Archiv Für Naturgeschichte
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Genetic Population Structure in the Rare Narrow-Headed Ant Formica Exsecta
Research Summary: Genetic population structure in the rare narrow-headed ant Formica exsecta 1 2 2 3 4 Jenni A. Stockan , Joan Cottrell , Stuart A’Hara , T vtti Vanhala and Stephen Carroll Background: Findings: This note summarises research undertaken using o The Devon population contained genetic markers microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers to that were absent from any of the Scottish investigate the genetic and social structure of UK populations. Taken as a whole, the Scottish populations of the rare narrow-headed ant, Formica population also contained genetic markers absent exsecta. This is a species of conservation concern both from the Devon population. Overall, the British nationally and globally. In Britain, this species has population of F. exsecta has less genetic diversity suffered a significant reduction in its abundance over than those reported in the literature from the last 100 years with several local extinctions. mainland Europe. Remaining populations are highly fragmented, some o Genetic differentiation occurs when there is containing less than 10 nests. restricted gene flow between populations. The Devon population is highly differentiated from the Genetic diversity enables populations to evolve when Scottish populations. The UK sites were more faced with changing environmental conditions and differentiated than those across a much larger without it, populations face an increased risk of geographic scale in mainland Europe. extinction. Genetic diversity therefore underpins o There was a lack of differentiation between population adaptation and resilience. Scottish populations. Genetic connectivity is Aim and objectives: maintained by contemporary migration from An understanding of the population genetics and social Abernethy and Glenmore, Abernethy to Mar structure of F. -
The Functions and Evolution of Social Fluid Exchange in Ant Colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Marie-Pierre Meurville & Adria C
ISSN 1997-3500 Myrmecological News myrmecologicalnews.org Myrmecol. News 31: 1-30 doi: 10.25849/myrmecol.news_031:001 13 January 2021 Review Article Trophallaxis: the functions and evolution of social fluid exchange in ant colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Marie-Pierre Meurville & Adria C. LeBoeuf Abstract Trophallaxis is a complex social fluid exchange emblematic of social insects and of ants in particular. Trophallaxis behaviors are present in approximately half of all ant genera, distributed over 11 subfamilies. Across biological life, intra- and inter-species exchanged fluids tend to occur in only the most fitness-relevant behavioral contexts, typically transmitting endogenously produced molecules adapted to exert influence on the receiver’s physiology or behavior. Despite this, many aspects of trophallaxis remain poorly understood, such as the prevalence of the different forms of trophallaxis, the components transmitted, their roles in colony physiology and how these behaviors have evolved. With this review, we define the forms of trophallaxis observed in ants and bring together current knowledge on the mechanics of trophallaxis, the contents of the fluids transmitted, the contexts in which trophallaxis occurs and the roles these behaviors play in colony life. We identify six contexts where trophallaxis occurs: nourishment, short- and long-term decision making, immune defense, social maintenance, aggression, and inoculation and maintenance of the gut microbiota. Though many ideas have been put forth on the evolution of trophallaxis, our analyses support the idea that stomodeal trophallaxis has become a fixed aspect of colony life primarily in species that drink liquid food and, further, that the adoption of this behavior was key for some lineages in establishing ecological dominance. -
Narrow-Headed Ant Formica Exsecta Survey for Back from the Brink 2018
REPORT Narrow-headed Ant Formica exsecta Survey for Back from the Brink 2018- 2020 John Walters Saving the small things that run the planet Narrow-headed Ant Formica exsecta survey for Buglife - Back from the Brink Project 2018 - 2020 John Walters 47 Oaklands Park, Buckfastleigh Devon TQ11 0BP [email protected] www.johnwalters.co.uk Summary This survey was conducted between 2018 and 2020 with Stephen Carroll (SC), Betsy Vulliamy (BV), Mark Bailey (MB) and Andrew Ross (AR) and other volunteers listed below. A complete survey of the Narrow-headed Ant Formica exsecta nests on the Devon Wildlife Trust Reserve at Chudleigh Knighton Heath (CKH) begun in 2018 was continued and about 133 active nests are currently being monitored at CKH. This includes 8 active nests on the road verge