Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013
Date Ministry Member Title 26.08.2013 CORPORATE AFFAIRS SHRI PIYUSH GOYAL Damodaran Panels report on business climate 23.08.2013 AGRICULTURE SHRI N. BALAGANGA Impact of climate change on agriculture ENVIRONMENT AND 22.08.2013 FORESTS SHRI N. BALAGANGA Funds for climate change related issues ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI PARIMAL 08.08.2013 FORESTS NATHWANI Plan to deal with climate change 05.08.2013 EARTH SCIENCES SHRI D.P. TRIPATHI Survey of climate change in Uttarakhand 05.08.2013 EARTH SCIENCES SHRI S. THANGAVELU Climate model ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAJIV PRATAP Review of the National Action Plan on Climate 07.05.2013 FORESTS RUDY Change ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAGHUNANDAN 30.04.2013 FORESTS SHARMA National plan for climate change SHRI K.V.P. 26.04.2013 AGRICULTURE RAMACHANDRA RAO Impact of climate change on crop yeilds ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI T.M. 23.04.2013 FORESTS SELVAGANAPATHI National Action Plan on Climate Change 22.03.2013 AGRICULTURE SHRI N.K. SINGH Impact of climate change SHRI JESUDASU Green Climate Fund for climate change 19.03.2013 FINANCE SEELAM mitigation and adoption Study on effect of climate change on ground 18.03.2013 EARTH SCIENCES SHRI K.N. BALAGOPAL water SHRIMATI VANDANA Funds for climate change projects and 12.03.2013 FINANCE CHAVAN renewable energy 11.03.2013 EARTH SCIENCES SHRI G.N. RATANPURI Study of climate changes in J and K ENVIRONMENT AND Outcome of Doha Climate Change Conference 05.03.2013 FORESTS SHRI Y.S. CHOWDARY 2012 ENVIRONMENT AND 26.02.2013 FORESTS SHRI AMBETH RAJAN Effected climate change on Himalayas ENVIRONMENT AND 18.12.2012 FORESTS SHRI RAM JETHMALANI UN report on climate change SHRI DARSHAN SINGH 17.12.2012 EARTH SCIENCES YADAV Research on climate change at North Pole 14.12.2012 AGRICULTURE SHRI N.K. SINGH Impact of climate change 03.12.2012 EARTH SCIENCES SHRI PANKAJ BORA Database for measuring climate change 22.11.2012 FINANCE SHRI D.P. TRIPATHI Need for a conducive climate for investment PROF. M.S. 17.08.2012 AGRICULTURE SWAMINTHAN Climate smart agriculture strategies ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAMACHANDRA UNO millennium programme for climate 14.08.2012 FORESTS KHUNTIA change DR. GYAN PRAKASH 18.05.2012 AGRICULTURE PILANIA Impact of climate change on agriculture ENVIRONMENT AND 15.05.2012 FORESTS SHRI HUSSAIN DALWAI Negotiations on climate change ENVIRONMENT AND Strengthening of research capacity for climate 15.05.2012 FORESTS SHRIMATI MAYA SINGH change observation and assessment 1 Compiled by ENVIS Centre, WWF‐India 10/8/2013
Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013
ENVIRONMENT AND 08.05.2012 FORESTS PROF. SAIF‐UD‐DIN SOZ Discussions on climate change Impact of climate change on agriculture in 27.04.2012 AGRICULTURE SHRI A.A. JINNAH Tamil Nadu SHRI BHARATSINH ENVIRONMENT AND PRABHATSINH 24.04.2012 FORESTS PARMAR Study on climate change SHRI ISHWARLAL 30.03.2012 AGRICULTURE SHANKARLAL JAIN Fall in production due to climate change 30.03.2012 AGRICULTURE SHRI N.K. SINGH Impact of climate change on farm sector SHRI MAHENDRA 26.03.2012 WATER RESOURCES MOHAN Impact of climate change on water resources 23.03.2012 AGRICULTURE SHRI MOHD. ALI KHAN Effect of climate change ENVIRONMENT AND Conference of BRICS countries on global 20.03.2012 FORESTS SHRI N.K. SINGH climate change regime SHRIMATI VIPLOVE 19.03.2012 WATER RESOURCES THAKUR Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI NAZNIN 13.03.2012 FORESTS FARUQUE Study on impact of climate change 16.12.2011 AGRICULTURE SHRI MOINUL HASSAN A project tackling climate change ENVIRONMENT AND 13.12.2011 FORESTS SHRI BAISHNAB PARIDA Climate Change Action Plan ENVIRONMENT AND 13.12.2011 FORESTS PROF. SAIF‐UD‐DIN SOZ Climate Change Conference at Durban Implementation of Climate Resilient 09.12.2011 AGRICULTURE SHRI MOINUL HASSAN Agriculture ENVIRONMENT AND 29.11.2011 FORESTS SHRI RAM JETHMALANI National Plan on Climate Change ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI SHOBHANA IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON 30.08.2011 FORESTS BHARTIA AGRICULTURE AND LIVELIHOOD . SHRIMATI RENUBALA 26.08.2011 AGRICULTURE PRADHAN IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LIVESTOCK ENVIRONMENT AND OBLIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE 16.08.2011 FORESTS DR. RAM PRAKASH PROTOCOLS . 12.08.2011 AGRICULTURE SHRI MOHD. ALI KHAN IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FOOD . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI OM PRAKASH 09.08.2011 FORESTS MATHUR STUDY ON CLIMATE CHANGE . NEW AND RENEWABLE SOLAR MISSION UNDER NATIONAL ACTION 14.03.2011 ENERGY SHRI NAND KUMAR SAI PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE SHRI BIRENDRA CLIMATE CHANGE AND HYDROLOGIC 07.03.2011 WATER RESOURCES PRASAD BAISHYA RESPONSE OF RIVER SYSTEM . NATIONAL INITIATIVE ON CLIMATE RESILIENT 04.03.2011 AGRICULTURE SHRI NAND KUMAR SAI AGRICULTURE . SHRI K.V.P. 25.02.2011 AGRICULTURE RAMACHANDRA RAO CLIMATE RESILIENT AGRICULTURE . 25.02.2011 AGRICULTURE SHRI MOHD. ALI KHAN IMPLEMENTATION OF CLIMATE RESILIENT
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SCHEME ENVIRONMENT AND 13.12.2010 FORESTS SHRI ISHWAR SINGH GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE NEGOTIATIONS . ENVIRONMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT OF CLIMATE 06.12.2010 FORESTS SHRI RAM JETHMALANI CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAVI SHANKAR 06.12.2010 FORESTS PRASAD IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND 06.12.2010 FORESTS DR. VIJAY MALLYA MEASURING OF CLIMATE CHANGES . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI BIRENDRA 29.11.2010 FORESTS PRASAD BAISHYA IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND 29.11.2010 FORESTS SHRI JAI PRAKASH SCIENTIFIC STUDY FOR CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND 29.11.2010 FORESTS SHRIMATI KANIMOZHI CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE IN CANCUN . ENVIRONMENT AND 29.11.2010 FORESTS SHRI SABIR ALI CLIMATE CHANGES TALKS . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI K.V.P. NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE 15.11.2010 FORESTS RAMACHANDRA RAO CHANGE SHRI T.M. REVISION OF NATIONAL WATER POLICY DUE 11.11.2010 WATER RESOURCES SELVAGANAPATHI TO CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND 16.08.2010 FORESTS SHRI KALRAJ MISHRA ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE . SHRI RANJITSINH ENVIRONMENT AND VIJAYSINH MOHITE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON 16.08.2010 FORESTS PATIL AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY . SHRI ANIL MADHAV 13.08.2010 AGRICULTURE DAVE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI MAHENDRA 09.08.2010 FORESTS MOHAN CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAMDAS NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR CLIMATE AND 09.08.2010 FORESTS AGARWAL ENVIRONMENT STUDIES . SHRIMATI SHOBHANA IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON 06.08.2010 AGRICULTURE BHARTIA AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI GIREESH KUMAR 03.05.2010 FORESTS SANGHI IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND 03.05.2010 FORESTS SHRI KALRAJ MISHRA STRATEGY FOR CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SETTING UP OF NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 03.05.2010 FORESTS DR. RAM PRAKASH CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES . ENVIRONMENT AND 03.05.2010 FORESTS DR. RAM PRAKASH SATELLITE FOR CLIMATE RESEARCH . ENVIRONMENT AND 26.04.2010 FORESTS SHRI N.K. SINGH CLIMATE RESEARCH CENTRES . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAJIV PRATAP 26.04.2010 FORESTS RUDY IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 26.04.2010 ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAMACHANDRA CLIMATE CHANGE . 3 Compiled by ENVIS Centre, WWF‐India 10/8/2013
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FORESTS KHUNTIA ENVIRONMENT AND DR. GYAN PRAKASH 19.04.2010 FORESTS PILANIA THREAT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI T. RATNA 19.04.2010 FORESTS BAI CLIMATE DEAL BY INDIA AND CHINA . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI VIJAY NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION 19.04.2010 FORESTS JAWAHARLAL DARDA AUTHORITY . ENVIRONMENT AND DR. JANARDHAN 15.03.2010 FORESTS WAGHMARE GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE 15.03.2010 FORESTS PROF. P.J. KURIAN CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAGHUNANDAN 15.03.2010 FORESTS SHARMA CLIMATE CHANGE . CENTRE FOR CLIMATE CHANGE DISASTER ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI VIPLOVE MANAGEMENT AND SNOW AND GLACIER 15.03.2010 FORESTS THAKUR STUDIES . SCIENCE AND SHRI A. 11.03.2010 TECHNOLOGY VIJAYARAGHAVAN DATABASE FOR CLIMATE IMPACT STUDIES . 11.03.2010 EARTH SCIENCES SHRI R.C. SINGH MODEL FOR ACCURATE CLIMATE FORECAST . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI BHARATKUMAR 08.03.2010 FORESTS RAUT REPORT OF IPCC ON CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI GIREESH KUMAR 08.03.2010 FORESTS SANGHI TACKLING CLIMATE CHANGES . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI M.V. MYSURA 08.03.2010 FORESTS REDDEY CLIMATE CHANGE VIS A VIS CHILD DEATHS . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAJEEV BASIC COUNTRIES MEET ON CLIMATE CHANGE 08.03.2010 FORESTS CHANDRASEKHAR . ENVIRONMENT AND 08.03.2010 FORESTS DR. RAM PRAKASH FUND FOR CLIMATE CHANGES ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAMDAS COPENHAGEN ACCORD ON CLIMATE CHANGE 08.03.2010 FORESTS AGARWAL . SHRIMATI VIPLOVE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER 04.03.2010 WATER RESOURCES THAKUR RESOURCES . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI BIRENDRA ASSESSMENT OF SCIENTIFIC REPORTS ON 21.12.2009 FORESTS PRASAD BAISHYA GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI E.M. SUDARSANA COPENHAGEN MEETING ON CLIMATE CHANGE 21.12.2009 FORESTS NATCHIAPPAN . ENVIRONMENT AND 21.12.2009 FORESTS DR. K. MALAISAMY CLIMATE CHANGE . GOVERNMENT APPROACH ON ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI LALIT KISHORE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLIMATE 21.12.2009 FORESTS CHATURVEDI CHANGE ENVIRONMENT AND 21.12.2009 FORESTS SHRI MANOHAR JOSHI NATIONAL POLICY ON CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND 21.12.2009 FORESTS SHRI P. RAJEEVE COLLECTIVE POSITION ON CLIMATE CHANGE .
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ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAJEEV COMMITMENT AT COPENHAGEN SUMMIT ON 21.12.2009 FORESTS CHANDRASEKHAR CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI VIPLOVE 21.12.2009 FORESTS THAKUR IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . SHRI RAMDAS DEPLETION OF NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF 18.12.2009 AGRICULTURE AGARWAL WHEAT AND RICE DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE . SHRI SHREEGOPAL 17.12.2009 EARTH SCIENCES VYAS CLIMATE CHANGE IN ANTARCTICA . ENVIRONMENT AND DR. JANARDHAN IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON GANGA 14.12.2009 FORESTS WAGHMARE RIVER . ENVIRONMENT AND 14.12.2009 FORESTS DR. K. MALAISAMY MEASURES TO FACE CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND 14.12.2009 FORESTS DR. K. MALAISAMY CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI E.M. SUDARSANA 07.12.2009 FORESTS NATCHIAPPAN AGENDA FOR U.N. CLIMATE SUMMIT . ENVIRONMENT AND DR. GYAN PRAKASH 07.12.2009 FORESTS PILANIA CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTION AND PLANS . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI JAYA 07.12.2009 FORESTS BACHCHAN CLIMATE CHANGE FUNDING . ENVIRONMENT AND 07.12.2009 FORESTS SHRI MANGALA KISAN CLIMATE CHANGE TALKS ENVIRONMENT AND DR.(SMT.) NAJMA A. 07.12.2009 FORESTS HEPTULLA EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ENVIRONMENT AND 07.12.2009 FORESTS PROF. P.J. KURIAN CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI SYEDA EMISSION CUT VIS VIS CLIMATE FRIENDLY 07.12.2009 FORESTS ANWARA TAIMUR INFRASTRUCTURE ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI T.T.V. IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON 07.12.2009 FORESTS DHINAKARAN AGRICULTURE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI VIPLOVE 07.12.2009 FORESTS THAKUR IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON 04.12.2009 AGRICULTURE SHRI D. RAJA AGRICULTURE . 01.12.2009 FINANCE SHRI NAND KUMAR SAI CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE IN G SUMMIT . ENVIRONMENT AND 30.11.2009 FORESTS SHRI MOHD. ALI KHAN FURTHERANCE OF CLIMATE RESILIENCE . ENVIRONMENT AND 30.11.2009 FORESTS SHRI NAND KUMAR SAI CLIMATE FORECASTING SYSTEM . 27.11.2009 AGRICULTURE DR. RAM PRAKASH IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND 23.11.2009 FORESTS SHRI D. RAJA DISCUSSION ON CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI E.M. SUDARSANA 23.11.2009 FORESTS NATCHIAPPAN NEGOTIATIONS ON CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND NATIONAL NETWORK FOR RESEARCH ON 23.11.2009 FORESTS SHRI K.E. ISMAIL CLIMATE CHANGES .
