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Medical Survey of the People of Rongelap And BNL90B (T-371) (Biologyand Medicine- TID-45N,40th Ed.) ~~() -’,:J~ MEDICALSURVEY OF THE PEOPLE OF RONGEIAP AND UTIRIK ISLANDS NINE AND TEN YEARS AFTER EXPOSURE TO FALLOUT RADIATION (MARCH 1963 AND MARCH 1964) NINE-YEARSURVEY Roam A. bHARD, M.D.,’LEO M. *YER, M.D.: WATARU W. SUTOW,M.D.,’ WIuIm C. MOLOWT,M.D.: BRADFORDCmoN, M.D.,’ AROQATIHIc!uN6,PRACTITIONEIt,* RICHAROHAMWSTROM,P!kD.,l ANDEm RIKLOM,PWITIONER’ with ttm technicalassistanceof Wnmm A. SCOY1/’DOU61AS[Lmus; lRwm6JoftEs: Eufm ~DSY: bwmfa CooL’ Kosmi MIZUTQffIj’Smo SmfIs@’ AIfOKmm KIYYIEM’ TEN-YEARSURVEY ROBERTA. COMARO,M., Go k MEYEXM.D., Ausmn 10W, M.D.: ALVINC. WATNE,M.D.,’ ROOERT& CARTER,M.D.: AROSATIHICKIN6,PMcmmoMR BYRONBENDER,PH.D.: ISMC LANWI,PRACTITIONER:NO JHON ANJAM,PRACTITIONER’ with tho tuhnical assistanceof WHI.JAML $CO~, ~U61AS ~RElfS, wflUM wAfYifE,” Kosm Mfmowf,Sma SffoffIULtiwf Kmm, ANDW. GAYS* ‘lm8khnalfufun( l&rmuy,lJ?mn,nNYuk %p’m@ of?ubIfcHdh, TntdTmiteqofh Pacifichhnd %dllfa9wc0mllnii n05pitdu01kviff5colllm,n9WYWk ‘AmukRFmld@bnfwIh MA WdIii D.c ‘MA- M@af, Unkniryd Ts% Hoasma,Tcx= WWdiy ofWa!Wu*t H-? w~ W* %$tn GlynqWkian, M153dWm ‘shinUaii Oflow, lowcity,low ‘W$ubOums@md H05@mkk5mn,mu0dmW5 “wowYorkUnimrlity,k Yd, mmMl B RO OK HAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY UPTON, NEW YORK ,. -..., 3 - c~ 1 2 2 5 5 6 7 7 9 9 10 10 10 12 13 13 13 13 13 1’4 14 17 17 18 18 18 20 20 20 23 24 28 28 28 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 37 37 37 39 39 ii ... Other hGmmw"St& . ................................................................................................. ‘M Chromosome Sm~u .....*v ................................................................................................... 40 Dia&tic Smey ...................................................................................................................... 41 Serological Stia .................................................................................................................. ’41 Pwek.*I*e *bnations ............................................................................. 41 Folic &Ai &&minau "om .................................................................................................. 41 41 -!?-% s+ ............................“.. ....... ....... .. .. ... .. .. .... ..... ... .. ... y~of*e Utie .................................................................................... 42 suMM2;?= ......................>. .................................................................................. 45 HeaIth S~.....+...........:. ............................................................................................................ 45 ~Mortality.. ................................ ............. .. ....... .... .. .... ........ .. .... 45 .Aqhg ...................................................................................................... ...................................... 45 Fertility, Miscarriages, Stillbirths, and Gepetic Effects.-, ..............l.. ..:, +&.........., ............................ 46 Growth and Dcve@ment Smdiu..:= .......k. ................................... ..J...... d.,.“-..... ........... .... ...... .... 46 Development of~@*..#l...e ........................Y......... ................................................ 46 Malignancy ....................+. .--.....+...... ........&=............................................ ...... .......... ..... 47 “BetaBUm'' ................."K............................ .................................................................................. +7 [ntemallv Absorbed Imto~ ........................................................................................................ 47 Other Examination ...................................................................................................................... 48 .~C~OWLEXME~ ............................................................................................................................ 48 REFERENCES... 49 hPENDIX i. Rongelap Group and Control Mean Blood Coun@ at Various Times After Exposure ............................................................................ .+PPENDIX2. Ailingnae Group and Control lMean Blood Counts at Various Times After Ex~swe ............................................................................ 52 APpENDIX3. Utirik Group Mean Blood Counts at Various Jlmes Mer Exposure ................ 53 AppENDtX4. Individual Hematological Findings, 1963 .............................................................. 54 .%PENDIX j . Individual Hematological Findings, 19& .............................................................. 65 .+PENDIX 6. Individual Basophii Determinations, 1963 and 1964 ............................................ 74 .