DOCSLIB.ORG

Canada Science Retreat Report 2017

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Canada Science Retreat Report 2017 United States – Canada Science Retreat Report 2017 December 6-7 Vancouver Airport Marriott, Richmond, BC Salish Sea Marine Survival Project United States – Canada 2017 Science Retreat Report Attendees United States Canada Andrea Carey ([email protected]) Brett Johnson ([email protected]) Barry Berejikian ([email protected]) Brian Hunt ([email protected]) Ben Nelson ([email protected]) Brian Riddell ([email protected]) Beth Curry ([email protected]) Chrys Neville ([email protected]) Brian Beckman ([email protected]) Dick Beamish ([email protected]) Chris Harvey ([email protected]) Elise Olson ([email protected]) Christopher Krembs ([email protected]) Emiliano DiCicco (emiliano.dicicco@dfo- mpo.gc.ca) Dave Beauchamp ([email protected]) Erin Rechisky ([email protected]) Eric Ward ([email protected]) Francis Juanes ([email protected]) Evelyn Brown ([email protected]) Greig Oldford ([email protected]) Hem Morzaria Ian Forster ([email protected]) ([email protected]) Iris Kemp ([email protected]) Ian Perry ([email protected]) James Losee ([email protected]) Isobel Pearsall ([email protected]) Jed Moore ([email protected]) Karia Kaukinen ([email protected]) Jenny Eccles ([email protected]) Karyn Suchy ([email protected]) Joe Anderson ([email protected]) Kelly Young ([email protected]) Josh Chamberlin ([email protected]) Kevin Pellett ([email protected]) Kathryn Sobocinski Maycira Costa ([email protected]) ([email protected]) Ken Warheit ([email protected]) Nathan Furey ([email protected]) Lance Campbell ([email protected]) Nina Nemcek ([email protected]) Megan Moore ([email protected]) Scott Hinch ([email protected]) Michael Schmidt ([email protected]) Sophie Johannessen (sophia.johannessen@dfo- mpo-gc.ca) Mike Crewson ([email protected]) Sue Grant ([email protected]) Neala Kendall ([email protected]) Susan Allen ([email protected]) Parker MacCready ([email protected]) Svetlana Esenkulova ([email protected]) Paul Hershberger ([email protected]) Tamara Brown ([email protected]) Sandie O’Neill ([email protected]) Vijay Kumar ([email protected]) Scott Pearson ([email protected]) Villy Christensen ([email protected]) Steve Jeffries ([email protected]) Will Duguid ([email protected]) Susan O’Neil ([email protected]) Todd Sandell ([email protected]) 2 Salish Sea Marine Survival Project United States – Canada 2017 Science Retreat Report Table of Contents Summary ............................................................................................................................... 5 Wednesday, Dec. 6: Research Updates .................................................................................. 8 Ecosystem Modeling and Indicators Updates ........................................................................................... 8 Ecosystem indicator development (Kathryn Sobocinski) ...................................................................... 8 Puget Sound Atlantis ecosystem modeling: progress and gaps (Hem Morzaria) ................................. 8 Evaluating relative impact of long-term environmental, food web, and human impact on salmon productivity in the Salish Sea (Villy Christensen) .................................................................................. 9 From Physical Conditions to Plankton .................................................................................................... 10 Modelling 2014-2017 lower trophic level ecosystem dynamics in the Salish Sea: challenges and successes (Susan Allen) ....................................................................................................................... 10 Recent physical conditions and implication for water quality and biological conditions in Puget Sound (Christopher Krembs) ............................................................................................................... 10 Flash update: new study to explore bottom-up processes related to salmon growth and survival (Beth Curry) ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Environmental drivers and spatiotemporal patterns of satellite-derived chlorophyll-a in the Strait of Georgia from 2003-2016 (Karyn Suchy & Maycira Costa) .................................................................. 