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ENVIRONMENT AND NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE 23.11.2009 FORESTS SHRI N.K. SINGH CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND 23.11.2009 FORESTS SHRI NARESH GUJRAL NDC MEETING ON CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND INDIA S COMMITMENT TOWARDS GLOBAL 23.11.2009 FORESTS SHRI S.S. AHLUWALIA CLIMATE PROTECTION ENVIRONMENT AND FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE 23.11.2009 FORESTS PROF. SAIF‐UD‐DIN SOZ CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND PROF. M.S. 27.07.2009 FORESTS SWAMINTHAN IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WOMEN . ENVIRONMENT AND 20.07.2009 FORESTS SHRI RAHUL BAJAJ ISSUES AT GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE TALKS . 16.07.2009 EARTH SCIENCES DR. K. MALAISAMY CLIMATE CHANGE . 16.07.2009 EARTH SCIENCES DR. K. MALAISAMY PROBLEM OF CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAJIV PRATAP 13.07.2009 FORESTS RUDY CLIMATE CHANGE . SHRI N.R. STUDY ON IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND 25.02.2009 EARTH SCIENCES GOVINDARAJAR GLOBAL WARMING . SHRIMATI MOHSINA IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER 24.02.2009 WATER RESOURCES KIDWAI RESOURCES . SHRIMATI SHOBHANA IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON 20.02.2009 AGRICULTURE BHARTIA AGRICULTURE . ENVIRONMENT AND NATIONAL ACTION PLAN REGARDING CLIMATE 18.12.2008 FORESTS SHRI B.J. PANDA CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI BALAVANT ALIAS INTER GOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE 11.12.2008 FORESTS BAL APTE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI DHARAM PAL REPORT OF INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON 11.12.2008 FORESTS SABHARWAL CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE 23.10.2008 FORESTS SHRI D. RAJA CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI JESUDASU 23.10.2008 FORESTS SEELAM CHALLENGES OF CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI N.R. 23.10.2008 FORESTS GOVINDARAJAR CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE COUNTRY . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI SHREEGOPAL 23.10.2008 FORESTS VYAS CLIMATE CONTROL POLICY . HEALTH AND FAMILY SHRIMATI SUPRIYA 17.10.2008 WELFARE SULE WHO REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE . EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON POWER 05.05.2008 POWER MS. SUSHILA TIRIYA SUPPLY . ENVIRONMENT AND 17.04.2008 FORESTS SHRI ABU ASIM AZMI CONFERENCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE AT BALI . ENVIRONMENT AND 17.04.2008 FORESTS SHRI KAMAL AKHTAR . NATIONAL POLICY ON CLIMATE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI M.V. MYSURA NATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION ON CLIMATE 17.04.2008 FORESTS REDDEY CHANGE .
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ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAMDAS INTER GOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE 17.04.2008 FORESTS AGARWAL CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON POWER 17.04.2008 FORESTS MS. SUSHILA TIRIYA SUPPLY . ENVIRONMENT AND NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON MITIGATING 20.03.2008 FORESTS SHRIMATI N.P. DURGA CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI C. 13.03.2008 FORESTS RAMACHANDRAIAH CLIMATE CHANGE . 13.03.2008 EXTERNAL AFFAIRS DR. VIJAY MALLYA POLITICAL CLIMATE IN MYANMAR . PROF. ALKA BALRAM 11.03.2008 WATER RESOURCES KSHATRIYA EFFECT OF CHANGE OF CLIMATE ON WATER . PARAMETERS OF CLIMATE CHANGE SHRI RAJKUMAR MONITORED BY METEOROLOGICAL 05.03.2008 EARTH SCIENCES DHOOT DEPARTMENT . ENVIRONMENT AND 28.02.2008 FORESTS SHRI O.T. LEPCHA DELIBERATIONS ON CLIMATE CHANGES . HUGE LOSS OF CEREAL PRODUCTION DUE TO 07.12.2007 AGRICULTURE SHRIMATI N.P. DURGA CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI N.R. PROJECTS FOR TACKLING CLIMATE CHANGES 06.12.2007 FORESTS GOVINDARAJAR IN THE COUNTRY . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI SHOBHANA 06.12.2007 FORESTS BHARTIA DEBATE ON CLIMATE CHANGE . HEALTH AND FAMILY SHRI KARNENDU DIARRHOEAL DEATHS DUE TO CLIMATE 30.11.2007 WELFARE BHATTACHARJEE CHANGES . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAMDAS 22.11.2007 FORESTS AGARWAL EMISSION CAUSING CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI SATYAVRAT PROBLEMS ARISING OUT OF CLIMATE 06.09.2007 FORESTS CHATURVEDI CHANGES . SHRI EKANATH K. ENHANCEMENT OF UNCONGENIAL CLIMATE 29.08.2007 DEFENCE THAKUR ALLOWANCE . ENVIRONMENT AND 16.08.2007 FORESTS SHRIMATI N.P. DURGA REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE IN INDIA . 14.05.2007 EARTH SCIENCES DR. K. MALAISAMY REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE FORECASTING 14.05.2007 EARTH SCIENCES SHRI RAHUL BAJAJ IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGES ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI VIJAY 04.05.2007 FORESTS JAWAHARLAL DARDA ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI RAMDAS 27.04.2007 FORESTS AGARWAL TASK FORCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND DR. K. NATIONAL PROGRAMME TO STUDY ASSESS 16.03.2007 FORESTS KASTURIRANGAN AND DEAL WITH CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRIMATI SYEDA INTER GOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE 16.03.2007 FORESTS ANWARA TAIMUR CHANGE . SHRI V. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH TO STUDY 12.03.2007 EARTH SCIENCES NARAYANASAMY CLIMATE . ENVIRONMENT AND 02.03.2007 FORESTS SHRI DATTA MEGHE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE .
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ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI SYED AZEEZ 02.03.2007 FORESTS PASHA REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE . SSESSMENT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON INDIAN 04.12.2006 EARTH SCIENCES SHRI RAHUL BAJAJ CLIMATES . SHRI RAVI SHANKAR EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON 24.11.2006 AGRICULTURE PRASAD AGRICULTURE . SHRI T.T.V. 28.07.2006 AGRICULTURE DHINAKARAN CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT . ENVIRONMENT AND DR. MURLI MANOHAR 23.12.2005 FORESTS JOSHI CHANGE OF CLIMATES . ENVIRONMENT AND 25.11.2005 FORESTS SHRI DARA SINGH CLIMATE CHANGE IN INDIA . SHRI JESUDASU FIVE POINT AGENDA FOR IMPROVEMENT OF 09.08.2005 FINANCE SEELAM INVESTMENT CLIMATE . COMMERCE AND EFFECT OF CLIMATE ON PRODUCTION OF TEA 16.03.2005 INDUSTRY SHRI MATILAL SARKAR COFFEE AND COTTON . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI EKANATH K. 16.07.2004 FORESTS THAKUR REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE ENVIRONMENT AND 16.07.2004 FORESTS PROF. SAIF‐UD‐DIN SOZ COMMITTEE ON CLIMATE CHANGE . ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE TECHNOLOGY BAZAAR AND 05.12.2003 FORESTS SHRI NANA DESHMUKH CONFERENCE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON 09.05.2003 AGRICULTURE SHRIMATI N.P. DURGA AGRICULTURE FINANCE & COMPANY DR. T. SUBBARAMI 25.02.2003 AFFAIRS REDDY INVESTMENT CLIMATE FOR NRIS . SHRI PARMESHWAR REJECTION OF DELHI DECLARATION AT THE 04.12.2002 POWER KUMAR AGARWALLA CLIMATE CHANGE MEET BY THE EU . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI A. IMPACT OF DELHI DECLARATION ON CLIMATE 22.11.2002 FORESTS VIJAYARAGHAVAN CHANGE ON INDUSTRY . ENVIRONMENT AND SHRI BHAGATRAM 22.11.2002 FORESTS MANHAR UN CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE . SHRIMATI AMBIKA CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGRICULTURAL 09.08.2002 AGRICULTURE SONI PRODUCTION . SHRI MAN MOHAN 26.04.2002 AGRICULTURE SAMAL CLIMATE CHANGES IN AGRICULTURE . COMMERCE AND SHRI NARENDRA 23.04.2002 INDUSTRY MOHAN INVESTMENT CLIMATE OF STATES NCAER SURVEY ON INVESTMENT CLIMATE IN 19.12.2000 FINANCE SHRI JIBON ROY INDIA QUESTION . 07.08.1997 PRIME MINISTER SHRI S. MUTHU MANI LAUNCHING OF CLIMATE SATELLITE .
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1722 ANSWERED ON‐26.08.2013
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Damodaran Panels report on business climate 1722 . SHRI PIYUSH GOYAL
(a) whether Government has appointed Damodaran Panel to suggest steps to improve the overall business climate in the country and if so, the details thereof;
(b) whether the Panel has submitted its report to Government and if so, the details thereof and the measures taken by Government on the recommendations of the Panel;
(c) if not, by when the report is likely to be submitted to Government; and
(d) the details of other steps taken/being taken by Government to improve the business climate in the country? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) IN THE MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS (SHRI SACHIN PILOT)
(a) to (c):‐ The Chairman of the Committee has circulated the draft report for comments, if any, by 26th August, 2013. The report will be submitted to the Government soon thereafter.
(d):‐ The Companies Bill, 2013 which has been passed by the Parliament incorporates certain important provisions with regard to following matters to facilitate ease of doing business in India:‐ i) Faster incorporation/registration of companies through fully electronic MCA‐21 Registry provided; ii) Companies allowed to maintain records and hold meetings through e‐governance mode; iii) Companies empowered to function in a manner which is ‘self‐regulated with disclosures/transparency’ rather than ‘Government/regulatory approval based regime’; iv) Concepts of ‘One Person Company’ and ‘Small Company’ recognized to allow new entrepreneurs to take advantage of corporate form of business; v) Faster mergers and acquisitions including short form of merger and cross border mergers allowed; vi) Time bound approvals through National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT); vii) Summary liquidation process for a class of companies provided.
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1560 ANSWERED ON‐23.08.2013 Impact of climate change on agriculture
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1560 . SHRI N. BALAGANGA
(a) whether Government has conducted any study to find out the impact of climate change on agriculture sector;
(b) if so, the details thereof including the reaction of Government thereto;
(c) whether Government’s agricultural research institutes have conducted any study to assess the impact of global warming on agricultural production in different parts of the country;
(d) if so, the details thereof; and
(e) the steps taken by Government to deal with the impact of climate change on agricultural sector in the country? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES (SHRI TARIQ ANWAR)
(a) & (b): Yes, Sir. Realizing that the climate change is likely to have major impacts on agriculture, the Government through Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has assessed the impact of climate change on Indian agriculture under different scenarios using crop simulation models.
(c) & (d): Yes, Sir. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has conducted climate change impact analysis on crop yields through various centres in different parts of the country using crop simulation models (INFO‐CROP and HAD CM3) for 2020, 2050 and 2080. The results indicate variability in temperature and rainfall pattern with significant impacts on crop yields. These studies projected reduction in yields of irrigated rice by about 4% in 2020, 7% in 2050 and 10% in 2080.
Rainfed rice yields are likely to be reduced by 6% in 2020, but in 2050 and 2080 they are projected to decrease only marginally (<2.5%). Climate change is projected to reduce timely‐sown irrigated wheat production by about 6% in 2020. In case of late sown wheat, however, the projected reductions are to the extent of 18, 23 and 25 percent in 2020, 2050 and 2080 respectively. Yields of irrigated kharif maize may decrease by about 18% in 2020 and 2050 and about 23% in 2080 due to climate change. Rainfed sorghum yields are projected to decline marginally (2.5%) in 2020 scenario and by about 8% in 2050.
(e) The Government through Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has initiated a network project on ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture’ (NICRA) to enhance resilience of Indian agriculture through Strategic Research on adaptation and mitigation (covering crops, livestock, fisheries and natural resource management), Technology Demonstration, Capacity Building and Sponsored/Competitive Grant Projects.
Besides, a mission document on National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) was accorded in‐ principle approval by the Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change. NMSA identifies 10 key dimensions for promoting sustainable agriculture practices by implementing programme of action through four functional areas, namely, Research and Development, Technologies, products and practices, Infrastructures and Capacity building. The programmes of action have been embedded and mainstreamed under the ongoing schemes of Ministry of Agriculture through selective up‐scaling and course correction measures.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1403 ANSWERED ON‐22.08.2013 Funds for climate change related issues 1403 . SHRI N. BALAGANGA
(a) whether Government has earmarked funds in the current Five Year Plan to address climate change related issues; (b) if so, the details of such funds, scheme‐wise, State‐wise, including the State of Tamil Nadu; and (c) the steps taken by Government to ensure utilization of such funds and the completion of such projects? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) & (b) During the 12th Five Year Plan, a new thematic scheme on “Climate Change Action Programme (CCAP)” with an outlay of Rs. 290 crores has been approved to build capacity and support implementation of relevant climate change related actions at the national and state level. This scheme comprises of eight activities. The budget under each activity of CCAP for the 12th Five Year Plan period (2012‐17) is given in Annexure‐I.
The aforesaid scheme, provides support to States through the process of the State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC). However, no specific allocation has been made for the State Governments including the State of Tamil Nadu in this regard.
(c) Government has set up a National Steering Committee on Climate Change which monitors and evaluates the fund utilisation and progress made under SAPCCs. Annexure referred to budget under each activity of CCAP for the 12th Five Year Plan period (2012-17) of Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 1403 due for reply on 22.8.2013
****** S. Activities under the scheme Total funds No. (in crores)
1 Coordination of National Action Plan on Climate 0.65 Change
2 State Action Plan on Climate Change 90.00
3 National Institute for Climate Change Studies & 25.00 Actions
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4 National Carbonaceous Aerosols Programme 84.00
5 Long Term Ecological Observatories for Climate 40.00 Change Studies
6 Coordinated Studies on Climate Change for 5.00 North Eastern Region
7 International Negotiations & Contributions 24.00
8 Capacity Building 16.00
9 Other administrative and foreign travels 5.35
Total for 5 years 290.00
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐477 ANSWERED ON‐08.08.2013 Plan to deal with climate change 477 . SHRI PARIMAL NATHWANI
(a) whether there is any national plan to deal with the climatic change; if so, the details thereof; (b) whether Centre has directed the State Governments to develop their own "State Action Plan for Climatic Change"; the details thereof; (c) the details of the States which have the Action Plan and those which are yet to prepare the Action Plan and where stands the State of Jharkhand in this regard; and (d) in what manner the State Action Plan for climate change will be integrated to the National Action Plan for climatic change? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) Government has released the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on June 30, 2008. NAPCC comprises, inter alia, of eight National Missions in specific areas of Solar Energy, Enhanced Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Habitat, Water, Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system, Green India, Sustainable Agriculture and Strategic knowledge for Climate Change.
