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Malawian Food Composition Table 2019

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Malawian Food Composition Table 2019 GOVERNMENT OF MALAWI MALAWIAN FOOD COMPOSITION TABLE 2019 February 2020 FOREWORD Adequate nutrition throughout the lifecycle is the As one way of ensuring adequate nutrition and centerpiece for every individual’s physical and improved standards of locally-processed foods intellectual development since nutrition is a key for the general population, the GoM, with support determinant of one’s intellectual performance, from the USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab academic and professional achievements, and overall for Nutrition at the Friedman School of Nutrition work productivity. Because nutrition is fundamental Science and Policy, Tufts University, South African for socioeconomic growth and development of Food Data System (SAFOODS) of the South African the country, the Government of Malawi (GoM) has Medical Research Council, and Lilongwe University identified good nutrition as a key priority in its national of Agriculture & Natural Resources (LUANAR) and development agenda articulated in the Malawi financial support from USAID, Malawi embarked Growth Development Strategy III. To operationalize to develop a food composition database. The the Malawi Growth and Development Strategy III, the Malawian Food Composition Database (MFCDB) GoM developed a comprehensive National Multi- and subsequent publication of the information from Sector Policy and Strategic Plan 2018-2022, which the Database, into the Malawian Food Composition incorporates emerging issues such as diet-related, Table (MFCT) describe the nutritive value of locally- noncommunicable diseases. Additionally, the GoM produced and imported foods that are available is developing the food and nutrition legislation to in Malawi. Country-specific food composition support implementation of the National Multi-Sector databases and tables are essential tools for assessing Nutrition Policy (NMNP). and planning dietary nutrient intake for individuals and populations. The MFCDB is therefore pivotal It is worth noting that Malawi is making considerable in nutrition and dietetic practice, as well as food strides in improving indicators of nutrition as labeling to ensure improved nutritional wellbeing of evidenced by the reduction in prevalence of stunting the general population. i from 47 percent in 2010 to 37 percent in 2016, and reduction in vitamin A deficiency from 22 percent This first edition of the Malawian Food Composition in 2009 to 3.6 percent in 2016, among other Table will benefit all nutrition and allied stakeholders, achievements. The strides made require continued including the private sector, in generating nutritious investment through the integration of nutrition in diets from locally-available foods. It will also provide various areas such as maternal, infant and young child a platform for continued research and analysis of FOREWORD nutrition, and food and dietary diversity. Most of the other local foods not yet included in this edition, nutritional challenges that Malawi is facing emanate thereby contributing to improved nutritional status from well-known underlying causes, including lack of and health of the citizens of Malawi, who would knowledge, which leads to poor food processing and effectively contribute to the economic growth and poor utilization. development of the country. MALAWIAN FOOD COMPOSITION TABLE 2019 FOOD COMPOSITION TABLE MALAWIAN ____________________________________________ Dr. Dan Namarika SECRETARY FOR HEALTH AND POPULATION ISBN: 978-1-928340-41-6 ii Published Date: July, 2019 EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY: South African Medical Research Council, Biostatistics Unit – SAFOODS PO Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505, SOUTH AFRICA SUGGESTED REFERENCE: MAFOODS. 2019. Malawian Food Composition Table. 1st Edition. Averalda van Graan, Joelaine Chetty, Malory Jumat, Sitilitha Masangwi, Agnes Mwangwela, Felix Pensulo Phiri, Lynne M. Ausman, Shibani Ghosh, Elizabeth Marino-Costello (Eds). Lilongwe, Malawi. FUNDING SOURCE: Support for this research was provided by the Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, which is funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID- 2019 FOOD COMPOSITION TABLE MALAWIAN Malawi Mission). The opinions expressed herein are solely those of the authors. DISCLAIMER: Although every attempt has been made to ensure that the data in the Malawian Food Composition Table (the “tables”) and accompanying documentation are correct and accurate, the Department of Nutrition, HIV and AIDS (DNHA) , Malawi Ministry of Health does not provide any warranties (expressed or implied) in respect of such tables and accompanying documentation and disclaims all and any liability for loss (including in respect of profits), damage (special, indirect, direct or