Action Plan for Rejuvenation of River Betwa
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1 ACTION PLAN FOR REJUVENATION OF RIVER BETWA Action Plan for Rejuvenation of River Betwa (Mandideep to Vidisha) M.P. Pollution Control Board Bhopal (M.P) 2 ACTION PLAN FOR REJUVENATION OF RIVER BETWA INDEX S.N Item Page No. I. BACKGROUND 3 II. INTRODUCTION- BETWA STRETCH – 4 MANDIDEEP TO VIDISHA III. SOURCES OF CONTAMINATION IN THE 5-11 RIVER BETWA Maps Fig A & B IV. RIVER QUALITY IN THE STRETCH 14 I. V. SEWAGE TREATMENT & DISPOSAL 15 STATUS VI PROPOSED SHORT TERM AND LONG 16 -18 TERM ACTION PLAN FOR REJUVENATION OF RIVER BETWA VII PHOTOGRAPHS OF RIVER BETWA 19 -32 IN STRETCH FROM ITS ORIGIN UP TO VIDISHA Annexure: 1. Analyses reports –water quality Betwa River 2. List of 17 type of Industries. 3. Letters received from Nagar Palika Parishad Mandideep & Vidisha. 3 ACTION PLAN FOR REJUVENATION OF RIVER BETWA I. BACKGROUND NGT Case No. 673/2018: Hon’ble National Green Tribunal Central Zonal Bench New Delhi, in the matter of Original Application No. 673/2018 (News item published in ‘THE HINDU’ Authored by Shri. Jacob Koshy Titled “More river stretches are now critically polluted: CPCB”) passed an order on 20/09/2018. The para 48, 49 and 50.3 of this order are relevant to comply. The para 48 states that, “it is absolutely necessary that Action Plans are prepared to restore the polluted river stretches to the prescribed standards". Para 49 states that “Model Action Plan for Hindon River, already prepared by the CPCB, may also be taken into account.” Further in para 50 (I, ii, iii) Hon’ble National Green Tribunal has issued following directions:- i) All States and Union Territories are directed to prepare action plans within two months for bringing all the polluted river stretches to be fit at least for bathing purposes (i.e BOD ˂ 3 mg/L and FC ˂ 500 MPN/100 ml) within six months from the date of finalisation of the action plans. ii) The action plans may be prepared by four-member Committee comprising, Director, Environment, Director, Urban Development, Director, Industries. Member Secretary, State Pollution Control Board of concerned State. This Committee will also be the Monitoring Committee for execution of the action plan. The Committee may be called ‘’River Rejuvenation Committee’’ (RRC). The RRC will function under the overall supervision and coordination of Principal Secretary, Environment of the concerned State/Union Territory. iii) The action plan will include components like identification of polluting sources including functioning/ status of STPs/ETPs/CETP and solid waste management and processing facilities, quantification and characterisation of solid waste, trade and sewage generated in the catchment area of polluted river stretch. The action plan will address issues relating to; ground water extraction, adopting good irrigation practices, protection and management of Flood Plain Zones (FPZ), rain water harvesting, ground water charging, maintaining minimum environmental flow of river and plantation on both sides of the river. Setting up of biodiversity parks on flood plains by removing encroachment shall also be considered as an important component for river rejuvenation. The action plan should focus on proper interception and diversion of sewage carrying drains to the Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and emphasis should be on utilization of treated sewage so as to minimize extraction of ground or surface water. The action plan should have speedy, definite or specific timelines for execution of steps. Provision may be made to pool the resources, utilizing funds from State budgets, local bodies, State Pollution Control Board/ Committee and out of Central Schemes. In para 47 of the above order dated 20/09/2018, the polluted stretch of River Betwa to be considered for rejuvenation extends from Mandideep to Vidisha. In compliance to the above directions of Hon’ble NGT, the present report with proposed action plan is hereby submitted for consideration. 4 ACTION PLAN FOR REJUVENATION OF RIVER BETWA II. INTRODUCTION- BETWA STRETCH – MANDIDEEP TO VIDISHA The Betwa or Betravati is a river in Northern India, and a tributary of the Yamuna. Also known as the Vetravati. The river originates at Jhirri Village (District Sehore) near Bhopal and flows north-east through Madhya Pradesh and Orchha and joins Yamuna River near Hamirpur at Ghatampur. During its travel from origin to the destination traverses a long distance of about 654 Kms out of which a stretch of about 232 kilometres lies in Madhya Pradesh and the rest in Uttar Pradesh. The river benefits both the States in terms of irrigation and potable water. The flow in Madhya Pradesh from origin up to Bhojpur is very meagre except for the monsoon season. Between Bhojpur and Vidisha again the river flow is non- contiguous in non-monsoon season. The river