Catalog of the Hispines of the World: Tribe Cephaloleiini Chapuis
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The Beetle Fauna of Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Insecta: Coleoptera): Diversity and Distribution
INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 20, No. 3-4, September-December, 2006 165 The beetle fauna of Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Insecta: Coleoptera): Diversity and distribution Stewart B. Peck Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada stewart_peck@carleton. ca Abstract. The beetle fauna of the island of Dominica is summarized. It is presently known to contain 269 genera, and 361 species (in 42 families), of which 347 are named at a species level. Of these, 62 species are endemic to the island. The other naturally occurring species number 262, and another 23 species are of such wide distribution that they have probably been accidentally introduced and distributed, at least in part, by human activities. Undoubtedly, the actual numbers of species on Dominica are many times higher than now reported. This highlights the poor level of knowledge of the beetles of Dominica and the Lesser Antilles in general. Of the species known to occur elsewhere, the largest numbers are shared with neighboring Guadeloupe (201), and then with South America (126), Puerto Rico (113), Cuba (107), and Mexico-Central America (108). The Antillean island chain probably represents the main avenue of natural overwater dispersal via intermediate stepping-stone islands. The distributional patterns of the species shared with Dominica and elsewhere in the Caribbean suggest stages in a dynamic taxon cycle of species origin, range expansion, distribution contraction, and re-speciation. Introduction windward (eastern) side (with an average of 250 mm of rain annually). Rainfall is heavy and varies season- The islands of the West Indies are increasingly ally, with the dry season from mid-January to mid- recognized as a hotspot for species biodiversity June and the rainy season from mid-June to mid- (Myers et al. -
Chrysomela 43.10-8-04
CHRYSOMELA newsletter Dedicated to information about the Chrysomelidae Report No. 43.2 July 2004 INSIDE THIS ISSUE Fabreries in Fabreland 2- Editor’s Page St. Leon, France 2- In Memoriam—RP 3- In Memoriam—JAW 5- Remembering John Wilcox Statue of 6- Defensive Strategies of two J. H. Fabre Cassidine Larvae. in the garden 7- New Zealand Chrysomelidae of the Fabre 9- Collecting in Sholas Forests Museum, St. 10- Fun With Flea Beetle Feces Leons, France 11- Whither South African Cassidinae Research? 12- Indian Cassidinae Revisited 14- Neochlamisus—Cryptic Speciation? 16- In Memoriam—JGE 16- 17- Fabreries in Fabreland 18- The Duckett Update 18- Chrysomelidists at ESA: 2003 & 2004 Meetings 19- Recent Chrysomelid Literature 21- Email Address List 23- ICE—Phytophaga Symposium 23- Chrysomela Questionnaire See Story page 17 Research Activities and Interests Johan Stenberg (Umeå Univer- Duane McKenna (Harvard Univer- Eduard Petitpierre (Palma de sity, Sweden) Currently working on sity, USA) Currently studying phyloge- Mallorca, Spain) Interested in the cy- coevolutionary interactions between ny, ecological specialization, population togenetics, cytotaxonomy and chromo- the monophagous leaf beetles, Altica structure, and speciation in the genus somal evolution of Palearctic leaf beetles engstroemi and Galerucella tenella, and Cephaloleia. Needs Arescini and especially of chrysomelines. Would like their common host plant Filipendula Cephaloleini in ethanol, especially from to borrow or exchange specimens from ulmaria (meadow sweet) in a Swedish N. Central America and S. America. Western Palearctic areas. Archipelago. Amanda Evans (Harvard University, Maria Lourdes Chamorro-Lacayo Stefano Zoia (Milan, Italy) Inter- USA) Currently working on a phylogeny (University of Minnesota, USA) Cur- ested in Old World Eumolpinae and of Leptinotarsa to study host use evolu- rently a graduate student working on Mediterranean Chrysomelidae (except tion. -
The Phyllotaxy of Costus (Costaceae)