12 Structure and function of the plankton food webs supporting juvenile salmon in the Salish Sea (Brian Hunt) ................................................................................................................................................... 13 Modelling the impact of riverine turbidity on phytoplankton growth in the Strait of Georgia (Elise Olson) .................................................................................................................................................. 14 Phytoplankton dynamics and temporal/spatial harmful algae distribution in the Strait of Georgia 2015-2017 (Svetlana Esenkulova) ....................................................................................................... 14 Reconstructing historical patterns of primary production in Puget Sound using growth increment data from shells of long-lived geoducks (Panopea generosa) (Jenny Eccles) ..................................... 15 Zooplankton status and trends in the Southern Salish Sea (Iris Kemp, on behalf of Julie Keister) ..... 15 Zooplankton status and trends in the Strait of Georgia, Canada: responding to SSMSP hypotheses (Ian Perry) ........................................................................................................................................... 16 Forage Fish .............................................................................................................................................. 17 Juvenile Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia (Chrys Neville, on behalf of Jennifer Boldt) ...................................................................................................................... 17 A snapshot of the pelagic fish community of Puget Sound: results from the 2016-17 acoustic midwater trawl survey (Todd Sandell) ................................................................................................ 18 Northern anchovy in the Salish Sea (Will Duguid) .............................................................................. 18 Salmon Growth and Survival ................................................................................................................... 20 Update: juvenile life history strategies in returning adult Chinook salmon from the Salish Sea basin (Lance Campbell) ................................................................................................................................. 20 The journey of a juvenile salmon over their first marine summer – what can they tell us? (Chrys Neville) ................................................................................................................................................ 20 The Hakai Juvenile Salmon Observing Program: 2015-2017 (Brian Hunt) ......................................... 22 3 Salish Sea Marine Survival Project United States – Canada 2017 Science Retreat Report An overview of processes affecting critical growth and marine survival of Puget Sound Chinook (Dave Beauchamp) .............................................................................................................................. 23 Thursday, Dec. 7: Research Updates, Synthesis ................................................................... 24 PIT Tagging and Acoustic Telemetry to Assess Salmon Behavior, Survival, and Interactions with the Surrounding Environment ....................................................................................................................... 24 Survival of juvenile Cowichan River Chinook throughout their first year of life – a summary of PIT tag returns through fall 2017 (Kevin Pellett) ............................................................................................. 24 Survival and behavior of acoustic tagged sockeye and steelhead smolts in coastal BC (Scott Hinch) 25 Exposure time of juvenile sockeye salmon to Discovery Islands fish farms (Erin Rechisky) ................ 26 Mortality, movements, and migration timing of age-0 Cowichan Chinook salmon tagged in the southern Gulf Islands in fall (Will Duguid) .......................................................................................... 