Conservation Area Character Appraisal & Management Plan August 2021

DRAFT FOR PUBLIC CONSULTATION

Contents

FOREWORD 4

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Milstead Conservation Area...... 5 1.2 The Purpose of Conservation Areas...... 5 1.3 The Purpose and Status of this Character Appraisal...... 5

2.0. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA 2.1 Summary of Significance and Special Interest...... 7 2.2 Geographic character and Historical Development...... 8 2.3 Topography Geology and Landscape Setting...... 19 2.4 Character Appraisal...... 24

3.0. CONSERVATION AREAS MANAGEMENT STRATEGY 3.1. Planning Policy and Guidance ...... 51 3.2. Buildings at Risk...... 52 3.3. Condition and Forces for Change...... 52 3.4. Management Objectives and Approach...... 53 3.5. Conservation Area Objectives and Priorities for Management and Action...... 54

APPENDICES Appendix 1: Extracts from the National Heritage List for (the Statutory List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest)...... 61 Appendix 2: Proposed amendments to Milstead Conservation Area boundary...... 64 Appendix 3: Relevant legislation, national and local policy & strategies...... 67 Appendix 4: Select Bibliography and Document Extracts...... 71 Appendix 5: Acknowledgements...... 71 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 3 the adoption oftheSwale Heritage Strategy 2020-2032.” This isoneofaseriesconservation area reviews whichtheBorough Counciliscommitted to undertaking, following now seekingconstructive feedback on. Milstead Conservation Area andtheresults ofthat review are set outinthisdocument, which theBorough Councilis places where peoplewant to live, work, andmake themost oftheirleisure time.To that end,we have reviewed the wants to seeitused positively asacatalyst to sustainable, sensitive regeneration anddevelopment, andto creating Swale Borough isfortunate inhaving sucharichandvaried mixofbuiltandnatural heritage. TheBorough Council harmed orlost altogether. the Borough Councilthemeansto positively manage change andto protect what isspecialaboutthearea from being Conservation areas are notintended to haltprogress orto prevent change. Rather, they give thelocal community and developments. Conservation area designation and subsequent management isoneway inwhichthiscan beachieved. generations andto make sure that they are notcompromised by unsympathetic alterations orpoorquality As acommunity andasalocal authority, we have aresponsibility to safeguard ourhistoric assets for future identify with. “Historic buildingsandplacesaddto thequalityofpeople’s lives andhelpto create asenseofplacethat we all FOREWORD Swale Borough CouncilHeritage Champion Cabinet Member for Planningand Councillor Mike Baldock, 4 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN 1.0 INTRODUCTION Conservation Area status provides extra protection in the following ways:

1.1. Milstead Conservation Area • Local planning authorities have control over most demolition of buildings. • Local authorities have extra control over householder development. Milstead Conservation Area was first designated on20 April 1973.Since this date it has had no supporting Appraisal and the boundary has not been reviewed until this • Special provision is made to protect trees. report. • When assessing planning applications, the Local Planning Authority It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3.5 miles) south of town centre. The is required to pay special attention to the desirability of preserving or small nucleated village is comprised of a small group of buildings clustered around enhancing the character or appearance of the Conservation Area and the Church and manor house. its setting. • Policies in the Local Development Plan positively encourage development which preserves or enhances the character or appearance 1.2 The Purpose of Conservation Areas of Conservation Areas.

Conservation Areas were first introduced in the Civic Amenities Act of 1967. A Conservation Area is defined as “an area of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance” (s.69(1)(a) of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990). It is context of historical growth and development. Above all however, Conservation Areas the responsibility of individual Local Planning Authorities to designate and review should be cohesive areas in which buildings and spaces create unique environments Conservation Areas using local criteria to determine and assess their special qualities that are of special architectural or historic interest. and local distinctiveness. Conservation Areas provide for additional Controls over owners and landowners The aim of Conservation Area designation is to protect historic places and to assist in activities. positively managing change, so that their significance is safeguarded and sustained. Areas may be designated for their architecture, historic layout, use of characteristic or local materials, style, or landscaping. In accordance with the four types of heritage 1.3 The Purpose and Status of this Character Appraisal values set out in the core Historic England guidance document (Conservation Principles: Policies &Guidance. Communal values – which are those derived from the meaning of a place for people who relate to it, or for whom it figures in their collective A Conservation Area Character Appraisal is a written record and assessment of experience or memory – will be of particular relevance to this Conservation Area the special architectural or historic interest which gives rise to the character and given the linkages between place names and remnants of bygone uses in the wider

appearance of a place. The appraisal is a factual and objective analysis which seeks PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 5 (Section 72). the desirabilitypreserving of the characteror enhancing orappearancethe area of (Listed Conservation are The and local been CharacterThis Appraisalis supplementary to theSwale BoroughLocal It has Plan. Plans, Village DesignStatements, andindividualsin design choices. of determining It canappeals. planning heighten also awareness characterof the special decisions Plan An andmitigatingminimising, negative impactsidentified asaffecting thearea. plan guidance preservation Additionally, necessitates. building some a The not betaken to implythat itisnotofinterest. should space feature or building, anyparticular of omission the that and inclusive, character.its special to whole the identify appraisal to the statutory appraisal would policies, planning prepared cases, place provide Buildings Borough is and and by subject the be to serves significance or the as site-specific the an policy duty Area to is help distinctiveness the in a enhancement Council the reinforce and effect material appraisal to the Local as of inform necessary boundary and It should be noted, however, that the appraisal cannot be all- be cannot appraisalhowever, noted,the thatbe should It the vehicle Conservation a local context basis of itself, Planning guidance rigorous may design the consideration any local planning can for for of only positive all background of of impacts in Parish both a understanding statements of an include the assessment accordance provided place Authority, be Areas) which area the authorities relevant Councils fully character which by in formulation by are management Act the defining identified by to, where means set and that bear 1990, central making with national in and both of with out the an by a appropriate. negatively of the framework Section historic in and and formulation individual the at regards government, the policies, of Appendix legislation attributes such development evaluation proposals to significance Planning pay area 69(2) time to on action planning for, The special 3 conservation as of its that of and as Historic of well of a objective Neighbourhood Inspectorate to significance. this a points, review of Development management the contribute national feature attention ensure as application document. an avoiding, Planning England, area design of of areas or and this the the as to to In in a the Management In material consideration inthedevelopment management process. Planning consultation light above of Authority, stated the period Strategy way context that they of a documents the minimum then and production are have also of (such sufficient 21 subject of days, as Conservation this weight to following one) public or are scrutiny formal gravitas Area developed Character adoption via to form a and statutory a by Appraisal prepared significant the public Local in & 6 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN 2.0. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA

2.1 Summary of Significance and Special Interest

• Roman finds in the vicinity of the church suggests that there is potential • The Old Rectory built 1834 and associated grounds – a fine example of for further Roman archaeology regency style, association with glebe lands to the west • Archaeological potential for Saxon and Medieval archaeology • Locally important buildings Trotts House, The Coachhouse & Manor Cottage, Little Danes and the Cricket Pavilion with score box. • Location of the village on a small ridge of land within an area of fields surrounded by a circle of ancient and semi-natural woodland 1 km in • Locally important built features including church lychgate and coffin diameter rest/shelter and walls to Manor on Road. • 12th/early 13th century origins to the village with the establishment of • Shared public realm along lanes/roads with a lack of pavements and a small nucleated village created by the clearance by assarting of ancient modern street infrastructure woodland • Sense of enclosure with high brick walls, clipped yew hedges, mature • Church with 12th century origins and surviving 12th century and 15th trees and planting along Manor Road and southern end of Frinsted Road. century fabric set within an oval graveyard • Milstead Conservation Area is notable partly due to its lack of open • Manor House with 13th century origins and surviving 16th century space with important exceptions fabric • Historic fields on west side with pre 1840 mature wooded boundaries • Hoggeshaws a distinctive Wealden house dating to 1450 and surviving Shaw • Group of nationally important vernacular buildings dating from the • Historic links to the Tylden Family and their relationship with all the key 16th to the 17th centuries (Amelia Cottage, Manor Farmhouse, Wisteria historic buildings Cottage and The Cottage. • A long history of cricket since 1857 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 7 steep valleys dry mostly runningSW-NE. forms The 2.2 Geographic character andHistorical Development Conservation a gently rolling Area chalk lies within plateau. the dip This slope dip of slope the is North interspersed Downs whose with landform relatively 8 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 9 Early Palaeolithic artefacts but thesedonottend to bewell stratified. Head/solifluction gravel • Residual depositsofclay-with-flint • Moderately common lower-level post-Anglian fluvialdeposits • • types ofdeposit(Woban Smithet Al2010ibid25): There varying thicknessesofslopewash, gravel andcolluvial brickearth and , of undisturbed gently older from sites may representartefacts single from ageologicalthat deposit gathered material also recovered The resource for theearly Palaeolithicis formed of areas where evidence hasbeen Resource (Pope et.al 2011last revised 2019). resource research Swale Prehistoric andRoman Context Milstead the southern be a loessic as deposits. Chalk are wide buried Abundant Coombe/Headdeposits sources a (Woban-Smith framework whole is within from area all since associated deposits. chalk around by Others natural of is whilst the their steady noted related dip has North (generally the forming; burial. et may with geological for slopes undertaken Wealden accumulation al biological Downs its 2010 contain residual Residual concentration are perhaps mapped revised deposits, dip Basin; dissected an dense and deposits slope Clay-with-flints in-depth including of 2019), as and palaeo-environmental fine ‘brickearth”) accumulations of most in in by of Palaeolithic the and some sediments, appraisal numerous clay-with derived often region Late places, deposits lithics Palaeolithic are material of evidence. of flint. of dry which also Sittingbourne particularly the Palaeolithic These cap information. valleys, These present. early from the have The and locations high can pre-existing Palaeolithic south-east north-east Mesolithic filled remained Northern material four contain ground Some with can key valleys andinhollows inthe landscape. Many outcrops are too minorto berepresented general, Regarding There ditches parishes evidence The There isalsoasimilarpotential for Neolithicflint scatters. flintwork across theChalk. There excavated surface forms; axes/adzes generally that common Regarding et.al 2011:6). deposits likely that many outcrops remainunrecorded. riverin same Headdeposits The valley area associated important in geological wider these between is is however,

identified a collection, these can for is across general carried therefore Mesolithic the collections, remains. forms with landscape are scarce. Bronze be mapping, Rainham Coombe/Head

colluvial generally the resources Levalloisian it very picture were from must and Age There Chalk In continued (c9600 was far which the produced and but and deposits that Aerial of also regarded by is and known of widespread area Iron these Sittingbourne mobile material

a microlithic

to Late are be deposits particularly Photographs smattering 4000 Age potential of occur borne few from to unmapped Pleistocene as Sittingbourne, archaeology hunter-gatherer be Cal relating and occurring to at deposition, flint in settled pieces BC) the is the mind of for noticeable far rich within ‘quarried’ evidence, undated deposits west, to base between palaeo-environmental dense might by in in that within the Head/ the the inverse presumably 3 of north groups lower/middle most km in be accumulations slopes, middle from ring also Coombe/ Milstead finds (Jacobi Kent. Gravel of better and proportion such have ditches, (Jacobi the the of on It Bronze east deriving 1978, and core has outcrops find chalk represented Conservation Head great valley-sides, Palaeolithic. of 1978). the been enclosures deposits spots axes/adzes Age. of 18) the but to potential deposits from surrounding microlithic Mesolithic where suggested (ibid.15).” village. Flint were However relate human within in (Pope Area. core and The it not dry are are for to In is 10 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN agricultural activity, by the late Bronze Age, suggesting Bronze Age field systems and TIMELINE OF KEY HISTORIC DATES AND EVENTS related settlement sites would have been present. The evidence for these could (Based on Jordan 2001 Strolling through Milstead) survive as cropmarks. In general, evidence for the Bronze Age and earlier Iron Age is lacking in the area.

Milstead is likely to follow the pattern of large-scale landscape colonisation in the late Iron Age as seen in Kent generally (Allen et.al.: 2013 revised 2019).