(b) to (d) As a follow‐up to the announcement made by Prime Minsiter’s in the State Environment Ministers’ Meeting held in August, 2009, States have been advised to prepare the State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) in‐line with the objectives of the NAPCC.
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22 states namely, Andaman and Nicobar, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Delhi, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala, Karnataka, Lakshadweep, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odhisa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttrakhand, Himachal Pradesh and West Bengal have prepared the SAPCC. Jharkhand State is yet to submit the SAPCC report to the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐18 ANSWERED ON‐05.08.2013 Survey of climate change in Uttarakhand 18 . SHRI D.P. TRIPATHI
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION No. *18 TO BE ANSWERED ON MONDAY, AUGUST 05, 2013
SURVEY OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN UTTARAKHAND
*18. SHRI. D. P. TRIPATHI:
Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:
(a) whether the Ministry has conducted any survey of climate change and its fallout in Uttarakhand (Kedarnath); and (b) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor? ANSWER ANSWER MINISTER FOR MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES (SHRI S. JAIPAL REDDY)
(a) to (b): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT LAID ON THE TABLE OF THE RAJYA SABHA IN REPLY (a) to (b) TO STARRED QUESTION NO. *18 REGARDING “SURVEY OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN UTTARAKHAND” TO BE ANSWERED ON MONDAY, AUGUST 05, 2013
(a) No Sir. However, the Government of Uttarakhand had prepared a comprehensive Uttarakhand Action Plan for Climate Change (UAPCC) in 2012 to address the possible adverse impacts of climate change. Results of the modeling studies carried out by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune of the Earth System Science Organization (ESSO) of this Ministry was part of the UAPCC and also the report released by the Ministry of Environment & Forests in 2010 entitled “Climate Change and
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India: A 4X4 Assessment ‐ A Sectoral and Regional Analysis for 2030s” which has assessed impacts of climate change on four sectors namely Agriculture, Natural Ecosystems and Biodiversity, Water resources and Health on four regions namely, Himalayan, Western Ghat, North‐eastern and Coastal regions.
(b) Key findings relating to Himalayan region as delineated in UAPCC are as follows: • The mean annual temperature is projected to increase from 0.9±0.6oC to 2.6±0.7oC in the 2030s. • The annual rainfall in the Himalayan region is likely to vary between 1268±225.2 and 1604±175.2 mm in 2030s i.e. likely to increase by 5% to 13% with respect to 1970s. • Livestock productivity is projected to rise in many parts of Himalayan region during March–September with a maximum rise during April–July in 2030s with respect to 1970s. • The Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is projected to increase in the region by about 57% on an average by the 2030s. • Projections of malaria transmission windows for the 2030s, based on temperature, reveal introduction of new foci in Jammu and Kashmir and an increase in opening of more transmission months in districts of the Himalayan region and north‐eastern states. • The water yield in this region is likely to increase by 5%–20% in most of the areas, with some areas of Jammu and Kashmir and Uttarakhand showing an increase of up to 50% with respect to the 1970s. • The frequency of rainy days is set to decrease in most parts of the country, except in the Himalayas, the Northwestern region and the Southern plateau. The intensity of the rainy days increases are likely by 2‐12% in the Himalayan region, Northeastern region, Western and Northwestern regions and the Southern Eastern coastal regions. • Projected changes in temperature extremes indicate that the daily extremes in surface air temperature may intensify in the 2030’s. The spatial pattern of the change in the lowest daily minimum and highest maximum temperature suggests a warming of 1 to 4oC towards 2030’s.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐36 ANSWERED ON‐05.08.2013 Climate model 36 . SHRI S. THANGAVELU
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 36 TO BE ANSWERED ON MONDAY, AUGUST 05, 2013
CLIMATE MODEL
36. SHRI S. THANGAVELU:
Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:
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(a) whether it is a fact that India must develop a climate model; (b) if so, the details thereof; (c) whether it is a fact that the country is using its model mainly for predicting the monsoon; and (d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER
ANSWER MINISTER FOR MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES (SHRI S. JAIPAL REDDY)
(a) Yes Sir. (b) Government has launched the National Monsoon Mission to set up a state‐of‐the‐art climate model for a) improved prediction of monsoon rainfall on extended range to seasonal time scale (16 days to one season) and b) improved prediction of temperature, rainfall and extreme weather events on short to medium range time scale (up to 15 days).
(c) Yes Sir.
(d) At present operational extended range to seasonal forecasts are prepared using statistical methods which have constraints and limitations. Experimental forecasts from the research version of the climate model are generated and its performance is regularly evaluated with that of the existing models since 2011 apart from building focused R & D efforts to improve the model.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐580 ANSWERED ON‐07.05.2013 Review of the National Action Plan on Climate Change 580 . SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY
(a) whether Government has carried out any monitoring or review of the implementation of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) that was released in 2008 by the Prime Minister; (b) if so, the details thereof; (c) if not, the reasons therefor; and (d) the status of implementation of the NAPCC’s recommendation in the States for targeting a Renewable Energy Procurement Obligation (RPO) of 15 per cent by 2020? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) to (d) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
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Statement referred to in reply to Part (a) to (d) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 580 by Shri Rajiv Pratap Rudy regarding “Review of National Action Plan on Climate Change”
(a) to (c) Government regularly reviews the progress under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), based on the information provided by the concerned nodal Ministry. An ‘Executive Committee on Climate Change’ has been set up in January, 2013 under the chairmanship of Principal Secretary to Prime Minister to monitor and review the implementation of the Missions and other initiatives under the NAPCC.
(d) Renewable Energy Procurement Obligation (RPO) has been the major driving force in India to promote the renewable energy sector. However, the NAPCC has not set any target for RPO. The Mission Document on Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission has indicated that RPO is the key driver for promoting solar power. Further, the National Tariff Policy (NTP) 2006 was amended in 2011 to prescribe that solar‐specific RPO be increased from a minimum of 0.25% in 2012 to 3% in 2022.
NAPCC also suggests that starting 2009‐10, the national renewable energy standard may be set at 5 % of total purchase of grid electricity and to increase by 1% each year for the next 10 years. As per the Central Electricity Authority’s estimates the share of rentable power in total electricity mix in 2011‐12 and during the period April‐August 2012 was 5.52% and 7% respectively, which was broadly in line with the suggestions for the share of renewable power in the electricity mix made in NAPCC.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3735 ANSWERED ON‐30.04.2013 National plan for climate change 3735 . SHRI RAGHUNANDAN SHARMA
(a) whether Government has formulated any national plan regarding climate change; (b) if so, the details thereof and the details of those States along with Madhya Pradesh where this action plan is likely to be implemented; and (c) by when work is likely to start under this plan? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) to (c) Government has released the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on June 30, 2008 that outlines eight National missions and 24 other initiatives in specific areas of solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, sustainable habitat, water, sustaining Himalayan ecosystems, green India, sustainable agriculture and strategic knowledge for climate change. The National Missions under NAPCC have been implemented by nodal ministries. State Governments including Madya Pradesh have been requested to prepare State Action Plans on Climate Change for implementation.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐456 ANSWERED ON‐26.04.2013 Impact of climate change on crop yeilds 456 . SHRI K.V.P. RAMACHANDRA RAO
(a) whether it is a fact that the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has conducted climate change impact assessment studies using the crop simulation models;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) what reduction in crop yields has been projected? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE (SHRI SHARAD PAWAR)
(a) to (c): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
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STATEMENT IN RESPECT OF PARTS (a) TO (c) of RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 456 TO BE ANSWERED ON 26/04/2013 REGARDING “IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP YIELDS” ______
(a) & (b): Yes, Sir. Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has conducted climate change impact analysis on crop yields using crop simulation models (INFO‐CROP and HAD CM3) incorporating future projections for 2020, 2050 and 2080. (c) Simulation studies projected reduction in yields of irrigated rice by about 4% in 2020, 7% in 2050 and by 10% in 2080 scenarios. On the other hand, rainfed rice yields in India are likely to be reduced by nearly 6% in 2020 scenario, but in 2050 and 2080 scenarios, they are projected to decrease only marginally (<2.5%).
Similarly, climate change is projected to reduce timely sown irrigated wheat production by about 6% in 2020 from the existing values. In case of late sown wheat, the projected reduction levels are to the extent of 18, 23 and 25 percent in 2020, 2050 and 2080 respectively.
The yields of irrigated kharif maize are projected to reduce by about 18% in 2020 and 2050 scenarios and about 23% in 2080 due to climate change. Rainfed sorghum yields are projected to marginally (2.5%) decline in 2020 scenario and about 8% in 2050.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3119 ANSWERED ON‐23.04.2013 National Action Plan on Climate Change 3119 . SHRI T.M. SELVAGANAPATHI
(a) whether it is a fact that a sum of Rs. 2,30,000 crore would be required to meet the targets under the National Action Plan on Climate Change; (b) if so, the details thereof; (c) whether it is also a fact that the additional steps suggested under the Twelfth Plan and other environmental initiatives would require yet more resources; and (d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) and (b) According to the estimates available in the 12th Five Year Plan document prepared by Planning Commission of India, an amount of Rs. 2,30,000 crores would be required to meet the targets under National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). However, the requirement as indicated in the Mission Documents prepared by Nodal Ministries of respective Mission is Rs. 253208.35 crores. Details are given in Annexure.
(c) and (d) During the 12th Five Year Plan, a new thematic scheme on “Climate Change Action Programme” with an outlay of Rs. 300 crores has been approved to build capacity and support implementation of relevant actions at the national and state level. Other environmental initiative during the 12th Five Year Plan includes the low carbon strategy for sustainable development for which resource requirement has not been indicated in the plan document. Annexure
Annexure referred to Part (a) to (b) of Unstarred Question No. 3119 raised by Shri T.M. Selvaganapathi regarding National Action Plan on Climate Change
Requirements of additional funds for Missions under the NAPCC
Total Missions (Rs. in crores) Sl. No. 1 National Solar Mission 4337.00 2 National Mission on Enhanced Energy 425.35 Efficiency 3 National Mission on Sustainable Habitat 1000.00 4 National Water Mission 89101.00 5 National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture 1,08,000.00 6 National Mission on Sustaining Himalayan 1695.00
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Ecosystem 7 Green India Mission 46000.00 8 National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for 2650.00 Climate Change Total 253208.35
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2815 ANSWERED ON‐22.03.2013 Impact of climate change 2815 . SHRI N.K. SINGH
(a) whether any studies have been performed to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) if not, the reasons therefor;
(d) whether Government has undertaken or proposes to implement any adaptation measures in response to the impact of climate change on agriculture;
(e) if so, the details thereof; and
(f) if not, the reasons therefor? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES (SHRI TARIQ ANWAR)
(a) & (b): Yes, Sir. ICAR has assessed the impact of climate change on agriculture using the crop simulation models under the Network Program on Climate Change. Reduction in crop yields has been projected for irrigated maize, wheat, irrigated and rainfed rice to the extent of 18, 6, 4 and 6 percent respectively in 2020.
(c) Not applicable.
(d) & (e): Yes, Sir. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) under ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture’ (NICRA) has undertaken adaptation measures through demonstration of improved practices on farmers’ fields in 130 districts to cope up with various climatic aberrations. Contingent plans for 400 districts have been completed out of targeted 572 districts in the country. Automatic weather stations have been established in 100 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) located in vulnerable 19 Compiled by ENVIS Centre, WWF‐India 10/8/2013
Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 districts to improve the agro‐advisory services to the farmers. Besides, 100 Village Climate Risk Management Committees (VCRMCs) and Custom Hiring Centers (CHCs) are being established. A total of 34 training programmes were conducted to train 1443 scientific personnel on climate resilient agriculture and more than 27,000 farmers were trained through 370 farmers’ awareness programmes.
Department of Agriculture Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India has implemented various schemes/programmes, namely, Macro Management of Agriculture (MMA), Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY), National Food Security Mission (NFSM), National Horticulture Mission (NHM), and National Mission on Microirrigation (NMMI) etc. to make Indian Agriculture climate resilient by embedding and mainstreaming various adaptation measures. Besides, National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) is under consideration in XII Plan for implementation of various interventions to address the issue of climate change.
(f) Not applicable.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2371 ANSWERED ON‐19.03.2013 Green Climate Fund for climate change mitigation and adoption 2371 . SHRI JESUDASU SEELAM
(a) whether Government has an estimate of potential resources that it is likely to receive for climate change mitigation and adaptation of projects through the Green Climate Fund (GCF);
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether Government is planning or has planned an action plan for the likely disbursements of these resources;
(d) if so, the details thereof;
(e) whether a nodal agency at national level has been designated for controlling and monitoring disbursements of the assistance obtained from GCF;
(f) whether Government plans to include stakeholder inputs for the likely disbursement of these finances; and
(g) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE (SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) and (b) At the 16th session of the Conference of Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) held in Cancun, Mexico in December 2010, the Green Climate
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Fund (GCF) as an operating entity of the financial mechanism of the UNFCCC was established. The GCF will support projects, programmes, policies and other activities in developing country Parties. Further, the developed countries committed to provide, in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation, to a goal of mobilizing jointly USD 100 billion per year by 2020 to address the needs of developing countries. The GCF will play a key role in channeling new, additional, adequate and predictable financial resources to developing countries. All developing country Parties to the Convention including India are eligible to receive resources from the GCF. The Board of the GCF is now engaged on resource mobilization issues.
(c) and (d) At the 17th session of the COP to UNFCCC held in Durban, South Africa in December 2011, the GCF was further operationalized and the Governing Instrument of the GCF was approved. The GCF is governed by the Board, comprising 24 members with equal representation from developing and developed countries. The Board of the GCF is now engaged in developing the necessary arrangements, including access modalities. India and other developing countries have called for its early capitalization by developed countries.
(e) to (g) As per the Governing Instrument of the GCF, access to GCF resources will be through national, regional and international implementing entities accredited by the Board. Recipient countries will determine the mode of access and both modalities can be used simultaneously. The developing countries are expected to set up and/or designate national implementing entities to receive and disburse funds for mitigation and adaptation according to approved procedures in a country driven model of development. As per the Governing instrument of the GCF, the Board has to develop mechanisms to promote the input and participation of stakeholders, including private‐sector actors, civil society organizations, vulnerable groups, women and indigenous peoples, in the design, development and implementation of the strategies and activities to be financed by the Fund. Identification of national implementing entities is to be based on accreditation criteria as laid down and will be taken up in a transparent manner in consultation with stakeholders on specific request of the GCF. The 12th Five Year Plan envisages necessary steps in this regard in the context of implementing nationally appropriate mitigation actions. *****
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2229 ANSWERED ON‐18.03.2013 Study on effect of climate change on ground water 2229 . SHRI K.N. BALAGOPAL
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 2229 TO BE ANSWERED ON MONDAY, MARCH 18, 2013
STUDY ON EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON GROUND WATER
2229. SHRI K. N. BALAGOPAL:
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Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:
(a) whether Government has the data regarding change in ground water level due to climate change; (b) if so, the details thereof; and (c) whether there is any scientific study which proves the relation between ground water level and climate change? ANSWER ANSWER MINISTER FOR MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES (SHRI S. JAIPAL REDDY)
(a) No Sir.