%WENDtX7. Individual Adult Physical Ftidin~ ........................................................................ 78 .APPENDtX8. Individual Children Physical findm~ .................................................................. [00 .* PENDIX9. Anthropometric Study of Adult Mmhall~ ........................................................ 1Q6 .* PENDtX 10. Nausea and Vomiting Following Exposure to Fallout of Mamhallese, LMarch 1, 1954 ................................................................ 133 .*PENDtX 11. Pediatric Anthropometric Data (’Height and Weight), 1957 Through 1964, on Rongelap Control (Unexposed) children .................... 134 hpENDH 12. Pediatric .%tthropometric Data (Height and Weight), 1956 Through 1964, on Children Born to Exposed Parents, ............................... 138 .tiPENDtX i 3. Pediatric Anthropomernc Data (Height and Weight), 1954 Through 1964, on Rongelap Exposed Chil&en .......................................... 140 .hPENDtx 14. Supplementary Anthropometric Data, Rongelap Control Children ........ ........ [4’~ APPEXDIX 15. Supplementary Anthropometric Data on Children Born to Exposed Parents .... 153 APPENDIX 16. Supplementary Anthropometnc Data, Rongelap Exposed Children ................ 157 APPENDIX 17. Serum Folic .4cid Levels, 1963 ................................................................................ 166 .* PENDtX 18. Bone L~arrow Differential CounK .......................................................................... 167 . Ill .! ‘=. .=-, >.’ .% . .. -.. 4.. -. iEDICAl_$lkYEiOF THE PhE OF RONGQAP AND UTIRIKISLANDS NIHE’#ii) ‘~ YEARSAFTEREXPOSURETO w ‘~lATION :* ‘“’ (MARCH1963ANO MARCH1964- .., ... -lntroduct@ -*i .-’ The resulti of a rn~cal sut&y ‘bftlie peopl : Rongclap in the Marshall Islands, carried out% March 1963 and March 1964,9 and 10 years&a people on Majuro Atoll sevcraihs@@d miles to the accident, arc presented in this rep Tl&: the south, where they lived for the following 3% people had been accidentally exposed to falIout years and were examined at yearly itsterv+ by a . radiation following a detonation of a high yield special medical team. In July 1957, M*. careful thermonuclear device during experiments at evaluation of the radioactive contamination situ- Bikini in the Pacific Proving Grounds in March ation, Rongelap ~~ wti c~dercd safe for 1954. An unpredicted shift in winds caused a habitation. A new vi~::wai constructed, and the deposiaon of significant amounts of fallout on four Rongclap people were moved there by Navy ship. inhabited .Marshall Islands to the east of Bikini The annual medicai surveys have since been car- (see Figure 1) and also on 23 Japanese fishermen ried out on Rongelap Island. aboard their fishing vessel, the Lucky Dragon. Of A group of more than 100 RongeIap people, the inhabitants of the island of Rongeiap, 105 who were relatives of the exposed people but had nautical miles away from the detonation, 64 re- been away horn the island at the time of the acci- the hrgpt f*ut cx~re: = eatim8te4. dent, moved back with the Rongelap people to ‘a”W , UF17!3 I’a&f wHW!kh&-gamrjta E8$htiom their home island and have served as an ideal “ofAof * s@k#imt =* ~. comparison population for the studies. This num- bet’ ~ce increased to about 200. Following - the i#ial survey of the Utirik people on Kwa-, jalein in 1954, a repeat survey was carried out in March 1957. In addition, during the paat survey, .= dose of aboufS- ---- -.. Rongelap people on Ailingnt@-. ELA?..-.”-”.”.”.- --- - on thisisland and no &in effkcts d~.’ American servicemen, they were later returned to their duty stations. The Utirik people were also F@rc 1. i%i+ of Fallout Area MAN RO allowed to return to their home island, where (Nlarch 1, 1954), .Varshall Islands. Qbo 1 2 T&i$ 1 Summary of MaAallae Popul.ati~ w- 1~ “’ . _ Group : No. in group -.” ~N POWLAnONS .... ... 1954 April Ma.. 115(aduAtsattdchildren) .... 7oo-ai 7 ~r~ . 1956 ~ 57 *V .- 100&lo82 1957 >“ ,&&& 100 . %. 4, giN-9oo 1958 170 19 . 8D1-970 1964 : RongeI@ 170 (age >10 only)” 801-1058 EXPOSaDPOPWLATSONS Rongelap 175 r) 67 (includa 3 Mutcro;annual exams) 1-86 .Ailingnae 70 r) 19 (includes 1 inuwo; annual exams) 1-86 American servicemen 28 (examined 1954 onlv) 401-428 Utirik ( 14 r) 157 (examined every 3 to 4 yearn) 2101-2257 UNEXPOSEDCKSLDILEN( <10 YaAasM OF1964) Rongelap & Ailingnae 45 (expmeciparents) 87-136 Rongdap 75 (unexposed parents) 801-1058 ~T~fi 20 {exposed parents) W58_2278 as in the previous sumeys, a visit was made to During the lint 24 to 48 hr after expmure, about Kwajalein and Majuro Atolls for examination of a % of the Rongelap people experienced anorexia number of Rongelap people, now residing at these and nausea. A few vomited and had diarrhea. In atolls, and also groups of children who represent appendix 10 the individual histories of nausea
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