With the invasion of the Romans after AD43 it is widely accepted that a client kingdom was rapidly established which was probably absorbed into the Roman province by the end of the 1st century AD. The Watling Street, which is 5 km to the north of Milstead, quickly became a focus of Roman activity in the landscape focusing on the creeks and fleets which ran northwards down towards , and agricultural exploitation of the chalk dip slope to the south. Roman activity in the landscape has influenced the present day pattern of settlement and tracks/roads in the parishes. Roman evidence relates to the discovery of a 2nd century AD cremation site in Milstead churchyard. This consisted of a cinerary urn and glass phial. [Note is the urn still in the church?] TQ 90375880. This fits the wider known pattern of Roman settlement and exploitation of the landscape to the south of Watling Street following dry valleys onto the higher chalk downland. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 11 sits today. settled place”, been basis The passing to theCrown and then WilliamtheConqueror at theNormanConquest.. during of was The (Thomas 2013inSouthEast Research Framework). contacts the of cemeteries assemblages subsequently differences which The Germanic migrants. during Most present day Brief overviewhistoric of development fromthe parish of the5thcentury tothe influences minster parish fluid collected, Milton Anglo-Saxon a archaeologists for had with focus the but the with the cultural of its churches. of estate Late gradually relate 5th a Milstead of for (also Mediaeval revised. focus the the palace whose the century seasonal Anglo-Saxon 5th social geography continental was to drawing of 6th would long-term century. at Milton between monolithic has In settlement a and system Milton. pattern Kent, royal were been pannage, now upon 7th developed of homelands The the period. vill, identified the triggered development the was agree centuries It of Saxon, forming ethnic persistent cultural should an settlement. 5th a Anglo-Saxon based possible estate that These and into Frisian groups as had by at be is diversity the on being the already ‘Jutish’ 10th centre fully-fledged a noted was core in derivation distinct farms substantial and Milstead shaping slight of world intricately part centuries Anglo-Saxon which strand ‘Jutes’ that Frankish where apparent and ridge of cultural and an a notions for parish

comes

hamlets or 5th is and the evolving of and linked became the but its impulses). incipient in land century transitions royal name ‘Saxons’ may lands one sustained the role to that to where and define Kentish first-generation of more fyrd(food-rent) the have that being these ‘Jutish subsequently urban a became This multiplicity foundation have the witnessed sustained the originally regularly influx “middle identity cultural reflects estate’, centre village grave been the of Map Three: The5thCentury Anglo-Saxon estate centred onMilton 12 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Milstead is not referenced in Domesday, and the first written record dates to the 1100s. Its written history can be more firmly traced from the second half of the 13th century. Despite this there are hints as to the origins of the village from the surviving landscape seen today and from historic mapping. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 13 which issummarisedbelow inTable One. is width) upland attenuated commonly fields, Some andahedgeboundary would beplanted just insidetheditch (2000:23). assarts Muir, how andwhere medieval farmers encroached ontheforests” (1975:95) often “In assarting: Taylor and large landowners. many scales anda variety of peoplewere involved from smalllandholders to nobles woodland broadest Clearance through aprocess ofclearance ofancient woodland known as‘assarting’ The good spite historic in bounded of in like and

were

Sussex his evidence his the sense of or in include ridding, discussion associated belts seminal much often mapping assarting field- the

and it by Medieval of reflects available required later thick trees names Kent” rod deciduous study on considerably shows with alteration, or and along fieldwork the of These associated and for sart. to woodland botanically English expansion that enclose with the woodland early Muir Shaws the in form the shrubs changed fields landscape post with them (ibid:24) historic modern clearance of are rich and that described like Medieval pasture assarts as the often hedges characteristics hazel fields; border settlement history, identities pattern woodland is readily as and and period. the perched a “that much many ditch ploughland describes field countryside of identify that patterns of characterised irregularly could as Assarting of of maple. on Milstead two likely a the large how type mark the at of fields rods Therefore associated assarts the England. took the shapes, origins banks, of the was expense (33 as by landscape holders property place created seen in shaws, feet shows of there fields In Kent with the on its of of in in Table the church and theManorHouse. Historically Shaw. Note thenameStubbingsisacharacteristic nameassociated withassarts. including larger woodland.the westernOn the villageof side severalthese Shawsof survive to village, the Wood woodlanddiameter.1 km in woodland The largeincludes areasas Mintching such The village ofMilstead anditsconservation area andwithinitsimmediate surroundings. This boundaries associated withShaws andwoodland belts. Kentish Historic assarts inKent fields smaller village is One: and very the Landscape. indicating assarts Horn Kingsdown sits 1840s much the ribbon Evidence within Mill settlement are tithe the the of They Shaw, therefore pattern woodland an Wood for map creation open provide enclosure a of reveals to small of

area Milstead the a over landscape to a distinctive the mosaic area surrounded north a pattern time in west can of former east, of of change wood be called of a and distinctive pattern Hogshaw Shaws by first wooded known significant a which Bottom circle identified (or of fields Wood can fields belts as of settings: Pond ancient Stumbles feature be with through of to from seen woods. woodland) the mature characteristics and a of south both former and the Closer semi-natural parts within woodland Stubbings history as adjacent area well of to the the the as of of of 14 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Regarding the church it can be traced to the reign of King John (1166 -1216) which fits with the surviving 12th century building fabric. Halsted gives this information Wealden Style Timber Framed and their significance The church of Milsted was given by King John to Wydon the clerk, who held it, as The Wealden House is a distinctive medieval structural type, found most appears by the Testa de Nevill, in the next reign of king Henry III. Whether he was lord commonly in Kent and Sussex, for which the name ‘recessed-’ likewise of Milsted manor I have not found; but from the next reign of King Edward I. is also used. It is characterised by having an open hall flanked by floored, to the present time, this church seems to have had the same possessors, and as such, jettied end-bays, all under a single roof. Because the wall plate is aligned the advowson of it is now the property of Richard Tylden, esq. of Hoggeshaws .1 with the front walls of the end bays, it ‘flies’ over the hall, where it is usually braced from the corner posts of the end bays, giving the distinctive Appendix 4 contains the full extract from Halsted’s 1798 History and Topographical ‘recessed’ hall appearance. The term ‘Wealden’ apparently came into survey. use among members of the Vernacular Architecture Group in the 1950s, reflecting the concentration of examples in the Kentish Weald. As well as This manor house was known as early as the reign of Edward I (1272-1307) when it the classic form (illustrated), with a hipped roof and two- hall, varieties was owned by Thomas Abelyn. It was in the possession of John Le Suvage c. 1294 of Wealden houses exist; these include houses with one-bay halls, and when he gained a grant of free-warren. During reign of Edward III, it is associated with with gabled rather than hipped roofs. Most important are the half- the family name of Hoggeshaw (which gives it name to the Listed Building known as Wealdens, which have only one end bay. Vernacular Architecture Group Hoggeshaw, and at various times in the past to the manor and village as a whole). (VAG) (2012) Wealden Houses Database [data-set]. York: Archaeology [See Map Five: Historical Development] Note Historical Development relates to Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1011977 evidence for past land uses not current land use This is followed by vernacular buildings from the 15th century onwards with one It can be deduced therefore that by the 12th/early 13th century we have the Wealden style timber framed hall known as Hoggeshaws dating to the 15th century establishment of a small, nucleated village created by the clearance by assarting immediately to the west of the church and other examples of 16th and 17th century of ancient woodland located on a small spur of land. The earliest built fabric in the houses including the 16th century Manor House being built to the south of the church parish is associated with the Parish Church in the 12th century. either side of Frinsted Road. There is one small 17th century house known as Rose Cottage, to the north of the church, which acts as an outlier.

The manor is known to have passed into the Tylden family, after the construction of the 16th century manor house, and their descendants retained it until 1949. The manor was a school in the mid-1930s until it returned to private hands in 1949. 1 Edward Hasted, ‘Parishes: Milsted’, in The History and Topographical Survey of the The 1840 tithe map for the parish provides a snapshot of the development of the County of Kent: Volume 6 (, 1798), pp. 107-112. British History Online http:// village at this time with the manor house and its associated formal gardens and the www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol6/pp107-112 [accessed 4 February 2021]. church at the centre of the village. The manor house was associated with substantial MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 15 additional income. from theworking yardsfarm;and economic and the Manorgeneratedas leasing style; been which retaining including gardens Using were backinTheCottage withtheManor again leased. were the residence onwards) relationship farm Hoggeshaws, it became valueless. was surviving the and Advowson in gardens of By yards andproductive gardens andorchards onitssouthandeast side. the the this manor family. about to the personal bailiff resident practical, the gift was church date, and associated immediately control Tylden, the and between of 1840 (and gained was The during between yards the the be the wood, built preference back the

leased, for right could tithe abolished, rectory Tylden of it building from with Manor. the The on is example glebe the in and of thought surrounding The as therefore the glebe 19th and cottages Cottage the working family was Advowson a The lands). orchard Cottage Manor with The guide, and they surrounding century. the being lands Cottage in who Tylden the many and determine to areas other resided 1924, Indeed, this and (a adjacent it, and the easier was surviving as the substantial Another and may holders lease stayed relating family substantial well west. when again Manor acquired land. in the the to have The as who to of All heat; the fabric associated living appears there of thisright land the The important to the throughout the been Cottage of had house right the by property manor the reasons more on Manor was manor in until the easier the Manor to properties the the to dating but on with living tranquil historical at have Julian lands sell therefore north building,

Farmhouse. for included the several in to least by House the the maintain formal from this related fluctuated the 19th also Family side 1861. in advowson village, as pattern association 1851 occasions the the and was held sold it century. only it and of to was from in 17th villages In The the Manor used census the to the the the productive their 1881 on before may removed the revenue Tyldens’ for the century In right current rectory kept formal by is were main 1840 have west road cash they they last the the of in Emily was undertaking sketches intheparishby 1879. must Georgiana Howard In garden withavineandpear-tree trained round itscasements” which house It dined withtheTyldens at Milstead Parsonage”. Jane It A JaneAusten connection 1891 is seems have understood

Austen the (formerly known she Howard. been likely Manor described regularly today a that locally long-standing Dean was Both as the as stayed the leased that of mother parsonage “a Cottage Lichfield), compact the at by relationship well-known Milstead and Henrietta (historically mentioned daughter tight along Parsonage parsonage between Howard, Late with Milstead were in C18/early her her and keen the the enclosed unmarried book Cottage wrote Tyldens widow

amateur C19 ‘Persuasion’ in English in – of and built daughter its her the artists. own Howards letters c.1600), novelist Rev. is neat the There Emily John “I as 16 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN In 1870-72, John Marius Wilson’s Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Milstead as follows: A History of Cricket MILSTEAD, a village and a parish in Milton district, Kent. The village stands 3½ miles The village has a proud history of Cricket with the Cricket Club founded in 1857. S of Sittingbourne r. station, and has a post office under Sittingbourne. The parish The club moved to its current ground in c.1945. The photo below shows a comprises 1,216 acres. Real property, £1,626. Pop., 245. Houses, 43. The property match. Manor Farmhouse can be seen in the background is subdivided. The manor, with the Manor House, belongs to Rev. William Tvlden. The living is a rectory in the diocese of Canterbury. Value, £250. * Patron, the Rev. H. Hilton. The church is mainly early English, includes transition Norman portions, and is in good condition. Charities, £251. During the 19th century the population of Milstead parish remained very stable from 189 people in 1801 to 206 in 1901 indeed this pattern continued into the 20th century. In 1831 there were 214 people living in 30 households. Amongst the 50 men aged 20 or over in occupation there were 5 landowners employing labourers and 30agricultural labourers. Agricultural labourers therefore made up 60% of the workforce with 74% of working men involved in agriculture in some form.

In 1881, 256 people lived in the parish in 53 households. There were 61 men of working age of whom 50 (81%) worked in agriculture. Women of working age (71) either worked within their own households (63%) or were in domestic service (30%). The 1881 census tells us that Richard Tylden, principal landowner, directly employed 18 men, 2 boys and their families. Old time cricket match --this match was actually in July 1951 and was a 19th At the turn of the 20th century, the parish and settlements remained rural in nature century style cricket match between Milstead and Valeswood-- a North Kent with activity focusing on arable production, pasture and fruit farming. club, played to celebrate the Festival of Britain and attended by Mr and Mrs William Finlay , President of the M.C.C (Marylebone Cricket Club) who planted a commemorative oak at the village hall (still there) and hoisted the first flag of 1 GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, History of Milstead, in Swale and Kent | Map and description, A Vision of Britain through Time. the cricket club of Milstead (still in use) URL: http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/6361 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 17 the number of people and households fromhouseholds and people the numberof 1961 in 61 households in 179people the It was from the1970s onwards that theagricultural links between the residents and led to themoving ofonetheparish sideroads. the which Notable land Red bisected

Lion developments surrounding pub, the Lion village them Farm in the in were and

20th 1958, finally Rawlings century effectively severed. Street include divorcing Farm The the parish construction on the Rawlings as sub-hamlet a whole of Street M2 has focused motorway . This doubled also on As and detached individualdwellings andbungalows. through toMilstead2011. Within in 118 283 people in households villagehas occurred this travel to Sittingbourne andelsewhere for many oftheirrequirements. with agriculture of the 2011, the closure and construction most

forestry. of inhabitants the shop/post The of small village do housing office not pub work at continues developments Milstead the land, to in trade 1997, with (typically on residents only Rawlings 6% 6 houses employed now Street, need or less) but to in 18 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN 2.3 Topography Geology and Landscape Setting

The local topography matches this general pattern, the village sits on a slight north- south spur of land with the land rising gradually to the north of the village. On the western side the land slopes down to a dry valley which runs SW-NE.

