DOCSLIB.ORG

2017000001553.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2017000001553.Pdf EVALUACIÓN DE MICROORGANISMOS, ENMIENDAS ORGÁNICAS Y SUSTANCIAS NATURALES PARA EL CONTROL BIOLÓGICO DE LA VERTICILOSIS EN OLIVO TESIS DOCTORAL ÁNGELA VARO SUÁREZ TITULO: EVALUACIÓN DE ENMIENDAS ORGÁNICAS, MICROORGANISMOS Y PRODUCTOS NATURALES PARA EL CONTROL BIOLÓGICO DE LA VERTICILOSIS EN OLIVO AUTOR: Ángela Varo Suarez © Edita: UCOPress. 2017 Campus de Rabanales Ctra. Nacional IV, Km. 396 A 14071 Córdoba www.uco.es/publicaciones [email protected] ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA Y DE MONTES. DEPARTAMENTO DE AGRONOMÍA Programa de Doctorado en Ingeniería Agraria, Alimentaria, Forestal y de Desarrollo Rural Sostenible EVALUACIÓN DE ENMIENDAS ORGÁNICAS, MICROORGANISMOS Y PRODUCTOS NATURALES PARA EL CONTROL BIOLÓGICO DE LA VERTICILOSIS EN OLIVO (EVALUATION OF ORGANIC AMENDMENTS, MICROORGANISMS, AND NATURAL PRODUCTS FOR THE CONTROL OF VERTICILLIUM WILT IN OLIVE) Memoria de Tesis para aspirar al grado de Doctor con Mención Internacional por la Universidad de Córdoba por la Ingeniera Agrónoma Ángela Varo Suárez Director: Dr. Antonio Trapero Casas Córdoba, Noviembre 2016 TÍTULO DE LA TESIS: Evaluación de enmiendas orgánicas, microorganismos y productos naturales para el control biológico de la Verticilosis en olivo. DOCTORANDO/A: Ángela Varo Suárez INFORME RAZONADO DEL/DE LOS DIRECTOR/ES DE LA TESIS (se hará mención a la evolución y desarrollo de la tesis, así como a trabajos y publicaciones derivados de la misma). La doctoranda Ángela Varo Suárez ha realizado satisfactoriamente y en los plazos previstos el trabajo presentado en esta Tesis Doctoral. A lo largo de su investigación, la doctoranda ha contribuido con diversas aportaciones de interés para la comunidad científica respecto al control de la Verticilosis del olivo mediante control biológico, así como la identificación de potenciales tratamientos biológicos. Además de la importancia científica, este trabajo aporta información aplicable en el control de esta enfermedad y representa el principio de una prometedora línea de investigación en el grupo de Patología Vegetal de la Universidad de Córdoba para el control de esta enfermedad. La estancia internacional realizada en el Institute of Environmental Biotechnology de la Universidad Tecnológica de Graz (Austria), bajo la tutela de la Profesora Gabriele Berg, ha permitido a la doctoranda ampliar su formación mediante el aprendizaje de técnicas de microscopía confocal para el seguimiento de los agentes de control biológico en distintos tejidos de la planta huésped. Además, la estancia le ha permitido profundizar en el estudio de las bacterias colonizadoras de la rizosfera de plantas. Como fruto de esta estancia, se ha logrado una publicación en la revista internacional Plant and Soil. El trabajo realizado en el Departamento de Agronomía de la Universidad de Córdoba por Ángela Varo Suárez queda reflejado en varias contribuciones relacionadas con el control biológico de la Verticilosis en el olivo en las cuales consta como primera autora: cuatro artículos en revistas de prestigio científico indexadas en la base de datos JCR, tres de ellos ya publicados y el cuarto aceptado y en prensa. Además, de un quinto artículo que ha sido enviado para su publicación. Asimismo, ha presentado cinco comunicaciones a cuatro congresos internacionales y cuatro a tres congresos nacionales. Además, ha participado en otras actividades de extensión y divulgación de los resultados obtenidos, así como en dos publicaciones y dos comunicaciones a congresos de las que es coautora. Además, la doctoranda ha sido codirectora durante este periodo de un proyecto de fin de carrera. Esta codirección le ha permitido transmitir sus conocimientos a otros estudiantes en formación. Por todo ello, se autoriza la presentación de la Tesis Doctoral. Córdoba, 2 de Noviembre de 2016 Fdo.: Antonio Trapero Casas Director de la Tesis doctoral Mención de Doctorado Internacional Esta tesis cumple los requisitos establecidos por la Universidad de Córdoba para la obtención del Título de Doctor con Mención Internacional: - Estancia internacional predoctoral de 3 meses (25 junio 2014 – 26 Septiembre 2014) en la Universidad Tecnológica de Graz (Austria), Institute of Environmental Biotechnology. Supervisor: Dr.rer.nat Gabriele Berg. Head of the Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Section of Plant Pathology and Antagonistic microorganisms. - La tesis cuenta con el informe previo de dos doctores externos con experiencia acreditada pertenecientes a alguna institución de educación superior o instituto de investigación distinto