DOCSLIB.ORG

Thermolongibacillus Cihan Et Al

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Thermolongibacillus Cihan Et Al Genus Firmicutes/Bacilli/Bacillales/Bacillaceae/ Thermolongibacillus Cihan et al. (2014)VP .......................................................................................................................................................................................... Arzu Coleri Cihan, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey Kivanc Bilecen and Cumhur Cokmus, Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Sciences, Konya Food & Agriculture University, Konya, Turkey Ther.mo.lon.gi.ba.cil’lus. Gr. adj. thermos hot; L. adj. Type species: Thermolongibacillus altinsuensis E265T, longus long; L. dim. n. bacillus small rod; N.L. masc. n. DSM 24979T, NCIMB 14850T Cihan et al. (2014)VP. .................................................................................. Thermolongibacillus long thermophilic rod. Thermolongibacillus is a genus in the phylum Fir- Gram-positive, motile rods, occurring singly, in pairs, or micutes,classBacilli, order Bacillales, and the family in long straight or slightly curved chains. Moderate alka- Bacillaceae. There are two species in the genus Thermo- lophile, growing in a pH range of 5.0–11.0; thermophile, longibacillus, T. altinsuensis and T. kozakliensis, isolated growing in a temperature range of 40–70∘C; halophile, from sediment and soil samples in different ther- tolerating up to 5.0% (w/v) NaCl. Catalase-weakly positive, mal hot springs, respectively. Members of this genus chemoorganotroph, grow aerobically, but not under anaer- are thermophilic (40–70∘C), halophilic (0–5.0% obic conditions. Young cells are 0.6–1.1 μm in width and NaCl), alkalophilic (pH 5.0–11.0), endospore form- 3.0–8.0 μm in length; cells in stationary and death phases ing, Gram-positive, aerobic, motile, straight rods. are 0.6–1.2 μm in width and 9.0–35.0 μm in length. Forming Cell morphologies are dependent on the species and extremely long cells after the late exponential growth phase appear as single, in pairs, or in long straight or slightly is a salient characteristic of this genus. Colony morphologies curved chains. Cells become long after stationary vary, depending on the species and the age of the culture. phase of growth. Endospores are terminally located, The dominant fatty acids are iso-C15:0,iso-C17:0,andC16:0. and their shapes vary from ellipsoidal to oval. They Iso-C15:0 constitutes more than 60% of all the fatty acid are chemoorganotrophs, showing variations in carbon contents. MK-7 is the dominant menaquinone. Contains low and energy metabolism, depending on the species. amount of meso-DPM with A1 or A1′type peptidoglycan The dominant fatty acids are iso-C17:0,C16:0,and cross-linkages. Thermolongibacillus is a member of the phylum iso-C15:0. MK-7 is the dominant menaquinone. Their Firmicutes,classBacilli, order Bacillales, and family Bacillaceae. cell wall contains low amount of meso-diaminopimelate DNA G + C content (mol%): 43.5–44.8 (HPLC). (meso-DPM) and either A1γ or A1γ′-type peptidoglycan Type species: Thermolongibacillus altinsuensis Cihan et al. cross-linkages. They show <96.1% 16S rRNA gene (2014)VP. sequence similarities to all the other members of the Number of species with validated names: 2. family Bacillaceae. Family classification: The genus Thermolongibacillus is clas- DNA G + C content (mol%): 43.5–44.8 (HPLC). sified within the family Bacillaceae. ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria, Online © 2015 Bergey’s Manual Trust. This article is © 2019 Bergey’s Manual Trust. DOI: 10.1002/9781118960608.gbm01604. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., in association with Bergey’s Manual Trust. 2 Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria FIGURE 1. Phase-contrast micrographs of the strains T. kozakliensis E173aT and T. altinsuensis E265T grown at 60 and 55∘ConMI plates, respectively. (a) Young vegetative cells after 6 h; (b) vegetative and foresporal state of cells in a nonswollen sporangia after 18 h; (c) and (d) sporulating cells after 24 h; (e) thin and extremely long cells after 48 h; (f) free spores after 72 h. Bar, 5 μm. (Cihan et al. (2014). Reproduced with permission of Microbiology Society.) 