(b) Does not arise.
(c) Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) of the Ministry of Water Resources monitors regional level ground water levels through a network of 15643 observation wells but no information of the change in ground water levels with respect of climate change is available. Globally, the knowledge of current ground water recharge levels is poor as there has been very little research on the future impact of climate change on ground water except few isolated studies taken up very recently over UK and Africa.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1614 ANSWERED ON‐12.03.2013 Funds for climate change projects and renewable energy 1614 . SHRIMATI VANDANA CHAVAN
(a)the amount spent by the Central Government on climate change mitigation and adaptation related projects in the last Five Year Plan and the share of energy efficiency, renewable energy and other related projects in these funds;
(b)the number and details of international and national funds to which India has access to and is currently being utilized for financing climate change related project in India; and
(c)whether Government deems it possible to make a single corpus exclusively for renewable energy sector, drawing from these National and International funds in view of high capital requirement and financing in this sector? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE (SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
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(a) There is no specific Budget head under the category “climate change”. Government of India follows the policy of sustainable development through a range of policies and programmes with co‐benefit in terms of climate change. As such, Government budgetary support for climate change action come as sectoral finance and is built into the ongoing schemes and programmes and reflected in many of its social and economic development programmes. Government launched the National Action Plan on Climate Change in the Eleventh Plan which comprises, inter alia, eight national missions covering the areas of solar energy, energy efficiency, habitat, agriculture, water, Himalayan ecosystems, forestry and strategic knowledge. The mission documents have been finalised by the Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change and are at various stages of implementation. The nodal Ministries entrusted with implementation of the missions are yet to fully assess the likely costs, however, the preliminary estimates indicate a sum of Rs. 230000 crore to fulfill the Mission objectives.
(b) The Global Environment Facility (GEF) which is an operating entity of the financial mechanism of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) provides project grants for addressing environmental issues. Further, there are other Funds under the UNFCCC such as the Special Climate Change Fund, the Least Developed Countries Fund, and the Adaptation Fund. Till date, India has accessed about US$ 269.5 million under the climate change focal area of GEF. At the same time, the Climate Investment Fund (CIF) ‐‐ a collaborative effort among the multilateral development banks‐‐is offering its funds for climate actions. India has agreed ‘in principle’ to accessing the CIF and the Trust Fund Committee in May 2012 has approved the allocation of the first tranche amounting to US $ 263 million. At the National level the Finance Bill 2010‐11 created a corpus called the National Clean Energy Fund (NCEF) out of a cess at the rate of Rs. 50 per tonne of coal to invest in entrepreneurial ventures and research in the field of clean energy technologies. The government expects to collect Rs. 10,000 crore under the NCEF by 2015.
(c) Clean energy including renewables is a priority for the Government for advancing environmental sustainability. Union Budget 2013‐14 has proposed to provide low interest bearing funds from the National Clean Energy Fund (NCEF) to IREDA to on‐lend to viable renewable energy projects. Considering the large resource requirement, international support through agreed multilateral sources can finance actions for agreed priorities and thrust areas. *****
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1457 ANSWERED ON‐11.03.2013 Study of climate changes in J and K 1457 . SHRI G.N. RATANPURI
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 1457 TO BE ANSWERED ON MONDAY, MARCH 11, 2013
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STUDY OF CLIMATE CHANGES IN J & K
1457. SHRI G. N. RATANPURI:
Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:
(a) whether the Ministry has conducted any survey of climate changes and their fallout in J & K; (b) if not, the reasons therefor and if so, the details thereof; and (c) whether the reports on shrinking of glaciers and dwindling water resources are based on the facts and are cause of alarm? ANSWER ANSWER MINISTER FOR MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES (SHRI S. JAIPAL REDDY)
(a) Yes Sir.
(b) Studies carried out so far indicate an increasing but statistically insignificant trend (at 95% confidence level) in winter precipitation in the Northwestern Himalayas including J & K and statistically significant (95% level of confidence) decreasing trend in monsoon and overall annual precipitation during 1866– 2006. Temperature data show significant increasing trends especially in winter and monsoon except over the Karakoram region.
(c) The areal extent of 1317 glaciers were monitored using satellite data shows overall 16% deglaciation till 2004 in Himalayas. Kumdan glaciers, of the Upper Shyok valley, have been the only exception which shows advancement in the glacial extent. The retreat during the nineties, began to slow down in respect of Siachen glacier, Machoi glacier, Darung Drung glacier, Gangotri glacier, Satopanth‐Bhagirath Kharak glaciers and the Zemu glacier. These glaciers have not shown any retreat during the period 2007‐09. In one study on the Gangotri glacier, it has been shown that there is no significant change in discharge during 1999‐2003.
National Action Plan on Climate Change has formulated a Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem primarily to seek and understand to what extent the glaciers are in recession and how the problem can be addressed.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐786 ANSWERED ON‐05.03.2013 Outcome of Doha Climate Change Conference 2012 786 . SHRI Y.S. CHOWDARY
(a) the Outcome of Doha Climate change Conference held on 8th December, 2012; (b) whether India raised its concern to protect its interests ;
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(c) if so, the details thereof; and (d) the details of the decisions taken in the Conference ? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) to (d) The key outcomes of the eighteenth Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) held in Doha, Qatar from November 26 to December 8, 2012 include amendment of the Kyoto Protocol to implement the second commitment period for emissions reductions by developed country parties under the Protocol; successful conclusion of the work under the Bali Action Plan (BAP); and planning further work under the Durban Platform (DP) for Enhanced Action for post‐2020 arrangements agreed to at Durban last year. The Conference addressed all the three issues and came out with a package, which balanced the interests and obligations of various countries. At the Doha Conference, India pursued the strategy of working together with the Group of77 & China in order to protect the overall interests of developing countries. During the Conference, India raised the issues of equity in climate change related actions and commitments, technology‐related Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and unilateral measures taken by some countries in the name of climate change and succeeded in having these issues included in the ongoing work of various bodies of the Convention. India successfully defended the nature of its voluntary domestic goal of reducing emissions intensity of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 20‐25% by 2020 in comparison with 2005 level and ensured that agriculture, a sensitive sector of our economy, was not included in the mitigation work programme proposed to be launched at the global level.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐180 ANSWERED ON‐26.02.2013 Effected climate change on Himalayas 180 . SHRI AMBETH RAJAN
(a) whether it is a fact that the worst effect of climate change is felt in Himalayas and rivers originating from there; and (b) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) and (b) Studies conducted by the Geological Survey of India projects likely impacts of glacier melting in Himalayan region, changes in river hydrology, increased debris production and siltation of rivers in downstream regions. Scientific studies and assessments relating to climate change report titled “Climate Change and India: 4X4 Assessment ‐ A Sectoral and Regional Analysis for 2030s” also projects that there is likelihood of impacts of climate change in 2030s on “Agriculture, Natural ecosystem, Biodiversity, Human health and Water” in Himalayan region.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2665 ANSWERED ON‐18.12.2012 UN report on climate change 2665 . SHRI RAM JETHMALANI
(a) whether Government''s attention has been drawn towards a report recently released by United Nation''s (UN) Environment Programme regarding climate change; (b) if so, whether this report expresses concern regarding environment getting toxic throughout the world; (c) if so, the reaction of Government thereto; (d) whether this report also outlines the reasons responsible for such a scenario; (e) if so, the details thereof; and (f) Whether Government has any plans to resolve this problem in India? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) to (e) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has released a report in 2012 on Emissions Gap. As per the report, the global emissions in 2020 are likely to be 58Gt (gigatonnes) of carbon‐dioxide equivalent if action is not taken by nations to reduce emissions to keep the global temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius. The report points out that even if the most ambitious level of pledges and commitments were implemented by all countries under the strictest set of rules, there will be a gap in the desired emissions level and efforts of countries to the extent of 8 Gt of carbon‐dioxide equivalent by 2020. The report also points out that it is technically and economically feasible to bridge the gap through accelerated uptake of renewable energy, fuel switching and energy efficiency improvements.
(f) Government of India is committed to the global goal of limiting the temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius through enhanced actions under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change on the basis of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. Government is implementing the National Action Plan on Climate Change to support domestic actions for adaptation and mitigation. Government has also announced a domestic mitigation goal of reducing emissions intensity of GDP by 20‐25% by 2020 in comparison with 2005 level. This is in line with the projections of the energy intensity of India’s output that has shown a declining trend owing to improvements in energy efficiency, autonomous technological changes and economical use of energy. This domestic mitigation goal and the objectives of the National Action Plan on Climate Change are part of the sustainable development strategy outlined in the twelfth five year plan (12th FYP).
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2539
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ANSWERED ON‐17.12.2012 Research on climate change at North Pole 2539 . SHRI DARSHAN SINGH YADAV
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 2539 TO BE ANSWERED ON MONDAY, DECEMBER 17, 2012
RESEARCH ON CLIMATE CHANGE AT NORTH POLE
2539. SHRI DARSHAN SINGH YADAV:
Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:
(a) whether Government proposes to conduct research on climate change at North Pole; (b) if so, the details thereof; (c) the estimated expenditure likely to be incurred thereon; (d) whether any agreement has been signed with any other country in this regard; and (e) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER ANSWER MINISTER FOR MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES (SHRI S. JAIPAL REDDY)
(a) No Sir. However, India has set up its Arctic research station ‐ Himadri at Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway in 2008, located as a part of the International Arctic Research Facility, Ny‐Ålesund (one of the world''s northernmost settlements at 78°55'N 11°56'E about 1200Km south of the north pole), primarily to conduct coordinated research in i) Geological mapping and allied earth science studies; ii) Biogeochemistry of sea‐ice ecosystems; iii) Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry; iv) Glaciological Studies; v) Paleo‐climatology etc.
(b) Does not arise.
(c) Does not arise.
(d) No Sir.
(e) Does not arise.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2330
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ANSWERED ON‐14.12.2012 Impact of climate change 2330 . SHRI N.K. SINGH
(a) whether Government has prepared action plans for management of the likely effects of climate change on agriculture;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether the effect of climate change could cause scarcity of agricultural products; and
(d) if so, the plans formulated by Government to face the situation? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES (SHRI TARIQ ANWAR)
(a) & (b): Yes, Sir. The Government of India has implemented schemes/programmes, viz., Macro Management of Agriculture (MMA), Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY), National Food Security Mission (NFSM), National Horticulture Mission (NHM) and National Mission on Micro Irrigation (NMMI) to make Indian Agriculture climate resilient by embedding and mainstreaming various adaptation measures. Besides, Mission document on the ‘National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture’ (NMSA) has been approved by the Planning Commission for implementation of interventions to address the issue of climate change. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has initiated a Network Project entitled ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture’ (NICRA) to enhance resilience of Indian Agriculture to climate change and climate vulnerability through strategic research, technology demonstration, capacity building and sponsored/competitive grants for R&D. The Council is also providing improved agro‐advisories on real time weather data for appropriate agronomic interventions and preparing District Level Contingency Plans for 572 target districts of the country.
(c) & (d): As such there is no scarcity of food grains foreseen. However, for contingency requirement, the Government of India has in place system for food grain production, procurement, storage and distribution. *******
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐992 ANSWERED ON‐03.12.2012 Database for measuring climate change 992 . SHRI PANKAJ BORA
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION No. 992
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TO BE ANSWERED ON MONDAY, DECEMBER 03, 2012
DATABASE FOR MEASURING CLIMATE CHANGE
992. SHRI PANKAJ BORA:
Will the Minister of EARTH SCIENCES be pleased to state:
(a) whether Government has any proposal to use remote earth sensing for establishing a strong database for measuring climate changes; (b) whether any study has been carried out by Government to assess the impact of such database for prevention and control of global warming in the Indian region; and (c) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER ANSWER MINISTER FOR MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES (SHRI S. JAIPAL REDDY)
(a) Yes Sir. The Department of Space has been pursuing to organize due institutional arrangements for building up information base required for climate change impact assessment for National Information System for Climate and Environment Studies (NICES) at the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Hyderabad.
(b) No Sir.
(c) Does not arise.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐1 ANSWERED ON‐22.11.2012 Need for a conducive climate for investment 1 . SHRI D.P. TRIPATHI
(a) Whether it is a fact that there is an urgent need for opening up of educational sector and overhauling the financial sector to create a conducive climate for investment; and
(b) If so, the action Government is taking in this regard? ANSWER To be answered by Minister of Finance
(SHRI P. CHIDAMBARAM)
(a) & (b): A statement is placed on the table of the House.