adjacent to CKH managed by Highways England. Useful information has been gained through close observation of the ants nesting, foraging and their nuptial flight behaviour. This combined with habitat studies and nest monitoring has informed the development of nest translocation and introduction techniques. Eleven nests have been translocated from compartment 8 of Chudleigh Knighton Heath to compartments 1, 5 and 3 at CKH and also to Bovey Heathfield and Teigngrace Meadow, all these sites are Devon Wildlife Trust nature reserves. The results so far have shown limited success with these translocations with only 2 currently active. An alternative method of introducing queenless nests to other sites then releasing mated queens at these in July has been investigated. Results from this are inconclusive at the moment but with refinement this may be a good method of introducing the ant to other sites. -
Corpse Management in Social Insects
Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2013, Vol. 9 313 Ivyspring International Publisher International Journal of Biological Sciences 2013; 9(3):313-321. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.5781 Review Corpse Management in Social Insects Qian Sun and Xuguo Zhou Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA. Corresponding author: Dr. Xuguo "Joe" Zhou, Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546-0091. Phone: 859-257-3125 Fax: 859-323-1120 Email: [email protected]. © Ivyspring International Publisher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Reproduction is permitted for personal, noncommercial use, provided that the article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited. Received: 2012.12.29; Accepted: 2013.02.21; Published: 2013.03.22 Abstract Undertaking behavior is an essential adaptation to social life that is critical for colony hygiene in enclosed nests. Social insects dispose of dead individuals in various fashions to prevent further contact between corpses and living members in a colony. Focusing on three groups of eusocial insects (bees, ants, and termites) in two phylogenetically distant orders (Hymenoptera and Isoptera), we review mechanisms of death recognition, convergent and divergent behavioral re- sponses toward dead individuals, and undertaking task allocation from the perspective of division of labor. Distinctly different solutions (e.g., corpse removal, burial and cannibalism) have evolved, independently, in the holometabolous hymenopterans and hemimetabolous isopterans toward the same problem of corpse management. In addition, issues which can lead to a better understanding of the roles that undertaking behavior has played in the evolution of eusociality are discussed. -
Archiv Für Naturgeschichte
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Archiv für Naturgeschichte Jahr/Year: 1897 Band/Volume: 63-2_2 Autor(en)/Author(s): Stadelmann Hermann Artikel/Article: Hymenoptera. 347-412 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at Hymenoptera. Bearbeitet von Dr. H. Stadelmann. A. Allgemeines. Adlerz, G. (1). Myrmekologiska Studier. III, Tomognathus sub- laevis Mayr. Bih. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Hdlgr. Bd. 21. No. 4. Taf. T. suhlaevis findet sich nur in Nordeuropa. Tomognathus lebt in Nestern von Leptothorax. Eine kleine Anzahl T. s. vertrieb Lept. acervorum aus ihrem Neste, die ihre Larven und Nymphen mit- nahmen. To7n. suhl, suchte die liegengelassenen Larven und Puppen zusammen und schleppte sie in das Nest zurück. Das Zusammen- leben beider Arten beginnt also, indem T. das Nest der Hilfsameise in Beschlag nimmt. Die ausschlüpfenden Puppen sind Sklaven. Tomognathus frisst allein, wenn ihm die Nahrung gebracht wird, doch holt er sie nicht selber, sondern lässt sie sich von den Sklaven bringen. Auch in Bezug auf das Füttern ihrer eigenen Larven hängen sie gewissermassen von ihren Sklaven ab. T. hat wahr- scheinlich einen Stridulationsapparat. Das Männchen ist dem von L. acervoricm sehr ähnhch. Das Weibchen ähnelt dagegen sehr den Arbeitern und ist schwer davon zu unterscheiden, nur hat es Ocellen, mehr Eiröhren und ein Receptaculum seminis. Die Männ- chen copuliren sich nicht mit den Weibchen desselben Nestes, sondern immer mit denen eines fremden und zwar im Freien. Die Embryonalentwicklung dauert je nach der Temperatur 25 —55 Tage. Die Larven ähneln denen von Leptothorax so, dass man sie sehr schwer unterscheiden kann. -
No Impact on Queen Turnover, Inbreeding, and Population Genetic Differentiation in the Ant Formica Selysi