BOT. GAZ. 151(1):88-105. 1990. © 1990 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 0006-8071 /90/5101-0010$02.00 THE PHYLLOTAXY OF COSTUS (COSTACEAE) BRUCE K. KIRCHOFF AND ROLF RUTISHAUSER Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412 -5001; and Botanischer Garten, University Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland The spiromonostichous phyllotaxy of Costus, and other Costaceae, is characterized by low divergence angles, often as low as (30°—) 50°. This constrasts with the main series Fibonacci (divergence angles ap - proximating 137.5°) or distichous phyllotaxy found in all other Zingiberales. A morphological and devel- opmental study of three species of Costus revealed a number of facts about this unusual phyllotactic pattern. In C. scaber and C. woodsonii the divergence angles gradually change along a shoot, from 140 °-100° in the region of the cataphylls to 60°-45° in the inflorescence. In C. cuspidatus, the divergence angles change from 40°-100° in the cataphyll region to ca. 137 ° in the inflorescence. In all three species, the cataphylls and foliage leaves have tubular sheaths, while the inflorescence bracts are nonsheathing. Thus, spiromo - nostichy is only loosely correlated with closed leaf sheaths. Kirchoff, B. K. and R. Rutishauser. 1990. The phyllotaxy of Costus (Costaceae). Botanical Gazette 151: 88-105. Made available courtesy of University of Chicago Press: http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/337808 Introduction anists, (2) to present new data on the gradual change in divergence angles along aerial shoots, (3) to in- HOFMEISTER (1868) noted that, in normal phyl- vestigate developmental and anatomical features lotactic systems, leaf primordia at the apex appear correlated with the gradual change in divergence as far as possible from each other. -
Rich Zingiberales
RESEARCH ARTICLE INVITED SPECIAL ARTICLE For the Special Issue: The Tree of Death: The Role of Fossils in Resolving the Overall Pattern of Plant Phylogeny Building the monocot tree of death: Progress and challenges emerging from the macrofossil- rich Zingiberales Selena Y. Smith1,2,4,6 , William J. D. Iles1,3 , John C. Benedict1,4, and Chelsea D. Specht5 Manuscript received 1 November 2017; revision accepted 2 May PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Inclusion of fossils in phylogenetic analyses is necessary in order 2018. to construct a comprehensive “tree of death” and elucidate evolutionary history of taxa; 1 Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of however, such incorporation of fossils in phylogenetic reconstruction is dependent on the Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA availability and interpretation of extensive morphological data. Here, the Zingiberales, whose 2 Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, familial relationships have been difficult to resolve with high support, are used as a case study MI 48109, USA to illustrate the importance of including fossil taxa in systematic studies. 3 Department of Integrative Biology and the University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA METHODS: Eight fossil taxa and 43 extant Zingiberales were coded for 39 morphological seed 4 Program in the Environment, University of Michigan, Ann characters, and these data were concatenated with previously published molecular sequence Arbor, MI 48109, USA data for analysis in the program MrBayes. 5 School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Section of Plant Biology and the Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA KEY RESULTS: Ensete oregonense is confirmed to be part of Musaceae, and the other 6 Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]) seven fossils group with Zingiberaceae. -
Vase Life of Floral and Vegetative Stems of Costaceae(1)
MARCOS ANTONIO DA SILVA JÚNIOR et. al 443 SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE Vase life of floral and vegetative stems of Costaceae(1) MARCOS ANTONIO DA SILVA JÚNIOR(2), PETTERSON BAPTISTA DA LUZ(2)*, CAROLINA DE FARIA CABRAL PAES PEREIRA E BARROS(2), CAROLINA MOREIRA DE MEDEIROS(2) ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the vase life of floral and vegetative stems of Costaceae and describe their morphological characteristics. To evaluate the vase life of floral and vegetative stems, four and six species were used, respectively. Three cutting stages were established for floral stems. Stems were cut a few days before flower opening at stage 1, upon opening of the first flower(s) (anthesis) at stage 2, and when floral stems showed more than 15 opened flowers at stage 3. However, only two different stages were applied for each species. Floral stems were standardized with 50 cm in length, while vegetative stems were standardized with 70 cm in length. The morphological characteristics determined for floral stems included diameter of the floral stem, length of inflorescence, diameter of inflorescence and fresh mass of floral stem. For vegetative stems, we considered diameter and fresh mass. After the first evaluation, stems were maintained at 22 ºC and 53% of humidity. The total number of post-harvest days (global longevity) in which the quality of floral and vegetative stems was acceptable were evaluated. The highest vase life for floral stems at stage 1 was observed for Costus woodsoni, Costus arabicus x Costus spiralis (Costus Tropicales), and Costus scaber. Hellenia speciosa showed higher vase life at stage 3. -
