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Introducción a Consola Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola \La consola es tu amiga" Diego Fanego y Patricio Morenoy Rodrigo Ubal Dahlyz Cynthia Gamarrayz yFacultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA) zLABI 27 de abril de 2017 Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola LABi >Qu´ese puede hacer en el labi? Estudiar Hacer TPs Pedir herramientas Usar herramientas del pa~nol Pedir libros de la biblioteca especializada Tomar mate/comer Dejando siempre las mesas limpias :) Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Cursos del LABi Soldadura (Intro, t´ecnicadigital, labo de micros, circuitos) Software libre: LATEX(Todas las materias donde haya que presentar informes, papers, tesis) Octave (An´alisisde circuitos, procesos estoc´asticos,se~nales, redes neuronales) KiCad (Labo de micros, circuitos) Introducci´ona la consola OpenSCAD Software gratuito: LTSpice (An´alisisde circuitos, circuitos) Y otros... Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Tabla de Contenidos Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Crear directorios Buscar archivos Procesar informaci´on Entender un poco m´as nuestro sistema de archivos Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Objetivo Navegar el sistema de archivos Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Buscar archivos Procesar informaci´on Entender un poco m´as nuestro sistema de archivos Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Objetivo Navegar el sistema de archivos Crear directorios Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Procesar informaci´on Entender un poco m´as nuestro sistema de archivos Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Objetivo Navegar el sistema de archivos Crear directorios Buscar archivos Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Entender un poco m´as nuestro sistema de archivos Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Objetivo Navegar el sistema de archivos Crear directorios Buscar archivos Procesar informaci´on Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Objetivo Navegar el sistema de archivos Crear directorios Buscar archivos Procesar informaci´on Entender un poco m´as nuestro sistema de archivos Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Acceder a sistemas GNU/Linux en forma remota Entender mejor el funcionamiento de dichos sistemas Administrarlos Beagleboard xM Pandaboard Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Motivaci´on Desenvolverse en un entorno con terminales Raspberry π Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Entender mejor el funcionamiento de dichos sistemas Administrarlos Raspberry π Pandaboard Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Motivaci´on Desenvolverse en un entorno con terminales Acceder a sistemas GNU/Linux en forma remota Beagleboard xM Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Administrarlos Beagleboard xM Raspberry π Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Motivaci´on Desenvolverse en un entorno con terminales Acceder a sistemas GNU/Linux en forma remota Entender mejor el funcionamiento de dichos sistemas Pandaboard Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Motivaci´on Desenvolverse en un entorno con terminales Acceder a sistemas GNU/Linux en forma remota Entender mejor el funcionamiento de dichos sistemas Administrarlos Beagleboard xM Raspberry π Pandaboard Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Historia y personajes ilustres Unix es un sistema operativo portable, multitarea y multiusuario surge a fines de los ´60 desarrollado en los laboratorios Bell de AT&T, por Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie y Douglas McIlroy entre otros. Ken Thompson y Dennis Ritchie. Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Familias AT&T la familia que tuvo su origen en el UNIX de AT&T. Considerada la familia UNIX \pura" y original. BSD familia originada por el licenciamiento de UNIX a Berkely. BSD se reescribi´opara no incorporar propiedad intelectual originaria de AT&T. AIX Esta familia surge por el licenciamiento de UNIX System III a IBM. Xenix familia derivada de la adquisici´onde los derechos originales de AT&T primero por parte de Microsoft y de esta los vendi´oa SCO. GNU En 1983, Richard Stallman anunci´oel Proyecto GNU, un ambicioso esfuerzo para crear un sistema similar a Unix, que pudiese ser distribuido libremente. Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on GNU + Linux En 1991 el proyecto GNU ya tenia casi todo el sistema completo con excepci´ondel kernel Hurd. Linus Torvalds comienza a desarrollar un n´ucleopara utilizar las herramientas GNU. Richard Stallman Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on Kernel El kernel es el puente entre las aplicaciones y el procesamiento de datos al nivel del hardware. Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Introducci´on >Consola o Terminal? Estos terminos tienen su origen en la ´epoca de los Mainframe Las terminales se conectan en la \terminal" opuesta de los cables salientes del equipo Estas son la unica forma de interacci´ony la cantidad es acotada Existe una terminal especial para el administrador, llamada \consola" de mando La consola recibe los mensajes de error del sistema Mainframe y terminales. Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Sistema de archivos Sistema de archivos Todo es un archivo Los directorios son archivos Los enlaces son archivos Los perifericos son archivos Tenemos acceso a todo Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Sistema de archivos Estructura La estructura l´ogicadel sistema de archivos es est´andar Es mantenido por The Linux Foundation Versi´onactual: 2.31 Futura versi´on:3.0 Se utiliza una estructura tipo ´arbol El sistema es case-sentitive 1 Filesystem Hierarchy Standard: http://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/FHS_2.3/fhs-2.3.html Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Sistema de archivos Estructura bin binarios de comandos esenciales boot archivos estaticos del boot loader dev archivos de dispositivos etc configuraci´ondel sistema especifica del host home directorios personales de los usuarios lib bibliotecas compartidas esenciales y m´odulosdel kernel media punto de montaje para dispositivos extraibles mnt punto de montaje para sistemas de archivos montados temporalemente Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Sistema de archivos Estructura opt paquetes de software de aplicaciones agregadas proc informaci´onsobre los procesos y el kernel root directorio personal del root sbin binarios de comandos del administrador srv informaci´onpara los servicios provistos por el sistema sys controles del sistema y los dipositivos tmp archivos temporales usr jerarquias secundarias var informaci´onvariable Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Sistema de archivos Formatos Implementaci´onf´ısicadel sistema de archivos Gran diversidad de formatos UFS ext 2, 3, 4 ntfs fat 16, 32 vfat XFS ... Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Interpretes Shells Shell Es una aplicaci´onque lee lineas de texto ingresadas por el usuario Es una interfaz al sistema operativo Se denomina \shell" porque oculta detalles del SO Existen versiones gr´aficas,pero no son necesarias en lo absoluto presenta los resultados en la misma terminal Permiten escribir scripts Automatizar tareas Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola <Y LA LISTA SIGUE! Introducci´ona consola Interpretes Shells Bourne Shell: sh Almquist Shell: ash Debian Almquist Shell: dash Bourne Again SHell: bash Korn Shell: ksh Z shell: zsh C Shell: csh TENEX C Shell: tcsh Hamilton C Shell Emacs Shell: eshell friendly interactive shell: fish rc shell: rc Scheme shell: scsh Stand alone shell: sash ... Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad de Ingenier´ıa(UBA), LABI Introducci´ona consola Introducci´ona consola Interpretes Shells Bourne Shell: sh Almquist Shell: ash Debian Almquist Shell: dash Bourne Again SHell: bash Korn Shell: ksh Z shell: zsh C Shell: csh TENEX C Shell: tcsh <Y LA LISTA Hamilton C Shell Emacs Shell: eshell SIGUE! friendly interactive shell: fish rc shell: rc Scheme shell: scsh Stand alone shell: sash ... Fanego, Moreno, Ubal Dahl, Gamarra Facultad
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