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Home , Agriculture in China, Charter 08, Chen Xitong, Chen Yonglin, Ding Zilin, Hu Ping (politician)

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Annotated Bibliography of Xiaobo’s Texts in Chronological

Year Chinese English Title Category 04/1984 艺术直觉 On Artistic Intuition 关系学院 学 1 1984 庄子 On 社科学战线 05/1985 和冲突 – 中西美意的差别 Harmony and Conflicts – Differences between Chinese 京师范大学 and Western 学 07/1985 味觉说 Theory of Taste 科知

Early 1986 种的美思潮 – 徐星陈村索拉的 A New Aesthetic Trend – Remarks Inspired by the Works 文学 2 部作谈起 of Xu Xing, Cun and Liu Suola (1986:3) 04/1986 无法回避的思 – 几部关知子的小说 Unavoidable Reflection – Contemplating Stories on 中 / 谈起 Intellectuals (EN 94) Thesis

03/10/1986 机，时期文学面临机 Crisis! New Era’s Literature is Facing a Crisis (FR) 深圳青 10/1986 李厚对 – Dialogue with Zehou (1) 中 1986 On Solitude (EN) 家 1988:2

1 th Zhuangzi was a Chinese Daoist thinker who lived around the 4 century BC during the , when the Hundred Schools of Thought flourished. 2 writer Chen Cun (1954-) and writers Liu Suola (1955-) and Xu Xing (1956-) who expressed contempt for the formal of the mid-1980s and its pretention. responded to a conservative attack on 'superfluous people' by defending these three writers who were popular in 1985 and who would be also attacked in 1990 as “rebellious aristocrats” whose works displayed a “liumang mentality.” He wrote a positive interpretation of their way of “ridiculing the sacred, the lofty and commonly valued standards and traditional attitude.” He also drew a connection between traditional “individualists” such as Zhuangzi, the poet Yuanming (365-427 CE) and the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove (竹林七) as related to this modem trend of irreverence. At that time, Liu Xiaobo also repeatedly railed against the “collective impotence” (体痿) of the Chinese. Xu Xing wrote about Liu Xiaobo here. 2

3 1987 选择的批判—李厚对 Criticism of the Choice: Dialogues with Li Zehou Book 1987 的眼睛 Kafka’s Eyes 的大学 BNU 01 to 10/1987 美心理研 Research on Aesthetics Psychology 作赏 Liberation for the Chinese Lies in Self-Awakening 十, 4 01/1987 中人的解在自觉醒 (Dec. 1986 Interview with Geremie Barmé ) 1987:3 HK Criticism of Choice – Dialogue with Li Zehou Book 海人民 1987 + 89 选择的批判 – 李厚对 社 04/1987 李厚对 Epilogue to “Dialogue with Li Zehou” Book 5 04/1987 看屈原 How I See Qu 关文学 04/1987 漫漫的苦难程 The Everlasting Experience of Suffering 关文学 08/1987 再时期文学面临机 Further Comments on Literature of New Era is Facing 家 1988:1 Crisis 01 to 06/1988 文学系文 Serial Essays on Foreign Literature 大学 th 6 Tragedy of Enlightenment – Criticism of May 4 夏文学 02/1988 启蒙的悲剧 – “•” 批判 Movement

06/1988 美人的自 Aesthetics and Human Freedom (PhD Thesis) BNU Press 07/07/1988 美和人的自 Epilogue to “Aesthetics and Human Freedom” Book

3 Li Zehou (1930-) is a Chinese scholar of philosophy and intellectual history who resides in the since 1991. 4 Geremie Barmé (1954-) is an Australian sinologist based at the Australian National University. Scanned interview on file with author.

5 Qu Yuan (343-278 BC) was a Chinese poet and minister who lived during the Warring States period of ancient . Liu Xiaobo is critical of Qu Yuan as he see in him the Chinese model of the loyal patriot. 6 See also in 明 (HK) 281 (1989): 37-45.

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7 and 启蒙 I :10 + 1988 形而学中文 明刊 HK : A Devil Incarnate (EN) 解 10/1988 混世魔王毛 11/1988 HK

Interview with Liu Xiaobo: the “Dark ” of the 解 12/1988 文 “黑马” 晓 – 晓答者 Literati 11/1988 HK River Elegy isn’t Thorough Enough – A Critique of River 解 12/1988 河够彻 份脑青晓批判河 Elegy by Angry Youth Liu Xiaobo (EN) 11/1988 HK – 8 Foreigners’ Salons and Cultural Invasion 解 1989 03/1989 样沙龙文侵略 HK (3) Going Naked Toward God Book 1989 赤裸体，走向帝 (unpublished) The Fog of Metaphysics Book 1989 形而学的迷雾 (Shanghai) Mysteries of Thought and Dreams of Mankind (2 Book () 1989 思想谜人类梦 volumes) 9 20/04/1989 Suggestions for Reform , HK 悲剧英的悲剧 – 胡邦逝世象， The Tragedy of a Tragic Hero – Three Critiques of the Hu 世界日 USA ， Yaobang Phenomena (1, 2, 3) (EN) 22/04/1989

7 This text was published in a book series edited by Wang Yuanhua entitled New Enligthenment.

8 According to Geremie Barmé, the first part of this article is a riposte to the "ill informed" Trivia of the Peking Foreigners' Salons (京洋沙龙的形形色色) by Manke

(杨漫克).

9 Published with Hu Ping and Chen Jun, it urged the CPC to reflect on and correct its errors, and suggested to reevaluate the anti-Spiritual Pollution movement in 1983 and the anti- movement in 1987, to amend the Constitution by removing the Four Cardinal Principles from the Constitution and inserting language safeguarding human , allowing private publications, ending the conviction of people based on their words, and implementing genuine and of the press. 4

10 22/04/1989 中大学生的公开信 Open Letter to College Students in China 狂妄–中文的道德的 Arrogance Will Be Punished by Heaven – On the Fatal 明報刊 谬误 Consequences of Moral Absolutism in Chinese Culture 1989:8

悲剧英的悲剧 – 胡邦逝世象， The Tragedy of a Tragic Hero – Three Critiques of the Hu 解 HK ， Yaobang Phenomena (1, 2, 3) 04/1989 13/05/1989 师大党的公开信 Open Letter to Communist Party of BNU Appeal 13/05/1989 们的建 Our Suggestions (BNU Autonomous Student Union) 明報刊 HK 告海人关心中题的人士 An Appeal to Overseas Chinese and to All Foreigners Appeal 11 17/05/1989 书 Concerned with China's Problems 12 23/05/1989 Unknown Our Suggestions Tract 02/06/1989 六·绝言 June Second Strike Declaration EN/FR 13 On the Doorway to Hell – Reconsidering Marxism 闻自 30/09/1989 在地狱的入处 – 对马克思的再检 No. 11 14 Contemporary Politics and Intellectuals of China 唐山 1990 中治中知份子 社

10 A list of 7 suggestions sent from New York by Liu Xiaobo, Hu Ping, Chen Jun, and eight others to the demonstrating students. 11 See English translation in Ogden, S. (1992) China's Search for Democracy: The Student and the Mass Movement of 1989. (pp. 220-221).

12 Released in the of the Independent Student Union of Beijing Normal University. It called for the the growth of civic consciousness (公民意). recognition and inclusion of the workers and peasants in a Solidarity-like campaign, for an end to martial law and an emergency session of the National People’s Congress, for organized autonomous groups to hold elections to represent their interests, for students to reflect on their movement, reorganize themselves on a rational and democratic basis, and for the eight impotent political parties to push for real political power. 13 US-based weekly Press Freedom Herald edited by Cao Changqing, previously editor of Shenzhen Youth Daily. 14 The book was translated in Japanese in 1992 and in English in 1995 by Roger Noether in the journal & Government, Volume 38, Issue 4 & 5 (2005).

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Epilogue to “Chinese Politics and Contemporary Taiwan 03/1989 中治中知份子 Intellectuals” (EN/FR) Reflections of an anti-traditionalist, the revelation in New West 1990 中治中知份子 York

1993 在海边 Sitting on the Beach Philosophical 1993 日幸者的 Monologue of a Doomsday's Survivor Book (Taiwan) 01/1993 Interview for Gate of Heavenly Peace Documentary An Inside View of the Cultural Life of People on the 中时周刊 03/1993 Toushi dalu renminde wenhua shenghuo Mainland 62 俗走和无灵 – 文革的大文党文 Becoming Cheap and Soulless – Post- Chinese Popular Culture and Party Culture 00/05/1993 In Hell, I Do Not Complain About the Darkness – China Spring 00/05/1993 既入地狱，就抱怨黑暗 – 采晓 Interview with Liu Xiaobo

05/06/1993 们被们的压倒 How We Are Overwhelmed With Our Sense of “Justice” United Daily News, Taiwan 1994 大的教革 That Holy Word Revolution (see 05/02/2001) History

National Pride of the Slave: About the Recent Kaifang (FR) 11/1994 Unknown Nationalistic Wave in China 15 The Specter of Mao Zedong Kaifang 12: 22- 1994 中共毛派邓的困境 – 邓时的察 24 CCP as an Impostor and ’s Predicament: Open Magazine Post-Deng Era’s Testimony and Observation Kaifang Zazhi 1994 中共冒牌邓的困境 邓时的证据察 12

15 This article was published in the context of a Mao Craze at a time where speculation about the post-Deng era was rife. In it, Liu points out that Deng failed to stop Maos’ spectre from plaguing his reformist policies because he is reluctant or unable to “cut the umbilical cord to the Chairman and develop a reform strategy that could move beyond Mao.” While in Kong in late 1988, Liu published a similar critique in Kaifang magazine entitled “Mao Zedong: A Devil Incarnate.” 6

Call for Medical Parole for Chen Ziming (with Bao Call 16 1995 陈子明就的公开信 (包遵信, 乐黛) Zunxin, Yue Daiyun …) 17 Anti-Corruption Proposal to Third Plenum of Eight NPC Anti-corruption 20/02/1995 腐建书 – 八届人大全 petition letter th Learn the Lessons of Blood and Promote Process of 6 anniversary, 18 汲血的教民法治程 –“六”六 Democracy and – Sixth Anniversary of UN year of th 05/1995 周吁书 June 4 Petition Letter tolerance

Detained for 9 months at the foot of Fragrant Released 05/1995 Hills 02/1996 th I Started Smoking at 11 – Writing for 30 Anniversary of Cultural 17/04/1996 十岁开始烟 – “文革”十而作 “Cultural Revolution” Revolution

08/1996 Meet Wang Xizhe in th 19 October 10 Declaration (EN) Taiwan-China relationship, 10/10/1996 十言 (对前若大是的意) Political system

12/10/1996 Detained and sent to RTL 00/11/1996 狱中随笔 Essay in Prison (II) History

16 Yue Daiyun (1931-) was a professor of Literature at who signed . For more details on her background and trajectory, see Anita Chan, A. (July 1998) “Self-Deception as a Survival Technique: The Case of Yue Daiyun” The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, No. 19/20, pp. 345-358. 17 This proposal included in a first part 7 short-term reform goals: 1) institution of independent oversight by the NPC of the ruling party and governing body, and establishment of an NPC Anti-Corruption Committee; 2) special legislation by the NPC against waste and fraud in the use of national resources; 3) implementation of judicial lifetime tenure; 4) enactment of civil service examination; 5) legislation for public official assets declaration; 6) legislation prohibiting commercial business operation by officials while in office; 7) freedom of public opinion and supervision. In a second part, it included 5 long-term reform goals: 1) lifting of ban on political parties; 2) ; 3) establishment of an independent constitutional court; 4) freedom of press; and 5) constitutional amendment guaranteeing the lawfulness of private property ownership. 18 See English translation (p.4) http://www.amnesty.org/fr/library/asset/ASA17/020/1997/fr/2186726b-f889-11dd-b378-7142bfbe1838/asa170201997en.pdf 19 See Wang, X. and Liu, X. (January 1997) "The Nationality Question" Index on Censorship Vol. 26, No. 1. pp. 110-111.

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(Imperial China) 20 In Between Traditional Perspective on Truth and Human Book Review 在统真理和人类苦难间 – 狱中读书笔 Sufferings – Study Notes in Prison (I) (see 20/11/1996 20/05/2006)

12/1996 十中的治 Political of the 1990s Beijing Spring

01/1997 十中的极端民族 Extreme Nationalism of the 1990s Beijing Spring Lessons of the Cold War – Reading “In Retrospect: The Book Review Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam” in Prison (1995 Robert 02/01/1997 冷战的教 – 狱中读战回 McNamara) 21 Poetry is a Language from the Womb – Study Notes in Book Review 04/01/1997 诗是来自子中的语言–狱中读书笔 Prison Artists Amid the Red Terror – Study Notes in Prison Book Review (Buñuel + 09/01/1997 色恐怖中的艺术家 – 狱中读书笔 Duras)

22 09/01/1997 铁窗的福音 – 狱中读书笔 Gospel behind Iron Bars – Study Notes in Prison Book Review Enlightenment of Mighty Defence – Study Notes in Book Review Prison (Arendt, Eichmann, Heidegger, Alan 27/02/1997 大辩的启示 – 狱中读书笔 Dershowitz)

00/03/1997 择手的道 Chinese Officials Stop at Nothing Imperial China

20 Jay, M. (1973) History of the Frankfurt School 21 Gaston Bachelard, La Poétique la rêverie (1960) 22 Hans Küng, On Being a Christian (1974) was translated in Chinese in 1995. 8

23 03/03/1997 读明笔 Study Notes on Ming Dynasty I Book Review

15/03/1997 读明笔 Study Notes on Ming Dynasty II Book Review 00/04/1997 读明笔 Study Notes on Ming Dynasty III Book Review 24 Reading “Two Concepts of Liberty”: From Study Notes Book Review 01/05/1997 读种自概念 – 狱中读书笔 in Prison 25 30/05/1997 中营节省来的精火 Spiritual Fire I Have Saved in the Concentration Camp To Liu Xia

Liu Xiaobo: Prison Notes I Poems to Liu 00/07/1997 晓：狱中随笔 Xia 26 00/04/1998 虚美矫饰的 A History of Pretense and Embellishment Book Review

青楼中真人性 – 狱中读陈恪柳如是别 Real Human Is Seen in Brothels – Reading Chen Book Review Yinke “An Alternative Biography of Liu Rushi” in Prison Chinese History 19/06/1998 Opening the Divine Forehead of – Reading “The Book Review 打开苏格拉的圣额头 – 狱中读判苏格 Trial of Socrates in Prison (I.F. Stone, ” 23/06/1998 拉 1988) 27 To be Alive and Live with Dignity – Living Conditions of Dignity EN 00/08/1998 了活着和活尊 – 关于中人的生状态 Chinese People Stranger’s Intrusion – Prison Notes Dietrich Bonhoeffer 30/08/1998 生人的入 – 狱中随笔 (book review)

23 History of Ming (1368 to 1644) by Xu Guangqi 24 Isaiah (1909-1997) 25 Adorno: “poetry after Auschwitz shameful” 26 Twenty-Four Histories 27 On living with dignity in China by Susan Wilf (Harvard, pp. 128-30)

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28 面对恐怖和死亡的容 – 狱中读狱中书 Keeping Calm in the Face of Terror and Death: Re- Book Review 00/10/1998 简 reading “Letters and Papers from Prison” (16/11/2005) 29 Protestant Created Secular Miracles: Reading Max Book Review 28/11/1998 教伦理造世俗迹 – 狱中读韦伯笔 Weber in Prison

From Li to Liu Shaoqi: “Meritorious Ministers” Tragic Book Review 李到少：死于极权的“臣” – Deaths under Totalitarian System – Re-reading “Records (Sima Qian) 12/1998 狱中再读想到的 of the Grand Historian” in Prison 30 Reading “Taking Rights Seriously” – From Study Notes Book Review 05/12/1998 读认真对待权利– 狱中读书笔 in Prison (see 01/2005) 31 The Dark Side of Heidegger His life, Arendt, 05/12/1998 海德格尔的暗面 etc. 32 Reading “The Spirit of Prague and Other Essays”: From Book Review 00/00/1999 读拉格精– 狱中读书笔 Study Notes in Prison

Mighty Pope Revolution Essay on Pope, Religion, 09/02/1999 大的教革 Aquinas 33 Devastation of Terror on Human Nature – Reading Book Review 14/03/1999 恐怖对人性的摧残 – 狱中读1957 的夏 “Summer of 1957” in Prison 1998

28 Book title: 1943–1945 Letters and Papers from Prison by dissenting anti-Nazi theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer (1906-1945) who is is perhaps most famous for his "Christianity without religion" project. 29 See Economy and Society (on 3 religious attitudes) 1922. Liu Xiaobo seems inspired by the Weberian distinction between ethics of responsibility and conviction.

30 1978 book by (1931-2013), an American philosopher and scholar of constitutional law who argued that rights should “trump” or override collective goals that do not respect individual rights. For an account of Ronald Dworkin’s China tour in 2002, see: https://www.chinafile.com/taking-rights-seriously-beijing . 31 (1889-1976) and (1906-1975) were German philosophers. 32 1994 book by Ivan Klíma (1931-), a Czech novelist and playwright. 10

Wait for Me with Dust – For My Wife Waiting All Day Poem to Liu Xia 09/04/1999 和尘起等 – 给日等待的妻 Long 34 Re-reading “Notes from Underground” in Prison Book Review (see 12/04/1999 狱中读地手 03/12/2007)

Reading “A Brief History of Scholarly Works in Han Book Review 04/05/1999 读汉学术略 Dynasty” 民粹的漫和的蛮横 – 狱中读行知中 Populist Romance and Autocratic Viciousness – Reading Book Review 35 07/05/1999 教育改造 Tao Xingzhi’s “Reform of Chinese Education” in Prison (Tao Xingzhi )

Double Misplacement of Anti-Western Trend of Thoughts Book Review 36 18/07/1999 错的西方思潮 – 狱中读方学 – Reading “Orientalism” in Prison (Edward Saïd ) 07/10/1999 Released from Dalian RTL Tragedy of Freedom , 09/11/1999 自的悲剧 Intellectuals Appendix of Testimonials : Letter from Liu Xiaobo to Appendix, Liao “ ” 37 24/11/1999 证词录：晓给廖的信 Yiwu

33 Zhu Zheng, The Summer of 1957: From the Hundred Schools of Contending to the Two Schools of Contending. The main topic is the anti-rightists movement. 34 1864 book by Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881), Russian writer, essayist and philosopher.

35 Tao Xingzhi (1891-1946) was a renowned educator who studied at . His name (xingzhi) meant "action-knowledge" reflecting and reversing the catch-phrase of the Neo-Confucian thinker (1472-1529) which implied instead that knowledge () is acquired through action (xing). Overall, Liu Xiaobo is critical of Tao Xingzhi and disagrees with his for not leading to democracy.

36 Edward Saïd (1935-2003) was a Palestinian-American citizen and public intellectual teaching Literature at Columbia University and often associated with critical-theory and Post-colonialism. 37 Liao Yiwu (1958-) is a writer, musician and poet who has been a close friend of Liu Xia and Liu Xiaobo since the 1980s. He was arrested in February 1990 and sentenced to 4 years for his “counter-revolutionary” writings in a prison where the conditions were much more painful than for Liu Xiaobo. He signed Charter 08. (: 2003 Watch Hellman-Hammett Grant / 2007: ICPC Freedom to Write ). In July 2011, he escaped China through Vietnam to where he now lives.

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2000 晓霞诗选 Selected Poems of Liu Xiabo and Liu Xia Book (HK) A Belle Gave me Knockout Drug (BOOK) Lao Xia co-author 38 2000 美人赠蒙汗药 Wang Shuo 13/01/2000 晓给廖的信 Letter From Liu Xiaobo To Liao Yiwu Letter 23/02/2000 拉格，是个词 – 廖的诗作序 Gulag is Not a Noun – Preface to the Poetry of Liao Yiwu Preface

02/03/2000 逼供的统 Ancient Tradition of Use of Torture in Interrogation Human Rights 开的岛屿封的大 – 湾大选联想到 Open Island and Closed Mainland – Thoughts on Taiwan, 02/03/2000 的 Taiwan’s General Election Democracy

00/04/2000 和：唯选择 民：最佳前提 Peace: the Only Choice, Democracy: the Best Premise Democracy 39 Cutting Society’s Tongue Police Crime, 05/05/2000 割去社的头 Case th Tremors from the Tomb – Commemorating the 11 June Fourth th Anniversary of June Fourth (11 14/05/2000 来自坟墓的震撼 – “六”十周祭 anniversary) Concealment of Truth and Deception by Intellectuals: Intellectuals 00/06/2000 知子的瞒骗 – 狱中读书笔 From Study Notes in Prison

Lu Xun’s Tragedy Writer, Lu 40 13/06/2000 鲁迅的悲剧 Xun

38 Wang Shuo (1958-) is a writer, director and actor who has written over 20 novels, television series and movies. While he is described by conservative Chinese critics as a 'spiritual pollutant' for his hooligan of writing, he remains popular for his writings on the culturally confused and rebellious behavior of the Cultural Revolution’s generation by using the language spoken by people on the street as well as Beijing dialect. His style is satirical, not a direct critique of the Communist autocracy, but a mockery and indifference to political correctness. See MA thesis on his work.

39 In early May 2000, the Souther Weeekend newspaper reported that the police in Shanxi had cut the tongue of the villager Li Lusong after detaining and torturing him for twelve days for writing anti-corruption slogans on a party office building. 40 Lu Xun (1881-1936) was a leading writer of modern . 12

41 24/06/2000 看钱钟书, 沉默即死亡 How I See Qian Zhongshu, Silence is Death Writer

Patriotism in the Style of “Rather Be Slaves for China Patriotism 24/07/2000 “宁家，”式的爱 than Taking Foreign Humiliation” The Emperor’s Economics 1990s 01/08/2000 御用经济学 Economists

00/09/2000 中的经济 Economic Cost of Chinese System System Cost for Freedom and Dignity Preface for the Collected Dignity, Preface 42 – 14/09/2000 自尊的 – 权包遵信文序 Works of Bao Zunxin

12/11/2000 人权高于权 Human Rights are Above Human Rights New Rules of New Century UN, Human 20/11/2000 世纪的规 Rights

24/11/2000 自治的权利 Right to Autonomy , A Funeral Song for Spirit Turning Revelry Song for Lust Culture, Writer, 00/12/2000 心灵乐肉体歌 Media

Discussing Chinese-style Corruption: Mistaking the Corruption 15/12/2000 中式腐：倒置的关系 Means for the End Discussing Chinese-style Corruption II: Power, Violence Corruption 15/12/2000 中式腐：权力暴力腐 and Anti-corruption

43 16/12/2000 入 WTO 营经济的前景 Access to WTO and Prospects for Private Enterprises Economics

41 Qian Zhongshu (1910-1998) was a Chinese literary scholar and writer famous for his satiric short stories Men, Beasts and Ghosts (1946) and his novel Fortress Besieged (1947) which was reprinted in 1980 and became a best-seller. While he was persecuted during the Cultural Revolution, he spent most of his time confined to his reading room, consciously keeping a distance from politics. 42 Bao Zunxin (1937-28 October 2007) was a Chinese historian at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and at Beijing Normal University. He was arrested and sentenced to 5 years imprisonment for his participation in the 1989 democracy protests under the charge of "counterrevolutionary propaganda and incitement" but was released in 1991. 43 China became a member of the (WTO) on 11 December 2001.

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44 26/12/2000 镇压的辉煌 Glory under Repression

00/01/2001 晓谈录 - RFA 敏 Interview with Liu Xiaobo – by RFA Reporter Min Interview 腐和腐都是中共的利 – 中式腐 Corruption and Anti-corruption are Both CCP’s Privilege Corruption 01/01/2001 – Chinese-style Corruption III

The End of CCP’s Second Generation – Political Tragedy Leaders (Hu 02/01/2001 中共第的结 – 胡邦赵紫的治悲剧 of and Yaobang 89) Open and Institutionalized Corruption – Chinese-style Corruption 03/01/2001 公开的腐 – 中式腐 Corruption IV

04/01/2001 中共接班人机社荡 CCP Successor’s Crisis and Social Unrest Leaders Save History, Recover Memory (see 25/01/2006) Memory, 10/01/2001 拯救 恢复 Chinese History

Wu Jiaxiang, Dai , Liu Xiaobo: Talking about Tiananmen 11/01/2001 吴稼祥晴晓：谈门文 Tiananmen Documents 14/01/2001 每个人都净 – 中式腐 No One is Clean – Chinese-style Corruption V Corruption

16/01/2001 农民治改革 Farmers and Political Reform Farmers (Book) 16/01/2001 城职治改革 Urban Workers and Political Reform Labour (Book) Behind the “Consensus of Stability” of Employers of Democracy 营“稳定共”的背 – 大民的 Private Enterprises – Analysis of a Driving Force for the 17/01/2001 力析 Democratization in Mainland 01/02/2001 再大的谎言是谎言 A Great Lie is Still a Lie Tiananmen Doc.

02/02/2001 门文权力配 “Tiananmen Documents” and Power Distribution Tiananmen 45 02/02/2001 朱镕治改革 and Political Reform Reform, Leaders

44 On 20 July 1999, the Communist Party leadership initiated a nationwide crackdown and propaganda campaign intended to eradicate the practice. In October 1999, it declared Falun Gong a "heretical organization" that threatened stability maitenance. 45 Zhu Rongji (1928-) is a prominent Chinese leader who served as Premier from March 1998 to March 2003. 14

Hyped-up Revolution Che Guevara, 05/02/2001 被炒作的革 Gandhi, etc. 07/02/2001 性行 – 中式腐六 Institutional Bribery – Chinese-style Corruption VI Corruption

14/02/2001 镇压法的 Cost of Suppressing Falun Gong Falun Gong 向良心说谎的民族整个民族被逼着向良心说 A Nation That Lies to Its Conscience (A Nation Forced to Falun Gong 22/02/2001 谎 Lie to its Conscience)

Cost of Discussing Morality – Chinese-style Corruption Corruption 27/02/2001 道德的 – 中式腐七 VII From Study Notes in Prison: Reading Hayek’s “The Book Review, 狱中读书笔：读哈耶克自自 Constitution of Liberty” (Freedom: Origin of Human Friedrich 46 00/03/2001 ：人性文和的元 Nature, Culture and Institutions) Hayek 07/03/2001 派的大唱 New and Old Leftists’ Chorus Left Military Expenditure and Tuition Fees Lianghui, fiscal 09/03/2001 军学 policy

A Suggestion to Rich and Powerful Corruption, 14/03/2001 向权家族言 Redistribution A Child who was Throttled Twice Children, 14/03/2001 被扼杀的孩子 Politics

18/03/2001 中的，是性的 in China is Institutional Poverty System EN? Rich and Powerful Families and Political Reform Political Reform (Essay in China 20/03/2001 权家族治改革 Spring)

46 (1899-1992) was an Austrian and later British economist and philosopher best known for his defense of and his 1944 book entitled The Road to Serfdom in which he warned of the danger of tyranny that inevitably results from government control of economic decision-making through central planning and in which he argues that the abandonment of classical liberalism inevitably leads to a loss of freedom, the creation of an oppressive society, the tyranny of a dictator and the serfdom of the individual. At that time, he challenged a widely held view that was a capitalist reaction against by arguing instead that fascism and socialism had common roots in central economic planning and the power of the state over the individual.