The Evolutionary and Biogeographic Origin and Diversification of the Tropical Monocot Order Zingiberales
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 22 | Issue 1 Article 49 2006 The volutE ionary and Biogeographic Origin and Diversification of the Tropical Monocot Order Zingiberales W. John Kress Smithsonian Institution Chelsea D. Specht Smithsonian Institution; University of California, Berkeley Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Kress, W. John and Specht, Chelsea D. (2006) "The vE olutionary and Biogeographic Origin and Diversification of the Tropical Monocot Order Zingiberales," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 22: Iss. 1, Article 49. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/49 Zingiberales MONOCOTS Comparative Biology and Evolution Excluding Poales Aliso 22, pp. 621-632 © 2006, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden THE EVOLUTIONARY AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN AND DIVERSIFICATION OF THE TROPICAL MONOCOT ORDER ZINGIBERALES W. JOHN KRESS 1 AND CHELSEA D. SPECHT2 Department of Botany, MRC-166, United States National Herbarium, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA 1Corresponding author ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Zingiberales are a primarily tropical lineage of monocots. The current pantropical distribution of the order suggests an historical Gondwanan distribution, however the evolutionary history of the group has never been analyzed in a temporal context to test if the order is old enough to attribute its current distribution to vicariance mediated by the break-up of the supercontinent. Based on a phylogeny derived from morphological and molecular characters, we develop a hypothesis for the spatial and temporal evolution of Zingiberales using Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis (DIVA) combined with a local molecular clock technique that enables the simultaneous analysis of multiple gene loci with multiple calibration points. -
Costus Species in the Upper Manú Region
Costus species in the Upper Manú Region Prepared by David L. Skinner, Email: [email protected] January 12, 2013 This is a description of the Costus species that are known to occur in Amazonian Peru, and possibly to be found in the upper Manú region. In 1972 and 1977 Dr. Paul Maas published a monograph on new world Costus in the New York Botanical Garden Flora Neotropica series. The species descriptions below are taken primarily from his monograph and from three new species descriptions in 1990, but also from my own observations from many field trips in Central and South America looking for Costus. For example, I have found that many Costus species can flower either as a basal inflorescence on a leafless or nearly leafless shoot, or terminally on leafy shoot, so I have dismissed this as a determinative character. I have also found many plants that do not fit well with any named species, and found that the range and diversity of some species is much wider than previously reported. Costus can be classified for identification purposes into four main groupings: Group I: Bracts with foliacious green or red appendages or reflexed appices and flowers closed/tubular. Group II: Bracts with foliacious green or red appendages or reflexed appices and flowers open/spreading. Group III: Bracts not appendaged (or only lowest bracts appendaged) and flowers closed/tubular. Group IV: Bracts not appendaged (or only lowest bracts appendaged) and flowers open/spreading. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Costus vargasii - Group I This species is widely cultivated, sometimes sold in US horticulture under the name Costus 'Raspberry Yogurt'. -
Limited Tolerance by Insects to High Temperatures Across Tropical Elevational Gradients and the Implications of Global Warming for Extinction