Evolution, 58(5), 2004, pp. 1064±1072 VARIABLE QUEEN NUMBER IN ANT COLONIES: NO IMPACT ON QUEEN TURNOVER, INBREEDING, AND POPULATION GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN THE ANT FORMICA SELYSI MICHEL CHAPUISAT,1 SAMUEL BOCHERENS, AND HERVEÂ ROSSET Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biology Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 1E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Variation in queen number alters the genetic structure of social insect colonies, which in turn affects patterns of kin-selected con¯ict and cooperation. Theory suggests that shifts from single- to multiple-queen colonies are often associated with other changes in the breeding system, such as higher queen turnover, more local mating, and restricted dispersal. These changes may restrict gene ¯ow between the two types of colonies and it has been suggested that this might ultimately lead to sympatric speciation. We performed a detailed microsatellite analysis of a large population of the ant Formica selysi, which revealed extensive variation in social structure, with 71 colonies headed by a single queen and 41 by multiple queens. This polymorphism in social structure appeared stable over time, since little change in the number of queens per colony was detected over a ®ve-year period. Apart from queen number, single- and multiple-queen colonies had very similar breeding systems. Queen turnover was absent or very low in both types of colonies. Single- and multiple-queen colonies exhibited very small but signi®cant levels of inbreeding, which indicates a slight deviation from random mating at a local scale and suggests that a small proportion of queens mate with related males. -
The Evolution of Social Parasitism in Formica Ants Revealed by a Global Phylogeny – Supplementary Figures, Tables, and References
The evolution of social parasitism in Formica ants revealed by a global phylogeny – Supplementary figures, tables, and references Marek L. Borowiec Stefan P. Cover Christian Rabeling 1 Supplementary Methods Data availability Trimmed reads generated for this study are available at the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (to be submit ted upon publication). Detailed voucher collection information, assembled sequences, analyzed matrices, configuration files and output of all analyses, and code used are available on Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zen odo.4341310). Taxon sampling For this study we gathered samples collected in the past ~60 years which were available as either ethanol preserved or pointmounted specimens. Taxon sampling comprises 101 newly sequenced ingroup morphos pecies from all seven species groups of Formica ants Creighton (1950) that were recognized prior to our study and 8 outgroup species. Our sampling was guided by previous taxonomic and phylogenetic work Creighton (1950); Francoeur (1973); Snelling and Buren (1985); Seifert (2000, 2002, 2004); Goropashnaya et al. (2004, 2012); Trager et al. (2007); Trager (2013); Seifert and Schultz (2009a,b); MuñozLópez et al. (2012); Antonov and Bukin (2016); Chen and Zhou (2017); Romiguier et al. (2018) and included represen tatives from both the New and the Old World. Collection data associated with sequenced samples can be found in Table S1. Molecular data collection and sequencing We performed nondestructive extraction and preserved samespecimen vouchers for each newly sequenced sample. We remounted all vouchers, assigned unique specimen identifiers (Table S1), and deposited them in the ASU Social Insect Biodiversity Repository (contact: Christian Rabeling, [email protected]). -
Tachysphex Kohl, 1883, with Notes on Other Oriental Species (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Larrinae)
Biosystematic Studies of Ceylonese Wasps, XX: A Revision of Tackysphex Kohl, 1883, with Notes on Other Oriental Species (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Larrinae) KARL V. KROMBEIN and 'WOJCIECH J. PULAWSKI m i •£. SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 552 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Folklife Studies Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs'submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. -
Oxytocin/Vasopressin-Like Peptide Inotocin Regulates Cuticular Hydrocarbon Synthesis and Water Balancing in Ants
Oxytocin/vasopressin-like peptide inotocin regulates cuticular hydrocarbon synthesis and water balancing in ants Akiko Kotoa,b,1, Naoto Motoyamac, Hiroki Taharac, Sean McGregord, Minoru Moriyamaa,b, Takayoshi Okabee, Masayuki Miurac, and Laurent Kellerd aBioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8566 Ibaraki, Japan; bComputational Bio Big Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8566 Ibaraki, Japan; cDepartment of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan; dDepartment of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; and eDrug Discovery Initiative, The University of Tokyo, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan Edited by Bert Hölldobler, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, and