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3. AMPELOPSIS Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 159. 1803. 蛇葡萄属 She Pu Tao Shu Chen Zhiduan (陈之端); Jun Wen (文军) Lianas, Woody, Hermaphroditic Or Polygamo-Monoecious

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3. AMPELOPSIS Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 159. 1803. 蛇葡萄属 She Pu Tao Shu Chen Zhiduan (陈之端); Jun Wen (文军) Lianas, Woody, Hermaphroditic Or Polygamo-Monoecious Flora of China 12: 178–184. 2007. 3. AMPELOPSIS Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 159. 1803. 蛇葡萄属 she pu tao shu Chen Zhiduan (陈之端); Jun Wen (文军) Lianas, woody, hermaphroditic or polygamo-monoecious. Tendrils 2- or 3-branched. Leaves simple, 1- or 2-pinnately or pal- mately compound. Inflorescence a corymbose cyme, leaf-opposed or pseudoterminal, often at tips of tendrils. Flowers 5-merous. Ca- lyx saucer-shaped. Petals 5, free. Disk well developed, margin undulately lobed. Stamens 5. Style conspicuous; stigma inconspicu- ously expanded. Berry spherical, 1–4-seeded. Seed obovoid, base rostrate, apex rounded; cross-section of endosperm M-shaped. About 30 species: Asia, Central and North America, with most species in E Asia and two species in SW Asia; 17 species (13 endemic) in China. 1a. Leaves simple, undivided or 3–5-divided, but not deeply so to base. 2a. Branchlets, petioles, and leaf blade glabrous or abaxially with tufts of hairs limited to vein axils. 3a. Leaves conspicuously 3–5-divided. 4a. Leaves with 3–5 broad lobes (lobed up to middle), notch obtuse or acute .......................................... 6. A. humulifolia 4b. Leaves with 3–5 deep lobes, notch rounded ............................................................................................ 7. A. acerifolia 3b. Leaves undivided or slightly 3–5-cleft. 5a. Leaf margin irregularly toothed, usually with large, elliptic, triangular, or narrowly triangular teeth (to 1 cm) ................................................................................................................................................ 3. A. acutidentata 5b. Leaf margin with shallow, broadly triangular teeth. 6a. Leaf abaxially pale green, upper two lobes short or inconspicuous .................................................. 1. A. bodinieri 6b. Leaf abaxially green, upper two lobes triangular, conspicuous, and slightly extending outward ............................................................................................................................................. 2. A. glandulosa 2b. Branchlets, petioles, and leaf blade abaxially pubescent with soft hairs or villous. 7a. Leaves 3–5-divided, lobed conspicuously to middle, rarely only slightly lobed or undivided. 8a. Pedicels usually 1–1.5 mm, rarely to 2 mm ........................................................................................... 2. A. glandulosa 8b. Pedicels 2–3 mm. 9a. Leaves elliptic-ovate, usually 5-divided, abaxially with dense grayish hairs .................................... 1. A. bodinieri 9b. Leaves elliptical-pentangular or cordate-pentangular, usually 3-divided with lobes to middle, abaxially with short hairs ................................................................................................................ 6. A. humulifolia 7b. Leaves undivided or slightly 3–5-cleft. 10a. Leaves pentangular-ovate or cordate, 3–5-lobed, margin with large, sharp teeth .............................. 2. A. glandulosa 10b. Leaves ovate or cordate, margin with rounded teeth. 11a. Blades undivided, base conspicuously cordate, margin with regular teeth, both surfaces pubescent .................................................................................................................................... 2. A. glandulosa 11b. Blades slightly 3–5-divided, margin with irregular teeth. 12a. Upper part of leaves irregularly divided, leaves with dense grayish appressed hairs ........ 4. A. mollifolia 12b. Upper part of leaves conspicuously 3-lobed, leaves densely scabrous ............................. 5. A. tomentosa 1b. Leaves palmately or pinnately compound. 13a. Leaves 3–7-palmate. 14a. Branchlets, petioles, or leaf blade abaxially sparsely pubescent; leaves 3- or 5-foliolate. 15a. Leaves 3-foliolate, leaflets undivided, or only base of lateral leaflets divided ............................ 8. A. delavayana 15b. Leaves 5-foliolate, leaflets pinnatifidly divided, or margin with coarse teeth ............................. 9. A. aconitifolia 14b. Branchlets, petioles, and leaf blade abaxially glabrous; leaves 3–5-foliolate. 16a. Leaflets pinnatipartite, lower half attenuate into wings ................................................................... 10. A. japonica 16b. Leaflets toothed or lobed at margin, not pinnatipartite .................................................................. 8. A. delavayana 13b. Leaves pinnate to bipinnate. 17a. Branchlets, petioles, and inflorescences glabrous. 18a. Leaves green on both surfaces, leaflet margin with large, conspicuous teeth. 