DOCSLIB.ORG

Universidad De Las Fuerzas Armadas Espe

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Universidad De Las Fuerzas Armadas Espe I UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS ESPE CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA GEOGRÁFICA Y DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE PROYECTO DE GRADO PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE INGENIERO GEÓGRAFO Y DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE Modelamiento del Hábitat Potencial Actual y Futuro del Zamarrito Pechinegro Eriocnemis nigrivestis (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1852) en la Sierra Norte del Ecuador Realizado por Marlon Fernando Espíndola Merino Dirigido por Dr. Modesto Correoso e Ing. Alexander Robayo Sangolquí – Ecuador Noviembre - 2013 II Foto de Portada: Cupuerán F., Aves y Conservación 2009 - Zamarrito Pechinegro Eriocnemis nigrivestis i CERTIFICACIÓN ____________________________________________________________________ Certifico que el presente Proyecto de Grado titulado “MODELAMIENTO DEL HÁBITAT POTENCIAL ACTUAL Y FUTURO DEL ZAMARRITO PECHINEGRO Eriocnemis nigrivestis (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1852) EN LA SIERRA NORTE DEL ECUADOR CONTINENTAL”, fue elaborado en su totalidad por el Sr. Fernando Espíndola Merino, como requerimiento previo a la obtención del Título de INGENIERO GEÓGRAFO Y DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE, bajo la dirección de: _________________________ _________________________ Dr. Modesto Correoso Ing. Alexander Robayo DIRECTOR COODIRECTOR Sangolquí, Noviembre del 2013 ii AUTORÍA DE RESPONSABILIDAD ___________________________________ Yo, Marlon Fernando Espíndola Merino Declaro que: El proyecto de grado denominado “MODELAMIENTO DEL HÁBITAT POTENCIAL ACTUAL Y FUTURO DEL ZAMARRITO PECHINEGRO Eriocnemis nigrivestis (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1852) EN LA SIERRA NORTE DEL ECUADOR CONTINENTAL”, ha sido desarrollado en base a una investigación exhaustiva, respetando derechos intelectuales de terceros, conforme las citas que constan en el desarrollo del texto, cuyas fuentes se incorporan en la bibliografía. Consecuentemente este trabajo es de mi autoría. En virtud de esta declaración, me responsabilizo del contenido, veracidad y alcance científico del proyecto de grado en mención. Sangolquí, 15 de noviembre de 2013 ________________________________ Marlon Fernando Espíndola Merino iii AUTORIZACIÓN ___________________________________ Yo, Marlon Fernando Espíndola Merino Autorizo a la Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas la publicación, en la biblioteca virtual de la institución del trabajo “MODELAMIENTO DEL HÁBITAT POTENCIAL ACTUAL Y FUTURO DEL ZAMARRITO PECHINEGRO Eriocnemis nigrivestis (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1852) EN LA SIERRA NORTE DEL ECUADOR CONTINENTAL ”, cuyo contenido, ideas y criterios son de mi exclusiva responsabilidad y autoría. Sangolquí, 15 de noviembre de 2013 _______________________________ Marlon Fernando Espíndola Merino iv DEDICATORIA _____________________________________________ Esta tesis va dedicada a mis padres, y en especial a Adri y a mi hijo Julián. Marlon Fernando Espíndola Merino v AGRADECIMIENTO ____________________________________________________________________ Un inmenso gracias al equipo de AVES y CONSERVACIÓN: Tatiana, Esteban, David, Olaf. Un agradecimiento especial a los directores de esta tesis: Dr. Modesto Correoso e Ing. Alexander Robayo. Y un gracias de corazón a la Ing. Blanca Chávez. Marlon Fernando Espíndola Merino vi ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDO _____________________________________________ ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... VIII RESUMEN ................................................................................................................. X CAPITULO 1: ANTECEDENTES .......................................................................... 2 1.1. ANTECEDENTES ............................................................................................... 2 1.2. IMPORTANCIA (JUSTIFICACIÓN ) .............................................................. 3 1.3. OBJETIVO PRINCIPAL .................................................................................... 7 1.4. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS .............................................................................. 7 1.5. METAS .................................................................................................................. 7 1.6. ALCANCE ............................................................................................................ 8 CAPITULO 2: MARCO TEÓRICO Y CONCEPTUAL ...................................... 9 2.1. MARCO TEÓRICO ............................................................................................. 