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Weimar Republic Treaty of Versailles – Weimar Republic The new German government People blamed the leaders of The terms of the Treaty of was forced to sign a peace the new German republic for Versailles: Blame - Germany settlement called the Treaty of signing it. They were labelled was forced to accept the blame _________________ . The the ‘____________________ ’ for starting the war under treaty punished Germany because they surrendered in article 231 of the treaty, known militarily, territorially and November 1918 and were seen as the financially. as _______________ to their _________________ country. ________________. The terms of the Treaty of The terms of the Treaty of The terms of the Treaty of Versailles: Reparations - This Versailles: Armed Forces – Versailles: Territory - Germany was the name given to the Army limited to ____________, lost 13% of it’s European ___________ Germany had to all planes destroyed and no air ________________as well as pay for the damage suffered by force allowed. Germany Navy 11 of its overseas Britain and France during the limited to six battleships and no ______________ (other war. In 1922 the amount to be _______________. countries under Germany’s paid was set at control). £_____________. Why did the Germans resent Why did the Germans resent Why did the Germans resent the Treaty? – Germany had not the Treaty? – ‘War Guilt’ the Treaty? – The huge ben allowed a part in the _________________ – _______________. Germany _____________– the Treaty Germany wasn’t the only was being punished. Harsh was a ______________. country that started the First measures caused Germany’s World War. economy to ______________. traitors money 100,000 6.6 billion War Guilt Clause reparations submarines territory November criminals Versailles colonies negotiations Article 231 collapse Diktat The early growth of the Nazi Party, 1920-1923 In 1919, Anton Drexler formed At this meeting Hitler made a When Hitler spoke his main the German Workers Party powerful speech and he was talking points were the disgust (DAP) in B__________. Hitler invited to join the party. He was at the Treaty of Versailles, his was sent on behalf of the army soon made responsible for hatred of W___________ and to r__________ on one of their p__________. anti Communist-Jewish meetings. messages. In February Hitler and Drexler People flocked to join the Nazi As leader Hitler adopted the wrote the Twenty-Five Point Party and the n___________ s_____________ as the P_____________. This listed was started up. Hitler became emblem of the party and began the party’s main ideas and the leader in 1921. using the party then became known as one armed NSDAP – Nazi. S________. Political meetings in Munich Known as a B______________ In the early 1920s the Nazi (Bavaria) often generated the SA were the Nazi party’s party was only a r___________ violence. To protect Nazi private army. They would party but Hitler wanted to push speakers, a protection squad disrupt other party’s meetings to become a n____________ known as the S____ was set up. organisation. SA swastika propaganda Programme Weimar Brownshirts salute Bavaria newspaper report regional national Munich Putsch and the aftermath – Nazi Germany Munich Putsch - A failed Why? Hitler hoped to copy Why? The Weimar Republic attempt in November ________ M____________________- the was in crisis due to by Hitler to overthrow the Italian fascist leader - who had h_______________. government of the come to power in Italy in 1922 W______________________. by marching on R_________. Why? By 1923, the Nazi party Hitler and 3000 supporters Consequences: The Nazi party had ____________ members marched on M______________ was b____________ and Hitler and was stronger than ever town centre to declare himself was prevented from speaking in before. president of Germany. The public until __________. group was met by state police. There was a short fight and s_______ SA members were killed. Hitler was arrested t______ days later. Consequences: Hitler was tried Consequences: During his time Hitler realised that he would for t_________________ in prison, he wrote ‘_________ never come to power by (betraying his country) and ________’ . This book became a r_______________ and that he sentenced to five years in bestseller when published – it would have use prison. outlined his political ideas and d________________ means, so his views on Jews. he reorganised the party to enable it to take part in elections. Mussolini two Rome democratic banned sixteen 55,000 hyperinflation 1927 1923 high treason Weimar Republic revolution Munich Mein Kampf Recovery 1923-29–Weimar Germany From 1923-1929, Germany’s 1923 – Stresemann introduced 1924 – In August 1924, The economy showed signs of a new currency called the R____________ was given recovery although there were R______________ in November control of the Rentenmark and still problems. 