DOCSLIB.ORG

M20 Junction

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
M20 Junction M20 Junction 10a TR010006 4.1 Statement of Reasons APFP Regulation 5(2)(h) Revision BA Planning Act 2008 Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure) Regulations 2009 M20 Junction 10a Error! No text of specified style in document. Error! No text of specified style in document. Error! No text of specified style in document. Error! No text of specified style in document. Volume 4 July May 20167 M20 Junction 10a TR010006 4.1 Statement of Reasons Volume 4 This document is issued for the party which commissioned it We accept no responsibility for the consequences of this and for specific purposes connected with the above-captioned document being relied upon by any other party, or being used project only. It should not be relied upon by any other party or for any other purpose, or containing any error or omission used for any other purpose. which is due to an error or omission in data supplied to us by other parties This document contains confidential information and proprietary intellectual property. It should not be shown to other parties without consent from us and from the party which commissioned it. Date: July May 20176 Issue and revision record Revision Date Description A July 2016 DCO Submission B May 2017 DCO submission (deadline 7) This document is issued for the party which commissioned it We accept no responsibility for the consequences of this and for specific purposes connected with the above-captioned document being relied upon by any other party, or being used project only. It should not be relied upon by any other party or for any other purpose, or containing any error or omission used for any other purpose. which is due to an error or omission in data supplied to us by other parties This document contains confidential information and proprietary intellectual property. It should not be shown to other parties without consent from us and from the party which commissioned it. Date: July May 20176 M20 Junction 10a Scheme The M20 Junction 10a Development Consent Order 201[ ] ______________________________________________ STATEMENT OF REASONS ______________________________________________ Planning Act 2008 The Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure) Regulations 2009 Regulation Number Regulation 5(2)(h) Planning Inspectorate Reference TR010006 Application Document HA514442-MMGJV-GEN-SMW-RE- Reference Z-4101 Author Highways England Issue Date Description 1A 15 July 2016 Application submission to PINS B 02 May 2016 Deadline 7 submission CONTENTS Clause Heading Page 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE SCHEME .............................................................................44 3 SCOPE OF COMPULSORY ACQUISITION ........................................................... 1010 4 DESCRIPTION OF LAND AND RIGHTS IN LAND AFFECTED BY THE SCHEME . 1414 5 PURPOSE FOR WHICH COMPULSORY ACQUISITION AND TEMPORARY POSSESSION POWERS ARE SOUGHT ............................................................... 1919 6 JUSTIFICATION FOR SEEKING POWERS OF COMPULSORY ACQUISITION AND TEMPORARY POSSESSION ................................................................................. 2020 7 COMMUNICATIONS AND NEGOTIATIONS WITH OWNERS OF INTERESTS IN LAND ..................................................................................................................... 3333 8 IMPACTS ON STATUTORY UNDERTAKERS ........................................................ 3434 9 HUMAN RIGHTS .................................................................................................... 3838 10 THE PLANNING POLICY POSITION INCLUDING THE VIEW OF GOVERNMENT 4141 11 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS AFFECTING THE LAND ......................................... 4747 12 OTHER CONSENTS REQUIRED IN RELATION TO THE SCHEME.......................5353 13 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................... 5454 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 This Statement of Reasons (this "Statement") relates to an application made by Highways England (the "Applicant") to the Planning Inspectorate, on behalf of the Secretary of State for Transport, under Section 37 of the Planning Act 2008 (the "Application"). 1.2 The Application is for a development consent order (“DCO”) for the M20 Junction 10a scheme (the "Scheme"). A description of the Scheme, including its key features, is provided in Chapter 2 of this Statement. 1.3 The National Policy Statement for National Networks (the "NPS NN") was designated by the Secretary of State for Transport on 14 January 2015. The designated NPS NN states that the Government's strategic policy objective is to deliver improvements in capacity, connectivity and resilience on the national road network to support a prosperous and competitive economy and to improve overall quality of life. These strategic aims are reflected in the objectives of the Scheme, which are to: (a) Increase the capacity of the road network to support and allow the delivery of residential and employment development, either proposed or permitted, within the Ashford growth area. (b) Improve the safety of road users by alleviating congestion around the existing Junction 10 whilst creating the opportunity to enhance local transport facilities for non-motorised users. (c) Provide a new route for traffic into Ashford via a new Junction 10a and dual carriageway link road. (d) Minimise the environmental impact and, where possible, allow enhancements to be made to the environment. (e) Improve journey time reliability on the strategic road network. As is noted above and explained in more detail later in this Statement, the objectives of the Scheme are aligned with the Government's strategic policy objectives relating to the national road network. 