27 Inter-annual variation in early marine survival patterns of Puget Sound steelhead smolts indicates shifting predation pressures (Barry Berejikian) .................................................................................. 27 Predation, Disease, and Contaminants ................................................................................................... 28 Seal diets in southern Puget Sound as derived from DNA and hardparts from feces (Scott Pearson) 28 Update on Strait of Georgia seal predation studies (Ben Nelson) ...................................................... 29 Infectious profiles of Chinook salmon: life-history variation, novel viruses, and disease potential (Emiliano DiCicco) ..............................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • British Columbia Regional Guide Cat
    National Marine Weather Guide British Columbia Regional Guide Cat. No. En56-240/3-2015E-PDF 978-1-100-25953-6 Terms of Usage Information contained in this publication or product may be reproduced, in part or in whole, and by any means, for personal or public non-commercial purposes, without charge or further permission, unless otherwise specified. You are asked to: • Exercise due diligence in ensuring the accuracy of the materials reproduced; • Indicate both the complete title of the materials reproduced, as well as the author organization; and • Indicate that the reproduction is a copy of an official work that is published by the Government of Canada and that the reproduction has not been produced in affiliation with or with the endorsement of the Government of Canada. Commercial reproduction and distribution is prohibited except with written permission from the author. For more information, please contact Environment Canada’s Inquiry Centre at 1-800-668-6767 (in Canada only) or 819-997-2800 or email to [email protected]. Disclaimer: Her Majesty is not responsible for the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in the reproduced material. Her Majesty shall at all times be indemnified and held harmless against any and all claims whatsoever arising out of negligence or other fault in the use of the information contained in this publication or product. Photo credits Cover Left: Chris Gibbons Cover Center: Chris Gibbons Cover Right: Ed Goski Page I: Ed Goski Page II: top left - Chris Gibbons, top right - Matt MacDonald, bottom - André Besson Page VI: Chris Gibbons Page 1: Chris Gibbons Page 5: Lisa West Page 8: Matt MacDonald Page 13: André Besson Page 15: Chris Gibbons Page 42: Lisa West Page 49: Chris Gibbons Page 119: Lisa West Page 138: Matt MacDonald Page 142: Matt MacDonald Acknowledgments Without the works of Owen Lange, this chapter would not have been possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Order in Council 522/1947
    522. Approved and ordered this 21st day of March , A.D. 1947. At the Executive Council Chamber, Victoria, PRESENT: The Honourable Mr. Hart in the Chair. Mr. Pearson Mr. Wismer Mr. Kenney mr.Anscomb Mr. Putnam Mr. MacDonald Mr. C arson mr. Eyres Mr. Weir Mr. To His Honour The Lieutenant-Governor in Council: The undersigned has the honour to recommend: 30,4/11b- THAT the Vital Statistics Registration District of Powell River as de- scribed by notice in The British Columbia Casette under date of August 25th, 1930 be redefined as follows: Commencing at the point of intersection of the middle line of Malaspina Strait with the southerly prolongation of the middle line of Jervis Inlet; thence north-easterly to and along said middle line and that of Hotham Sound and continu- ing northerly in Baker Bay to the south-west corner of Lot 3557, Group 1, New Westminster Land District; thence due west to the westerly boundary of the water- shed of the streams flowing into Jervis Inlet; thence northerly along said boundary to and along the easterly boundary of the watershed of Toba River to the Cascade Mountains, as defined by the "Interpretation Act Amendment Act, 1936"; thence north-westerly along said Cascade Mountains to the northerly boundary of the watershed of Toba River; thence westerly along said boundary and that of the streams flowing southerly into Toba Inlet; to the easterly boundary of the water- shed of Brom River; thence southerly along said boundary to the most southerly point thereon which lies due north of Lot 976, Range 1, Coast Land