de España: . Dr. Themis J. Michailides, Kearney Agricultural Research & Extension Center, University of California, EEUU. Dr. José A. Pereira, Escola Superior Agrária de Bragança (ESA), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal. - Un doctor perteneciente a alguna institución de educación superior o centro de investigación no español forma parte del tribunal evaluador de la tesis: . Dra. Paula Baptista, Departamento Biología e Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal. - Parte de la Tesis Doctoral se ha redactado y se presentará en dos idiomas, castellano e inglés. La doctoranda Fdo: Ángela Varo Suárez Tesis por compendio de artículos Esta tesis cumple el requisito establecido por la Universidad de Córdoba para su presentación como compendio de artículos, consistente en un mínimo de 3 artículos publicados o aceptados en revistas incluidas en los tres primeros cuartiles de la relación de revistas del ámbito de la especialidad y referenciadas en la última relación publicada por el Journal Citations Report (SCI): 1. Varo A, Moral J, Lozano-Tóvar MD, Trapero A. 2016a. Development and validation of an inoculation method to assess the efficacy of biological treatments against Verticillium wilt in olive trees. BioControl 61(3): 283-292. Datos de 2016(JCR): índice de impacto 1.767, posición 20/47 y 1º cuartil en el área temática de Entomología. 2. Varo A, Raya‐Ortega MC, Trapero A. 2016b. Enhanced production of microsclerotia in recalcitrant Verticillium dahliae isolates and its use for inoculation of olive plants. Journal of Applied Microbiology 121(2): 473-484. Datos de 2016 (JCR): índice de impacto 2.156, posición 78/161 y 2º cuartil en el área temática de Biotecnología y Microbiología Aplicada. 3. Varo A, Raya‐Ortega MC, Trapero A. 2016c. Selection and evaluation of microorganisms for biocontrol of Verticillium dahliae in olive. Journal of applied Microbiology 121: 767-777. Datos de 2016 (JCR): índice de impacto 2.156, posición 78/161 y 2º cuartil en el área temática de Biotecnología y Microbiología Aplicada. La doctoranda Fdo: Ángela Varo Suárez Los trabajos incluidos en esta tesis doctoral han sido parcialmente subvencionados por el contrato (CON 129/11) entre la Universidad de Córdoba y la Interprofesional del Aceite de Oliva Español, el proyecto de excelencia P08- AGR-03635 de la Junta de Andalucía (cofinanciado con fondos FEDER de la UE). Web con información y publicaciones de la doctoranda: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Angela_Varo2 Agradecimientos A la conclusión del presente trabajo, soy consciente de que es una buena oportunidad para expresar mi gratitud a todas aquellas personas que han hecho posible que esta tesis doctoral sea hoy una realidad. Han sido 5 años, los suficientes para que este momento se haya convertido en un hito en la historia de mi vida, por haber acumulado un importante bagaje tanto en el terreno personal, formativo y profesional. En primer lugar, agradecer a mi director Antonio Trapero por hacer posible esta tesis, por despertar en mí el interés investigador y crear el ambiente idóneo de investigación en el que se ha desarrollado todo el trabajo hasta su conclusión. Igualmente, a todo el grupo de Patología Vegetal, que me ha ayudado a superar de una forma u otra ciertos momentos, donde quiero destacar a Francisco Javier López Escudero, por su impulso y humor, Mª Carmen Raya por su incondicional ayuda, confianza en mí y por ser el pilar en el que siempre me he apoyado, a Luis Roca por su aportación y experiencia en la realización de este trabajo y a Paqui Luque y Francisco Carmona por su ayuda en los experimentos de laboratorio y campo. A Juan Moral, por su ayuda y paciencia en la resolución de dudas. A Mari Ángeles Fernández, por estar siempre dispuesta a echarme una mano. A Esperanza Sánchez, por su apoyo. También me complace agradecer la acogida y los medios recibidos por todo el grupo del Institute of Environmental Biotechnology de Graz (Austria) en el que desarrollé mi estancia, en especial a Daria Rybakova y a Gabriele Berg. Además, al tener que pensar en el resto de compañeros, no puedo evitar no sentirlos como tales, sino como amigos que mantendré el resto de mi andadura, ellos han provocado que mi paso por el Departamento de Agronomía sea sin duda, una de las épocas más felices de mi vida. A Paolo, por ser el primero en mostrarme la Patología como algo muy motivador. A Mario, por ser mi compañero inigualable. A Mario 2, por ser la ilusión de cada día. A Eduardo, por su cariño. A Joaquín, por muchos buenos momentos. A Mulero, por su apoyo, comprensión y surtirme de alimentos muy sanos y sabrosos. A Mari Ángeles, por hacerme sentir tan querida. A Pablo, por ser mi confidente. A Diego, por ser siempre una bocanada de aire fresco. A Carlos, por su incondicional ayuda. A Paco, por sus conocimientos y conversación. A María, por sus sabios consejos. Siempre seremos un gran grupo. También gracias, a mi gran amigo Pedro por casi todo. O mejor, por todo. Debo un reconocimiento a agricultores