1.4 The Scheme is a nationally significant infrastructure project ("NSIP") within Sections 14(1)(h) and 22(1)(b) of the Planning Act 2008 (the "2008 Act"). Under Section 22 an NSIP must fall within one of the three categories specified, which are expressly stated to be alternatives. This Scheme is an “alteration” within the meaning of Section 22(1)(b). The alteration is to the M20 motorway by the creation of a new Junction 10a, which will form part of the motorway, the closure of the eastern slip roads on the nearby existing 1 Junction 10 and the related highway works necessary to allow the new motorway junction to be integrated into the surrounding trunk and classified road network. 1.5 The Scheme satisfies Section 22(3)(a) and (b) in that all the highway involved is wholly in England and Highways England Company Ltd, being a strategic highways authority, is the highway authority for the M20. The relevant area for development under Section 22(3)(c) and (4) is 15 hectares because the highway being altered is a motorway. The Nationally Significant Infrastructure Project Definition Plan (application document 2.14) shows the area for development, namely “the land on which the part of the highway to be altered is situated and any adjoining land expected to be used in connection with its alteration” shaded in yellow. The area for development is 49.7 hectares, which thereby exceeds the 15 hectare threshold. 1.6 As the Scheme is an NSIP, development consent must be obtained from the Secretary of State to authorise it, and an application for a development consent order must be made to the Secretary of State, care of the Planning Inspectorate ("PINS"), under section 37 of the 2008 Act. 1.7 This Statement has been prepared in compliance with the requirements of Regulation 5(2)(h) of the Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure) Regulations 2009 (the "2009 Regulations") and the 'Planning Act 2008: Guidance related to procedures for the compulsory acquisition of land' (DCLG, September 2013) (the "CA Guidance"). This Statement is required because the DCO, if made, would authorise the compulsory acquisition of land, or of interests or rights in land, as well as confer on the Applicant the additional powers below, which are further described in Chapter 3 of this Statement: (a) The creation of private rights over land; (b) The acquisition of subsoil or airspace interests only; (c) The creation of rights under or over streets; (d) The temporary use of land for carrying out the authorised development; and (e) The temporary use of land for maintaining the authorised development. 1.8 This Statement forms part of a suite of documents submitted in support of the Application in accordance with section 55 of the 2008 Act and Regulation 5 of the 2009 Regulations. It should be read alongside those documents and in particular, the following documents which relate to the compulsory acquisition and temporary possession powers sought to enable delivery of the Scheme: 2 (a) The draft DCO (document reference HA514442-MMGJV-GEN-SMW-RE-Z- 3101); (b) The Book of Reference (document reference HA514442-MMGJV-GEN-SMW- RE-Z-4301), containing details of the land proposed to be subject to powers of compulsory acquisition and temporary possession, and including the names and addresses of all known parties who may have an interest in the land that would be affected by the Scheme if development consent was granted and implemented; (c) The Funding Statement (document reference HA514442-MMGJV-GEN-SMW- RE-Z-4201), explaining how the implementation of the DCO will be funded; and (d) The Land Plans (document reference HA514442-MMGJV-GEN-SMW-DE-Z- 2200), showing
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1.1 Ashford Borough Council (ABC); Kent County Council (KCC) Q
    Application by Highways England for an order granting development consent for the proposed M20 Junction 10a. TR01006. Ashford Borough Council’s response to Written Questions. 1.1 Ashford Borough Q Having regard to the criteria listed in para 1.2 of the NPSNN, is there any reason why the Council (ABC); Kent proposed development should not be determined in accordance with the NPSNN County Council (KCC) ABC Answer Ashford Borough Council (ABC) is not aware of any reason why the proposed development should not be determined in accordance with the criteria in paragraph 1.2 of the National Policy Statement for National Networks (NSNN), provided HE addresses the issues ABC raised through it’s relevant representations. 1.2 Applicant; ABC; KCC Q To what extent would the proposed development deliver the objectives of NPSNN to increase the capacity and improve the performance of the Strategic Road Network? ABC Answer Based on the documentation submitted by HE, ABC considers the development will deliver much needed additional capacity and will improve the performance of the Strategic Road Network. The South of Ashford Transport Study (1999) highlighted that the limited available capacity at the existing M20 Junction10 would mean that some development proposals in the then emerging Borough Local Plan 2000 would be unable to be built out unless a new 'Junction10a' could be provided. The council's current adopted development plan - the Core Strategy (2008) and Urban Sites and Infrastructure DPD (2012) place significant weight on the need for Junction10a to be delivered in order for allocated sites to be built out.
