DOCSLIB.ORG

Implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy and Other National Commitments in the Field of Health

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy and Other National Commitments in the Field of Health Implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy and Other National Commitments in the Field of Health SPAIN A multi-stakeholder perspective report on 2005–2014 developments The information and views set out in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect an official opinion of the EC or IOM. Neither they nor any person acting on their behalf may be therefore held responsible for any use of the information contained therein. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. This Progress Report from a multi-stakeholder perspective on the implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy (NRIS) and other national commitments in respect to Roma Health was undertaken by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) within the framework of the project “Fostering Health Provision for Migrants, the Roma, and Other Vulnerable Groups” (Equi- Health). The EQUI-HEALTH project is co-financed under the 2012 work plan, within the second programme of Community action in the field of health (2008–2013), by direct grant awarded to IOM from the European Commission’s Directorate General (DG) for Health and Consumers (SANTE), through the Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency (CHAFEA). The Equi-Health project is designed and managed by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) Regional Office Brussels, Migration Health Division (MHD). In addition, this report on the Implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy and Other National Commitments in the Field of Health in Spain has benefited from a grant of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, s of Spain (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; PSI2011- 25554). The Progress Report was produced under IOM MHD, RO Brussels guidance by Manuel García- Ramírez, Marta Escobar-Ballesta and Tona Lizana Alcazo and benefitted from peer-reviews and editing by Mariya Samuilova. We thank DJ Krastev for his copy-editing, proofreading, and general editing assistance. IOM would like to extend its thank to the research team and collaborators involved in this research, especially: Mª Jesús Albar Marín,1 Rocío Garrido Muñoz de Arenillas,1 Lluís Granero Giner,2 Pablo L. Pérez Montesinos,2 Mª Dolores López Gándara, Virginia Paloma Castro,1 Belén Aguilera Gómez del Castillo, Constanza Cardona Viroga, Alexandra Orgaz Camacho, Laura Rodríguez Candea, Emilia Sánchez López and Carmen Sánchez Ocaña A special note of thanks is due to Daniel La Parra for his thoughtful and valuable contributions to this report. IOM is also grateful to all the people who have contributed to make this study possible; especially Manuel Borrero Arias, Montserrat Bret Garriga, Carmen Cabezas Peña, Carolina Carmona Ruiz, Beatriz Carrillo de los Reyes, Alba Fernández, Tania García Espinel, Manuel Heredia Jiménez, Montserrat Jara Martín, Tincuta Leonte, Óscar López Catalán, Carmen Méndez López, Xavier Miranda, Anna Montoriol, Juan Carlos Navarro Zafra, Antonia Núñez García, Llorenç Olivé i Morros, Florinel Paun, Mercedes Pérez Dechent, Isabelle Peris, Joan Lluís Piqué i Sánchez, Francina Planas, Antonio Redondo Buzón, José Rodríguez, José Antonio Rodríguez Cuellar, Desiré Sánchez, Antonia Sánchez Franco, Ana Sancho, Lucía Sanjuan Núñez, Gerardo Tiradani and Conchita Vila Vila. 1 CESPYD Universidad de Sevilla. 2 ASPCAT Generalitat de Catalunya. 2 CONTENTS ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................. 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. 5 1. INTRODUCTION: BUILDING COLLABORATIVE CAPACITY AMONG STAKEHOLDERS TO DEVELOP TRANSFORMATIVE ROMA HEALTH POLICIES ............................................................................... 11 1.1. Background…….. ....................................................................................................................... 11 1.2. Failure of European responses .................................................................................................. 12 1.3. Roma health inequities as a “wicked” problem ........................................................................ 13 1.4. Transforming Roma health policy through stakeholder collaboration ..................................... 14 2. FRAMING THE PROBLEM ..................................................................................................... 17 2.1. National and foreign Roma in Spain.......................................................................................... 17 2.2. Roma health inequities and social determinants ..................................................................... 18 2.3. The EU response to Roma health inequities ............................................................................. 20 3. BUILDING COLLABORATIVE CAPACITY TO TRANSFORM ........................................................ 22 3.1. Evidence based approach: systematic review .......................................................................... 22 3.2. Discursive approach: key stakeholder involvement ................................................................. 22 3.3. RIPEX: an NRIS assessment tool ................................................................................................ 24 4. PROMOTING SHARED UNDERSTANDING TO TRANSFORM ROMA HEALTH POLICIES ............. 27 4.1. Entitlement to health care ........................................................................................................ 27 4.2. Access to the health-care system ............................................................................................. 