Local topography, bedrock and superficial geology at Milstead. Note the topography is vertically exaggerated by 3x.

Landscape Setting Natural England, with assistance from Historic England, has mapped and described the landscape character of England which has been divided into 159 National Character Bedrock Geology at Milstead Areas. The Milstead Conservation Area lies within area 119. North Downs. The village sits within the Seaford Chalk Formation. This is sedimentary bedrock Further valuable landscape character assessment work has been undertaken at the formed approximately 84 to 90 million years ago in the Cretaceous Period – this local level by the Borough Council resulting in the publication of the Swale Landscape bedrock forms a large swathe of land on the lower dip slope of the Kent Downs. Character and Biodiversity Appraisal (2011) Milstead sits near the transition to the Nodular Chalk Formation to the south.

The Milstead Conservation Areas falls within the overarching Fruit Belt Landscape The centre of the village is on a spur of land associated with superficial deposits of Character Area. The relevant LCT is Dry Valleys and Downs. Milstead lies on the junction clay-with-flints formed up to 23 million years ago. That ridge is surrounded to the of two local Landscape Character Areas: number 40 and Milstead Dry north, east and west by head deposits of clay-silt, sand and gravel. The shallow valley Valleys (to the west) and number 38 Milstead and Kingsdown Mixed Farmlands (to to the west has been eroded to reveal the Seaford Chalk below as well as a narrow the east). finger of the Lewes Nodular Chalk Formation beneath. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 19 information. Below and …… located Area South Landscape Description • • arable • • • Traditional parklandestates • areas • • • Key Characteristics [thoserelevant to theCAare underlined] Extract from is century cottages. Many vernacular style buildings Historic villages andcountry houses, scattered farmsteads andtwentieth Narrow lanes,generally enclosedbutoccasionally opento adjacent Views enclosedby woodland, shelterbelts andhedgerow chestnut coppice Large tracts ofancient woodland, containing significant areas ofsweet Small to large-scale irregularly shapefields,openarable fields,small Soils largely clay-with-flints withsmallpockets ofchalk,head Gently undulating NorthDowns dipslope Pugin’s StCatherine’s Church sitsisolated intheopenlandscape

of of fruitproduction withstrong network ofmature shelterbelts

an of fields to Outstanding extract the https://www.swale.gov.uk/local-planning-guidance/ the 38. Milstead andKingsdown Mixed Farmlands M2, south from the Natural of the landscape the relevant M2 Beauty. approximately is LCT nationally This descriptions is an midway designated area detailing of between gently as the the undulating Sittingbourne most Kent Downs pertinent land

establishedassist thus and maintaining in the fabric the landscape.of areSome ancient woodlandare managed forfor thepurposes they which were originally strongly coherent Milstead Condition Moderate Twentieth century dwellings are alsopresent, buttheirextent islimited. and mixedof agelocalin and vernacular style are foundhere. Timberframed houses farmsteads, set which internal become of some the generally by This production ofsweet chestnut poles.…. Large are well maintainedcontainand mixed coniferousand deciduous species. in A large the small, well-maintained historic in is barns; degree areas an past, in private

proportion fragmented field influenced places area and landscape medium been brick fabric associated small are field boundaries Kingsdown of parkland, are enlarged managed mixed and hamlets of enlargement. and of by more of and shelterbelts the weatherboard the the mixed with farming, large-scale lost landscape, large Mixed as intact. and and in landscape traditional large within the a land small occasionally result country with As Farmlands Settlement traditional of parkland use, irregularly arable a its historic poplar as isolated is result, of function woodlands woodland with well houses agricultural fields. estates. supplement villages. are Kentish and is a the as small-scale shaped unique limited of flint in without Standard landscape alder. large and and moderate Woodlands, manner Many churches intensification. character to fields. lanes much estates. Elsewhere lane orchards, large associated oaks traditional contains have for of Hedgerows condition. side are country indicate Large this some that the restricted surrounded hedgerows, all fields is, rotational a parkland, However, has buildings tracts present. ancient, mixture houses former or It been have have was is to of a 20 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN designated for their nature conservation value. ….. • Enlarged arable fields are enclosed by numerous small to medium scale woodlands, some used for the production of coppiced timber The built environment is generally in very good condition but some of the more modern residential properties have detracting features within their external • Occasional isolated areas of well managed orchard environment, which impacts locally on the rural character. Large agricultural barns stand out in the open arable landscape. The M2 has little visual impact • Several small villages with historic buildings at the centre and enclosed by where it is crossed by minor roads and within woodland blocks. ….. 20th century infill • An enclosed landscape with isolated long views from strategic high points

Sensitivity Moderate • Strong sense of remoteness in some areas, particularly given the close proximity to the urban boundary

This is an area of moderate sensitivity. It is a very distinct landscape with large blocks of woodland and traditional parkland estates as well as small areas of fruit Landscape Description production. The historic villages and hamlets as well as the country houses all add to the unique character. The undulating landscape and enclosure provided by mature vegetation create a moderately visible landscape although there are South of the M2, the landscape is nationally designated as the Kent Downs some long views. Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. This is an area of dramatically sloping topography. It is essentially a dry chalk valley with slopes rising steeply on either side to form rounded ridgelines. Within the valley bottom chalk and head Extract from 40. Rodmersham and Milstead Dry Valley deposits extend along the valley floor. Overlying the chalk are the rich soils of the Bagshot, Thanet and Woolwich bed drift deposits. Further south the higher ground of the North Downs dip slope is typically clay-with-flints. Access is good, with the narrow lanes, cutting along the valley floor and ridges, and a network of Key Characteristics more meandering lanes traversing the valley slopes. The M2 also cuts across the • Dry chalk valley, sloping steeply on either side to adjacent ridges valley and its elevated position divides this character area north-south. Whilst the motorway is generally well screened by mature tree planting it is visually • Mixed geology of chalk overlain by drift deposits and clay-with-flints on prominent where it straddles the valley bottom as a high bridge. Throughout the the North Downs dip slope valley blocks of small to medium-scale woodland are found scattered across the • Many narrow lanes traverse the valley. The M2 motorway that divides the slopes and valley floor. ….. As a result, the scale of fields in the valley has generally area north-south is generally well screened despite its elevated position been enlarged, despite the obvious topographic constraints. Internal field boundaries have been lost or hedgerows have become fragmented and over- MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 21 tend to beset backfrom theroad andare generally well screened. had biodiversity, woodland result are Woodland rural The with chestnut paleorpost andwire fencing. managed, areas apparently The Condition Moderate landscape islargely enclosedby topography andvegetation. ….. have Buildings development houses. framed historic or enclose that surround mature, over-mature distinct a M2 landscape landscape, become moderate that of vernacular properties, However, views. but motorway agricultural are blocks but blocks, are and intact, a remain. therefore sense has these arable fields. fragmented where These locally

and diverse. impact is which means species whilst taken generally numerous building flint bridge of unclipped. Settlements intensification. hedgerows fragmented, poor. enclosure mixed on attracts These churches, that place a rich the number is into styles Many

in many an in elements hedgerows traditional have during Settlement style fly smaller moderate is are unsympathetic tend Along to maintained whitewashed hedgerows they of tipping. small been in the However, and cottages the to good the lanes have have units core. character isolated size. and be fragmented twentieth is condition. ..integrity condition mature, generally orchards been had Around to These by are the date feature weatherboard the allow many mature hedgerows still fields, a in of topography supplemented from degrading include small century the intact good and and of these Whilst all small-scale for which within the area, the provide

modern some blocks condition horse and settlements, occasional area in mid-1800s, some since are and and effect this ‘ribbon’ well areas of habitats grazing. is valuable housing or with location woodland, properties brick otherwise coherent. parts managed and replaced lost creating timber strong form. fields most built well that as The has are for of a characteristicsThe summary ofwhichare describedbelow. existing assessment, Milstead liesinLCA 1BMidKent Downs. in Finally, 1995, the lossoforchards moderately topography woodlands, proximityto boundary. theurban landscapean enclosed Itis isolated with localised Overall, Sensitivity Moderate Large blocks ofwoodland, particularly onhigherlandandridge tops. • mostly confined to dew ponds, butimportant aquifers heldwithinchalk. withrelatively steep valleys dry mostly runningSW-NE. Surface water • soilderived from weathered chalk,whichcontains many flints. exposures ofmiddlechalkinvalleys. Above thechalkisathinsticky clay Underlyinggeology ofCretaceous upperchalk, withoccasional •

the Landform ofgently rolling chalkplateaux forming dipslope.Interspersed This this Kent parts is and visible fragmented is currently Downs

an with vegetation Kent Downs AONB Landscape Character Assessment Update area landscape, an AONB in with exceptionally the hedgerows retain completed moderate process more Mid Kent Downs the so of distinctiveness and strong its at sensitivity being its own traditional exposed sense updated. Landscape Landscape Character Area 1B overall, of of northern remoteness orchards. the However, Character although area end and The based given there following Assessment create rolling on the are a the 22 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Mostly deciduous (including extensive areas of chestnut coppice) plus some conifer planting. • Land uses are predominantly arable farmland and woodland, with significant pockets of parkland and orchards. • Fields are often large, reflecting late enclosure and historic use for sheepwalks. Smaller enclosure pattern around settlements, and a distinctive regular pattern with high hedges in orchard areas. • Semi-natural habitats include woodland, shaws and chalk grassland. • Landscape features including lanes, tracks, churches, villages and farms date back to the medieval period or earlier. Place names and road names tell part of the landscape story. • Relatively sparsely settled, with a scattering of villages and hamlets, and isolated farms. Brick and flint buildings are common. • A network of enclosed narrow lanes, often following dry valleys, with occasional main roads. M2 follows northern edge. • A relatively large-scale landscape, with a sense of openness, particularly on the plateaux and ridge tops. In orchard areas the landscape has a clear, regular patchwork pattern, and seasonal changes in vegetation are very apparent. • Despite its proximity to urban areas, much of the LCA has a strongly rural and peaceful feel, and a sense of isolation from the settlements nearby.

• The wooded slopes and summit of Perry Wood form a local landmark. From the edges of the area there are long views over the surrounding landscapes: the river valleys, the Medway/Swale Estuary, and the chalk scarp and vale. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 23 Saxon/Medieval period. It valleydry to thewest isaparticularlyimportant. architectural It elements makes animportant contribution to thecharacter ofMilstead. village Tree, historic This from Walking inMilstead [addref] known “one Summary 2.4 Character Appraisal has has conservation of picturesque areas a streets, show church, the rural of loveliest interest piece notable countryside a an cricket area timber-framed old clustering which villages ‘manor archaeological contains pitch, setting relate around house’ and in the Kent, buildings associated to on key behind, the potential its all unsophisticated, elements church significance sides and a small staggered relating with set other of historic on the many of to cottages a compact the traditional junction bank the fields. features Conservation Roman beneath grouped and with Each village of Period leafy, a one historic a large vast along Area. scene: of and a Cedar these little- yew” and The the the an Key Positive Characteristics • valleydry whichforms an important component ofitssetting • local panoramic views. • Hoggeshaws andthe Church actingasfocal points. Shaws andwoodland belts.Associated withevolving local dynamic views with Conservation Area 1840swooded boundaries, andsurviving withsurviving • to thewest • • side ofConservation Area • from Sittingbourneinthe1970s. • Farmhouse andWisteria Cottage • • approach to theeastern sideof theConservation Area and ManorCottage withlisted 19thcentury Dovecot form ‘focal’ features on • House • • (separately listed Grade II) • locally Street andHornHill,othernotable individualtrees • Landmark DeodarCedartree (over 200years old) at junctionofRawling Views inandoutoftheConservation Area to thewest from withinthe Cricket fieldwithdistinctive thatched pavilion and scorebox withdynamic a mosaicofdistinctive historic fieldsonthewestern sideofthe Old Rectory associated grounds andoutbuildingshistoric glebelands Older properties surrounded by plantings oftrees andshrubs Locally important Late 19thcentury cottage ofLittleDanesoneastern Locally important 18thcentury Trotts Hallwithitshistory ofbeingmoved 17th century Grade IIListed houses –Rose Cottage, TheCottage, Manor Views ofthechurch andHoggeshaws from Frinsted Road Locally important 19thcentury buildingsknown asTheCoachhouse Locally important carriage drive/pull inopposite entrance to theManor Hoggeshaws -a15thcentury timberframed hall 16th century ManorHouse(Grade II*)enclosedbehindhighbrickwalls Church andtheHolyCross ofStMary (Grade II*)sittingonabank with important The churchyard isanimportant openspaceinitsown right built features including Lychgate and Coffin rest/shelter. 24 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Rose Cottage MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 25 26 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Spatial analysis – Archaeological Interest are, however, attractive views across the pitch looking south towards the grounds of Manor Farmhouse and Rose Cottage. The eastern boundary of the cricket pitch is bounded by scrubby woodland marking the line of a surviving Shaw. Historically the Milstead village and the surrounding parish have been subject to limited archaeological cricket field was a meadow belonging to the Manor House and leased with it when investigation, partly due to the lack of modern development in the parish. This it was rented out during the 19th century. Its northern boundary therefore forms means that any assessment of the archaeological resource can only draw on a limited the edge of the small patchwork of fields which were associated with the properties amount of information. It is important to note therefore, that a lack of information within the village. for any given archaeological period should not be taken to mean a lack of potential.