    [Show full text]
  • History Get Involved
    The Ashford A Wonderful Place How is the Green The Ashford Green Corridor ` for Wildlife Corridor managed? Green Corridor Faversham Nine out of ten people in the UK live in towns Ashford’s rivers are surprisingly natural considering The rivers, riverbanks, trees, orchards, wetland, a and cities, so green spaces in urban areas are very their urban surroundings. Kingfishers, grass snakes meadows, park areas, playing fields, ponds and M20 important as they provide a pleasant, relaxing and the banded demoiselle damselfly can all be hedges of the Green Corridor demand different environment for people as well as habitat for seen. Singleton Lake is a habitat for wetland birds kinds of management; management which bal- Canterbury Kennington wildlife. Ashford is lucky to have a range of green and Buxford Meadow is wet grassland with an ances wildlife conservation with maintaining good, A20 Orchard Bockhanger spaces, including public parks and recreation impressive range of plants, insects and other safe access and space for people to enjoy. Heights grounds, which link together to create a green species. Water voles are present in the Green corridor through the town. Corridor but they are secretive and generally hard Ashford Great Stour to spot! It is because of these habitats so close to A28 Warren Bybrook where people live that the Green Corridor has been Bybrook Godinton Cemetery designated as a Local Nature Reserve. Park Little Burton Conningbrook WHAT IS A LOCAL NATURE RESERVE? Lakes Local councils designate Local Nature Reserves. They are Walk 5 places of interest for their wildlife, offering opportunities for the enjoyment and study of nature through joining in with local events, education and practical management.
    [Show full text]
  • View CWCS14 Ashford Community Woodland Group
    Ashford Community Woodland GroupADD Kent, England The Research Agency of the A voluntary community group creating and managing a medium sized (15 hectare)Forestry peri Commission-urban woodland on Local Authority land to maintain local landscape and conservation values Ashford Community Woodland Group This case study is one of a set written as part of a Forest Research project. Some case studies are written by the community group, others by researchers who visited and interviewed group members, but they have all been validated and endorsed by the community groups. Forest Research developed a standard method for describing the case studies, outlined in Lawrence and Ambrose-Oji, 2013 “A framework for sharing experiences of community woodland groups” Forestry Commission Research Note 15 (available from www.forestry.gov.uk/publications). The case study comprises three parts: 1. The Group Profile provides essential information about the form and function of the community woodland group. Profiles were prepared following the methodology 2. The Change Narrative which documents key moments in the evolution of the community woodland group with a particular focus on the evolution of engagement and empowerment 3. The Engagement and Impacts Timeline documents milestones in the development of the community woodland group, its woodland and any assumed or evidenced impacts. The case studies collectively provide a resource which documents the diversity and evolution of community woodland groups across Scotland, Wales and England. The method ensures that
    [Show full text]
  • Ashford Green Corridor
    The Ashford A Wonderful Place How is the Green The Ashford Green Corridor ` for Wildlife Corridor managed? Green Corridor Faversham Nine out of ten people in the UK live in towns Ashford’s rivers are surprisingly natural considering The rivers, riverbanks, trees, orchards, wetland, a and cities, so green spaces in urban areas are very their urban surroundings. Kingfishers, grass snakes meadows, park areas, playing fields, ponds and M20 important as they provide a pleasant, relaxing and the banded demoiselle damselfly can all be hedges of the Green Corridor demand different Canterbury environment for people as well as habitat for seen. Singleton Lake is a habitat for wetland birds kinds of management; management which bal- Kennington wildlife. Ashford is lucky to have a range of green and Buxford Meadow is wet grassland with an ances wildlife conservation with maintaining good, A20 Orchard Bockhanger spaces, including public parks and recreation impressive range of plants, insects and other safe access and space for people to enjoy. Heights grounds, which link together to create a green species. Water voles are present in the Green corridor through the town. Corridor but they are secretive and generally hard Ashford Great Stour to spot! It is because of these habitats so close to A28 Warren Bybrook Bybrook where people live that the Green Corridor has been Godinton Cemetery designated as a Local Nature Reserve. Park Little Burton Conningbrook WHAT IS A LOCAL NATURE RESERVE? Lakes Local councils designate Local Nature Reserves. They are Walk 5 places of interest for their wildlife, offering opportunities for the enjoyment and study of nature through joining in with local events, education and practical management.