Limited tolerance by insects to high temperatures across tropical elevational gradients and the implications of global warming for extinction Carlos García-Robledoa,b,1, Erin K. Kuprewicza, Charles L. Stainesb, Terry L. Erwinb, and W. John Kressa aDepartment of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012; and bDepartment of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012 Edited by Douglas Futuyma, and approved November 24, 2015 (received for review April 20, 2015) The critical thermal maximum (CTmax), the temperature at which will be more tolerant to high temperatures than species at higher motor control is lost in animals, has the potential to determine if elevations (10). One potential exception for this pattern is the ec- species will tolerate global warming. For insects, tolerance to high totherms present in tropical alpine ecosystems, which will experience temperatures decreases with latitude, suggesting that similar pat- extreme high and low temperatures during the day and night (11). terns may exist along elevational gradients as well. This study ex- Species distributions are not necessarily restricted to one discrete life plored how CTmax varies among species and populations of a group zone, and it is unclear how tolerance to high temperatures changes of diverse tropical insect herbivores, the rolled-leaf beetles, across among insect populations for species present at multiple elevations. both broad and narrow elevational gradients. Data from 6,948 field To determine how tolerance of insect herbivores to high tem- observations and 8,700 museum specimens were used to map the peratures varies along elevational gradients, the following bio- elevational distributions of rolled-leaf beetles on two mountains in geographic, taxonomic, and physiological information should be Costa Rica. -
How to Label Plant Structures with Doubtful Or Mixed Identities? Zootaxa
Plant structure ontology: How should we label plant structures with doubtful or mixed identities?* By: BRUCE K. KIRCHOFF†, EVELIN PFEIFER‡, and ROLF RUTISHAUSER§ Kirchoff, B. K., E. Pfeifer, and R. Rutishauser. (Dec. 2008) Plant Structure Ontology: How to label plant structures with doubtful or mixed identities? Zootaxa. 1950, 103-122. Made available courtesy of ELSEVIER: http://www.elsevier.com/ ***Note: Figures may be missing from this format of the document Abstract: This paper discusses problems with labelling plant structures in the context of attempts to create a unified Plant Structure Ontology. Special attention is given to structures with mixed, or doubtful identities that are difficult or even impossible to label with a single term. In various vascular plants (and some groups of animals) the structural categories for the description of forms are less distinct than is often supposed. Thus, there are morphological misfits that do not fit exactly into one or the other category and to which it is difficult, or even impossible, to apply a categorical name. After presenting three case studies of intermediate organs and organs whose identity is in doubt, we review five approaches to categorizing plant organs, and evaluate the potential of each to serve as a general reference system for gene annotations. The five approaches are (1) standardized vocabularies, (2) labels based on developmental genetics, (3) continuum morphology, (4) process morphology, (5) character cladograms. While all of these approaches have important domains of applicability, we conclude that process morphology is the one most suited to gene annotation. Article: INTRODUCTION For practical investigation of morphology and phylogeny reconstruction, most botanists still work with metaphors or concepts that view morphological characters as “frozen in time,” as static “slices” of a continuous process. -
The Beetle Tree of Life Reveals That Coleoptera Survived End-Permian Mass Extinction to Diversify During the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution
Systematic Entomology (2015), 40, 835–880 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12132 The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution DUANE D. MCKENNA1,2, ALEXANDER L. WILD3,4, KOJUN , KANDA4,5, CHARLES L. BELLAMY6 †, ROLF G. BEUTEL7, MICHAEL S. CATERINO8, CHARLES W. FARNUM2,DAVIDC. HAWKS9, MICHAEL A. IVIE10, MARY LIZ JAMESON11, RICHARD A. B. LESCHEN12, ADRIANA E. MARVALDI13,14, JOSEPH V. MCHUGH15, ALFRED F. NEWTON16, JAMES A. ROBERTSON4,15, MARGARET K. THAYER16, MICHAEL F. WHITING17, JOHN F. LAWRENCE18,ADAM SLIPI´ NSKI´ 18, DAVID R. MADDISON4,5 and BRIAN D. FARRELL2 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, U.S.A., 2Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., 3Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, U.S.A., 4Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A., 5Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A., 6California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A., 7Institute of Systematic Zoology and Evolutionary Biology with Phyletic Museum, University of Jena, Jena, Germany, 8School of Agricultural, Forest and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, U.S.A., 9Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, U.S.A., 10Department of Entomology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, U.S.A., 11Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, U.S.A., -
Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene Ndhf Thomas J
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 22 | Issue 1 Article 4 2006 Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene ndhF Thomas J. Givnish University of Wisconsin-Madison J. Chris Pires University of Wisconsin-Madison; University of Missouri Sean W. Graham University of British Columbia Marc A. McPherson University of Alberta; Duke University Linda M. Prince Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Gardens See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Givnish, Thomas J.; Pires, J. Chris; Graham, Sean W.; McPherson, Marc A.; Prince, Linda M.; Patterson, Thomas B.; Rai, Hardeep S.; Roalson, Eric H.; Evans, Timothy M.; Hahn, William J.; Millam, Kendra C.; Meerow, Alan W.; Molvray, Mia; Kores, Paul J.; O'Brien, Heath W.; Hall, Jocelyn C.; Kress, W. John; and Sytsma, Kenneth J. (2006) "Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene ndhF," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 22: Iss. 1, Article 4. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/4 Phylogenetic Relationships of Monocots Based on the Highly Informative Plastid Gene ndhF Authors Thomas J. Givnish, J. Chris Pires, Sean W. Graham, Marc A. McPherson, Linda M. Prince, Thomas B. Patterson, Hardeep S. Rai, Eric H. Roalson, Timothy M. Evans, William J. Hahn, Kendra C. Millam, Alan W. Meerow, Mia Molvray, Paul J. Kores, Heath W. O'Brien, Jocelyn C. Hall, W. John Kress, and Kenneth J. Sytsma This article is available in Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/ 4 Aliso 22, pp. -
Temporal Dynamics of Arthropods on Six Tree Species in Dry Woodlands on the Caribbean Island of Puerto Rico William Beltra´N1,2,3,4 and Joseph M
Journal of Insect Science RESEARCH Temporal Dynamics of Arthropods on Six Tree Species in Dry Woodlands on the Caribbean Island of Puerto Rico William Beltra´n1,2,3,4 and Joseph M. Wunderle Jr.2 1Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931-3360 2International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Sabana Field Research Station, HC 02 Box 6205, Luquillo, PR 00773 3Present address: Department of Natural Sciences, University of the Pacific, A.A 10299, Buenaventura, Colombia 4Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Subject Editor: Nadir Erbilgin J. Insect Sci. 14(199): 2014; DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu061 ABSTRACT. The seasonal dynamics of foliage arthropod populations are poorly studied in tropical dry forests despite the importance of these studies for understanding arthropod population responses to environmental change. We monitored the abundance, temporal dis- tributions, and body size of arthropods in five naturalized alien and one native tree species to characterize arthropod seasonality in dry Downloaded from novel Prosopis–Leucaena woodlands in Puerto Rico. A branch clipping method was used monthly to sample foliage arthropod abun- dance over 39 mo. Seasonal patterns of rainfall and abundance within various arthropod taxa were highly variable from year to year. Abundance for most taxa did not show significant seasonality over the 3 yr, although most taxa had abundance peaks each year. However, Homoptera displayed high seasonality with significant temporal aggregations in each year. Formicidae, Orthoptera, and Coleoptera showed high variation in abundance between wet and dry periods, whereas Hemiptera were consistently more abundant in the wet period. Seasonal differences in mean abundance were found only in a few taxa on Tamarindus indica L., Bucida buceras L., http://jinsectscience.oxfordjournals.org/ Pithecellobium dulce, and (Roxburgh) Benth.