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Duras and Buñuel Amid Red Terror (Revised version) Book Review, Marguerite 47 Duras , Luis 48 23/03/2001 色恐怖中的杜拉和艾尔 Buñuel 30/03/2001 海德格尔 – 在的希勒 Heidegger – Hitler Sitting on the Rostrum Book Review

30/03/2001 被敲民族的哲学大师 Philosophy Master Blackmailed by Nationalism Nationalism Learning Cruelty Since Babyhood Commemorating the Chinese History th – 31/03/2001 娃娃抓起的残 – 文革十周而作 35 Anniversary of the Cultural Revolution

01/04/2001 个表中共权的资 Three Representatives and Capitalization of CCP Regime System The Key is to Return Properties to the People (3 Subtitles: Property Rights Economic Reform Without Returning Properties to the 根在于于民个小标题：没于 People, Rich and Powerful Families are the Biggest 民的经济改革,权家族是改革的最大益 Beneficiaries of Reform, Overcome Original Sins of 00/04/2001 团,治改革来洗原罪 Institutions By Pushing Political Reforms Deformed Innocent Smile Education, Children (Lu 04/04/2001 被形的真笑脸 Xun) 05/04/2001 中人眼中的美形象 U.S Image in the Eyes of Chinese US, Media

47 Marguerite Duras (1914-1996) was a French writer and film director. Liu Xiaobo read a translated biography published in 1998 by the French author Laure Adler in which he is interested in her experience with the French Communist Party (FCP) who denounced and expelled her in March 1950 as a “ traitor” defaming the FCP because of her “petit- bourgeois behaviour, notably by deciding to reject her FCP membership because of its unbearable interference in her private life. ” 48 Luis Buñuel (1900-1983) was a Spanish filmmaker often associated with the surrealist movement of the 1920s and known for of his criticisms of bourgeois morals and organized religion. Liu Xiaobo read his 1982 autobiography (Mon Dernier soupir in French) in which he appreciates his honesty for saying that Republicans have failed during the Spanish Civil War not because the fascist Franco regime was too strong but because of the division between the Republicans, the anarchists and the communists which led him into exile in France where he was disappointed by the French leftist intellectuals (of the avant-garde movement) who advocated revolution and violence (terror) from their salons without realizing what was actually going on outside. Liu Xiaobo also took note of his shock to see his film "An Andalusian Dog" removed from French theaters in 1929, even though well received by the public, because the owners of the Cinema des Ursulines feared the French censor's reaction.

16

08/04/2001 谎言就是光和空气 Lies are (Just Like) Sunlight and Air Lies TV Drama, the Cultural Opium in an Era of Modest Propoganda 12/04/2001 电视小，小时的文鸦 Prosperity

Compromise Benefits Both Sides Sino-US, 13/04/2001 妥就是赢 Taiwan 21/04/2001 是而是民族争 A Conflict of Institutions, Not Nationalities (I) See Tibet 2008

Lu Xun’s and Hayek’s Discussions on Nationalism Nationalism, 23/04/2001 鲁迅哈耶克民族 Book Review 49 50 24/04/2001 认的杨子立和路坤 Yang Zili and Lu Kun Individual Cases

24/04/2001 爱是中共的具 Patriotism is CCP’s Tool Patriotism 30/04/2001 被遥的排思潮 Remote-Controlled Anti-Chinese Trend (of Thoughts) Sino-US, Media

Threats Inherited from Militarism Sino-US, 02/05/2001 军遗的威胁 Taiwan, th University Students and 89 Movement – For the 12 June Fourth 06/05/2001 大学生八 – 六十周作 Anniversity of June Fourth

06/05/2001 真诚自省是最好的纪念 Sincere Self-Reflection is the Best Memorial June Fourth The World Will Pay For These – Comments On the Two UN, Human 08/05/2001 世界将付 – 联的改选 UN Re-Elections Rights, USA

th Yu Luoke’s Soul is Still Bleeding – Writing on the 35 Chinese History, 51 14/05/2001 遇罗克的亡灵在血 – 写在文革 35 周 Anniversary of Cultural Revolution Yu Luoke

49 Yang Zili (1971-) is a freelance journalist and webmaster who was released in March 2009 after having been imprisoned for eight years under the charge of “subverting state power” as a member of the New Youth Society. After his release, he worked for the Transition Institute until its director Guo Yushan was arrested. At the time of writing, ,Yang Zili is hidden in an undisclosed location for fear of police persecution. 50 Wife of Yang Zili who called Liu Xiaobo for help.

17

52 17/05/2001 诚的纪德 Honest Gide Book Review th June Fourth in My Body – Memorial of the 12 June Fourth th Anniversary of June Fourth (12 18/05/2001 体中的六 – 六十周祭 anniversary) Showboating and Acting China – Speaking Of Mainland Media 20/05/2001 作子中 – 大媒作谈起 Media’s Showboating

20/05/2001 孩子 – 慈善的最好资源 Children – the Best Resource in Charity Shows Children Tyranny of “Local Law Enforcer” Local 21/05/2001 “大帽”苛 Administration

Students’ Bloody Struggle Yields No Results – University 6/4 Failures, Students and 89 Movement Mistakes or Problems with 23/05/2001 学生流血斗争没果 – 大学生八 Intellectuals 23/05/2001 该作的治改革 The Political Reform that Should Have Worked Ziyang Reforms

23/05/2001 行公 Company of Bribes Corruption 53 Pope Jean-Paul II’s Trip of Love and Reconciliation – Jean-Paul II , 教罗世的爱和解行–旧文悼教 Old Article to Mourn for Pope Jean-Paul II History of CEE 26/05/2001 翰．罗世 (see 05/04/2005)

51 Yu Luoke (1942-1970) was a young writer who was executed in Beijing on 5 March 1970 (Lei Feng’s day) for self-publishing in 1966 On Origin which criticized the targeting of individuals according to family background under Mao. A Beijing Court held a retrial in 1979 and declared him innocent. In 1999, , Xu Xiao and Ding Dong published in Yu Luoke’s Posthumous Works and Memoirs. 52 André Gide (1869-1951) was a French writer who won the in Literature in 1947. After his 1936 visit in the USSR disillusioned his sympathy for the cause of , he repudiated it at a time when many French intellectuals who visited the USSR expressed positive views. 53 Jean-Paul II (1920-2005), was a Polish Pope from October 1978 to his death on 2 April 2005. 18

54 Fortunate to Have Land of Freedom June Fourth, 07/06/2001 幸自土地 09/06/2001 处漏光的黑幕中 Curtained China Leaks Out Information Everywhere Media

整肃刊显示中共内心恐(大闻界的“良 Purge of Media Reveals CCP is in Fear (‘Conscience’ of Media Mainland Journalism Dug Out, CCP Regime is in Fear) 11/06/2001 心”被挖 中共权内心恐) Party-Member PhDs and Masters in an Era of Modest Zhang Weiyan 17/06/2001 小时的党员博士硕士 Prosperity Case (维燕) 55 Rights to and the Like? Rights to The (copyright 56 Slaves lawsuit , Liu 57 17/06/2001 王蒙们的权益？的权益 Xinwu ) Heavy Debts and Political Corruptions Local 22/06/2001 负债累累绩腐 Administration

27/06/2001 中共花谁的钱来稳定 CCP Is SpendingWhose Money to Buy Stability? Weiwen Who Can Forgive the Unforgivable Crime? – Reading Book Review, The Sunflower: On the Possibilities and Limits of Simon “ 58 00/07/2001 谁能恕恕罪–狱中读恕？！ Forgiveness” In Prison Wiesenthal

54 Like “Lucky to have HK”? (“幸有香港”) expression used by mainland democracy activists to refer to the HK as a space where Chinese people can express their views publicly.

55 Wang Meng (1934-) is a writer who joined the Communist Youth League in 1949. In 1956, he was labelled a "rightist" and in 1963, he was sent to Xinjiang to be "reformed through labor.” After his rehabilitation, he served as China's Minister of Culture from 1986 to 1989. He was criticized as a “servant of the state” after he gave his public lecture at the Frankfurt International Book Fair in October 2009 as part of an official Chinese delegation.

56 See description of the 1999 copyright infringement Wang Meng vs. Century Internet Communication Technology Co., Ltd. available at: http://www.cpahkltd.com/UserFiles/Cases100/english/e071.Pdf (). 57 Liu Xinwu (1942-) is a writer known for a 1977 short story critical of the excesses of the Cultural Revolution. In the 1990s, he became better known for his TV-broadcasted th studies of the famous 18th-century Chinese novel . In a recent book entitled I was born on June 4 he wrote several pages on Liu Xiaobo and other intellectuals such as Hu Ping whom he criticized fo r “imposing their views” and how he refused to sign Charter 08. While he acknowledged the right to freedom of expression, it seems that he never took any action in its defence.

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CCP Shows Sympathy to Milošević Foreign Relations, 59 06/07/2001 中共对米洛维的惜 Milošević Ah Q, Zhao Guangding and Three Representatives Official Slogan, 60 08/07/2001 Q赵光腚和个表 Zhao Yulin

12/07/2001 经济时的犯罪 Criminal Shows in New Economic Era (I) Crime 14/07/2001 们真的赢了吗？ Did we really win? Olympics

Embrace Olympics, Release Political Prisoners Political 16/07/2001 迎接奥 释治犯 Prisoners 18/07/2001 世罕的治奥 A Politicized Olympics Rarely Seen in the World Olympics

19/07/2001 经济时的犯罪 Criminal Shows in New Economic Era (II) Crime CCP-Russia Alliance Against USA in Vain Sino-Russian, 20/07/2001 中共联抗美的徒劳 US

To Hide One's Capacities and Bide One's Time: A Vulgar Foreign Policy 21/07/2001 韬光养晦：种流的智慧 Diplomacy 29/07/2001 蛮的人质游 Vicious Hostage Game Foreign Policy

30/07/2001 毛 没中 There was Mao Zedong, But No New China Mao

58 Simon Wiesenthal (1908-2005) was an Austrian Jewish Holocaust survivor who published this book in 1976.

59 Slobodan Milošević (1941-2006) was a Serbian and Yugoslav politician who was the President of Serbia from 1989 to 1997 and President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 to 2000. He was arrested in March 2001 and extradited to the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) to stand trial for charges of war crimes. He conducted his own defense in a five-year long trial, which ended without a verdict when he died in his prison cell in The Hague in March 2006.

60 Liu Xiaobo analyses the historical meaning of the official slogan Three Representatives by relating it to the political role of figures such as the revolutionary hero Zhao Yulin (赵玉林), nicknamed “bare-arsed Zhao” (赵光腚 Zhao Guangding) who transformed from a poor peasant to a brave and virtuous proletarian hero. And Ah Q, a famous character from a satirical short story published by Lu Xun in the early 1920s which depicts a rural peasant with little education who persuades himself that he is spiritually "superior" to his oppressors even as he succumbs to humiliation and suppression. It came to be seen as symptomatic of a Chinese national character. 20

There was Mao Zedong, But No New China –Thoughts Mao, Chinese 毛．没中 – 读建来毛 On “Mao Zedong’s Manuscripts since the Founding of the History, Book 30/07/2001 文稿感 State” Review

个表，用谎言写就的悼词 – 拯救和 Three Representatives, An Eulogy of Lies – For the Sake Memory of Saving History and Recovering Memories 00/08/2001 恢复而作 Maoists Openly Challenge – Comments on Old Leftists 00/08/2001 毛派公开挑战江民 – 邓力群等人的书 Petition of Deng Liqun, etc.

05/08/2001 几乎是注掷的毛派 Maoists Almost Make or Break Left, Mao 自的力在于践行 – 伏尔教徒的辩 Power of Freedom lies in Action – Reflections on Value of Action, 61 07/08/2001 想到的 ’s Defense of Pagans Voltaire

08/08/2001 中共权法性来源的错 Misplaced Sources of CCP’s Legitimacy CCP Three Entries and the Future Position of Three Ideology 09/08/2001 入个表的来定 Representatives st Subtext of Jiang Zemin’s “July 1 Speech” – Reading Pan Official 江民“七”的潜词 – 读潘岳的“改 Yue’s “Report of Political Reform” Discourse, Pan 62 10/08/2001 告” Yue 13/08/2001 毛派奋起江民 Maoists Rise Up and Counterattack Against Jiang Zemin Left, Mao

29/08/2001 大的闻怪胎(中大的闻怪胎) Deformed Journalism in Mainland China Media 31/08/2001 心牢中的人 The Women In Love With Political Prisoners Prison, Love

A Pilgrimage and Ice-Breaking Voyage of Love and Love, Religion 31/08/2001 爱和解的朝圣行和破冰旅 Reconciliation

61 Voltaire (1694-1778) was a French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher famous for his satirical criticisms of the Catholic Church’s dogma and intolerance and his advocacy of , freedom of expression, and separation of church and state. 62 Pan Yue (1960-) moved from 1994 through a series of positions at different State agencies, including as deputy director of the State Environmental Protection Administration from 2003 and as Vice Minister of the Ministry of Environmental Protection from March 2008.

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Revisiting September 11: On Poor and Feeble, Rich and USA 00/09/2001 911 思录：弱富邪 Powerful, Just and Evil

Bao Zunxin, Liu Xiaobo, etc.: Open letter to President Open Letter 包遵信晓等：总统和美人民的 Bush and American People with Bao 12/09/2001 公开信 Zunxin

12/09/2001 想捍卫生自和而战 I Want To Fight For Defending Lives, Freedom and Peace 9.11, media

最大的慰和最大的恐 – 感于罗的 The Greatest Comfort and Biggest Fear – Thoughts on 9.11, Fidel 电视 Castro’s Televised Speech Castro 14/09/2001 15/09/2001 要无者的鲜血流 Do Not Let the Blood of Innocents Be Wasted 9.11

(Disastrous) Consequences of Monopolising Public 9.11, 6/4, 16/09/2001 垄断舆和灌输仇恨的恶果 Opinion and Instilling Hatred Propaganda Huanggutun Bomb and “9.18” Japanese Occupation Chinese History 19/09/2001 姑屯和“9.18”沦 / Japan

24/09/2001 恐怖的对策 Heavy Prices of Terrorism and the Countermeasures Terrorism 25/09/2001 恐怖子是圣战英吗？ Are Terrorists Heroes of Holy War? Terrorism

Another Suspension of Zhu Rongji s Good Governance Rural Policy ’ 63 – 朱镕善的又 – 搁置–农村改税的缓 Comments On Rural -for-Fee Reform Proceeding at 29/09/2001 行 a Gradual Pace Being Poor and Weak Does Not Represent Justice, Being Terrorism, US + 00/10/2001 弱然表，富然表邪恶 Rich and Powerful Does Not Represent Evil good than harm

Cold-Blooded and Uncivilised Sentiments of Anti- Sino-US 01/10/2001 冷血而蛮的美情绪怨和暴民 Americanism (Resentful Women, Vixens and Thugs) Being Weak and Religious Must Not Be A Reason to Terrorism 04/10/2001 弱和信仰决是僭的理 Arrogate to Itself Justice

11/10/2001 中山的遗中共的缅怀 – 革十周 Sun Yatsen’s Legacy and CCP’s Remembrance – A Few Chinese History

63 See Ray, Y. (2004) “Can "Tax-for-Fee" Reform Reduce Rural Tension in China? The Process, Progress and Limitations” in China Quaterly. 22

th 随想 Thoughts on the 90 Anniversary of 包遵信晓等：京人民法院检察 Bao Zunxin, Liu Xiaobo, etc.: Open Letter to Beijing Open Letter

Court, Procuratorate and State security (Yang Zili case) 13/10/2001 院和的公开信

64 14/10/2001 定的御用学 The Emperor’s Historiography Fan Wenlan 65 警察家的 – 京商场打死民 Security in a Police State – Comments on the Incident of Police 18/10/2001 Beijing Mall’s Security Beating to Death

A Feast Cannot Bring the Dignity One Deserves – Brief Dignity, Media 盛来的尊 – 简大媒体对

Comments on Mainland Media Reports of APEC 22/10/2001 APEC 的道 Conference 66 Li Hongzhang in the Eyes of American Journalists – Book Review 美者眼中的李鸿 – 读帝的回 Reading Notes on “Reminiscence of the Empire” on Li

24/10/2001 Hongzhang 67 Zhang Wentian and Xi’an Incident Chinese History 26/10/2001 闻西 (1900-1976) 68 11/2001 邪恶 Justice and Evil Philosophy

64 Liu criticizes Fan Wenlan’s as Mao’s historian. For more details, see Li, H. (2010) “Between Tradition and Revolution: Fan Wenlan and the Origins of the Marxist Historiography of Modern China.” Modern China. Vol. 36, no. 3, pp 269-301. 65 Security personnel at the Beijing Wumei Supermarket accosted four individuals from province whom they accused of stealing chewing gum. Guards detained four men, beating them with steel pipes. Three were seriously injured and one died. It was not clear whether it was a negligent or intentional homicide. 66 Zhengxi Yuan (郑曦原) on Li Hongzhang in the eyes of New York Times journalists?

67 Zhang Wentian (1900-1976) was General Secretary of the from1935 to 1943. Mao took his position in 1945. At the Lushan Conference in 1959, he supported Peng Dehuai and lost power along with Peng. During the Cultural Revolution, he was attacked as an ally of Peng and Liu Shaoqi and rehabilitated under Deng Xiaoping after Mao's death. 68 Long essay in Beijing Spring (102).

23

Autocrats’ Moral Presumptuousness (Governance of Dictatorship Autocrats and the Lack of Morality in Society, Autocrats 者的道德狂妄者施社缺德， Cannot Overcome the Lack of Morality in Society – 者改了社缺德 – 感于中共发 Thoughts on CCP’s “Implementation Outline on Ethics 04/11/2001 公民道德建施要 Building of Citizens”) 69 07/11/2001 杀人的形而学 Murderous Metaphysics Philosophy

Democracy Wall – A Sacrifice to Deng Xiaoping’s Democracy 10/11/2001 民墙 – 邓小用的牲 “White Cat Or Black Cat” Theory 12/11/2001 入世的和收益 Costs and Benefits of Joining WTO Economics

14/11/2001 知包装权力的腐 Corruption of Power Wrapped Up As Knowledge Corruption 谁在“颠倒黑”？– 9.11 中共方媒体的表 Who Is “Talking Black into Whiteˮ – Post-September 11 Official Media 16/11/2001 演 Performance of CCP Official Media Confusion, 9.11

Predicament of in China and Institutional Economics 中农业困境 – 中农业面对入 Cost – China’s Agriculture Facing the Challenges After 22/11/2001 世冲 Joining WTO 05/12/2001 无如何，普京是确的 Anyhow, Putin is Correct Russia

13/12/2001 大爱者的流氓相 The Thuggish Appearance of Mainland Patriot Patriotism Illustrating Mainland Nationalism from the 1980s Nationalism / 30/12/2001 大民族梳理回八十 2005 Book 70 2002 向良心说谎的民族 A Nation That Lies to its Conscience Book (Taiwan)

69 (1729-1797) was an Irish philosopher and statesman. Liu Xiaobo also quotes . 70 Althought the title of this book is the same as the article published on 22 February 2001, the contents are different. Hu Ping argues in his review of this book that the title indicates Liu Xiaobo’s view that before Chinese people lied more to publicly deceive others, but today they lie to their own conscience which cause many problems. 24

71 Yuan Shikai is Not Outdated Leaders, 72 00/01/2002 袁世比今人落伍 History

04/01/2002 再人权高于权 Another Essay on Human Rights are Above Sovereignty Human Rights Habermas Talking About Human Rights, 73 05/01/2002 哈贝马在中谈人权 Habermas

The Honour that “” Deserve Tiananmen Mothers / Peace 11/01/2002 “门母亲”理得到的荣誉 Nobel Middle-Class Bubbles Blown by CCP Official Report, 18/01/2002 中共的中沫 Middle Class 74 20/01/2002 影射的熙 Kangxi Map that Alludes to Reality TV Series

Seeing Self-Belittlement of Literati through Soap Opera Enemy of Emperors – Also On Enemy Consciousness in Wu Mentality, Wu 帝王看文人的自损 – 兼谈吴杨中 Yang’s Incident Yang Oxford

的敌人意 24/01/2002 case

眼无珠者到的悼念 – 献给申先生其 Late Mourning from the Oblivious – Dedicated to Liu Eulogy, Liu 75 25/01/2002 亲人 Kaishen and His Families Kaishen

71 Yuan Shikai (1859-1916) was a Chinese general famous for his role in the events leading up to the abdication of the last Qing Emperor, his autocratic rule as the first President of the Republic of China, and his short-lived attempt to restore monarchy in China. 72 Quote Yuan Weishi + Yuan Zhengxi 73 Jürgen Habermas (1929-) is a German philosopher associated with the Frankfurt School of critical theory who visited China in late 2001. See articles 1 and 2 for more details.

74 This article refers to the 2001 TV series Kangxi Dynasty, which is the second part of a three-part series based on the novels of Eryue He (河) who became one of the richest writers in China in the 1990s and early 2000s. Kangxi Dynasty is about the major events that occurred under (1654-1722) of Qing Dynasty (1644-1912). 75 Taiwanese (1945-2002) died on January 9. Founded Twenty First Century Foundation for democracy.

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Everyone On Their Knees - A Few Thoughts On “Kangxi Chinese History 05/02/2002 地人全跪在脚 – 看熙王朝随想 Dynasty”

Another Self-Humiliating Literati Feast China Writers 07/02/2002 又自羞的文人盛 Association 76 07/02/2002 黄菊的媚笑到周恩来的前 From Ju’s ‘Toadying Smile’ to Enlai’s Bow

08/02/2002 校园歌中的孩子 Children in New School’s Songs Rural Children Please Do Not Humiliate People’s Rights to Information Human Rights, 12/02/2002 请要侮民的知情权 Media

12/02/2002 请小自珍 Dear Bush Junior, Please Value Yourself Bush, US 13/02/2002 伪造粉饰开始 Start From Not Fabricating and Embellishing Reality Lies

13/02/2002 大林收高尔的启示 Historical Lessons Learnt from Stalin Bribing Gorky Russia Talking From the Resign of Online Forum Manager Internet Control, 77 00/03/2002 王怡的辞职谈起 Wang FoE,

Grey Color – Resist and Survive (FR) Civil Society, 00/03/2002 色–既抗争又生 Media 02/03/2002 中共言管的弱 Weakening of CCP’s Control Over Open Discussion Media

05/03/2002 小京行的收获 What Bush Junior Gained from His Trip to Beijing Bush, US Weakened Effect of CCP’s Control Over Open Freedom of Discussion Expression, 06/03/2002 中共言管效力的弱 Media

06/03/2002 中美间的攻 Sino-American Offenses and Defenses Sino-US

76 Close to Jiang Zemin and the Shanghai clique, Huang Ju (1938-2007) was the First-ranking Vice Premier of the PRC and Mayor as well as Party Secrtetrary of Shanghai in the 1990s. In 2002, he moved to Beijing and was suspected of corruption. Having been both the Mayor of Shanghai and the city's party chief in the 1990s, Huang enjoyed very close relations with his patron, 77 Wang Yi (王怡) see here for more. He is a blogger. 26

Put Private Property Rights into Constitution and Activate Land 13/03/2002 权入和启民间投资 Citizens’ Investment Privatization 自诚信 又：“无诚信难道能咎于自 Freedom and Sincerety, Also As: Can One Blame Philosophy, Freedom for Insincerity? Freedom 13/03/2002 ？” 灭良知和权威失落的大 – 读李昌向 Mainland of Vanished Conscience and Lost Authority – Active Citizen 78 15/03/2002 总理说 Reading Li Changping “I Speak the Truth to Premier”

For Bowl and Justice – Short Comments on Labour Civil Society, 27/03/2002 了饭碗和公 – 简大庆等地的潮 Movements in Daqing, Liaoyang, etc Labour 27/03/2002 糜烂绝的中共场 Most Debauched CCP Officialdom Corruption

05/04/2002 监和场秘书 Eunuchs in Palace and Secretaries of Officialdom Corruption 06/04/2002 死的绝对确 The Fatal “Absolute Correctness” Media, Officials

Cultural Upstarts in Revolutionary Bubbles Movie, Culture, Cultural 09/04/2002 革沫中的文 thoughts Critics of USA Needs the USA the Most – USA In International Between Palestine and Israel Affairs, USA, 11/04/2002 谴美的世界最需要美 – 巴间的美 Middle East

15/04/2002 形而学：理性非理性的解释 Metaphysics: Explanation of Reason and Non-Rational Philosophy 15/04/2002 毁用意装璜的断头 Destroy the Guillotine Embroidered by God Terrorism

Political Elites, Rich and Powerful Families and Political Reform 17/04/2002 治精英权家族和治改革 Reforms 20/04/2002 伪伪道德伪知 – 简中的学术腐 Nominal Institution, Nominal Morality, Nominal Corruption

78 Li Changping (1963-) was a party secretary of a township government in province and then a researcher for Oxfam in Beijing. He became famous as an advocate of peasants’ rights after publishing in a newspaper a letter to Zhu Rongji to criticize the way local officials abused farm workers by taxing them more than officially allowed so as to support their lifetyles. Short of calling directly for democracy, he calls more specifically for the abolition of all types of restrictions on peasants so that they can become free and

“genuine citizens of China.”

27

Knowledge – Short Comments On China’s Academic Corruption 20/04/2002 欧盟立场对中共的警示 Warnings from EU’s New Stances to CCP EU The Key to Untying the Knot in Tibet – Reading Wang Tibet, Book 解开西藏死结的匙 – 读王力著赖 Lixiong s New Book Dialogue with the Dalai Lama Review, Wang ’ “ ” 79 23/04/2002 喇嘛的对 Lixiong

25/04/2002 联网民间言空间的展 Expansion of the Internet and Civil Freedom of Speech Internet (China) Philosophy Philosophy, 27/04/2002 (中)的哲学 Intellectuals

在道恶法间的择 – 感于杨建利非法 Choosing Between Morality and Evil Laws – Thoughts on Law, Yang 80 30/04/2002 回 ’s Illegal Return to China Jianli

Expropriation of Rice Bowls and Ransacking of Spirits Social gap, 00/05/2002 剥饭碗精洗 Injustice

03/05/2002 “领阶”“良资” Fallen From the “Leading Class” to “Bad Assets” Labor st 03/05/2002 在中大，“”是谁的节日？ In Mainland China, ‘May1 ’ belongs to whom? Labor

Two Faces of Labour Movement Civil Society, 05/05/2002 潮的面性 2005 Book 08/05/2002 人的自决定真理 Self-Determination and Truth of Human Beings Philosophy

79 Wang Lixiong (Changchun, 1953-) is a Chinese writer and scholar known for his 1991 fiction Yellow Peril and for his writings analysizing the situation in Tibet and Xinjiang as well as the conditions for political democratization in China. In 1978, he participated in the Democracy Wall Movement. In 1994, he was one of the founders of the environmental NGO Friends of Nature but was forced to resign in 2003 by the Chinese government. In 1999, he was arrested while doing research in Xinjiang and attempted suicide while in jail. In 2001, he publicly resigned from the Chinese Writers Association because it demands “not only acquiescence but also the annihilation of one’s whole individual conscience.” Believing that the Dalai Lama is the solution to the Tibet’s problem, he urged Chinese authorities to take seriously the middle way approach proposed by the Dalai Lama. In a 2007 book, he concluded that Xinjiang’s issues had dangerously “Palestinized.” After Tibet’s unrest in March 2008, he urged the Chinese government to invite UN investigators to Tibet to see for themselves and issued on March 22 a 12-point petition also signed by Liu Xiaobo and other like-minded citizens. He is married to Tsering Woeser (1966-), a Tibetan poet and essayist. They are friends and neighbors with Liu Xiaobo and Liu Xia and both signed Charter 08. They are often placed under during sensitive times. 80 Yang Jianli (1963-) is a Chinese activist who participated in the 1989 protests and who is now living in the United States. 28

The Poverty of China's Civil Opposition – Memorial of 6/4, Civil th 14/05/2002 中民间对派的困 – “六”13 周祭 13 Anniversary of June Fourth Society EN A Precious Memory Carved Forever in My Heart 6/4 (Zhengming) 17/05/2002 心中永遠的高貴記憶 FR

“Brotherhood” Tied by Lies Fidel Castro, 81 19/05/2002 用谎言凝结的“兄” Carter, CCTV 20/05/2002 “六．”，坟墓 “June. Fourth”, a Grave 6/4, Poem EN

Truth of June Fourth Is Being Drown Out By Lies 6/4 ( 31/05/2002 六真相被谎言淹没 Daily) Call Chinese Government to Rehabilitate June Fourth and 6/4, Open 82 Release all Prisoners of Conscience - Open Letter to Letter Xu 83 吁中府六和释良心犯 – 给 Chinese Government Wenli He 84 03/06/2002 中府的公开信 Xintong

81 Liu Xiaobo points out that Chinese state media censored news related to Jimy Carter's 2002 visit to Cuba about such as Oswaldo Payá (1952-2012) and Elizardo Sanchez (1944-) who called for the implementation freedom of expression and association, amnesty for political prisoners as well as a referendum for national aelections. He quotes Carter saying: "If they hold such a referendum, the whole world will see that the Cuban people themselves rather than the foreigners are determining the future of Cuba." (如果行样的 全民公决，全世界将看到是巴人民自而是人在决定巴的来) In 2001, Jiang Zemin visited Cuba in 2001 and the Cuban government supported Beijing’s position at the UN Human Rights Council.