30 4.3. Responsiveness of health-care services .................................................................................... 43 4.4. Achieving and sustaining change .............................................................................................. 60 5. PLANNING THE FUTURE ....................................................................................................... 78 5.1. Principles………… ........................................................................................................................ 78 5.2. Priorities…………. ........................................................................................................................ 81 5.3. Tools………………. ....................................................................................................................... 82 FINAL THOUGHTS ....................................................................................................................... 86 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................... 87 ANNEX I. DESK REVIEW .............................................................................................................. 97 ANNEX II. EQUI-HEALTH STAKEHOLDERS IN SPANISH COALITION .............................................. 104 ANNEX III. SPANISH GUIDELINE FOR STAKEHOLDERS INTERVIEW .............................................. 108 ANNEX IV. TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE EQUI-HEALTH PROJECT ............................................. 109 3 ACRONYMS ASPCAT Public Health Agency of Catalonia (Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya) CatSalut Catalan Health-care Service (Servei Català de la Salut) AACC Autonomous Communities (Comunidades Autónomas) CESPYD Coalition for the Study of Power, Health and Diversity CSO Civil Society Organizations DG Directorate General DRI Decade of Roma Inclusion EC European Commission EU European Union IOM International Organization for Migration MIPEX Migrant Integration Policy Index NGO Non-Governmental Organizations NHS National Health System (Sistema Nacional de Salud) NRIS National Roma Integration Strategy PHC Primary Health-care Centres RDL Royal Decree-Law (Real Decreto Ley) RIPEX Roma Integration Policy Index SAS Andalusian Health-care Service (Servicio Andaluz de Salud) ToR Terms of Reference of the Equi-Health project TRHP Transformative Roma Health Policies WHO World Health Organization 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction: Building collaborative capacity among stakeholders in order to develop transformative Roma health policies In February 2013, the Migration Health Division of the Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) launched the project “Equi-Health: Fostering Health Provision for Migrants, the Roma and Other Vulnerable Groups.” Equi-Health´s sub-action “Roma Health” seeks to improve the accessibility, adequacy, adaptability, satisfaction with and the quality of health assistance, preventive care, and health promotion services for Spanish and foreign (EU and third country nationals) Roma. The first stage of this project focuses on elaborating progress reports from a multi-stakeholder perspective on the implementation of the NRIS and other national commitments with respect to Roma Health. The Roma are one of the largest minorities in Europe and the main ethnic group in Spain. Roma health is a challenge that is extremely difficult for European society to tackle. The isolation, discrimination, and poverty in which many of them live are unacceptable sources of inequity that have been in place for hundreds of years. In order to tackle this problem, in 2005, the European governments committed to a Decade of Roma Inclusion (DRI, 2005–2015) to “combat discrimination, poverty, and exclusion against
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Opportunities for Roma Inclusion Editorial Note
    Special issue Development & Transition ISSUE Published by the United Nations Development Programme June 2012 19 2 Editorial note 3 Making inclusion truly inclusive 7 The way forward for Roma integration 10 The ties that bind: common belonging and equal citizenship 13 Towards better monitoring and evaluation 17 A new approach to parental empowerment 22 The Slovak Republic’s Roma Integration Strategy 26 Measuring results? Education indicators in Roma integration strategies 29 Roma inclusion: Who will do the work? 32 The human rights-based approach and community involvement www.developmentandtransition.net Opportunities for Roma Inclusion Editorial note Andrey Ivanov Social inclusion of marginalized Roma has been increasingly on the policy agenda – supported by UNDP since 2002. This issue of Development & Transition on Roma con- tinues our commitment to expanding partnerships. Individually, articles reflect distinct expertise; together, they weave the social inclusion and human rights perspectives into a comprehensive human development approach to Roma inclusion. The opening article raises the question of how to define the ‘Roma universe’ and sug- gests that, even without knowing exact population figures, inclusion can be achieved by taking a territorial approach. Ioannis Dimitrakopoulos of the European Union’s Agency for Fundamental Rights suggests that Roma inclusion should integrate socio-economic development concerns with a fundamental rights framework. However, that is not easy, as Bernard Rorke of the Open Society Institute asserts. The focus on the social inclusion framework has coincided with a rise in anti-Roma prejudice. Katarina Mathernova, Joost de Laat, and Sandor Karacsony of the World Bank call for better monitoring and evaluation of Roma inclusion projects.