Roman finds in the vicinity of the church suggests that there is potential for further Roman archaeology,

Spatial Analysis: Historic, Artistic and Architectural interest

[Map 7a Key Characteristics – Built Heritage and Views] [Map 7b Key Characteristics – Open Space and Trees]

Cricket Field [Note this element is Proposed Extension A to the CA boundary] The northern part of the Conservation Area is approached from the north along Rawling Street. The first area within the Conservation Area is a large Cricket Ground on the eastern side of the road. Cricket has a long history in Milstead, and the cricket pitch was moved here c.1945. The pavilion and score box are attractive features on the eastern side of the pitch and are locally important features. The cricket pitch is an important open space within a village which in general feels enclosed. There MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 27 Junction ofRawling Street withHornHill The from theroad. planted by wrought ironrailings againwhich directlyabuts onto theroad.Mature trees are leading The southwest sideofthecrossroadscomprises thewrought irongated driveway Conservation Area (seesetting sectionbelow) modern villageThe the northweston sits hall the crossroadsof side the outside abutting directly onto theroad. its ownsits within neat opensquare gardenby bounded an unpainted wicket fence pleasantly The bench, whichcommemorates 50thanniversary ofV.E. Day. The enclosed partsofthevillage to thewest andsouth. junction parceltriangular a small of grass of verge arounda huge DeodarCedartree. The (running three-sided cedar eastern to along here away tree Old proportioned side is the Rectory dominates from open junction edge of Rawling the and and effectively between and junction the there the

Street junction attractive road is screening Rawling a is at feeling is bounded bounded and a 17th 30-degree Street is of the enclosed century space by house by (running Rose a angle which 9-course by and white Cottage a north/south) to the circular-form then the plastered high grounds funnels northeast) (Grade brick of house and wooden wall in II the the Listed) Horn consists topped rectory which more slat Hill a 28 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN The original building with its symmetrical double fronted appearance is a fine example of a regency style. The rear of the building has been subject to greater alteration. The house sits to the rear (west side) of its plot in substantial attractive gardens with mature trees including copper beeches, oaks and a coronation maple. At the front of the house is a formal garden with a smaller parterre garden on the western side. On the north western side is a formal lawn and modern swimming pool. Here the wrought iron fencing to the road becomes a high brick wall screening the whole western side of the property from view. [Text below relates to Area D proposed Extension to CA Boundary] Immediately to the west of the Rectory [red square] beyond the parterre is another set of buildings, the two parts of the property being separated by a wall running north south. The land within this western area was formerly a working yard related to the rectory but today this land has again become formal gardens. There is a building on The rectory and glebe lands [north west along Horn Hill] the eastern side of the former yard (blue square on the map) which was formerly the office and domestic servant accommodation to the rectory and is shown on the 1840 The Old Rectory dates to 1834 and is a large house featuring an attractive veranda tithe and referenced in the 19th century censuses. In addition, a second property and traceries (Grade II) which you can only get glimpsed views of from the road. [green square] lies on the footprint of an outbuilding on the westside of the former yard which appears on historic maps between 1840 and 1880. It is known as Glebe Cottage on the 1880s census and was built as additional accommodation for domestic servants serving the rectory. This was formerly adjacent to a pond, which may since have been filled in. These buildings and the associated land are not publicly accessible, so it was not possible to assess the age or appearance of the buildings present on the site today. Although one of the outbuildings, on the footprint of Glebe Cottage, can be seen beyond the paddock in the photo below. The whole of the western side of the property is screened from the road by a high hedge and bank as the road slopes downwards into the small valley bottom. [Text below relates to Area E proposed extension to CA boundary] Further west adjacent to Horn Hill is a large open paddock with fruit trees with MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 29 views from theentrance gate to therectory anditsassociated outbuildings. to belonging Glebe land therectory remainsand partoftheproperty today. There are Conservation a drive providing access to theroad.formsThe paddock thewestern edge of the Area. This attractive area of land was historically an orchard, part of the 30 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Junction of Manor Road, Frinsted Road and Rawling Street This forms the centre of the village with the junction of Rawling Street and Horn Hill. As elsewhere there are no pavements at the junction and the high brick walls, and mature trees create a sense of enclosure in the centre of the village which contrasts with the more open junction to the south.

tithe map and probably representing a 18th century/early 19th century pull in for carriages dropping family and visitors to the main entrance to the house. It consists of an area of gravel bounded by a curving low brick wall of mixed red and yellow brick with a brick arch featuring a stone relief of a lion’s head with screening yews behind.

Manor Road Milstead Manor lies to the south of Manor Road, occupying a corner plot with Frinsted Road. The manor house is largely hidden behind the brick wall and high yew hedge which runs along Manor Road.

The high (individually listed) walls and gates to the Manor mean that only glimpses of this striking early Elizabethan Manor House are visible, which is exacerbated by the fact the front wrought iron gates to the manor are now infilled behind with a studded blank wood screen, the central clock tower and gables now being the only parts of the building readily visible. Opposite the gates on the north side of Manor Road is a pull in featured on the 1840 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 31 one oftheoutbuildingsisvisible from theroad. screened making having one lawns is Manor Roadof the northside On opposite Manor Farmhouse. is TheCoachhouse This plain tiledroof. standswhich for Richard Tylney.of chequeredis built This redbrick witha andblue Grade Standingtheir frontwithin gardensmarking thefar eastern edgethe village of a is wooden gates. to slate are Coach pair At theeasternthe villageof end RoadManor on the manorwalls are lowera and could notbeappraised for historic interest. which sweeping lawnsmature and trees.associatedis house manor The outbuildings with Returningto Road.of Manor side the south The grounds the manorfeatureof spacious andwoodshrubbery associated withthemanorhouse. Behind an the built of of roofs?. oak are House II and gone. attractive which Manor. “an this Listed of entirely timbered present gardens almost yellow These is This and is an pigeon They on locally from is Manor area on are perfect stock frame described the with are the set house the of footprint important Cottage, brick bounded at back 1840 house picture road scrubby least or in with from tithe by dove the dating of stand in semi-detached two high by woodland decorative local their a this and cot 19th low outbuildings evergreen which from quiet history dating plots 1880s brick century the date corner identified red and map to book walls, 16th brick-built hedges brick 1823 were to building, converted to of between ‘Strolling century, the low Milstead.” courses, formerly and on and immediate cottages, the hedges bearing the only 1840 through set to 1840s sash original ancillary the The accommodation, within and and the known windows driveway farmhouse south census Milstead’ 1880. initials unpainted farmyards sweeping dwellings as which They as and and The R.T. as is a cricket pitch from the north. The roofthe farmhouseof anditsmoregroundssouthern open are from visible the 32 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN The Church of St Mary and the Holy Cross On a bank on the westside of the junction between Frinsted Road and Manor Road lies the Grade II* Church of St Mary and the Holy Cross. This church has a 12th to 13th century chancel with a 15th century nave and west tower. The north side? Higham chapel was pulled down 1672 then rebuilt in 1873and an attractive watercolour shows the church in 1807 before the chapel was restored. It is constructed of flint and plaster with plain tiled roofs. It is an obvious focal point in the village. The church is set in the southern part of the churchyard which wraps round the church and extends in an oval shape to the junction between Rawling Street and Horn Hill. The edge of the churchyard bank above the road Is bounded by a low wooden unpainted fence and there are large mature chestnut trees all along its boundary and a significant sized yew. There are two tulip trees one of which was planted to commemorate Queen Victoria’s jubilee in 1887. The church is reached through an attractive Lych gate dated to 1902 and there is a coffin rest/shelter on the northern edge of the graveyards both of which are important local features. There is a War memorial adjacent to eastern front of the church. The earliest known tombstone dates to 1666. Hasted refers to an ancient tomb stone in the churchyard, near the south porch, having on it a cross botony, fuchee, carved in relief.

Local resident, Mike Hinton, who has written an article entitled ‘Some musings on the Tyldens of Milstead’ has stated that ‘The church of St Mary and the Holy Cross has a remarkable collection of memorials to members of the Tylden family that span four centuries from Richard Tylden of Hogshaws, who died in 1659, to Captain James Richard Tylden, the “last of his long line at Milstead Manor” who died in 1949. The Tylden Vault is a notable feature of the peaceful, leafy churchyard, and the names of those buried within are important to an understanding of the social history of the village. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 33 Frinsted Road John Piper’s photograph ofHoggeshaws Opposite the church ontheeast sideoftheroadthe walls of theManorhouse the shopandpost officeat theendofthat century. Hoggeshaws be seenthisview islittlechanged today. It brick chimney was addedwhichallowed thesubdivisionofupperfloor. been would with It wasin 1450 andretains built a crown post. Onceitwas asinglestorey building This was photographed by theartist JohnPiper. Next scale. large of continue is, flint with one to leylandii enclosed have with the although the open church a brick was church, simple

which in chimney the the capping. these is farm featured even the arched 16th are known oldest bailiff’s now century. Above only entrance in they as domestic early residence c this 5 a Hoggeshaws foot have hall ‘picturesque’ and is an high, house building been during jettied unattractive constructed or capped not the wings in sometimes postcards modernised the 19th are –which village modern century initially unattractive of a called Milstead Wealden have until garden latterly in brick subsequently Hoggeshaws. 1700 and and fence becoming Hall. and when out as then This and can of a 34 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Walking in Milstead describes the property as “ideally situated next to the quiet There is then a track which leads up to the modern house known as Lerimede. church and opposite the close-studded Elizabethan Manor gives this magnificent Opposite the track on the west side of Frinsted Road is a brick walled driveway which Wealden hall house called Hoggeshaws an air of tranquillity and beauty” leads to the rear of the manor house and includes buildings, which were in the 19th It sits back from the road surrounded by lawns on a slight bank edged with flint and century within the yard to the rear of the Manor House. This includes a separate enclosed with a unpainted wicket flint. It has recently been renovated extremely brick-built house/cottage. The entrance rises to high brick walls with brick gate piers sympathetically and is one of the finest buildings in Milstead. to the drive which have stone ball finials which match that at the formal entrance on Manor Road. Next door to Hoggeshaws is Julian House a modern detached house built in 1958 and formerly the shop and post office which closed in 1997 On the west side of Frinsted Road south of the track which leads to Lerimede is Wisteria Cottage a Grade II 17th century cottage. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 35 its boundary ontoits boundary Frinsted Road isboundedby highhedges. to association long loft with with The roof andbrickchimney can beappreciated. It is Wisteria set now next up association an back to in-situ a house 15 bedroom. Cottage. with from separate

17th Jane is with the the It road century Austen. As can the Grade additions. described behind be Tylden viewed Its brick II Listed extensive a family It hedge in chimney includes from the house and and historical the grounds and a known the mature road room a Manor beyond sweep former background, as which trees, the House

round a dairy but was Cottage white its the behind and The now distinctive wooden original built has Cottage kitchen, the a in gate possible gardens kitchen sloping 1600 had with but – a Below -TheCottage c.1920 36 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN [Text below relates to Area B proposed extension to CA boundary] Sittingbourne and the building externally at least has not lost any of its architectural integrity or importance. It is a building of local importance within Milstead. Opposite The Cottage and Wisteria Cottage is the formal grand 18th century house known as Trotts Hall. It has an impressive sweeping brick wall entrance way with brick piers and wrought iron gates and its formal frontage faces on to Frinsted Road.