    [Show full text]
  • May 2014 Mid-Term Report
    KENT ENVIRONMENT STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Mid-term Monitoring May 2014 term Monitoring Report 2014 May - Mid – Kent Environment Strategy Page 1 of 53 Introduction This report represents the mid-term review of the Kent Environment Strategy (KES). The report incorporates progress from across all three themes of the KES, and through the many actions within each theme represents a number of projects, individuals and public authorities. This year’s mid-term review has also included some highlights from a number of local district authorities. This is the last monitoring before a full review of the Strategy is undertaken over the period of September 2014 to June 2015, during which all actions and targets will be updated or amended accordingly, and will also include a review of Climate Local Kent (CLK) targets and incorporate learning from the existing KES and CLK. An overview of the planned review schedule is: • August / September 2014 – Full review of current activity and assessment of European, national and local drivers and activity (PESTEL analysis); • September – December 2014– Workshops and sector conversations to review priorities ; • January 2015 – Draft updated Kent Environment Strategy; • Feb/Mar 2015 – Draft circulated from comment and peer review; term Monitoring Report 2014 May • - April 2015 – Final draft; • Mid June/July 2015 – Sign up across partners (post-election). – Kent Environment Strategy Page 2 of 53 Table of Contents Theme 1 Living within our environmental limits .............................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Likely Environmental Effects of the Development Report 18 November 2020 Confidential
    Sevington Inland Border Facility An Analysis of the Likely Environmental Effects of the Development Report 18 November 2020 Confidential Mott MacDonald mottmac.com Department for Transport Sevington Inland Border Facility An Analysis of the Likely Environmental Effects of the Development Report 18 November 2020 Confidential Mott MacDonald Limited. Registered in England and Wales no. 1243967. Registered office: Mott MacDonald | Confidential | Sevington Inland Border Facility An Analysis of the Likely Environmental Effects of the Development Report Issue and Revision Record Revision Date Originator Checker Approver Description P01 30/10/20 First draft P02 06/11/20 Final for Article 4 submission P03 18/11/20 Revised for final Article 4 submission Document reference: 419419 | 419419-MMD-XX-SV-RP-YE-0002 | P03 Information class: Secure This Report has been prepared solely for use by the party which commissioned it (the 'Client') in connection with the captioned project. It should not be used for any other purpose. No person other than the Client or any party who has expressly agreed terms of reliance with us (the 'Recipient(s)') may rely on the content, information or any views expressed in the Report. This Report is confidential and contains proprietary intellectual property and we accept no duty of care, responsibility or liability to any other recipient of this Report. No representation, warranty or undertaking, express or implied, is made and no responsibility or liability is accepted by us to any party other than the Client or any Recipient(s), as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this Report. For the avoidance of doubt this Report does not in any way purport to include any legal, insurance or financial advice or opinion.