9 2.2. MARCO INSTITUCIONAL ............................................................................ 13 2.3. MARCO CONCEPTUAL ................................................................................. 15 2.4. EL HABITAD, DEFINICIONES E IMPORTANCIA .................................. 16 2.5. DEFINICIONES E IMPORTANCIA DE REALIZAR LOS MODELOS DEL HABITAD .................................................................................................. 19 2.6. LOS SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA (SIG) EN EL MODELAMIENTO DEL HABITAD ............................................................. 20 2.7. MODELOS DE PREDICCIÓN ........................................................................ 22 CAPITULO 3: ASPECTOS GENERALES .......................................................... 25 3.1 UBICACIÓN ....................................................................................................... 25 3.2 ÁREA DE ESTUDIO ........................................................................................ 25 3.3 ASPECTOS GENERALES BIOGEOGRÁFICOS ........................................ 27 3.3.1 ASPECTOS FÍSICOS ........................................................................................ 27 3.3.2 ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS ............................................................................... 30 3.4 DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA ESPECIE .................................................................. 34 3.4.1 CLASIFICACIÓN CIENTÍFICA ..................................................................... 35 3.4.2 DISTRIBUCIÓN BIOGEOGRÁFICA ............................................................ 36 vii 3.4.3 ALIMENTACIÓN DEL Eriocnemis nigrevestis (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1852) ......................................... ………………………………………………………………………..38 CAPITULO 4: METODOLOGÍA ......................................................................... 42 4.1 RECOPILACIÓN DE DATOS ........................................................................ 42 4.1.1 REGISTROS DE LA ESPECIE ........................................................................ 42 4.1 ESTRUCTURACIÓN DE LA INFORMACIÓN .......................................... 43 4.2.1 PREPARACIÓN DE LOS INSUMOS PARA SIG ........................................ 43 4.2.2 INFORMACIÓN CARTOGRÁFICA .............................................................. 45 4.2 ANÁLISIS CON LOS MODELOS DE DISTRIBUCIÓN DE HÁBITAT DE LA ESPECIE ................................................................................................ 48 4.3.1 VARIABLES USADAS EN EL MODELADO ............................................. 50 4.3.2 DETERMINACIÓN DE LA MUESTRA ....................................................... 52 4.2.2 FASES DEL MODELADO ............................................................................... 54 4.2.3 EJECUCIÓN DE LOS MODELOS ................................................................. 56 CAPITULO 5: ANÁLISIS E INTERPRETACIÓN DE RESULTADOS .......... 58 5.1 MODELADO DE DISTRIBUCIÓN PRESENTE DE LA ESPECIE ......... 58 5.2 VERIFICACION EN EL CAMPO .................................................................. 69 5.3 MODELADO DE DISTRIBUCIÓN FUTURA DE LA ESPECIE ............. 70 CAPITULO 6: DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES .............................................. 73 6.1 ANÁLISIS DE LA METODOLOGÍA ............................................................ 73 6.2 ANÁLISIS DE LOS MODELOS ..................................................................... 74 6.3 ANÁLISIS DE LA SITUACIÓN ACTUAL DEL HABITAT DE LA ESPECIE .............................................................................................................. 75 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ..................................................................................................... 77 ANEXOS .................................................................................................................. 80 Anexos 1. Tabla de superficies de la distribución potencial del hábitat del zamarrito pechinegro vs bosques protectores en la zona de estudio. ........................................... 80 viii INDICE DE TABLAS ____________________________________________________________________ Tabla 1. Selección de variables...…………………………………………………...49 Tabla 2. Variables seleccionadas…………………………………………………...54 Tabla 3. Puntos de coordenadas donde se ha observado al colibrí…………… …56 Tabla4. Parámetros de los modelos seleccionados…………………………………58 Tabla 5. Tabla comparativa de predicciones de los modelos……………………...62 Tabla 6. Superficies de predicción…………………………………………………63 Tabla 7. Distribución potencial del hábitat vs mapa de formaciones vegetales en la zona de estudio Tabla 8. Superficies del PANE en el área de estudio……………………………. 67 Tabla 9. Áreas de distribución potencial del zamarrito pechinegro vs el PANE en la zona de estudio……………………………………………………………………...68 Tabla 10. Áreas de distribución potencial del zamarrito pechinegro en los bosques protectores de la zona de estudio………………………………………………….. 69 Tabla 11. Superficies de la distribución potencial del hábitat del zamarrito pechinegro en las áreas protegidas…………………………………………………70 Tabla 12.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • EASTERN ECUADOR RARITIES Custom Tour/ Nov-Dec 2020
