio Senecio bolanderi bolanderi Distribution var.Delvar. bolanderi) Norte bolanderi) (DNT), Humboldt (HUM), Mendocino (MEN), Oregon CommonCommon Names Names Seacoast(OR),Seacoast Washington ragwort, ragwort, Bolander’s Bolander’s(WA) ragwort ragwort HabitatFamilyFamily Asteraceae Asteraceae CNPS List B.2 Key FeaturesCNPS List TheB.2 seacoast ragwort is a perennial from a rhizome. The stem StateState Status/Rank Status/Rank None/S2.2None/S2.2 DistributionDistribution DelmayDel Norte be Norte from(DNT), (DNT), 1 Humboldt to Humboldt 5 cm and(HUM), (HUM), much Mendocino Mendocino branched. (MEN), (MEN), Leaves Oregon Oregon are alternate, (OR),5 to(OR), Washington15 Washingtoncm long (WA) and (WA) lobed. Each branch may produce 8 to 15 HabitatHabitat “flowers”. Actually a “flower” of the sunflower family is a head – KeyKey Features Features TheorThe aseacoast broad seacoast receptacleragwort ragwort is a is perennialthat a perennial supports from from a (usually)rhizome. a rhizome. Thetwo The stem types stem of flow- mayers:may be yellow frombe from 1ray to 1 5flowersto cm 5 cmand and much around much branched. branched.the periphery Leaves Leaves are and arealternate, alternate,yellow disk 5flowers to5 15 to cm15 incmlong the long and andmiddle. lobed. lobed. EachAny Each branchstudent branch may ofmay producebotany produce 8 willto 8 15 toquickly 15 realize “flowers”.“flowers”. Actually Actually a “flower” a “flower” of theof thesunflower sunflower family family is ais heada – head – orthat aor broad athere broad receptacle is receptacle much that more that supports variationsupports (usually) (usually) in this two two typesplant types offamily flow- of flow- than this ers:briefers: yellow discussion yellow ray rayflowers flowers covers, around around but the for theperiphery the periphery seacoast and andyellow ragwort yellow disk disk it will serve flowersas flowersa guide, in the in particularly themiddle. middle. Any Any studentbecause student of therebotanyof botany arewill willquicklyno quicklyother realize realizemembers of thatthisthat there family there is much thatis much aremore more considered variation variation in tothis in be this plant rare plant family or family endangered than than this this in NCCF Photos © 2011 Aaron Arthur briefin briefMendocino discussion discussion covers, County covers, but at but for this forthe writing.the seacoast seacoast ragwortLeaves ragwort itof will itthis will serve species serve are asconspicuously aas guide, a guide, particularly particularly lobed becauseor becausedivided there there and are aremayno otherno be other fleshymembers members in ofcoastal of pop- thisthis family family that that are areconsidered considered to be to rarebe rare or endangeredor endangered in NCCF in NCCF PhotosPhotos © 2011 © 2011 Aaron Aaron Arthur Arthur ulations. in Mendocinoin Mendocino County County at this at this writing. writing. Leaves Leaves of thisof this species species are are Flowering Time conspicuouslyJuneconspicuously-July lobed lobed or dividedor divided and and may may be fleshybe fleshy in coastalin coastal pop- pop- Identification Time uJunelatiuolan-tiJulyso. ns. DiagnosticFloweringFlowering TimeFeatures Time June June-JulyWide-July oval to heart-shaped basal leaves with rounded teeth IdentificationIdentification Time Time JuneJune-July-July  Leaves are reduced upward and lower leaves are prominent DiagnosticDiagnostic Features Features  Wide Wide oval oval to heart to heart-shaped-shaped basal basal leaves leaves with with rounded rounded teeth teeth  Leaves HerbageLeaves are arereduced generally reduced upward upwardhairless and and lower(may lower leavesbe leaves hairy are arewhenprominent prominent young)  Herbage BasalHerbage leaves generally generally are hairless pinnately hairless (may (may lobedbe hairybe hairyor when divided when young) young) with 1 -3 pairs of  lobes Basal Basal leaves leaves are arepinnately pinnately lobed lobed or dividedor divided with with 1-3 1 pairs-3 pairs of of Similar species  lobesThelobes inflorescences of this flower is similar to numerous local SimilarSimilar species species   TheplantsThe inflorescences inflorescences in the sunflower of thisof this flower family.flower is similar isSenecio similar to numeroustois numerousamong local the local largest plantsgeneraplants in the inof the sunflowerflowering sunflower family. plants family. Senecio and Senecio although is among is among the the largestleaves largest are genera of flowering plants and although the leaves are somewhatgenera of flowering distinctive, plants a andbotanist although should the leaves be consultedare for somewhatsomewhat distinctive, distinctive, a botanist a botanist should should be consultedbe consulted for for positivepositivepositive identification. identification.identification.