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright (C) Queen's Printer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
    B.C. Reg. 38/2016 O.C. 112/2016 Deposited February 29, 2016 effective February 29, 2016 Water Sustainability Act WATER DISTRICTS REGULATION Note: Check the Cumulative Regulation Bulletin 2015 and 2016 for any non-consolidated amendments to this regulation that may be in effect. Water districts 1 British Columbia is divided into the water districts named and described in the Schedule. Schedule Water Districts Alberni Water District That part of Vancouver Island together with adjacent islands lying southwest of a line commencing at the northwest corner of Fractional Township 42, Rupert Land District, being a point on the natural boundary of Fisherman Bay; thence in a general southeasterly direction along the southwesterly boundaries of the watersheds of Dakota Creek, Laura Creek, Stranby River, Nahwitti River, Quatse River, Keogh River, Cluxewe River and Nimpkish River to the southeasterly boundary of the watershed of Nimpkish River; thence in a general northeasterly direction along the southeasterly boundary of the watershed of Nimpkish River to the southerly boundary of the watershed of Salmon River; thence in a general easterly direction along the southerly boundary of the watershed of Salmon River to the southwesterly boundary thereof; thence in a general southeasterly direction along the southwesterly boundaries of the watersheds of Salmon River and Campbell River to the southerly boundary of the watershed of Campbell River; thence in a general easterly direction along the southerly boundaries of the watersheds of Campbell River and
    [Show full text]
  • Project Memorandum
    PROJECT MEMORANDUM Client: VILLAGE OF LIONS BAY Date: August 4, 2005 DRAFT Project: TSUNAMI PROBABILITY AND MAGNITUDE STUDY Project No.: 05670 Subject: SUMMARY REPORT Page 1 of 11 1 Introduction 1.1 General Westmar Consultants Inc. (Westmar) has been commissioned by the Village of Lions Bay to perform a desktop study to determine the possible threat of a tsunami. The main body of the project memorandum provides an overview of the investigation, with details provided in Appendix A. The location of Lions Bay within Howe Sound is shown in Figures 3 and 4 in Appendix B and photographs of the shore are shown in Appendix C. Westmar has worked with Dr. Michael Isaacson, P.Eng., Dean of Applied Science at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and Dr. Michael Quick, P.Eng., Professor Emeritus, Civil Engineering Department at UBC, in performing this study, in addition to discussions with tsunami and geo-hazards experts. This study examines the sources and relative risks of tsunamis propagating to the Lions Bay site from the Pacific and from sources within the Strait of Georgia basin and Howe Sound area. 1.2 Definitions • Richter Scale: A logarithmic measure of earthquake magnitude, such that a magnitude change of 1.0 represents a 10 fold increase in amplitude (refer to Geological Survey of Canada (GSC)). Some of the larger magnitude earthquakes are described by the GSC as follows: • A Magnitude 7 earthquake is a “major” earthquake which causes serious damage up to about 100 km from the epicentre (e.g. a Magnitude 7.3 at Comox/Campbell River in 1946).
    [Show full text]
  • RG 42 - Marine Branch
    FINDING AID: 42-21 RECORD GROUP: RG 42 - Marine Branch SERIES: C-3 - Register of Wrecks and Casualties, Inland Waters DESCRIPTION: The finding aid is an incomplete list of Statement of Shipping Casualties Resulting in Total Loss. DATE: April 1998 LIST OF SHIPPING CASUALTIES RESULTING IN TOTAL LOSS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA COASTAL WATERS SINCE 1897 Port of Net Date Name of vessel Registry Register Nature of casualty O.N. Tonnage Place of casualty 18 9 7 Dec. - NAKUSP New Westminster, 831,83 Fire, B.C. Arrow Lake, B.C. 18 9 8 June ISKOOT Victoria, B.C. 356 Stranded, near Alaska July 1 MARQUIS OF DUFFERIN Vancouver, B.C. 629 Went to pieces while being towed, 4 miles off Carmanah Point, Vancouver Island, B.C. Sept.16 BARBARA BOSCOWITZ Victoria, B.C. 239 Stranded, Browning Island, Kitkatlah Inlet, B.C. Sept.27 PIONEER Victoria, B.C. 66 Missing, North Pacific Nov. 29 CITY OF