7 μm 9 μm 3.5 μm E173aT 5 μm (a) (b) (c) 18 μm 6 μm E265T 4 μm 5 μm 6 μm 3 μm 18 μm 28 μm 2 μm E173aT (d) (e) (f) 15 μm 33 μm E265T 1.5 μm and exponential phases of growth. During the time between Further descriptive information the stationary and death phases (20–50 h of incubation), vegetative cells that have not sporulated become extremely Cell morphology and ultrastructure ................................................................................... long (9–35 μm), while their width remains almost the same (Figure 1e). When the cells are cultured on liquid media The genus Thermolongibacillus comprises two species with instead of MI plates, approximately half of the vegetative cells validly published names: Thermolongibacillus altinsuensis develop spores within 72 h, and the nonsporulated cells form (Cihan et al., 2014) and Thermolongibacillus kozakliensis filaments. Long cell formation can be observed in liquid (Cihan et al., 2014). Cells of this genus are described as cultures only after 7 days of incubation. The appearance Gram-positive, motile, spore-forming rods. When their morphological cell cycle is observed under phase-contrast of these long cells at the end of the exponential phase is microscope using cells grown on MI plates (Geobacillus ther- a defining characteristic of this genus, when compared to moglucosidans medium containing 1% soluble starch, pH 7.0, other thermophilic endospore-forming members of the fam- (Suzuki et al. 1976) during time periods for 6 h to 7 days ily Bacillaceae such as Aeribacillus, Anoxybacillus, Caldibacillus, (Figure 1), the cells are single, in pairs, or in long chains. Cell Geobacillus,andParageobacillus (Table 2). sizes show variation, depending on the incubation time. Cells Endospores in this genus are located terminally in the are 0.6–1.1 μm in width and 3.0–8.0 μminlengthinthelag cells without swollen sporangium. Sporulation starts after ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... This article is © 2019 Bergey’s Manual Trust. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., in association with Bergey’s Manual Trust. Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria 3 18–24 h of incubation on MI plates. However, in nutri- casein, acetate, pyruvate, succinate, benzoate, tryptone, pep- ent broth and MI broth, 50% sporulation can only be tone, yeast extract, and glycerol as sole carbon and energy observed after 72 h of incubation. Sizes of the free spores sources, but poorly oxidize butyrate, phenol, octane, and are 1.5–2 μm in length. Two members of this genus show dif- cyclohexane. They cannot grow on lactate, citrate, carbonate, ferent endospore-forming characteristics. Ellipsoidal to oval butanol, naphthalene, or naphthylamine. They are both neg- endospores occur in nonswollen sporangia of T. kozakliensis, ative for starch and gelatin utilization. Urea can be utilized whereas only ellipsoidal endospores occur in nonswollen only by T. altinsuensis. They are both nitrate reducers, positive sporangia of T. altinsuensis. for methyl red test, and negative for Voges–Proskauer test. Colonial and cultural characteristics They show different characteristics for acid production on ................................................................................... various carbon sources (Table 1). Both T. kozakliensis and Colony morphology of Thermolongibacillus shows variations, T. altinsuensis are negative for amylase, protease, lipase, depending on the species. Colonies of T. kozakliensis appear and α-glucosidase enzyme activities. They show sensitivity to as nonmucoid, cream color, opaque, circular, convex, and vancomycin, kanamycin, novobiocin, bacitracin, chloram- 1–3 mm in diameter with smooth surfaces on MI plates after phenicol, rifampicin, tetracycline, penicillin G, neomycin, 18–24 h of incubation at the optimum growth temperature and azithromycin. (60∘C). Actively growing T. altinsuensis’ colonies are ellip- soidal in shape, nonmucoid, light yellow in color, 2–6 mm Chemotaxonomic characteristics in width, and 4–10 mm in length with rough surface and ................................................................................... opaque centers with translucent edges on MI plates after The dominant cellular fatty acids in Thermolongibacillus 18–24 h of incubation at the optimum growth tempera- strains are iso-C15:0 (ranging from 60.68% to 63.94%), ture (55∘C). After the first cultivation following long-term iso-C (ranging from 12.50% to 12.74%), and C (rang- maintenance of T. altinsuensis, 60% of its colonies turn to 17:0 16:0 ing from 8.57% to 8.86%), and the iso-branched fatty acids cream color, circular, convex with entire edges, and 2–3 mm cover about 82–86% of all the cellular fatty acids. Other in diameter with smooth surfaces at 55∘C. Following two to three transfers, these round colonies turn ellipsoidal significant fatty acids include14:0 C (ranging from 3.97% in shape, become wider, and then form the final colony to 4.67%), anteiso-C15:0 (ranging from 2.29% to 3.21%), morphology of T. altinsuensis.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Desulfuribacillus Alkaliarsenatis Gen. Nov. Sp. Nov., a Deep-Lineage
