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Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Kinnaridae

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Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Kinnaridae Zoological Studies 40(4): 365-370 (2001) First Record of the Genus Adolenda Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Kinnaridae) from China, with Description of One New Species Ai-Ping Liang Department of Entomology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China Tel: 86-10-62610716. Fax: 86-10-62565689. E-mail: [email protected] (Accepted August 7, 2001) Ai-Ping Liang (2001) First record of the genus Adolenda Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Kinnaridae) from China, with description of one new species. Zoological Studies 40(4): 365-370. Adolenda fuscofasciata sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Kinnaridae) is described and illustrated from Yunnan and Guangxi, southwestern China. This represents the 1st record of the genus Adolenda Distant from China. Scanning electron micro- graphs of the antennal sensilla, rostral apex, and wax glands of the new species are provided. A key for separa- tion of the species of Adolenda is included. http://www.sinica.edu.tw/zool/zoolstud/40.4/365.pdf Key words: Adolenda, Kinnaridae, New species, Antennal sensilla, Wax glands. The planthopper family Kinnaridae was estab- medially into 2 plates, female with 6th-8th abdominal lished by Muir in 1925 and is one of the smallest of tergites chevron shaped, bearing wax-secreting the 20 Fulgoroidea families currently recognized, in- plates; male genitalia with genital plates usually cluding about 17 genera and over 80 described spe- large, aedeagus with apex membranous, connective cies (Metcalf 1945, Emeljanov 1984). The family is forked apically; and female genitalia incomplete. essentially distributed in the Oriental and Neotropical The Kinnaridae was separated by Muir (1925 regions (mainly in the West Indies), with some spe- 1930) from the Cixiidae by reason of their different cies in the Nearctic Region (southwestern US) and male genitalia and the presence in the female of south Palaearctic Region. wax-secreting plates on the 6th-8th abdominal Members of the Kinnaridae can be recognized tergites. The Kinnaridae is grouped with the by the following combination of characters: head Cixiidae, Delphacidae, Achilidae, Meenoplidae, usually small, distinctly narrower than thorax; vertex Dictyopharidae, and Fulgoridae, which all have a row small and narrow, about as long as wide, nearly of spines on the hind tarsomere II in the adults. trough-like and narrower anteriorly; frons longer than Within this family group, Kinnaridae and Meenop- wide, broadest in the middle, lateral margins strongly lidae are considered a sister group, based on the carinate, without median carina; postclypeus possible synapomorphy of the wax-secreting plates tricarinate; ocelli usually 3; antennae small, with on 6th-8th abdominal tergites in adult females (Muir pedicel usually globose, rarely elongate; rostrum 1925 1930, Asche 1988, Emeljanov 1990, Bourgoin long, reaching between hind femur or apex of 1993). Externally the Kinnaridae can be distin- abdomen, apical segment long; pronotum very short, guished from the Meenoplidae by the veins in the much wider than head, with hind margin widely forewing clavus not being granulate. The monophyly emarginate; mesonotum wider than long, tricarinate; of Kinnaridae is not conclusive. Bourgoins (1993) tegulae large; forewings usually elongate, nearly par- cladistic analysis of the phylogenetic relationships allel sided; Sc and R usually forking near middle of among the genera of the Meenoplidae and Kin- wing; R and M with 2 or more branches, claval veins naridae indicates that the Kinnaridae is paraphyletic usually joining near apex, without granulation; legs relative to the Meenoplidae. slender, hind tibia without lateral spine, hind tarso- The biology of the Kinnaridae is little known. mere II with apical spines; abdominal terga divided Most kinnarid species are associated with dicots in 365 366 Zoological Studies 40(4): 365-370 (2001) the Asteridae and Dilleniidae (Fennah 1948). The MATERIALS AND METHODS remaining records are from ferns, gymnosperms in the Ephedraceae, and monocots in the Agavaceae. Specimens studied: All specimens studied in the As adults, most kinnarid species have been reported course of this work are deposited at the Institute of on a single host plant genus (Wilson et al. 1999). Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Adults are generally collected from the upper por- China (IZCAS). tions of plants, but the adults of Oeclidius Van Duzee Terminology: The terminology follows that of have also been found on the roots of their hosts Kramer (1950). (Fennah 1980). Nymphs are subterranean, feeding SEM: For scanning electron microscopy (SEM), on roots (Fennah 1948 1980). the head together with antennae or the abdomen of The kinnarid fauna of China and adjacent areas the adult female was removed from the body and is very poorly known. Only 1 Indian species, Kinnara transferred to 10% KOH for 5 min, cleaned with a fumata Melichar, was recorded from Hubei, China fine brush, then washed in distilled water, mounted (Fennah 1956, Chou et al. 1985). Fennah (1978) de- on aluminum stubs with double-sided sticky tape, air- scribed Kinnara doto Fennah from northern Vietnam. dried at room temperature, and coated with gold-pal- The only comprehensive treatment for Oriental ladium using a sputter coater. Observations were Kinnaridae was that of Distant (1906 1916) dealing made with a JEOL 5200LV and Zeiss DSM 950 scan- with the fauna of India, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar ning electron microscope, operated at accelerating (Burma). Standard revisionary work on this group in voltages of 25 kV. this area is badly needed. The genus Adolenda was described by Distant in 1911 for A. typica Distant from Simla in northern TAXONOMY India. Distant (1916) redescribed and illustrated this genus and species. Dlabola (1957) described the Genus Adolenda Distant, 1911 2nd species of the genus, A. decolorata, from Adolenda Distant, 1911: 740. Type species: Adolenda typica Afghanistan. Both Distant (1911 1916) and Dlabola Distant, 1911, by original designation. (1957) placed Adolenda in the Cixiidae. Emeljanov (1984) moved Adolenda from Cixiidae to Kinnaridae Key to the species of Adolenda based on the wing venation and the presence of the wax gland plates on the 6th-8th abdominal tergites in 1. Forewings with post-discal cell having 3 cross veins ............. ........................................................................... A. ephedrina female adults. He established the new tribe Adolen- Forewings with post-discal cell lacking cross veins............. 2 dini for the genus and added a 3rd species, A. 2. Forewings with costal areas having 6 narrow, oblique fuscous ephedrina Emeljanov, from Tajikistan to the genus. fasciae; mesonotum with nearly parallel lateral carinae ......... He also described the new subgenus Adolina to ac- ......................................................... A. fuscofasciata sp. nov. commodate his new species. Forewings with costal areas lacking oblique fuscous fasciae; mesonotum with oblique lateral carinae .............................. 3 While sorting and identifying Kinnaridae from 3. Hindwings with 2 apical cells, R branched apically .... A. typica material in the Insect Collections of the Institute of Hindwings with 1 apical cell, R unbranched apically .............. Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing ........................................................................... A. decolorata (IZCAS), I found a distinct new species of Adolenda. Specimens of this new species were collected from Adolenda fuscofasciata sp. nov. Yunnan and Guangxi, southwestern China. The new (Figs. 1-21) species represents the 1st record of Adolenda in China, and its discovery has broadened our know- Description: Length (from apex of vertex to tip of ledge of the morphology and biogeography of the forewings): ñ 4.0-4.2 mm; ð 4.5-4.6 mm. General genus. color ochraceous, marked with fuscous or brown; In the present paper I describe the new species vertex (Figs. 1, 10) brown with anterior and lateral Adolenda fuscofasciata sp. nov. and present a key to carinae ochraceous; lateral marginal areas of frons the species of Adolenda. The ultrastructure of the (Fig. 11), area surrounding ocellus on genae (Fig. antennal sensilla, rostral apex, and wax glands of A. 12) and apex of rostrum fuscous, lora (Fig. 12) fuscofasciata sp. nov. was examined with scanning sometimes fuscous; pronotum (Figs. 1, 10) with disc electron microscopy, and scanning electron micro- and anterior 1/2 of lateral ventrally curved area suf- graphs (Figs. 2-8) are provided to draw attention to fused with fuscous or brown; mesonotum (Fig. 1) further future study on these character systems, brown with median and lateral carinae ochraceous; since they may be of phylogenetic significance. tegulae with anterior 1/2 fuscous brown; mesopleu- Liang − Genus Adolenda from China 367 rae and mesosterna fuscous; legs with femora lateral and hind margins carinate leaving disc sometimes pale fuscous, spine pectens on hind tibia depressed, anterior carinate margin very slightly and tarsus brown, tips of apical spines on hind tibia curved posteriad medially, lateral carinate margins and tarsus black; forewings (Figs. 1, 13) subhyaline, slightly converging anteriorly, hind carinate margin costal areas with about 6 narrow, slender, oblique roundedly in males and angularly in females pro- fuscous fasciae, apical cells and areas surrounding duced anteriorly; frons and postclypeus (Figs. 2, 11) veins fuscous brown; hindwings (Fig. 14) pale fuli- with lateral
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