AINSWORTH New Westminster, 193 Sprung a leak, B.C. Kootenay Lake, B.C. Nov. 29 STIRINE CHIEF Vancouver, B.C. Vessel parted her chains while being towed, Alaskan waters, North Pacific 18 9 9 Feb. 1 GREENWOOD Victoria, B.C. 89,77 Fire, laid up July 12 LOUISE Seaback, Wash. 167 Fire, Victoria Harbour, B.C. July 12 KATHLEEN Victoria, B.C. 590 Fire, Victoria Harbour, B.C. Sept.10 BON ACCORD New Westminster, 52 Fire, lying at wharf, B.C. New Westminster, B.C. Sept.10 GLADYS New Westminster, 211 Fire, lying at wharf, B.C. New Westminster, B.C. Sept.10 EDGAR New Westminster, 114 Fire, lying at wharf, B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Recreation in the Desolation Sound Region of British Columbia
    MARINE RECREATION IN THE DESOLATION SOUND REGION OF BRITISH COLUMBIA by William Harold Wolferstan B.Sc., University of British Columbia, 1964 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Geography @ WILLIAM HAROLD WOLFERSTAN 1971 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY December, 1971 Name : William Harold Wolf erstan Degree : Master of Arts Title of Thesis : Marine Recreation in the Desolation Sound Area of British Columbia Examining Committee : Chairman : Mar tin C . Kellman Frank F . Cunningham1 Senior Supervisor Robert Ahrens Director, Parks Planning Branch Department of Recreation and Conservation, British .Columbia ABSTRACT The increase of recreation boating along the British Columbia coast is straining the relationship between the boater and his environment. This thesis describes the nature of this increase, incorporating those qualities of the marine environment which either contribute to or detract from the recreational boating experience. A questionnaire was used to determine the interests and activities of boaters in the Desolation Sound region. From the responses, two major dichotomies became apparent: the relationship between the most frequented areas to those considered the most attractive and the desire for natural wilderness environments as opposed to artificial, service- facility ones. This thesis will also show that the most valued areas are those F- which are the least disturbed. Consequently, future planning must protect the natural environment. Any development, that fails to consider the long term interests of the boater and other resource users, should be curtailed in those areas of greatest recreation value. iii EASY WILDERNESS . Many of us wish we could do it, this 'retreat to nature'.
    [Show full text]
  • Seasonal Dynamics of Oceanographic Conditions, Phytoplankton, and Zooplankton in the Malaspina Strait, Strait of Georgia
    Western Washington University Western CEDAR 2018 Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference (Seattle, Wash.) Apr 5th, 3:30 PM - 3:45 PM Seasonal dynamics of oceanographic conditions, phytoplankton, and zooplankton in the Malaspina Strait, Strait of Georgia Svetlana Esenkulova Pacific Salmon oundation,F Canada, [email protected] Karyn Suchy University of Victoria, [email protected] richard Ian Perry Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, [email protected] Kelly Young Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, [email protected] Maycira Costa University of Victoria, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/ssec Part of the Fresh Water Studies Commons, Marine Biology Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Esenkulova, Svetlana; Suchy, Karyn; Perry, richard Ian; Young, Kelly; Costa, Maycira; Flagg, Ryan; Galbraith, Moira; and Pearsall, Isobel, "Seasonal dynamics of oceanographic conditions, phytoplankton, and zooplankton in the Malaspina Strait, Strait of Georgia" (2018). Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference. 376. https://cedar.wwu.edu/ssec/2018ssec/allsessions/376 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences and Events at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Speaker Svetlana Esenkulova, Karyn Suchy, richard Ian Perry, Kelly Young, Maycira Costa, Ryan Flagg, Moira Galbraith, and Isobel Pearsall This event is available at Western CEDAR: https://cedar.wwu.edu/ssec/2018ssec/allsessions/376 Seasonal dynamics of oceanographic conditions, phytoplankton, and zooplankton in the Malaspina Strait, Strait of Georgia Svetlana Esenkulova1, Karyn Suchy2,3, R.