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PubMed Central Extremophiles (2012) 16:597–605 DOI 10.1007/s00792-012-0459-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Desulfuribacillus alkaliarsenatis gen. nov. sp. nov., a deep-lineage, obligately anaerobic, dissimilatory sulfur and arsenate-reducing, haloalkaliphilic representative of the order Bacillales from soda lakes D. Y. Sorokin • T. P. Tourova • M. V. Sukhacheva • G. Muyzer Received: 10 February 2012 / Accepted: 3 May 2012 / Published online: 24 May 2012 Ó The Author(s) 2012. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract An anaerobic enrichment culture inoculated possible within a pH range from 9 to 10.5 (optimum at pH with a sample of sediments from soda lakes of the Kulunda 10) and a salt concentration at pH 10 from 0.2 to 2 M total Steppe with elemental sulfur as electron acceptor and for- Na? (optimum at 0.6 M). According to the phylogenetic mate as electron donor at pH 10 and moderate salinity analysis, strain AHT28 represents a deep independent inoculated with sediments from soda lakes in Kulunda lineage within the order Bacillales with a maximum of Steppe (Altai, Russia) resulted in the domination of a 90 % 16S rRNA gene similarity to its closest cultured Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium strain AHT28. representatives. On the basis of its distinct phenotype and The isolate is an obligate anaerobe capable of respiratory phylogeny, the novel haloalkaliphilic anaerobe is suggested growth using elemental sulfur, thiosulfate (incomplete as a new genus and species, Desulfuribacillus alkaliar- T T reduction) and arsenate as electron acceptor with H2, for- senatis (type strain AHT28 = DSM24608 = UNIQEM mate, pyruvate and lactate as electron donor.
    [Show full text]
  • Heat Resistant Thermophilic Endospores in Cold Estuarine Sediments
    Heat resistant thermophilic endospores in cold estuarine sediments Emma Bell Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering February 2016 Abstract Microbial biogeography explores the spatial and temporal distribution of microorganisms at multiple scales and is influenced by environmental selection and passive dispersal. Understanding the relative contribution of these factors can be challenging as their effects can be difficult to differentiate. Dormant thermophilic endospores in cold sediments offer a natural model for studies focusing on passive dispersal. Understanding distributions of these endospores is not confounded by the influence of environmental selection; rather their occurrence is due exclusively to passive transport. Sediment heating experiments were designed to investigate the dispersal histories of various thermophilic spore-forming Firmicutes in the River Tyne, a tidal estuary in North East England linking inland tributaries with the North Sea. Microcosm incubations at 50-80°C were monitored for sulfate reduction and enriched bacterial populations were characterised using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, functional gene clone libraries and high-throughput sequencing. The distribution of thermophilic endospores among different locations along the estuary was spatially variable, indicating that dispersal vectors originating in both warm terrestrial and marine habitats contribute to microbial diversity in estuarine and marine environments. In addition to their persistence in cold sediments, some endospores displayed a remarkable heat-resistance surviving multiple rounds of autoclaving. These extremely heat-resistant endospores are genetically similar to those detected in deep subsurface environments, including geothermal groundwater investigated from a nearby terrestrial borehole drilled to >1800 m depth with bottom temperatures in excess of 70°C.