The house has a curious history as it was built in 1740 by a wooden merchant who imported the wood to build the house from Scandinavia. The house was originally built in Bell Road Sittingbourne. In the 1970s it was due to be demolished in 1973 and Mr Rex Boucher, who was the owner of Milstead Manor, requested it be moved Trotts House – during reconstruction (circa 1978). Built in 1740 by wood merchant to Milstead brick by brick. it was dismantled and then rebuilt on the new site starting Mr Trott with wood from Scandinavia in Bell Road,-- land sold to Sainsbury super- in 1976 after the original designation of the Conservation Area. The rear of the house market in 1976,-- Mr Boucher from Milstead brought the house--- and moved it was built up from old bricks acquired specifically for that purpose. After 40 years in brick by brick on to his fruit orchard with help from Sir Edward Casson finishing it in this location the grounds are mature that a casual observer would assume the house 1978 (It took a year to get permission to move it from Swale Council !!) has always been in this location and it lends an attractive element to the southern

side of the Conservation Area. The building itself was formerly listed Grade II when in PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 37 boundary lookingnortheastboundary toField thenorthwestthe church of the Shawnorth looking the faron is right Several ofthepre 1840historic hedged intact. boundariessurvive orchards the The [Text below relates to Area Cproposed extension to CAboundary] Land to thewest ofFrinsted Road Rectory land and to the consists meadows west of of relating a the series Cottage, to of these small, Hoggeshaw properties, enclosed and fields and the are which Church still used were and as to former grazed the south historic fields. of The particular to areaThis byhalf in split is theeastland of west trackfromruns which Frinsted Road Tithe Map. slate cottage At kinksshaw theboundary roundthe surviving of end thesouthern the grounds a of beyond downwards theboundary to thewest into valley. ashallow dry the topographyin ridgethe small on Milsteadwhich on of land sloping the land sits evidence incorporatesand Shaw formerly asurviving knownShaw. asStubbings surviving is This Lerimede western roof known of in importance late Medieval and most as 1800s which Little boundary and as to Danes. continues it replace Post affords forms This Medieval a views as thatched locally the a footpath western of assarting. important the cottage rear boundary to of It Little which buildings also Hoggeshaws

Danes. forms was of the is present demarcates built This Conservation across of footpath on brick the the a church with 1840s break is Area of a 38 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN looking north and as you continue westwards along the path north east. There is also • Cast iron gates with decorative features a footpath which runs from the church to the southwest corner of the field at Little • Mature clipped yew hedges Danes with views into the rear of Hoggeshaw and the churchyard. • Banks with flint nodule edging • Unpainted picket fences and gates

Trees All the older properties are surrounded by plantings of trees and shrubs. Notable individual trees include: • Large Deodar Cedar Tree at centre of the crossroads • Three Chestnut Trees associated with Church road boundary and churchyard. • Tulip Trees in churchyard (where are these on map) • Yew Tree in the Churchyard adjacent to the Lychgate

• Surviving orchard trees in the paddock to the west of the Old Rectory.

Field to the northwest of the church looking from the south west corner northeast towards the Church and Hoggeshaw. Surviving Shaws and Woods They have important archaeological interest relating to the former Medieval exploitation of the landscape in the form of their morphology, Boundary Treatment land use and boundaries. They also have historical interest in the way their visible The conservation area is notable for a lack of pavements, with the boundaries of features can be used to communicate and explain their history. This is in particular the historic properties leading directly onto the carriageway. Manor Road and the case where they survive with other Medieval land uses including ancient woodland, northern part of Frinsted Road are notable for their sense of enclosure and high pre 1700 settlement and farms and grazed common land. They then provide a visible boundaries. Boundaries of significance include: and tangible surviving historic landscape dating to the Medieval period which also has important aesthetic value in its appearance. This is what Rackham refers to as • High brick walls surrounding the manor Ancient Countryside (1994). Surviving shaws in the Conservation Area includes • Brick walls with cast iron railings • on the eastern boundary of the cricket field MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 39 exception Milstead Open spaces leading to countryside to thewest. the the carriagewaycars with duetopavements. alackof There footpatha public is from Traffic Traffic and Movement trackway between Frinsted Road andLittleDanes Frinstedof Roadthe footpathalong westsouth leads which from thechurchfrom and Historic of Frinstedside Roadcan bemuchmore easilyappreciated fromrealm. thepublic The viewable. means that someareashistoric of interest areor publicly accessible neitherpublicly sense main country roads/lanesmeetwhich at astaggered crossroadsthe village.in The Views Public Realm Manor Road adjacent to thecarriage pullin. area small A surviving of shrubbery/woodlandcan befoundside of the north on on Danes. • Church historic of is and interest notably enclosure Conservation This is to glimpsed the interest the Little includes western can absent Cricket caused Danes also on views large the from Area Field be boundary and by appreciated of northern parts the high is on

along the notable village the brick of main of the Manor north side the walls, track to with heritage partly of the Conservation side Farmhouse, the pedestrians yew from rear due of Conservation assets hedges, the Frinsted of to the Conservation its the are Area properties and mature lack Road Manor afforded cyclists Area, to of to the boundary open Little and and on Area having north from the The the Danes space. [proposed west the planting Rectory. western to of share Little both four side The Cottage? –whichalignswiththenameshownonOSmapping) with Rose extension Nationally Designated Heritage (seeappendixA Summary for fulldetails) Buildings andBuildingMaterials; Features; Structures churchyard. plaster Cottage A], with the Grade field a plain II to (List the tiled No. southeast roof. 1119628) (Check of the 17th with church century LJ but [Proposed sign timber on extension framed cottage house says C] and Ameila faced the 40 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Old Rectory Grade II (List No. 1325210) dated 1834 with painted brick walls with slate Manor House Grade II* (List No. 1343916) dating from the 16th to 18 century. Timber roof and wooden sash windows. It has a regency ironwork. framed and close-studded on flint plinth. The central portion is underbuilt with red brick. It consists of two storeys with gables.

The Old Rectory (mid 1950s) MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 41 chequered red andbluebrickplaintiledroof. Dovecote stone ball-finials. 18th century17th and red brickwallwroughtwith irongate gate with piers featuring Garden wall 50 and Yards gateways East of Milstead to north of Manor Milstead Grade Manor II (list Grade no. 1325223) II (List No. Dated 1069283) 1823 Manor century. Chequered red andbluebrick white brickwithplaintiled roof The with painted brickandrough cast withplaintiledroof. Wisteria later stack backingon to it.Aediculeonchimney dated 1700. framed framed Hoggeshaws William Butterfield. Constructed offlint andplaster withplain tiledroofs c12-c13 Church from the17thcentury builtofbeamslath andplaster withathatched roof. Cottage Farmhouse of bays, on chancel Cottage St flint Grade Mary originally Grade plinth and Grade and II Grade II (List a (List the and with c15 II No. (List II Holy No. exposed nave 2 (list 1343917) bay No. 1069285) Cross and No. hall, 1107847) with 1325217) west Grade the House plaster Wealden screens tower. II* 17th dating (List – infill oak Restored passage century Hall no from timbered some 1069286)- House 17th in and Timber red the century 15th enlarged frame left brick parish framed end century infilling. house to church ½ in early bay, and 1872 timber dating 19th Four with with clad by 42 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Locally important buildings • Trotts Hall – 18th century house with two storeys in red brick with an upped tiled roof and parapet. The original listing building prior to the building • Pair of mid-19th century Cottages at eastern end of village on south side of being removed can be found at Appendix x. Manor road adjacent to listed Dovecot • Little Danes – Late 19th century cottage built in yellow stock brick with slate roof. Sashed windows with brick arches.

General building material discussion • Cricket Pavilion started in 1948 timber and brickwork with reed- thatched roof and score box 15th to 17th centuries Vernacular Buildings • Timber framed buildings with plaster infill or close studded on flint plinths • Later brick cladding and chimneys • Gables • Plain Tiled roofs MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 43 (featured on1840TitheMap) • Built Features ofLocal Importance HighBrickandlow red andyellow brickwalls inbrown/yellow; flint nodule • Boundaries Clay tileroofs • • • Brick(red andyellow Londonstock) –chequered orlinearpatterns; some • 19th century vernacular buildings Carriage drive/pull inopposite entrance to ManorHouseonRoad walls withbrickcaps French traceries andverandas Sash windows with white rendering. • CoffinRest/shelter at ofthechurchyard northern boundary • 1904 Lychgate to church 44 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Views 2. Dynamic views (experienced and evolving along a route, such as a street) The assessment of views was divided into three concentric zones: View 2a – Local view from the edge of the Conservation Area looking south east from the valley below Trotts Hill looking up to the ridge on which Milstead village sits. The • long distance: views from beyond the area paddock to the south of the Rectory is in view along with the buildings on the west • middle distant to and from the immediate setting side of the Rectory all of which were historically part of the village Glebe lands. • historic (local) core: views from within the Conservation Area.

The views have been categorised accordingly: 1. views, often framed vistas, from fixed positions to focal points (such as churches)

View 1a – Local view from outside of the Conservation Area on Manor Road looking down hill westwards towards the edge of the settlement boundary. The Listed Dovecot with 19th century cottages behind provides a focal point to the approach. View 2b – Evolving local view within the Conservation Area along the footpath looking southwest from the church with views towards the ridge line and the surviving Shaw which runs along it travelling in the direction of Little Danes. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 45 also hasanenclosedcharacter butviews are notfocused towards anendpoint. the Rectory brick wallhigh andmature treesfocus funnel towards the churchyard withtheOld 3a View 3. undergone remarkably littlechange. view ofHoggeshawsthe Church with was which featuredpostcardsold on has and the Churchand actasfocalpoints the views in slowly and revealpicturesque theclassic 3b View Manor Dynamic views withafocal point

framed – – Enclosed Local House behind. dyamic on local the view Glimpsed dynamic southern along view views side. Frinsted travelling Note are Road also travel westwards afforded travelling in the other of northward. along the direction roof Manor and Hoggeshaws eastwards Road. gables The of iw 3c View Church andHoggeshaw providing focal points footpath 3d View footpath lookingnortheast withthechurch andHoggeshaw providing focal points.

which – – Evolving Evolving

links Frinsted local local dynamic dynamic Road to views view Little within travelling Danes the across both Conservation the

east historic and Area west fields along along with the the the 46 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN 4. Panoramas

View 4a – Long distant panoramic views looking eastwards across the southern setting of the Conservation Area and including into the grounds off Trotts Hall to the north. These views are located 60 metres south of the Conservation Area on Frinsted Road opposite the small modern development. Note expansive long distant views are not a typical feature of the Conservation Area

Above 4b looking north and below looking south

View 4b – 180 degree middle distant views looking westwards from Little Danes out of the Conservation Area across and along the dry valley immediately to its west. This is a significant component of the setting of the Conservation Area as discussed in section on setting below. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 47 scorebox withShaw behind buildings dynamic local viewsouthwards looking towards thegroundsand roofs ofthelisted 6a View 6. focal point. skyline demarcates of theboundary the 5a View 5. dry valley Dynamic panoramas Panoramas featuring afocal point or points

– – of View The Rose to Cricket the from Cottage immediate Trotts pitch and Hill on Manor west just the the Conservation below of Farmhouse north the Conservation Trotts side of as Hill well the Area and Cottage Conservation as Area. the Little looking The cricket shaw Danes actsasa Area pavilion south along affords along and the ‘gateway’ into theConservation Area Conservation eastwardsfootpath thepublic along valleyclimbs which thedry entersand side the 7a View 7. Dynamic panoramas featuring afocal point orpoints - middle Area adjacent distance to views Little from Danes. outside This property of the Conservation

also acts a focal Area point looking and 48 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Setting The first feature encountered on leaving the village within the hollow of the dry valley is Winkers - a wooden flat pack bungalow bought at the Ideal Home Show Exhibition This description identifies the main attributes of the setting of the Conservation Area in the mid -1920s. This lies on the edge of the Conservation Area and is a neutral and then identifies which of these components contributes to the significance and feature in the landscape. special interest of the Conservation Area. More significance components of the setting include: The Immediate north of the Conservation Area forming the triangle of land between Rawling Street and Horns Hill, and area to the north of the cricket field • At the bottom of Horn Hill a stone saying limit of Glebe 1832 [where is this?] Village Hall based on original beaters hut but reclad and much extended. The Wooden • The shallow valley to the west of the Conservation Area which has a park Sign mounted on the hall dating to 1993 representing the village interests, the history like quality with clumps and shelter belts of trees set in meadows including surviving of the hall and the Oak tree planted for Festival of Britain 1951 adjacent to the village historic Shaws and small woodlands. This is an essential component of the setting of hall. the Conservation Area Behind the village hall are eight houses built 1850 with prefabricated slab walls and • Up Horn Hill there are two semi-detached houses built in 1913. These are tiled roofs. These were reclad in brick in 1988. Adjacent to these are small retirement attractive buildings which add to the character of the area. bungalows built in 1978. As a group they do not form the most sympathetic design • Just beyond these on the roadside is a simple red brick monument to the for the edge of the Conservation Area and could perhaps benefit by softening by 3rd Battalion of the Gloucestershire Regiment 1916-1917-1918, purportedly built of additional planting, bricks taken from the left hand wing of the Manor House (Grade II Listed). It is listed There is a modern detached house to the immediate north of the cricket field whose for its historic interest and design. Behind this to the south is Horn Hill Field. This was well treed gardens does not detract from the Conservation Area. The land to the the where the 3rd battalion were camped in World War one [3rdbattlion page 29] north and west of the Cricket Field remains as fields including arable and commercial Adjacent to the field is a Girl Guide centre completed in May 1991 orchard production. Beyond this to the north is the M2. Rawling Street gateway to the village East of the Conservation Area along Manor Road and up Milstead Hill The set of historic buildings on Rawling Street are now divorced from the village by the M2 but still retain important historic links and interest even if they are now physically There are a group of modern farm buildings which are rented to small businesses separated. Features of interest include Rawling Street Farmhouse rebuilt c1950 currently they detract from the eastern approach to the Conservation Area and could present in 18th century, The Red Lion and the Listed building at Lion Farm House be subject to sympathetic renewal/renovation. which is a significant Wealden hall house originally thatched now with traditional kent peg tiled roof. Land to the east of the Conservation Area Horns Hill west of the Conservation Area The fields to the east of the Conservation Area consists of medium to large sized fields MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 49 scale commercial orchard production. Here, Land to thesouthwest oftheConservation Area • semi-detached headteachers house,now allpartofschool.Ontheparish brickandlocal flint withred tiledroof. Originallytheschooland boundary Frinsted andMilstead Church School–builtin1848of ofEnglandPrimary ground floorandplastered above. • Orchard Cottage –a17thcentury timberframe cottage cladinred brickon • On theeast sideofFrinsted Road: FinchesFarm -aGrade II16thcentury timberframed farmhouse, restored • parish boundary. Theseincludeonthewest sideofFrinsted Road: properties 500 manor landswithintheConservation Area. which semi-detached sympathetically post Areadevelopmentribbon small a is the with as which 1960s houses 1950s and of Immediately South oftheConservation Area alongFrinsted Road with somepasture butmost incommercial orchard production. metres war historic are 16th and17thcentury features Clare Housewhichislisted for its18th century fabric butmay have earlier replaced withred brick. in 1955whenlath andpaster was removed from thebeamstructure and development attractive forming to south fields the cottages designed. south an in of have their historic the to called of been However, the the own Conservation outlier Conservation north Fairview amalgamated right on and of to built the the the have Area Area southern Conservation main by in a the are direct J. on village Tylden the 20th a end historic group westside on century