    [Show full text]
  • Strategy for the Roma in Republic of Macedonia 2014 – 2020
    REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA MINISTRY OF LABOR AND SOCIAL POLICY IN COLLABORATION WITH THE NATIONAL COORDINATOR OF THE DECADE AND STRATEGY OF ROMA STRATEGY FOR THE ROMA IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 2014 – 2020 June, 2014 This document is made within the frames of the project “Encouraging of the implementation of the Strategy for the Roma in Republic of Macedonia through improvement of the strategic and operational management processes on national level”, with financial aid from the foundation MAKING THE MOST OF EU FUNDS FOR ROMA (MTM) from Budapest. CONTENTS Page | 2 I. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………............3 II. Review of the national and international legislation in the areas of action that imply preparation and implementation of policies, strategies and programs for social inclusion of Roma in Macedonia……….. …………………………………………………………………………..................9 III. Demographic Profile of the Roma community in Macedonia………………………………..36 IV. Commitment to the Strategy/Vision, Strategic objectives, Specific strategic (program) goals ………………………………………….................................................................................................... 40 V. Strategic intervention by areas of action/Strategic determinations, Context-actual conditions, Specific strategic (program) goals Employment ………………………………………………………….................................................................................. ...... 42 Education........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Strategy for Roma in the Republic of Macedonia
    Ministry of Labor and Social Policy Republic of Macedonia Strategy for Roma in the Republic of Macedonia December, 2004 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction 4 1. Basic Remarks 4 1.1 Goals of the Strategy 5 1.2 Actors in the Realization of the Strategy 6 1.3 National Strategy and the Roma Inclusion Decade 8 1.4 Initial Dilemma 8 2. Normative Frame for Equality of Citizens 9 2.1 International Documents 10 2.1.1 Documents of the United Nations 10 2.1.2 Documents of the Council of Europe 10 2.1.3 Documents of the OSCE 11 2.1.3 Documents of UNESCO 11 2.2 Domestic Normative Frame 14 3. The Need to Collect Relevant Statistics 16 4. Local Self-government as Primary Level of Strategy Implementation 17 5. The Key Role of Romani Civic Organizations 20 II. Priority Areas 21 1. Living and Housing Conditions 22 1.1 Normative Framework 22 1.2 Current Situation 23 1.3 Recommendations and Activities 25 1.4 Initial Activities 28 2. Employment 29 2.1 Normative Frame 29 2.2 Current Situation 30 2.3 Recommendations and Activities 33 2.3.1 Reintegration in the Labor Market 33 2.3.2. Program for Development of Entrepreneurship 35 2.3.3. Education and Training 36 2.3.4. Information and Participation 37 3. Education 38 3.1 Normative frame 38 3.2 Current Situation 40 3.3 Recommendations and Activities 43 4. Health 53 4.1 Normative Frame 53 4.2 Current Situation 54 4.3 Recommendations and Activities 57 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Civil Society Monitoring on the Implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy and Decade Action Plan in CROATIA
    Civil Society Monitoring on the Implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy and Decade Action Plan in CROATIA in 2012 and 2013 DECADE OF ROMA INCLUSION 2005-2015 Civil Society Monitoring on the Implementation of the National Roma Integration Strategy and Decade Action Plan in CROATIA in 2012 and 2013 Prepared by a civil society coalition comprising the following organizations Institute of the Association for Transitional Researches and National Education – STINA (lead organisation) Roma National Council n Centre for Peace, Legal Advice and Psychosocial Assistance Written by Ljubomir Mikić n Milena Babić Coordinated by the Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat Foundation in cooperation with the Making the Most of EU Funds for Roma Program of the Open Society Foundations DECADE OF ROMA INCLUSION 2005-2015 www.romadecade.org DECADE OF ROMA INCLUSION 2005-2015 2 Published by Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat Foundation Teréz körút 46. 1066 Budapest, Hungary www.romadecade.org Design and layout: www.foszer-design.com Proofreading: Christopher Ryan ©2014 by Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat Foundation All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any forms or by any means without the permission of the Publisher. ISSN: 2064-8413 All civil society monitoring reports are available at www.romadecade.org/civilsocietymonitoring Civil SocietyCivil Monitoring This report was prepared by a civil society coalition comprising the following organisations: Institute of the 3 Association for Transitional Researches and National Education – STINA Institute (lead organization), Roma National Council, and Centre for Peace, Legal Advice and Psychosocial Assistance. The lead researcher of croatia the coalition is Ljubomir Mikić (Centre for Peace, Legal Advice and Psychosocial Assistance) and the project manager is Stojan Obradović (STINA Institute).