    Tropical Birding Tours - Trip Report EASTERN ECUADOR RARITIES Custom Tour/ Nov-Dec 2020 A Tropical Birding Tours CUSTOM BIRDING TOUR EASTERN ECUADOR RARITIES 26 Nov-6 Dec, 2020 Report and photos by ANDRES VASQUEZ N., the guide for this tour One of the most wanted birds of the World, the mighty queen of the jungle, Harpy Eagle (picture above at a nesting site). This is probably the easiest access to a nest of this awesome bird of prey in all of Latin America. It involves only a 5-minute car ride from the door of the hotel, 15 minute boat ride on the Napo River, and 2 easy walks of about 10 minutes each on flat but muddy terrain. The nesting pair has been recorded on this site a couple years ago by a local farmer who did not know much about the importance of the bird and therefore it remained “hidden” to the birding world until this year when the same farmer saw the couple again and this time mentioned it to the local guides who recently had been more active in terms of birding. The word spread out quickly and we were forced to tweak the itinerary that we already had for this custom tour and included a visit to the site. It was a tricky visit since just two days before our arrival, a group of scientists that visited the site recommended that no tourists should visit yet. However, since we were already there and it was only two visitors, we joined an already scheduled monitoring visit during which we stayed at the nest site for exactly 3.5 minutes, saw the bird, took a couple photos and left.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Avian Biology JAV-00869 Wang, N
    Journal of Avian Biology JAV-00869 Wang, N. and Kimball, R. T. 2016. Re-evaluating the distribution of cooperative breeding in birds: is it tightly linked with altriciality? – J. Avian Biol. doi: 10.1111/jav.00869 Supplementary material Appendix 1. Table A1. The characteristics of the 9993 species based on Jetz et al. (2012) Order Species Criteria1 Developmental K K+S K+S+I LB Mode ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter albogularis 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter badius 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter bicolor 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter brachyurus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter brevipes 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter butleri 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter castanilius 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter chilensis 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter chionogaster 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter cirrocephalus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter collaris 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter cooperii 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter erythrauchen 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter erythronemius 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter erythropus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter fasciatus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter francesiae 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter gentilis 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter griseiceps 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter gularis 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter gundlachi 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter haplochrous 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter henicogrammus 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter henstii 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES Accipiter imitator 0 0 0 0 1 ACCIPITRIFORMES
    [Show full text]
  • Cortes-Diago Et Al MS-636.Fm
    ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL ________________________________________________________________________ Volume 18 2007 No. 2 ________________________________________________________________________ ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL 18: 161–170, 2007 © The Neotropical Ornithological Society A NEW SPECIES OF ERIOCNEMIS (TROCHILIDAE) FROM SOUTHWEST COLOMBIA Alexander Cortés-Diago1, Luis Alfonso Ortega2, Luis Mazariegos-Hurtado1, & André-A. Weller3 1The Hummingbird Conservancy, Calle 17 A No. 121-11, Cali, Colombia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Fundación Ecohabitat, Calle 64 AN No. 10-71, Popayán, Colombia. 3Zoological Research Museum A. Koenig, Biology and Phylogeny of Tropical Birds, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany. Resumen. – Una nueva especie de Eriocnemis (Trochilidae) del suroeste de Colombia. – Una nueva especie de colibrí, el Zamarrito del Pinche (Eriocnemis isabellae, sp. nov.), es descrita de la Serranía del Pinche, un macizo aislado e inexplorado localizado en el Departamento del Cauca en el suroeste de Colombia (02°16’04.18”N, 77°21’26.41”W, 2800 m s.n.m.). Esta especie representa un nuevo miembro distincto del género Eriocnemis y habita los bosques templados y nublados de la Serranía. Aunque se puede identificar fácilmente como un miembro del género Eriocnemis por sus zamarros blancos, el azul violeta en las infracaudales de la cola y la cola azul negra bifurcada, se diferencia ampliamente de la mayoría de las especies de su género en tener la cara, corona y nuca de color negro con visos amarillosos verde oliva. Además, tiene una gorguera bicolor iridiscente distincta, azul violeta y verde. Este nuevo taxón comparte algunas características con otros de su género (i.e., E. vestitus, E. nigrivestis) y esta ecológicamente asociado a bosques enanos ocupando un pequeño rango en pendientes pronunciadas a lo largo de filos montañosos.
    [Show full text]
  • The Touch of Nature Has Made the Whole World Kin: Interspecies Kin Selection in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
    SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Digital Commons @ ESF Honors Theses 2015 The Touch of Nature Has Made the Whole World Kin: Interspecies Kin Selection in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Laura E. Jenkins Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.esf.edu/honors Part of the Animal Law Commons, Animal Studies Commons, Behavior and Ethology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, and the Human Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Jenkins, Laura E., "The Touch of Nature Has Made the Whole World Kin: Interspecies Kin Selection in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora" (2015). Honors Theses. 74. https://digitalcommons.esf.edu/honors/74 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ ESF. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ ESF. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 2015 The Touch of Nature Has Made the Whole World Kin INTERSPECIES KIN SELECTION IN THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA LAURA E. JENKINS Abstract The unequal distribution of legal protections on endangered species has been attributed to the “charisma” and “cuteness” of protected species. However, the theory of kin selection, which predicts the genetic relationship between organisms is proportional to the amount of cooperation between them, offers an evolutionary explanation for this phenomenon. In this thesis, it was hypothesized if the unequal distribution of legal protections on endangered species is a result of kin selection, then the genetic similarity between a species and Homo sapiens is proportional to the legal protections on that species.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Ecology and Evolution on Avian Flight Morphology Natalie Wright
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Biology ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations 7-1-2015 The effects of ecology and evolution on avian flight morphology Natalie Wright Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds Recommended Citation Wright, Natalie. "The effects of ecology and evolution on avian flight morphology." (2015). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/ biol_etds/116 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Natalie A. Wright Candidate Biology Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Christopher C. Witt, Chairperson Jeffery Long Blair Wolf James Brown i THE EFFECTS OF ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION ON AVIAN FLIGHT MORPHOLOGY by NATALIE A. WRIGHT B.S., Zoology, University of Florida, 2005 M.S., Zoology, University of Florida, 2009 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Biology The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico August, 2015 ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to Bob Dickerman, whose enthusiastic contributions to ornithology will continue to influence and aid many new generations of biologists. He collected a great many of the specimens used in this manuscript. Without his generous support of the Museum of Southwestern Biology ornithology collection, this dissertation would not have been possible. He is greatly missed and remembered fondly. iii Acknowledgements I thank my advisor, Chris Witt, for his support, encouragement, and guidance over the past six years.