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Discovery of a Paenibacillus Isolate for Biocontrol of Black Rot in Brassicas
    Lincoln University Digital Thesis Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: you will use the copy only for the purposes of research or private study you will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of the thesis and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate you will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from the thesis. Discovery of a Paenibacillus isolate for biocontrol of black rot in brassicas A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Lincoln University by Hoda Ghazalibiglar Lincoln University 2014 DECLARATION This dissertation/thesis (please circle one) is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Lincoln University Degree of ________________________________________ The regulations for the degree are set out in the Lincoln University Calendar and are elaborated in a practice manual known as House Rules for the Study of Doctor of Philosophy or Masters Degrees at Lincoln University. Supervisor’s Declaration I confirm that, to the best of my knowledge: • the research was carried out and the dissertation was prepared under my direct supervision; • except where otherwise approved by the Academic Administration Committee of Lincoln University, the research was conducted in accordance with the degree regulations and house rules; • the dissertation/thesis (please circle one)represents the original research work of the candidate; • the contribution made to the research by me, by other members of the supervisory team, by other members of staff of the University and by others was consistent with normal supervisory practice.
    [Show full text]
  • Paenibacillaceae Cover
    The Family Paenibacillaceae Strain Catalog and Reference • BGSC • Daniel R. Zeigler, Director The Family Paenibacillaceae Bacillus Genetic Stock Center Catalog of Strains Part 5 Daniel R. Zeigler, Ph.D. BGSC Director © 2013 Daniel R. Zeigler Bacillus Genetic Stock Center 484 West Twelfth Avenue Biological Sciences 556 Columbus OH 43210 USA www.bgsc.org The Bacillus Genetic Stock Center is supported in part by a grant from the National Sciences Foundation, Award Number: DBI-1349029 The author disclaims any conflict of interest. Description or mention of instrumentation, software, or other products in this book does not imply endorsement by the author or by the Ohio State University. Cover: Paenibacillus dendritiformus colony pattern formation. Color added for effect. Image courtesy of Eshel Ben Jacob. TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Welcome to the Bacillus Genetic Stock Center ............................................................................................................. 2 What is the Bacillus Genetic Stock Center? ............................................................................................................... 2 What kinds of cultures are available from the BGSC? ............................................................................................... 2 What you can do to help the BGSC ...........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mesures De Maîtrise De La Brucellose Chez Les Bouquetins Du Bargy Co
    Co-exposureMesures de maîtrise of bees tode stressla brucellose factors chez les bouquetins du Bargy AvisANSES de l’AnsesOpinion RapportExpert Report d’expertise collective JuilletJuly 2015 2015 ÉditionScientific scientifique publication Co-exposure of bees to stress factors ANSES Opinion Expert Report July 2015 Scientific publication ANSES Opinion Request No 2012-SA-0176 The Director General Maisons-Alfort, 30 June 2015 OPINION of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety on co-exposure of bees to stress factors ANSES undertakes independent and pluralistic scientific expert assessments. ANSES's public health mission involves ensuring environmental, occupational and food safety as well as assessing the potential health risks they may entail. It also contributes to the protection of the health and welfare of animals, the protection of plant health and the evaluation of the nutritional characteristics of food. It provides the competent authorities with the necessary information concerning these risks as well as the requisite expertise and technical support for drafting legislative and statutory provisions and implementing risk management strategies (Article L.1313-1 of the French Public Health Code). Its opinions are made public. This opinion is a translation of the original French version. In the event of any discrepancy or ambiguity the French language text dated 30 June 2015 shall prevail. ANSES issued a formal internal request on 13 July 2012 concerning the issue of co-exposure of bees to stress factors. 1. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF THE REQUEST Over the last 50 years or so, the number of pollinators has been on the decline in industrialised countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Indole and 3-Indolylacetonitrile Inhibit Spore Maturation in Paenibacillus Alvei Yong-Guy Kim, Jin-Hyung Lee, Moo Hwan Cho and Jintae Lee*
    Kim et al. BMC Microbiology 2011, 11:119 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/11/119 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Indole and 3-indolylacetonitrile inhibit spore maturation in Paenibacillus alvei Yong-Guy Kim, Jin-Hyung Lee, Moo Hwan Cho and Jintae Lee* Abstract Background: Bacteria use diverse signaling molecules to ensure the survival of the species in environmental niches. A variety of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria produce large quantities of indole that functions as an intercellular signal controlling diverse aspects of bacterial physiology. Results: In this study, we sought a novel role of indole in a Gram-positive bacteria Paenibacillus alvei that can produce extracellular indole at a concentration of up to 300 μM in the stationary phase in Luria-Bertani medium. Unlike previous studies, our data show that the production of indole in P. alvei is strictly controlled by catabolite repression since the addition of glucose and glycerol completely turns off the indole production. The addition of exogenous indole markedly inhibits the heat resistance of P. alvei without affecting cell growth. Observation of cell morphology with electron microscopy shows that indole inhibits the development of spore coats and cortex in P. alvei. As a result of the immature spore formation of P. alvei, indole also decreases P. alvei survival when exposed to antibiotics, low pH, and ethanol. Additionally, indole derivatives also influence the heat resistance; for example, a plant auxin, 3-indolylacetonitrile dramatically (2900-fold) decreased the heat resistance of P. alvei, while another auxin 3-indoleacetic acid had a less significant influence on the heat resistance of P.
    [Show full text]
  • Efficiency of Crude Oil Degradation and Peroxidase Production by Indigenous Bacteria Isolated from Ogoni Land, River State, Nigeria
    ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Efficiency of crude oil degradation and peroxidase production by indigenous bacteria isolated from Ogoni land, River State, Nigeria Folasade M. Olajuyigbe1∗, Cornelius O. Fatokun1, Kevin I. Ehiosun1,2 Affiliation Enzyme Biotechnology and Environmental Health Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340252, Ondo State, Nigeria1; Department of Biochemistry, Edo University, Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria2 *For Correspondence Email: [email protected]; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1060-1868 Abstract Detrimental impacts of crude oil spills on life below water require urgent intervention. With the emergence of microbial remediation technology as a viable strategy for clean-up of oil spill, low degradation efficiency by many bacteria remains a major challenge. Exploring new bacterial isolates with improved crude oil degradation efficiency is therefore crucial. In this study, bacterial isolates from crude oil contaminated site in Ogoniland, Rivers State, Nigeria were screened for ability to grow on crude oil and glucose (control) as sole carbon sources. Three isolates exhibited higher growth on crude oil based medium (COBM) than on glucose based medium, and were identified using 16S rRNA sequencing as Bacillus cereus and Paenibacillus alvei strains 1 and 2. They were further investigated for their growth kinetics, degradation efficiency and total peroxidase production on varying concentrations of crude oil (30, 50 and 75 g/L) at 30°C and 180 rpm for 288 h. Results revealed exponential decline in residual crude oil during the logarithmic growth phase of the three bacteria. Total peroxidase activity increased as crude oil degradation progressed. Highest enzyme yields of 1.79 U/mg, 1.39 U/mg and 1.69 U/mg were recorded from B.
