Smart City Nagpur

SMART CITY NAGPUR

Image Source: indiamarks.com

FACT FINDING MISSION REPORT ON NAGPUR

Innovation Centre Denmark, India The East Asiatic Company Foundation, Denmark

Contents

Innovation Centre Denmark, Royal Danish Embassy New Delhi

2

Abbreviations

AMRUT Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation
CAGR Cumulative Aggregate Growth Rate CMP Comprehensive Mobility Plan FSI Floor Space Index ICT Information & Communication Technology IPDS Integrated Power Development Scheme MIDC Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation
MIHAN Multi-Modal International Cargo Hub and Airport at Nagpur
MLD Million litres per day
MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises NCCN Nagpur City Community Network
NIT Nagpur Improvement Trust NMC Nagpur Municipal Corporation NMT Non-Motorised Transport NRCP National River Conservation Plam
PBP Pardi-Bharatwada-Punapur PPP Public-Private Partnerships RFID Radio-Frequency Identification SBM Swachh Bharat Mission
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SCP Smart City Proposal SGS Smart Garbage Solutions SPV Special Purpose Vehicle STP Smart Transportation Pricing SWM Solid Waste Management
UOCCC Unified Operations Command and Control Center

3

Acknowledgement

Our sincere thanks to The East Asiatic Company Foundation (ØK Fonden, Denmark) for providing the financial grant to conduct the Fact Finding Mission. The aim of the foundation is to develop relations both professionally and culturally between Denmark and Asia.

We are highly indebted to the Nagpur City Officials for sharing their knowledge with us that greatly assisted the research.

Furthermore, we would also like to thank Honourable Mayor of Nagpur; Mr. Pravin Prabhakarao Datke, Nagpur Municipal Commissioner; Mr. Shravan Hardikar, Additional Municipal Commissioner; Mr. R.Z. Siddiqui and others from the executive team within the Nagpur Municipal Corporation for making the mission possible. Our special thanks to Mr. Mahesh Gupta, Traffic Engineer for coordinating and facilitating the meetings.

We would like to express our appreciation to all those who have contributed to preparing this report. We extend our sincere thanks to all of them.

4

Executive Summary

Nagpur, often called the heart of India, is at the geographical centre of the country enabling it to be the logistical hub of India. With over 2.5 million residents and 52% of the district population residing in Nagpur, it is the 3^rdlargest urban area in the State of Maharashtra¹. Nagpur was known for its orange production market (Orange City), but has over the years transformed itself to become a sought after investment destination due to its central connectivity stronghold. Companies like CISCO³and Reliance⁴along with countries like France⁴have expressed interest and in some cases even laid foundation to projects like building an Aerospace Park and manufacturing plants in Nagpur.

Nagpur aims to transform itself into a well-planned, Eco-friendly, Edu-city that Electronically connects governments, businesses, people and spaces seamlessly to co-create a clean, green, safe, prosperous, healthy and Inclusive ecosystem and hence their Smart City vision is apt named ‘e3i’. This vision has been formulated based on an extensive citizen engagement process and discussions with urban planners and sector experts, with the results reflecting strong desires to have a clean, green and safe Nagpur.

Innovation Centre Denmark at Royal Danish Embassy undertook a fact finding mission to Nagpur on 3^rdand 4^thof October 2016. This report is the result of comprehensive interviews with city officials and site visits within the city.

During the fact finding mission on the 3^rdand 4^thof October 2016, the following observations were made:
 A strong municipality team that has engaged the services of several planning companies to evaluate global cities to be the foundation for their work on Smart City Nagpur. Additionally, the officials

share a strong recognition of Denmark’s capabilities in liveability, sustainability and cycling which is

an aspirational goal for Nagpur.
 Development of Nag riverfront, estimated at DKK 150 million.  Pan-city solutions on waste management, city surveillance & monitoring, IT control & command centre and intelligent transportation solutions, estimated at DKK 223.39 million.
 Area based smart parking and non-modal transportation (cycling) solutions, estimated at DKK
73.52 million.

From the fact finding mission, one aspect that stands out strongly is the willingness of the city officials (backed by a strong support from the State government of Maharashtra) to implement solutions within their city without any delays. This is leading the city to proactively scout for partners and potentially also issue public tenders at a pace uncommon amongst Indian cities. Danish companies need to take a note of this working culture and engage accordingly with Nagpur. Nagpur has also evaluated cities globally (including Copenhagen) to arrive at project scope for city level waste management. The results of this evaluation is being factored in the Request for Proposal (RFPs) to be released in early 2017.

5

City Profile

Nagpur is a city in the central part of India in Maharashtra state. It is the winter capital of the state and the largest city of Central India. Nagpur has been the main centre of commerce in the region of Vidarbha since its early days and is an important location for trade and industry. The city is also important for the banking sector as it hosts the regional office of Reserve Bank of India. Nagpur is witnessing an economic boom as the "Multi-Modal International Cargo Hub and Airport at Nagpur (MIHAN)" is being developed. MIHAN will be used for handling heavy cargo coming from South-East Asia and the Middle East.