    [Show full text]
  • Eriocnemis Nigrivestis), a Critically Endangered Hummingbird
    J. Field Ornithol. 88(3):229–235, 2017 DOI: 10.1111/jofo.12208 Plant and habitat use by Black-breasted Pufflegs (Eriocnemis nigrivestis), a critically endangered hummingbird Esteban A. Guevara,1,4 Rolando Hipo,1 Cristian Poveda,1,2 Bryan Rojas,1,2 Catherine H. Graham,3 and Tatiana Santander G.1 1 Area de Investigacion y Monitoreo de Avifauna, Aves y Conservacion – BirdLife in Ecuador, Pasaje Joaquın Tinajero E3-05 y Jorge Drom, Quito 170135, Ecuador 2Departamento de Biologıa, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador 3Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Group, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zurcherstrasse€ 111, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland Received 1 October 2016; accepted 30 June 2017 ABSTRACT. Black-breasted Pufflegs (Eriocnemis nigrivestis) are hummingbirds endemic to Ecuador and are considered critically endangered because of their limited distribution, a population estimated at fewer than 1000 individuals, and ongoing habitat degradation. From November 2013 to June 2016, we examined the foraging preferences of these hummingbirds using a combination of direct observations, time-lapse cameras, and motion-detection software. We first identified 21 species of ornithophilous plants distributed among five sites in the northwestern flanks of the Pichincha volcano in northwest Ecuador. We then monitored these plant species using time-lapse cameras and recorded 144 visits by Black-breasted Pufflegs to seven of the 21 species. Most visits (128 of 144 visits, 89%) were to just two species of plants, Macleania rupestris and Palicourea fuchsioides, the latter of which is also an endemic and threatened species.
    [Show full text]
  • Rediscovery of the Colourful Puffleg Eriocnemis Mirabilis
    Rediscovery of the Colourful Puffleg Eriocnemis mirabilis Luis A. Mazariegos H. and Paul G. W. Salaman Cotinga 11 (1999): 34–38 Descubierto en 1967, el enigmático Colibrí de Zamarros Eriocnemis mirabilis es conocido de 4 ejemplares, colectados en la ladera de un cerro de la vertiente pacífica de la Cordillera Occidental en Colombia. Información erronea sobre la localidad, y una busqueda intensiva redescubrieron la especie finalmente, confirmada por evidencia fotográfica en noviembre de 1997. Visitas repetidas al sitio y áreas adyacentes revelaron el microendemismo de la especie en el Parque Nacional Natural Munchique posiblemente relacionado a requerimientos ecológicos específicos en un angosto rango altitudinal de bosque bajo humedo montano. E. mirabilis enfrenta una situación delicada de conservación, directamente amenazado por Colonos ilegales en su localidad dentro del Parque Nacional. Un proyecto se está realizando para proveer de una alternativa económica a la explotación de madera y además se require un estudio ecológico urgente y detallado sobre la especie. Este artículo es dedicado a la memoria de un gran ornitólogo Colombiano, Alvaro Negret. Introduction Parque Nacional Natural (PNN) Munchique, on the Pacific slope of the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia in the Department of Cauca, encompasses 44,000 ha of wet foothill to montane cloud forest at 500–3,012 m. The area was declared a Sanctuario de Fauna y Flora in 1967 following the discovery of a new hummingbird species—Colorful Puffleg Eriocnemis mirabilis3,6—and constitutionally became a National Park (PNN) in 1977. During the past three decades, many attempts have been made by birders, ornithologists and park staff alike to relocate E.