    [Show full text]
  • Paenibacillus Hemolyticus, the First Hemolytic Paenibacillus with Growth-Promoting Activities Discovered
    Biologia 67/6: 1031—1037, 2012 Section Cellular and Molecular Biology DOI: 10.2478/s11756-012-0117-7 Paenibacillus hemolyticus, the first hemolytic Paenibacillus with growth-promoting activities discovered Salmah Ismail1, Teow Chong Teoh1*, Choong Yong Ung2, Saad Musbah Alasil3 &RahmatOmar3 1Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science,University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract: Paenibacillus spp. are Gram-positive, facultatively aerobic, bacilli-shaped endospore-forming bacteria. They have been detected in a variety of environments, such as soil, water, forage, insect larvae, and even clinical samples. The strain 139SI (GenBank accession No.: JF825470.1) from three strains of Paenibacillus isolates investigated here was chosen as the type strain of the proposed novel species. The other two similar strain isolates investigated were 140SI (JF825471.1) and 141SI (JQ734548.1). These strains were identified as members of the genus Paenibacillus on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and 16S rRNA G+C content. Surprisingly, these strains exhibited a strong hemolytic activity on 5% sheep blood agar. Their crude extracts also showed positive growth-promoting activities in colon cancer and Vero cell lines. To our knowledge, this is the first Paenibacillus with hemolytic and growth-promoting activities reported, and the name Paenibacillus hemolyticus for this novel species is proposed. The capability of this novel species in hemolytic and cell growth activities suggests its potential in both clinical and pharmacological implications. Key words: Paenibacillus hemolyticus; soil bacteria; hemolytic; anticancer and cytotoxic activities; 16S rRNA G+C content.
    [Show full text]
  • Paenibacillus and Emended Description of the Genus Paenibacillus OSAMU SHIDA,H HIROAKI TAKAGI,L KIYOSHI KADOWAKI,L LAWRE CE K
    7729 I 'TERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY, Apr. 1997, p. 289-298 Vol. 47, 0.2 0020-7713/97/$04.00 0 Copyright © 1997, International Union of Microbiological Societies Transfer of Bacillus alginolyticus, Bacillus chondroitinus, Bacillus curdlanolyticus, Bacillus glucanolyticus, Bacillus kobensis, and Bacillus thiaminolyticus to the Genus Paenibacillus and Emended Description of the Genus Paenibacillus OSAMU SHIDA,h HIROAKI TAKAGI,l KIYOSHI KADOWAKI,l LAWRE CE K. NAKAMURA,2 3 AD KAZUO KOMAGATA Research Laboratory, Higeta Shoyu Co., Ltd., Choshi, Chiba 288,1 and Department ofAgricultural Chemistry, Faculty ofAgriculture, Tokyo University ofAgriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156,3 Japan, and Microbial Properties Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Us. Department ofAgriculture, Peoria, Illinois 616042 We determined the taxonomic status of six Bacillus species (Bacillus alginolyticus, Bacillus chondroitinus, Bacillus curdlanolyticus, Bacillus glucanolyticus, Bacillus kobensis, and Bacillus thiaminolyticus) by using the results of 168 rR A gene sequence and cellular fatty acid composition analyses. Phylogenetic analysis clus­ tered these species closely with the Paenibacillus species. Like the Paenibacillus species, the six Bacillus species contained anteiso-C 1s:o fatty acid as a major cellular fatty acid. The use of a specific PCR primer designed for differentiating the genus Paenibacillus from other members of the Bacillaceae showed that the six Bacillus species had the same amplified 168 rRNA gene fragment as members of the genus Paenibacillus. Based on these observations and other taxonomic characteristics, the six Bacillus species were transferred to the genus Paenibacillus. In addition, we propose emendation of the genus Paenibacillus. Rod-shaped, aerobic, endospore-forming bacteria have gen­ among the Bacillaceae, we determined the sequences of their erally been assigned to the genus Bacillus, a systematically 16S rR A genes and compared these sequences with homol­ diverse taxon (5).