in Area of or 1911 the of link near are of attractive and row to for the not to the farm there Conservation are the particularly manor a Frinsted workers historic is pair large and of Assessment ofConditionandIdentification of Negative key characteristics • Milstead Hill.Theirraised positionmeansthat they are more prominent Group ofmodernfarm buildingsadjacent to theConservation Area on • southsideoftheConservation Area detract from itssetting • Key Negative Characteristics overgrown Leylandi Western to boundary themanorwithwooden fence panelsandlarge than might elsewise bethecase. Frontages anddesignofpost war housesto theimmediate northand Western to boundary themanor Conservation Area onHornHill Frontages edge oftheConservation Area Modern farmjust buildings beyondthe eastern of houses within the setting of the 50 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN 3.0. CONSERVATION AREAS MANAGEMENT STRATEGY National Planning Policy Framework and supporting guidance Historic England Guidance Conservation Area designation is not an end in itself. It is a way of recognising the Historic England produce Good Practice Advice (GPA) and Advice Notes (HEAN). special architectural or historic interest of an area with a view to putting in place a Swale Borough Council Development Plan - Local Plan Policies - Bearing Fruits 2031 framework to sustain its character for this and future generations. Core Objective 4. Conserve and enhance our historic and natural assets as the means Conservation is not about preventing change; the Milstead Conservation Area is part to drive regeneration, tourism, and environmental quality and to reverse declines in of a living community and change is needed to sustain and meet their future needs. their condition. It is about positively managing change so that what we cherish today can be properly looked after and passed on to future generations in good condition. Conservation PolicyCP8: Conserving and enhancing the historic environment Area designation brings with it certain statutory controls and restrictions which are described below. It also affords the opportunity for others, such as the Parish Council, To support the Borough’s heritage assets, the Council will prepare a Heritage local amenity groups, Kent County Council, Kent Highways, individual householders, Strategy. Development will sustain and enhance the significance of designated and and local businesses to take part in positively managing the area. non-designated heritage assets to sustain the historic environment whilst creating for all areas a sense of place and special identity. Development proposals will, as It also can help identify opportunities where conservation can help to deliver wider appropriate: social, cultural, economic, and environmental benefits and where there may be opportunities to draw on the contribution made by the historic environment to the 1. Accord with national planning policy in respect of heritage matters, character of a place. together with any heritage strategy adopted by the Council; This strategy is intended to encourage active involvement in the future management 2. Sustain and enhance the significance of Swale’s designated and non- of the Conservation Areas. designated heritage assets and their settings in a manner appropriate to their significance and, where appropriate, in accordance with Policies DM 32-DM 36; 3.1. Planning Policy and Guidance 3. Respond to the integrity, form and character of settlements and historic landscapes; See further Detail in Appendix 4. 4. Bring heritage assets into sensitive and sustainable use within allocations, Current Statutes and National Planning Policies neighbourhood plans, regeneration areas and town centres, especially for Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 72 of the assets identified as being at risk on national or local registers; Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, and Section 66 in 5. Respond positively to the conservation area appraisals and management relation to Historic Buildings MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 51 supplementary to the Swale Borough Local Plan, 2008: The followinghas been adoptedGuidance Planning by Swale BoroughCouncil Adopted Supplementary PlanningGuidance Note thenext Local Planwillcover theperiod2022-2038 DM34: sites DM33:Development affecting aConservation Area • • DM16:Alterations andextensions • • • • • • Other relevant policiesinclude: accessibility, interpretation andimproved access. and a low carbon future; strategies prepared by theCouncil; DM32: Development involving listed buildings DM14: General development criteria andenhancingthenaturalCP7: Conserving environment CP4: Requiring good design ST1 Delivering sustainable development inSwale 6. Respect 7. Development Promote the integrity the affecting enjoyment of heritage scheduled of assets, heritage whilst monuments assets meeting through and the archaeological challenges education, of Milstead Conservation Area is in very good condition. 3.3. ConditionandForces for Change support efforts to conserve heritage assets includedon therespective registers. where by may identified and No Historic England’s Heritage at RiskRegister orontheSwale Heritage at RiskRegister. There 3.2. Buildingsat Risk set offive associated prioritieshave beenidentified. heritage designatedincluding historic parksgardens. and From analysisof evidence Swale’s on and This Conservation Areas • Swale Heritage Strategy 2020-2032 • • their local strategy be physical action are possible, added Kent Design Listed Buildings heritage condition. and locally no plan some provides and designated to work the significant assets for economic early In local the with such a and framework engagement heritage conservation Heritage them instances, features features regeneration to assets at investigate for or at Risk with the risk the buildings area within Registers Council local of have designation, (section Swale’s opportunities stakeholders, the been become will if Milstead their Historic identified notify 6.5). conservation, at significance However risk respective for a Conservation Buildings high in external in the the level if management management is future owners any threatened and funding vision Area of Areas, these and and the on to 52 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN to guard against standard highway ‘improvements’ which do not respect the special Forces for Change character of the Conservation Area. The Conservation Area is notable for its shared road space and lack of pavements and this needs to be safeguarded. • Potential future pressure from increased traffic and large vehicles Trees, orchards, and green space are all significant features of the Conservation Area. • Changes to land use surrounding the Conservation Area Positive management of highway trees and highway hedgerows will be an important aspect of maintaining the special character of the Conservation Area.

3.4. Management Objectives and Approach Highway maintenance and improvements will be carried out in accordance with Kent County Highways ‘Highway Works and Heritage Assets: The Kent Protocol for Highway Householder Alterations Works in Relation to Designated Heritage Assets’ second edition, 2011, which contains specific provision for works in Conservation Areas. Many minor householder alterations to unlisted buildings can be undertaken without the need for planning permission but the cumulative impact of ill-considered change The Borough Council and County Council will seek to ensure that the public realm of to historic and/or traditional properties can have a harmful effect on the character this Conservation Area is sensitively managed. and appearance of the Conservation Area. New Development Opportunities Any new buildings or renewal of existing sites need to consider the management Opportunities to reinstate missing architectural features (such as sash windows, priorities set out below. Development or alterations within the settings of the panelled doors, or roof coverings) and traditional boundary treatments will be Conservation Area should conserve the historic character of the village. New encouraged by the Council and may be requested in relation to planning applications development opportunities or renewal of existing agricultural buildings are more for extensions and/or alterations, where appropriate. likely to be seen outside of the Conservation Area and these should likewise be handled with reference to the special interest of the area.

The Council will seek to ensure that householder alterations which require planning permission positively enhance the special character and appearance of the Conservation Area.

Public Realm/Street Management The public realm makes a positive contribution to the character of Milstead Conservation Areas. However, in rural conservation areas it is especially necessary MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 53 3.5. Conservation Area Objectives andPrioritiesfor Management andAction conservation area. responds 10. significant trees, orchards, andwoods.9. Safeguarding significant spaces. 8. Safeguarding 7. positive contribution to thesignificance ofthearea. 6. Safeguarding interest whichinforms thesignificance oftheConservation Area. contextually the 5. within andwithouttheconservation area. 4. Protection buried orlargely hiddenheritage. 3. The area andotherdesignated heritage assets. 2. The character, orappearance 1. The ensure that and is sustained enhanced through: to Area seek Conservation Milstead of significance will the Council The Objectives: Overarching Safeguarding thenetwork ofpublicrights ofway. Protection Promotion important preservation preservation safeguarding positively appropriate and

of role of non-designated the high enhancement or this to and and landscape enhancement context quality plays enhancement rural better in setting, and design around providing revealing of heritage the of landmarks, which the distinct of in the the setting new it the assets focuses Conservation with area’s characteristics development significance of views, an the which special on attractive conservation the and Area interest, heritage make of of which vistas and and any the a 54 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Special Interest & Positive Characteristics (PC), Negative Characteristics Objectives Specific Management Guidelines Other Actions (NC), Archaeological Potential/Significance (A) and Forces for Change (FC) Roman finds in the vicinity of the church suggests that there is potential Ob1 Conserve and recognise Ob3 archaeological for further Roman archaeology (A) sensitive/potential Archaeological potential for Saxon and Medieval archaeology (A) Ob1 Conserve and recognise Ob3 archaeological sensitive/potential Location of the village on a small ridge of land within an area of fields Ob1 Celebrate the link between Ob5 the village and its wider surrounded by a circle of ancient and semi-natural woodland 1 km in landscape through the diameter (PC) development of a self-guided walking trail(s)

12th/early 13th century origins to the village with the establishment of a Ob1 Celebrate the link between the village and its wider small nucleated village created by the clearance by assarting of ancient landscape through the woodland(PC) development of a self-guided walking trail(s)

Church with 12th century origins and surviving 12th century and 15th Ob1 maintenance of churchyard as Potential candidates for local Ob 6 important open space listing century fabric set within an oval graveyard sitting on a bank with locally Ob 8 important built features including Lychgate and Coffin rest/shelter. The churchyard is an important open space in its own right(PC)

Hoggeshaws a distinctive 15th century Wealden hall house (PC) Ob1 Views of the church and Hoggeshaws from Frinsted Road (PC) Ob1 Ensure the classic picture Ob4 postcard view is maintained

MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 55 67

andCottage). The (PC) 17 the to Group of nationally importantvernacular buildings dating from the 16 approach to eastern side ofConservation the ListedCottage with Manor 19 importantLocally 19 overgrown Leylandi (NC) Western boundary to the manor with wooden fence panels and large (PC) Locally important builtfeatures and walls to Manor on Frinsted Road. House (PC) Locally important carriage drive/pull in opposite entranceto Manor GradeII* enclosed behind high walls brick (GradeII) (PC) Manor House with 13 (FC) (NC),Archaeological Potential/Significance (A) and Forcesfor Change InterestSpecial &Positive Characteristics(PC), Negative

th

centuries ( th Rose th

centurybuildings knownThe as Coachhouseand

century origins and surviving 16

Cottage,Farmhouse,Manor Wisteria Cottage th

centuryformDovecot features ‘focal’ on Area ( PC)

th Characteristics

centuryfabric th

Objectives Ob1 Ob 6 Ob1 Ob 6 Ob1 Ob 6 Ob1

Specific Management Guidelines

directions Article 4 listing Potential candidates for local Manor Road. with wooden fenceand leylandii replacementEncourage of directions Article 4 listing Potential candidates for local directions Article 4 listing candiPotential Other Actions clipped yew hedge ashedgeclipped on yew

dates for local

68 56

MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Special Interest & Positive Characteristics (PC), Negative Characteristics Objectives Specific Management Guidelines Other Actions (NC), Archaeological Potential/Significance (A) and Forces for Change (FC) The Old Rectory built 1834 and associated grounds – a fine example of Ob1 Conserve character of paddock to the west hand side and fruit regency style, associated grounds and buildings and historic glebe lands trees to the west (PC)

Locally important 18th century Trotts Hall and its history of being moved Ob1 Potential candidates for local Ob 6 listing or even re listing as a from Sittingbourne in the 1970s. (PC) nationally designated heritage asset Article 4 directions

Older properties surrounded by plantings of trees and shrubs(PC) Ob1 Encourage householders to Protect individual trees with Ob 9 maintain and plant appropriate TPOs

trees and shrubs Notable individual Trees (PC)