    [Show full text]
  • FALL INTO BC Grizzly Bear Cruise Safari in Autumn
    We take ordinary and make it Extraordinary FALL INTO BC GRIZZLY BeaR CRUISE SAFARI IN AUTUMN KLITE RIVER BREM RIVER TOBA INLET HOMFRAY EAST AND WEST LODGE MT. REDONDA ISLANDS DENMAN QUADRA ISLAND DESOLATION SOUND DESOLATION CORTES BRITISH HERIOT SOUND MARINE BAY ISLAND PROVINCIAL PARK COLUMBIA CANADA CAMPBELL RIVER LUND SUNSHINE COAST POWELL RIVER TO VANCOUVER VANCOUVER ISLAND SALISH TO VICTORIA COMOX SEA Highlights: Toba Inlet is a deep fjord on the west coast of BC, it has spectacular Grizzly Bear Cruise Safari waterfalls, glacier fed rivers 3, 4 or 5 Days from Vancouver surrounded by the magnificent Coastal Mountains. Grizzly Bears Arrival Day: Vancouver to Homfray Lodge Viewing Tour is limited for an intimate experience and have free reign in these isolated and Join your included flight from Vancouver airport’s minimal impact on the bears. 2 nights includes one tour, lush river estuaries and can be found Southern Terminal to Powell River and complimentary 3 & 4 nights includes two tours. (B,L,D) late summer feasting on salmon. shuttle to the Historic Lund Hotel on arrival for a mid-afternoon departure for Desolation Sound via Cruise Desolation Sound on the the Sunshine Coast and Malaspina Strait joining your intimate “Pacific Bear” from Lund to fellow travellers for dinner on board your cruise ship as Homfray Lodge where we make our it heads for Homfray Lodge. (D) base. Grizzly Bear viewing is limited to a maximum of 12 guests at any time and you will be guided by Klahoose First Nation guides. Departs: August – October Departure Day: Homfray Lodge to Vancouver Price per person Enjoy an early breakfast at the lodge before setting twin share From off for the return cruise to Lund and shuttle to Powell 2 nights package from $2,930 River for your included flight to Vancouver airport’s Cruise the remote Toba Inlet Southern Terminal.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes-Of-The-Salish-Sea-Pp18.Pdf
    NOAA Professional Paper NMFS 18 Fishes of the Salish Sea: a compilation and distributional analysis Theodore W. Pietsch James W. Orr September 2015 U.S. Department of Commerce NOAA Professional Penny Pritzker Secretary of Commerce Papers NMFS National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Kathryn D. Sullivan Scientifi c Editor Administrator Richard Langton National Marine Fisheries Service National Marine Northeast Fisheries Science Center Fisheries Service Maine Field Station Eileen Sobeck 17 Godfrey Drive, Suite 1 Assistant Administrator Orono, Maine 04473 for Fisheries Associate Editor Kathryn Dennis National Marine Fisheries Service Offi ce of Science and Technology Fisheries Research and Monitoring Division 1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg. 178 Honolulu, Hawaii 96818 Managing Editor Shelley Arenas National Marine Fisheries Service Scientifi c Publications Offi ce 7600 Sand Point Way NE Seattle, Washington 98115 Editorial Committee Ann C. Matarese National Marine Fisheries Service James W. Orr National Marine Fisheries Service - The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS (ISSN 1931-4590) series is published by the Scientifi c Publications Offi ce, National Marine Fisheries Service, The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS series carries peer-reviewed, lengthy original NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, research reports, taxonomic keys, species synopses, fl ora and fauna studies, and data- Seattle, WA 98115. intensive reports on investigations in fi shery science, engineering, and economics. The Secretary of Commerce has Copies of the NOAA Professional Paper NMFS series are available free in limited determined that the publication of numbers to government agencies, both federal and state. They are also available in this series is necessary in the transac- exchange for other scientifi c and technical publications in the marine sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • In Canada & Alaska