19a. Tendril trifurcate; leaflets 4–12 × 2–6 cm ...................................................................... 11. A. megalophylla 19b. Tendril bifurcate; leaflets 2–5 × 1–2.5 cm ..................................................................... 17. A. grossedentata 18b. Leaves abaxially strongly glaucous, leaflet margin entire or with fine teeth. 20a. Leaflets 2 or 3 pairs, blades 7–15 × 3–7 cm ..................................................................... 14. A. chaffanjonii 20b. Leaflets usually 4–6 pairs, blades 2.5–6 × 1–3.5 cm ......................................................... 16. A. hypoglauca 17b. Branchlets, petioles, and inflorescence rachises pubescent. 21a. Branchlets, petioles, and inflorescence rachises pubescent with short gray hairs; branchlets terete. 22a. Dried leaflets light green, margin coarsely toothed, central leaflet ovate-elliptic ......... 11. A. megalophylla 22b. Dried leaflets abaxially yellowish brown, margin ± undulate, central leaflet obovate or ovate .............................................................................................................................. 13. A. cantoniensis Flora of China 12: 178–184. 2007. 21b. Branchlets, petioles, rachises, pedicels, and leaflets abaxially ferruginous pilose; branchlets conspicuously 4–6-ridged. 23a. Leaflets 3.5–14 × 2–6.5 cm, margin 5–15-toothed, abaxially densely ferruginous pilose; berries 8–15 mm in diam. ....................................................................................................... 12. A. rubifolia 23b. Leaflets 3–6 × 0.5–3 cm, margin entire or with 1 to several inconspicuous teeth, midvein abaxially sparsely pilose; berries 5–7 mm in diam. ....................................... 15. A. gongshanensis 1. Ampelopsis bodinieri (H. Léveillé & Vaniot) Rehder, J. Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges; tendrils 2- or 3- Arnold Arbor. 15: 23. 1934. branched. Leaves simple, 3–5-cleft, usually mixed with some undivided leaves; petiole 1–7 cm; leaf blade 3.5–14 × 3–11 cm, 蓝果蛇葡萄 lan guo she pu tao basal veins 5, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, veinlets inconspicuously Branchlets terete, with longitudinal ridges, glabrous; ten- raised, base cordate, notches nearly obtuse, rarely rounded, drils bifurcate. Leaves simple; petiole 2.5–6 cm, glabrous; leaf- margin with acute teeth, apex acute. Peduncle 1–2.5 cm. Pedi- lets ovate or ovate-elliptic, undivided or slightly 3-lobed, 7– cel 1–3 mm. Buds ovoid, 1–2 mm, apex rounded. Petals ovate- 12.5 × 5–12 cm, basal veins 5, lateral veins 4–6 pairs, veinlets elliptic, 0.8–1.8 mm. Anthers narrowly elliptic. Lower part of inconspicuously raised, base cordate or slightly so, margin with ovary adnate to disk; style slightly enlarged at base. Berry 5–8 9–19 sharp teeth, apex cuspidate or acuminate. Compound di- mm in diam., 2–4-seeded. Seed narrowly elliptic. Fl. Apr–Aug, chasium loose; peduncle 2.5–6 cm, glabrous. Pedicel 2.5–3 fr. Jul–Oct. mm, glabrous. Buds elliptic, 2.5–3 mm. Calyx teeth inconspic- uous, glabrous, margin undulate. Petals elliptic, 2–2.5 mm. Fila- Forests in valleys, shrublands on hillsides, on trees or shrubs; below 100–2200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, ments filiform; anthers yellow, elliptic. Disk 5-lobed. Ovary Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, conical; style slightly enlarged at base. Berry 6–8 mm in diam., Liaoning, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan, 3- or 4-seeded. Seed ovoid-elliptic, slightly flat, rostrum acute, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Vietnam]. surface smooth, chalazal knot zonate and attenuate, ventral holes furrowed. Fl. Apr–Jun, fr. Jul–Aug. Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Maximowicz) Trautvetter f. pu- berula W. T. Wang (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(3): 78. 1979), described ● Forests or shrublands in valleys or on hillsides; 200–3000 m. from Jiangxi, probably belongs here but could not be identified with a Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, particular variety because no material was seen by the authors. Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan. 1a. Leaves abaxially glabrous or only with 1a. Leaves glabrous ...................................... 1a. var. bodinieri tufts of hairs at joints of veins. 1b. Leaves abaxially with gray hairs ............... 1b. var. cinerea 2a. Leaves on flowering branches unlobed ................................................ 2c. var. hancei 1a. Ampelopsis bodinieri var. bodinieri 2b. Leaves on flowering branches 蓝果蛇葡萄(原变种) lan guo she pu tao (yuan bian zhong) 5-angular, with 2 conspicuous lobes on upper half ....................... 2e. var. kulingensis Vitis bodinieri H. Léveillé & Vaniot, Bull. Soc. Agric. 1b. Leaves abaxially or only veins pilose Sarthe 40: 36. 1905; Ampelopsis micans Rehder; V. micans or crinite. (Rehder) Bean. 3a. Leaves abaxially ferruginous Leaves glabrous. crinite ............................................ 2a. var. glandulosa 3b. Leaves abaxially sparsely pilose ● Forests in valleys,
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