Shared public realm along lanes/roads with a lack of pavements and Ob1 Ensure a shared street space is Ob7 maintained for all users, which modern street infrastructure (PC) limits the use of modern street Potential future pressure from increased traffic and large vehicles (FC) furniture

Cedar tree and junction of Rawling Street and Horn Hill (PC) Ob1 Maintain this junction TPO for Cedar Tree Ob 9

MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 57

69 valley which forms animportantcomponent ofsetting its (PC) anViews in out ofConservation the Areato thewest from within the dry Shaw dynamicwith local panoramic views. (PC) Cricket field distinctivewith thatched pavilion and scorebox, surviving A long history of cricket since1857(PC) points. (PC) dynamiclocal views Hoggeshaws with and the Church acting focal as spaces both private and publically accessible. Associated withevolving boundaries,and surviving Shawsand woodland Important belts. open Conservation Area with surviving pre 1840s wooded hedgerow a mosaic distinctiveof historic fields on the western side of the spacewith importantexception Milstead Conservation Area notable is partly due to its lack of open (PC)Road. trees and planting along Manor Road and southern end Frinsted of Sense enclosureof high with walls, brick clipped yew hedges, mature (FC) (NC),Archaeological Potential/Significance (A) and Forcesfor Change InterestSpecial &Positive Characteristics(PC), Negative

s(PC)

Characteristics

Objectives Ob5 Ob4 Ob2 Ob1 Ob 8 Ob4 Ob1 Ob 8 Ob7 Ob4 Ob1

Maintain this sense of enclosure Specific Management Guidelines of theof valley protect the distinctive character Preservetheseand views Cricketof Field as wooded belt Maintain Shaw on eastern edge views dynalocal mic Protectopen spaced and the hedgerows Maintain surviving pre 1840s 1840s Conservationof Area, ensureall westernShawon Maintain edge through appropriateplanting

listing Potential candidates for local Other Actions

70 58

MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Special Interest & Positive Characteristics (PC), Negative Characteristics Objectives Specific Management Guidelines Other Actions (NC), Archaeological Potential/Significance (A) and Forces for Change (FC) Historic links to the Tylden Family and their relationship with all the key Ob1 Celebrate the link between the buildings through historic buildings (PC) development of a self-guided walking trail Ob 2 Maintain Shaws and small Ob 9 woods in the wider landscape Changes to land use surrounding the Conservation Area (FC) and surviving pre 1880s hedgerows Frontages and design of post war houses to the immediate north and Ob 2 Seek opportunities to soften Ob 9 discordant existing frontages south side of the Conservation Area detract from its setting (NC) with appropriate planting and more traditional boundaries

Group of modern farm buildings adjacent to the Conservation Area on Ob 2 Ensure any future development Ob 10 and change at this location is in Milstead Hill. Their raised position means that they are more prominent scale and keeping with the than might elsewise be the case. (NC) Conservation Area

MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 59

71 Appendices Appendix 1: Extracts from the National Heritage List for England (the Statutory List Interior: short nave with hollow chamfered tower arch surround with attached of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest) shafts and octagonal capitals, with chamfered arch. Roof of three crown posts the easternmost shortened to raise over chancel arch, on flat, heavily moulded ties. Chancel arch with double hollow chamfer on octagonal responds with corbels on The statutory list is compiled and published by the Secretary of State for Culture inner face (for a lost rood screen probably). Chancel, originally two bays, with chapels Media and Sport and is altered and amended from time to time. The list descriptions added to north and south c.1200. Two bay arcade to north, with round pier, square below were current in March 2016 but for more up to date information please visit moulded abacus chamfered at the corners, with debased upright acanthus leaves in the National Heritage List for England at www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/thelist. pairs, fillet rolls on arches, and corbel tables on responds. This is all identical to and by The omission of a building from this list should not necessarily be taken to indicate the same hand as work in , Doddington, Frinsted and (see Bapchild: that it is not listed. Church of St Lawrence). Features which are not specifically mentioned in the list description are not exempt Chancel extended eastwards two bays in later C13 - the original quoins visible from statutory protection which extends to the building, to any object or structure internally. Paired lancets north and south, the reveals of the two westerly taken fixed to the building and to any structure within the curtilage of the building pre- down to floor level, with drip moulds. Renewed windows, C19 wagon roof. Mutilated dating the 1st July 1948. capitals to south arch with the paired upright leaf motif and nook shafts all that survives of pre-Butterfield date in south chapel. The north chapel is also entirely Butterfield (Newman (1976) suggests R.C. Hussey c.1855).

Church of St Mary and the Holy Cross Fittings: sedile and piscina ensuite in chancel with double chamfered surround. Grade: II* List Entry Number: 1069286 Date first listed: 24-Jan-1967 Painted tryptych reredos, altar rails, glass add date from 1870s, as do two wrought iron lamp stands, 7 feet high with gilded details. In the nave, the pulpit, lectern, Statutory Address: Church of St Mary and the Holy Cross, Frinsted Road, Milstead benches, wrought iron screen to tower and octagonal font are all likewise presumably by Butterfield. GV II* Parish church. C12-C13 chancel, C15 nave and west tower. Restored and enlarged 1872 by William Butterfield. Flint and plaster with plain tiled roofs. West Monuments: marble and cast iron wall plaques to various C19 members to the tower, aisleless nave, chancel with south and north chapels, south porch. Tylden family in the north chapel, two of note, Elizabeth Tylden d.1839, tablet with bust; William and Richard Tylden d.1854 and 1855, by R.C. Hussey. Two tabernacles Two stage tower with string course and cornice to battlements and north-west crocketted with attached marble shafts, integrated with double lancet windows with octagonal vice. Double chamfered west doorway, with two light C15 Perpendicular moulded surrounds and attached shafts above the monument. Smaller, plainer copy windows and belfry lights. Nave on plinth with two light Perpendicular windows north to left to Charlotte Tylden d.1858. and south. C19 half-timber and weatherboard south porch, with C15 double hinged door (i.e. half-leaf or entire door opens) in double hollow chamfered surround. Three eastern chapels all C11 exterior though lancers in chancel are original. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 61 baluster-columns withbeadornament. hall. jettied. with wood porch, on left, timber that in central Manor Date first listed:27-Aug-1952 List Entry Number:1343916 Statutory Address: MILSTEAD MANOR,MANORROAD Grade: II* Milstead Manor floriate frieze. Later wingto C19service rear. French 1 hipped House. Statutory Address:OLD RECTORY, RAWLING STREET Date first listed:21-Mar-1985 Grade:II List Entry Number:1325210 Old Rectory each header brackets and to C17 chamfered casements and doors 1834. on portion framed wings, Three right house.

clock panelling bond; ground blocked on jettied Painted to timber- turret and

underbuilt gabled C16 centre, first round-headed plain on floor 3 mullion in that to stacks ground to floor brick framed Dining tiled porch, right C18. under of to with in and wings to window left roof. floor. with Timber

left return rear. Room, a all slate red wrought underbuilt brick with with and ogee-cap. Two Plank Four brick, to roof. wings framed and outer right moulded gauged storeys, right. glazing and iron Two the 2-stage to with gables Irregular stud doorway. Segmental left veranda rear. and storeys heads with bar bargeboards brick, end door wood Interior: close-studded with sashes gables bay fenestration and and on in and Right bay wood panelled 4 moulded entirely hipped blind on

trellised now central window at return first and ends case-ments hoods. with roof, faced on floor of pendants. fire surround 2 piers front to to segmental storey (incorrect) flint with surround end left Two with with with continuous plinth, projecting left, and in brick traceried in shutters, red Stack pierced central porch, oriels and right, open brick with and the to 3 and 4windows originallybrickmullioned.Aedicule onchimneydated 1700. screens on roof recessed screens red exposed Wealden Date first listed: 27-Aug-1952 Statutory Address: HOGGESHAWS, RAWLING STREET List Entry Number:1069285 Date ofmost recent amendment: 21-Mar-1985 Grade: II Hoggeshaws iron gate to the Manorgardens. foot wrought irongate ornamental with overthrow; thenextends40 yards east at circa 7 yards Wall.C18. RedC17 and brick.Extendsfrom east endofManorRoadapproximately 35 Date first listed: 24-Jan-1967 MANOR ROAD List Entry Number:1069283 Statutory Grade: II Garden wall andgateways to northofMilstead Manor ground brick height with to passage passage east with plinth, central hall Address: gablets floor with at plaster house, circa with with in survives 2 dentil and GARDEN bays the infill, 3 plain now central stack foot left cornice with to the house. tiled end height, WALL left. to board flying end ½ roof. centre and Left bay, AND C15 left swept wall door tiled Four return and with and left. GATEWAYS plate under coping, framed up end 1700. later Four front to carried right gate eaves stack wood Timber including of bays, TO bays brick, piers NORTH on-curved dropping. backing originally case- underbuilt framed with with another OF ments on stone plinth MILSTEAD Arched braces, with on to with simple on it. flint ball-finials 2 and Two bay first red doorway and plinth plat MANOR, wrought hall, brick storeys, floor, hipped band and and the on to 3 62 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Rose Cottage Wisteria Cottage Grade:II List Entry Number:1119628 Date first listed:21-Mar-1985 Grade:II List Entry Number:1107847Date first listed:21-Mar-1985 Statutory Address:ROSE COTTAGE Statutory Address:WISTERIA COTTAGE, RAWLING STREET House. C17. Timber framed and faced with plaster with plain tiled roof. Two storeys House. Cl?. Timber framed and clad with painted brick and rough cast with plain tiled and hipped roof with gablets and central stack. Two wood casements on each floor roof. Two storeys and hipped roof with central stack. Two wood casements to each and central boarded door with gabled hood. Catslide outshot, and 1 storeyed hipped floor and central plank and stud door in gabled porch. Catslide outshot to right. extension to rear left.

The Cottage Dovecote 50 Yards East of Milstead Manor Grade:II List Entry Number:1343917Date first listed:24-Jan-1967 Grade:II List Entry Number:1325223 Date first listed:21-Mar-1985 Date of most recent amendment:21-Mar-1985 Statutory Address:DOVECOTE 50 YARDS EAST OF MILSTEAD MANOR, MANOR ROAD Statutory Address:THE COTTAGE, RAWLING STREET Dovecot. Dated 1823. Chequered red and blue brick and plain tiled roof. Square plan. House. C17 to early C19. Chequered red and blue brick and white brick with plain One storey, hipped roof with lantern, with painted board doors in east and west tiled roof. Lobby entry plan. Two storeys on plinth and roof hipped to right, gabled to fronts. Stone plaque over west door with inscription: R.T. 1823 left, with 2 hipped dormers and stacks to end left and centre right. C19 addition to left of 2 glazing bar sashes on each floor to original building of 5 wood casements on first floor and four on ground floor, all with leaded lights. C20 door of 6 raised and fielded Manor Farmhouse panels to centre right (centre of C17 building) with rectangular fanlight and gabled Grade:II List Entry Number:1325217 Date first listed:24-Jan-1967 porch. C20 extension to right of red brick and tile hanging; 2 storeys with irregular fenestration. Statutory Address:MANOR FARMHOUSE, MANOR ROAD Farmhouse. C17. Timber framed and exposed with plaster infill and part underbuilt with red brick to left, with thatched roof. Lobby entry plan. Two storeys on brick plinth and hipped roof with stacks to end left and to centre; the roof steps down to right with stack to rear right. Four windows on each floor, C20 wood oriels on brackets, and central plank and stud door with hipped hood. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 63 Conservation Area boundary The Adjustment 1–Landto theeast oftheCoachhouseandManorCottage that two slight adjustments to are theboundary undertaken Even iftheproposed extensionsboundary are not adoptedrecommended itishighly AdjustmentsBoundary character orappearance ofwhichitisdesirable to preserve orenhance. appropriate In have specialarchitectural orhistoric interest. to whether As Appendix 2:Proposed amendments to Milstead Conservation Area boundary part large boundaries of

part, the the current in

review the that of the area it of gardens still boundaries Milstead covered possesses have Conservation by accurately changed the special Conservation reflect since architectural Area, the the consideration original area Area or which isconsidered historic is designation considered has interest, been and to given the the be to Adjustment Cricket hasalonghistory inMilstead, andthecricket pitch was moved here • follows: Cricket The Area ACricket pitch onthenorthern sideoftheboundary are provided andtherationale for eachextension given. the There are five areas where itisproposed to extend ExtensionsBoundary would become unnecessary. planted.a newand boundary Note Extension if adoptedC is adjustmentthis then designation boundary proposal Pitch c.1945. TheClub was founded in 1857 the 2 and is of – to footprint the Inclusion semi-wooded move Conservation the of of current the small bank churchyard Area Conservation extension to to the incorporate east. has to been The the Area rationale Churchyard. new boundary slightly areas. extended for north Maps this Since inclusion to for the to include each the original west area is the as 64 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN • The pavilion and score box are locally important features. The house has a curious history as it was built in 1740 Bell Road Sittingbourne. In the 1970s it was due to be demolished in 1973 and it was dismantled and then rebuilt • The cricket pitch is an important open space within a village which in on the new site starting in 1976. The rear of the house was built up from old bricks general feels enclosed. acquired specifically for that purpose. The rationale for inclusion is that • Views across the pitch looking towards the grounds of Manor Farmhouse • After 40 years in this location the grounds are mature that a casual observer and Rose Cottage. The eastern boundary of the cricket pitch is bounded by would assume the house has always been in this location and it lends an scrubby woodland marking the line of a surviving Shaw. attractive element to the southern side of the Conservation Area. • Historically the cricket field was a meadow belonging to the Manor • The building itself was formerly listed Grade II when in Sittingbourne and House and leased with it when it was rented out during the 19th century. the building externally at least has not lost any of its architectural integrity There is therefore an historical association between the field and or importance. the Manor. • It is a building of local importance within Milstead.