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Statement on the table of Rajya Sabha in reply to Parts (a) and (b) of the Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 1 regarding ‘Need for a conducive climate for investment’ raised by Shri D.P. Tripathi for reply on 22nd November, 2012. Acknowledging the need for opening up of education sector and overhauling the financial sector to create a conducive climate for investment Government has taken many initiatives as indicated below: (I) Opening up of education sector: i. School Education and Literacy: There have been several initiatives to open up the school education sector with the objective to improve the outcome. Some of them are indicated below. a. Model School Scheme: The scheme for setting up of 6,000 Model Schools at block level, at the rate of one school per block as benchmark of excellence, was launched in November, 2008. This includes 2,500 schools to be set up under Public- Private Partnership (PPP) mode in blocks which are not educationally backward. The component for setting up of model schools under PPP mode has been approved by the Government in November, 2011 and implementation of this component has been initiated from 2012-13. It is expected that this scheme will bring in the private investment for creation of infrastructure. b. Mid Day Meal Programme: The Guidelines for the scheme provide that, as far as possible, the responsibility of cooking/supply of cooked midday meal should be assigned to local women’s/mothers’ Self-Help Group or local Youth Clubs affiliated to the Nehru Yuva Kendras or a voluntary organization or by personnel engaged directly by the Village Education Committee/Parent Teacher Association/Mother Teacher Association/Gram Panchayat/Municipality. Involvement of Self Help Group under the scheme is increasing gradually. The increased people’s participation is likely to bring in better results. c. Model Adult Education Centres: With a view to promote convergence of Saakshar Bharat Programme and its activities with Public Sector Undertakings through PPP mode, several consultations have been held with the Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) with a view to elicit their support for Saashar Bharat Programme under their Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives. Container Corporation of India Ltd. has provided Rs. 2.5 crore for upgradation of 100 Adult Education Centres into Model Adult Education Centres in States during 2011-12. In addition, Power Finance Corporation Ltd. and rural electrification corporation have provided financial assistance of Rs. 6.6 crore and Rs. 10.5 crore for strengthening of 264 and 320 Adult Education Centres (AECs) into Model AECs respectively. ii. Higher Education: The National Policy on Education, 1986 (as modified in 1992) encourages non-governmental and voluntary efforts in Education, while preventing the establishment of institutions which intend to commercialize Education. The Policy envisages that in the interest of maintaining standards and for several other valid reasons, the commercialization of technical and professional education will be curbed. An alternative system will be devised to involve private and voluntary efforts in Education, in conformity with accepted norms and goals. At present, private sector participation exists in the funding and of management of educational institutions as long as surplus earned is reasonable and the same is ploughed back for development of institution. Several pronouncements of the Supreme
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Court of India have also cautioned against commercialization of education, even though reasonable surplus for institution’s development is permissible. The XI Plan document as approved by the National Development Council, had mentioned the need to further explore private sector initiatives and various forms of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the education sector. The Approach to the XII Plan also mentions the urgent need to step up both public and private investment in higher education. (II) As regards creation of conducive climate for investment following initiatives have been taken: i. Harmonised Master List of Infrastructure: In pursuance of the decision of the Cabinet Committee on Infrastructure, Department of Economic Affairs have brought out a Gazette Notification of March 27, 2012 on harmonized master list of infrastructure. Education Institutions (Capital stock) has been included in the harmonized master list. Different regulators have been advised to adopt the same list with the objective of creating an enabling regulatory framework which will spur investment in infrastructure sub-sectors. ii. Infrastructure Debt fund (IDF): Infrastructure projects, given their long pay-back period, require long-term financing in order to be sustainable and cost effective. However, banks which have been the main source of funding these projects are unable to provide long-term funding, given their asset-liability mismatch. IDFs through innovative means of credit enhancement is expected to provide long-term low-cost debt for infrastructure projects by tapping into source of savings like Insurance and Pension Funds which have hitherto played a comparatively limited role in financing infrastructure. By refinancing bank loans of existing projects the IDFs are expected to take over a fairly large volume of the existing bank debt that will release an equivalent volume for fresh lending to infrastructure projects. The IDFs will also help accelerate the evolution of a secondary market for bonds which is presently lacking in sufficient depth. iii. External Commercial Borrowing/FII: Investment in infrastructure holds the kept to India’s economic growth. Keeping in view India’s huge investment requirement for infrastructure development, a number of important steps have been taken to encourage availability of foreign funds for infrastructure development. Some of these measures include: progressive enhancement in the limit for FII investment in various categories of debt securities; allowing Qualified Foreign Investors (QFIs) access to Indian capital market; liberalization and rationalization of the External Commercial Borrowing (ECB) policy by Permitting ECB for refinancing of the Rupee loans for infrastructure sector to the extent of 25% of fresh ECB; Allowing ECBs for low cost/affordable housing projects; Reduction in the rate of withholding tax on interest payment on monies borrowed in foreign currency, permitting SIDBI as an eligible borrower for accessing ECB for on- lending to MSME sector; Allowing ECB for capital expenditure on the maintenance and operations of toll systems for roads and highways; Permitting ECB for working capital requirements of the airline industry and introduction of a new window of ECB for companies in the manufacturing and infrastructure sector. *****
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐798 31 Compiled by ENVIS Centre, WWF‐India 10/8/2013
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ANSWERED ON‐17.08.2012 Climate smart agriculture strategies 798 . PROF. M.S. SWAMINTHAN
(a) whether Government has developed a comprehensive strategy for sustainable agriculture in an era of climate change;
(b) if so, the details of the climate smart agriculture proposed by Government; and
(c) whether any of the climate smart agriculture strategies have been used to minimize the adverse impact of the 2012 drought? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI HARISH RAWAT)
(a) & (b): The Department of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture has prepared National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) with the active involvement of ICAR/DARE. The Mission identifies ten key dimensions for promoting sustainable agricultural practices. These cover both adaptation and mitigation measures, through four functional areas, namely research and development; technology; products and practices; infrastructure and capacity building. While recognizing the role of modern technologies and research in promoting the sustainability of agricultural production, the need to harness traditional knowledge and agricultural heritage for in‐situ conservation of genetic resources is also recognized.
Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has also implemented a project, namely, National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture from 2010‐11 to 2011‐12. Creation of awareness amongst farmers through on‐farm demonstrations of climate smart technologies is an integral part of the programme. During 2010‐12, such demonstration was taken up in 100 districts across the country. Village climate risk management committees have been constituted in 100 most vulnerable districts across the country. This committee is to take part in identifying the climatic vulnerability of the village and possible interventions to cope with drought and damages due to floods and reduce their losses.
(c) Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has prepared contingency plans for 343 districts of the country with a matrix of situations and matching climate smart technologies including alternate crops/varieties and practices to be implemented by the States, in the event of natural calamities whether drought or floods. Besides, recommendations were also made on water saving methods in paddy cultivation like DSR (direct seeded rice), SRI (system of rice intensification) wherever relevant. In the current year, advisories are being issued twice a week at the national level focusing on the draught situation. In the major states which faced significant rainfall deficits like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Karnataka, the locally adopted fodder varieties of annual crops were recommended, to augment the fodder availability to livestock. These steps are aimed at minimizing the adverse impact of drought during 2012.
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RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐508 ANSWERED ON‐14.08.2012 UNO millennium programme for climate change 508 . SHRI RAMACHANDRA KHUNTIA
(a)whether it is a fact that India is not able to achieve the target of UNO millennium programme; (b)if so, the reasons therefor; and (c)the strategy to fulfil the UNO millennium programme for climate change? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a), (b) & (c) The United Nations Millennium Development Goal relating to ensuring environmental sustainability targets to integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources. The sustainable development principles are inbuilt in the National Environmental Policy, 2006. The various environmental regulations of our country take into consideration the issues of sustainable development, which are implemented through a rigorous process of impact assessment of developmental projects, while granting environmental and forestry clearances. Government is prepared to implement its international obligations in respect of climate change in accordance with the principles of equity and common but differentiated responsibility.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐4683 ANSWERED ON‐18.05.2012 Impact of climate change on agriculture 4683 . DR. GYAN PRAKASH PILANIA
(a) the predictions of impact of climate change on agriculture, as revealed by studies recently undertaken by Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment, P.K. Aggarwal of IARI; Krishan Kumar of Indian Institutes for Tropical Meteorology, Pune, Indian Space Research Organisation, A.K. Gosain of IIT Delhi; and F.A.O. of UNO;
(b) how worrying is climate impact scenario; and
(c) the precautionary steps Government has taken in this regard? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI HARISH RAWAT)
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(a) & (b): Several institutions and organizations including Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment (INCCA), Indian Institute for Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) have conducted studies on the climate change and its likely impact on agriculture in India. It is projected that by the end of the 21st century rainfall will increase by 15‐31% and the mean annual temperature will increase by 3 to 6ºC. The warming will be more pronounced over land areas, with the maximum increase over northern India. The warming is also projected to be relatively greater in winter and post‐ monsoon season. Frequency of cyclones during post‐monsoon season scenario (2071‐2100) is projected to be much higher than the frequency during the base line scenario (1961‐1990). Recent studies at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute indicate the possibility of loss of 4‐5 million tons in wheat production with every rise of 1ºC temperature throughout the growing period even after considering carbon fertilization (but no adaptation benefits). Studies also indicate that losses in wheat production can be reduced from 4‐5 million tonnes to 1‐2 million tonnes with timely planting and use of better adapted varieties.
(c) As part of the National Action Plan for Climate Change, the Mission Document on National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) has been formulated jointly by Department of Agriculture & Cooperation and Department of Agricultural Research & Education, in active consultation of stakeholders including State Governments, and approved in principle by Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change. A scheme ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)’ with an outlay of Rs.350 crores for the period 2010‐12 has been implemented by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research which involves strategic research, technology demonstration and capacity building components to strengthen research and demonstrate appropriate technologies to achieve climate resilience in agriculture and allied sectors. *******
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐4200 ANSWERED ON‐15.05.2012 Negotiations on climate change 4200 . SHRI HUSSAIN DALWAI
(a) how far the developing countries of Asia and Africa have been benefited by the current ongoing negotiations on climate change;
(b) whether the Prime Minister has urged the Asian and African nations to get the best out of these negotiations; and
(c) if so, the strategy proposed to be adopted for Rio+20 Conference? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTI NATARAJAN)
(a) International negotiations on Climate Change under the aegis of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are aimed at advancing global actions to stabilise climate and address the urgent mitigation and adaptation needs of developing countries including those from Asia
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 and Africa. Parties to the UNFCCC are obliged to take adaptation and mitigation of climate change on the basis of the principles of equity and Common but Differentiated Responsibility (CBDR). In furtherance of this principle, the recently held Climate Change Talks in Durban in December 2011 have helped operationalise the Green Climate Fund, the Adaptation Committee and the Technology Mechanism which would facilitate support to developing countries in terms of finance and technology for effective mitigation and adaptation actions.
(b) During his inaugural address at the Golden Jubilee Celebrations of Afro‐Asian Rural Development Programme held in Delhi on March 5, 2012, the Prime Minister urged Asian and African countries to work jointly to build a favorable international regime that enables access to funds and green technologies for rural growth. He stressed on the need to enhance international cooperation with a view to secure best outcomes at the climate change negotiations and the forthcoming Rio+20 Conference.
(c) India’s approach to Rio+20 Conference is guided by the Rio Principles, in particular the principles of equity and CBDR. India also coordinates its approach on the relevant issues with the like minded developing country members from Group of 77 and China including those from Asia and Africa.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐4210 ANSWERED ON‐15.05.2012 Strengthening of research capacity for climate change observation and assessment 4210 . SHRIMATI MAYA SINGH
(a) whether the Ministry have any policy to strengthen scientific research capacity and strategic knowledge for climate change observation and assessment during the Twelfth Five Year Plan period; (b) if so, the details thereof; (c) the budget estimate for that; and (d) if not, the reasons therefor? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) & (b) Planning Commission has approved ‘Climate Change Action Programme’ to be implemented by the Ministry of Environment & Forests during the 12th Five Year Plan. The programme aims inter alia at advancing scientific research into and assessment of the phenomenon of climate change, building an institutional and analytical capacity for research and studies in the area of climate change, and supporting domestic actions to address climate change through specific programmes and actions at the national and state level. The scientific schemes under the programme include National Carbonaceous Aerosols Programme; setting up of Long Term Ecological Observatories for Climate Change Studies; Coordinated Studies on Climate Change for North Eastern Region; and setting up of Centre for Climate Change Studies.
India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) includes National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change which has the objective of strengthening and building research capacity
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(c) & (d) The budget for scientific programmes and building institutional capacity for research in the area of Climate Change is provided by the respective Ministries under their respective plans.
The proposed budget allocation for the 12th Five Year Plan period for the National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change is Rs. 1050 Crore.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3444 ANSWERED ON‐08.05.2012 Discussions on climate change 3444 . PROF. SAIF‐UD‐DIN SOZ
(a) whether discussions on climate change globally were not yielding any substantial results; (b) whether it was essential to reach a collaborative agreement on this catastrophe; and (c) if so, what concrete steps the Minister would suggest in future discussions to achieve the goal? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) Climate Change negotiations are conducted at global level under the auspices of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). At the recent Climate Change Conference held in Durban where Seventeenth Conference of Parties to the UNFCCC (COP17) took place, several decisions were taken to address international actions aimed at addressing climate change. The Conference decided to establish the second commitment period of developed country Parties under the Kyoto Protocol, and also agreed to operationalise the institutions, namely the Green Climate Fund, the Adaptation Committee and the Technology Mechanism. The Durban Conference also decided to launch a process to develop a protocol, another instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention applicable to all Parties. The process under the Durban Platform will be completed by 2015 with a view to enable the agreed arrangements to be implemented from 2020.
(b) & (c) India is willing to play a constructive role in negotiations and advance international actions on the basis of the principles of equity and Common but Differentiated Responsibility (CBDR) as enshrined in the UNFCCC.
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RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2482 ANSWERED ON‐27.04.2012 Impact of climate change on agriculture in Tamil Nadu 2482 . SHRI A.A. JINNAH
(a) whether any analysis has been done about the adverse impact of climate change on agriculture in Tamil Nadu; and
(b) the action Government proposes to take in this regard? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI HARISH RAWAT)
(a) & (b): Modeling techniques have been used for estimating the impact of climate change on the yield of rice for the state of Tamil Nadu. The results have indicated that rice yields are likely to decrease by about 217‐356 kg per ha per decade. It has also been projected that the area under major crops such as rice, sugar cane and ground‐nut may decrease by about 3.5 to 12.5% and the production by about 9 to 22%.
As part of the National Action Plan for Climate Change, the Mission Document on National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) has been formulated jointly by Department of Agriculture & Cooperation and Department of Agricultural Research & Education, in active consultation with stakeholders including State Governments, and has been approved in principle by Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change for the XII Plan. A scheme ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)’ with an outlay of Rs.350 crores for the period 2010‐12 has been implemented by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research which involves strategic research, technology demonstration and capacity building components. In Tamil nadu, 4 districts such as Villupuram, Namakkal, Nagapattinam and Ramanathapuram have been covered under the NICRA program. In the XII Plan, the scope of the scheme is being expanded to cover more districts and farming communities.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2047 ANSWERED ON‐24.04.2012 Study on climate change 2047 . SHRI BHARATSINH PRABHATSINH PARMAR PARSHOTTAM KHODABHAI RUPALA
(a) whether the Ministry has communicated to the State Government of Gujarat for submission of proposals for study on probable impact of un‐predictable climatic change: (b) whether any proposal has been received from the State Government of Gujarat in this regard; and (c) if so, the action taken in this regard? ANSWER
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MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) to (c) No communication has been sent by the Government of India to State Governments for submission of proposals for study on probable impact of climate change. No proposal has also been received from the Government of Gujarat in this regard. However, the Government of Gujarat has submitted proposals for undertaking research activity relating to climate change in Gujarat. The Government of Gujarat was advised to include these activities suitably in the State Action Plan on Climate Change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1882 ANSWERED ON‐30.03.2012 Fall in production due to climate change 1882 . SHRI ISHWARLAL SHANKARLAL JAIN
(a) whether a fall in agro produce has been registered last year due to climate change and advancement of the seasonal cycle period;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether the year 2012‐13 is likely to see an improvement in climate change and seasonal cycle;
(d) whether Government has taken appropriate steps in view of fall in the agro‐production and has undertaken research in the field of climate and seasonal variation; and
(e) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES
(DR. CHARAN DAS MAHANT)
(a) & (b): No, Sir. On the contrary, production of foodgrain has reached a record level of 244.78 million tone during 2010‐11. During the same period, country has also witnessed highest ever production in wheat, pulses, oilseeds and cotton.