    [Show full text]
  • National Roma Integration Strategy in Spain 2012-2020
    National Roma Integration Strategy in Spain 2012 -2020 National Roma Integration Strategy in Spain 2012-2020 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ACs Autonomous Communities SCRP State Council of the Roma People (Consejo Estatal del Pueblo Gitano ) CSR Centre for Sociological Research (Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas - CIS ) LCS Living Conditions Survey SNHS Spanish National Health Survey APS Economically Active Population Survey CSE Compulsory Secondary Education EURoma European Network on Social Inclusion and Roma under the Structural Funds EAFRD European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development ERDF European Regional Development Fund FEMP Federation of Municipalities and Provinces ESF European Social Fund FSG Fundación Secretariado Gitano (Roma Secretariat Foundation) ITTRI Institute for Teacher Training, Research and Innovation (Instituto de Formación del Profesorado, Investigación e Innovación Educativa ) NSI National Statistics Institute ( Instituto Nacional de Estadística ) PIT Personal Income Tax ME Ministry of Education ( Ministerio de Educación ) MHCA Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs ( Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo - MSC ) MHSPE Ministry of Health, Social Policy and Equality ( Ministerio de Sanidad, Política Social e Igualdad - MSPSI ) MHSSE Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality ( Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad - MSSSI ) NGO Non-Governmental Organisation OSCE Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe NRP National Reform Programme ADOP Anti-Discrimination Operational Programme EU
    [Show full text]
  • Policy Brief
    Policy Brief How to Improve the Situation of Roma in Central and Eastern Europe1 Abstract: Roma are the largest ethnic minority in Europe and live in large numbers often under extremely disadvantageous conditions in many parts of Eastern Europe. The situation of Roma is far more unfavourable in most of the new Member States than that of the majority population. Around 4 million Roma live in these countries but their situation in terms of housing, health, education and employment is often not much different than that of those living in third world countries. The biggest problem perhaps relates to education: for the vast majority of Roma (7-9 out of 10 Roma aged 15 and over), the highest level of education attained is elementary schooling. In consequence, barely 10-20% of Roma of working age are in work (whether in the formal or informal economy). Their situation is not only worse than the majority population living in close proximity to them but even more unfavourable than the majority population in the country concerned in general since Roma tend to live predominantly in the most economically depressed areas where job opportunities and the chances of having a reasonable standard of living are in any case lower than elsewhere. A number of factors combine to create these disadvantages. One of the main factors is segregation at school which leads to underachievement of Roma children who are often sent to special schools for those with learning difficulties, or the mentally disabled in much larger numbers than children of the majority population. Lack of education and a job tends to lead directly to severe poverty with poor housing conditions and limited access to basic services, which in turn results in poor heath and high mortality and morbidity rates.