Notes:Notes:Notes: Notes: Notes: Notes: This This This species speciesspecies has has hasbeen been been observed observed observed on roadon road on banks road banks in banksHum- in Hum- in Hum- boldtboldtboldt County, County, County, however however it has it it has appeared has appeared appeared in areas in areas in dominated areas dominated dominated by by by nativenativenative vegetation vegetation vegetation and and andmoderate moderate moderate canopy canopy canopy cover cover andcover and may mayandnot nottoler- may toler- not toler- ate ateopen open canopy canopy or groundor ground disturbance. disturbance. ate open canopy or ground disturbance. PiperiaPiperia canidida canididaPiperia canidida

WhiteWhite Flowered Flowered Rein Rein Orchid Orchid 43White Flowered Rein Orchid 43

1818 18 23 23 18 23 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

Scientific Name Piperia candida (formerly Habenaria candida)

Common Name White flowered rein-orchid RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Family Orchidaceae Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide CNPSRARERARE AND Rank ENDANGEREDAND ENDANGERED PLANT PLANT1B.2 GUIDE GUIDE FOR TIMBER FOR TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY RARE RARE AND ENDANGEREDAND ENDANGERED PLANT PLA GUIDENT GUIDE FOR TIMBER FOR TIMBER HARVEST HARVEST PLANS PLANS IN COASTAL IN COASTAL MENDOCINO MENDOCINO COUNTY COUNTY Field FieldGuide Guide Field FieldGuide Guide State Status/Rank None/S3

DistributionScientificScientific Name Name PiperiaDelPiperia Nortecandida candida (DNT), (formerly (formerly Humboldt Habenaria Habenaria (HUM), candida) candida) Mendocino (MEN), Santa Clara (SCL), Santa Cruz (SCR), Siskiyou (SIS), San Mateo (SMT), Sonoma Common Name White flowered rein-orchid Common Name White(SON), flowered Trinity rein (TRI),-orchid Oregon (OR), Washington (WA) FamilyFamily OrchidaceaeOrchidaceae Habitat North Coast coniferous forest, lower montane coniferous forest, CNPSCNPS Rank Rank 1B.2 1B.2 broad-leafed upland forest less than 4500’ in elevation in open to State Status/Rank None/S3None/S3 State Status/Rank shady sites KeyDistribution FeaturesDistribution DelPerennial NorteDel Norte (DNT), (DNT),from Humboldt aHumboldt caudex (HUM), (HUM),tuber Mendocino Mendocinoor bulb. (MEN), The (MEN), Santastem Santa Clara may Clara be 10 to 55 cm. (SCL), Santa Cruz (SCR), Siskiyou (SIS), San Mateo (SMT), Sonoma (SCL),arising Santa generally Cruz (SCR), fromSiskiyou a pair(SIS), ofSan basal Mateo leaves. (SMT), SonomaThe leaves are 7-18 cm (SON),(SON), Trinity Trinity (TRI), (TRI), Oregon Oregon (OR), (OR), Washington Washington (WA) (WA) long and 12-30 mm wide. The inflorescence is a one-sided spike, 7-30 HabitatHabitat NorthNorth Coast Coast coniferous coniferous forest, forest, lower lower montane montane coniferous coniferous forest, forest, broadcm,broad-leafed generally-leafed upland upland open. forest forest Theless than lessflowers than4500’ 4500’ inare elevation insmall elevation inwith open ina opennarrowlyto to triangular shadylipshady 1.5sites- sites3.5 mm long, that recurves toward the spur. The upper sepal, Key FeaturesKey Features PerenniallowerPerennial fromsepals from a caudex and a caudex lateral tuber tuber or petals bulb. or bulb. The generally stemThe stem may point maybe 10 be forward to 10 55 to cm. 55 (to cm. slightly ©2014 Dana York arisingascending).arising generally generally fromAll arefrom a pair white a ofpair basal ofor basal whiteleaves. leaves. withThe leavesThe a green leaves are 7 aremid-18 7cm--vein.18 cm The spur is long and 12-30 mm wide. The inflorescence is a one-sided spike, 7-30 longalso and small, 12-30 mm1.5 -wide.3.5 mm, The inflorescence and points isdownward. a one-sided spike, 7-30 