Area C The land to the west of the Cottage, Hoggeshaw and the Church and to the south of the Rectory consists of a series of small, enclosed fields which were former historic orchards and meadows relating to these properties, and are still used as grazed fields. The rationale for inclusion is that • Several of the pre 1840 historic hedged boundaries survive intact. • The western most boundary incorporates a surviving Shaw formerly known as Stubbings Shaw. • The new western boundary s demarcates a break in the topography on the small ridge of land on which Milstead sits

Area B Land to the south surrounding Trotts Hall • Incorporates the late 19the century cottage known as Little Danes is a locally important building Opposite The Cottage and Wisteria Cottage is the formal grand 18th century house known as Trotts Hall. It has an impressive sweeping brick wall entrance way with • Incorporation of local panoramic views of the rear of Hoggeshaw, the brick piers and wrought iron gates and its formal frontage faces on to Frinsted Road churchyard and the church. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 65 thesmallvalley bottom. the1840titheandreferenced inthe19thcentury censuses. • officeanddomestic servant accommodation to therectory andisshown on • • gardens. Therationale for itsinclusion: a working yard related to therectory but todayhas againland this become formal Immediately to thewest ofthe Rectory westernthis within theland area was formerly Areas D

asecond property the footprint on lies onthewestside ofanoutbuilding of from theroad by ahighhedge andbankastheroad slopesdownwards into the former yard Thewholeofthewestern sideoftheproperty isscreened building ontheeastern sideoftheformer yard whichwas formerly the Glebe Land Historically partoftheproperty belongingto theRectory andassociated Area E There are views from theroad to therectory? anditsassociated • thisattractive area oflandwas historically anorchard, partoftheGlebe • drive providing accessto theroad. Therationale for inclusionis: Further west adjacent toa largeis Hill Horns treesfruit with paddock open a with outbuildings and surviving Orchardoutbuildings andsurviving Trees. land belongingto therectory andremains partoftheproperty today. 66 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Appendix 3: Relevant legislation, national and local policy & strategies (3) The Secretary of State may from time to time determine that any part of a local planning authority’s area which is not for the time being designated as a conservation area is an area of special architectural or historic interest the character or appearance Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance; and, if he so determines, he may designate that part as a conservation area.(4)The designation of any area as a http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/9/contents conservation area shall be a local land charge.

• Section 66 General duty as respects listed buildings in exercise of planning • Section 71 Formulation and publication of proposals for preservation and functions. enhancement of conservation areas. (1) In considering whether to grant planning permission or permission in (1) It shall be the duty of a local planning authority from time to time to formulate and principle for development which affects a listed building or its setting, the local publish proposals for the preservation and enhancement of any parts of their area planning authority or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State shall have special which are conservation areas. regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses. (2) Proposals under this section shall be submitted for consideration to a public meeting in the area to which they relate. (3) The local planning authority shall have regard to any views concerning the • Section 69 Designation of conservation areas. proposals expressed by persons attending the meeting. (1) Every local planning authority—

(a)shall from time to time determine which parts of their area are areas of special • Section 72 General duty as respects conservation areas in exercise of planning architectural or historic interest the character or appearance of which it is desirable functions. to preserve or enhance, and (1) In the exercise, with respect to any buildings or other land in a conservation area, (b)shall designate those areas as conservation areas. of any functions under or by virtue of] any of the provisions mentioned in subsection (2), special attention shall be paid to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of that area. (2) It shall be the duty of a local planning authority from time to time to review the past exercise of functions under this section and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 67 GPA3 -Setting andViews GPA2 -ManagingSignificance inDecision-Taking intheHistoric Environment • GPA1 -Local PlanMaking • • principles ofhow national policyandguidancecan beapplied. Historic EnglandGoodPractice AdviceNotes (GPAs). These • https://historicengland.org.uk/advice/planning/planning-system/ Guidance andAdvicefrom Historic England environment inthesection:Historic Environment. The https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/planning-practice-guidance National PlanningPractice GuidancePPG 16). The policies, andhow they are expected to beapplied. The https://www.gov.uk/guidance/national-planning-policy-framework National Planning Policy Framework NPPF National PPG provide

includes covers Planning supporting the particular historic Policy information environment guidance Framework on on (NPPF) matters primarily good practice, sets relating in out paragraphs the particularly to government’s protecting 184 - looking 202 the (Chapter planning historic at the elements ofthe borough’s historic environment for theforeseeable future. Priorityis which The can bewidelysupported. communities set A environment key The [https://www.swale.gov.uk/swale-heritage-strategy/] Swale Borough CouncilHeritage Strategy 2020 Historic EnglandAdviceNote 12-Statements ofHeritage Significance Historic EnglandAdvice Note 10-Listed BuildingsandCurtilage • • Historic EnglandAdvice Note 9-TheAdaptive Reuse ofTraditional Farm Buildings Historic EnglandAdvice Note 4-Tall Buildings • Historic EnglandAdvice Note 2-MakingChanges to Heritage Assets • Historic EnglandAdvice Note 1-Conservation Areas • • guidance. • include key of stakeholders strategy Council element are priorities, Historic EnglandAdviceNotes detailed, aimed has sets in and

of Swale developed which out at and practical local the enabling a in other strategy amenity series it a positive is advice a interested hoped

the of borough-wide is societies proposals the positive on and will how setting (HEANs) sustainable parties, align as to and in far implement heritage the out with sustainable as to associated of possible, way, protect the the strategy vision on national Council’s

management a in and initial suitably order and to manage planning help 3-year overall priorities that informed it, the the of action along vision policy different strategy of historic basis. local with plan and and 68 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN given to those parts of the borough’s historic environment which are already suffering 2. Enrich the qualities of the existing environment by promoting and reinforcing from, and at risk from negative change, and/or which face significant development local distinctiveness and strengthening sense of place; pressure, threatening their special character. The proposed set of actions will involve 5. Retain and enhance features which contribute to local character and joint project working with amenity societies and/or volunteers from the community distinctiveness;…………. wherever this is possible. 8. Be appropriate to the context in respect of materials, scale, height and massing; Adopted Local Plan Bearing Fruits 2031: The Swale Borough Local Plan 2017) 9. Make best use of texture, colour, pattern, and durability of materials; http://services.swale.gov.uk/media/files/localplan/ adoptedlocalplanfinalwebversion.pdf 10. Use densities determined by the context and the defining characteristics of the area; 11. Ensure the long-term maintenance and management of buildings, spaces, features Relevant objectives and policies within the local plan include: and social infrastructure;………………. • Policy ST 1 Delivering sustainable development in Swale To deliver sustainable development in Swale, all development proposals will, as • Policy DM 32 Development involving listed buildings appropriate:…… Development proposals, including any change of use, affecting a listed building, and/ 8. Achieve good design through reflecting the best of an area’s defining or its setting, will be permitted provided that: characteristics; 1. The building’s special architectural or historic interest, and its setting and any 9. Promote healthy communities through:….. e. maintaining the individual features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses, are preserved, character, integrity, identities and settings of settlements; paying special attention to the: a. design, including scale, materials, situation and 12. Conserve and enhance the historic environment by applying national and local detailing; b. appropriateness of the proposed use of the building; and c. desirability of planning policy through the identification, assessment and integration of development removing unsightly or negative features or restoring or reinstating historic features. with the importance, form and character of heritage assets (inc. historic landscapes). 2. The total or part demolition of a listed building is wholly exceptional, and will only be permitted provided convincing evidence has been submitted showing that: a. All reasonable efforts have been made to sustain existing uses or viable new uses • Policy CP 4 Requiring good design and have failed; b. Preservation in charitable or community ownership is not possible All development proposals will be of a high quality design that is appropriate to its or suitable; and c. The cost of maintaining and repairing the building outweighs its surroundings. Development proposals will, as appropriate:… importance and the value derived from its continued use. MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 69 Monument, 1. • contribution to thecharacter orappearance ofthearea. 4. that would enhanceit;and 3. Remove features that detract from thecharacter of theareareinstate and those and landuse; pay prepared; 1. proposals to: the area’scharacter special or appearance. TheBoroughexpects Council development conservation or Development • for thesalvaging ofmaterials andfeatures. to re-location whether listed 2. 3. Retain allow Development Respond Retain other If special as building Policy DM34ScheduledMonuments andarchaeological sites Policy DM33Development affecting a conservation area access the a unlisted structures) the last attention is positively building and/or not area, layout, (including consent

resort, to possible will the buildings will its to could form not within, building the to for preserve the setting changes and its be demolition, it of be use Borough or

conservation

streets, permitted affecting re-erected demolition prior other of , or as detail of enhance shown to Council structures use spaces, demolition the and may, which elsewhere is and area permitted, on materials, setting all is means in the the prepared features would that appropriate appraisals to Proposals demolition to of, make, make of an surfaces, arrangements adversely enclosure or that appropriate to a views or where consider circumstances, record contribute Map, could of landform, affect into

and unlisted these of or make, will location. the it buildings, and subsequently a and positively be have vegetation Scheduled grant a buildings out required consider to positive When allow been of of and to a a Conservation Areas Swale • Buildings–AGuidefor Owners andOccupiers • • https://www.swale.gov.uk/local-planning-guidance/ designated, Swale Borough CouncilSupplementary PlanningGuidance by theBorough Council. deposition the excavation applicantbe required will to ensure that provisionbe madeforwill archaeological 3. archaeological effects willnotbepermitted. their will 2. significance oftheheritage asset. require judgement abalanced having regard to thescale ofanythe and harmorloss significance equivalent Whether Where be necessary settings. a Swale Brough Council PlanningandDevelopment GuidelinesNo8: Swale Brough CouncilPlanningandDevelopment GuidelinesNo2:Listed preference development significance of and or of they any Borough Development a any post-excavation non-designated recording, are artefacts other to currently preserve Council to is monument scheduled permitted in in that an advance No known, study important heritage does archaeological 3: or monuments. The and and not archaeological or of Conservation asset discovered archaeological achieve preservation assessment and/or of archive less Development acceptable during during site than of along or in-situ Traditional sites demonstrated museum national development, the with mitigation in-situ is that Plan not the significance to Farm may and period, justified, be appropriate as of to affect Buildings. approved including being adverse protect there will the the of 70 MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN Appendix 4: Select Bibliography and Document Extracts Appendix 5: Acknowledgements

Thanks go in particular to Simon Mason and his colleagues from the Heritage Conservation Team at Kent County Council for their assistance. The online version of Muir R. 2000 The NEW Reading the Landscape. Fieldwork in Landscape History the Kent Historic Environment Record can be accessed at https://webapps.kent.gov. The South east Archaeological Research Framework can be accessed at https://www. uk/KCC.ExploringKentsPast.Web.Sites.Public/Default.aspx kent.gov.uk/leisure-and-community/history-and-heritage/south-east-research- Thanks go to Alison Black, to Parish Councillor Victoria Berkeley and Parish Council framework Clerk Lena Jordan in particular for passing on their extensive local knowledge of the area, which has helped hugely in the drafting of this document. Thanks go to the Conservation & Design and Planning Policy teams at Swale Borough Council for providing baseline data, checking, editing and formatting this public consultation document and putting in place the public consultation arrangements to take this important review work to the next stage and through to adoption. This Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan was prepared by Emma Rouse, Wyvern Heritage and Landscape on behalf of Swale Borough Council. www.wyvernheritage.co.uk MILSTEAD CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL & MANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN & MANAGEMENT APPRAISAL AREA CONSERVATION MILSTEAD 71 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Swale Borough Council Planning Services – 01795 417850

https://www.swale.gov.uk/heritage-and-landscape/

Swale Borough Council: 2021 Swale House, East Street, Sittingbourne, Kent ME10 3HT

PUBLIC CONSULTATION DRAFT AUGUST 2021

Prepared by Wyvern Heritage and Landscape www.wyvernheritage.co.uk