82 Liu Xiaobo explains how he sees this open letter no t only as a legal right but also as an act of ethical responsibility that was inspired by the courage of He Xintong and the hope that the Chinese government will find its conscience. 83 Xu Wenli (1943-) was a participant of the Democracy Wall movement and editor of the civilian-run publication April Fifth Forum. In 1981, he was sentenced in secret to 15 years in prison. In 1997, he proposed a non-violent political program calling to "abandon one-partydictatorship, establish a Third Republic, rebuild constitutional democracy and protect human rights.” In 1998, after Beijing signed the ICCPR, he and other activists such as Yongmin tried to organize and register the China Democracy Party (CDP). The next year, he was sentenced to 13 years in prison and nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. On 24 December 2002, he was exiled to the United States where he worked as chairman of the Overseas HQ Assembly of the CDP and publishes his research at Brown University. In 2010, he also participated in the nomination of Liu Xiaobo for the Nobel Peace Prize.

In 2013, he resigned from the CDP chairman position and retired from Brown University.

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Vigil for Innocent Victims 89, History 05/06/2002 无的死难者灵 (BBC) 木桥能走多久？– 美结盟中共的 How Long Can One Walk on the Autocratic Log Bridge? Russia 11/06/2002 选择 – Russo-American Alliance and CCP’s Choice

12/06/2002 者的日狂 Carnival of Dictators Dictatorship 13/06/2002 对时空的恐生的意 Fear of Time and Space, and Meaning of Life Philosophy

18/06/2002 中足球是 China Losing in Football Might Not Be a Bad Thing Sport, Politics 18/06/2002 足球就是足球 Football Is Football Sport, Politics

19/06/2002 世纪大爱的转向 Patriotism in the New Century Patriotism 20/06/2002 中共对罗的误读 CCP Misreading of Russia Sino-Russia

From Transnational Revolution to Transnational Crime Zhang 22/06/2002 跨革到跨犯罪 Chengzhi Yu Qiuyu Reject Lies in Daily Life Preface to Collected Works of Lies, Prologue 85 – 24/06/2002 在日常生活中绝说谎 – 余杰文序

Instinctive Infatuation for Fear and Adventures Fear, Struggle, 26/06/2002 对恐和冒的能狂爱 Philosophy 岸关系的道原 – 民周 Moral Principles of Cross-Straits Relations – Writing For Democracy th 02/07/2002 而作 4 Anniversary of “Democracy Forum”

05/07/2002 向权说真 Tell Truth to the Authoritarian Rule Truth, System 13/07/2002 尔街黑幕中丑 Inside Stories of Wall Street Cover the Shame for China US Economy,

84 He Xintong is Xu Wenli's wife. After his second sentence in 1999, she initiated an intense international campaign for his release with the help of their daughter Xu Jin who appealing to Human Rights NGOs and governments to persuade the Chinese authorities to release him on medical grounds since he was diagnosed with Hepatitis B in 1999. In 2002, he was taken straight from his jail to the airport for exile with his wife to the USA where their daughter lives since 1994 as she was banned from attending university in China.

85 Yu Jie (1973-) is a Chinese writer and democracy activist who emigrated to the US with his family in January 2012. Member of ICPC and friend of Liu Xiaobo, he published a biography of Liu Xiaobo in 2012 in Hong Kong and a shorter version in Taiwan. 30

CCP Self-benefits and Honesty Selfishness, Honesty, 16/07/2002 自利和诚信 Philosophy 除了等待，人能？– 16 大热背的 Other Than Waiting, What Can Chinese Do? – Congress th 20/07/2002 民性 Chineseness Behind the Fever of 16 Party Congress

Liu Xiaobo, etc.: Declaration of Citizens’ Rights for the Internet Rights 27/07/2002 晓等：网络公民权利言 Internet Refuse Self-Worshipping Political leaders, Philosophy, 31/07/2002 绝自崇 Religion

To Hide One's Capacities and Bide One's Time is a Foreign Policy 00/08/2002 流的韬光养晦 Vulgar Diplomacy (see 21/07/2001) Democracy 00/08/2002 中的治确：流氓爱 China’s Political Correctness : Thuggish Patriotism Forum

Westerners’ Correct and Penetrating Views on China – Book Review 西洋人对中的真知灼 – 狱中读晚清大 Reading “The Demise of Empire: Cataclysm in the Late 86 00/08/2002 中的思潮人物 Qing Dynasty” in Prison Handcuffed and Vote with Feet – How I See Jia Yukun’s Escape, Jia 87 Escape Yukun 05/08/2002 手被捆和用脚投票 – 看孩玉琨的跑

07/08/2002 民间空和诚信荒漠 Lack of Civil Groups and Desert of Sincerity Civil Society 07/08/2002 怕中共的力恫吓 Ah Bian Is Not Afraid of CCP’s Military Intimidation Taiwan

86 As translated by Willy Lam, based on the 2003 title 帝國落日‧晚清大變 87 Jia Yukun was a 12 years old girl from Xi’an who was on a youth tour in the USA and disappeared while in San Francisco’s Bay Area. See report story here.

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88 08/08/2002 如果是瑙鲁元首 If I Am the Leader of Nauru Taiwan 中统数如何能真？中的统数能 How Can Statistics in China Be True? (What Can Statistics / Truth 09/08/2002 说明？ Statistics in China Tell Us?)

Post-Totalitarian Era Manipulated By Interests (How Manipulation 利益操的极权时利益操的极权时 Long Will The Post-Totalitarian Era Manipulated By 10/08/2002 能“稳定”多久？ Interests Remain “Stable”? Seeing Mainland Taxation System’s Black Holes through Tax Policy / Liu 89 19/08/2002 晓庆案看大税黑洞 Liu Xiaoqing’s Case Xiaoqing th 21/08/2002 ：中共十六大综症 Commentary: CCP 16 Congress’ Syndrome Congress 22/08/2002 人的题 Problem of Human Being Philosophy

Zhu Rongji and Zhu Xiaohua Case Leaders, Zhu 90 22/08/2002 朱熔朱小案 Xiaohua 23/08/2002 陈水挑战中共的大因素 Mainland Factor of Chen Shui-Bian Challenging CCP Taiwan

23/08/2002 陈水挑战中共的道支 Moral Support For Chen Shui-Bian Challenging CCP Taiwan Marxist Left and September 11 Terrorism, 23/08/2002 马克思派 9.11 Intellectuals

Chen Xiaoping's Challenge and Call Call, Chen

24/08/2002 陈小的挑战和吁 Xiaoping

88 Nauru is a small Micronesian island in the South Pacific with 9,378 residents which gained independence in 1968. In late July 2002, after sharing diplomatic ties for 22 years, Nauru's president shifted diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing to bargain more financial support under the "One China policy" in exchange for its vote as a member of the . In May 2005 however, Nauru re-established links with Taiwan which severed diplomatic ties with China although it continues to maintain a representative office on the island.

89 Liu Xiaoqing (1950-) is a Chinese actress and businesswoman who became one of the richest persons in China in the late 1990s. She was arrested in June 2002 for tax evasion but released on bail a year later after paying back her . 90 Zhu Xiaohua (1949-) protégé of Zhu Rongji. In October 2002, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison for taking bribes. 32

27/08/2002 沉醉的生 Intoxicated Lives (I) Philosophy

Yang Jianli – Another Chip For CCP’s Deal Diplomacy, 29/08/2002 杨建利 – 中共易的又筹码 Intoxicated Lives (II) Philosophy, 29/08/2002 沉醉的生 Thoughts

29/08/2002 陈水挑战中共的因素 International Factor of Chen Shui-Bian Challenging CCP Taiwan th 00/09/2002 中共十六大综症 CCP 16 Congress’s Syndrome Congress

Philosophy King and Desire Philosophy, Authoritative Power, Criticizing 00/09/2002 哲学王欲 Intellectuals 91 Wan Yanhai Disappeared, Is He Arrested Or Dissident 01/09/2002 万海失踪，是被捕是被绑架？ Kidnapped?

06/09/2002 体的大驯服 Integrated Mass Obedience Dictatorship 07/09/2002 精缺的中精英 Chinese Elites Lacking Spirits Intellectuals

10/09/2002 恐战争先发人 Anti-terrorism War and Pre-emptive Attack Terrorism 人关是党权第 – 向京的无死难者 People First or Party First – My Condolences to Innocent 92 16/09/2002 Victims in Nanjing Incident

16/09/2002 人性 法律和诚信 Human Nature, Law and Honesty Philosophy /

91 Wan Yanhai (1963-) is a prominent AIDS activist who founded the Beijing-based NGO Aizhixing (知行). In 2000, 2000, the writer Wang Lixiong introduced to Wan Yanhai who will then work together on AIDS-related issues. On 24 August 2002, he was disappeared and later found to be detained by police who charged him with the “leaking of an internal government report” on the blood infection scandal in Province. He was released a month later on 20 September. In 2008, he signed Charter 08. On 10 May 2010, Wan Yanhai fled with his family to the USA because of a threatening investigation opened by the tax authorities which amounted to government intimidation. In 2011, the authorities admitted that they made an error. 92 A mass poisoning incident took place in Nanjing in September 2002. A man who became jealous of the success of a restaurant mixed rat poison into its flour, leading to 42 deaths.

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Ethics Cross-Straits Embarrassment and Contests – Start with the Taiwan, Cross- 28/09/2002 岸的尴尬和角力 – 湾第人美谈起 First Lady of Taiwan’s Visit to the USA Straits 93 The Capture of Yang Bin and the Escape of Yang Escape 94 08/10/2002 杨斌的被拘和仰融的遁 Rong 10/10/2002 苦难料的调笑时 Era of Teasing Seasoned with Suffering 人血馒头

26/10/2002 面对“超限恐怖” Facing “Unrestricted Terrorism” Terrorism Abuse of Party Power and Empty – 16th National th 党权的滥用和民权的空 – 十六大造的治 Political Terror Created by 16 Party Congress Congress of 31/10/2002 恐怖 CCP

Stability of Viciousness and Order Without Conscience Maintain Stability, Elite 05/11/2002 蛮的稳定和无良知的秩序 Intellectuals th Mysterious and Terrifying CCP 16 Party Congress 16th Congress (see 08/11/2002 秘恐怖的十六大 03/06/2005)

无视道的中发展森的发展看中 China’s Outlook of Development Ignores Morality Development Model 10/11/2002 改革 Where Is the “Broken Boat” Sailing to? Problematic 13/11/2002 “破船” 驶向何方？ Political System

Netizens’ Care Makes Me Feel Warm – A Letter from Bo Public Opinion 17/11/2002 网的关感到温暖 – 茉莉的封信 to Mo Li (see 03/1989 Book Epilogue?) 25/11/2002 无对象直觉 – 种的象 Intuition without Subject – A Peculiar Abstraction Philosophy

93 Yang Bin (1961-) was a business tycoon . See report story here. In 2002, he was arrested on charges of tax evasion and later sentenced to 18 years in Jinzhou prison where Liu Xiaobo is currently incarcerated. 94 Yang Rong (1957-) was a business tycoon. In 2002, he was accused of embezzlement and an arrest warrant was issued precipitating his . 34

A Girl With Heart and a Regime With Heart Liu Di (荻) 05/12/2002 心脏病的孩和心脏病的权 Disease 08/12/2002 亡，另种抗 Escape, Another Kind of Resistance Escape

Civil Awakening – The Dawn of a Free China – Civil Society 10/12/2002 来的自中在民间 – 中改的利条 Advantages of China’s Political Reform 12/12/2002 人权日的文明和蛮 Civilization and Barbarism on Human Rights

14/12/2002 性的求来和解 Begging as Slaves Cannot Bring Reconciliation Civil Society Party Vote Cannot Secure Property Safety Reform, 18/12/2002 党票障了全 Property

18/12/2002 法值多元 Falungong and Value Diversification Persecution 19/12/2002 法人权意的普 Falungong and Popularisation of Sense of Human Rights Human Rights

文斗和植物人的荣 – 巴金 99 寿想 Renowned Author and the Honour and Disgrace of Writer, Ba Jin th 到的 Vegetative Patient – Reflections on Ba Jin’s 99 Birthday 28/12/2002 Human Rights Awakening: Less Elitism in Human Rights 人权觉醒：签抗精英色的淡 – 几个 Protests – Seeing Civil Actors’ Concerns of Human 00/01/2003 案例看民间人士对人权的关注 Rights through a Few Cases

Liu Xiaobo etc.: Group Letter in Support of June Fourth Open Letter, 00/01/2003 晓等：支持六难属群体公开信 Community June Fourth Sense of Human Rights Awakening and Political Reform Human Rights, 人权意的觉醒治改革 – 再来的自 Another Essay on Civil Awakening The Dawn of a Civil Society – – 04/01/2003 中在民间 Free China (FR Zone Grise)

08/01/2003 是“依法治”是“恶法治” Is it “Rule by Law” or “Rule by Evil Law”? Law North and South Koreas Kidnapped by Two Kinds of Red International Monsters Politics, North/South 09/01/2003 被种魔持的韩 Korea

Sense of Justice Give Birth to Poets Thoughts on the Poet Poet Luo Sang, 14/01/2003 诗人 – 感于诗人桑克发起网络签 Internet Petition 20/01/2003 除夜：那破的家庭 New Year’s Eve: Remember Those Broken Families Solidarity

29/01/2003 中色的依法治 Rule By Law With Chinese Characteristics Law

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Dictators’ Nature of Viciousness and Nuclear Crisis DPRK, 29/01/2003 极权者的横性和核机 Totalitarianism

What Do Prosperous Days Cover? Prosperous 29/01/2003 盛世着甚？ Days Those Chinese Fed by Wolf Milk – Tolling for “Space Sino-US, Space 02/02/2003 那吃狼奶长大的人 – “哥伦比”而鸣 Shuttle Columbia” Politics?

Mainland Journalists’ Effort of Turning to the Civil Media 06/02/2003 大媒体业者的民间力 Society 大洋岸的绝 – 感于任寐和杨建利家人 Cross-Straits Hunger Strike – Thoughts on Hunger Strikes Taiwan 95 07/02/2003 的绝 of Familes of Bumei and Yang Jianli

Stregthening Party’s Power in Local People's Congress Party 09/02/2003 党权的地方人大届 Elections Appreciation of Civil Society and Political Democracy, 09/02/2003 民间的值治民 Democratization (EN) Civil Society

Mask of “New Left” (Anti-Americanism Is A Mask of Left 11/02/2003 “”的面具美是“”的面具 “New Left”) Blackmail from the Nation’s Thief Wang 96 Bingzhang , 16/02/2003 窃的敲 State Crime

95 Ren Bumei (1967-), born in , he participated in the 1989 protests as a student of Renmin University. He then worked as an independent intellectual and in 2004, he became a Christian. He published in Hong Kong a book titled Catastrophism: Chinese People Restless Wandering and Redemption. Because of repeated catastrophes, he sees Chinese people s history as tragic and similar to the situation of refugees (zaimin). ’ 96 Wang Bingzhang (1947-), who obtained his Ph.D. in pathology in 1982 in Canada, established the same year the pro-democracy magazine China Spring. The next year, he launched the "Union of Chinese Democracy Movement" by publicly denouncing the one party rule in China. In 2002, he was abducted by Chinese secret agents while in Vietnam. In February 2003, he was sentenced in a secret trial to life in prison on charges of espionage and terrorism. 36

97 18/02/2003 邱尔的真人莱尔 Blair, the Real Heir of Churchill West Leader Article 23 Tears CCP’s “Political Civilization” Off Freedom of 条破中共的“治文明”23 条破中共治港 Expression, 19/02/2003 的“治羞” Hong Kong

98 19/02/2003 希拉克对欧的蛮横要挟 Chirac’s Peremptory Threats to Eastern France 23/02/2003 美殖民地 200 是中的唯希望 U.S. 200 Years Colonization is the Only Hope for China US

24/02/2003 美的调法的高调 U.S. Low Profile and France's High Profile US, France 25/02/2003 中共在倒的暧昧 CCP’s Ambiguous Diplomacy on Anti-Saddam War Iraq

26/02/2003 领先于世界的精阉割术 Spiritual Castration Technique That Leads the World Censorship 27/02/2003 中共“亲民”的质 Real Nature of CCP’s “'Close to People' Shows” qqq

Development of Villagers’ Autonomy and Its Civil Society, 村民自治的发展其意 – 来的自中 Significance – Civil Awakening – The Dawn of a Free 2005 Book 28/02/2003 在民间 China (IV) 媒的势治改革 – 来的自中 Media Trend and Political Reform – Civil Awakening – Civil Society 00/03/2003 在民间 The Dawn of a Free China (III) 2005 Book

01/03/2003 徽农民的治智慧能 Political Wisdom of An Anhui Farmer Farmer Seeing Private Property Protection through Farmers Land Privatization, 01/03/2003 农民例看权 Property 99 Li Rui Discusses Politics Publicly – Symbol of Civil Civil Society, 02/03/2003 李锐公开 – 民间压力的象 Pressure Old Cadre

97 Praises Blair for siding with the US and opposing French and German’s approaches like Churchill opposed appeasement? / Chamberlain appeasement = sign Munich agreement under pressure of public opinion? Blair understood the lessons of appeasement? 98 After the French and German governments opposed the American and British policy on Iraq, several former Soviet-bloc nations signed the Vilnius letter supporting the US and the UK on Iraq. The French President Jacques Chirac then suggested that it might jeopardise their accession to EU membership in 2004 and 2007.

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Another Essay on Village Autonomy and Withdrawal of Civil Society, 再村民自治党权 – 六来的自中 Party Rights – Civil Awakening – The Dawn of a Free Rural, 2005 06/03/2003 在民间 China (VI) Book

11/03/2003 憎慕的美心结 Intricate Knot of Hate and Admiration of USA Sino-US 100 101 Changxing , and Zhu Rongji Businessman, 11/03/2003 赖昌星庆林朱镕 Leaders

12/03/2003 朱镕 Zhu Rongji’s Successes and Failures Leaders st Strongly Protest Against Ban of “21 Century World Media 102 15/03/2003 烈抗对21 世纪球道的封杀 Herald”

17/03/2003 中共高挺董的秘 Secret of CCP High Cadre’s Support of Tung (Chee-Hwa) Hong Kong 17/03/2003 蔑视生的党权 Supreme Party’s Power with Contempt for Lives System th 枪杆子治冕的盛 – 十届人大没改 Gala to Politically Crowning Guns – 10 NPC Has Not Freedom of Fundamentally Changed Black-box Operation Traditions Expression 18/03/2003 质性的黑箱因袭 18/03/2003 倒战联权威 War Against Saddam and UN Authority Iraq, UN

村民自治的前提是党权–来的自 Precondition of Village Autonomy is Withdrawal of Party Civil Society, 中在民间 Rights – Civil Awakening – The Dawn of a Free China 2005 Book 18/03/2003

99 Li Rui (1917-) is a retired official from the ruling Communist Party and a writer who became a vocal advocate for democratic reforms in China.

100 Lai Changxing (1958) was a Fujianese businessman who founded the lucrative Yuanhua Group based in the Special Economic Zone of . In the late 1990s, he was implicated in corruption scandals involving a large smuggling ring including officials and was arrested in 1999 but managed to escape to Canada. After lengthy diplomatic negotiations about his extradition, the Canadian authorities deported him to China in July 2011 upon promises that he would not be executed. In May 2012, he was sentenced to life imprisonment on charges of smuggling and bribery. 101 Jia Qinglin (1940-) is a Party leader who is seen as a close associate of Jiang Zemin.

102 See “Chinese Newspaper Shut After Call for Reform” by John Pomfret, Washington Post. In a March 3 interview, Li Rui (85) praised Hu Yaob ang and criticized Mao for creating a cult of personality and Deng Xiaoping for failing to carry out political reforms. The newspaper was started in 2002 by the Guangzhou-based Nanfang group, with a circulation of about 200,000 copies. 38

(V) Protection of Private Property: To Revise or Not Revise Property, 11/04/2003 ：争 the Constitution Constitution 17/04/2003 自隔离的中 Autocratic China in Self-Isolation Dictatorship 20/04/2003 的替罪羊 Scapegoat of Dictatorship Dictatorship

SARS and Human Rights’ Integrity Human Rights, 21/04/2003 SARS 人权的整性 SARS The Conscience to Resist SARS Lies in Civil Society Civil Society, 24/04/2003 抗 SARS 的良知在民间 SARS 103 Custody and Repatriation, and Institutional Man-made Sun Zhigang

27/04/2003 收容遣性人 – 简志死 Disaster – Short Comments on Death of Sun Zhigang 104 Raffarin and Bush Gave Hu and Wen the Most Needed Sino-US-France 29/04/2003 拉法兰给胡温来最需要支持 International Support

30/04/2003 SARS 机中的支持 International Support Amid the SARS Crisis SARS Use Truth to Undermine a System Built on Lies – Award Speech, 用真颠覆谎言 – 接“杰民人士奖” Acceptance Speech for “Outstanding Democratic Truth/Lies 00/05/2003 的答词 Activist” Award EN/FR

02/05/2003 伊拉克人得到了说“”的权利 Iraqi People Acquired the Right to Say “No” Iraq “Accountability” Spares Poliburo from Punishment System, Corrupted 11/05/2003 治的“” Officials

15/05/2003 高批示障了人权 Official Comments Cannot Protect Human Rights Human Rights

103 Sun Zhigang (1976 - 20 March 2003) was a university graduate and designer who went to find work in Guangzhou, where police asked him, as he walked to an internet bar, for his temporary living permit and his ID card but he didnot apply yet for the permit and had forgotten the ID card so the police detained him and was reported dead three days later. His relatives reported the information to investigative reporters at Southern Metropolitan Daily on 25 April during the SARS epidemic which resulted in a significant public outcry. 104 Jean-Pierre Raffarin (1948-) was Prime Minister of the Chirac Government from May 2002 to May 2005. He visited China on 25/6 April 2003.

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Apology, Gratitude and Ode SARS related 17/05/2003 道歉感颂歌 Politics

19/05/2003 权改革题的道 Moral Responsibility in Property Rights Reform Property Rights Seeing Political Power’s Intervention in the Judiciary Sun Zhigang 22/05/2003 志案看治权力预法 through Sun Zhigang Incident Incident

Conscience that Speaks of Common Sense Honestly – Intellectual, 105 25/05/2003 诚地说常的良知 – 祭李慎先生 Memorial of Mr. Li Shenzhi Liberal, Eulogy Under Bird s-Eye View of Departed Souls Memorial of June Fourth ’ th – 26/05/2003 在亡灵目光的视 – “六.”十祭 “June. Fourth” 14 Anniversary

Political SARS Created Another Unjust Case – Call for SARS, Call for 治 SARS 造的又大冤案 – 徐靳海 Xu Wei, Jin Haike, Yang Zili, Zhang Honghai Internet 106 28/05/2003 科杨子立宏海而 Writers June Fourth Heritage and Human Rights Movement Human Rights, th – 29/05/2003 六遗和人权 – 六十周祭 Memorial of June Fourth 14 Anniversary June Fourth

Public Opinion Misleading Hu-Wen “New Leaders 06/06/2003 舆误的胡温“” Administration” Public Opinion Manipulation 09/06/2003 权的“” Makeshift “Accountability” Lies

Bubbles of Public Opinion : Hu-Wen “New Leaders 10/06/2003 舆沫：胡温“” Administration” Manipulation Zhou Zhengyi Incident and Financial Corruption Corruption, 107 12/06/2003 周毅案金融腐 Zhou Zhengyi

105 Li Shenzhi (1923- 22 April 2003) was a prominent social scientist and public intellectual known for his knowledge of international affairs. 106 See report Four Internet writers sentenced to lengthy prison terms.

107 Zhou Zhengyi (1961-) is a prominent Shanghai-based businessman who was detained in June 2003 for illegally acquiring state land and bank loans. In June 2004, he was sentenced to three years in prison for stock market fraud. 40

Article 23 Examines “Hu-Wen New Administration” Freedom of 13/06/2003 23 条检验“胡温” Expression 16/06/2003 支民来的金融腐 Financial Corruption Overdrawn by People’s Future Corruption

From Sun Zhigang’s Case to Termination of Custody and Rights Defence 志案到中收容遣 – 民间自发的维权 Repatriation – A Masterpiece of 19/06/2003 改革的杰作 Promoting Institutional Reform “Justice” Is the Maximization of Interests for Civil Society 22/06/2003 “公”就是弱势群体的利益最大 Disadvantaged Groups

What Can We Hope For? Constitutional Democracy vs. Old Style 26/06/2003 们能盼来？ Rulers? Visit to Hong Kong – Look Up Hong Kong Government, Hong Kong 01/07/2003 亲港府而民意的香港行 Ignore Hong Kongese Opinion

st 03/07/2003 七：大的和香港的迹 July 1 : Mainland Incapability and Hong Kong Miracle Hong Kong 希望失望的恶性循 — 简胡锦涛七• – Vicious Cycle of Hope and Disappointment – Short Official Speech st 06/07/2003 Comments On ’s July 1 Speech (1)

胡温挑战江派的深原因 – 胡锦涛七 Underlying Reasons of Hu-Wen Not Challenging Jiang’s Leaders, st 07/07/2003 Faction – Hu Jintaos’ July 1 Speech (2) Factionalism 吃饭哲学跛足改革 – 胡锦涛七 Eating Rice Philosophy and Lame Reforms – Hu Jintaos’ Official Speech, st 09/07/2003 July 1 Speech (3) Reform

定移地玩亲民具 – 胡锦涛七 Insistently Manipulating 'Close to People' Tools – Hu Leader Speech st 11/07/2003 Jintaos’ July 1 Speech (4) 108 14/07/2003 岁李思怡死拷灵 Death of Three Year-Old Li Siyi Interrogates Souls Incident

108 On June 21, 2003, a three year-old girl, Li Siyi, was found in her home dead of starvation. Siyi s mother, a drug addict, had been arrested on June 4, and in spite of the woman s pleas to Public ’ ’ Security officers, no action was taken to ensure the of Siyi, who had been left at home alone.