    [Show full text]
  • NC2006 (Fauna) Doc. 4.1 (English Only/Únicamente En Inglés/Seulement En Anglais)
    NC2006 (fauna) Doc. 4.1 (English only/Únicamente en inglés/Seulement en anglais) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA ____________ Nomenclature Committee Fauna Lima (Peru), 10 July 2006 Update on issues following CoP13 BIRD NOMENCLATURE 1. This document has been submitted by the zoologist of the Nomenclature Committee. 2. At the latest meeting of the Nomenclature Committee (fauna) in Geneva, on 23 May 2005, the zoologist of the Nomenclature Committee suggested to consider the Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World, edited by Dickinson1, as new standard reference for the bird nomenclature. She promised to provide a document for the next NC meeting in 2006 outlining the consequences of the adoption of this reference for the present nomenclature of CITES listed bird species. 3. The present document is based on an analysis carried out by Tim Inskipp (UNEP-WCMC), who compared the bird species so far accepted under CITES with the bird taxa in the The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World edited by Dickinson. 4. CITES Appendices currently include altogether 1,570 species or subspecies of birds. The adoption of the Howard and Moore Checklist edited by Dickinson would result in: – 141 one-to-one replacements (86 generic changes, 50 spelling changes, 5 name replacements) (see Annex 1); – 39 changes of species being reduced to subspecies level (see Annex 2); and – 45 split-listings where present subspecies are elevated to species level (see Annex 3). 5. One-to-one replacements will create no implementation problem as in the case of re-exports old documents the old scientific names can be easily be related to the new valid names.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution of Iridescent Colours in Hummingbird Communities Results
    Distribution of iridescent colours in hummingbird communities results from the interplay between selection for camouflage and communication Hugo Gruson, Marianne Elias, Juan Parra, Christine Andraud, Serge Berthier, Claire Doutrelant, Doris Gomez To cite this version: Hugo Gruson, Marianne Elias, Juan Parra, Christine Andraud, Serge Berthier, et al.. Distribution of iridescent colours in hummingbird communities results from the interplay between selection for camouflage and communication. 2020. hal-02372238v2 HAL Id: hal-02372238 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02372238v2 Preprint submitted on 3 Feb 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Copyright RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Distribution of iridescent colours in Open Peer-Review hummingbird communities results Open Data from the interplay between Open Code selection for camouflage and communication Cite as: Hugo G, Marianne E, Juan L. P, Christine A, Serge B, Claire D, and Doris G. Distribution of iridescent colours in hummingbird communities results from the interplay between Hugo Gruson1, Marianne Elias2, Juan L. Parra3, Christine selection for camouflage and communication. BioRxiv 586362, v5 4 5 1 peer-reviewed and recommended by PCI Andraud , Serge Berthier , Claire Doutrelant , & Doris Evolutionary Biology (2019).
    [Show full text]
  • (Aves: Trochilidae), with the Description of A
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Ornithologischer Anzeiger Jahr/Year: 2000 Band/Volume: 39_1 Autor(en)/Author(s): Schuchmann Karl-Ludwig, Weller Andre-Alexander, Heynen Iris Artikel/Article: Biogeography and taxonomy of the Andean hummingbird genus Haplophaedia Simon (Aves: Trochilidae), with the description of a new subspecies from Southern Ecuador 17-42 S c h u c h m a n n e t a l : The© HummingbirdOrnithologische Gesellschaft Genus Bayern, Haplophciedia download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 17 Om. Anz. 39: 17-42 Biogeography and taxonomy of the Andean hummingbird genus Haplophaedia Simon (Aves: Trochilidae), with the description of a new subspecies from Southern Ecuador Karl-Ludwig Schuchmann, Andre-Alexander Weller & Iris Heynen Zusammenfassung Biogeographie und Taxonomie der andinen Kolibrigattung Haplophaedia Simon (Aves: Trochilidae), mit der Beschreibung einer neuen Unterart aus Südecuador Die vorliegende Studie präsentiert die Ergebnisse biogeographischer und taxonomischer Unter­ suchungen der andinen Kolibrigattung Haplophaedia, basierend auf der Auswertung der geogra­ phischen Variation morphometrischer und farblicher Gefiedermerkmale. Außerdem werden ökologische und ethologische Besonderheiten vorgestellt. In der historischen Taxonomie wur­ den zwei Gattungsvertreter unterschieden,H. aureliae (ssp. aureliae, caucensis, floccus, galindoi, russata, affinis, assimilis) und H. Ingens. Aufgrund biogeographischer und