Nagpur is adjudged as the second greenest and cleanest city of India and is the 9^thmost competitive city and 8^thhighest consuming city of the country. Around 10% of the MSME`s and MIDC Industrial units of the state are in Nagpur Division. The district has the 2^ndlargest number of warehouses in the state and the capacity is nearly 5% of the total storage capacity available in the state. Nagpur is the largest producer of oranges in the state and the region accounts for nearly one third of the state's cotton production. Nagpur city has also been rated among the top 10 emerging business destinations for commercial real estate in India.

Nagpur District forms the north-eastern part of the present state of Maharashtra. The district is roughly triangular in shape and is rich in geological and mineral wealth. Nagpur city is located at the exact centre of Indian peninsula and has the Zero Mile marker indicating the geographical centre of the country. The city is dotted with natural and artificial lakes, the largest being Ambazari lake.

Demographic profile: Spread across an area of 9892 sq. km, Nagpur district has a total population of 4,653,570 people as per Census 2011 and has experienced a growth rate of 14.4% over the last decade. Nagpur district is also one of the well urbanized district with more than two-third of its population living in urban areas. Literacy rate in Nagpur district is 88.4%, higher than the state average of 82.34%. (Table 1)

Table 1: Demographic Statistics, Census 2011
Maharashtra

112,400,000 16%

Nagpur District

4,653,570 14.4%
Total Population Decadal growth rate of population Proportion of urban population to total population

45.22%

68.32%

Density of population (persons/sq.km)

365

470

Literacy rate

82.3%

88.4%

Source: Economic Survey of Maharashtra, 2014-2015

6

Urban Governance: The urban institutional set-up in Nagpur is divided into various departments responsible for the provision, operation and maintenance of urban services. The Nagpur Municipal Corporation (NMC) is the main administrative body. The administrative head of the Corporation is the Municipal Commissioner, who along with the Deputy Municipal Commissioners, carries out various activities related to engineering, health and sanitation, taxation and its recovery. The activities of NMC are administered by its 10 zonal offices.⁵The overall organization structure of NMC is classified as below. (Figure 1)

Figure 1: Organization Structure-NMC
Commissioner

Additional Commissioner

Deputy Commissioner 1

Zonal
Office (1-4)
Zonal
Office (5-7)
Zonal Office
(8-10)

Department

Source: Nagpur Municipal Corporation website

The implementation of the Smart City Mission, in general, at the city level will be done by a special purpose vehicle (SPV) created for the purpose. The SPV will plan, apprise, approve, release funds, implement, operate and evaluate the smart city development projects. The proposed organization structure in Nagpur for SPV will consist of 13 Board Members in total. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is by de facto the Municipal Commissioner, supported by Presidents appointed for different departments. (Figure 2)

Figure 2: Smart City SPV Board and Organization Structure

Proposed Board Members: 13

6 - Nagpur Municipal Corporation
4 - Maharashtra Government

1 Government of India Nominee
2 Independent Directors

o Commissioner as
Chairman o 2 Nominees of
Government of o 1 nominee of Chairman o 4 nominees of Mayor
Maharashtra o Chairman, NIT o Commissioner of Police

7

Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
President-Information Technology
President-Corporate Affairs
President-Operations



Head-Planning

 Chief Manager-Accounts &

Finance
 Chief Manager-Procurement
 Chief Manager-IT
Operations
Head-Water Supply, Sewerage

& Storm Water



Head-Roads/Transport Head-Electricity Head-Solid Waste Management

Source: Fact Finding Mission, Nagpur Municipal Corporation

8

Main Challenges

The purpose of the fact-finding mission was to highlight some of the specific challenges and opportunities in Nagpur city for Danish companies as part of the implementation of the Smart City Proposal (SCP).

Nagpur has been in the unique position of being the geographical centre of India which has led to its development as the logistical hub of the country. With extensive rail and road network to all parts of India, the city has evolved to become a bustling economic hub with extensive trade outlets and storage warehouses. However, in parallel to this rapid growth, the city is also experiencing massive challenges in traffic management, increased population living in slums, emergence of unplanned living spaces, challenges in waste management (industrial and human waste) and extensive pollution of water bodies in the city.

Traffic Management:

The Municipal Corporation of Nagpur covers an area of 217.65 sq. km and accommodates a population of 2.4 million (Census 2011). As it encompasses the central business district area and major activity and traffic zones, this area faces high parking demand which is not catered well by the existing parking infrastructure. This has led to congestion issues within the central city region where uncontrolled and unorganized parking have been witnessed. Furthermore, there are over 1.38 million registered vehicles (as of 2014) with an average of 546 vehicles per 1000 population and vehicle registration growth rate over the past 5 years being an average of 19% year on year. ⁵

Additionally, bus-based public transport service is being operated in Nagpur city with a total fleet size of 470 buses and effective fleet size of 290 buses. The city bus service contributes to 8% share in the total transportation of Nagpur.⁵The city is also facing a problem of encroachment due to parked vehicles, which is largely hindering the smooth flow of traffic. Several areas within the city like Gandhi Bagh Park (figure below) and major transit corridors like Mangalwari Bazar Road face severe vehicular movement paralysis due to illegal parking on roads. The larger segment of vehicles causing such bottle necks are cargo trucks and small cargo vehicles as part of the logistics hub in Nagpur.