    [Show full text]
  • Paenibacillus Aquistagni Sp. Nov., Isolated from an Artificial Lake
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek DOI 10.1007/s10482-017-0891-x ORIGINAL PAPER Paenibacillus aquistagni sp. nov., isolated from an artificial lake accumulating industrial wastewater Lucˇka Simon . Jure Sˇkraban . Nikos C. Kyrpides . Tanja Woyke . Nicole Shapiro . Ilse Cleenwerck . Peter Vandamme . William B. Whitman . Janja Trcˇek Received: 15 May 2017 / Accepted: 22 May 2017 Ó Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 T Abstract Strain 11 was isolated from water of an 7 and the major fatty acid as anteiso-C15:0. The artificial lake accumulating industrial wastewater on peptidoglycan was found to contain meso-di- the outskirts of Celje, Slovenia. Phenotypic charac- aminopimelic acid. In contrast to its close relatives terisation showed strain 11T to be a Gram-stain P. alvei DSM 29T, Paenibacillus apiarius DSM 5581T positive, spore forming bacterium. The 16S rRNA and Paenibacillus profundus NRIC 0885T, strain 11T T gene sequence identified strain 11 as a member of the was found to be able to ferment D-fructose, D-mannose T genus Paenibacillus, closely related to Paenibacillus and D-xylose. A draft genome of strain 11 contains a alvei (96.2%). Genomic similarity with P. alvei 29T cluster of genes associated with type IV pilin synthesis was 73.1% (gANI), 70.2% (ANIb), 86.7% (ANIm) usually found in clostridia, and only sporadically in and 21.7 ± 2.3% (GGDC). The DNA G?C content of other Gram-positive bacteria. Genotypic, chemotaxo- strain 11T was determined to be 47.5%. The predom- nomic, physiological and biochemical characteristics inant menaquinone of strain 11T was identified as MK- of strain 11T presented in this study support the creation of a novel species within the genus Paeni- bacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus aquistagni T T L.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Chelating Reagents on Colonial Appearance of Paenibacillus Alvei Isolated from Canine Oral Cavity
    FULL PAPER Bacteriology Effects of Chelating Reagents on Colonial Appearance of Paenibacillus alvei Isolated from Canine Oral Cavity Masatoshi FUJIHARA1), Kouji MAEDA1), Eriko SASAMORI1,2), Mitsugu MATSUSHITA3) and Ryô HARASAWA1)* 1)Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Ueda 3, Morioka 020–8550, 2)M Bio Technology Inc., Aomi 2, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135–8073 and 3)Department of Physics, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112–8551, Japan (Received 13 February 2008/Accepted 6 October 2008) ABSTRACT. A bacterial strain isolated from the oral cavity of a healthy dog revealed an unusual colony formation in nebular appearance on agar plates. The isolated bacterial strain was Gram-positive, spore-forming rod with peritrichous flagella, and grown under aerobic conditions, but unable to grow at 45°C. The strain was tentatively classified as Paenibacillus alvei according to the biochemical prop- erties and the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The isolate exhibits collective locomotion on solid agar plates. The bacterial motility was inhib- ited with EDTA and was restored by adding magnesium. We concluded that magnesium ion is essential for collective locomotion of P. alvei. This suggests that EDTA is useful for inhibition of biofilm formation. KEY WORDS: biofilm, EDTA, magnesium, Paenibacillus alvei, swarming. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 71(2): 147–153, 2009 Some species among the Bacillaceae have been shown to tribute not only to motility but also to adhesion [27, 38] and produce a variety of complex patterns during colony devel- colonization implying biofilm formation. This bacterial opment [ 8, 10, 11]. Various and sometimes contradictory strain is considered to befit the model of flagellation and hypotheses have been proposed to explain why pattern for- biofilm formation.