    [Show full text]
  • Halophilic Microorganisms Are Responsible for the Rosy Discolouration of Saline Environments in Three Historical Buildings with Mural Paintings
    Halophilic Microorganisms Are Responsible for the Rosy Discolouration of Saline Environments in Three Historical Buildings with Mural Paintings Jo¨ rg D. Ettenauer1*, Valme Jurado2, Guadalupe Pin˜ ar1, Ana Z. Miller2,3, Markus Santner4, Cesareo Saiz-Jimenez2, Katja Sterflinger1 1 VIBT-BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria, 2 Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia, IRNAS- CSIC, Sevilla, Spain, 3 CEPGIST/CERENA, Instituto Superior Te´cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, 4 Bundesdenkmalamt, Abteilung fu¨r Konservierung und Restaurierung, Vienna, Austria Abstract A number of mural paintings and building materials from monuments located in central and south Europe are characterized by the presence of an intriguing rosy discolouration phenomenon. Although some similarities were observed among the bacterial and archaeal microbiota detected in these monuments, their origin and nature is still unknown. In order to get a complete overview of this biodeterioration process, we investigated the microbial communities in saline environments causing the rosy discolouration of mural paintings in three Austrian historical buildings using a combination of culture- dependent and -independent techniques as well as microscopic techniques. The bacterial communities were dominated by halophilic members of Actinobacteria, mainly of the genus Rubrobacter. Representatives of the Archaea were also detected with the predominating genera Halobacterium, Halococcus and Halalkalicoccus. Furthermore, halophilic bacterial strains, mainly of the phylum Firmicutes, could be retrieved from two monuments using special culture media. Inoculation of building materials (limestone and gypsum plaster) with selected isolates reproduced the unaesthetic rosy effect and biodeterioration in the laboratory. Citation: Ettenauer JD, Jurado V, Pin˜ar G, Miller AZ, Santner M, et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Horizontal Gene Flow Into Geobacillus Is Constrained by the Chromosomal Organization of Growth and Sporulation
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/381442; this version posted August 2, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Horizontal gene flow into Geobacillus is constrained by the chromosomal organization of growth and sporulation Alexander Esin1,2, Tom Ellis3,4, Tobias Warnecke1,2* 1Molecular Systems Group, Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom 2Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom 3Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom 4Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom *corresponding author ([email protected]) 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/381442; this version posted August 2, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Abstract Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in bacteria occurs in the context of adaptive genome architecture. As a consequence, some chromosomal neighbourhoods are likely more permissive to HGT than others. Here, we investigate the chromosomal topology of horizontal gene flow into a clade of Bacillaceae that includes Geobacillus spp. Reconstructing HGT patterns using a phylogenetic approach coupled to model-based reconciliation, we discover three large contiguous chromosomal zones of HGT enrichment.
    [Show full text]
  • Access to Electronic Thesis
    Access to Electronic Thesis Author: Khalid Salim Al-Abri Thesis title: USE OF MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO STUDY THE OCCURRENCE OF EXTREMOPHILES AND EXTREMODURES IN NON-EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS Qualification: PhD This electronic thesis is protected by the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. No reproduction is permitted without consent of the author. It is also protected by the Creative Commons Licence allowing Attributions-Non-commercial-No derivatives. If this electronic thesis has been edited by the author it will be indicated as such on the title page and in the text. USE OF MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO STUDY THE OCCURRENCE OF EXTREMOPHILES AND EXTREMODURES IN NON-EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS By Khalid Salim Al-Abri Msc., University of Sultan Qaboos, Muscat, Oman Mphil, University of Sheffield, England Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, England 2011 Introductory Pages I DEDICATION To the memory of my father, loving mother, wife “Muneera” and son “Anas”, brothers and sisters. Introductory Pages II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Above all, I thank Allah for helping me in completing this project. I wish to express my thanks to my supervisor Professor Milton Wainwright, for his guidance, supervision, support, understanding and help in this project. In addition, he also stood beside me in all difficulties that faced me during study. My thanks are due to Dr. D. J. Gilmour for his co-supervision, technical assistance, his time and understanding that made some of my laboratory work easier. In the Ministry of Regional Municipalities and Water Resources, I am particularly grateful to Engineer Said Al Alawi, Director General of Health Control, for allowing me to carry out my PhD study at the University of Sheffield.