cm, generallycm, generally open. open. The flowersThe flowers are smallare small with awith narrowly a narrowly triangular triangular Flowering Time lip March1.5lip-3.5 1.5 mm -–3.5 September long,mm long, that thatrecurves (In recurves Mendocino toward toward the spur.County the spur. The commonly upperThe upper sepal, sepal, May -July) lower sepals and lateral petals generally point forward (to slightly ©2014©2014 Dana Dana York York Identification Time lowerJune sepals-July and lateral petals generally point forward (to slightly ascending).ascending). All are All white are white or white or white with witha green a green mid- vein.mid-vein. The spurThe spuris is Diagnostic also small,also Thesmall, 1.5 -spur3.5 1.5 mm,-3.5 is mm,andapprox. pointsand points the downward. samedownward. size as the sepals and petals. The Flowering Time MarchMarch – Septemberpetals – September and (In sepals Mendocino (In Mendocino point County forward; County commonly commonly the spur May -May July)petal- July) points downward. FeaturesFlowering Time IdentificationIdentification Time TimeJune -June July spur-July 1.5—3.5 mm and pointed downward © Cheri Sanville DiagnosticDiagnostic  The leavesspurThe spuris approx. basal, is approx. the entire, samethe same sizelinear assize the as to sepalsthe oblanceolate sepals and petals.and petals. The generally The in pairs or petalssingularpetals and sepalsand sepals point point forward; forward; the spur the spurpetal petal points points downward. downward. FeaturesFeatures © Cheri Sanville  spur leaves spur1.5— 1.53.5 generally— mm3.5 andmm pointedand at pointedground downward downward surface and parallel to it facing ©up- Cheri Sanville  leaves wardleaves basal, basal, entire, entire, linear linear to oblanceolate to oblanceolate generally generally in pairs in orpairs or singular singular  leaves sepalsleaves generally generally and at lateral ground at ground petalssurface surface and mostly andparallel parallel white to it to andfacing it facing generally up- up- pointing wardforwardward Basal leaves are pinnately lobed Similar Species   sepals Piperiasepals and and lateraltransversa lateral petals petals can mostly be mostly whitefound white and growing and generally generally near pointing P. pointing candida ., longer with rounded teeth and may be forward Basal leaves are pinnately lobed forwardspur. Basal leaves are pinnatelypurplish lobed underneath. SimilarSimilar Species Species  Piperia Piperia transversa transversa can becan found be found growing growing near nearP. candida P. candida., longer., longer withwith rounded rounded teeth teeth and mayand maybe be  spur.P.spur. elongata also occurs in NCCF but has a green perianth, as does purplishpurplish underneath. underneath.  P. elongataP.P. leptopetalaelongata also occursalso .occurs in NCCF in NCCF but has but a has green a green perianth, perianth, as does as does P. leptopetala.  P. leptopetalaP. elegans. can occur but has a dense inflorescence with flowers  P. elegans can occur but has a dense inflorescence with flowers  P. elegansoverlapping. can occur but has a dense inflorescence with flowers overlapping.overlapping. Notes: This species is difficult to monitor because basal leaves ap- Notes: Notes: This Tspecieshis species is difficult is difficult to monitorto monitor because because basal basalleaves leaves ap- ap- © Cheri© Cheri Sanville Sanville © Cheri Sanville pearpear pearin January in in January or February or or February February but often but oftenbut disappear often disappear bydisappear flowering by flowering bytime flowering time time withwith withonly only onlya fraction a fractionfraction of leaf of leafpairsof leaf pairsproducing pairsproducing inflorescence.producing inflorescence. inflorescence. This