    [Show full text]
  • Current Knowledge and Perspectives of Paenibacillus: a Review Elliot Nicholas Grady1†, Jacqueline Macdonald2†, Linda Liu1, Alex Richman1 and Ze‑Chun Yuan1,2*
    Grady et al. Microb Cell Fact (2016) 15:203 DOI 10.1186/s12934-016-0603-7 Microbial Cell Factories REVIEW Open Access Current knowledge and perspectives of Paenibacillus: a review Elliot Nicholas Grady1†, Jacqueline MacDonald2†, Linda Liu1, Alex Richman1 and Ze‑Chun Yuan1,2* Abstract Isolated from a wide range of sources, the genus Paenibacillus comprises bacterial species relevant to humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Many Paenibacillus species can promote crop growth directly via biological nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, production of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and release of siderophores that enable iron acquisition. They can also offer protection against insect herbivores and phy‑ topathogens, including bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and viruses. This is accomplished by the production of a variety of antimicrobials and insecticides, and by triggering a hypersensitive defensive response of the plant, known as induced systemic resistance (ISR). Paenibacillus-derived antimicrobials also have applications in medicine, including polymyx‑ ins and fusaricidins, which are nonribosomal lipopeptides first isolated from strains of Paenibacillus polymyxa. Other useful molecules include exo-polysaccharides (EPS) and enzymes such as amylases, cellulases, hemicellulases, lipases, pectinases, oxygenases, dehydrogenases, lignin-modifying enzymes, and mutanases, which may have applications for detergents, food and feed, textiles, paper, biofuel, and healthcare. On the negative side, Paenibacillus larvae is the causative agent of American Foulbrood, a lethal disease of honeybees, while a variety of species are opportunistic infectors of humans, and others cause spoilage of pasteurized dairy products. This broad review summarizes the major positive and negative impacts of Paenibacillus: its realised and prospective contributions to agriculture, medi‑ cine, process manufacturing, and bioremediation, as well as its impacts due to pathogenicity and food spoilage.
    [Show full text]
  • Paenibacillus Larvae Spore Germination and American Foulbrood Disease Development in Honey Bee Larvae
    UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones August 2015 Paenibacillus larvae spore germination and American Foulbrood disease development in honey bee larvae Israel Alvarado University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the Biochemistry Commons, and the Biology Commons Repository Citation Alvarado, Israel, "Paenibacillus larvae spore germination and American Foulbrood disease development in honey bee larvae" (2015). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 2463. http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/7777291 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PAENIBACILLUS LARVAE SPORE GERMINATION AND AMERICAN FOULBROOD DISEASE DEVELOPMENT IN HONEY BEE LARVAE by Israel Alvarado Bachelor of Science in Biology California State University San Marcos
    [Show full text]
  • Green Catalysts and Secondary Metabolites Produced by Paenibacillus Alvei NRC14 Under Normal and Abiotic Stress Conditions
    IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 12, December 2015. www.ijiset.com ISSN 2348 – 7968 Green Catalysts and Secondary Metabolites Produced by Paenibacillus alvei NRC14 under Normal and Abiotic Stress Conditions Shadia M. Abdel-Aziz, Maysa E. Moharam, Hoda A. Hamed, and M. Fadel Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former El Tahrir st.) - Dokki - Giza - Egypt - P.O.12622 *Corresponding author: [email protected] U38T Abstract Production of enzymes and secondary metabolite in microorganisms is strongly influenced by nutritional factors and growth conditions. Paenibacillus alvei NRC14, a soil bacterial isolate, produces a variety of carbohydrate-active enzymes. The strain exhibits also multiple-adaptive response when exposed to abiotic-stress factors. Paenibacillus alvei NRC14 is a Gram-positive bacterium able to grow in a wide range of environmental conditions, does not require specific growth factors, and produces a variety of secondary metabolites such as polysaccharides, bioflocculants, and antibacterial agents. Chitosanase from strain NRC14 displays broad specificity towards chitin and chitosan with different degrees of deacetylation. Values of Km and V max for the extracted chitosanase towards chitosan are almost the same for hydrolyzing of chitosan. Chitosanases from strain NRC14 showed also broad specificity towards various substrates such as cellulose, CM-cellulose, and cellobiose. Keywords: Enzymes, secondary metabolites, Paenibacillus alvei, abiotic stress, response, bioflocculant, chitinase, chitosanase 1. Introduction Green biotechnology can be regarded as applied biocatalysis process with enzymes (biocatalysts) and microorganisms. In recent years, the emergence of environmental issues, “green biotechnology” or “white biotechnology” (in EUR) is designed to reduce environmental impact, use mild reaction conditions (physiological pH and temperature), compatible catalysts and solvent, combined with high activities in multifunctional molecules [1].
    [Show full text]