    [Show full text]
  • Advising on Land and Water Management Including Surveys, Monitoring and Plans Work with Local Communities
    The KSCP is the principal organisation conserving, enhancing and promoting the countryside and urban green space of the Stour Valley. It is one of eight countryside/coastal partnerships in Kent and covers the largest area. In 2017/18 the Partnership carried out hundreds of projects from Smarden in the west, to Deal in the east, to Whitstable in the north, and Aldington to the south. The KSCP aligns its objectives with those of its key partners - Ashford Borough Council, Canterbury City Council, the Environment Agency and Kent County Council, without whose support it could not operate. We would like to thank all those involved with the Partnership, and especially our volunteers, for making a real difference to the landscape, wildlife and communities of this part of Kent. Work with local communities Supported 17 site based community groups with practical help managing their land. Brought 20 schools onto sites to carry out educational work, and worked with 22 other community groups. We also launched a three year Our Stour project grant aided by the Heritage Lottery Fund and other partners. We established 50 river wardens by the end of March. Karin Moncrieff, Trust Fundraising Manager, The Caldecott Foundation ‘Dear Debbie and Jo, Well, we got there in the end yester- day! Thank you so, so much for all you did to get the team sorted, supervised and indeed, virtually everything planted. It was a huge achievement and we really did appreciate all your help. I know we couldn't have done it without you. The Swiss Re people have been in touch and they were thrilled with the day, but I think there are a few stiff limbs.
    [Show full text]
  • Ashford Local Plan 2030
    Main Modifications to the Ashford Local Plan 2030 The Main Modifications are set out in plan order. The paragraph numbers and policy references refer to the Submission version of the Local Plan 2030 and do not take account of any other deletions or additions contained within these modifications. An explanation of the modification is provided in italics. Changes to text are expressed in the conventional form of either strikethrough for deletions and underlining for additions of text. Policy wording is shown in bold. Modification LOCAL PLAN MAIN MODIFICATION (MM) number: SECTION/POLICY MM1 Chapter 2 Amend paragraph 2.8 and 2.8.1 text to read: Introduction - Neighbourhood 2.8 This Local Plan sets out the strategic context within which any Neighbourhood Plan (NP) will operate. They must comply with national policy, with EU obligations and Plans human rights requirements and with the strategic policies of the local development plan. For the purposes of neighbourhood planning, all the policies within this local plan are considered strategic, not just those within the strategic policies section. have been assessed using guidance provided in Planning Practice Guidance (PPG) on Neighbourhood Planning (Paras 75 and 76). However, it is likely that some policies may not be ‘strategic’ in all NP circumstances, particularly where the policy may refer to a specific geographical area, site or landscape which is not applicable to that NP area. There is also scope for a NP to be more specific than the Local Plan in relation to some topic policies, and where evidence supports this position. Some smaller site allocations in this plan are not strategic in themselves.
    [Show full text]
  • Ashford Borough Council on Behalf of Head of Culture, As Landowner of Plot 3/14/A and Plot3/14/B and the Proposed Replacement Land
    M20 Junction 10a TR010006 ABC’s Comments as landowner Len Mayatt 16th January 2017 These written representations are submitted by Ashford Borough Council on behalf of Head of Culture, as landowner of Plot 3/14/a and Plot3/14/b and the proposed replacement land. 1 Background 1. These written representations should be read in conjunction with the relevant representations submitted in October 2016. 2. Ashford Borough Council (ABC) recognises the importance and relevance of the proposed new junction. However, as owner of the land, it is important that the scheme works for the local community and the Borough Council. 3. ABC owns plots 3/14/a, 3/14/b 3/14/c and 3/14/d. Plots 3/14/a and 3/14/b form part of the public open space land at Church Road which is used for the purposes of public recreation and enjoyment. 4. This land is also designated as a local nature reserve and forms part of the Ashford Green Corridor. 5. The land at Church Road combines complementary wildlife habitats, such as dense scrub, trees and semi-natural grass areas; children’s play space, including the opportunity for informal pay in a safe and attractive space; visual quality to the immediate residential area, introducing a green element to the residential street environment; forming part of the Public Right Of Way and well used pedestrian route from South Willesborough to Sevington; providing a quiet and relaxing green space where people enjoy informal sport and contact with nature and fresh air. 6. As part of the DCO Highways England (HE) wishes to permanently acquire by compulsory acquisition Plot 3/14/b., which forms part of the public open space at Church Road.
