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Final Report Jakarta Floods January 2013, April

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Final Report Jakarta Floods January 2013, April JOINT COOPERATION PROGRAMME Component D2: Flood Early Warning System Document D2.7 Final report Jakarta Floods January 2013 April 2013 Project: 1201430.000 Client: Water Mondiaal Partners for Water Royal Netherlands Embassy in Jakarta Period: January 2011 – March 2013 Main Report GOI – GON Jakarta Floods January 2013 Flood Hazard Mapping (FHM) Joint Cooperation Program (JCP) Deltares, HKV PusAir, RHDHV BBWS Ciliwung – Cisadane Dinas PU DKI Integrated GOI-GON Delta approach April 2013 FHM – Emergency Assistance – Flood January 2013 Joint Cooperation Program (JCP) Jakarta Floods January 2013 Final Report Prepared for: Royal Embassy of the Netherlands Ministry of Public Works, Indonesia (PU) Jakarta Floods January 2013 Main Report April 2013 a 1207961 Jakarta Floods January 2013 1207961 April 2013 Main Report Contents 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Jakarta Emergency assistance................................................................. 1 1.2 Purpose of this report ............................................................................... 1 2 Description of the January 2013 floods ............................................................ 3 2.1 Wet season 2012 – 2013 .......................................................................... 3 2.2 Wet period January 15 – 18, 2013 ........................................................... 5 2.3 Inundation of Pluit polder .......................................................................... 5 th th 2.3.1 January 10 till January 17 – high rainfall in the upstream Ciliwung Catchment and the city of Jakarta ................................. 5 th 2.3.2 January 17 – Overtopping of the BKB and flooding of the City ............................................................................................... 7 th th 2.3.3 January 17 till January 24 – Inundation of pluit ....................... 9 2.4 Preliminary analysis – Conditions leading to Pluit flooding ....................12 2.4.1 Discharge of the Ciliwung ..........................................................12 2.4.2 Overtopping of the Banjir Kanal Barat .......................................13 2.4.3 Inundation of Melati, Cideng and Pluit polders ..........................15 3 Identification of Urgent Flood Measures ........................................................18 3.1 Identification of measures .......................................................................18 3.2 Diverting flow from the Ciliwung .............................................................18 3.2.1 Ciliwung – BKT diversion ...........................................................19 3.2.2 New flood strategy for the Ciliwung – BKB system ...................20 3.2.3 Katu Lampa – Cisadane diversion .............................................21 3.3 Ciliwung-BKT diversion...........................................................................21 3.3.1 Introduction .................................................................................21 3.3.2 Improvements required at the BKT and Cipinang .....................23 3.3.3 Diversion capacities ...................................................................24 3.3.4 Effect of diversions on Ciliwung and Banjir Kanal Timur water levels ................................................................................25 3.3.5 Towards “equal distribution” .......................................................28 3.3.6 Prefer ability of alternative..........................................................29 3.4 Katu Lampa – Cisadane diversion .........................................................30 4 Flood information at BNPB and BPBD Jakarta..............................................33 4.1 Pusdalops at Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) .........33 4.2 Pusdalops at Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) .......35 4.3 Information and coordination meetings ..................................................35 4.4 Problems identified by BPBD, BNPB .....................................................36 5 National FMIS for Disaster Management ........................................................37 5.1 Background .............................................................................................37 Deltares, HKV, PusAir , RHDHV i Jakarta Floods January 2013 1207961 April 2013 Main Report 5.2 FMIS architecture ...................................................................................37 5.3 Client applications ...................................................................................39 5.3.1 Customized Dashboard of FMIS information .............................39 5.3.2 Supports crowd sourcing functions ............................................40 5.3.3 Supports data entry by SMS or other web-apps ........................40 5.3.4 Supports internal communication ...............................................40 5.3.5 Produces impuls upon exceedance of thresholds .....................40 5.3.6 Support downloads and onwards communication of FMIS information ..................................................................................40 5.3.7 Supports registration and access management by an information manager ..................................................................40 5.4 Web services ..........................................................................................40 5.4.1 Data request processes .............................................................40 5.4.2 Communication processes .........................................................41 5.5 Webserver ...............................................................................................41 5.5.1 Data gathering processes ..........................................................41 5.5.2 Other server tasks ......................................................................41 6 Emergency Assistance Development .............................................................42 6.1 Customized visualization of FMIS information: ......................................42 6.1.1 Planar Application ......................................................................42 6.1.2 Water Map Application ...............................................................43 6.1.3 Web service ................................................................................44 6.1.4 Webserver ..................................................................................44 6.2 Impulse upon exceedance of threshold ..................................................44 6.3 Crowd sourcing from Twitter ...................................................................44 6.3.1 Web service ................................................................................45 6.3.2 Webserver ..................................................................................45 6.4 Data entry by SMS for Flood map ..........................................................45 6.4.1 BPBD expands their SMS Gateway...........................................45 6.4.2 HKV receiving text messages ....................................................46 7 Testing of the Twitter Map................................................................................47 7.1 5 February inundations ...........................................................................47 7.2 5 March inundations ...............................................................................48 7.3 18 April inundations ................................................................................50 A Generation of rainfall maps for Melati, Cideng and Pluit .............................53 B Creating the flood depth map ..........................................................................58 C Technical documentation .................................................................................64 D Meeting Minutes BNPB/ BPBD ........................................................................70 E Presentation Soft Soil Tunneling in Urban Areas .........................................74 Deltares, HKV, PusAir , RHDHV ii Jakarta Floods January 2013 1207961 April 2013 Main Report 1 Introduction 1.1 Jakarta Emergency assistance During 15 till 18 January 2013 Jakarta and Bogor areas experienced heavy rain leading to several high river waves entering and flowing through Jakarta. On January 17 one of the river banks of the Western Flood Channel (Banjir Kanal Barat, BKB) could not withstand the permanent high water levels and collapsed over a length of 76 meter. As a result for about a day water from BKB entered the city with a rate of about 100 m 3/s. At the same time heavy rains (over 150 mm/day) pounded the city and this combination resulted in very heavy flooding in the Thamrin, Menteng, Pluit areas of Jakarta. The heavy rainstorm also caused overflowing of the Angke and Pesanggrahan river causing considerable flooding in the north western parts of the city. To a lesser extent also the north eastern areas experienced flooding due to local rainfall. No flooding appeared in the south eastern areas where the rain waters were safely transported to the sea through the new Eastern Flood Channel (Banjir Kanal Timur, BKT). On the 19th of January most of the floods in the central parts of Jakarta already receded, but many Northern areas remained flooded for several days. Especially the Pluit area was severely affected by the floods and remained flooded for over 10 days. The Royal Netherlands Embassy (RNE) and the Ministry of
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