Thismay bemay be This may be duedue todue herbivory to to herbivoryherbivory or dry or orspring dry dry spring weather. spring weather. weather.Plants Plants appear appearPlants resilient resilient appear to to resilient to Packera bolanderi var. bolanderi some disturbance and are often found along old skid trails but recov- Packera bolanderi var.Packera bolanderi bolanderi var. bolanderi somesome disturbance disturbance and are and often are found often along found old skid along trails oldbut skidrecov- trails but recov- ery fromery from clear clear cutting cutting is not is known.not known. A buffer A buffer of 50 of feet 50 feetshould should be al- be al- Bolander’sBolander’s Ragwort Ragwort lowederylowed and from treesand clear trees fallen cutting fallen away away from is from site.not site.Noknown. slash No slash or A debris bufferor debris should of should 50be feet be should be al- Bolander’s Ragwort piledlowedpiled where where and stands trees stands are fallenknown are known awayto occur. to fromoccur. site. No slash or debris should be 43 43 piled where stands are known to occur. 2222 22 1919 19 22 19 RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide

RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGEREDRARE AND PLA ENDANGEREDNT GUIDE FOR PLANT TIMBER GUIDE HARVEST FOR TIMBER PLANS HARVEST IN COASTAL PLANS MENDOCINO IN COASTAL COUNTY MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field GuideField Guide Field Guide RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT GUIDE FOR TIMBER HARVEST PLANS IN COASTAL MENDOCINO COUNTY Field Guide Field Guide Scientific Name Pleuropogon hooverianus Common Names Hoover's semaphore grass, North Coast semaphore grass FamilyScientific Name PleuropogonPoaceae hooverianus CNPSCommon List Names Hoover's1B.1 semaphore grass, North Coast semaphore grass StateFamily Status/Rank PoaceaeNone S2 DistributionCNPS List 1B.1Mendocino (MEN), Marin (MRN), Sonoma (SON) StateScientific Status/Rank Name NonePleuropogon S2 hooverianus Photos © 2001 Bart and Susan Eisenberg HabitatDistributionCommon Names MendocinoMarshyHoover's areas(MEN), semaphore and Marin redwood grass, (MRN), North Sonoma groves. Coast (SON) semaphore Also grows grass in perennially wet Photos © 2001 Bart and Susan Eisenberg HabitatFamily MarshyareasPoaceae areas such and a springs, redwood seeps groves. and Also pondgrows inmargins perennially and wet seasonal wet CNPS List areas1B.1 such a springs, seeps and pond margins and seasonal wet Key FeaturesState Status/Rank PerennialNone S2 grass that grows from a rhizome. The inflorescence is KeyDistribution Features PerennialMendocino grass (MEN),that grows Marin from (MRN), a rhizome. Sonoma The (SON) inflorescence is quite distinctive. It consists of four to eight spikelets (each with Photos © 2001 Bart and Susan Eisenberg Habitat quiteMarshy distinctive. areas and It consistsredwood of groves.four to Alsoeight grows spikelets in perennially (each with wet twotwoareas basal basal such glumes glumes a springs, and six and seeps to eightsix and to florets) pondeight margins thatflorets) stand and that out,seasonal morestand wetor out, more or lessless horizontally, horizontally, and look and something look something like semaphores like semaphores (thus the (thus the Key Features name).name).Perennial grass that grows from a rhizome. The inflorescence is FloweringFlowering Time Time MayMayquite-August-August distinctive. It consists of four to eight spikelets (each with Identification Time Junetwo-August basal glumes and six to eight florets) that stand out, more or Identification Time June-August Diagnostic Features  lessSpikelets horizontally, are horizontal and look to something ascending like on semaphoresstem. (thus the Diagnostic Features name).  