    [Show full text]
  • Biogeographic and Taxonomic Revision of the Trainbearers Lesbia
    Weller, A.-A. & K.-L. Schuchmann:© Ornithologische Revision GesellschaftofLesbia hummingbirds Bayern, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at 115 Ornithol. Anz. 43: 115-136 Biogeographic and taxonomic revision of the trainbearersLesbia (Trochilidae), with the description of two new subspecies Andre-A. Weller and Karl-L. Schuchmann Biogeografische und taxonomische Revision der KolibrigattungLesbia (Trochil­ idae), mit Beschreibung von zwei neuen Subspezies. Basierend auf Verbreitung und Gefiedermorphologie werden die Biogeografie und Taxonomie der weitverbreiteten andinen KolibrigattungLesbia LESSON, 1833 untersucht. Gegenwärtig werden zwei Arten anerkannt, die Schwarz- schwanz-Lesbia(L. victoriae) und die Grünschwanz-Lesbia(L. nuna). Aufgrund geografischer Variation in der Schwanzfärbung und den biometrischen Merkma­ len bei L. nuna erscheint aber die taxonomische Trennung von Goulds Lesbia (L. gouldii) gerechtfertigt. Die Typusexemplare vonLesbia » eucharis«, die bisher als Unterart vonL. nuna mit Verbreitungsgebiet in Huänuco, Zentralperu, angesehen wurden, stammen aus den Nordanden und repräsentieren wahrscheinlich Hyb­ riden von L. goiddii x L. victoriae. Die zentralperuanische Population von Goulds Lesbia sollte daher als neue Unterart,L. gouldii huallagae subsp. nov., geführt werden. Sie ist durch eine stark bronzegrüne Färbung und die weißlichen Fran­ sen im Bauchgefieder der Männchen gekennzeichnet. Als weiteres neues Taxon wird L. gouldii aureliae subsp. nov. von Südecuador beschrieben, charakterisiert durch eine goldbronzene Färbung des Grundgefieders. Die vorliegende Studie bestätigt zudem die taxonomische Eigenständigkeit L.von nuna boliviana und L. gouldii (früher nuna) gracilis, während die Validität vonL. victoriae aequatorialis nicht durch morphometrische Merkmale gestützt wird. Morphologische Ähn­ lichkeiten (Weibchengefieder, Schwanzmuster, Körpermaße) deuten eine enge Verwandtschaft vonLesbia mit den Kleinschnabelkolibris(Ramphomicron) und dem Sapphokolibri(Sappho sparganura) an. Key words: Lesbia, L. goiddii, L.
    [Show full text]
  • Repeated Elevational Transitions in Hemoglobin Function During the Evolution of Andean Hummingbirds
    Repeated elevational transitions in hemoglobin function during the evolution of Andean hummingbirds Joana Projecto-Garciaa,1, Chandrasekhar Natarajana,1, Hideaki Moriyamaa, Roy E. Weberb, Angela Fagob, Zachary A. Chevirona,c, Robert Dudleyd, Jimmy A. McGuired,e, Christopher C. Wittf,g,2, and Jay F. Storza,2,3 aSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588; bDepartment of Bioscience, Zoophysiology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark; cDepartment of Animal Biology, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801; dDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140; eMuseum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3160; and fDepartment of Biology and gMuseum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 Edited by David M. Hillis, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, and approved November 8, 2013 (received for review August 15, 2013) Animals that sustain high levels of aerobic activity under hypoxic altitudinal distributions. The species included in this study fall conditions (e.g., birds that fly at high altitude) face the physiolog- into three main clades: the Coquettes, the Brilliants, and the fi ical challenge of jointly optimizing blood-O2 af nity for O2 loading Emeralds + Giant Hummingbird (Patagona gigas)(Fig.1A). in the pulmonary circulation and O2 unloading in the systemic Each of these three clades contains species that are restricted to circulation. At high altitude, this challenge is especially acute for low or moderate elevations, as well as independently derived small endotherms like hummingbirds that have exceedingly high high-elevation species that routinely occur at elevations >4,200 m.
    [Show full text]