    CANADA & ALASKA 2019/20 (9) Where it is impossible for you to return to your departure point as per the agreed return date We provide full financial protection for our package holidays which don’t include flights by way of your package, due to “unavoidable and extraordinary circumstances”, we shall provide you of a bond held by ABTA Ltd,. We are a member of ABTA (ABTA number W3550) and, ABTA will with any necessary accommodation (where possible, of a comparable standard) for a period not financially protect your holiday by ensuring you receive a refund or, if your arrangements include exceeding three nights per person. Please note that the 3-night cap does not apply to persons return travel to the UK (other than flights) you are returned to the UK in the event that your with reduced mobility, pregnant women or unaccompanied minors, nor to persons needing holiday cannot be provided as a result of our insolvency. Please go to http://abta.com/go-travel specific medical assistance, provided we have been notified of these particular needs at least for a copy of the guide to ABTA’s scheme of Financial Protection. 48 hours before the start of your holiday. For the purposes of this clause, “unavoidable and ABTA and ABTA members help holidaymakers to get the most from their travel and assist them extraordinary circumstances” mean warfare, acts of terrorism, significant risks to human health when things do not go according to plan. We are obliged to maintain a high standard of service such as the outbreak of serious disease at the travel destination or natural disasters such as to you by ABTA’s Code of Conduct.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 10. Strait of Georgia
    PART IV OCEANOGRAPHY OF INSHORE WAmRS Chapter 10. Strait of Georgia The Strait of Georgia is by far the most important tains and the intrusive, metamorphic, and sedimentary marine region of British Columbia. More than 70%of the rocks of Vancouver Island (Fig. 10.1).On the average, it is population of the province is located on its periphery and about 222 km (120 nm) long and 28 km (15 nrn) wide; its shores provide a foundation for expanding develop- islands occupy roughly 7% of its total surface area of 6800 ment and industrialization. The Strait is a waterway for a km2 (200 nm2). The average depth within the Strait is variety of commercial traffic and serves as a receptacle for around 155 myand only 5%of the total area has depths in industrial and domestic wastes from the burgeoning ur- excess of 360 m. The maximum recorded depth of 420 m ban centers of greater Vancouver. Salmon msto the is immediately south of the largest island in the Strait, rivers that enter the Strait of Georgia are the basis for one Texada Island, and is rather shallow compared with of the world's largest commercial salmon fisheries; its soundings obtained in some of the adjoining inlets resident coho and chinook salmon form an important and (depths in Jervis Inlet reach 730 m). ever-increasing recreational fishery. The Strait also To the north, the Strait of Georgia is hked to the provides an area for the spawning and growth of herring Pacific Ocean via several narrow but relatively long chan- and is the largest overwintering location for waterfowl in nels, notably Discovery Passage and Johnstone Strait, and Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Oceanography of the British Columbia Coast
    CANADIAN SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES 56 DFO - L bra y / MPO B bliothèque Oceanography RI II I 111 II I I II 12038889 of the British Columbia Coast Cover photograph West Coast Moresby Island by Dr. Pat McLaren, Pacific Geoscience Centre, Sidney, B.C. CANADIAN SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES 56 Oceanography of the British Columbia Coast RICHARD E. THOMSON Department of Fisheries and Oceans Ocean Physics Division Institute of Ocean Sciences Sidney, British Columbia DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS Ottawa 1981 ©Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1981 Available from authorized bookstore agents and other bookstores, or you may send your prepaid order to the Canadian Government Publishing Centre Supply and Service Canada, Hull, Que. K1A 0S9 Make cheques or money orders payable in Canadian funds to the Receiver General for Canada A deposit copy of this publication is also available for reference in public librairies across Canada Canada: $19.95 Catalog No. FS41-31/56E ISBN 0-660-10978-6 Other countries:$23.95 ISSN 0706-6481 Prices subject to change without notice Printed in Canada Thorn Press Ltd. Correct citation for this publication: THOMSON, R. E. 1981. Oceanography of the British Columbia coast. Can. Spec. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 56: 291 p. for Justine and Karen Contents FOREWORD BACKGROUND INFORMATION Introduction Acknowledgments xi Abstract/Résumé xii PART I HISTORY AND NATURE OF THE COAST Chapter 5. Upwelling: Bringing Cold Water to the Surface Chapter 1. Historical Setting Causes of Upwelling 79 Origin of the Oceans 1 Localized Effects 82 Drifting Continents 2 Climate 83 Evolution of the Coast 6 Fishing Grounds 83 Early Exploration 9 El Nifio 83 Chapter 2.
    [Show full text]