41 431

Pressure and Lessons for Mainland from Hong Kongese Hong Kong 15/07/2003 港人胜利对大的压力和启示 Victory 16/07/2003 民间维权的胜利 Victory of Citizens’ Rights Defence Weiquan

Dialogue between Liu Xiaobo and Ren Bumei on Book “Catastrophism” Discussion, 17/07/2003 晓任寐关于灾的对 Intellectual Article 23 and Dictator’s Nightmare FoE, Hong 19/07/2003 23 条者的梦 Kong

Two Lessons That Must Be Learnt By Beijing in Case of Hong Kong 19/07/2003 京港府执机汲的大教 Hong Kong Government’s Ruling Crisis 19/07/2003 京封锁信息的 Dual Detriments of Beijing’s Block of Information FoE, Media

Comtests between Cherishing Freedom and Hostility Hong Kong 珍爱自和敌视自的较 – 感于港人大游 towards Freedom – Thoughts on Victory of Hong 20/07/2003 行的胜利 Kongese March 25/07/2003 京港民间的高墙 High Wall Between Citizens of Beijing and Hong Kong Hong Kong

Who Would Voice Grievances for Prisoners of Prisoners 25/07/2003 谁超期羁的良心犯鸣冤 Conscience in Extended Detention Two Faces of Mainland Law Enforcers Authorities 30/07/2003 大执法者的面 manipulation?

00/08/2003 极权时的民间角色 Role of Civil Society in Post-Totalitarian Era Civil Society Started as Tragedy, Ended as Tragedy (Written at Beijing Philosophy, 始于悲剧，于悲剧 1987 写于京师范大 Normal University in 1987 and revised at home in Beijing Western History

00/08/2003 学，2003 8 于京家中 in 08/2003) 06/08/2003 大警察的另面 Another Face of Mainland Police Police 42

Kim Jong-il’s Dictatorship Swallows Kim Dae-jung’s Kim Dae- 109 Sunshine (Policy) jung , Kim 110 Jong-il , 06/08/2003 金日噬金大中光 DPRK

13/08/2003 中没法 China Doesn’t Have Legal Justice Law 14/08/2003 “民立”的虚假 Hypocrisy of “Democratic Constitution” Democracy

Rule of Evil Law and Its Victims: Comments on Case of Law, Sun 111 “Sun Dawu Illegal Financing” Dawu , 16/08/2003 恶法治其者：“大非法融资案” Entrepreneur Civil Pressure for Reforms of Party’s Newspapers and Media, Civil 19/08/2003 迫使党刊改革的民间压力 Magazines Society

Mao Zedong Juggled Constitution Around Mao, Chinese History, 21/08/2003 毛玩法 Constitution 26/08/2003 人刍狗的毛 Mao Seeing Human Lives As Dogs Mao Lame Diplomacy Comes from Lame Reform - Comments Foreign on North Korean Nuclear Crisis (I) Relations, 28/08/2003 跛足来自跛足改革– 朝核机 DPRK Why Did Evil DPRK Give Way? Comments on North Foreign Korean Nuclear Crisis (II) Relations, 29/08/2003 邪恶朝鲜？– 朝核机 DPRK

109 th Kim Dae-jung (1925-2009) was the 15 President of the Republic of Korea from 1998 to 2003 and the 2000 Nobel Peace Prize recipient for his long-standing opposition to authoritarian rule and for his

Sunshine Policy towards North Korea. 110 Kim Jong-il (1941-2011) was the Supreme Leader of the DPRK from 1994 to 2011. 111 Sun Dawu is a private entrepreneur who was arrested in July 2003 for “illegal fundraising.” See report here and a comparison of Zhou Zhengyi and Sun Dawu by .

43

Why Did Beijing Turn to USA? Comments on North Foreign Korean Nuclear Crisis (III) Relations, 30/08/2003 京转向美？– 朝核机 DPRK Beiming Interview’s With Liu Xiaobo: Internet and Internet, Media 00/09/2003 明晓：联网民间言路 Public Opinion

03/09/2003 六方谈中 Six-Party Talks and Chinese Diplomacy DPRK Devaluation of Kim’s Regime in China – Comments on DPRK 03/09/2003 金家权在中值–朝核机 North Korean Nuclear Crisis (IV) 08/09/2003 中共治港的骨皮 Bones and Skins of CCP Ruling Hong Kong Hong Kong 周恩来的荣 – 读晚周恩来 Zhou Enlai’s Posthumous Honour – Reading “Zhou Enlai: Leaders, Book 09/09/2003 包括 The Last Perfect Revolutionary” (I) (Including II as well) Review

13/09/2003 教育收，堪负 Education Charges, Too Burdensome Education 15/09/2003 中共治港的面统治术 Two-Faced Ruling Strategies of CCP Rule in Hong Kong Hong Kong

Collapse Is Predicted to Strengthen Stability of Dictatorship 17/09/2003 崩溃预期稳定 Dictatorship 17/09/2003 常态和态舆 Normative Dictatorship and Distorted Public Opinion Dictatorship

Why is the Protest of Claims for Japanese Compensation Sino-Japan 18/09/2003 对日索赔游行何被？ Rejected? Love, Guilt and Repent – Dedicated to the People in Civil Society Hunger Strike for Li Siyi (see 25/09/2003 爱罪和忏悔–献给李思怡绝的人们 14/07/2003)

28/09/2003 抗权剥的自焚 Self-Immolation that Resists Authoritarian Exploitation Civil Society Dispel the Myth of Theory of “Party Ends, China Ends” Official 00/10/2003 破除“亡党亡”的迷思 Discourse

44

112 01/10/2003 狂热到精明的爱 Patriotism, From Fever to Intelligence Sino-Japan 113 01/10/2003 自焚背的人权灾难 Human Rights Disasters Behind Self-Immolation Human Rights

114 04/10/2003 向自的先驱王申酉敬 Salute Pioneer of Freedom Wang Shenyou Persecution case 周恩来是邓小权的具 – 读晚周恩 Zhou Enlai is Deng Xiaoping’s Tool for Power – CCP History 04/10/2003 来 Reading “Zhou Enlai: The Last Perfect Revolutionary”

十节想起中山和袁世() – 对袁世的 Thinking of Sun Yat-sen and Yuan Shikai On October Leaders, History th 视 10 (I) – Reviewing Yuan Shikai 05/10/2003 Thinking of Sun Yat-sen and Yuan Shikai On October Leaders, History th 十节想起中山和袁世() – 袁世对 10 (II) Yuan Shikai s Contribution of Ending – ’ 06/10/2003 结家的献 Hereditary Monarchy

The Last Optimistic Struggle Ancient Greek 08/10/2003 最乐的挣 History? Liu Di: A “Person of Big Bravery” – Dedicated to 23- Persecution 11/10/2003 荻：个“大写的人” – 献给十岁的荻 Year-Old Liu Di case, Liu Di

12/10/2003 再公共发言中的道德线 Another Essay on Moral Baseline in Public Speaking FR115 13/10/2003 无声中全信息视 Silent Third Plenary Session and Information Leaders, Plenum

112 In late September was reported a sex scandal that occurred in mid-September and involved 400 Japanese tourists hired hundreds of prostitutes at a luxury hotel in Zhuhai (). It triggered a public outcry because it happened around the anniversary of the Mukden Incident (八) on September 18. Liu is critical of netizens’ violent language on BBS as well as of the Party’s foreign policy for its “double standard” between its “low-key and pragmatic” external communication and its “patriotic and demonizing” internal propaganda that incites anger and hatred, notably anti-Japan or

Anti-American sentiment.

113 On 15 September 2003, the farmer Zhu Zhengliang set himself alight under the portrait of Mao Zedong in to protest his family s forced eviction from their home in a rural region of ’ Anhui province.

114 Arrested on 10 September 1976 (one day after Mao s death) for criticizing , he was executed on 27 Paril 1977 while Jiang Qing and the Gang of Four were officially condemned. He was ’ officially “rehabilitated” in 1981. 115 The French translation’s title is “To Take Care of Individual Conscience, On the Basic Moral Requirements of Public Discourse”

45

Discrimination 16/10/2003 意寥寥的中全 Third Plenary Session that Lacks New Ideas Leaders, Plenum 17/10/2003 抗中共判何德普 Protest Against CCP Putting He Depu in Trial Persecution case

17/10/2003 空的虚拟和真 Fiction and Reality after the Launch of Shenzhou 5 Space Politics? 19/10/2003 中资热 Mania of Chinese Capital Flight Corruption

To Luo Yongzhong – Healthy Minds VS Disabled System Active Citizen, (See 02/04/2004) Luo 116 21/10/2003 罗永忠–健全心智对残疾 Yongzhong 25/10/2003 金日–邪恶最 Kim Jong-il – The Worst Evil DPRK 27/10/2003 胡锦涛何潇洒 Why Doesn’t Hu Jintao Let Go Leaders 周恩来的场生术 – 读晚周恩来 Zhou Enlai’s Survival Skills in Officialdom – “Zhou Leaders, Book 30/10/2003 全 Enlai: The Last Perfect Revolutionary” (III) (Complete) Review

Strongly Protest Against Mainland Public Security’s Du Daobin 30/10/2003 烈抗大公逮捕杜斌 Arrest of Du Daobin China’s Human Rights Situation and CCP’s Narratives of Human Rights 02/11/2003 中人权状和中共人权语 Human Right

Liu Xiaobo etc.: Open Letter to Premier on Open Letter

晓等：关于网络作家杜斌因言获罪案 the Case of Internet Writer Du Daobin Convicted for His 02/11/2003 温家总理的公开信 Words ‘I Am Willing To Be Jailed With Du Daobin, Liu Di and Open Letter? “愿意杜斌荻杨子立牢！” Yang Zili , Jiang Peikun and His Wife – ’ – 04/11/2003 子霖蒋坤关注杜斌 Concerned About Du Daobin 06/11/2003 假定温家是中的好总理 Suppose Wen Jiabao Is A Good Premier in A Bad System Leaders, System

116 Luo Yongzhong (1968-) is a disabled Changchun-based shopkeeper who posted critical articles on the Internet, for which he was tried in mid-October 2003 for 3-years imprisonment. 46

Supplementary Information of Zhou Enlai’s Skills of Leaders 08/11/2003 周恩来术的补充资料 Officialdom

Back Then, How CCP Advocated Anglo-American History, Official 13/11/2003 ，中共是如何提倡英美式民的 Democracy Discourse 自人能容役的畅通无阻自人容 Free People Cannot Tolerate Enslavement Without Human Rights 13/11/2003 役畅行 Hindrance

17/11/2003 声援杜斌的茅于先生 Mr. Mao Yushi in Support of Du Daobin Open Letter Ms Zhang Xianling of “Tiananmen Mothers” Supports Du Tiananmen Daobin Mothers, Open 18/11/2003 “门母亲”先玲士声援杜斌 Letter?

Interview With Liu Xiaoobo: Talking about Falunggong Arrested Case 18/11/2003 晓：杜斌被捕谈法题 from the Arrest of Du Daobin Hypocrisy of Chinese Dictatorship Lies, 19/11/2003 中的伪善 Dictatorship

Yu Jie, Liu Xiaobo, Hu Ping, etc. Call to Remove the Open Letter + 余杰晓等人士吁迁移毛遗体的开

Remains of Mao Zedong EN report (see

式签信 20/11/2003 26/12/2007) 21/11/2003 人质是否再牌？ Is Hostage Diplomacy Playing its Card Again? Foreign Policy

Citizens’ Rights Defence Grows Under Suppression Rights Defence 26/11/2003 民间维权在肃杀中长全 (Complete) Division and Predicaments of Citizens’ Rights Defence Rights Defence 28/11/2003 民间维权的困境全 (Complete)

From Fear to Magnanimity – Xia Chunrong, Whom I Du Daobin 29/11/2003 惊慌到坦荡 – 在电中认的夏春蓉 Know by Phone

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117 Old Military Doctor and Female Soldier Truth 118 军蒋彦永和兵林 – 中美的个真 Jessica Lynch – Different Fates of Two Truth Heroes in 29/11/2003 英的 China and the USA

00/12/2003 林毛的冲突 Conflict Between Lin Biao and Mao Zedong CCP History 01/12/2003 荻获释的启示 Lessons Learnt from Liu Di’s Release Similar Below

04/12/2003 得的文狱 that Must Be “Loosened” Liu Di, Similar Iraqi Longing For Democratic Lights Foreign Affairs, 04/12/2003 渴望民光的伊拉克人 Iraq, USA

Re-mentioning Truth Hero Jiang Yanyong (SARS and SARS, 6/4 06/12/2003 再提真英蒋彦永SARS 64 June Fourth) 10/12/2003 温家美的高调 High and Low Profiles of Wen Jiabao’s Visit to USA (I) Leaders

11/12/2003 温家的个 Wen Jiabao’s Two Mothers Leaders 11/12/2003 温家美的高调 High and Low Profiles of Wen Jiabao’s Visit to USA (II) Leaders

12/12/2003 中央电视是暴君的悼者 CCTV is the Mourner of Despots Media Commentary: Initial Changes of CCP’s View On Constitution 14/12/2003 ：中共法的初 Constitution

14/12/2003 美军献给伊拉克人民最好的礼物 Best Gifts From American Soldiers To Iraqi People Iraq, USA “闻腐”在黑箱中闻垄断体的腐 Corruption Lingers in the Shadows of the Chinese Media Freedom of

18/12/2003 黑洞 Expression

117 Jiang Yanyong (1931-) is a Chinese physician and CCP member from Beijing who publicized a cover-up of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic by emailing in early April 2003 a letter reporting increasing number of infected cases to CCTV and PhoenixTV in Hong Kong. His letter was leaked to foreign media who widely reported it, resulting in the resignation of Beijing’s Mayor and of the Minister of Public in late April. In February 2004, Jiang wrote an open letter to Chinese Leaders revealing that his hospital had received th scores of people killed or injured by soldiers during June 4 . He asked the government to call the demonstrators “patriots” instead of “counter-revolutionaries” and to re-examine its own st responsibility. He was detained on June 1 2004 and released seven weeks later. 118 Jessica Lynch (1983-) is a former United States Army soldier who served in Iraq during the 2003 invasion by U.S. and allied forces. On 23 March 2003, she was captured and her rescue by st the US military on April 1 received much media coverage, which she later criticized as propaganda making her a heroine instead of a survivor. 48

EN/FR CCP Mouthpieces Pity Saddam Media, Iraq, Saddam 119 18/12/2003 中共怜惜姆 Hussein s Unjust Case: Crime Under Neon Lights Weiquan, Zheng ’ 120 20/12/2003 郑恩冤案：霓虹的罪恶 (see 06/03/2005) Enchong 121 Daughter of Complains Without Chinese History 21/12/2003 苦而自省的剑英 Introspection The Gold Bars Left Behind by Red Guards on Tiananmen Chinese History 卫兵遗落在门广场的金条 – 看凤卫视 Square Watching Phoenix TV Interview with Ye – 22/12/2003 对向真的采 Xiangzhen

Why is There Inevitably an Enemy in the Eyes of Mao Enemy 23/12/2003 甚毛的眼中总敌人(1) Zedong? (1) Mentality, Mao Why is There Inevitably an Enemy in the Eyes of Mao Enemy 24/12/2003 甚毛的眼中总敌人(2) Zedong? (2) Mentality, Mao

Why is There Inevitably an Enemy in the Eyes of Mao Enemy 25/12/2003 甚毛的眼中总敌人(3) Zedong? (3) Mentality Mao 27/12/2003 甚毛的眼中总敌人(4) Why is There Inevitably an Enemy in the Eyes of Mao Enemy

119 Saddam Hussein (1937-30 December 2006) was the President of Iraq from July 1979 until 9 April 2003. Captured on 13 December 2003 by the U.S-led forces, he was sentenced to death by hanging in

2006 for the 1982 killing of 148 Iraqi Shi'ites, although George W. Bush and Tony Blair first accused him of possessing weapons of mass destruction and having ties to al-Qaeda.

120 Zheng Enchong (1950-) is a Shanghai-based lawyer who advised hundreds of families displaced by Shanghai’s urban redevelopment projects on their rights to fair compensation. In June 2003, he was detained after exposing a real estate scandal and advising a group of evicted residents to sue the authorities in court for adequate compensation. To stop his advocacy on behalf of citizens forcibly evicted from their homes, he was sentenced in September 2003 in a closed trial to 3 years in prison under the charge of "supplying state secrets to foreign entities." After his release in June 2006, he is being kept under illegal house arrest.

121 Ye Jianying (1897-1986) was a Chinese communist general, Marshal of the PLA and chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from 1978 to 1983. His daughter is Ye

Xiangzhen. The Ye family represents one of China's most powerful in both politics and business.

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Zedong? (4) Mentality Mao 27/12/2003 谁的毛？ Whose Mao Zedong? Mao 28/12/2003 谁暴君毛？ Who Calls Back the Spirit of Tyrant Mao Zedong? Mao

Who is the CCTV Star Presentor Castrated of His/ Her Media, CCTV 31/12/2003 被阉割了声带的央视嘴 Voice? Modest Prosperity Society and Thief-like Capitalism Modest Prosperity, 00/01/2004 小社式资 Corruption

Worship of Political Achievements and Deficient Political Legitimacy (1) Legitimacy (Political 02/01/2004 绩崇法性残缺1 system) Worship of Political Achievements and Deficient Political 03/01/2004 绩崇法性残缺2 Legitimacy (2) Legitimacy Worship of Political Achievements and Deficient Political 04/01/2004 绩崇法性残缺3 Legitimacy (3) Legitimacy Worship of Political Achievements and Deficient Political 05/01/2004 绩崇法性残缺4 Legitimacy (4) Legitimacy From Relativism To New Obscurantism– Reading Book Review, 06/01/2004 相对到蒙昧–读治哲学 “History of ” Philosophy 09/01/2004 自美震慑“邪恶轴心” Free USA Holds “Axis of Evil” in Awe USA

Allocation According to Power – Inequality in Mao’s Era Chinese History 11/01/2004 按权力配–毛时的等 (I) Allocation According to Power – Inequality in Mao’s Era Chinese History 12/01/2004 按权力配–毛时的等中 (II) Allocation According to Power – Inequality in Mao’s Era Chinese History 14/01/2004 按权力配–毛时的等 (II) 14/01/2004 无法赢得民意信任的中法 Chinese Judicial System Unable to Gain Public Trust Judicial System

Seeing Internet Opinion Promoting Rule of Law from Law, Public 16/01/2004 “马案”看网络民意法治建 “BMW Case” (1) Opinion, 50

Incident Seeing Internet Opinion Promoting Rule of Law from Law, Public “BMW Case” (2) Opinion, 17/01/2004 “马案”看网络民意法治建中 Incident Seeing Internet Opinion Promoting Rule of Law from Law, Public “BMW Case” (3) Opinion, 19/01/2004 “马案”看网络民意法治建 Incident 26/01/2004 中法文封杀文 Les Années Chine-France Bans Culture Sino-French

29/01/2004 到方向的法总统希拉克 French President Chirac Unable to Find Direction (I) Sino-French 30/01/2004 到方向的法总统希拉克 French President Chirac Unable to Find Direction (II) Sino-French

Chirac Toadying Dictatorship – Comments on Hu Jintao’s Sino-French 30/01/2004 向献媚的希拉克 – 胡锦涛法 Visit to France 02/02/2004 暴发户心态的中 China’s Nouveau Riche Mentality (I) Nouveau Riche

03/02/2004 暴发户心态的中 China’s Nouveau Riche Mentality (II) Nouveau Riche Resign If Taken 200 Yuans as Bribes and Return 100,000 Corruption 06/02/2004 200 元撤职和 10 万元回收礼 Yuan-Worth Gifts

Mr. : Return to Hometown With Dignity Hong Kong, June Fourth, 122 09/02/2004 徒先生：尊地回 Szeto Wah Lights and Hopes in Our Hearts Philosophy, 11/02/2004 内心的明亮希望 God, Holocaust,

11/02/2004 别再拿和罗说 Do Not Take Advantage of and Russia to Talk Foreign Policy 12/02/2004 但愿杜斌是又个荻 Let’s Hope Du Daobin Is Another Liu Di Du Daobin

122 Szeto Wah (1931-2011) was a politician of the pan-democracy camp of Hong Kong and former chairman of The Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China. For more details on the Hong Kong Alliance, see Sonny Shiu-Hing Lo ( (2013) The Role of a Political Interest Group in Democratization of China and Hong Kong: the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic

Democratic Movements of China, Journal of Contemporary China, 22:84, pp. 923-943.

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13/02/2004 民间压力人权 Promote Human Rights with Civil Pressure Human Rights When Patriotism Becomes Threats from Authoritarian Patriotism 16/02/2004 爱权的要挟 Rule

Du Daobin Case – From Complete Black-box Operation Freedom of 17/02/2004 杜斌案 – 全黑箱到限公开 to Limited Openness Expression Hubei Public Security Department Should Clarify Further Zhengfa (Du 18/02/2004 湖省公该作澄清 Daobin)

A Spiritually Dead City of Revelry Shanghai, 20/02/2004 酒绿的精死城 Problems? 22/02/2004 权者的腐权 Anti-Corruption Privileges of the Privileged Corruption

25/02/2004 网络民意 (BBC) Internet Opinion and Institutional Progress Public Opinion 26/02/2004 邓亡灵定的爱 Patriotism Ordered by Deng’s Departed Soul Patriotism

Kant Lit the Fire of Enlightenment – Remembering the Philosopher, th 德燃的启蒙火 – 纪念大哲学家德逝 200 Anniversary of Great Philosopher Kant’s Death Michel 123 27/02/2004 世 200 周 Foucault 00/03/2004 福柯生叛的悖 Paradox of Foucault’s Rebellious Life Philosopher

Letter Requesting Legal Interpretation on the Crime of Law, FoE (Du 晓等： 要求对“煽颠覆家权罪”作 "Inciting Subversion" (Liu Xiaobo, Wang Yi and 102 Daobin Case) 01/03/2004 法律解释的吁信 signatories) 01/03/2004 法治的秩序 Order Under Rule of Law Law

“Cash Patriotism” of Emperor’s Tycoon from Hong Kong Patriotism, 03/03/2004 御用香港大款的“铜臭爱” Hong Kong Hu-Wen 'Close to People' With Guns Lianghui, 05/03/2004 枪杆子的胡温亲民 Military Policy?

06/03/2004 府怎能监督自 How Can Autocratic Government Supervise Itself Dictatorship

123 (1926-1984) was a French philosopher. 52

Human Rights Prosecution Under Human Rights Human Rights 08/03/2004 人权入的人权迫 Incorporation Into Constitution

直面六 – 你的良知被人看到 – 感于蒋彦 Facing June Fourth – Show Your Conscience – Thoughts June Fourth, on Mr. Jiang Yanyong’s Rectification of June Fourth Active Citizen 09/03/2004 永先生六 感于中某网民马德爆好难道 Thoughts on Some Chinese Netizens Cheering for Madrid Terrorism 12/03/2004 恐怖屠杀是死亡庆典？ Bombings (Is Terrorist Attack A Carnival of Death?)

14/03/2004 侵犯民知情权的 CCTV CCTV Violating Citizens’ Rights to Information Media, Right Seeing Human Rights Awareness from Xinhua Net’s Human Rights, 15/03/2004 网民意调查看人的人权意 Opinion Poll Media

19/03/2004 稳定的魔咒 Spell of Stability Theory Stability theory 20/03/2004 十了，要苟多久？ It’s Been 15 Years, How Long Will It Drift Along? June Fourth 124 20/03/2004 晓光的狂妄和 Kang Xiaoguang’s Conceitedness and Dirty Tricks Intellectual Ah-Bian, the Victor of Election, and Lien Chan, the Taiwan 20/03/2004 赢选的和赢公投的战 Victor in Referendum

Reflections of Duan Qirui’s Grand Nephew Died on June June Fourth, Fourth Massacre Duan 125 22/03/2004 琪瑞的死于六屠杀而想到的 Changlong 23/03/2004 湾恶劣境中的质民 Quality Democracy in Taiwan’s Adverse Environment Democracy

25/03/2004 权式腐的无效 Ineffectiveness of Anti-Corruption by the Privileged Corruption 28/03/2004 紧急吁烈抗中共公逮捕六难属 (Urgent Call) Strongly Protest against CCP Public Tiananmen

124 Kang Xiaoguang (1963-) is a prominent academic and advocate of Confucianism who once served as an advisor to Premier Zhu Rongji. For more details on his work, see Gänssbauer, M. (2011)

Confucianism and , the Academician Kang Xiaoguang: Investigations Into NGOs in China, the Falun Gong, Chinese Reportage, and the Confucian Tradition.

125 Duan Changlong was a graduate student who was shot in the chest as he tried to negotiate with soldiers at Xidan. He was the grand nephew of the warlord Duan Qirui (1865-1936), whose troops were responsible for the March 18 Massacre of 1926, the deadliest use of force against students in Beijing until 1989.

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126 子霖先玲黄金 Security Arrests of the June Fourth Bereaved Ding Zilin, Mothers, Call Zhang Xianling and Huang Jinping 关于子霖先玲黄金被拘捕的紧 Urgent Call about the Arrests of Ding Zilin, Zhang Tiananmen Xianling and Huang Jinping Mothers, Call 30/03/2004 急吁 难母亲的泪爱 – 献给被捕的子霖先 Tears and Love of Suffering Mothers – To Arrested Ding Tiananmen 30/03/2004 玲黄金 Ziling, Zhang Xianling and Huang Jinping Mothers

Latest News about the Three Arrested Bereaved Tiananmen 02/04/2004 关于被捕难属的最消息 Mothers Luo Yongzhong, A Powerful DisabledYouth Active Citizen 02/04/2004 力的残疾青罗永 (see 21/10/2003)

Let Tomb-Sweeping Day (Qing Ming Festival) Become June Fourth 03/04/2004 清明石头 – 六亡灵而作 Stones – Writing For Departed Souls of June Fourth Listen to Last Words of Lin Zhao, Memory, 04/04/2004 倾听林昭的遗言 EN/FR

林昭用生写就的遗言是中仅的自 Lin Zhao’s Last Words, Written with His Life, Is the Only Lin Zhao, 04/04/2004 声 Voice of Freedom in Contemporary China Memory 127 10/04/2004 懦德尔 Coward Muqtadā al-Ṣadr Iraqi leader

Japanese Challenges Prime Minister, Chinese Beat Sino-Japan 10/04/2004 日人挑战首相 人围子 Women Up

126 Although Party officials never specified the reason, they were apparently detained for publicizing their work with the families of victims. (See 15/05/2004)

127 Muqtadā al-Ṣadr (1973-) is an Iraqi Islamic political leader of a political party known as the Sadrist Movement. In late March 2004, the popular Baghdad newspaper Al Hawza, that was started after the removal of Saddam Hussein and considered to be Moqtada Sadr's mouthpiece, was shut down under orders of the US-led administration of Paul Bremer after being accused of encouraging violence against Coalition troops. On April 4, fighting broke out in several places between Sadr's Army and coalition soldiers with dozens being killed on both sides. See his profile on Al Jazeera (6 May 2004). See NYT article on the newspaper's shutdown (29 March 2004). In July 2004, the ban was lifted by Iraqi Prime Minister Iyad Allawi. 54

11/04/2004 美英自联盟胜 Anglo-American Alliance of Liberty Shall Prevail Foreign Policy

14/04/2004 京能否对思路？ Can Beijing Think Differently About Taiwan? Taiwan Toadying Skills of Accessory Doctors Wen Jiabao, Song Xiaozhuang 19/04/2004 闲博士的献媚术 Intellectual 128 Defending Lung Yingtai Who Sparked Wildfire Again Taiwan, Writer 21/04/2004 再燃火的龙辩 (I) Defending Lung Yingtai Who Sparked Wildfire Again Taiwan, Writer 21/04/2004 再燃火的龙辩 (II)

Democracy in Taiwan Can Only Gradually Become Democracy 21/04/2004 湾民能日渐熟 Mature 21/04/2004 湾民法治日熟 Taiwanese Democracy and Rule of Law Become Mature Democracy 129 Talking About Li Ao – Smart Arrogance Li Ao , Sino- 23/04/2004 说李敖 – 精明的骄狂 Taiwan “Hostage Diplomacy” Derives from the Nature of Dissent, “人质” 源于治敌视民间的 Autocratic Politics Against Civil Opposition – Writing Dictatorship nd 24/04/2004 质 – 杨建利被捕周而作 For 2 Anniversary of Yang Jianli’s Arrest

128 Lung Yingtai (1952-) is a Taiwanese writer (her name is spelled Long Yingtai in ). She published in 1985 in a book criticizing various conditions in Taiwan "The Wild Fire" (火) during

Kuomintang’s one-party rule, which caused much controversy. It was then republished in mainland China in 2005. She also published articles in mainland Chinese newspapers since the early 1990s. In 2006, she published the open letter "Please Use Civilization to Convince Me" to Hu Jintao to protest the temporary closure of China Youth Daily’s Freezing Point.