Image Source: 5. Nagpur Municipal Corporation

9

Unauthorised Settlements:

For more than a decade, Nagpur has been witnessing an increase in unauthorized layouts and illegal developments along the eastern periphery (north to south east) of the city. Estimates within the Nagpur Municipal Corporation indicate to over 2450 such unauthorised layouts and slums that have developed in violation of the proposed land-use of the Development Plan of Nagpur. This includes areas such as Nara, Nari, Wanjara, Wanjri, Bharatwada, Pardi, Watoda, Tajbagh, Manewada and Somalwada.

These 2450 unauthorized layouts are estimated to house approximately 36% of the city’s population.⁶Being illegal, these layouts are unable to access civic services and continue to subsist in squalor. Services such as adequate water supply, sanitation and sewerage, public transport, and street lighting are not available to this section of the society.

Even though the government and the municipality have programs for free and/or affordable housing, due to the increasing augmentation of human capital for the logistics industry, immigrants into Nagpur find refuge within slums like Saroj Nagar Slum (figure below). Ever increasing populace and sparse availability of basic resources like water and defunct sewage lines choke any development activities around these regions.

Underutilized and under developed rivers and lakes:

Nagpur draws its water resources from three main rivers, namely River Nag, River Pilli and River Pora. They are further augmented by five lakes in the city (Gorewada lake, Phutala lake, Ambazari lake, Sonegaon lake and Gandhisagar lake). These rivers and lakes face a myriad of issues such as:



under-utilized river banks and edges poor condition of infrastructure lines on the river floods during monsoons dilapidated structures on river bank informal settlements abutting the river untreated riparian edges garbage and untreated sewage discharged into the river

10



dilapidated connections across rivers (bridges).
The Nag River is of primary focus for the city and hence all resources are being focused onto the cleaning and development of the river.

Image Source: HCP Design, Planning & Management Pvt. Ltd.

11

Sub optimal waste management system:

Through the citizen connect measures of the Nagpur Municipal Corporation (NMC), it was identified that there needs to be stronger and more accurate monitoring of citizen oriented services like water supply, wastewater management and garbage management amongst others. Hence building a strong ICT backed infrastructure model is of key interest for NMC.

The city has implemented PPP projects such as 24*7 water supply, recycling and reuse of 130 MLD wastewater, installation of LED street lights in place of conventional street lights, city bus operations and collection and treatment of solid waste management. The city has been able to improve efficiency of these services through effective leveraging of the private sector expertise. This being said, there are a lot of improvements that can be achieved and hence this is one of the key areas selected as the Pan-City development project.

Liveability and Sustainable growth issues:

Over the last few years, Nagpur has been witnessing progressive industrial and economic transformations. The NMC has also identified several mega industrial areas like MIHAN (Multi-modal International Cargo Hub and Airport at Nagpur) that would attract large investments and industrial players.⁷While these developments are taking shape, the city is finding it difficult to effectively focus on ensuring a sustainable growth plan to create a liveable city of the future. Given this, infrastructure within the city will have to keep pace with the requirements in order to ensure liveability and sustainable growth. As a first move towards this, NMC is progressing on implementing cycling as a strong non-modal form of transportation. Special concretized lanes are being laid (as on the dates of the fact finding mission) and over eight kms of road has been identified to be the cycling zone in central Nagpur city. In addition to the non-modal forms, the metro rail project in the city is also underway to keep pace with the burgeoning demand.

Apart from these large segments, other issues observed and documented during the fact finding mission are:



Renewable energy development and distribution challenges Non-revenue water loss estimated to be well over 50%

12

Smart City Plan for Nagpur

An important requirement of smart city planning is a bottom-up approach and public hearings. During the fact finding mission, it was interesting to observe that Nagpur has adhered quite rigorously to this requirement. A comprehensive engagement strategy was carried out by the city Municipal Corporation to get the best results from citizens for preparation of the Smart City Proposal (SCP).

During the first stage of consultation, an extensive citizen engagement was used for formulating city vision, priority goals and strategies. Different means of citizen engagement were adopted in the form of strategic, social media engagement, pan-city poll and dissemination on media and website. Based on this, some of the top vision themes were identified. Of the 350,000 citizens engaged in the process, nearly 41% expressed their desires to have a clean Nagpur and 30% wanted Nagpur to be green and safe. In terms of priority areas, 46% citizens desired access to recreation and open spaces, whereas 40% of them wanted more job opportunities.