    [Show full text]
  • Addressing Gender Inequality in the Decade of Roma Inclusion: the Case of Serbia Tatjana Perić, Ecumenical Humanitarian Organisation1
    eumap.org Monitoring human rights and the rule of law in Europe Features > August 2005 > “Overcoming Exclusion: The Roma Decade” Addressing gender inequality in the Decade of Roma Inclusion: the case of Serbia Tatjana Perić, Ecumenical Humanitarian Organisation1 Introduction In recent years we have witnessed both the blossoming of the Romani movement in Serbia and an overwhelmingly increased interest in the rights of Roma in the country. But even though they were officially recognised as a minority in 2002,2 Roma continue to face racial discrimination on a daily basis.3 Victims of violence from both extremist groups and law enforcers, they are mostly uneducated and rarely hold jobs other than in the informal economy.4 Many Serbian Roma live in extreme poverty in illegal substandard settlements, including tens of thousands of Roma who have been forced out of Kosovo in 1999. Numerous national and international organisations try to address these issues, but the effectiveness of the results is often disputable. Romani women face still further burdens and obstacles. In addition to the discrimination and dearth of opportunities all Roma are confronted with, they grapple with both subjection to patriarchal norms and conventions within Romani society and the particular ill-treatment of Roma women by other groups. After a draft national Strategy for the Integration and Empowerment of Roma was first produced in 2002, the launch of the Decade of Roma Inclusion in turn led to the formulation of National Action Plans (NAP) following the Decade’s thematic priorities. Serbia is the only country among the Decade participants that created a separate NAP specifically focusing on the discrimination of Romani women.
    [Show full text]
  • Decade Intelligence Report
    DECADE INTELLIGENCE REPORT Factors for success or failure of Roma inclusion projects May 2014 DECADE INTELLIGENCE REPORT Factors for success or failure of Roma inclusion projects May 2014 Published by Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat Foundation Terez krt 46, 4th floor 1066 Budapest , Hungary Phone: +36-1-411-1325 | Fax: +36-1-411-1326 http://www.romadecade.org/ This publication has been produced with the financial support of the Open Society Foundations and the United Nations Development Program. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and should in no way be taken to reflect the views of the financial supporters. Edited by Aleksandra Bojadjieva, Robert Kushen Contributing consultants Adriatik Hasantari, Albania Dimitar Dimitrov, Bulgaria Sanela Besic, Bosnia and Herzegovina Ljubomir Mikic, Croatia Edita Stejskalova, Czech Republic Gabor Hera, Hungary Ajet Osmanovski, Macedonia Tatjana Peric, Montenegro Eniko Vincze, Romania Osman Balic, Serbia Marek Hojsik, Slovakia Pedro Aguilera Cortes, Spain Design and layout: www.foszer-design.com © 2014 by Decade of Roma Inclusion Secretariat Foundation All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the permission of the Publisher. ISSN Decade Intelligence Report CONTENTS CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 DECADE OF ROMA INCLUSION
    [Show full text]
  • Education in Member State Submissions Under the Eu Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies
    EDUCATION IN MEMBER STATE SUBMISSIONS UNDER THE EU FRAMEWORK FOR NATIONAL ROMA INTEGRATION STRATEGIES Eben Friedman ECMI WORKING PAPER #73 December 2013 ECMI- Working Paper The European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) is a non-partisan institution founded in 1996 by the Governments of the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, and the German State of Schleswig-Holstein. ECMI was established in Flensburg, at the heart of the Danish-German border region, in order to draw from the encouraging example of peaceful coexistence between minorities and majorities achieved here. ECMI’s aim is to promote interdisciplinary research on issues related to minorities and majorities in a European perspective and to contribute to the improvement of interethnic relations in those parts of Western and Eastern Europe where ethnopolitical tension and conflict prevail. ECMI Working Papers are written either by the staff of ECMI or by outside authors commissioned by the Centre. As ECMI does not propagate opinions of its own, the views expressed in any of its publications are the sole responsibility of the author concerned. ECMI Working Paper European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) Director: Dr. Tove H. Malloy © ECMI 2013 2 | P a g e ECMI- Working Paper EDUCATION IN MEMBER STATE SUBMISSIONS UNDER THE EU FRAMEWORK FOR NATIONAL ROMA INTEGRATION STRATEGIES “At the level of design, a key weakness of the EU Framework is that some of the means proposed in the area of education risk compromising realization of the corresponding objectives and in turn the overall goal of ensuring that all children complete at least primary school.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 “Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015” Serbian Presidency