129 Li Ao (1935-) is a Taiwanese writer. Between March 2004 and December 2006, he was on Hong Kong Phoenix TV program “Li Ao has something to say” (李敖说). In September 2005, he returned to Mainland China for the first time in 56 years. He gave speeches at Peking University (urging the Party to protect freedom of speech as laid down in the Constitution but also praising its achievement in bringing economic prosperity while alluding that freedom should be obtained through "cleverer" means than mass revolutions such as the 1989 protests which could result in numerous deaths), Tsinghua and Fudan Universities and the trip was claimed by observers of Cross-Strait relations to have had a significant impact.

55

Talking About Li Ao II - Mao Zedong Li Ao, 24/04/2004 说李敖–紧跟暴君毛 Intellectual Do Not Say This Spring Is Cold Police 25/04/2004 要说今的春很冷 Surveillance

Nature of Ruling Hong Kong in Accordance with Law is Hong Kong 26/04/2004 依法治港的质是“恶法治港” “Ruling Hong Kong with Evil Law” Taling About Li Ao III: Self-Glorifying with “Bastard” Li Ao, 26/04/2004 说李敖：拿“王八蛋”来自炫 Intellectual 00/05/2004 契中的权利和(全) Rights and Duties in Contract (Complete) Law, Contract st 01/05/2004 在大，是谁的节日？ In Mainland, May 1 Belong to Whom? Labor

My Condolences to Compatriots who Died in Terrorist Terrorism, 03/05/2004 向死于恐怖袭的胞 Attacks Chinese in Iraq Who is Meddling in Hong Kong Affairs and Hurting Hong Kong 06/05/2004 谁在港中？ China?

Liu Shui’s Case – Is It Law Enforcement or a Set-up? Persecution 130 07/05/2004 水案 – 是执法是构？ case 10/05/2004 恶法治的毒法 Insidious Law in a Country Ruled by Evil Law

Listen Carefully to the Voice of the Tiananmen Mothers Tiananmen (EN excerpted version) Mothers, Book 131 15/05/2004 倾听门母亲的声音 Review 15/05/2004 杨建利冤案背的中 Reality in China Behind Yang Jianli’s Unjust Case Persecution

130 Freelance journalist Liu Shui was sentenced to two years' administrative detention, allegedly for “soliciting prostitution” and more likely because of his essays on 6/4 and his calls for political prisoners and political reforms. 131 In 1999, the Tiananmen Mothers had compiled enough material to publish a booklet entitled Witnessing the Massacre and Seeking Justice in which they listed the , along with photographs and capsule histories of 155 who died in the massacre. An expanded version of the booklet was later published in Hong Kong under the title In Search of the Victims of June Fourth, 1989– 2005 (Open Magazine Press, 2005). 56

Case Scandal of Prisoners Torture and Situation in Iraq - Human Rights, 15/05/2004 虐丑闻伊拉克势 – 虐案 Comment on Cases of Prisoners Torture (I) Iraq 六：民间证对方封锁 June Fourth: Civil Witnesses VS Official Censorship June Fourth 17/05/2004

Fighting Crimes with Crimes – Comments on Cases of Human Rights, 18/05/2004 罪恶罪恶 – 虐案 Prisoners Torture (II) Iraq 20/05/2004 港人被迫走街头 Hong Kongese Are Forced to Take to the Streets Hong Kong

American Credibility after Torture of Prisoners – Human Rights, 20/05/2004 虐的美信誉 – 虐案 Comments of Cases of Prisoners Torture (III) Iraq 治和解，民 – 们关于“六 An Appeal for Reconciliation and Democracy on a Dark Signed by Liu 周的吁 Anniversary 20/05/2014 ”15 Xiaobo, etc. Personal Conscience and Media Freedom in the Cases of Human Rights, 虐案中个人良知和闻自 – 虐案 Prisoners Torture – Comments of Cases of Prisoners Iraq 22/05/2004 Torture (IV) 25/05/2004 卫人权 即便损于家利益 Defend Human Rights, Even If It Hurts National Interests Human Rights

Sound System and Moral Direction of History – Human Rights, 25/05/2004 善的道德方向 – 虐案 Comments of Cases of Prisoners Torture (V) Iraq 00/06/2004 八中普通民的高 Nobility of the Masses in 89 Movement June Fourth

Power Division between Caesar and God Authority, 00/06/2004 恺帝间的权力 religion, history 04/06/2004 六凌晨的黑暗 Darkness before Dawn of June Fourth June Fourth

10/06/2004 1546 决和伊拉克建 Resolution 1546 and Rebuilding of Iraq Iraq 中商业文的情色狂情色狂–中商 The Erotic Carnival in Recent Chinese History (EN) Popular Culture 13/06/2004 业文批判

16/06/2004 六对中的积极意 Positive Significance of June Fourth to China June Fourth Protest Against Prosecution of Chinese Conscience Jiang Dissent 16/06/2004 抗对民族良知蒋彦永的迫 Yanrong

都案–亵渎法律公的判 –都案 Southern Metropolis Daily Case – Trial of Profaning the Freedom of Justice of Law – Comment on “Southern Metropolis Expression/ 17/06/2004

57

Daily Case” (1) Media A Trial that Obstructs Media Reform and Ruins Media 阻媒体改革和葬闻良知的判 – “都 Journalistic Conscience Comment on Southern – “ 18/06/2004 案” Metropolis Daily Case” (2)

Resolve Hong Kong’s Problem of Autocracy VS Hong Kong 20/06/2004 解香港的黑悲情 Democracy Christians Who Conquered Roman Empire with Bare History? 22/06/2004 徒手服罗马帝的督徒 Hands

Rights Defenders’s Concerns on “Southern Metropolis Rights Defence 民间维权对都案的关注 –都案 Daily Case” – Comment on “Southern Metropolis Daily 22/06/2004 Case (III) ” 27/06/2004 六方谈的无果而 Six-Party Talk Yielded No Results DPRK st 01/07/2004 今七日 July 1 This Year Hong Kong How Much Money Did the “Audit Storm” Sweep Away Corruption? 02/07/2004 风暴刮走多少血汗钱 from the People Fiscal Policy

Contemporary Dual Tracks that Lead to Totalitarian Dictatorship, 132 06/07/2004 通向极权暴的轨 Autocracy (I) Book Review st 07/07/2004 晓：七游行人鼓 Interview with Liu Xiaobo: July 1 March is Encouraging Hong Kong

Nanfang Daily’s Case Obstructs Media Reform and Ruins Media, Nanfang 07/07/2004 都案阻媒体改革葬闻良知 Journalistic Conscience Case Jiang Yanrong’s Bare-hand Resistance Against Dissent 08/07/2004 蒋彦永对的徒手抗 Authoritarian Rule

Contemporary Dual Tracks that Lead to Totalitarian Dictatoship 08/07/2004 通向极权暴的轨 Autocracy (II)

132 By legal scholar Ingo Müller, first published in German as Furchtbare Juristen: Die unbewaltigte Vergangenheit unserer Justiz (1987) and translated in English as Hitler's Justice: The

Courts of the Third Reich (1991) by Deborach Lucas Schneider, and in Chinese as 恐怖的法 納粹時期的法 (2000) by (王勇). 58

Public Opinion in Taiwan VS Authoritarian Rule in Taiwan, Regime 10/07/2004 湾民意对京权 Beijing

12/07/2004 世俗治的圣来源 Divine Origin of Secular Politics Tyranny 15/07/2004 无视农民权利乃万恶首 Ignoring Rights of Farmers is the Worst Evil Farmers

Tradegy of Gerontocracy – Chinese Reforms in Deng Leaders, 15/07/2004 人治的悲剧 – 邓小时的中改革 Xiaoping’s Era Reform, System Journalistic Conscience Despise the Faces of Bureaucrats Open Letter, Lu 133 闻良知蔑视小僚面孔 – 感于中青 – Thoughts on “China Youth” Reporter Lu Yuegang’s Yuegang 22/07/2004 者跃的公开信 Open Letter

Big Reporter Nailed Bureaucrats Onto Pillar of Historical Open Letter, 大者小僚耻柱 – 感于著 Shame – Thoughts on Famous Reporter Lu Yuegang’s Media 26/07/2004 者跃的公开信 Open Letter 30/07/2004 2004 – 中体内的崛起 2004 – The Rise of Opposition Within Chinese System 2005 Book

01/08/2004 中在走向法西吗？ Is China Turning Fascist? Zhao case Strongly Protest Against CCP Guangxi Authorities FoE, Tizhinei 134 ’ 04/08/2004 烈抗中共广西对陈勤教的迫 Prosecution of Professor Chen Qin

权是社公的础权是公 Private Property Rights is the Basis for Social Justice Property Rights 09/08/2004 的础 How Mao Zedong Expropriated Farmers Property Rights, 13/08/2004 毛如何剥农民 Farmers

How Did Mao Zedong Torment Chinese People Mao, Chinese / 13/08/2004 毛如何戕人的生 CCP History

133 Lu Yuegang (1958-) is a journalist and a writer of non-fiction. English translation of the open letter available at: http://www.zonaeuropa.com/20040725_1.htm

134 Professor at the History Department of Guangxi Normal University in Guilin, arrested on 24 July 2003 after publishing online the essay entitled 中七大恶心 / China’s Seven Bad Habits (See here for an English translation) which Beijing News published and got purged as a result.

59

Stalin’s Financial Assistance Helped CCP Develop CCP History, 14/08/2004 大林金援中共发展 Russia

14/08/2004 毛如何抢人 How Mao Zedong Plundered Private Property Mao, Land Freedom is the Fruit of Action – Thoughts on Mao Statement 15/08/2004 自是起而行的果 – 感于茅于的声明 Yushi’s Statement

Heaven for the Rich and Powerful, Hell for the Weak Social Injustice, Wealthy Gap (Lu Xun 16/08/2004 权的堂弱者的地狱 expression?) Civil Body Armour Protecting the Anti-Corruption Corruption, 17/08/2004 腐书的民间衣 Secretary Civil Society

Remembering Deng Xiaoping for His Distortion of Chinese/ CCP 17/08/2004 歪曲和罪恶的纪念邓小 History and Cover of Crimes History, Leader Corruption Exposed Under the Sunshine of Public Corruption 被在舆光的腐 – 感于县书黄 Opinion Thoughts on County Secretary Huang Jinshu s – ’ 17/08/2004 金高的投书 Letter

29/08/2004 警惕金牌精鸦 Beware of Gold Becoming Spiritual Opium Sports? “Deng’s Modest Prosperity” is a Pigsty Deng, Modest 30/08/2004 邓小是个圈 Prosperity

00/09/2004 困州的极 Bipolarisation in Poverty-Stricken Poverty The No Longer Silent Opposition Within the System Tizhinei, 2005 07/09/2004 体内力再沉默 Book

Remember the Children Slaughtered By Terrorists Terrorism (North Ossetia – 135 08/09/2004 被恐怖份子屠戮的孩子 Alania)

135 Beslan school hostage crisis started on 1 September 2004, lasted three days and involved the capture of over 1,100 people as hostages (including 777 children) ending with the death of over 380 people, the majority of them children. 60

The Spiritual Landscape of Urban Youth in Post- EN/FR 15/09/2004 极权时的精景 Totalitarian China

Lin Biao Died of His Refusal to Lower His Head to Mao Mao, Chinese 16/09/2004 林亡于肯向毛头 Zedong (see 12/2003) History Unwilling Response to Curtain Call of Autocratic Actor Leaders (Jiang 19/09/2004 子的无幕 Zemin)

22/09/2004 捍卫文明常的卫方 Defending Common Sense of Civilization Intellectual Difficulties Left by Jiang Zemin’s Response to Curtain Leaders (Jiang Call Zemin), Domestic 24/09/2004 江民幕留来的难题 politics

Extravagance and Violence in the Era of Modest Social problems 25/09/2004 小时的惶和暴戾 Prosperity 136 “With Only Mao Zedong, No New China” Mao, Chinese 01/10/2004 毛 没中 History

今日大 自的坟墓 (今日大自的坟 Today’s Beijing University is the Grave of Freedom Academic Freedom 04/10/2004 墓) Salute Right Defending Famers from Sanchawan Village, Rights Defence, Yulin City, Shanxi Province – Strongly Protest Against Farmers, 向陕西省榆林岔湾村的维权农民敬 – Barbaric Supression of Right Defending Farmers by Yulin Persecution 06/10/2004 烈抗榆林府对维权农民的蛮镇压 City Government

Wang Yi Shocked Me – Prologue of “Wang Yi’s Prologue, Book 06/10/2004 王怡惊了 –王怡文序 Collection” 17/10/2004 赵紫对中改革的献 Zhao Ziyang’s Contributions to Reforms in China CCP History,

136 In the 1950s, the Communist Party promoted a song called “Without the Communist Party There Would Be No New China” (没共党就没中). In 1989, student protesters at Tiananmen sang the song with sarcasm implying that “without the Communist Party, there would be no (such disaster as) ‘New China’ ” (Authorities could not stop them from singing it, because its first-level meaning was unobjectionable). Here, Liu Xiaobo goes one step further.

61 451

Ziyang 18/10/2004 美的理想统 American Tradition of Idealism US History Zhao Ziyang’s June Fourth Image June Fourth, 18/10/2004 赵紫的六形象 Ziyang

Quintessential Version of Obscurantist Works Zhang Yimou 23/10/2004 民小的精 Movies 23/10/2004 赵紫对胡邦的愧疚() Zhao Ziyang’s Regrets for Hu Yaobang (I) Ziyang

25/10/2004 赵紫对胡邦的愧疚() Zhao Ziyang’s Regrets for Hu Yaobang (II) Ziyang Iraq War and U.S. Presidential Election Iraq 31/10/2004 伊战美大选

Christian Persecution of Heresies in History History, 00/11/2004 督教的迫端 Wenziyu 02/11/2004 民间维权和社稳定 Citizens’ Rights Defence and Social Stability Rights Defence

03/11/2004 权的民间抗 Civil Resistance Under Authoritarian Rule Rights Defence U.S. Presidential Elections in the Mainland Media Foreign Affairs, 07/11/2004 大媒体中的美大选 Media

Ruling Crisis in the Era of Rights Awareness History of 08/11/2004 权利意觉醒时的统治机 Rights in China 09/11/2004 压根就是灵 It’s All About “Ineffective System” Petition

10/11/2004 中–宏稳定，微荡 China – Macro-Stability, Micro-Turmoil Stability Policy? Not A “Sub-Current” But A “Bubble” Recommendation Nationalism? 是“潜流” 而是“沫”荐潜流：对隘民 Sub-Current: Critique and Reflections On Parochial “ 14/11/2004 族的批判思 Nationalism”

Reject Distortion of History and Cover-up of Crime Leaders, 15/11/2004 绝歪曲和罪恶 People’s Power Bipolarisation and Comparison of Wealth Poisoning Education 18/11/2004 毒童心的极和富攀比 Children’s Minds Policy?

Freedom of Speech Against Terrorism and Lies - FoE, Lies, 用自言说对抗恐怖和谎言 – 接无界者 Acceptance Speech for “Press Freedom Defender” Terrorism 闻自卫士奖 的答词 20/11/2004 “ ” Awarded by Reporters Without Borders 62

22/11/2004 谈中的查题提 On China’s Investigation of Unconstitutionality (Outline) Constitution

23/11/2004 唯色的信仰和中共的无 Woeser’s Faith and CCP’s Atheism Tibet, Religion 25/11/2004 中知子的误入途 Chinese Contemporary Intellectuals Have Gone Astray Intellectuals

Rice Bowl is Broken, So What? Repression of journalists/write 25/11/2004 砸了饭碗又如何？ rs People’s Awareness of Civil Rights Has Already Human Rights? 00/12/2004 人民权力意经觉醒 Awakened

Laughing Away Party Leader’s Imbecile Words Official 04/12/2004 党昏 笑了 Discourse Has No Secrets FoE, Evil Law, 06/12/2004 师涛没秘 Case

Liu Xiaobo on Civil Rights and Ideology Yazhou 19/12/2004 Zhoukan Civil Awakening – The Future Free China lies in Civil Book ( Society Research 2005 来的自中在民间 Foundation) One Must Fight for Individual Rights – Reading “Taking Human Rights 00/01/2005 争个人权利 – 读认真对待权利 Rights Seriously” (see 05/12/1998) Book Review 10/01/2005 中再漆黑 China is No Longer in Complete Darkness Media?

How to Face Suffering WWII, Auschwitz, 13/01/2005 如何面对苦难 Kertesz 15/01/2005 中赌徒养肥了暴君金胖子 China’s Gamblers Raised the Fat, Depostic Ruler Kim Sino-DPRK 其等待黎明 如冲破黑暗 – 紫精然 Instead of Waiting For Dawn, Why Not Break Through Ziyang Darkness – Ziyang’s Spirit Remains Young 17/01/2005 18/01/2005 紫 Remember Ziyang Zhao Ziyang

19/01/2005 悲剧英赵紫 Tragic Hero Zhao Ziyang Zhao Ziyang Miserable Hu Yaobang and Zhao Ziyang Zhao Ziyang, 19/01/2005 悲情的胡邦和赵紫 High Cadre,

63

CCP History 19/01/2005 赵紫造的迹 Miracle(s) Created By Zhao Ziyang Zhao Ziyang Impetus to Correct One’s Own Mistakes “Zhao Ziyang 20/01/2005 迷途知返的深力 Model”

理想的示 – 感于总统的第 Thoughts on President Bush’s Second Inauguration US, Bush 任就职演 Speech 23/01/2005 24/01/2005 悲情紫的遗憾() Regrets of Miserable Ziyang (I) Zhao Ziyang

My Gratitude – Civil Warmth in Political Severe Civil Society 24/01/2005 的感激–治寒中的民间温暖 Coldness 25/01/2005 莫赵紫消极抗争 Do Not Devalue Zhao Ziyang’s Passive Resistance Zhao Ziyang

Chinese Political Reform Can No Longer Wait – Another Zhao Ziyang 26/01/2005 中治改革刻容缓 – 再祭紫 Memorial of Ziyang 26/01/2005 悲情紫的遗憾() Regrets of Miserable Ziyang (II) Zhao Ziyang

27/01/2005 色 – 奥维祭 White – Memorial of Auschwitz History 30/01/2005 伊拉克人 – 造的勇士 Iraqi People – Warriors Who Made History Iraq

Three Poems For Liao Yiwu – Publish Old Works To Writer, Poetry 写给廖的首诗 – 公开旧作，廖力 Congrat Old Liu’s Publishing of his Great Work 02/02/2005 作证词的 “Testimony” Seeing Sima Qian in “The Emperor Han Wu” History, Book 05/02/2005 看汉大帝中的马迁 Review Merciless Soap Opera of Emperor and Official CCP Ideology, 137 13/02/2005 杀人如麻的帝王旋律 Mainstream Melody Media, History Strongly Protest Against Persecution of Zhang Lin by Dissent, 14/02/2005 烈抗徽蚌公对林的迫 Police of Bengbu City, Anhui Individual Case

137 旋律 are themes CCP imposes on its audience. 64

15/02/2005 人权的继续行时 As Human Rights Shows Continue Human Rights 17/02/2005 中共的人权 The Human Rights Show of the CCP Human Rights

18/02/2005 献媚于权者的帝王 Soap Opera of Emperors Toadying the Powerful Media, History Liu Xiaobo’s Review of “The Vladimirov diaries: Yenan, Book Review, 晓日 – 苏联人笔的整 China, 1942-1945” – Yan’an Rectification Under a Russia 20/02/2005 风 Soviet’s Pen

Listen to Free Voices Breakthrough from “Information Media, th 倾听突破“信息柏林墙”的自声音 – 德 Berlin Wall” – Congratulations to 40 Anniversary of Germany (cf 25/02/2005 声开播十周 “” later scandal) 02/03/2005 良：的明智选择 One Country, Good System: Ah Bian’s Smart Choices Sino-Taiwan

02/03/2005 无效的根源 Roots of Ineffectiveness in Chinese Petition 02/03/2005 禁和遏 Arms Embargo and Containment of Dictatorship Dictatorship

Nation that Forgets Crime Has No Future Memory, 06/03/2005 遗忘罪恶的民族没前途 History Another Crime Under Neon Lights (see 20/12/2003) Shanghai, Lawyer Zheng 06/03/2005 霓虹的又罪恶 Enchong

Without People’s Rights, How to Have Harmony? Rights, Official 15/03/2005 没民权如何和？ Discourse Public Interest Whoring, Private Conduct Whoring and Corruption, 16/03/2005 嫖公益嫖德学术腐 – 2004 察 Academic Corruption – Published in “Observation” 2004 Academia

From Negative Liberty to Escape from Freedom Philosophy, 18/03/2005 消极自到避自 Escape? Racial Discrimination on Sina.net US, Public 20/03/2005 网的种族视 Opinion

20/03/2005 赖又来了 警察又岗 Rice is Coming Again. Police Is On Duty Again. US, Police

65 455

An Open Letter to the French People – The European Open Letter 法人民的公开信 – 欧盟解除对禁 Union’s Lifting of the Arms Embargo on China Will only 138 21/03/2005 是对暴的鼓励 Encourage Tyranny (« Français, ouvrez les yeux ! »)

21/03/2005 金日玩六方谈 Kim Jong-Il Juggles Six-Party Talks Around DPRK Terror Politics Made a Plastic Surgery for “Harmonious Official 23/03/2005 恐怖治“和社”整容 Society” Discourse

Open Letter to Minister of Education Zhou Ji About Open Letter 24/03/2005 就校园 BBS 被整肃教育部部长周济的公开信 Universities’ BBS 01/04/2005 校园 BBS 和焦标先生而作 Writing For School BBS and Mr. Jiao Guobiao Media 139 Reading Departed Souls on Tomb-Sweeping Day June Fourth (Appendix: Ding Ziling “ Looking for June Fourth 在清明节阅读亡灵 (录：子霖六死难 Victims , Yu Luowen Investigation into Massacre in

” “ 者录，遇罗文大兴屠杀调查和杨 Daxing County, Beijing” and Yang Xianhui “Chronicle of 05/04/2005 显惠边沟纪) Jiabiangou Rightists” ) CCP and Japanese Right-Wing: Both Won’t Apologize Sino-Japan, 07/04/2005 中共日翼：均道歉 History

Fabrication of Anti-Japanese History After CCP Came Japan 07/04/2005 中共执对抗日的伪造 Into Power Let’s Hope International Pressure Will Revitalize Media Eutelsat’s Conscience (NTDTV), 07/04/2005 望压力使欧卫良知发 /AUS

12/04/2005 暴君大林何向帝祈？ Why Did Autocrat Stalin Pray To God? Russia 13/04/2005 美日盟中日较力 U.S.-Japan Alliance and Sino-Japan Contest Sino-US-Japan

14/04/2005 爱爱到走火入魔 Patriotism to the Point of Obsession Patriotism

138 Published in newspaper Le Figaro, co-signed by Ding Zilin and Yu Jie. 139 Aka Qingming Festival

66

14/04/2005 的“法腐” “Lawful Corruption” In Autocratic System Dictatorship

Death of Pope and China’s Situaion of Religions Pope, Religion 15/04/2005 教逝世中教状况提 (Outline) Foreign Aggression Is Not a Matter of Concern, Domestic Propaganda 18/04/2005 患足虑 内忧要 Politics Is the Critical Issue

18/04/2005 被方操的日风潮 Anti-Japanese Unrest Manipulated by Officials Sino-Japan 20/04/2005 来挥去的日风潮 Anti-Japanese Unrest at CCP’s Beck and Call Sino-Japan

24/04/2005 日温的舆攻势 Public Opinion that Cools Anti-Japanese Unrest Sino-Japan 24/04/2005 谁向日了中和人的利益？ Who is Selling China and Chinese Interests to Japan? Sino-Japan

27/04/2005 真美的披肩发飘在中 Mayumi’s Shoulder-Length Hair Blown in China Sino-Japan Three East Asian States Led to the Wrong Way by Sino-Korea- 30/04/2005 被民族引向途的大 Nationalism Japan

03/05/2005 在盛装“胡”的背 Behind the “Hu-Lien Meeting” in Full Dress Sino-Taiwan Freedom of Speech is the Breakthrough for Citizens’ Freedom of 言自是民间维权的突破 – 写在“世界 Rights Defense – For the World Press Freedom Day Expression, 03/05/2005 闻自日” Rights Defence

Tang Ye or Shanghai Authorities, Who is Breaking the Sino-Japan 汤晔和海，谁在法？– 海对 Law? – Shanghai Authorities’ Judicial Manipulation of 07/05/2005 日风潮的法操 Anti-Japanese Unrest Little Yan’an Yesterday, Giant China Today – Critique of Mao, History 08/05/2005 昨日小 今日大中 – 毛批判 Mao Zedong

被共极权绑架的胜利 – 战胜利六十周的 Victory Kidnapped By Communist Dictatorship – History th 10/05/2005 另教 Another Lesson of the 60 Anniversary of WWII Victory

11/05/2005 中大学是自的坟墓 Chinese Universities are Graves of Freedom FoE, Academia

Superannuated Kuomingtang, Snobbish People’s First Sino-Taiwan 14/05/2005 朽的民党 势利的亲民党 Party 胡锦涛通吃的零和游 – 大行倾斜厉 Zero-sum Game Won by Hu Jintao – Mainland Trip of Sino-Taiwan 15/05/2005 Lien-Song Mainland Trip is Too Slanted

15/05/2005 被共极权绑架的法西胜利 – 战胜利六 Anti-Fascist Victory Kidnapped By Communist History

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th 十周的另教 Dictatorship – Another Lesson of the 60 Anniversary of WWII Victory th Children’s Will Finished By Mothers – 16 Anniversary Tiananmen of “June Fourth” Mothers, 17/05/2005 孩子的遗嘱母亲 – “六”十六周祭 Children th Remember Departed Souls – Memorial of 16 June Fourth 18/05/2005 亡灵 – 六十六周祭 Anniversary of June Fourth 18/05/2005 汉文帝都如中共权 CCP Regime Worse Than Emperor Wen of Wenziyu

倾听母亲和亡灵的声音 – 支持“门母亲”的 Listen To Mothers and Departed Souls – Support Just Tiananmen 要求 Demands of “Tiananmen Mothers” Mothers 30/05/2005 16/06/2005 中共对网络民间的封杀注定失 CCP’s Ban of Citizens’ Internet is Bound to Fail Internet

Hypocrisy of Dictatorship Indicates Possibility of Dictatorship 16/06/2005 的伪善预示自的能 Freedom 140 Rallying Cry for Rights Defence Lawyer Zhu Jiuhu Rallying Cry, 19/06/2005 维权律师朱久虎呐 Weiquan

监狱是通向自的第道门槛 – 林的 To Speak in Defence of Zhang Lin’s Freedom of FoE, Zhang 141 19/06/2005 言自辩 Expression Lin 和社具定灵活性胡锦涛构思“和 Slogans Possess Certain Flexibility Official 27/06/2005 社” (Hu Jintao Conceptualizes “Harmonious Society”) Discourse

被帝驯服的恺 被信仰服的权力 – 狱中读 Caesar Tamed by God, Power Conquered by Religion - History, Book 书笔 From Study Notes in Prison Review 00/07/2005 03/07/2005 时期周旋于苏美间的毛 Mao Zedong in between the Soviet and American in Mao, Chinese

140 Zhu Jiuhu (1966) is a lawyer from Gansu who is well known for his human rights defense work at 's Law Firm. In 2003, he defended the rural entrepreneur Sun Dawu's case. In 2005, he assisted in the North Shaanxi oil field case, and was illegally imprisoned for five months as a result. 141 Zhang Lin (1963-) is a writer and democracy activist based in Anhui province… 68

Yan’An Period History, Russia 142 Vote with Feet is a Choice of Human Nature Chen Yonglin case, 05/07/2005 用脚投票的人性择 compassion? Pastor Cai Zhuohua is Innocent Comment on Cai Religion, Cai – 143 08/07/2005 播信仰的蔡卓无罪 – 蔡卓案(1) Zhuohua’s Case (I) Zhuohua

Terrorism, the Malignant Tumour for Human Race in Terrorism, 7

世纪的人类毒瘤恐怖 – 向伦敦恐怖爆 New Century – My Condolences to Victims of London July London 08/07/2005 中的死难者 Terrorist Bombing bombings Civil Efforts Promoting Rights Defense by Law – Weiquan, 09/07/2005 法律维权的民间力 – 蔡卓案(2) Comment on Cai Zhuohua’s Case (II) Religion

比隶蛮的共极权 – 共极权 Communist Dictatorship, More Inhumane than Slavery – Dictatorship On Communist Dictatorship as the Most Inhumane 11/07/2005 蛮最 Harmonious Words and Divided Reality Official Discourse 13/07/2005 和言辞 Manipulation

14/07/2005 体的叛者 Defectors From Autocratic System Dictatorship 迷失在暴君怀中的西方派西方派是暴君 Western Leftists are Lost in the Arms of Despot (Western Left 14/07/2005 的凶 Leftists are Accomplices of Despot)

Greed of Power and Tears of Women – Thoughts on Media 权力的婪人的眼泪 – 看凤卫视题 Featured TV Programme “Shanbei Oil Field’s Case” on 16/07/2005 陕油案感 Phoenix Television

142 (1968-) Chen Yonglin (陈用林) is a former Chinese diplomat who sparked fears of a diplomatic incident through his defection to in the summer of 2005.