    [Show full text]
  • Fictibacillus Phosphorivorans Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov. and Proposal to Reclassify
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2013), 63, 2934–2944 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.049171-0 Fictibacillus phosphorivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. and proposal to reclassify Bacillus arsenicus, Bacillus barbaricus, Bacillus macauensis, Bacillus nanhaiensis, Bacillus rigui, Bacillus solisalsi and Bacillus gelatini in the genus Fictibacillus Stefanie P. Glaeser,1 Wolfgang Dott,2 Hans-Ju¨rgen Busse3 and Peter Ka¨mpfer1 Correspondence 1Institut fu¨r Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universita¨t Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany Peter Ka¨mpfer 2Institut fu¨r Hygiene und Umweltmedizin, RWTH Aachen, Germany peter.kaempfer 3Institut fu¨r Bakteriologie, Mykologie und Hygiene, Veterina¨rmedizinische Universita¨t, A-1210 Wien, @umwelt.uni-giessen.de Austria A Gram-positive-staining, aerobic, endospore-forming bacterium (Ca7T) was isolated from a bioreactor showing extensive phosphorus removal. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity comparisons, strain Ca7T was grouped in the genus Bacillus, most closely related to Bacillus nanhaiensis JSM 082006T (100 %), Bacillus barbaricus V2-BIII-A2T (99.2 %) and Bacillus arsenicus Con a/3T (97.7 %). Moderate 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities were found to the type strains of the species Bacillus gelatini and Bacillus rigui (96.4 %), Bacillus macauensis (95.1 %) and Bacillus solisalsi (96.1 %). All these species were grouped into a monophyletic cluster and showed very low sequence similarities (,94 %) to the type species of the genus Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis.Thequinonesystemof strain Ca7T consists predominantly of menaquinone MK-7. The polar lipid profile exhibited the major compounds diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. In addition, minor compounds of an unidentified phospholipid and an aminophospholipid were detected. No glycolipids were found in strain Ca7T, which was consistent with the lipid profiles of B.
    [Show full text]
  • Natronobacillus Azotifigens Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., an Anaerobic Diazotrophic
    Extremophiles (2008) 12:819–827 DOI 10.1007/s00792-008-0188-0 ORIGINAL PAPER Natronobacillus azotifigens gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic diazotrophic haloalkaliphile from soda-rich habitats I. D. Sorokin Æ E. V. Zadorina Æ I. K. Kravchenko Æ E. S. Boulygina Æ T. P. Tourova Æ D. Y. Sorokin Received: 27 June 2008 / Accepted: 17 August 2008 / Published online: 4 September 2008 Ó The Author(s) 2008. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Gram-positive bacteria capable of nitrogen obligately alkaliphilic and highly salt-tolerant natrono- fixation were obtained in microoxic enrichments from soda philes (chloride-independent sodaphiles). Growth was soils in south-western Siberia, north-eastern Mongolia, and possible within a pH range from 7.5 to 10.6, with an the Lybian desert (Egypt). The same organisms were optimum at 9.5–10, and within a salt range from 0.2 to 4 M obtained in anoxic enrichments with glucose from soda Na?, with an optimum at 0.5–1.5 M for the different lake sediments in the Kulunda Steppe (Altai, Russia) using strains. The nitrogenase activity in the whole cells also had nitrogen-free alkaline medium of pH 10. The isolates were an alkaline pH optimum but was much more sensitive to represented by thin motile rods forming terminal round high salt concentrations compared to the growing cells. The endospores. They are strictly fermentative saccharolytic isolates formed a compact genetic group with a high level anaerobes but tolerate high oxygen concentrations, proba- of DNA similarity. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S- bly due to a high catalase activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Oligomeric Characterization of a Putative Biomarker of Oxidative Stress in the Blood Storage Scenario
    Università degli Studi della Tuscia di Viterbo Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche Dottorato di ricerca in Genetica e Biologia Cellulare – XXIV° CICLO Peroxiredoxin-2: Oligomeric characterization of a putative biomarker of oxidative stress in the blood storage scenario BIO 11 Coordinator Prof. Giorgio Prantera PhD student Barbara Blasi Tutor Prof. Lello Zolla -"Ora ajutami ad uscirne, - disse alla fine Zi' Dima. Ma quanto larga di pancia, tanto quella giara era stretta di collo. Zi' Dima, nella rabbia, non ci aveva fatto caso. Ora, prova e riprova, non trovava più il modo di uscirne. E il contadino, invece di dargli ajuto, eccolo là, si torceva dalle risa. Imprigionato, imprigionato lì, nella giara da lui stesso sanata e che ora - non c'era via di mezzo - per farlo uscire, doveva essere rotta daccapo e per sempre. "La giara". Luigi Pirandello, 