approved February 1, 2019 (received for review October 17, 2018) Oxytocin/vasopressin-like peptides are important regulators of workers foraging outside the nest. This age-based division of labor is physiology and social behavior in vertebrates. However, the often referred to as task polyethism, although individuals may also function of inotocin, the homologous peptide in arthropods, flexibly switch their role according to colony demands (30–32). remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the level of expression As workers transit from nursing to foraging, they experience of inotocin and inotocin receptor are correlated with task allocation new environmental challenges, such as fluctuating temperatures in the ant Camponotus fellah. Both genes are up-regulated when and low humidity, both significant threats in terms of water loss workers age and switch tasks from nursing to foraging. in situ hy- and desiccation. -
List of the Animal Toxins Intended to Be Controlled Under Section 19 B.E
(Unofficial Translation) NOTIFICATION OF THE MINISTRY OF PUBLIC HEALTH RE: LIST OF THE ANIMAL TOXINS INTENDED TO BE CONTROLLED UNDER SECTION 19 B.E. 2562 (2019) By virtue of the provision pursuant to Section 5 paragraph one, Section 6 (2) and Section 19 of Pathogens and Animal Toxins Act, B.E. 2558 (2015), the Minister of Public Health, with the advice of the Pathogens and Animal Toxins Committee, has therefore issued this notification as follows: Clause 1 This notification is called “Notification of the Ministry of Public Health Re: list of the animal toxins intended to be controlled under Section 19, B.E. 2562 (2019).” Clause 2 This Notification shall come into force after the expiration of one hundred and eighty days from the date of its publication in the Government Gazette. Clause 3 The Notification of Ministry of Public Health Re: list of the animal toxins intended to be controlled under Section 19, B.E. 2560 (2017), dated 25 January B.E. 2560 (2017) shall be cancelled. Clause 4 Define the animal toxin codes and such codes shall have the following sequences: (1) Letter “A” and the number stands for the toxin from A01 stands for the toxin from frogs – toads A02 stands for the toxin from lizard A03 stands for the toxin from millipede A04 stands for the toxin from snake A05 stands for the toxin from salamander A06 stands for the toxin from beetle A07 stands for the toxin from centipede A08 stands for the toxin from wasp A09 stands for the toxin from fish A10 stands for the toxins from leech A11 stands for the toxins from coral- sea -
Chloe Aline Raderschall
Chloe Aline Raderschall BSc, Hons I A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy The Australian National University December 2014 VVege entstellen dadurch^ dass man sie geht. Trail of leaf-cutter ants (Atta sp.) in Tambopata National Reserve, Peru I Declaration I herewith declare that the work presented in this thesis is, to the best of my knowledge, original except where other references are cited and was undertaken during my M.Phil candidature between October 2012 and December 2014 at the Research School of Biology, The Australian National University. The corrected version of the thesis was resubmitted in September 2015 with the suggestions of two anonymous examiners. The thesis has not been submitted in parts or in full for a degree to any other University. Chloe A. Raderschall, September 2015 III IV Acknowledgements The work towards this thesis would not have been possible without the guidance, support and friendship of a number of people. First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisors Ajay Narendra and Jochen Zeil for sharing their enthusiasm to understand insect navigation and for their guidance during all aspects of my research. Ajay especially I would like to thank for initially sparking my interest in myrmecology by introducing me to the fascinating world of ants during many photo excursions around Canberra. Being able to appreciate these little critters and to learn about each of their peculiarities is a wonderful gift that I hope to be able to share with many more people in the future. W illi Ribi I would like to thank for all his technical assistance and knowledge during my histological work. -
A Comprehensive Understanding of Corpse Management in Termites
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Entomology Entomology 2015 A Comprehensive Understanding of Corpse Management in Termites Qian Sun University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Sun, Qian, "A Comprehensive Understanding of Corpse Management in Termites" (2015). Theses and Dissertations--Entomology. 23. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/23 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Entomology by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of my work.