143 Cai Zhuohua (1971-) is a participant of the movement. English translation of Liu’s two essays on his case available at: https://197736a04a0d57705e9ede421e54425ec5c34ee4.googledrive.com/host/0BwO5hRHaKWdOWlNmR19tcHFDR28/journal5_e.pdf

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No Matter Who Wins, Democratic Taiwan Wins – Democracy, 17/07/2005 无谁赢，都是民湾赢 – 马英胜选感 Thoughts on Ma Ying-jeou’s Victory Taiwan, Ma 144 Congratulations to “Ma Ying-jeou” from Afar Democracy, 17/07/2005 遥“小马哥” Taiwan Dictatorship, More Inhumane Than Any Other Traditional Dictatorship 比任何统都蛮的极权 – 共 Autocracy – On Communist Dictatorship as the Most 18/07/2005 极权蛮最 Inhumane (II)

Ma Ying-jeou’s Victory Benefits Mainland Democracy Democracy, 18/07/2005 马英选利大民 Taiwan 杀人无界的恐怖 – 向遇恐怖袭的埃 Terrorism, a Crazed Killer – My Condolences to Victims Foreign Affairs, 23/07/2005 ！ of Terrorist Attacks in Egypt Terrorism

自翔的灵如美 – 献给雪和艾 The Flying, Liberated Souls are Amazingly Beautiful – Education Dedicated to Lu Xuesong and Ai Xiaoming (ICPC Prize) 27/07/2005 晓明 Mao Zedong, More Cruel Than Any Other Chinese Mao 比中帝王都残暴的毛 – 共极 Emperors – Communist Dictatorship as the Worst Evil 28/07/2005 权邪恶最 (III) 01/08/2005 “良知服”其影响(1-4 全) “Conscience Disobedience” and Its Impacts Conscience Is Mao Zedong the Most Destructive of Chinese Mao 毛是中统的最大破者吗？– 共 Tradition? – Communist Dictatorship as the Worst Evil 01/08/2005 极权蛮最 (IV)

Contest between Free Spirits and Anti-Freedom Education 自灵自教育的较 – 感于雪 Education – Thoughts on Lu Xuesong’s Class Suspension Policy, 01/08/2005 被停课 Incident Resistance case

144 On 16 July 2005, Ma Ying-jeou (1950-) won the first direct election of the chairman in the 's 93-year history after the retirement of Lien Chan (1936-). Liu Xiaobo saw it as a critical step in the democratization of the party while he remains anxious about the maturation of Taiwanese democracy. He sees as one of the cleanest politicians in Taiwan who has a vision and who has been a vocal supporter of the Chinese democracy movement and June Fourth since he was mayor of Taipei. He also appreciates the policy of "one country, good system"

(良) and the use of "democracy card" instead of “China threat” for Taiwan’s relations with China. 70

The Worst Brutality: Massacre for Massacre’s Sake Terrorist 02/08/2005 屠杀而屠杀的蛮最 Attacks

Great China Illusion to the Point of Obsession Great Power 04/08/2005 走火入魔的大中幻觉 Discourse 07/08/2005 大对小金核的无 Five Parties’Frustration of Kim’s Nuclear Blackmail DPRK Absurd Regime: “Anti-Corruption” with Children’s Corruption, Spirits Education 12/08/2005 “腐”到儿童心灵的荒唐权 Policy 13/08/2005 关于篡改的文声明 My Statement on Tampering with My Articles Statement

Malaysia Lost All Its Principles, It Should Learn From Chen Yonglin Australia case + Epoch 13/08/2005 马道失 向澳洲学 Times, Eutelsat? 共极权是人类最大的–共 Communist Dictatorship is the Biggest Thief in Human Dictatorship 15/08/2005 极权蛮最 History - Communist Dictatorship as the Worst Evil (IV) 15/08/2005 继续朱久虎和冯秉先呐 Keep Voicing Support for Zhu Jiuhu and Feng Bingxian Rallying Cry Behind the Black Gold Eating People – Writing For Mine Accidents 16/08/2005 在黑金吃人背 – 矿难中的无死者而作 Innocent Victims of the Mine Accident

From Political Accusation to Economic Accusation – Corruption 治指到经济指–置疑腐罪起黄 145

Voicing Doubts about Huang Jingao Prosecuted for 20/08/2005 金高 Corruption Sublime Words with Great Meanings from Super Girl Media, Super “ ” 146 25/08/2005 “超”的微言大 Girl

145 A local Communist Party official in southern China, Huang Jingao drew national attention in August 2004 by posting an open letter on a party website complaining that efforts to prosecute corruption had been thwarted by high-level officials. He was removed from his post and sentenced to life in prison in November 2005 after a campaign by party authorities. For more details on his trial, see here.

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Communist Dictatorship’s Control of Human Being is Dictatorship 28/08/2005 共极权对人的无前例 Unprecedentedly Rigorous Final Competition to Turn “Super Girl” Into “Good Girl” Media, Super 29/08/2005 “超”“乖”的总决赛 Girl

Human Rights Official Came, Police Is On Duty Again Human Rights 29/08/2005 人权高员来了，警察又岗了 (EN) 31/08/2005 的幻觉 Dangerous Illusion of World Power Great Power

Super Girl’s Debate: Thirst After Participation that Makes Media, Super 31/08/2005 超争：缝插的参饥渴 Use of All Spaces Girl 147 01/09/2005 朱虎过是个小毛 Zhu Chenghu is a Mere Little Mao Zedong Official

Mine Accident: A Darker System than Black Gold and Mine 02/09/2005 矿难：比黑金和黑心更黑的 Evil Hearts Mini-Chinese Version of Gandhian Non-Violent Civil Society 甘地式非暴力抗的微缩中 – 感于石 Resistance –Thoughts on Hunger Strike Relay in Taishi 03/09/2005 村村民的接力绝抗 Village

Sino-Russian Military Exercise: Negotiation with Tiger Sino-Russia 中军演 虎皮，患无 – 中间的 Will Cause Endless Troubles – Comments on Sino- 04/09/2005 伴关系 Russian Partnership

146 Super Girl (超声 literally "Super Female Voice") was a very popular singing contest for female contestants organized by Satellite Television between 2004 and 2006. In 2005, the competition captivated a nationwide audience of more than 400 million people, becoming one of the most successful shows in Chinese television history. It was condemned by CCTV as being "vulgar and manipulative" and criticised for its negative influence on society and young people by Liu Zhongde, a member of the CPPCC. One of the main factors contributing to the show's popularity was that viewers were able to participate in the judging process by sending text messages with their mobile phones to vote for their favorite contestants. Many observers relate the success of Supergirl with the need for and a starting point in obtaining the opinion of common people by introducing the concept of voting as a possible future practice for democratic elections.

147 Zhu Chenghu (1952-) is a professor and dean of China's National Defense University of the PLA. He attracted attention in July 2005 when he told a Wall Street Journal reporter threatening comments about China using nuclear weapons to deter US from interfering in Taiwan. 72

Political Gentlemen VS Political Thugs – Another Essay Civil Society, 治士 VS 治流氓 – 再石村非暴力抗 on Inspirations from Non-Violent Resistance in Taishi Non-Violence 05/09/2005 争的启示 Village

07/09/2005 被砸的巴士狱中七罪犯 Crushed Bastille Only Had Seven Prisoners France, History Significance of Civil Self-Organization of Super Girl’s Civil Society, 08/09/2005 超粉的民间自意 Fans Super Girl th 10/09/2005 9•11 周祭 Commemorating 4 Anniversary of September 11 US, Memory 10/09/2005 目盲心亮的陈光诚先生 Blind but Discernable Mr. Weiquan 148 1 Zhao Yan and 170 Chinese Labour Zhao Yan 12/09/2005 1 个赵燕和 170 的 case 14/09/2005 中媒体中的美飓风 U.S. Hurricanes in Chinese Media Foreign Affairs

Journalistic Conscience Challenges Media Control Once Media 14/09/2005 闻良知再挑战闻管 Again 石村镇压者的 (那镇压石 Remember Names of Suppressors inTaishi Village Taishi Incident 16/09/2005 村村民的罪恶)

20/09/2005 相信无赖金日吗？ Can One Trust Scoundrel Kim Jong-il? DPRK 20/09/2005 君临的狂傲 Haughty Emperor of Tianxia History

20/09/2005 民间觉醒时的治转型 Political Transformation in the Era of Civil Awareness Civil Society 20/09/2005 狂妄精的李敖 Pompous, Stuck-up Li Ao Intellectual Concerned for Mr. and the Detained Taishi Taishi Incident 21/09/2005 关注郭先生和被羁石村村民 Villagers 23/09/2005 精明的骄狂 Smart Arrogance Li Ao

25/09/2005 石村罢 谁是真赢家 Officials Dismissed from Taishi Village, Who is the Real Taishi Incident

148 On 21 July 2004, a female Chinese tourist and businesswoman named Zhao Yan was arrested by a Border Patrol agent near the U.S.-Canadian border on suspicion of drug smuggling and was severely beaten. For more details, see here.

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Winner 子的嘻笑怒骂李熬在大如何摸虎 Different Faces of an Actor (How Did Li Ao Pat the Tiger Intellectual 26/09/2005 股？ at Beijing University?)

李敖的盛世和郑春的文狱李熬的盛世和 Li Ao’s Prosperous Days and Zheng Yichun’s Literary FoE Inquisition 26/09/2005 郑春的文狱 27/09/2005 声援艾晓明 谴黑社 Support Ai Xiaoming, Condemn Gangsters Open Letter

Li Ao Sings Aloud for “Prosperous Days” at Tsinghua Prosperous 28/09/2005 李敖在清“盛世”高歌 Days 28/09/2005 李熬的献媚和自媚 Li Ao’s Toadying and Self-Toadying Intellectual

29/09/2005 李敖过是统战玩具 Li Ao is Just a Toy for Intellectual 03/10/2005 中共的爱 The CPC’s Dictatorial Patriotism (verdict) Dictatorship

06/10/2005 公民服在中的前景 Future of Civil Disobedience Movement in China Civil Society th 06/10/2005 自家在十世纪的大失误 () Four Mistakes Made by Free Countries in 20 Century (I) West, History

Open Letter to Yahoo! Inc. CEO Jerry Yang about Shi Open Letter 07/10/2005 就师涛案虎公董长杨的公开信 Tao Case Farce of the Illusory “Prosperous Days” Prosperous 09/10/2005 虚幻盛世的闹剧 Days

Farce of “Memorial to ” in the Illusory Confucius, “Prosperous Days” Prosperous 09/10/2005 虚幻盛世的“祭孔”闹剧 Days 10/10/2005 大林的残暴和儿的背叛 Cruelty of Stalin and Betrayal of His Daughter Russia th Four Mistakes Made by Free Countries in 20 Century West, History 10/10/2005 自家在十世纪的大失误() (II) 149 11/10/2005 小的“伪民腔” “Fake Cultural Tradition” and Stage of Sketches Pop Culture

149 Liu sees those comedies and shows as ideological tools. 74

13/10/2005 在祭孔闹剧的背 Behind the Farce of Memorial to Confucius Confucius 150 13/10/2005 无心肝的伯 Heartless Bernard Shaw Writer

Liu Xiaobo Speaks: “Civil Awakening – The Dawn of a Civil Society 17/10/2005 晓谈：来的自中在民间 Free China” 22/10/2005 中草根权利意觉醒 Chinese Grassroot Rights Awareness Awakening Civil Society

22/10/2005 民族是刃毒剑 Autocratic Nationalism is Single-Edged Poisonous Sword Dictatorship Paradox of Popular Sovereignty and People Ruled by Democracy, 23/10/2005 人民权和党人民的悖 Party Dictatorship

25/10/2005 巴金是面垂的旗 Ba Jin, The Limp White Flag Writer EN/FR Gangster-like Officials’ Cruelty against Rights Defenders Officials, 26/10/2005 黑社权对维权人士的残暴 Weiquan

28/10/2005 在和资金的背 Behind Greedy Officials and Capital Flight Capital Flight 杀民毁和的恐怖 – 感德恐怖爆 Terrorism Killing Civilians and Destroying Peace – Terrorism 151 01/11/2005 Thoughts On New Delhi Terrorist Bomb 152 Stalin Held Chiang Ching-kuo as Hostage Chinese History, 02/11/2005 大林蒋经作人质 USSR and Giving Up Claims for Japanese Chinese History, 04/11/2005 共内战对日索赔 Compensation Japan

Lessons Learnt from Lawyer Gao Zhisheng Dissent, 06/11/2005 高智晟律师的启示 Weiquan

150 George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) was an Irish playwright and a co-founder of the London School of Economics. 151 See 29 October 2005 Delhi bombings

152 Chiang Ching-kuo (1910-1988) was a Kuomintang politician and leader and the son of Chiang Kai-shek. He was the President of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1978 until his death in 1988. Under his tenure, the government became more open and tolerant of political dissent through relaxation of gover nment controls on the media and citizens public expression. He also allowed native Taiwanese ’ into positions of power including his successor Lee Teng-hui (1923-).

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08/11/2005 胡锦涛的钱 Money-Splashing Diplomacy of Hu Jintao Leaders

Killings Without Borders and Black-box Operation FoE, Terrorism, 杀人无界黑箱无洞 – 向旦恐怖袭的 Without Limits – My Condolences to Victims of Jordan Jordan 13/11/2005 死者 Terrorist Attack Dissolve Contemporary Autocratic Regimes with Truth Dictatorship 15/11/2005 用真瓦解权 Movement

Re-reading “Letters and Papers from Prison” (see Book Review 16/11/2005 狱中读狱中书简 10/1998) 153 17/11/2005 唐家璇的脸皮真够厚 is Truly Shameless Human Rights

19/11/2005 对胡邦的机纪念 Remembering Opportunism of Hu Yaobang Hu Yaobang 19/11/2005 民意对悲情胡邦唤 Public Opinion’s Calling For Miserable Hu Yaobang Hu Yaobang

21/11/2005 胡锦涛敢面对悲情胡邦 Hu Jintao Does Not Dare Face Miserable Hu Yaobang Hu Yaobang Profound Significance of Bush Praising Taiwanese US Official Democracy Discourse, 23/11/2005 赞扬湾民的深意 Taiwan

154 24/11/2005 中共黑箱哈尔滨水荒 CCP’s Black-box Operation and Ha’erbin Drought FoE Communist Regime is the Paramount Dictatorship of CCP, 共权是道统的最 – 七共极 Ideologies and Orthodoxies Communist Dictatorship as Dictatorship – 24/11/2005 权蛮最 the Worst Evil (VII)

Mainland Netizens Support Hong Kongese’ Struggle for Democracy, 29/11/2005 大网民支持港人争民 Democracy Hong Kong 29/11/2005 说：“共者是条狗” Sartre said: “Anti-Communists Are Dogs” Writer

153 th Tang Jiaxuan (1938-) was foreign minister of China from 1998 to 2003. During the 13 APEC Leaders' Meeting in in November 2005, he was asked by a Hong Kong reporter whether China and the U.S. discussed human rights issues, to which Tang Jiaxuan replied that “China’s Human Rights are the best while in the USA there is nothing great about it.” See reference here. 154 See 2005 Jilin chemical plant explosions 76

Irredeemable Shamelessness Coal Mine 01/12/2005 救药的无耻 Accident Seeing 171 Souls of Mine Accident Again – Pay Tributes Mine Accident 又 171 个矿难冤 – 悼无冤和抗 to Innocent Victims and Protest Against Shameless

01/12/2005 无耻权而作 Officials

Dongfeng Mine Accident and False System – To Mine Accident 风矿难虚假 – 悼念矿亡灵和咒 Remember Departed Spirits of Mine Workers and Curse 02/12/2005 冷血党权而作 the Cold-Blooded Party (Liu) Binyan Rejects the Idea of Writers Retreating Writer 05/12/2005 雁绝作家战而 Without Fighting

Hopes of Hong Kong Democracy Lies in Civil Society – Civil Society, th 香港民的希望在民间 – 感于港人争普 Thoughts on Hong Kongese “April 12 March” for Democracy, HK 05/12/2005 选“12•4 大游行” Double Universal Suffrage I Wish “Human Rights Day” Will Become History As Human Rights Soon As Possible Day (Charter 09/12/2005 但愿“世界人权日”早 08)

Shui Junyi’s Tilted Mouth and Anthony Yuen’s Black Media, Shui 155 Mouth Junyi , Anthony 156 09/12/2005 水均益的歪嘴和阮山的黑嘴 Yuen th 血染的 2005 12 6 日 2005 Remember Bloodstained 6 December, 2005 Taishi Incident 09/12/2005 12 6 日

10/12/2005 子霖晓等：关于广汕洲血案 Ding Zilin, Liu Xiaobo, etc.: Statement about Guangdong, Statement

155 Shui Junyi (1963-) started as an editor for 's international programs in 1984. He was then recruited by CCTV in 1993 where he hosted the popular current affairs program Focus.

156 Anthony Yuen aka Ruan Cishan 阮山 (1946-) is an American editor and anchor on the Hong Kong-based media Phoenix Television since 2001.

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的声明 Shanwei, Dongzhou Murder case The Bloody Case of Dongzhou Got Murdered One More FoE, Taishi 11/12/2005 被黑箱再杀的洲血案 Time by the Black Box (EN) Incident

Guangdong: From Pioneer of Reform to Region of Worst Taishi Incident 15/12/2005 广：改革先锋到首恶 Evil 15/12/2005 汕血案的始和背景 Complete Story and Background of Shanwei Murder Case (HK Prize)

15/12/2005 温家在法金 Wen Jiabao Using His Gold Card in France High Cadre If Unification is Slavery Taiwan, World 20/12/2005 如果统就是役 history

20/12/2005 看美对中的核心战略 How I See the Key Strategy of USA Towards China Sino-US 21/12/2005 中共给镇压杀人标 CCP Marks Prices for Supression and Murder Taishi Incident

22/12/2005 读高智晟的暴行调查 Reading Gao Zhisheng’s Investigation of Atrocity Dissent A Desperate Post and Its Replies Public Attitude, 24/12/2005 个绝望的帖子其跟 Pessimism

Blood in Civil Society Breaks the Myth of Officials’ Civil Society 25/12/2005 民间鲜血破权的亲民 'Close to People' “Beijing News” Attacked by Political Cold Current Yet FoE 29/12/2005 京再治寒流袭 Again

157 29/12/2005 的说明 – 綦彦臣先生 My Explanation – To Mr. Yanchen Persecution case th Four Big Mistakes Made By Free Countries in 20 West, History 自家在十世纪的大失误() – 第 Century (III): Third Big Mistake: Concession of Free 31/12/2005 大错误：自美英向极权苏联的 USA and UK to Totalitarian Soviet

157 Qi Yanchen (1964-) is an economist and freelance public intellectual who published many articles online and in foreign-based media who was arrested in September 1999 and sentenced for st 4 years in September 2000 in Cangzhou () on charges of “subversion” and was released on May 1 2003. With Huanq Qi, he was among the first “cyberdissidents.” in China to be sentenced for online expression.

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西方警惕中崛起中崛起引起 Why is the West Vigilant on China’s Rise Dictatorship 31/12/2005 世界关注 A Single Blade Poisonous Sword: Critique of Book (Taiwan) 2006 刃毒剑——中民族批判 Comtemporary Chinese Nationalism th 自家在十世纪的大失误– 第 Four Big Mistakes Made By Free Countries in 20 West, History Century (IV): Lost in “Mao Fever” in 1960s and 1970s 00/01/2006 大错误：六七十迷失于“毛热” 01/01/2006 向中海作鬼脸 Make a Face to in New Year Social Problems

Please Be Concerned for Feng Bingxian Who is Individual Case 04/01/2006 请关注明判的冯秉先 Sentenced Tomorrow Regularisation and Legitimatisation of Communist Communist 06/01/2006 共杀人的日常法 Murders Crime

Can It Be that the Chinese People Deserve Only “Party- Democracy EN 06/01/2006 难道中人配接“党民” Led Democracy”? 08/01/2006 民间网站望者渡 Ye Du, Guardian of Civil Websites Internet

10/01/2006 歪门邪道的抗韩 Unorthodox and Wicked Anti-Koreanism Korea 14/01/2006 权联美 愤青美 Officials Ally With USA, Angry Youth Against USA Sino-US

14/01/2006 整媒体手法视 New Ways of Controlling and Purging Media Media 158 15/01/2006 GDP 是中共的精鸦 GDP is Spiritual Opium for CCP Economics

15/01/2006 跛足改革带来的统治机 Ruling Crisis Brought by Lame Reform Reform Lesson of Ark Church Resistance against CCP Police Religion, 16/01/2006 方教抗中共警察的启示 Resistance

16/01/2006 金日的幽灵在中游荡 Kim Jong-il’s Soul Wandering in China Sino-DPRK 20/01/2006 “们永要再得样的胜利” – 罗 “We Shall Never Win Such a Victory Again” – A Russian History / Book

158 Liu’s title draws on Marx who famously refered to religion as the “opium of the people” and on the French intellectual (1905-1983) who described Marxism as the “opium of French intellectuals” (1957) several years after Simone Weil (1909-1943) did.

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159 学家对苏联卫战争的省罗 Historian’s Self-Reflection of Soviet Union’s Eastern Review 家省苏联卫战争 Front in WWII

没 没 没来 – 京“文学 No Memory No History No Future – For Beijing Seminar Memory, of “Literature and Memory” History 25/01/2006 ”研而作 Bleeding GDP Figures GDP, 25/01/2006 滴血的 GDP 数 Economics

明亮的冰和暗的权 – 读李大公开信 Bright Freezing Point and Dark Official Power – Reading Open Letter Li Datong’s Open Letter 26/01/2006 感 26/01/2006 冰其杀手 Remember “Freezing Point” and Its Killer Media

27/01/2006 中部是个西？ What is CCP Propaganda Department? Media 29/01/2006 除夜，那破家庭 Christmas Eve, Remember Those Broken Families Repression

01/02/2006 喝足狼奶的中部 CCP Propaganda Department Drank Enough Wolf Milk Media Greed and Madness at Doomsday – Thoughts on (Incident Weiquan, Taishi 04/02/2006 日的婪和疯狂 感于郭被 of) Guo Feixiong Being Beaten Up Incident –

Yahoo! Has Long Been Helping the Tyrant to Do Evil Internet, Yahoo 08/02/2006 虎早在虐 Case 09/02/2006 共的缪和拥共的 Anti-Communist Camus and Pro-Communist Sartre Intellectuals 160 “Wolf Totem” Replacing “Dragon Totem” Book review, 12/02/2006 “狼”“龙” Nationalism

159 The Truth About The Great Patriotic War, Boris Vadimovich Sokolov, translated in Chinese as: 鲍.瓦莫维.索科洛著的战秘档案

160 Wolf Totem (2004) is a semi-autobiographical novel by Lü Jiamin 呂嘉民 (1946-), better known under the Jiang Rong 姜, who was a former political science professor and democracy activist jailed after the 1989 protests. The story is about the experience of a young student from Beijing who is sent down to the countryside of in 1967. It praises the freedom and independent mind of the Mongolian nomads by contrasting it with the “dragon totem” of farmers whose “wolf spirit” remains dormant because of a "-like, Confucian-inspired culture." It was a best-seller in China by selling over four million copies by 2006. Because its reception in China was dominated by interpretations favouring competition and nationalism, Liu Xiaobo’s review of the novel is quite critical. 80

13/02/2006 喝狼奶最多 消最好 Drink the Most Wolf Milk, Digestion is Also the Best Media

14/02/2006 联网 Internet and I Internet EN / FR 15/02/2006 公开的谎言 无耻的狡辩 Open Lie, Shameless Quibble Open Letter

Salute Li Datong and Lu Yuegang Media, FoE, Lu 161 17/02/2006 向李大和跃意 Yuegang Smiling Face of Seattle and Long Face of Washington International 22/02/2006 西的笑脸和盛的脸 Relations

From to Balls Under the Red Chinese People 162 23/02/2006 无到旗的蛋 Flag 23/02/2006 资监狱将坍塌 Information Prison Will (Definitely) Fall Media, FoE

Changing the Regime by Changing Society System, Civil 26/02/2006 通过改社来改权 Society New Left Twisted the Knife in Li Datong’s Wound Freedom of 28/02/2006 对李大落石的派 Expression

02/03/2006 精于利益算的日 Doomsday Dictatorship is Good at Calculating Interests Dictatorship Day-after-Day Resistance of Suffering Mothers – Tiananmen 难母亲十如日的抗争 – 感于六难属 Thoughts on Petition of June Fourth Victims to Lianghui/ Mothers 03/03/2006 的书 Two-Meeting

Review of Freezing Point Incident – Big Journalists VS Media, Officials 04/03/2006 冰 – 大者 VS 小僚 Small Officials 06/03/2006 八中的李大和跃 Li Datong and Lu Yuegang in the 89 Movement June Fourth

09/03/2006 转的胡锦涛 Left-turned Hu Jintao is Also Anti-Leftist Leaders, Left

161 Quote: As a respected journalist within the system, he is protesting against the insulting way in which a young bureaucrat is wielding his power. He is sending a powerful signal to the leaders that such “ outmoded ways of control must go.” 162 “Nothing to My Name” is a 1986 hit song and “Balls Under the Red Flag” is the title of a 1994 album, both by (1961-) who is known as the father of Chinese rock.