1916. Index Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Blood 2 1.2 Erythrocytes 3 1.2.1 Erythrocytes membrane 3 1.2.2 Haemoglobin 6 1.2.3 Erythrocytes metabolism 7 1.3 Erythrocytes storage 9 1.3.1 Historic evolution 9 1.3.2 Blood fractionation 10 1.4 Erythrocytes storage lesions 11 1.4.1 Metabolic storage lesions 11 1.4.2 Enzymatic storage lesions 13 1.4.3 Physical storage lesions 13 1.4.4 Oxidative storage lesions 14 1.5 Antioxydative enzymatic defence 17 1.6 Peroxiredoxins 19 1.6.1 Mechanisms of regulation of Peroxiredoxins 19 1.6.2 Oligomerization of Peroxiredoxins 22 1.7 Aim of the thesis 24 Chapter 2. Materials and methods 2.1 Sampling 27 2.2 Deoxygenating treatment 27 2.3 RBC membrane preparation and trapping of PrxII in its native state 27 2.4 Gel electrophoresis 28 2.4.1 1D-SDS PAGE 28 2.4.2 Clear Native PAGE of cytosolic proteins 29 2.4.3 Blue Native PAGE of membrane proteins 29 2.4.4 2D CN/BN –SDS PAGE 29 2.5 Immunoblotting 30 2.6 RBC membrane lipoperoxidation 30 2.7 In gel PrxII activity assay 30 2.8 In gel digestion 31 2.9 Protein identification by tandem mass spectrometry 31 2.10 Statistical analysis 32 Chapter 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Biochemical Characterization and 16S Rdna Sequencing of Lipolytic Thermophiles from Selayang Hot Spring, Malaysia
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect IERI Procedia 5 ( 2013 ) 258 – 264 2013 International Conference on Agricultural and Natural Resources Engineering Biochemical Characterization and 16S rDNA Sequencing of Lipolytic Thermophiles from Selayang Hot Spring, Malaysia a a a a M.J., Norashirene , H., Umi Sarah , M.H, Siti Khairiyah and S., Nurdiana aFaculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Abstract Thermophiles are well known as organisms that can withstand extreme temperature. Thermoenzymes from thermophiles have numerous potential for biotechnological applications due to their integral stability to tolerate extreme pH and elevated temperature. Because of the industrial importance of lipases, there is ongoing interest in the isolation of new bacterial strain producing lipases. Six isolates of lipases producing thermophiles namely K7S1T53D5, K7S1T53D6, K7S1T53D11, K7S1T53D12, K7S2T51D14 and K7S2T51D19 were isolated from the Selayang Hot Spring, Malaysia. The sampling site is neutral in pH with a highest recorded temperature of 53°C. For the screening and isolation of lipolytic thermopiles, selective medium containing Tween 80 was used. Thermostability and the ability to degrade the substrate even at higher temperature was proved and determined by incubation of the positive isolates at temperature 53°C. Colonies with circular borders, convex in elevation with an entire margin and opaque were obtained. 16S rDNA gene amplification and sequence analysis were done for bacterial identification. The isolate of K7S1T53D6 was derived of genus Bacillus that is the spore forming type, rod shaped, aerobic, with the ability to degrade lipid.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacillus Coagulans S-Lac and Bacillus Subtilis TO-A JPC, Two Phylogenetically Distinct Probiotics
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Complete Genomes of Bacillus coagulans S-lac and Bacillus subtilis TO-A JPC, Two Phylogenetically Distinct Probiotics Indu Khatri☯, Shailza Sharma☯, T. N. C. Ramya*, Srikrishna Subramanian* CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, India ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. * [email protected] (TNCR); [email protected] (SS) a11111 Abstract Several spore-forming strains of Bacillus are marketed as probiotics due to their ability to survive harsh gastrointestinal conditions and confer health benefits to the host. We report OPEN ACCESS the complete genomes of two commercially available probiotics, Bacillus coagulans S-lac Citation: Khatri I, Sharma S, Ramya TNC, and Bacillus subtilis TO-A JPC, and compare them with the genomes of other Bacillus and Subramanian S (2016) Complete Genomes of Lactobacillus. The taxonomic position of both organisms was established with a maximum- Bacillus coagulans S-lac and Bacillus subtilis TO-A likelihood tree based on twenty six housekeeping proteins. Analysis of all probiotic strains JPC, Two Phylogenetically Distinct Probiotics. PLoS of Bacillus and Lactobacillus reveal that the essential sporulation proteins are conserved in ONE 11(6): e0156745. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0156745 all Bacillus probiotic strains while they are absent in Lactobacillus spp. We identified various antibiotic resistance, stress-related, and adhesion-related domains in these organisms, Editor: Niyaz Ahmed, University of Hyderabad, INDIA which likely provide support in exerting probiotic action by enabling adhesion to host epithe- lial cells and survival during antibiotic treatment and harsh conditions. Received: March 15, 2016 Accepted: May 18, 2016 Published: June 3, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Khatri et al.