    [Show full text]
  • M20 Junction
    M20 Junction 10a TR010006 Comments on Relevant Representations Revision A Planning Act 2008 Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure) Regulations 2009 Volume 10.7 January 2017 M20 Junction 10a TR010006 Comments on Relevant Representations Planning Act 2008 Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure) Regulations 2009 Volume 10.7 Date: January 2017 Comments on Relevant Representations M20 Junction 10a TR010006 Issue and revision record Revision Date Originator Checker Approver Description A January 2017 Mott MacDonald Mott MacDonald Highways England DCO submission (deadline 3) Sweco Sweco AECOM This document is issued for the party which commissioned it We accept no responsibility for the consequences of this and for specific purposes connected with the above-captioned document being relied upon by any other party, or being used project only. It should not be relied upon by any other party or for any other purpose, or containing any error or omission used for any other purpose. which is due to an error or omission in data supplied to us by other parties This document contains confidential information and proprietary intellectual property. It should not be shown to other parties without consent from us and from the party which commissioned it. HA514442-MMGJV-GEN-SMW-RE-Z-10701 Revision A Comments on Relevant Representations M20 Junction 10a TR010006 Content Chapter Title Page Content 1 1. Applicant’s Comments on Relevant Representations 3 1.1 RR-001 _______________________________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Consultation Statement and AONB Responses
    High Weald AONB Management Plan 2019-24 Consultation Statement Produced November 2018 Public Understanding & Enjoyment workshop Image ©Matt Pitts For Further information please contact: High Weald AONB Unit Woodland Enterprise Centre Hastings Road Flimwell, East Sussex TN5 7PR 01424 723011 1 1. Introduction The High Weald AONB Management Plan is subject to a 5 year review cycle and work to review the Plan began in March 2017. A crucial part of the review process is consultation and engagement, and the decision was taken to start this at an early stage to ensure the revised draft incorporated as many different peoples’ views from the outset as possible. The engagement and consultation process may be divided into three broad parts: 1. Expert engagement 2. Public engagement 3. Formal public consultation This report provides an overview of the entire consultation and engagement process, as well as the method used to complete each stage. The table below shows how the consultation and engagement elements of the review (highlighted in green) fit into the wider Management Plan review process. High Weald AONB Management Plan Review Timetable Dec 2016 Scoping review Feb 2017 Issues & principles report presented to OSG Mar 2017 Scope of review approved by MB & JAC Apr 2017 Statutory consultees alerted May 2017 Expert engagement July 2017 Public engagement July 2017 Performance and Condition Monitoring July 2017 Plan redrafting Oct 2017 Progress report to JAC Jan 2018 Consultation draft produced Mar 2018 JAC agree Consultation Draft June-July 2018 Formal public consultation Aug 2018 Amendments and modifications Sep-Oct 2018 Final draft agreed by OSG & MB Nov 2018 Final draft agreed by Joint Advisory Committee Dec-Mar 2018 Local Authority committee processes Mar 2019 Plan sent to Secretary of State for formal adoption Apr 2019 Adoption May 2019 Dissemination and distribution The following sections outline the methods used for engagement and consultation in the expert engagement workshops, the public engagement online questionnaire and the formal public consultation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Kent Heritage Trees Project Evaluation Report September 2016 I Am a Tree by Molly Nobbs Contents Introduction
    The Kent Heritage Trees Project Evaluation report September 2016 I AM A TREE by Molly Nobbs Contents Introduction ............................................................................... 3 I am a tree. Kent’s tree heritage ...............................................................4 I am an old tree. I have heard many things. Aims and achievements ..................................................... 5 Quantitative monitoring summary ...............................19 I have heard The first cry of a newborn baby The people ..............................................................................24 And the last laugh of an old man. The trees ...................................................................................29 I have heard A story told through generations, The website & app ................................................................31 The first song sung by a bird at the Project profile and publicity ............................................35 start of a new era And the final battle cry of a terrible Qualitative evaluation ....................................................... 36 war. Summary of lessons learnt .............................................38 I have heard the prayer of a traveller, Future opportunities – what happens next? .........40 The language of a foreigner And the swish of a paintbrush as a Appendices ............................................................................. 42 masterpiece is created. Appendix I Tree-Searcher resources for I have heard the crackling of the
    [Show full text]