81

Hu Jintao’s Regime Attacks Both the Lefts and Rights Freedom of 09/03/2006 胡锦涛权开弓 Expression

The Many Faces of CPC Dictatorship Dictatorship 13/03/2006 多面的中共 EN/FR 文明世界 VS 中共民西方 VS 中 Civilized World vs. CCP Dictatorship (Democratic West Democracy, 15/03/2006 共 vs. Dictatorial CCP) Dictatorship

Aegean Sea, Ocean of Freedom Zhang Jianhong 163 16/03/2006 爱琴海,自的海 (Li Hong) Liu Xiaobo, Joseph Wu: Dialogue Between Democraic Taiwan, Joseph 18/03/2006 晓 吴燮：民湾民中的对 Taiwan and Democratic PRC Wu164

20/03/2006 中共人质游何时了？ When Will CCP Hostage Diplomacy Game End? Manipulation Appointed View on Honour and Shame in Jest Political Speech, 23/03/2006 被的定荣 Public Attitude 165 Foreigners Don’t Understand CCP Bureaucrats Li Xiguang 24/03/2006 看懂中共僚 EN

163 Zhang Jianhong (1958-December 31, 2010), aka under his pen name Li Hong (力虹), was a Ningbo-based freelance writer and democracy activist member of ICPC who founded in August

2005 the website Aegean Sea (爱琴海), which became very popular among intellectuals until it was closed 7 months later by authorities on 9 March 2006. In March 2007, based on his articles published online, he was sentenced to 6 Years imprisonment for “inciting subversion of state power.” During his detention, he was diagnosed to have a rare neurological disorder (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) but his treatment was delayed and after his release on medical parole on 5 June 2010, it was further delayed because his family could not afford the medical cost and the authorities had blocked the bank accounts used for accepting overseas donations. Remaining in hospital under critical condition, he died on New Year's Eve 2010. His friends were put under house arrest to prevent them from holding a memorial.

164 Joseph Wu (1954-) is a Taiwanese political scientist whom Chen Shui-bian appointed from May 2004 to March 2007 as chairman of the Mainland Affairs Council, in charge of coordinating relations with Mainland China. 165 Liu Xiaobo’s quote: “Li Xiguang, dean of the School of Journalism and Communication at Tsinghua University is popular on both sides of the Pacific Ocean because he is fluent in Chinese and English. When he visits the United States, he uses English to talk about freedom of press. His English articles are about liberal views on journalism. The Americans are very pleased and they are surprised that a journalism professor from the most renowned university should be so open-minded. When Professor Li is in China, he speaks in Chinese and writes in Chinese. There, he is famous for "demonizing" the United States, he publicly advocates restricting freedom of speech on the Internet and he has the stinky reputation of "moral advocate of Internet control".

He is one of the most detested official scholars among netizens.” 82

A Small Breakthrough, A Plateful of Possibilities – Civil Freedom of 突破 满活 – 争言自突破 Rights Defense Seeks to Fight for Freedom of Speech for Expression, 27/03/2006 的民间维权 Breakthroughs Weiquan

Democracy Card of Ma Ying-jeou Taiwan, 30/03/2006 马英的民牌 Democracy Rise of CCP and New World Order Great Power 31/03/2006 中共崛起世界秩序 Discourse

02/04/2006 道德的定“荣” Anti-Moral, Appointed “View on Honour and Shame” Political Speech 04/04/2006 关于自的证 Regarding Argument on Freedom Philosophy

11/04/2006 樱花的中难 Chinese Calamity of Cherry Blossom Japan Institution of “Being Wealthy but Immoral” (Lame Reform 性的“富”跛足的中经济改革谁 Economic Reform in China, Who is the Biggest 14/04/2006 是最大的利益获得者？ Beneficiary?)

Hu-Bush Meeting – About Antagonistic Systems and Sino-US 15/04/2006 胡 – 对立支配利益相关 Being Driven by Interests Lien Chan Taking Up the Position of CPPCC Vice Sino-Taiwan 15/04/2006 战任中共副指日待 President is Around the Corner Originator of (the Idea of) Mouthpiece – Sun Yat-sen Media, Book 166 16/04/2006 思想的始作俑者 – 中山 Review 18/04/2006 看改革争 How I See Debates on Reform Reform

The Negative Effects of the Rise of Dictatorship on World Democracy, Democratization Dictatorship 21/04/2006 崛起对世界民的负面效 EN/FR Reading “The Dialectical Imagination: A History of the Book Review 21/04/2006 读法兰克福学派 Frankfurt School and the Institute of Social Research,

166 The main writers he refers to in this article are 袁时 Yuan Weishi, 王怡 Wang Yi, 育 Zhang Yuren

83 473

1923-1950” Elimination of Korean Team is Inevitable and God’s 2006 FIFA 24/04/2006 韩队是然是“谴” Punishment World Cup 25/04/2006 于民土地 To Return Property to People, Land Must Be Privatized Privatization

My Personal Freedom is Deprived within 10+ Minutes – FR, RTL 1996 的人自在十几钟内被剥 – 写在劳改 Writing at the Eve of International Seminar of “Soviet 金“苏联的拉格和中的劳改” Gulag and Chinese Re-education through Labour” 29/04/2006 研即将开 Organized by Laogai Research Foundation Mao Zedong’s Red Guards Also Loved Gold Bars Mao, Chinese/ 29/04/2006 毛的卫兵爱金条 CCP History

01/05/2006 谁是公共资流失的首要 Who is the Ringleader of the Loss of Public Assets? Property How to Deal With “Institutional Original Sin” of Land 03/05/2006 如何对待权的“性原罪” Privatization by Rich and Powerful Families Privatization

May Fourth Tradition that Disregards Private Property Land 04/05/2006 无视权的统 – 胡例 Rights – Taking Hu Shih as an Example Privatization Muted Cultural Revolution Catastrophe is Another Chinese History th 禁言文革是另场 – 纪念文革爆发 Castastrophe – Remembering 40 Anniversary of Cultural

十周 06/05/2006 Revolution

Reading Hu Ping Makes Me Think of “Democracy Wall Democracy 06/05/2006 读胡想起“民墙” Generation” Reading Daughter of Ye Jianying, Recalling Cultural Book Review 07/05/2006 看剑英文革 Revolution

09/05/2006 涨听证就是法抢 (Taxi) Price-Rise Hearing is a Legal Robbery Meeting Rule of Law 14/05/2006 林对毛的背叛 Betrayal of Mao Zedong by Lin Biao (see 12/2003) Mao, History

14/05/2006 毛的统统 Mao Zedong’s Tradition and Anti-Tradition Chinese History 15/05/2006 文革来没结束 Cultural Revolution Has Never Ended Chinese History

Citizens’ Rights Defence is the Largest Positive Legacy Rights Defence, 15/05/2006 民间维权是六最大的面遗 of June Fourth June Fourth 15/05/2006 马英的民牌 Ma Ying-jeou’s Democracy Card Has a Vision Taiwan

16/05/2006 衷的谦卑向遇罗克意 – 纪念文革十周 Paying Respects to Yu Luoke with Heartfelt Humbleness Chinese History 84

th – Commemorating 40 Anniversary of Cultural Revolution 167 From Harsh Sentence of Yang Tianshui to Muted Chinese History 20/05/2006 杨水到禁言文革 Cultural Revolution

Sympathy of Critical Theory – Reading “The Dialectical Book Review, Imagination: A History of the Frankfurt School and the Philosophy (see 20/05/2006 批判理的悲悯 – 狱中读法兰克福学派 Institute of Social Research, 1923-1950” in Prison 20/11/1996) 168 21/05/2006 惠公益和来的朽 Immortality of Benefitting the Public and Future Media

It’s Too Dark: Murder is Not a Crime, Rights Defence is a Rights Defence 26/05/2006 黑了：杀人无罪 维权罪 Crime Protest Against Illegal Subpoena of Professor Sun Statement, 27/05/2006 抗济警方对文广教的非法 Wenguang by Jinan Police Police, Activist

27/05/2006 校园自杀手：教育部长周济 Killer of Academic Freedom: Education Minister Zhou Ji FoE Compensation Justice of June Fourth Commemorating June Fourth th – 29/05/2006 六的赔偿 – 六十七祭 17 Anniversary of June Fourth

Seeing Dificulties of Chinese Democratization through June Fourth, FR 02/06/2006 文革到六看中民的困境 the Cultural Revolution to June Fourth 03/06/2006 六 – 体中的根 June Fourth – A Needle in My Body June 4 Poem

04/06/2006 六夜 门广场 The Night of June Fourth: See You on Tiananmen Square June Fourth Lily in the Dark Night of June Fourth Commemorating June Fourth th – 04/06/2006 六暗夜中的花 – 六十七周祭 17 Anniversary of June Fourth (Poem)

06/06/2006 李健 晓等：请中府在全球金家 Li Jian, Liu Xiaobo, etc.: Calling Chinese Government to Statement?

167 Yang Tianshui is the pen name of Yang Tongyan (1961-), a Nanjing-based writer. For more details on his case, see: http://chrdnet.com/2011/07/prisoner-of-conscience-yang-tongyan/

168 Eulogy to Zhang Shengkai who passed away in on 14 May 2006. He was the founder of Democracy Forum (民) that started in 1998 in Taiwan and to which Liu Xiaobo became a reader and contributor.

85

调机尊民间权利和文明规 Respect Citizens’ Rights and Civilized Rules in the Country Coordination Mechanism of Global Fund 169 青楼中的真人性–狱中读陈恪柳如是别 True Human Nature in Brothel – Reading Chen Yinke Book Review, 09/06/2006 “An Unofficial Biography of Liu Rushi” in Prison Writer

Is There Anything Left Other than Police in CCP? – Police, CGC 除了警察 中共？– 抗山沂县警 Protest against the Detainment of Chen Guangcheng by case 12/06/2006 方拘陈光诚 Shandong Yinan County Police 14/06/2006 盲人维权英陈光诚 Chen Guangcheng, a Blind Hero of Rights Defence Weiquan

Light of Enlightenment Shows Path to Freedom – Philosophy, 启蒙光照亮自路–狱中读德甚是 Reading Kant’s “An Answer to the Question: What Is Kant, Book 19/06/2006 启蒙？ Enlightenment?” in Prison Review 170 Kidnapping of Liu Zhengyou Puts UN Human Rights Human Rights 22/06/2006 被绑架考验联人权理 Council to Test 171 Zhong Nanshan is More Mesmerizing than Zhang Truth/Lies 172 30/06/2006 比德江更具迷惑性的钟山 Dejiang

169 Chen Yinke (1890-1969) insisted that research should consist in "free thoughts” and a “spirit of independence." In 1995, a portrayal by Lu Jiandong of the suffering Chen endured during the last twenty years of his life was widely read. It made Chen something of an unusual icon who upheld personal morality and integrity by concentrating on preserving Chinese traditional values for later generations while turning away from Communist orthodoxy. For more details on his work, see Yeh, W. (2003) Historian and Courtesan: Chen Yinke and The Writing of Liu “ Rushi Biezhuan ; Liu Rushi (1618 1664) was a famous courtesan and poet of the late Ming dynasty. ” – 170 Liu Zhengyou (1952-) is a defender of land and housing rights who opposed government land confiscation and researched human rights violations including arbitrary detention and use of psychiatric institutions as detention centres. In June 2006, he was prevented from leaving China in order to attend human rights training in Geneva soon after supporting a protest by Shandong villagers who lost their land to developers without proper compensation. On 15 March 2006, the UN adopted a resolution establishing the Human Rights Council to replace the previous

Commission on Human Rights. 171 Zhong Nanshan (1936-) is a Chinese pulmonologist who discovered the SARS coronavirus in 2003.

172 (1946-) is a high-ranking official in the CPC. In November 2002, he was transferred to Guangdong as party secretary where the SARS crisis started. He initially responded to the outbreak by restricting the flow of information to the public about SARS and was accused in media of mishandling the situation while the Chinese government praised him. 86

Malpractices of Outlook on Development with Chinese Development 02/07/2006 中色的发展弊端 Characteristics Model

04/07/2006 人性恶自 Man’s Evil Nature and Free Constitutional Government History 04/07/2006 金日胡锦涛 Kim Jong-il Blackmails Hu Jintao DPRK

05/07/2006 比黑社更怕的权 Regime that is Scarier than Gangsters’ Underworld Regime Parading One’s Skills and Writing to Convey Truth – Book Review 08/07/2006 书袋子和文道–狱中读书随想 From Study Notes in Prison

10/07/2006 个人自在中的缺 Absence of Individual Freedom in Contemporary China Freedom From Legal Silencing to Evil-Law Muting – Evaluation FoE 禁封到恶法禁言– 突发对法 of Draft of “Emergency Response Law of the People's 16/07/2006 草案 Republic of China”

From Legal Silencing to Evil-Law Muting – Another FoE 禁封到恶法禁言–再突发对 Evaluation of Draft of “Emergency Response Law of the 16/07/2006 法草案 People's Republic of China” (See here) 17/07/2006 蛮的性割 Barbaric, Institutional Throat-Cutting FoE

Evil Law that Throttled Media – Evaluation of Draft of FoE (See law 扼死闻咙的恶法–突发对法草 “Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of here) 18/07/2006 案 China” Confucius Running for Positions and Whoring Intellectuals 173 Intellectuals – Reading the Travels of Confucius in 23/07/2006 孔子跑娼人文 – 狱中读孔子行迹 Prison

26/07/2006 “世纪中网站”行 Farewell to “Century China Website” Media 27/07/2006 恶法难扼死闻自 Evil Law Cannot Murder Media Freedom FoE

30/07/2006 断蜕中的中共 CCP Dictatorship in Constant Metamorphosis Dictatorship

173 娼 derogatory word referring to intellectuals as prostitutes not necessarily for sex but for pleasure in ancient China.

87

00/08/2006 “色搞”泛滥的中 China of “Sex and Lust” Epidemic Moral crisis

EN FR 02/08/2006 知子就世纪中网站被关的吁书 100 Intellectuals’ Appeal on Century China’s Shutdown Media - Russia’s Difficult Rebirth and China’s Corrupted Rich Sino-Russia, 03/08/2006 罗的沉生和中的腐朽权 and Powerful Corruption

Confucius’ Instructions without Weariness and Deletion Intellectuals, 04/08/2006 孔子的诲人倦和删诗 – 狱中读孔子行迹 of Poems – Reading the Travels of Confucius in Prison Book Review 07/08/2006 中共替真党？ Why Did CCP Help Hezbollah Shirk Its Reponsibilities? Sino-Palestine

Seeing Debates between Officialist and New Lefts from New Left 09/08/2006 自先看御用派和派争 Freedom as Priority Intellectuals Peace in Middle East and Elimination of “State within Israel, Palestine 10/08/2006 中和消除“中” State”

13/08/2006 向敌人学 – 苏格拉的爱 Learning from the Enemy – Socrates’ Patriotism Book Review 14/08/2006 革党到利益党 From Revolutionary Party and Interest Party Party

18/08/2006 山权的癫狂和流 Madness and Dirty Tricks of Shandong Officials Persecution 19/08/2006 晓等关于高智晟律师被捕的声明 Statement About the Arrest of Lawyer Gao Zhisheng Statement

Nouveau Riche Mentality of Chinese Rich and Powerful Influential 20/08/2006 中权的暴发户心态 Figures of Intellectuals and Tool of the Adventurists – Intellectuals, 174 知人的托邦和心家的具 – 狱中读 Reading “Russian Intellectuals and Spiritual Idolˮ in Russia, Book 20/08/2006 知人精偶像 Prison Review

Confucius Historiography and Chinese Naming Taboo Confucius, 23/08/2006 孔子编中的避统 Tradition Distort History My Response to Gao Han’s Call for Mainland Chinese ICPC 28/08/2006 回吁内“就”的高寒 “Resist When the Situation is Bad”

174 “Downfall of Idols” (1924) by the Russian philosopher Semyon Frank (1877-1950). 88

Complementary Relationship of Fallen Theory and Stability Theory 30/08/2006 崩溃稳定的补 Stability Theory 30/08/2006 邪恶无赖莫过于金家权 Kim Regime is Nothing But Evil and Scoundrel DPRK

02/09/2006 监党到秘书党 From Eunuch Party to Secretary Party Party system 175 Seeing China’s Lawful Corruption from Office Corruption 05/09/2006 处象看中的法腐 Phenomenon th Mao Zedong’s Totalitarian Corruption – Writing For 30 Mao, Chinese 毛的极权式腐 – 毛死十而 Anniversary since Mao’s Death History, 09/09/2006 作 Corruption Citizens’ Entertainment Pull a Prank on Red Classics Pop Culture 09/09/2006 民间娱乐恶搞色经典 Problem

15/09/2006 “痴员”恶搞中共 “Idiot Officials” Pull a Prank on CCP Officials 王朔式调到胡戈式恶搞 – 兼极权 From Wang Shuo's Scoff to Hu Ge's Prank – Citizen’s Humour, Civil 18/09/2006 的民间笑治 Political Humour in a Post-Totalitarian Dictatorship Society

Background to Hu Jintao Cartoon Incident/ Behind Hu Kuang Biao 20/09/2006 胡锦涛漫画的背 Jintao’s Cartoon Incident 176 Three-Manipulates Mayor and Idiot Minister Corruption 22/09/2006 玩长和痴部长

24/09/2006 权福利极 Welfare for the Privileged and Bipolarization Social Gap 25/09/2006 民间“恶搞”对方“搞” Citizens’ “Prank” VS Officials’ “Political Correctness” Civil Society

175 处 is a term for government offices representing other localities (e.g.: Shanghai offices in Xinjiang)

176 (玩 = 玩权玩钱玩人) 3 play-with: power, money, women

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177 178 27/09/2006 今日陈良 昨日陈希 Today , Yesterday Leaders? 10/2006 Liu Xiaobo Editor of Democratic China Seeing Officials’ Extorting Money from People through Corruption 06/10/2006 陈良案看权对民的掠 Chen Liangyu’s Case Incompetence of International Community Resulted in DPRK 09/10/2006 社的无能纵容朝鲜核爆 North Korean Nuclear Explosion

10/10/2006 金日激怒了胡锦涛 Kim Jong-il Infuriates Hu Jintao DPRK Smile of a Free Person When Facing Iron Bars – Prologue Book Review, 自人面对铁窗的微笑– 秦耕中第罪 for Qin Geng’s “First – Report of My Prologue 12/10/2006 – 在监狱的快乐生活纪作序 Happy Life in Prison” 179 Congwen’s Suicide and Mao-Style Violent Writer 14/10/2006 沈文自杀毛式暴力美学 Aesthetics 15/10/2006 掠活钱 Robbing Money from Ordinary People to Survive Corruption

“Anti-Corruption” of Hu and Jiang Shares the Same Corruption 15/10/2006 胡江“腐”脉相 Origin 15/10/2006 跛足改革的“” “Inferiorism” of Lame Reform Reform

From CCP Member to CCP Rebel – Grieving for Mr. Lin Eulogy 16/10/2006 中共党员到中共体的叛逆者 – 悼念林牧先 Mu180

177 Chen Liangyu (1946-) was the Shanghai Party Secretary from 2002 to his dismissal in September 2006 for corruption charges related to the misuse of Shanghai's social security fund. He was sentenced to 18 years in April 2008. 178 Chen Xitong (1930-2013) was mayor of Beijing (1983-1993) during the 1989 protests. In 1998, he was given a 16-year jail sentence on charges of corruption and dereliction of duty.

179 Shen Congwen (1902-1988) was an independent writer who was neither attracted by the Nationalist or Communist parties. However, during the anti-rightist campaign, he accused his student Xiao Qian 若萍 (1910-1999) who was later banished to the countryside as a rightist writer. Shen Congwen was supposed to win the 1988 Nobel Prize in Literature, but died shortly before it could be awarded to him.

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生 Liu Xiaobo, Hu Ping: Clearing up Beijing Prior to the Social “Clear- 00/11/2006 晓胡：京奥提前清场 Olympics up” (清理)

Self-adjustment of Rights Defense Against the Interest Rights Defence 15/11/2006 维权面对利益党的自调整 Party of CCP FR Walking at the Edge of Sword – Reading “Spirit of Book Review 16/11/2006 在刀锋行走 – 狱中读拉格精 Prague” in Prison

Human Rights Exhibition Exhibiting Official Authority Human Rights 20/11/2006 展示权的人权展 (EN) Contemporary Predicament of Chinese Liberalism Liberalism, 21/11/2006 中自的困境 (see 20/04/2007) Intellectuals

A Humble Rebel – Writing Prologue for “Homeless and Book Review, 181 28/11/2006 抗者的谦卑 – 格鲁沙诗文选作序 Happy” Prologue, Czech Shenzhen Police Pull Prank on Hu-Wen Central Police 08/12/2006 深圳警察恶搞胡温中央 Government

Behind the Rise of the Great Nations Media, History 17/12/2006 在大崛起的背 EN/FR th 19/12/2006 开结缘十 19 Year Since I Formed a Tie with “Open Magazine” Media

Year in Review: 'Close to People' Shows, Human Rights Human Rights 182 21/12/2006 回：亲民 人权 恶搞 Shows, Prank Shows

180 In February 2005, Lin Mu published an open letter to Xiao Yang, the Chief Justice of the Chinese Supreme Court, in which he cited how frequently since 1995 his home was searched and property confiscated and how he was interrogated by the public security bureaus in Xi'an and Hangzhou. He also mentions how he and his 72-year-old wife were abducted on 18 January 2005 and illegally detained for 14 days despite being a 77-year-old man. See reference here. 181 Written by Jiří Gruša (1938-2011), a Czech poet, novelist, translator, diplomat and politician who was the President of PEN International from 2004 to 2009.

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183 22/12/2006 洋浜相的十博士生吁 Pidgin and Servile Appeal of Ten Doctoral Students Call/Appeal

Hatchet Man of Mao Zedong and Scapegoat Kang Sheng Mao, Kang 184 27/12/2006 毛的打手和替罪羊生 Sheng 07/01/2007 毕索亵渎大林亡灵 Picasso Slighted Stalin’s Departed Soul Russia

08/01/2007 闻改革的效 Objective Effect of News Reform Show Media 大崛起：心态的复活大崛起是 The Rise of the Great Nations: Revival of Tianxia History, Media 15/01/2007 心态的复活 Mentality

Hu-Wen Regime Unable to Find Direction – Comparison Media, History 到方向的胡温权 – 比较大崛起 of “The Rise of the Great Nations” and “Prepare for Peril 16/01/2007 居思 in the Time of Peace” Instead of Talking about Democracy with High Profile, Democracy, 其高调说民 如调做民 – 象 Build Democracy with Low Profile My View of Yu Intellectual – 17/01/2007 感 Keping’s Phenomenon

Inherit Zhao Ziyang s Political Legacy Zhao Ziyang ’ nd – Commemorating the 2 Anniversary since the Death of 17/01/2007 继赵紫的治遗 – 赵紫去世周祭 Zhao Ziyang Long Xinmin and Wu Shulin: Enemy of Press Freedom Freedom of 20/01/2007 自敌的龙民和邬书林 Speech, Media

182 The “prank shows” Liu Xiaobo wrote about refers to a public shaming parade of 100 prostitutes organized by the Shenzhen police on 29 November 2006. For more details on how it triggered a public outcry, see Cody, E. (9 Dec. 2006) “Public Shaming of Prostitutes Misfires in China” in Washington Post available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- dyn/content/article/2006/12/08/AR2006120801480.html

183 Shortly before Christmas, ten doctoral students in humanities from elite universities such as Tsinghua, Peking and Renmin wrote an open letter complaining that Christmas is a Christian holiday imported from the West and asking theChinese public to stick to its own traditions and festivals. Liu critically reacted to their narrow nationalism. 184 Kang Sheng (1899-1975) was a Communist Party official who oversaw the work of security and intelligence apparatus at the height of the Cultural Revolution in the late 1960s. According to the June 2013 issue of Yanhuang Chunqiu, he gave the oral order to execute Wang Shiwei (1906-1947) in the name of the PolitBuro. 92

CCP’s State Administration of Radio, Film, and Media SARFT 23/01/2007 公然作恶的中共广电总 Television Doing Evil in Public Seeing “Septicemia” of CCP Legitimacy through Banned Media, Freedom 26/01/2007 禁书看中共的法性血症 Books of Press

06/02/2007 中社多元声音伸中共党内 Pluralistic Voices in Chinese Society Heard within CCP Tizhinei Seeing Spreading of Democracy through Yu Keping, Wu Intellectuals 06/02/2007 吴思军宁看普民 Si and Liu Junning

13/02/2007 中共寡头的衰 Decline of CCP Oligarchic Dictatorship Political System Police are on Duty in the Noises of Firecracker, A Hard Police 17/02/2007 爆竹声中警察岗，真苦 Job Indeed

禁中的治家赵紫 – 读凤鸣赵紫 Zhao Ziyang, a Politician Under House Arrest – Reading Zhao Ziyang, 禁中的谈 Zong Fengming’s “Zhao Ziyang: Captive Conversationsˮ Book Review 22/02/2007 Censored Books and Monopolized Publishing FoE, Zhang 185 25/02/2007 禁书垄断 Yihe

25/02/2007 紫路，刻容缓 (We) Must Return to Ziyang’s Road in No Time Zhao Ziyang 28/02/2007 赵紫的家庭 Family Meeting of Zhao Ziyang Zhao Ziyang

Looking at Wen Jiabao, Thinking of Zhao Ziyang Zhao Ziyang, 02/03/2007 看温家 想赵紫 Wen Jiabao Viciousness and Madness of Old Leftist Yu Quanyu Historiography 喻权的蛮和癫狂 186 06/03/2007

185 Zhang Yihe (1942-) is a Beijing-based writer who was sent (1968-1978) to a labor camp in after Red Guards found “counter-revolutionary” criticisms of Jiang Qing in her diary. In the post- Mao era, she became a specialist of Chinese traditional opera. Following her retirement in 2001, she started writing historical biographies of talented artists and intellectuals who strived to retain their humanity despite their persecution during and after the Anti-Rightist Movement. After the censorship of her best-selling 2004 book published in Hong Kong as The Last Nobles (最的族) and in mainland China as The past does not go up in smoke (如煙). It was dedicated to her father Zhang Bojun (1895-1969), an intellectual member of the China Democratic League (中民盟) who was labelled “top rightist” without being rehabilitated, she wrote an open letter to defend the constitutional right to freedom of expression against state censorship. She still publishes stories on women she encountered in the labor camp as well as commentaries about the persistent negative legacy of the Maoist past. In 2010, she also published with He Weifang a collection of essays entitled Piano Four-Hands (手联).