demonstrates the perennial characteristics only beyond Vidisha after confluence of small tributaries. Betwa stretch being monitored by the Bhopal Regional Office of MPPCB River Betwa originates from village Jhirri (District Sehore) about 20 Km from the Capital. The river travels a distance of about 30 Km before it enters the Mandideep Industrial Area region. In this patch the river flow in non-monsoon period is very low and river is observed to be broken into small patches. On down-stream of the Mandideep also the flow is observed to be non-contiguous during non-monsoon period; however considerable flow is observed in river Betwa after Bhojpur due to confluence of River Kaliasot near Bhojpur and a couple of small tributaries flowing into the Betwa from eastern part. From Bhojpur the R. Betwa travels towards Raisen but pass by without touching the Raisen habitation. The river enters Vidisha via Pagneshwar at Village Rangai. River Baise joins the river Betwa on the down-stream of Vidisha near Charanteerth. River stretch extending from the origin point at village Jhirri up to Vidisha measures about 100 Km. 5 ACTION PLAN FOR REJUVENATION OF RIVER BETWA III. Sources of contamination in Betwa During its travel from origin the river caters the water need of Mandideep, Bhojpuri, Vidisha, and at the same time it drains the waste-water of these areas. The waste water generated from north-eastern part of Bhopal city travels through patra nalla (joining river Halali) and collects in the Halali dam. Over flow of Halali Dam joins River Betwa on the down-stream of Vidisha. Similarly, the waste-water from the central and southern part of Bhopal city is drained into River Kaliasot which joins River Betwa before Bhojpur. Thus, the major waste- water streams / possible source of contamination mixing in the river are as follows: Major drains / source of contamination in River Betwa 1. Nallah from Patel Nagar Madideep near Railway bridge 2. Nallah from AKVN WTP back-wash and Maderi Village before Nayapura Road bridge 3. Nayapura Nallah under the Road bridge 4. Nallah from Rahul Nagar behind Satlapur Industrial Area 5. River Kaliasot before Bhojpur (carrying waste-water from part of Bhopal City) 6. Pilia Nallah Vidisha. Only during monsoon period, rest of the time the nallah is dry. 7. Sewage Nallah of Vidisha city at downstream of Vidisha near Charanteerth. Point wise brief of the major polluting drains is as follows: 1. Patel Nagar Domestic Sewage :- This drain runs through a distance of around 2.81 Km from its origin point. The maximum flow in this drain is around 0.4 MLD. The drain confluence with river Betwa near Railway Bridge at Mandheri village, Mandideep, District Raisen. The drain carries the domestic waste of Patel Nagar. There are 07 water polluting industries namely, SMV Beverages, Insulator and Electricals, C.J. gelatine, Anant Spinning mill, R.V.R./Nosler rubber and Hershey India established in this catchment area. All these industries have commissioned ETPs for the treatment of the industrial effluent. The treated waste-water is being re-utilized by these industries for horticulture and other auxiliary utilities. Zero-discharge from these industries is maintained. Meeting at Betwa river Meeting River Betwa on Left Bank Name of Regional Office of SPCB MPPCB Regional Office, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh Source of Pollution Load Domestic Sewage & Water Treatment plant backwash Traceable Length of Drain (in km) before meeting river 3.24 Km Betwa (through Google Earth/ Map) Catchment area Mandheri Village, New Industrial Area Co-ordinate of the confluence point (if not latitude 23o07’16.24”N reachable indirect through Google Earth 6 ACTION PLAN FOR REJUVENATION OF RIVER BETWA Map) (Decimal Units) Longitude 77 o53’15.36”E Distance of the sampling point from confluence point 0.38 Km (May the find out over Google Earth/Map) km. Co-ordinate of the sampling point (Decimal unit) 23o07’30.82”N Latitude 77 o 5 2’96.64”E Longitude Landmarks/Address of the Locations Behind Harshey India Ltd., New Industrial Area, Mandideep Flow if in MLD, if 0 indicate whether dry are stagnant 0.05 MLD (Max) Parameters Results pH (pH Scale) 8.62 BOD (mg/l) 16 COD (mg/l) 128.4 TS (mg/l) 541 TDS (mg/l) 411 TSS (mg/l) 130 Chloride (mg/l) 135.5 2. Mandheri Village/A.K.V.N. Backwash Drain :- This drain runs through a distance of around 3.24 Km from its origin point. The maximum flow in this drain is around 0.05 MLD. The drain confluence with river Betwa near New Industrial Area back side of the Hershey India Limited. The drain carries the domestic waste-water of Mandheri Village and back-wash water of WTP of A.K.V.N. There are 03 water polluting industries namely, R.V.R./Nosler rubber and Hershey India established in this catchment area. All these industries have commissioned ETPs for the treatment of the industrial effluent.