    Republic of Serbia GOVERMENT Ministry of Human and Minority Rights “Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015” Serbian Presidency July 1, 2008- June 30, 2009 “Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005- 2015” was initiated by agreement of high officials of Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia and Slovakia reached at the conference “Roma in Expanded Europe: Challenges for the Future”, that was held in Budapest in June 2003 with the support of the World Bank and Open Society Institute. Decade goals are то close the unacceptable gaps between Roma and the rest of society and to work toward elimination of discrimination through development and implementation of National Action Plans in the areas of education, housing, health and employment. Main principle is to support full participation and involvement of national Roma Communities in achieving the Decade’s objectives. While focusing on priority areas of education, housing, health and employment, each participating Government shall in addition take into account the other core issues of poverty, discrimination and gender mainstreaming. Serbia is holding the Decade Presidency in the period of July 1 2008 to June 30 2009. Priority areas of Serbian Presidency are: • Housing • Combating discrimination in education • Development of monitoring and evaluation system • Development of European Roma Policy and access to European Union funds for non EU countries for programs aiming at improvement of Roma position. 1 Roma National Strategy Secretariat Ministry of Human and Minority Rights Tel. +381 11 311 73 74, fax +381 11 21 32 551, e-mail: [email protected] www.humanrights.gov.yu/roma Republic of Serbia GOVERMENT Ministry of Human and Minority Rights Housing Housing is one of four priority areas of “Decade of Roma Inclusion 2005-2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Inclusion and Cultural Identity of Roma Communities in South-Eastern Europe
    a per la pace ondation suisse pour la paix ondazione svizzer Schweizerische Friedensstiftung F F Working Paper Foundation Swiss Peace 1 | 2011 Social Inclusion and Cultural Identity of Roma Communities in South-Eastern Europe Gabriela Mirescu, Editor swisspeace swisspeace is an action-oriented peace research Working Papers institute with headquarters in Bern, Switzer- In its working paper series, swisspeace land. It aims to prevent the outbreak of publishes reports by staff members and violent conflicts and to enable sustainable international experts, covering recent issues conflict transformation. of peace research and peacebuilding. Please note our publication list at the end of this swisspeace sees itself as a center of excellence paper or on www.swisspeace.org. and an information platform in the areas of conflict analysis and peacebuilding. We conduct research on the causes of war and The views expressed in this publication are violent conflict, develop tools for early those of the author(s) and do not necessarily recognition of tensions, and formulate reflect the views of swisspeace. conflict mitigation and peacebuilding strategies. swisspeace contributes to information exchange and networking on current issues of peace and security policy through its analyses and reports as well as meetings and conferences. swisspeace was founded in 1988 as the “Swiss Peace Foundation” with the goal of promoting independent peace research in . Switzerland. Today swisspeace engages about 30 staff members. Its most important clients include the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) and the Swiss National Science Foundation. Its activities are further assisted by contributions from its Support Association. The supreme swisspeace body is the Foundation Council, which is comprised of representatives from politics, science, and the government.
    [Show full text]
  • Advancing Education of Roma in Macedonia
    Country Assessment and the Roma Education Fund’s Strategic Directions Advancing Education of Roma in Macedonia ROMA EDUCATION FUND Advancing Education of Roma in Macedonia Country Assessment and the Roma Education Fund’s Strategic Directions Copyright © Roma Education Fund, 2007 All rights reserved ISBN: 978-963-87398-2-7 This report is available in English and Macedonian Design and layout: István Fenyvesi advancing education of roma in macedonia Contents Preface ............................................................................................................................................................ 7 Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................................... 8 Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 9 Country Profile ........................................................................................................................................... 13 Political, Economic and Social Situation ................................................................................................. 16 Education System ....................................................................................................................................... 23 Overview of Government and Partner Activities ................................................................................. 0 REF Programme in Macedonia ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]