TheSpikelets lemma is 8are-12 horizontalmm long and to the ascending lemma awn on is 1 stem.-4 mm Flowering Time May-August  long. Identification Time JuneThe-August lemma is 8-12 mm long and the lemma awn is 1-4 mm Similar species  California semaphore grass (P. californicus) and nodding sem- Diagnostic Features  long.Spikelets are horizontal to ascending on stem. Similar species  aphore grass (P. refractus) are similar to North Coast sema- phore CaliforniaThe grass. lemma North semaphoreis 8- Coast12 mm semaphore long grass and the( grassP. lemmacalifornicus can beawn distin- is )1 -and4 mm nodding sem- guishedaphorelong. from grass California (P. refractus semaphore) aregrass similar by the lengthto North of the Coast sema- Similar species  lemmaphoreCalifornia of thegrass. semaphorelowest North floret grassCoast in the (P. semaphore californicusspikelet. The) andlemma grass nodding incan Cali- besem- distin- Line drawing is from aphore grass (P. refractus) are similar to North Coast sema- forniaguished semaphore from grass California is less than semaphore 8 mm long grasswhile inby North the length of thewww.wildlife.ca.gov Coastlemmaphore semaphore grass. of the North grass lowest Coast it is 8 floret semaphoreto 12 mm in thelong. grass spikelet. Similarly, can be distin- NorthThe lemma in Cali- Line drawing is from Coastguished semaphore from California grass is distinguished semaphore grass from by nodding the length sema- of the Line drawing is from phorefornialemma grass semaphoreof by the the lowest length floretgrass of lemma inis theless awns, spikelet. than the 8 formerThe mm lemma longbeing in while1 Cali- in North www.wildlife.ca.gov Coastfornia semaphore grass grass is less it isthan 8 to8 mm 12 longmm while long. in Similarly, North North – 4 mm long while the latter being 5 - 20 mm. www.wildlife.ca.gov CoastCoast semaphoresemaphore grass grass it is 8is to distinguished 12 mm long. Similarly, from Northnodding sema- Notes: phoreVeryCoast little semaphore grass is known by thegrass about length is distinguished this ofplant. lemma It frommost awns, likelynodding theprefers sema- former being 1 partial canopyphore grassand openby the areas length as ofgrass lemma species awns, are thewind former pollinat- being 1 ed. It may–– 44not mm compete long long while whilewell the with the latter other latter being species being5 - 20 and mm. 5is - most20 mm. likely sensitive to ground disturbance or changes to hydrology. Any Pleuropogon hooverianus occurrences Notes:Notes: Very that little arelittle found is isknown shouldknown about be about avoided this plant.this if possible Itplant. most andlikelyIt buff-most prefers likely prefers eredpartialpartial against canopy any potential and and open open disturbance. areas areas as grass asThe speciesgrass species species are will windmost arepollinat- likely wind pollinat- North Coast Semaphore Grass existed.ed. in It Itareas may may thatnotnot competeare compete dominated well well with by withgrasses other other species and contain species and is sparse most and likely is most likely timber.sensitive to ground disturbance or changes to hydrology. Any Pleuropogon hooverianus sensitive to ground disturbance or changes to hydrology. Any Pleuropogon hooverianus occurrences that are found should be avoided if possible and buff- occurrencesered against anythat potential are found disturbance. should beThe avoidedspecies will if possiblemost likely and buff- North Coast Semaphore Grass eredexist against in areas20 thatany arepotential dominated disturbance. by grasses and The contain species sparse will most likely 21 North Coast Semaphore Grass existtimber. in areas that are dominated by grasses and contain sparse timber. 43 43 21 20 21 20 21