1923. It helped to stabilise the renamed it the G________________________, currency and the Germany R________________. It’s value the new chancellor, played an people showed confidence in it. was backed by gold which important role. gradually restored the value of German money. 1924-1930 – US loans, 1925 Locarno Pact – Germany 1925 – Stresemann negotiated particularly, the D__________ agreed to new border with Germany’s entry into the P_______- a plan designed to France. The Locarno Pact L_________________________ help Germany pay its helped to improve relations . This meant that Germany was reparations. Instalments were with Britain and France. It recognised as a great power reduced to £_____________ a guaranteed borders with once again. year. This greatly helped B____________, France and German industry. I___________. 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact – 1929 Young Plan – Reduced Germany was accepted by Germany was one of ___ total reparations to other countries, but German countries that agreed to settle £_______________ and n_______________ hated the disputes p_______________. It payments could be made over a Dawes and Young Plans and helped other countries to trust longer time. Lower reparations were against having to pay Germany more. meant lower t________ for r______________ at all. German people. Rentenmark nationalists Reichsbank reparations Gustav Stresemann 2 million Belgium 62 Dawes Plan 50 million Reichsmark peacefully League of Nations taxes Italy Changes in society 1924-1929 These years saw an German workers saw an The government encouraged improvement it the increase in r_______ wages. the building of more s______________ of living. German workers were some of h___________. In the late the best paid in Europe. Many 1920s more than t_____ million middle class people did not homes were built. benefit. Homelessness was reduced. I___________ to support Women over 20 were allowed Women also enjoyed more people when they became to vote. Women were deputies freedom. They went out unemployed was developed in the R__________ and were unescorted, drank and and other changes helped getting equal pay to men in s__________ in public. single mothers and the some jobs. More women began disabled. to work outside the h_______. A______ developed as artists It was a Golden Age of The B__________ movement during the Weimar period c_______. Literature and encouraged building in basic wanted to paint showing theatre also flourished. shapes and colours. The style of everyday life because they architecture was very different wanted to be # to before the war. understood by o__________ people. Insurance real two ordinary home Bauhaus Art standard smoked Reichstag cinema housing Growth in support 1929-32 – Weimar Germany Weimar problems – the Weimar Weimar problems – the Weimar Weimar problems – the Weimar government was weak and had government refused to print government cut not solved the more money for fear of creating __________________________ ________________ problems. an ________________ crisis which was unpopular. like that of _______. Weimar problems – many Rise of Nazis – The Rise of Nazis – the uniformed Germans were unhappy with ____________________, led to SA (______________________) the Weimar Republic. With no mass unemployment which made the Nazis seem strong. __________, and benefits cut, allowed the Nazis to get their The SA disrupted opposition families suffered terrible message across. from other ________________ ________________. parties. Rise of Nazis – Hitler promised Rise of Nazis – Hitler was Rise of Nazis – Hitler appealed to restore __________and popular and featured on their to all sectors of _____________. ______________, and travelled ________________ in one way the country to make election or another – he promised the _____________. __________________________ that he could give them work and food. work depression inflation order economic posters 1923 society Stormtroopers speeches unemployment benefit law political working classes poverty Reichstag Fire and the Enabling Act 1933 – Nazi Germany In March 1933 a Dutch Hitler used the fire to persuade Hitler also persuaded communist set fire to President __________________ Hindenburg to call an the_______________. Hitler to pass an emergency law _____________ in order to used this opportunity to accuse restricting personal liberty. This secure more the ________________ party of enabled him to imprison many ___________seats. conspiracy against the communist leaders. government. The Nazi party managed to This gave Hitler enough seats to The Enabling Act (The Law for secure ______________ of the change the constitution and removing the Distress of the seats by using
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