(c) to (e): There is no conclusive evidence to suggest significant variations in climate and seasonal cycle in the country. However, for sustaining agricultural growth even in the wake of changing climatic scenario, Ministry of Agriculture has intensified implementation of various schemes/Programmes to make Indian Agriculture climate resilient by embedding and mainstreaming various adaption measures. Notable among these Schemes/Programmes are Macro Management of Agriculture(MMA), Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY), National Food Security Mission (NFSM), National Horticulture Mission (NHM) and National Mission on Micro Irrigation (NMMI) etc.
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Further, Ministry of Agriculture has been implementing National Network Project on Climate Change (NNPCC) and has also launched National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) for studying impacts of climate change on Indian Agriculture.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1888 ANSWERED ON‐30.03.2012 Impact of climate change on farm sector 1888 . SHRI N.K. SINGH
(a) whether climate change is likely to have an adverse impact on India’s farm sector;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) the steps being taken by Government to incorporate climate change considerations into farming policies; and
(d) the measures taken to improve resource conservation and effective land use management? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR AGRICULTURE & FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES (DR. CHARAN DAS MAHANT)
(a) & (b): There are a number of reports by several organizations and authors about the possible impacts of climate change in general, and rise in temperature in particular, on global agriculture. Publications such as those by Inter‐Governmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) and Universal Ecological Fund (2011) indicate such impacts on some crops in different regions of the world.
According to these reports, there will be 14% deficit in global wheat production, 11% in rice and 9% in maize by 2020. They also claim that there will be reduction of up to 50% in rainfed crops in some African countries during 2000‐2020 period. Indian studies conducted under ICAR Network Project on Climate Change (NPCC), however, indicate that climate change may reduce yield of timely sown irrigated wheat by about 6% in 2020. When late and very late sown wheat is taken into consideration, the projected impact could reduce the yield by 18%, if no adaptation measures are followed. Similarly, this study projects 4‐6% reduction in yield of rice and up to 18% in respect of irrigated kharif maize, and 2.5% in rainfed sorghum by the year 2020.
(c) As part of the National Action Plan for Climate Change, the Mission Document on National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) has been formulated jointly by Department of Agriculture & Cooperation and Department of Agricultural Research & Education, in active consultation of stakeholders including State Governments, and approved in principle by Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change. Earlier, a scheme ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)’ with an outlay of Rs. 350 crores for the period 2010‐12 was launched by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. The components of the scheme include: (i) strategic research on natural resources, major
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 food crops, livestock, marine and freshwater fisheries for adaptation and mitigation; (ii) demonstration of available climate resilient practices on farmers’ field in 100 most vulnerable districts of the country; (iii) strengthen research infrastructure and capacity building for climate change research; and (iv) sponsored research.
(d) The Government of India is implementing flagship programs like Integrated Watershed Management for conservation of resources in rainfed regions and promoting zero tillage, and bed planting practices to save on irrigation, water and fuel in irrigated cropping systems. Depending on the land capability and length of growing season, the crop planning is suggested for different agro climatic regions. Many land water management practices are being implemented at village level through the MGNREGA which also helps in conservation of natural resources. District level contingency plans are being prepared to mitigate the changes in climate scenario.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1392 ANSWERED ON‐26.03.2012 Impact of climate change on water resources 1392 . SHRI MAHENDRA MOHAN
(a) whether the Central Water Commission, the Central Ground Water Board, the Brahmaputra Board and the National Institute of Hydrology have commissioned studies to assess the impact of climate change on water resources;
(b) if so, the details thereof including the progress made thereunder; and
(c) the follow up action proposed to be taken by Government in this regard? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES & MINORITY AFFAIRS. ( SHRI VINCENT H. PALA)
(a) & (b) One of the goals of National Water Mission is assessment of the impact of climate change on water resources. In pursuance thereof climate change cells have been set up in the Central Water Commission, the National Institute of Hydrology, the Central Ground Water Board and the Brahmaputra Board for initiating and coordinating climate change studies and other related issues.
Central Water Commission and National Institute of Hydrology have jointly prepared “Preliminary Consolidated Report on Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources”. Central Water Commission, with technical assistance from Asian Development Bank, conducted studies for three distinct areas of concern from climate change point of view, viz, (a) alterations of winter snow pack dynamics from climate change; (b) basin / sub‐basin where ground water is major water resource; and (c) low‐lying coastal areas where sea level rise will have impacts on surface and ground water.
A Statement indicating the studies, including research papers, related to the impact of climate change on water resources, completed and in progress, by National Institute of Hydrology is annexed.
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(c) Planning and development of water resources is carried out considering the findings of these studies. **** GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐143 ANSWERED ON‐23.03.2012 Effect of climate change 143 . SHRI MOHD. ALI KHAN
(a) whether farm mechanization is imperative when it comes to mitigating the effect of climate change by re‐adjusting crop sowing schedules;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) the views of farmers, industries and Government in this regard? ANSWER ANSWER
MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI SHARAD PAWAR)
(a) to (c): A statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT IN RESPECT OF PARTS (a) TO (c) OF RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 143 FOR 23/03/2012 REGARDING EFFECT ON CLIMATE CHANGE.
(a) & (b): Yes, Sir. In the context of possible effects of climate change like delay in onset of monsoon, prolonged dry spell, irregular and unpredictable rainfall pattern, temperature variations resulting in shortening of available time for farm operations like sowing, harvesting, etc., farm mechanization has become imperative for ensuring timeliness of farm operations so as to prevent probable yield loss. Mechanization ensures timely completion of critical farm operations such as field preparation, sowing, irrigation, harvesting, threshing, etc.
Climate change is likely to cause lesser number of rainy days thus shortening available sowing times for paddy. To transplant paddy in short notice in the background of lesser availability of manual labour, farmers have to adopt mechanized transplanting that not only takes care of timeliness in farm operations but ensures higher productivity by employing mat type nursery and Systematic Rice Intensification (SRI) methods. Besides quickly adapting to readjusted paddy planting schedule, appropriate farm mechanization also helps in preferring early sowing of wheat by deploying mechanized harvesting of previous paddy crops and using zero till seed drills for planting wheat seeds. This mechanized package of practices not only saves time and cost in ploughing the land but also allows farmers to harvest wheat crops before possible early onset of summer thereby preventing any loss of yield due to climate change induced higher temperature. A greater degree of farm mechanization can
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 also address the issues of scarcity of farm labour for labour intensive operations like tilling, sowing and harvesting.
(c): Farmers are aware of the intrinsic advantage of farm mechanization. Concerted efforts of state and central governments and greater awareness among farmers have seen accelerated adoption of mechanization in zero tilling, harvesting and rice transplantation. Combine Harvesters, Rice Transplanters and Zero Till Seed Drills are gradually becoming popular among farmers as these are helping them not only to save farming costs but also to adapt to varying crop sowing schedule.
Industries have also come forward with indigenous, low cost, tailor made designs of farm machineries and equipments. After liberalization and with development of prototypes of machines, manufacturing of agricultural machineries and equipments has expanded in States like Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Tractor operated combine harvester, costing only 25‐30 percent of the self propelled combine, has been a good innovation by domestic manufacturers and this machine can be owned individually by farmers. Custom Hiring Services for Rice Transplanters, Combine Harvesters, Laser Land Levellers, etc. are now becoming popular in many States especially in Southern States. State Government is hand holding cooperative societies and rural entrepreneurs to promote Custom Hiring services.
****** GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐648 ANSWERED ON‐20.03.2012 Conference of BRICS countries on global climate change regime 648 . SHRI N.K. SINGH
(a) Whether India had convened a conference of the BRICS grouping countries to arrive at a common strategy on the proposed new global climate change regime; (b) if so, the details thereof and the outcome of the talks; (c) whether a common strategy has been adopted; and (d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) to (d) India had convened a meeting of BASIC (Brazil, South Africa, India, China) countries on 13‐14 February, 2012 in New Delhi to discuss the outcomes of the climate change conference held at Durban in December 2012 and decide a strategy for future actions on Climate Change related issues.
The Ministers from BASIC Countries adopted a Joint Statement covering issues related to second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol, Durban Platform, unresolved issues of equity, trade and technology related intellectual property rights, Review of implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Green Climate Fund and inclusion of international aviation in the European Union’s Emission Trading Scheme.
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***
JOINT STATEMENT ISSUED AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE 10th BASIC MINISTERIAL MEETING ON CLIMATE CHANGE
February 13‐14, 2012 New Delhi, India
1. The 10th BASIC Ministerial Meeting on Climate Change was held in New Delhi on February 13‐14, 2012. H.E. Ms. Jayanthi Natarajan, Minister of Environment & Forests of India, H.E. Mr. Xie Zhenhua, Vice Chairman, National Development and Reform Commission of China, H.E. Mr.Francisco Gaetani, Deputy Minister of Environment of Brazil, Mr. Alfred James Wills, Chief Climate Change Negotiator of South Africa and Ambassador Mxakato‐Diseko as representative of COP‐17 President participated in the meeting. In line with ‘BASIC‐Plus’ approach, Qatar (as incoming President of COP‐18), Swaziland (as Chair of Africa Group of negotiators and as a member of LDCs) and Singapore (as member of AoSIS) were invited and participated in the meeting as observers Algeria (as Chair of G‐77 & China) was also invited.
2. BASIC Ministers appreciated the outcome of the Durban Conference and the role played by South Africa as Presidency of COP‐17. Ministers recognized that the Durban conference represented a significant step forward and helped operationalize several of the Cancun decisions such as Green Climate Fund (GCF), Adaptation Committee, Technology Executive Committee and the Climate Technology Centre and Networks (CTCN), the Standing Committee on Finance and the arrangements for transparency.
3. Ministers welcomed in particular, the agreement on the 2nd commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, and stressed that the presentation by May 2012 by Annex‐I parties of information on their economy wide quantified emission reduction objectives (QELROs) with a view to adopting an amendment to Annex‐B of Kyoto Protocol is an important and necessary first step for the success of the process agreed to at Durban. Ministers reiterated that the flexible mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol would be available to only those Annex‐I parties that have established quantified emissions reduction commitments in the 2nd commitment period. Ministers also emphasized that the non‐KP Annex‐I parties too must undertake comparable commitments under internationally agreed rules of accounting, measurement, reporting, verification and compliance.
4. Ministers regretted the announcement by Canada, within a few days after the conclusion of the Durban Conference, withdrawing from the Kyoto Protocol. Ministers observed that the Kyoto Protocol is not only a cornerstone of the international climate regime but a legally binding agreement under the UNFCCC and that any attempts by developed countries to casually set aside their existing legal commitments while calling for a new legally binding agreement seriously questions their credibility and sincerity in responding to the climate crisis.
5. Ministers recognized that the Durban Platform offers a clear opportunity for an equitable, inclusive, effective and strengthened climate change regime. Ministers emphasized that the agreement on the Durban Platform was part of a carefully balanced package of ‘mutual reassurances’ between the parties. They reaffirmed that the process launched at Durban is not to renegotiate or rewrite the Convention
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 and that this process and its outcome shall be under the Convention and in full accordance with all its principles and provisions, in particular the principles of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. Ministers welcomed the fact that a compromise was reached at the last minute at Durban to develop a protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention. Ministers noted that the scope of work of Durban Platform has to be defined in advance of the conclusion of the work of the two AWGs.
6. Ministers stressed that unresolved issues such as equity, trade and technology‐related IPRs etc must not fall‐off the table and remain part of the negotiations.
7. Ministers noted that developing countries are fully committed to playing their part in the global fight against climate change and have presented actions which express significant ambition to reduce emissions. Ministers stressed that developed countries must rise up to their historical responsibilities and take the lead in the fight against climate change by undertaking robust and ambitious mitigation commitments consistent with science and in accordance with the principles of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities under the Convention.
8. Ministers stressed that equity is a cornerstone of the international efforts at combating climate change and welcomed the decision at Durban to organize a workshop on ‘Equitable Access to Sustainable Development’. They stressed that equity must remain an essential element of the work moving forward in the UNFCCC process.
9. Ministers reiterated the importance of the Review of the implementation of the Convention, in accordance with its principles and provisions. Ministers stressed that the clear mandate provided by 1/CP.16 in this regard must be respected. Ministers reaffirmed the important role of the findings of the fifth Assessment Report (AR‐5) of the Inter‐Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in informing the process of implementation of the various decisions of COP‐17.
10. Ministers welcomed the operationalization of the Green Climate Fund and called for its early capitalization. They urged the developed countries to honor their commitments to provide US$ 30 billion as fast start funding and US$ 100 billion per year by 2020. They also stressed the urgency of securing long‐term finance for developing countries including for implementation of Adaptation Framework, national adaptation planning and REDD+. Ministers welcomed the setting up of a platform for discussions of long‐term finance under the UNFCCC.
11. Ministers noted with deep concern and reiterated their firm opposition to the inclusion of international aviation in the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU‐ETS) which violates international law including the principles and provisions of UNFCCC and runs counter to multilateralism. Ministers noted that the unilateral action by EU in the name of climate change was taken despite strong international opposition and would seriously jeopardize the international efforts to combat climate change. The Ministers recognized the threat of similar unilateral measures being considered by developed countries in the name of climate change in the area of international shipping and expressed their concern.
12. Ministers recalled the first ever statement made by China on behalf of the BASIC countries at Durban and pledged to continue and deepen their cooperation and coordination in the discussions leading up to COP‐18 at Doha. In view of the ongoing negotiations for the Rio+20 Conference on sustainable
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 development, Ministers agreed that the BASIC countries should enhance their discussions on Rio+20 issues as well.
13. Ministers emphasized that BASIC countries as part of G‐77 & China are extremely vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change and therefore share the deep concern of SIDS, LDCs and Africa. The Ministers reaffirmed the need to maintain and strengthen the unity of G‐77 & China as the unified voice of developing countries in the climate change negotiations.
14. Ministers welcomed the offer by South Africa to host the 11th BASIC Ministerial Meeting on climate change in the second quarter of 2012.
***** GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐604 ANSWERED ON‐19.03.2012 Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources 604 . SHRIMATI VIPLOVE THAKUR
(a) whether Government has received the findings of the Standing Committee for Assessment of Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources constituted recently;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) the follow‐up action taken/proposed to be taken by Government in this regard, State‐ wise? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES & MINORITY AFFAIRS. (SHRI VINCENT H. PALA)
(a) No, Sir. (b) & (c) Do not arise. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐32 ANSWERED ON‐13.03.2012 Study on impact of climate change 32 . SHRIMATI NAZNIN FARUQUE
(a) Whether Government has made any study on the impact of climate change including changing monsoon pattern and the manner in which the countries agriculture sector is affected; and (b) If so, the details thereof ? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
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(a) and (b) There is no conclusive evidence to attribute all observed weather and climate variability to the increased concentrations of Green House Gases (GHGs) and associated global warming and their projections for the future. However, gradual increasing trend in respect of surface temperature (maximum and minimum) across the globe is found to be in line with the rise of GHGs over the recent decades. Daily mean temperature over the country is found to be increasing more or less at the same rate as the global mean (0.52oC since 1901). Spatial pattern of trends in the mean annual temperature shows significant positive (increasing) trend over most parts of the country except over parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Bihar, where significant negative (decreasing) trends were observed.
Further, a study to assess the impact of climate change on four sectors in four regions of India has been undertaken and a report titled “Climate Change and India: 4X4 Assessment ‐ A Sectoral and Regional Analysis for 2030s” was published in 2010 by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. The report has assessed impacts of climate change on four sectors including Agriculture, and projects a variable rate of change in agriculture production including losses in some crops such as mustard, peas, tomatoes, onion and garlic.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2668 ANSWERED ON‐16.12.2011 A project tackling climate change 2668 . SHRI MOINUL HASSAN
(a) the findings of the network project launched by ICAR namely ‘Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change’ in 2004;
(b) how is Government incorporating the findings of the project into the implementation of its projects in tackling climate change;
(c) the details thereof; and
(d) whether findings of project are being shared with other ministries to support them in tackling the effects of climate change? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI HARISH RAWAT)
(a) Climatic change is likely to reduce cereal yields.
• A simulation study showed kharif rice more vulnerable to climate change than maize and sorghum. The mean reduction in rice production would be 6.7, 15.1 and 28.2% by 2020, 2050 and 2080,
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 respectively. For the same time periods, reductions in maize and sorghum yields would be 3.0, 9.3 and 18.3%, and 4.5, 11.2 and 18.7%, respectively; if no new management interventions are made.
• Rice has shown no significant change in yield up to an increase of 1ºC temperature.
• Chickpea, however, registered a 7 to 25% increase in seed yield by an increase in temperature up to 3ºC, but was reduced by 13% at 4ºC increase in temperature.
• Cumulative chill units of coldest months have declined by 9.1 to 19.0 units per year in last two decades in different districts of Himachal Pradesh. As a consequence, there has been a shift of apple belt to higher elevations of Lahaul‐Spitti and upper reaches of Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh.
• Global warming will negatively impact milk production by 1.6 million tons by 2020 and more than 15 million tons by 2050. High producing cross breed cows and buffaloes will be affected more than indigenous cattle. Northern India is likely to experience greater impact of global warming on milk production of both cattle and buffaloes in future.
(b) The scientific information generated and the technologies developed through this project are being incorporated into the new scheme NICRA (National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture) to minimize the climate change impacts on agriculture.
(c) Technology demonstration to cope with current climate variability is being demonstrated in 100 vulnerable districts through NICRA (Annexure‐I).
(d) The outcome of the project is shared by the project scientists by providing inputs to National Communication I and II for submission to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
The findings of the project are being put on the website for wider dissemination. The line departments are taken on board during the technology dissemination in the various districts. Annexure-I (Part (c) of Rajya Sabha Unstarred Q.No.2668 for 16-12-2011)
List of KVKs for Technology Demonstration under NICRA S.No. State Number Name of districts of districts 1. Andaman & Nicobar Islands 1 Port-Blair 2. Andhra Pradesh 6 Srikakulam, Anatapur, Nalgonda, Kurnool, Khammam, West Godavari 3. Arunachal Pradesh 3 Tirap, West Kameng, West Siang 4. Assam 4 Sonitpur, Dibrugarh, Cachar, Dhubri 5. Bihar 6 Saran, Supaul, Buxar, Nawadah, Aurangabad, Jehanabad 6. Chattisgarh 3 Raipur, Bilaspur, Dantewada 7. Gujarat 3 Valsad, Rajkot, Kutch 8. Haryana 2 Yamunanagar, Sirsa
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9. Himachal Pradesh 4 Hamirpur, Chamba, Kullu, Kinnaur 10. Jammu & Kashmir 2 Kathua, Phulwama 11. Jharkhand 5 Plamau, East Singhbhum, Gumla, Chatra, Koderma 12. Karnataka 4 Tumkur, Kolar, Davangere, Belgaum 13. Kerala 1 Alleppey 14. Madhya Pradesh 7 Satna, Guna, Morena, Datia, Tikamgarh, Chattarpur, Balaghat 15. Maharashtra 7 Nandurbar, Pune, Aurangabad, Amravati, Ratnagiri, Ahmednagar, Gondia 16. Manipur 2 Senapati, Imphal East 17. Meghalaya 2 West Garo Hills, Umiam 18. Mizoram 1 Lunglei 19. Nagaland 3 Phek, Dimapur, Mokokchung 20. Orissa 4 Kendrapara, Jharsugda, Sonepur, Gamjam 21. Punjab 4 Ropar, Fategarh Sahib, Faridkot, Bathinda 22. Rajasthan 4 Jhunjhunu, Bharatpur, Jodhpur, Kota 23. Sikkim 1 East Sikkim 24. Tamil Nadu 4 Villupuram, Namakkal, Nagapattinam, Ramanathapuram 25. Tripura 1 West Triura 26. Uttar Pradesh 11 Bahraich, Gorakhpur, Maharajganj, Gonda, Jhansi, Kushinagar, Sonbhadra, Bhaghpat, Muzzafarnagar, Chitrakoot, Hiamirpur 27. Uttarakhand 2 Uttarkhasi, Tehri Garhwal 28. West Bengal 3 Cooch Behar, Malda, South 24 Parganas Total 100
******* GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐295 ANSWERED ON‐13.12.2011 Climate Change Action Plan 295 . SHRI BAISHNAB PARIDA
(a) whether it is a fact that the State Government of Odisha has sent a Climate Change Action Plan to the Ministry for its consideration;
(b) whether it is also a fact that a financial outlay of `17,000 crores has been estimated for the Action Plan to focus on eleven different areas for a period of five years up to 2015; and
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(c) if so, by when clearance would be given by the Ministry? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a)to (c) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
******* Statement referred to in reply to Part (a) to (c) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 295 by Shri Baishnab Parida regarding Climate Change Action Plan
Government of Odisha has prepared a State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) in response to the request made by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, as a follow up of the announcement made by the Prime Minister in the Conference of State Environment Ministers held on August 18, 2009 and submitted to this Ministry on June 13, 2011. The SAPCC has proposed activities under eleven sectors namely Agriculture, Water, Coastal and Disaster, Energy, Fisheries and Animal resources, Forests, Health, Industry, Mining, Transport and Urban, with a total budget provision of Rs. 17,032 crores for five years.
The draft SAPCC was considered on September 27, 2011 by the Expert Committee on Climate Change set up in this Ministry. Recommendations of the Expert Committee have been conveyed to the Government of Odisha with a request to submit the final SAPCC for consideration of the National Steering Committee on Climate Change set up in the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2189 ANSWERED ON‐13.12.2011 Climate Change Conference at Durban 2189 . PROF. SAIF‐UD‐DIN SOZ
(a) whether there is any hope that the Climate Change Conference at Durban would bring any positive results on climate change; and
(b) the course of action India would adopt if countries such as United States, Australia, Japan, New Zealand and Canada stand together against any mandated cuts on emissions suggested under Kyoto protocol or otherwise? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
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(a)The 17th Conference of Parties (CoP‐17) and the 7th session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP‐7) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) were held in Durban from November 28‐December 9, 2011 and expected to adopt a package of decisions interalia on the following key aspects:
•Opertionalisation of the Cancun Agreements; •Second Commitments of the Kyoto Protocol as part of the Bali Road Map; •Governance and operational structure for the institutional arrangements for Green Climate Fund, Technology Mechanism and the Adaptation Committee; •Guidelines for Mitigation targets and actions of developed and developing countries, long terms sources of funding of climate change; •Technology transfer and linkage between finance and other institution under the convention; and •Issues relating to equity in burden sharing, intellectual property rights relating to climate technologies and unilateral trade actions.
(b)India’s course of actions would be as per the principle of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities of Parties as enshrined in the UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol and Bali Action Plan.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1882 ANSWERED ON‐09.12.2011 Implementation of Climate Resilient Agriculture 1882 . SHRI MOINUL HASSAN
(a) the current status of implementation of the National Initiative of Climate Resilient Agriculture, the details thereof, State‐wise; and
(b) the programmes that come under the purview of this initiative? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI HARISH RAWAT)
(a) Currently, strategic are being undertaken at 21 research institutes of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) on phenotyping of crop varieties and identification tolerant varieties for multiple abiotic stresses, management practices for higher carbon sequestration in soil and improvement of livestock shelter and feed formulations to reduce heat stress in animals. The demonstration of climate resilient technologies to cope with drought, floods, heat at farmers’ field in 100 vulnerable districts of 27 States and one Union Territory has been planned from 2011‐12 onwards. The details are annexed (Annexure I, II, III and IV).
(b) The following programmes come under the purview of NICRA.
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• Strategic research on adaptation and mitigation • Technology demonstration to cope with current climate variability in 100 vulnerable districts • Capacity building • Sponsored/competitive grants to fill critical gaps in climate change research Annexure -I (Rajya Sabha Unstarred Q.No.1882 for 09-12-2011)
NATIONAL INITIATIVE ON CLIMATE RESILIENT AGRICULTURE State-wise Institutions under Strategic Research Component of NICRA State Name of the Institute to whom project District has been granted
Andhra Pradesh CRIDA Hyderabad New Delhi IARI New Delhi Karnataka IIHR Bangalore Haryana NDRI Karnal Kerala CMFRI Kochi Madhya Pradesh CIAE Bhopal Meghalaya ICAR-NEH Umiam New Delhi NRCPB New Delhi Orissa CRRI Cuttack Andhra Pradesh DRR Hyderabad UP IIPR Kanpur UP IIVR Varanasi Jharkhand ICAR-RCER Ranchi New Delhi NCIPM New Delhi Orissa DWM Bhubaneshwar UP NRCAF Jhansi UP PDFSR Modipuram UP IVRI Bareilly West Bengal CIFRI Barrackpore Tamil Nadu CIBA Chennai Maharashtra NIASM Baramati
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Annexure-II (Rajya Sabha Unstarred Q.No.1882 for 09-12-2011)
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State-wise Institutions under Sponsored Grants Component of NICRA State Name of the Institute to whom project District has been granted
New Delhi NBPGR New Delhi Karnataka IIHR Bangalore New Delhi GGS IPU New Delhi Andhra Pradesh ICRISAT Medak West Bengal WBUAS&F Kolkata Karnataka UAS Bangalore Rajasthan CAZRI Jodhpur Rajasthan CSWRI Avikanagar Uttar Pradesh CIRG Mathura West Bengal University of Kalyani Nadia Maharashtra MIT College Pune Jharkhand IINRG Ranchi
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Annexure-III (Rajya Sabha Unstarred Q.No.1882 for 09-12-2011)
State-wise Institutions under Competitive Grants Component of NICRA State Name of the Institute to whom project District has been granted
Karnataka UAS Bangalore Tamil Nadu TANU Coimbatore Himachal Pradesh YSPUH&F Solan Uttarakhand GBPUAT Pantnagar Tamil Nadu Anna University Chennai Tamil Nadu TNAU Paiyur MP RVSKVV Gwalior 52 Compiled by ENVIS Centre, WWF‐India 10/8/2013
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UP NEFORD Lucknow Tamil Nadu TANUVAS Chennai Andhra Pradesh PDP Hyderabad New Delhi NCAP New Delhi New Delhi IASRI New Delhi Andhra Pradesh NAARM Hyderabad Uttarakhand USNPSS Almora Uttarakhand Doon University Dehradun Uttarakhand GBPIHED Garhwal Assam AAU Jorhat MP IISS Bhopal Karnataka NIANP Bangalore New Delhi ICRAF New Delhi West Bengal IIT Kharagpur Tamil Nadu TNAU Coimbatore New Delhi Hamdard University New Delhi Karnataka TERI Bangalore Andhra Pradesh DSR Hyderabad Tamil Nadu TANASU Tutikorin Maharashtra NRCC Nagpur Tamil Nadu MSSRF Chennai Andhra Pradesh Niruthi Hyderabad
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Annexure-IV (Rajya Sabha Unstarred Q.No.1882 for 09-12-2011)
List of KVKs for Technology Demonstration under NICRA S.No. State Number of Name of districts districts 1. Andaman & Nicobar Islands 1 Port-Blair 2. Andhra Pradesh 6 Srikakulam, Anatapur, Nalgonda, Kurnool, Khammam, West Godavari 3. Arunachal Pradesh 3 Tirap, West Kameng, West Siang 4. Assam 4 Sonitpur, Dibrugarh, Cachar, Dhubri 5. Bihar 6 Saran, Supaul, Buxar, Nawadah, Aurangabad, Jehanabad 6. Chattisgarh 3 Raipur, Bilaspur, Dantewada 7. Gujarat 3 Valsad, Rajkot, Kutch 8. Haryana 2 Yamunanagar, Sirsa 9. Himachal Pradesh 4 Hamirpur, Chamba, Kullu, Kinnaur 10. Jammu & Kashmir 2 Kathua, Phulwama 11. Jharkhand 5 Plamau, East Singhbhum, Gumla, Chatra,
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Koderma 12. Karnataka 4 Tumkur, Kolar, Davangere, Belgaum 13. Kerala 1 Alleppey 14. Madhya Pradesh 7 Satna, Guna, Morena, Datia, Tikamgarh, Chattarpur, Balaghat 15. Maharashtra 7 Nandurbar, Pune, Aurangabad, Amravati, Ratnagiri, Ahmednagar, Gondia 16. Manipur 2 Senapati, Imphal East 17. Meghalaya 2 West Garo Hills, Umiam 18. Mizoram 1 Lunglei 19. Nagaland 3 Phek, Dimapur, Mokokchung 20. Orissa 4 Kendrapara, Jharsugda, Sonepur, Gamjam 21. Punjab 4 Ropar, Fategarh Sahib, Faridkot, Bathinda 22. Rajasthan 4 Jhunjhunu, Bharatpur, Jodhpur, Kota 23. Sikkim 1 East Sikkim 24. Tamil Nadu 4 Villupuram, Namakkal, Nagapattinam, Ramanathapuram 25. Tripura 1 West Triura 26. Uttar Pradesh 11 Bahraich, Gorakhpur, Maharajganj, Gonda, Jhansi, Kushinagar, Sonbhadra, Bhaghpat, Muzzafarnagar, Chitrakoot, Hiamirpur 27. Uttarakhand 2 Uttarkhasi, Tehri Garhwal 28. West Bengal 3 Cooch Behar, Malda, South 24 Pargaras Total 100
******** GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐113 ANSWERED ON‐29.11.2011 National Plan on Climate Change 113 . SHRI RAM JETHMALANI
(a) whether it is a fact that Government had formulated a National Plan on Climate Change for the conservation of environment in the country;
(b) if so, whether the role of State Governments was also agreed upon for implementing this Plan;
(c) if so, the details thereof; and
(d) the effective steps taken by the State Governments in this regard so far? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
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(a) to (d) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
Statement referred to in reply to Parts (a) to (d) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 113 by Shri Ram Jethmalani regarding National Plan on Climate Change
The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) was released on June 30, 2008 to outline India’s strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change. The National Action plan outlines eight Missions in specific areas of Solar Energy, Enhanced Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Habitat, Water, Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system, Green India, Sustainable Agriculture and Strategic knowledge for Climate Change. The National Action Plan outlines steps in these area that will enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of India’s development path. The Missions include and have components activities which are to be implemented at the State level.