    [Show full text]
  • High Oxygen As an Additional Factor in Food Preservation Promotor: Prof
    High Oxygen as an additional factor in Food Preservation Promotor: Prof. Dr. ir. F.M. Rombouts Hoogleraar in de Levensmiddelenhygiëne en microbiologie, Wageningen Universiteit Copromotors: Dr. L.G.M. Gorris SEAC, Unilever, Colworth House, Verenigd Koninkrijk Dr. E.J. Smid Groupleader Natural Ingredients, NIZO Food Research, Ede Samenstelling promotiecommissie: Prof. Dr. ir. J. Debevere (Universiteit Gent, België) Prof. Dr. G.J.E. Nychas (Agricultural University of Athens, Griekenland) Prof. Dr. J.T.M. Wouters (Wageningen Universiteit) Dr. J. Hugenholtz (NIZO Food Research, Ede) Athina Amanatidou High Oxygen as an additional factor in Food Preservation Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus, van Wageningen Universiteit, Prof. dr. ir. L. Speelman, in het openbaar te verdedigen op dinsdag 23 oktober des namiddags te half twee in de Aula Amanatidou A.-High Oxygen as an additional factor in Food Preservation-2001 Thesis Wageningen University-With summary in Dutch- pp. 114 ISBN: 90-5808-474-4 To my parents, my brother and to Erik Abstract In this thesis, the efficacy of high oxygen as an additional hurdle for food preservation is studied. At high oxygen conditions and at low temperature, significant impairment of growth and viability of bacterial cells is found to occur as the result of free radical attack. The imposed oxidative stress leads - to an increase of intracellularly generated reactive oxygen species (mainly O2 , H2O2 and HO·), which disturbs the cellular homeostasis due to catabolic imbalance and results in growth inhibition. The so- called “free radical burst” probably is responsible for the induction of a host defence mechanism against the destructive impact of high oxygen.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposal for Two New Genera, Brevibacillus Gen. Nov. and Aneurinibacillus Gen
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNALOF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY,OCt. 1996, p. 939-946 Vol. 46, No. 4 0020-7713/96/$04.00+0 Copyright 0 1996, International Union of Microbiological Societies Proposal for Two New Genera, Brevibacillus gen. nov. and Aneurinibacillus gen. nov. OSAMU SHIDA,'" HIROAKI TAKAGI,' KIYOSHI KADOWAKI,l AND KAZUO KOMAGATA' Research Laboratory, Higeta Shoyu Co., Ltd., Choshi, Chiba 288, and Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Japan 16s rRNA gene sequences of the type strains of 11 species belonging to the Bacillus brevis and Bacillus aneurinolyticus groups were determined. On the basis of the results of gene sequence analyses, these species were separated into two clusters. The B. brevis cluster included 10 species, namely, Bacillus brevis, Bacillus agri, Bacillus centrosporus, Bacillus choshinensis, Bacillus parabrevis, Bacillus reuszeri, Bacillus formosus, Bacillus borstelensis, Bacillus luterosporus, and Bacillus thermoruber. Bacillus aneurinolyticus and Bacillus migulunus belonged to the B. aneurinolyticus cluster. Moreover, the two clusters were phylogenetically distinct from other Bacillus, Amphibacillus, Sporoluctobacillus, Paenibacillus, and Alicyclobacillus species. On the basis of our data, we propose reclassification of the B. brevis cluster as Brevibacillus gen. nov. and reclassification of the B. aneurinolyticus cluster as Aneurinibacillus gen. nov. By using 16s rRNA gene sequence alignments, two specific PCR amplification primers were designed for differentiating the two new genera from each other and from other aerobic, endospore-formingorganisms. The aerobic, rod-shaped, endospore-forming genus Bacillus is a systematically diverse taxon (5).The members of this genus exhibit a wide range of DNA base compositions, and the major amino acid compositions of the cell walls of these organisms 8.
    [Show full text]