93

和社公 – 感于派对 Protect Private Property and Social Justice – Thoughts on Property Rights New and Old Leftists Opposition to Property Rights Law 10/03/2007 物权法 Wen Jiabao Avoids Zhao Ziyang, Manuscripts of Press Zhao Ziyang, 16/03/2007 温家回避赵紫 者文稿被删 Conference Deleted Wen Jiabao

Political Struggles Behind Debaters of Property Rights Property Rights 18/03/2007 物权法争者背的治较 Law 20/03/2007 对人的道德杀 Dictatorship Is Premeditated Murder of Human Morality Dictatorship 187 Incumbent CCP Official Dong Degang Challenges Constitution 31/03/2007 中共任员董德挑战党胡锦涛 Party Leader Hu Jintao Liu Xiaobo, Liao Yiwu, Zhao Dagong: Please Support Media, Taiwan 晓,廖,赵： 请支持民 – “Democracy Forum” – To Taiwan Foundation for 188 07/04/2007 湾民金 Democracy

State Ownership of Land is the Authorities’ Magic Wand State-ownership 07/04/2007 土地是迁的尚方剑 for Forced Eviction of Land EN/FR 09/04/2007 物权法对民权扩的意 Significance of “Property Rights Law” to Expansion of Property Rights

186 Yu Quanyu (1935-2010) was known as an outspoken old leftist opposing press freedom. In the 1980s, he opposed the efforts by Hu Jiwei, Sun Xupei and others to create a press law protecting freedom of speech. In 1996, he participated in the bestseller China Can Say No. He also served as vice president of the government-run Chinese Association for Human Rights. In 2007, during Congress, he drew much criticism by making a proposal as a Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference member to draft a law (治汉奸言法) criminalizing the seditious speech of hanjian 汉奸 (traitor to China/the Han) targeting - without naming - reinterpretations of historians like Yuan Weishi as “treasonous opinions” reversing the official version on the Opium Wars and the Eight Powers Allied Army. In this article Liu Xiaobo mentions the “New History Movement” (学) by historians such as Yuan Weishi, Gao Hua, Shen Zhihua, Yang Kuisong, Lei Yi.

187 The scholar Dong Degang (董德) wrote in the March issue of the official magazine Scientific Socialism (科学社) that a number of cadres “including high-level officials and old comrades” were wary of attempts to modify the party’s constitution at each CCP plenary session, and urged a cautious approach to adding President Hu’s theories to the document. He argued that making amendments every four or five years showed insuffient respect for the party constitution. For more details, see here.

188 The Taiwan Foundation for Democracy was established in June 2003 as a non-partisan, non-profit organisation based in Taipei whose mandate is democracy promotion. It is the equivalent of the National Endowment for Democracy in the US, the Westminster Foundation for Democracy in the UK and the European Endowment for Democracy. 94

Citizens’ Rights th 11/04/2007 王小去世十周而作 Upon 10 Anniversary Since the Death of Wang Xiaobo Writer 14/04/2007 温家“融冰”仅是表象 Wen Jiabao “Melting Ice” is Merely an Appearance Wen Jiabao

20/04/2007 中自的困境 Contemporary Predicament of Chinese Liberalism 21/11/2006 23/04/2007 利 – 极权帝的结者 Boris Yeltsin – Terminator of Totalitarian Empire Russia

02/05/2007 治奥在京 Political Olympics in Beijing Sports, Politics 02/05/2007 马英能在战手中 Ma Ying-jeou Might Lose by Lien Chan Taiwan 被扼杀的生 – 感于大警察开枪杀死 Lives Throttled Twice – Thoughts on Dalian Police Police 个民 Shooting Three Civilians to Death 04/05/2007 11/05/2007 无到全民炒股 From Penniless to Mass Speculation in Stocks Economics

Seeing the Madness of Chinese through Mass Speculation Economic in Stocks Policy, Social 15/05/2007 全民炒股看中人的癫狂 Behavior Recommending “In Search of the Victims of June Fourth” June Fourth, 189 向马力先生荐六难者– 六十 to Mr. Ma Lik Commemorating the 18th Anniversary Hong Kong – 16/05/2007 八周祭 of June Fourth

Farce of Respecting Confucius in the Illusory Prosperous Confucius, Days Prosperous 18/05/2007 虚幻盛世的尊孔闹剧 Days Demands and Transitional Justice of Tiananmen Mothers Tiananmen 门母亲的求转型 – “六”十八 – Commemorating the 18th Anniversary of June Fourth Mothers, June 21/05/2007 祭 4th

22/05/2007 晓说：饲料毒死美物 中大少知 Liu Xiaobo Speaks: Fodder Poisoned American Pets, Interview Liu

189 Ma Lik 馬力 (1952 - 08/2007) was a Legislative Councillor and since 2003 the Chairman of the Democratic Alliance for Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB), a pro-Beijing political party in Hong Kong. On 15 May 2007, his denial that June Fourth was a "massacre" caused a huge furore by making headlines in Hong Kong media. Democrats and relatives of June Fourth victims responded to his comments, including 127 Tiananmen Mothers led by Ding Zilin who demanded him to retract his denial and publicly apologize.

95

Chinese People Hardly Know Xiaobo VOA Officials’ “Blatant Extortion” and Guangxi Birth Control Birth Policy 24/05/2007 权“明抢”广西生风暴 Crisis

Historical Truth and Rectification of June Fourth – June Fourth 31/05/2007 真相六 – 六 18 周祭 Commemorating the 18th Anniversary of June Fourth Departed Spirits of that Spring – Commemorating the June Fourth 02/06/2007 那个春的亡灵 – 六十八周祭 18th Anniversary of June Fourth

On June Third, Ding Zilin, Jiang Peikun and Xu Jue Tiananmen 190 6 3 日晚子霖和徐珏士前木樨地 Mothers, Conducted Memorial in Muxidi for Departed Spirits of 04/06/2007 祭奠爱子亡灵 their Beloved Children Children The Significance of Wang Shuo Challenging Corruption Corruption, 13/06/2007 王朔挑战电视剧查腐的意 in the Investigation of TV Drama Writer, Media

Don’t Tell Me the “Black Brick Kiln Child Slavery Brick Kiln 15/06/2007 别跟说“黑窑童”惊了胡温！ Incidentˮ Has Disturbed Hu and Wen! Don’t Tell Me the “Black Brick Kiln Child Slavery Brick Kiln 17/06/2007 别跟说“黑窑童”惊了高 Incidentˮ Has Disturbed Hu and Wen

“Kiln Slaveryˮ Reveals the Cold Blood of Dictatorship Brick Kiln 18/06/2007 “窑”凸显的冷血争鸣原 (Zhengming) “黑窑童”凸显的失职和冷血博 The “Black Brick Kiln Child Slavery Incidentˮ Reveals Brick Kiln

the Negligence and Cold Blood of Dictatorship (Boxun) 18/06/2007 How I See Hong Kong Ten Years after Returning to Hong Kong 18/06/2007 看回十的香港 China 20/06/2007 广西博生风暴源 The Origin of Birth Control Crisis in Bobai, Guangxi Birth policy

Seeking Accountability from Hu-Wen Central Brick Kiln 22/06/2007 就“黑窑童”向胡温中央 Government for “Black Brick Kiln Child Slavery

190 A train station in Beijing very close to Tiananmen Square. 96

Incident” My Statement: I Have Seen Shameless Plagiarists, But Plagiarized 的声明：过抄袭者的无耻，但没过 Not as Shameless as This One! article on Brick

无耻的！ 26/06/2007 Kiln

CCP’s National People’s Congress Takes No Effective Brick Kiln 01/07/2007 中共人大对黑窑案的无作 Measure on the Black Brick Kiln Child Slavery Incident 04/07/2007 普京渐露“克格勃”真面 Putin Slowly Revealing the Real Face of “KGB” Russia

Hu-Wen “Impractical Measures for Showsˮ and Civil Civil Society 14/07/2007 胡温的花拳绣和民间的力 Society’s Earnest Efforts The Sage Confucius and Stray Dog – Seeing through Confucius 16/07/2007 孔圣人家狗 – 视中的孔子争 Current Dispute(s) Over Confucius

Further Questions about Child Slavery in China’s Kilns Brick Kiln 16/07/2007 对黑窑童案的继续追 EN/FR The Long-Banned Zhao Ziyang’s Photos in Mainland Media, Zhao 18/07/2007 大媒体久的赵紫照 Media Ziyang

21/07/2007 今日中毛派的处境 Situation of Today’s Chinese Maoists Mao 191 25/07/2007 看茅于的“富人说” How I See Mao Yushi’s “Speaking for the Wealthy” Intellectual th Seeing17 CPC National Congress through the New Congress, 31/07/2007 中共看十七大 Feature of CCP Dictatorship System Ding Zilin, Liu Xiaobo, etc.: “One World, One Dream”: Human Rights 子霖晓等：“个世界，个梦

Equal Human Rights – Our Call and Suggestions for the Call, 想”：样的人权 – 们对京奥的吁和

Beijing Olympics (EN) Suggestions 07/08/2007 建

Thoughts on Famous Writer Hu Fayun Supporting the Writer? 07/08/2007 感于著作家胡发支持十人建书 Letter of Proposal by 40 People

191 Mao Yushi “Speaking for the Wealthy, Handling Affairs for the Poor” (富人说，人)

97

How I See the Rupture Between Xue Yong and Southern Media 12/08/2007 看薛涌方都的决 Metropolis Daily (25/07/2007)

苹果日晓：个梦想没样的人 Exclusive Interview with Liu Xiaobo by : Human Rights One Dream, But Not the Same Kind of Human Rights 16/08/2007 权 Hu-Wen Regime’s Ideological Anxiety? Leaders, 17/08/2007 胡温权的意形态焦虑 Ideology, FR

昨日家狗 今日看门狗 – 视中的“孔 Yesterday’s Stray Dog Becomes Today's Guard Dog – Book Review Seeing Through the Current “Confucius Fever” in China EN 18/08/2007 子热” 20/08/2007 治奥，腐奥！ Political Olympics, Corrupt Olympics! Olympics

Ding Zilin, Liu Xiaobo: Explanations on the Use of Prize Australian Prize 子霖 晓：关于“人性光辉奖”和“良知勇 Money of the “Casper Award” and “Courage of 31/08/2007 气奖”奖金使用的说明 Conscience Award” Lesson Learnt from the Mistakes of Berlin Olympics History, 31/08/2007 柏林奥的前车鉴 Germany

Courage Doesn’t Necessarily Represent Conscience – Award 04/09/2007 勇气并然表良知–获奖感言 Acceptance Speech Upon Receiving the Award Statement 07/09/2007 毛仰望大林的媚态 Coquetry in Mao Zedong’s Fawning Over Stalin Mao, Russia

How I See the Anger of , the Former Chief Intellectual 10/09/2007 看读书前编汪晖的愤怒 Editor of “Dushu” 20/09/2007 被民族狼奶毒的中愤青 Chinese Angry Youth Poisoned By Wolf Milk 2007 FIFA Cup th Moral Purification Campaign Prior to 17 CPC National Congress 22/09/2007 十七大前的道德净 Congress 28/09/2007 面对“袈裟革”的中共权 CCP Regime in the Face of “Monks’ Revolution” Burma 192 Nietzsche’s Talent and Arrogance – Reading “The Life of Book Review 00/10/2007 采的狂妄 – 狱中读采 ” in Prison

192 Halévy, D. (1909) La Vie de Frédéric Nietzsche. 98

Exploding Nouveau Riche China Doesn’t Have Anything Nouveau Riche 01/10/2007 爆发户中然无 Yet

Responsibility and Ethics Sublimates Courage – Writing Book Review 任伦理勇气–思先生八 For “Collection Works of Mr. Celebrating th 193 09/10/2007 十周暨执业十周庆文而作 His 80 Birthday and 50 Years of Work” th 17 CPC National Congress and Decline of Party Congress, Hu’s 十七大党权威的衰落 – 中共十七大胡锦 Leader’s Authority – Evaluating Hu Jintao’s Report in Report th 22/10/2007 涛告 17 CPC National Congress

Seeing CCP Successors’ Mechanism Through the Leaders, Xi-Li 23/10/2007 李克的跃看中共接班人机 Promotion of and Why Does Free World Urge Autocratic CCP to Intervene Dictatorship, 25/10/2007 自世界敦中共预缅甸 in Burma? Burma

About PEN’s Opposition – Refuting Guo Luoji’s Defense PEN, Response 07/11/2007 关于笔的对派 – 郭罗高寒的辩 for Gao Han Unfinished Englightement, Enduring Spirit of Freedom – Eulogy 18/11/2007 启蒙业，留自 – 祭奠包遵信先生 Memorial Ceremony for Mr. Bao Zunxin

I Despise This Big Brother Regime System, Bao 24/11/2007 蔑视个大权 Zunxin 25/11/2007 包包，们爱你！– 包遵信先生行 Baobao, We love you! – Seeing Mr. Bao Zunxin Off Eulogy

Scholar’s Commentary: Dictatorial CCP’s Nimble Dictatorship 29/11/2007 学者：中共对自西方的灵活对 Response to Free West 理性的荒谬其杀人 – 狱中读思妥耶 Absurdity of Reason and Its Murder – Re-reading Book Review 03/12/2007 Dostoevsky in Prison

05/12/2007 另种更深沉的父情 – 读诒和长江， Another Profound Love of Father and Daughter – Book Review

193 Published in Beijing in January 2007, the book was written by Su Guodong (栋). For another biography of Zhang Sizhi, see Bout, J. (2013) Les confessions de maître Zhang. Paris: Nouvelles

éditions François Bourin.

99

水流残 Reading Zhang Yihe’s “Along the , Water Flows 194 from Waning Moon” Re-education Through Labor: An Evil Law That Should Statement, RTL Have Long Been Repealed – Firmly Support Citizens’ 劳教，早该被废除的恶法 – 决支持茅于 Proposal to Abolish RTL System by Mao Yushi, He

06/12/2007 卫方等人废劳教的公民建 Weifang, etc.

Liu Xiaobo Speaks: Right Awareness of Civil Society is Civil Society Awakening – Famous Writer Liu Xiaobo Talks about 晓谈： 民间权利意在觉醒 – 著作家 Current Development of China’s Independent Civil 18/12/2007 晓谈中立民间社前的发展 Society 19/12/2007 中农民的土地言 Land Declaration of Chinese Farmers Farmers, Land

Why Did Mao Zedong Launch Hundred Flowers Mao, History, 195 21/12/2007 毛发鸣和整风 Campaign and Rectification Campaign Shen Zhihua 21/12/2007 诒和笔的罗争 Zhang-Luo Struggles Penned by Zhang Yihe Call 196 余杰 王光：再吁奥前迁移毛遗 Yu Jie, Wang Guangze : Another Call to Remove the Mao 体 Remains of Mao Zedong Prior to the Olympics 26/12/2007 03/01/2008 面对权力暴虐的跪 Kneeling in Front of Brutal Power Zhang Yihe 197 Professor Yang Fan Makes an Argument using State Left 12/01/2008 杨帆教又拿家全说儿了 Security Again

194 No officially translated title.

195 Shen Zhihua (1950-) is Director of the Center for Cold War International History Studies at Normal University in Shanghai. His research stands out for being more evidence- based and critical than the works of Party historians. Liu Xiaobo refers to his work entitled “Reflections and choices: The consciousness of intellectuals and the anit-rightist campaign (1956- 1957).” 196 st Wang Guangze (1972-) was a journalist for the 21 Century Economic Report in Guangdong who was dismissed after he gave a speech in the U.S. on the possible evolution Chinese politics in the Internet era in November 2004. 100

Zhao Ziyang’s Departed Souls: No Mourning but Less Ziyang 17/01/2008 赵紫亡灵：准悼念和禁 Control

21/01/2008 龄线黔 Age Limit and Running Out of Tricks 6/4, Ziyang 27/01/2008 奥，中共的最大面子 The Olympics Gave the Biggest Face to CCP Olympics

01/02/2008 “好总理” Bad System and “Good Premier” Leaders, System Essence of Close to People of CCP Incumbent Regime Leaders, Snow “ ” 02/02/2008 中共权“亲民”的质 Storm, RFA

Populism is a Breeding Ground for Dictatorship Populism, 02/02/2008 民粹是的温床 Dictatorship 198 08/02/2008 奥喻峰获释 The Olympics Year and the Release of Yu Huafeng Olympics, Case

Monopolizing “Disaster Relief” Is Precisely the Disaster Dictatorship 13/02/2008 垄断“救灾” 是灾 of Dictatorship Liu Xiaobo, etc., People Inside and Outside China Send a Farmers, 晓胡等海内人士函“”：立即

Letter to ‘Lianghui’: Immediate Abolition of Dual System 废除城户籍元，“农民” of Urban-Rural Registration, Make Nongmingong ‘ ’ 15/02/2008 词 History

Imprisoning People for Words and the Power of Public Freedom of Opinion Expression, 19/02/2008 文狱民间舆救济 EN/FR 01/03/2008 胡温又场“治改革” Another “Political Reform Show” of Hu-Wen Leaders, Reform

197 Yang Fan (1951-) is a Professor fo Economics at China University of Political Science and Law who, in January 2008, scuffled and verbally abused one of his female students while almost half of the students had skipped his class. He then claimed that this incident had risen to the level of the university's reputation and even national security. This case took place against the backdrop of a larger “ ” “ ” discussion about the worsening ethics of relationships between teachers and students. In late 2008, he was also accused of plagiarism and briefly suspended but later regained his earlier position.

198 Yu Huafeng (1968-) was a senior Editor at the Southern Metropolis Daily (Nanfang Group) who was sentenced to 12 years in jail in March 2004 on trumped-up charges in retaliation to a report he published in December 2003 that revealed a SARS case that had been covered up by the authorities. He was released after 4 years in prison.

101

Will Ma Ying-jeou Still Dare to Play Democracy Card Sino-Taiwan 02/03/2008 选的马英敢向中共打民牌吗？ against CCP after Winning Election? 03/03/2008 胡温权的画饼民 Pie-in-the-Sky Democracy of Hu-Wen Regime Democracy

Insanity of the Dark Power – Thoughts on the Abduction Police, Weiquan 199 08/03/2008 黑暗权力的颠狂 – 感于被绑架 of The Tibet Crisis is the Failure of Materialistic Tibet Policy 28/03/2008 西藏机是唯物的失 Dictatorship 200 Illusion of Zhang Bojun and Conspiracy of Mao Mao, Zedong Intellectual, 30/03/2008 伯的幻觉毛的 History So Long as Han People Have No Freedom, Tibetans Will Tibet EN/FR 01/04/2008 汉人无自，藏人无自治 Have No Autonomy 201 02/04/2008 迎风而立的王千源 Wang Qianyuan Standing Against the Wind Nationalism 02/04/2008 于爱颠狂的另种民意 A Public Opinion Differing from Nationalistic Insanity Nationalism

How I See CCP Opening Up for Negotiation Tibet 02/04/2008 看中共开启谈判大门 The National Flag Has Been Lowered Today. When Will June Fourth 01/05/2008 今旗，哪旗再 It Be Lowered Again?

199 Teng Biao (1973-) is a human rights lawyer who was abducted by Beijing Public Security agents on 7 March 2008 and detained for 2 days. He was also arrested from February to April 2011 after participating in Chen Guangcheng’s case.

200 Zhang Bojun (1895-1969) was a Chinese official and intellectual. During the Anti-Rightist Campaign in 1957, he was labeled “top of the five big rightists” (大派) whose daughter is Zhang Yihe (see footnote p. 74).

201 Wang Qianyuan (1988-) aka Grace Wang is a student from Qingdao. In April 2008, while the Beijing Olympic torch was being carried through the USA, a protest took place at Duke University (USA) where she tried to encourage pro-Tibetan and pro-Chinese demonstrators to enter into a dialogue. As a result, she was demonized and quickly labeled a “traitor” by Chinese netizens, who then persecuted her family through what is known as a “human flesh search engine” (人肉搜索) to identify her parents’ apartment and harass them through online and offline attacks. For more details, see: Chinese Student in U.S. Is Caught in Confrontation (17 April 2008). 102

02/05/2008 写给王元先生的在灵 Writing for Mr. Wang Yuanhua’s Departed Spirit Eulogy “抵家乐福”大网络的禁 – 写于世界 “Boycot Carrefour” Turning into a Taboo on the Media, Freedom 03/05/2008 闻自日 Mainland Internet – Written on World Press Freedom Day of Expression

Light of Civil Society in the Great Earthquake Civil Society, 14/05/2008 大地震中的民间光 Wenchuan 孩子 • 母亲 • 春 – “门母亲”网站开通 Children • Mothers • Spring – Poem Dedicated to the Tiananmen

00/05/2008 而作 Opening of “Tiananmen Mothers” Website Mothers (Poem)

Accountability in Civil Society VS Giving Undeserved Civil Society, 01/06/2008 民间 VS 权的歌颂德 Praises by Officials Leaders 01/06/2008 改革时的启蒙 – 西民墙例 Xidan Democracy Wall and China’s Enlightenment History 202 Yu Qiuyu – “Heroic Slave” Specially Glaring at Children Yu Qiuyu 02/06/2008 余秋雨 – 向孩子们瞪眼的“英” Earthquake Han Han’s Evaluation of the “Master” is Already Quite Writer, Chen 203 Courteous Danqing Ba 02/06/2008 韩寒“大师”经很气了 Jin

From Weeds to Wasteland – Thank-you Speech for Award 草到荒原 – “2008 汉语献奖”答 “Contribution Award of Contemporary Chinese in statement 204 03/06/2008 辞 2008”

202 Yu Qiuyu is a writer (1946-) who became the youngest art and literature professor in mainland China in 1985 and later the head of Shanghai Theater Academy. In late 1999, Yu Jie published "Yu Qiuyu, why don't you confess?" criticizing him for not reflecting on the time he was a senior propagandist during the Cultural Revolution. On 5 June 2008, he published "tearful appeal" asking parents of the victims not to be “tools for the West” and not to protest while they were forcibly prevented from mourning and denied legal recourse by courts. He also made a false donation to the victims. See Yu

Qiuyu’s Wikipedia page in Chinese. Liu Xiaobo sees “crocodile tears” in his appeal.

203 This article is about a 2008 interview between Han Han and Chen Danqing available in Chinese here. Chen Danqing (1953-) is a literary critic and painter (famous for his paintings of ) who admired Han Han (1982-) in 2011 as “the best example of post post-totalitarian writing.” 204 This award was set up by the Beijing Institute of Contemporary . “Weeds” refers to Lu Xun and compares China to the “Wasteland” of T.S. Eliot. See 09/12/2010 article of The Telegraph.

103

Turning Even a Rescue Dog into a Hero Wenchuan 23/06/2008 搜救犬英 Earthquake

Lesson Learnt from Weng’an Incident Weng’an 30/06/2008 “瓮”的启示 Incident 02/07/2008 杜斌案 – 湖警方的卑劣 Du Daobin’s Case – Vileness of Hubei Police Du Daobin 205 Shanghai Police Must Not Misappropriate the Truth of Yang Jia 12/07/2008 海警方能杨佳案的真相 Yang Jia's Case Incident Regime’s Legitimacy Crisis Exposed By Weng’an Mass Weng’an 16/07/2008 瓮民凸显的权法性机 Uprising Incident

18/07/2008 ，言！ Unchanging Dictatorship, Incessant Rumor! Media Control Yang Jia’s Case – Shanghai Political-Legal Committee Yang Jia 206 Secretary Wu Zhiming Can Hardly Absolve Himself of Incident 22/07/2008 杨佳案 – 海法书吴志明难辞其咎 Blame

Violent Governance by Officials and the Violent Revenge Yang Jia 25/07/2008 权的暴力统治杨佳的暴力复仇 of Yang Jia 00/07/2008 杀手大侠 When a Murderer Becomes a Noble Warrior Yang Jia

00/07/2008 爱情思想治 Love, Thought and Politics (see 05/09/1999) Philosophy 08/08/2008 奥前的治恐怖 Political Terror Prior to the Olympics Repression

Opening Ceremony – Quintessential Version of Olympics 09/08/2008 开幕式 – 美学的精 Autocratic Aesthetics Politics Yang Jia-Style Violent Revenge is a Mere “Primitive Yang Jia 21/08/2008 杨佳式暴力复仇仅仅是“原始” Justice”

205 Yang Jia (1980-2008) was a Chinese citizen executed in November 2008 for murdering six Shanghai police officers with a knife after suing them for maltreatment to no avail following his arrest in October 2007 for riding an unlicensed bicycle. 206 Wu Zhiming (1952-) is the Secretary of Shanghai CPC Municipal Political and Law Committee 104

207 24/08/2008 作体育盛的京奥 Beijing Olympics As a Grand Sports Event Liu Xiang 25/08/2008 金牌崇民族 Worshipping of Gold Medals and Autocratic Nationalism Dictatorship

An Oak Tree Facing the Cold Wind from Siberia – Book Review 迎着西伯利寒风而立的橡树 – 悼念极权的 Grieving for Anti-Totalitarian Great Thinker, 208 00/08/2008 大思想者索尔琴 Solzhenitsyn 13/09/2008 中共权的暴发户心态 Nouveau Riche Mentality of China’s Rich and Powerful Leaders

13/09/2008 超始于恐 Transcendence Begins With Fear Philosophy Gold Syndrome of CCP’s Strategy for the System 18/09/2008 中共奥战略的金牌综症 Olympics

“Kidney Stone Babies” Died of System’s Cancer Milk Incident, 20/09/2008 “结石儿”死于癌 System CCP Propaganda Department is Also a Ringleader of Media, Milk 24/09/2008 中部是毒奶粉泛滥的罪 Poisoned Milk Powder Epidemic Incident

Touched behind Iron Bars: Reading “On Being a Book Review 00/09/2008 铁窗中的感 – 狱中读督徒 Christian” in Prison 05/10/2008 温家的道德狂妄 Moral Presumptuousness of Wen Jiabao Leaders

Yang Jia’s Case Exposes the Bubble of Confidence in the Incident 13/10/2008 杨佳案破奥自信沫 (BBC) Olympics Era in which Those who Suck Blood and Those who Lose Social and 16/10/2008 嗜血和失血并的时 Blood Coexist media problems

24/10/2008 “民敌”然逼“仇” “Seeing People as Enemy” Inevitably Compels People to Yang Jia

207 Liu Xiang (1983-) is a 110 meter hurdler who won an Olympic Gold medal in 2004. He had to withdraw from competition at the Beijing Olympics after an aggravation to a previously unrevealed injury.

208 Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1918-2008) was a Russian novelist and critic of Soviet totalitarianism who raised global awareness of the gulag through his novels and history books and for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1970. He was expelled from the Soviet Union in 1974 but returned to Russia in 1994. In 2006, he was awarded the State Prize of the Russian Federation for his humanitarian work by the President Vladimir Putin whom he admired for his attempts to restore a sense of national pride in Russia.

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“Revenge on Officials” Incident How Mao Killed People Reading Yang Jisheng s Mao, History, 209 – ’ 21/11/2008 毛如何杀人 – 读杨继绳的墓碑 “Tombstone” Book Review

06/12/2008 Video interview RFA 09/12/2008 零八 Charter 08

2009 大沈沦 – 写给中的备忘录 Falling of A Great Power – Memorandum to China Book (Taiwan) 23/12/2009 的自辩 My Self-Defense

23/12/2009 没敌人 – 的最陈述 I Have No Enemies – My Final Statement 15/02/2010 无罪 “I am Innocent” Appeal

2012 念念六 June Fourth Elegies Book 11/12/2014 Message to Liao Yiwu Link in 05/07/2017 Chinese Last letter to Liu Xia

209 Yang Jisheng (1940-) is a Chinese journalist who worked at Xinhua News Agency until his retirement in 2001. As of 2008, he was the deputy editor of the journal Yanhuang Chunqiu. After the 1989 massacre destroyed his loyalty to the Party, he began in the early 1990s to interview people and collect records of The Great Famine of 1959–1961 during the . It resulted in the publication of a book entitled Tombstone first published in Hong Kong in 2008 and banned in mainland China.