consequential), interruption of business and/or any expenses incurred by any party which may arise from the use of such tables or accompanying documentation. Without distracting from the generality of the aforementioned, the DNHA does not warrant the correctness, the merchantability, fitness for purpose or the performance as stated in such tables and accompanying documentation. The tables and accompanying documentation are a research tool only and are intended to be used by knowledgeable persons in the field of nutrition. TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword i Acronyms List iv Acknowledgments v Chapter 1 – Introduction 7 Chapter 2 – The Compilation Process 8 2.1 Introduction 8 2.2 The Scoping Phase 8 2.3 Compilation Implementation Phase 8 2.3.1 Collection of Nutrient Data 8 2.3.2 Organization and Assessment of Compilation Data 8 2.3.3 Compilation of the Master Database 9 2.4 Quality Assurance Phase 9 2.4.1 Initial Data Quality Check and Assurance 9 2.4.2 Final Data Quality Checks 9 Chapter 3 – Understanding the Tables 10 3.1 Introduction 10 3.2 Food Groups 10 3.2.1 Food Codes 10 3.2.2 Food Description 10 3.2.3 Component/Nutrient Values 10 iii 3.2.4 Nutrient Information Notes 11 3.3 Sources of Information 12 3.4 Summary Statistics of the Components of the MFCDB 13 3.5 How to Read the Tables 14 3.6 Statistics 15 3.7 Recipe Calculation 16 3.7.1 Recipe Methodology 16 Chapter 4 – Nutrient Tables 17 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE Group 1: Staples 18-32 Group 2: Legumes 33-37 Group 3: Animal Foods 38-49 Group 4: Vegetables 50-56 2019 FOOD COMPOSITION TABLE MALAWIAN Group 5: Fruits 57-61 Group 6: Fats and Oils 62-63 Group 7: Baby Foods 64-74 Group 8: Miscellaneous 75-76 Alphabetical List 77 References 84 Addendum 89 ACRONYMS LIST AFSSA French Food Safety Agency AOAC Association of Official Agricultural Chemists BLS German Nutrient Database CSPO Food Composition Database for Epidemiological Studies in Italy DNHA Department of Nutrition, HIV and AIDS EUROFIR European Food Information Resource FAO Food and Agriculture Organization (United Nations) GoM Government of Malawi INFOODS International Network of Food Data Systems LUANAR Lilongwe University of Agriculture & Natural Resources MAFOODS The Malawian Food Data System MFCDB Malawian Food Composition Database MFCT Malawian Food Composition Table MW Malawi MZF Mozambique NMNP National Multi-Sector Nutrition Policy PAT Policy Advisory Team SAFOODS South African Food Data System SAMRC South African Medical Research Council iv SANE Strengthening Agriculture and Nutrition Extension USAID United States Agency for International Development USDA United States Department of Agriculture WA West Africa ZA South Africa ACRONYMS LIST MALAWIAN FOOD COMPOSITION TABLE 2019 FOOD COMPOSITION TABLE MALAWIAN ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This publication is a result of the efforts of a number Particular acknowledgement is due to Mr. Felix Pensulo of institutions and individuals who have contributed Phiri, Director of Nutrition in Malawi’s Department of in various ways. “The Malawian Food Composition Nutrition, HIV and AIDS, and his team for supporting Table 2019’’ would not have been possible without the research. Additionally, we acknowledge the active participation and collaboration of the core support rendered by Mrs Violet Ochardson from initiative team, the core consultancy team and USAID- Malawi Mission. all stakeholders within the country to which the government is indebted. The data used to compile the tables were gathered from scientific literature on Malawian food analyses. We acknowledge Dr. Agnes Mwangwela and Ms. Key individuals assisted in this process by sharing Sitilitha Masangwi, at LUANAR and the Food Science information on food composition data. We express and Human Nutrition graduate students from 2013 appreciation to Dr. Alexander Kalimbira, Dr. Kingsley to 2017 cohorts, who took part in data gathering and Masamba, Prof. Jeremiah Kang’ombe, Dr. Tinna contributed to discussions which resulted in many of Manani, Dr. Moses Maliro, Dr. Madalitso Tsakama, the decisions made during the process of creating Mr. Vincent Mlotha, Mr. Gregory Chingala and this publication. We also recognize all members of all individuals whose work has contributed to the the initiative team for supporting and undertaking Malawian Food Composition Table 2019. the research involved with the compilation of the Malawian Food Composition Database. Further appreciation is extended to the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Special thanks to Dr. Averalda Van Graan, Ms. Valid Nutrition, The National Nutrition Committee Joelaine Chetty and Ms. Malory Jumat of the core and Mrs. Stacia Nordin from Strengthening consultancy team from the South African Food Data Agriculture and Nutrition Extension (SANE) for v System (SAFOODS) within the South African Medical sharing valuable information
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