As a follow‐up to the implementation of the NAPCC, States have been advised to prepare the State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) in‐line with the objectives of the NAPCC. As of now, 16 states have prepared draft State Action Plans. The plans are being appraised in consultation with the States and sectors concerned.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2972 ANSWERED ON‐30.08.2011 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE AND LIVELIHOOD . 2972 . SHRIMATI SHOBHANA BHARTIA
(a) whether in a recent report submitted to the United Nations (UN) Climate Panel by Government, it is stated that more than half of the country is vulnerable to climate change that can possibly lead to large‐ scale agriculture and livelihood problems;
(b) if so, the details of the report submitted by Government to UN Climate Panel;
(c) whether Government proposes to take any effective steps to face various challenges posed due to climate change; and
(e) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
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(a) & (b) A Report on “Climate Change and India: A 4x4 Assessment a Sectoral and Regional Analysis for 2030s” has been published in November, 2010. However, the report has not been submitted to United Nations Climate Panel. The Report has projected the likely impact of climate change on temperature, precipitation, extreme events, sea‐level rise, agriculture, eco‐system and bio‐diversity, water and human health in four regions, namely Western Ghats, Himalayan region, North‐Eastern region and Coastal region. The assessment brings out vulnerability of these regions to the adverse impact of climate change. The Report does not have any specific recommendations. However, the information generated in the report and assessments made therein are utilized by appropriate agencies of the government including the nodal ministries for effective implementation of activities under National Action Plan on Climate Change.
(c) & (d) Government is aware of various challenges posed due to climate change and has come up with National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) which outlines steps to enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of our development path. Eight Missions in specific areas of Solar Energy, Enhanced Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Habitat, Water, Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system, Green India, Sustainable Agriculture and Strategic knowledge for Climate Change are being implemented by the nodal ministries to address vulnerability to climate change and enhance capacity at the Central and State level to respond to climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2659 ANSWERED ON‐26.08.2011 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LIVESTOCK 2659 . SHRIMATI RENUBALA PRADHAN
(a) whether there is any impact of climate change on vulnerability of Indian livestock;
(b) if so, the details thereof, State‐wise;
(c) whether there is any impact of climate change on poultry production, and
(d) if so, the details thereof, State‐wise? ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES
(DR. CHARAN DAS MAHANT)
(a) Yes Sir. The climate change increases vulnerability of Indian livestock. In cattle and buffaloes, studies have been started recently but the data is not adequate to conclusively indicate the impact of climate change on dairy cattle and buffalo productivity and production. The decline in milk production and reproductive efficiency because of global warming/climate change will be highest in crossbred cattle.
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Global warming is also likely to increase incidences of animal diseases particularly viral and protozoan diseases in crossbred animals.
(b) Temperature or climate variability and extreme weather events in various States will depend on their geographical locations and particular period of the year. State‐wise details on impact of climate change on livestock are therefore, not available.
(c) Yes Sir. The impact of climate change has been observed in survivability and performance of poultry. Experiments are being conducted to study the impact of climate change on egg and meat type birds at Central Avian Research institute (CARI), Izatnagar and Project Directorate on Poultry (PDP), Hyderabad. The results are preliminary and the sufficient data has so far not been generated for knowing exact impact on production and health.
(d) Temperature or climate variability and extreme weather events in various States will depend on their geographical locations and particular period of the year. State‐wise details on impact of climate change on poultry production are therefore, not available.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1567 ANSWERED ON‐16.08.2011 OBLIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE PROTOCOLS . 1567 . DR. RAM PRAKASH
(a) whether Japan has expressed its inability to sign on any commitment relating to climate change on expiry of the Kyoto Protocol in 2012;
(b) whether USA has singed any such pact in the period between the Kyoto protocol and cancun climate change conference (Mexico); and
(c) whether these protocols are obligatory only for countries like India? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTI NATRAJAN)
(a) Yes sir. Japan has expressed its inability to join the second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol at the end of the first commitment period in December 2012, unless major developing economies also agree to legally binding commitments to reduce emissions.
(b) At the sixteenth meeting of Conference of Parties held at Cancun, United States has agreed to implement quantified emission reduction targets subject to international assessment and review. The
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United States communicated a target in the range of 17 per cent emission reduction by 2020 compared with 2005 levels, in conformity with anticipated United States energy and climate legislation.
(c) India has not under‐taken any obligatory commitment either under the Kyoto Protocol or under Cancun agreements. As a part of voluntary domestic actions for mitigation, India announced that it will endeavor to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 20‐25% by 2020 in comparison with 2005 level. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1400 ANSWERED ON‐12.08.2011 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FOOD . 1400 . SHRI MOHD. ALI KHAN
(a) whether Government is prepared for long‐term impacts of climate change on food production according to the standards of Food & Agriculture Organisation of UNO;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) the steps taken so far in this regard? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES AND PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI HARISH RAWAT)
(a) & (b): The Government has undertaken initiatives to address the impact of climate change on food production as per the standards of Food & Agriculture Organization (FAO) viz., (i) developing staple food varieties that are better adapted to future climatic conditions; (ii) screening of plant genetic material stored in gene banks keeping in view the future requirements; (iii) collection and study of additional plant genetic resources, including those from wild relatives of food crops; and (iv) developing varieties of major cereals that are resistant to heat, drought, submergence and salty water.
(c) The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) launched Network Project ‘Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change’ in 2004 at 15 locations which was extended to 23 locations in XI Plan to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture. ICAR is currently implementing a Rs.350.0 crores scheme ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)’ to evolve cost effective adaptation and mitigation strategies against climate change through (i) strategic research on natural resources, major food crops, livestock, marine and fresh water fisheries for adaptation and mitigation; (ii) demonstration of available climate resilient practices on farmer’s field in 100 most vulnerable districts of the country;
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(iii) strengthening research infrastructure and capacity building of scientists for undertaking long‐term research on climate change adaptation; and (iv) sponsored research. The Government have also prepared the Mission document on the National Mission for sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐948 ANSWERED ON‐09.08.2011 STUDY ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 948 . SHRI OM PRAKASH MATHUR
(a) whether Government has constituted any Committee to study climate change and its impacts;
(b) if so, the action taken so far by the Committee to tackle this problem; and
(c) if not, whether Government intends to take any step in this regard in future? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRIMATI JAYANTHI NATARAJAN)
(a) to (c) An Expert Committee on Impact of Climate Change was set up by the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India, in June 2007 to assess the impact of anthropogenic climate change on six areas, namely Water Resources, Agriculture, Natural Eco‐system, Health, Coastal Zone Management and Climate Modelling. The Committee has prepared Status reports on these sectors and made recommendations for relevant research activities which have been shared with the Nodal Ministries for suitably incorporation in the respective National Missions under National Action Plan on Climate Change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1977 ANSWERED ON‐14.03.2011 SOLAR MISSION UNDER NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE 1977 . SHRI NAND KUMAR SAI
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(a) whether the National Action Plan on Climate Change has proposed to develop solar energy and set up a Solar Mission in the country;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether Government has finalised the modalities for setting up of the Mission, so far;
(d) if so, the details in this regard; and
(e) the extend to which the said Mission has obtained its objectives, so far? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
(DR. FAROOQ ABDULLAH)
(a),(b),(c),(d)&(e): Yes, Sir. Government has approved the policy frame work of the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission to develop solar energy technologies to make solar power competitive to conventional grid power. The Mission aims at setting up of 20,000 MW grid solar power and 2,000 MW of off‐grid solar power including 20 million solar lights by 2022. In addition, it aims at installation of 20 million square metre solar thermal collector area by 2022. The Mission will be implemented in three phases. Government has approved the target, for the first phase of the Mission till March, 2013; to set up 1,100 MW grid connected solar plants, including 100 MW capacity plants as rooftop and small solar plants. In addition, 200 MW capacity equivalent off‐grid solar applications and 7 million square metre solar thermal collector area, including roof‐mounted solar systems, are also proposed in the first phase of the Mission, till 2012‐13.
During 2010‐11, Government has selected about 800 MW capacity grid connected solar power projects and the remaining grid solar power projects are to be selected during 2011‐12. With regard to the off‐ grid solar applications against a target of 32 MW solar PV projects during 2011‐12, projects of 38.5 MW have been sanctioned. In addition, 5 lakh square metre of solar thermal collector area has been installed during 2010‐11. The progress of the implementation has so far been satisfactory. Further, the Government has approved setting up of a section 25 company to implement programmes of the Solar Mission. The Company will have a Chairman, a MD/CEO and four functional Directors, to begin with.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1237 ANSWERED ON‐07.03.2011 CLIMATE CHANGE AND HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE OF RIVER SYSTEM . 1237 . SHRI BIRENDRA PRASAD BAISHYA
(a) whether the Central Government proposes to study climate change and hydrologic response of river system in the country including NER;
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(b) if so, the details of study of major rivers in the country;
(c) whether latest study on river channelisation, flood control, river management for stream bank erosion, catchment area processes and stream flow of all the major rivers including Brahmaputra and Barak have been done by the Ministry; and
(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES & MINORITY AFFAIRS. ( SHRI VINCENT H. PALA)
(a) & (b) Yes, Sir. One of the strategies of the National Water Mission under National Action Plan on Climate Change is research and studies on all aspects related to impact of climate change on water resources including quality aspects of water resources with active collaboration of all research organizations working in the area of climate change. Studies related to impact of climate change on water resources have been taken up jointly by National Institute of Hydrology (NIH), Central Water Commission (CWC), Central Ground Water Board and Brahmaputra Board with participation of Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Guwahati, IIT, Kanpur, IIT, Kharagpur and IIT, Roorkee and National Institute of Technology (NIT), Patna and NIT, Srinagar. A “Preliminary Consolidated Report on Effect of Climate Change on Water Resources” has been brought out by NIH and CWC. Studies have been undertaken by Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore on “Assessment of Water Resources under Climatic Scenario of the River Basin Scales”. CWC has undertaken pilot studies for water assessment of Godavari and Brahmani‐Baitarni jointly with National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad.
(c) & (d) Various studies on river channelisation, flood control, river management for stream bank erosion, catchment area processes and stream flow of all the major rivers including Brahmaputra and Barak have been undertaken from time to time by State Governments and other research Institutions as per their requirement. Ministry of Water Resources also undertakes related studies through National Institute of Hydrology, Central Water & Power Research Station and other research institutions under its Research & Development Programme. Brahmaputra Board has prepared 44 numbers Master Plans for Brahmaputra & Barak rivers and their tributaries which give due considerations to the flood control, river training, watershed management, erosion control etc. In addition, Brahmaputra Board also carried out studies in respect of the bank‐line shift/erosion in collaboration with Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad. The studies identified bank‐ line shift/erosion along Brahmaputra river in Dholla‐ Dibrugarh reach, Dhemaji area, Majuli island area, Kaziranga national park reach, stretch between Tezpur and Mangaldoi, Palasbari‐Goalpara reach, downstream of Goalpara and Dhubri area. Among the tributaries, bank line shift/erosion is identified on the banks of Beki, Manas, Aie, Jiadhal, Jiabhareli, Puthimari and Pagladia rivers.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐126 ANSWERED ON‐04.03.2011
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NATIONAL INITIATIVE ON CLIMATE RESILIENT AGRICULTURE . 126 . SHRI NAND KUMAR SAI
(a) whether Government proposes to implement National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture; a new plan scheme, to address impact of climate change on agriculture and allied sector in the country;
(b) if so, the details thereof along with salient features/objectives of the said scheme;
(c) the details of the funds so far allocated and invested under the said scheme; and
(d) the number of farmers likely to benefit directly/indirectly under the said scheme in the country? ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI SHARAD PAWAR)
(a) to (d): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT IN RESPECT OF PARTS (a) TO (d) of RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 126 TO BE ANSWERED ON 04/03/2011 REGARDING “NATIONAL INITIATIVE ON CLIMATE RESILIENT AGRICULTURE”
(a) Yes, Sir. The Government has launched a new scheme ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture’ for capacity building to study the impact of climate change on agriculture and allied sectors in the country.
(b) The scheme aims at evolving cost effective adaptation and mitigation strategies against climate change through (i) strategic research on natural resources, major food crops, livestock, marine and freshwater fisheries for adaptation and mitigation;
(ii) demonstration of available climate resilient practices on farmers’ fields in 100 most vulnerable districts of the country
(iii) strengthen research infrastructure and capacity building of scientists for undertaking long term research on climate change adaptation; and
(iv) sponsored research. The salient features of the scheme include
(i) use of state of the art phenomics system for rapid screening of a large number of elite germplasm for multiple abiotic stress tolerance;
(ii) participatory testing of climate resilient practices; and
(iii) vulnerability assessment of the different production zones including crops, natural resources and socio‐economic component.
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(c) The total budget out lay of the scheme is Rs. 350 crore for XI Plan i.e. Rs. 200 crore for 2010‐11 and Rs. 150 crore for 2011‐12. So far, Rs. 142.115 crore has been released to partner institutions.
(d) The demonstrations of available climate resilient technologies are planned in 100 districts of 27 States covering 1000 farmers in each district which will cover one lakh farmers. These demonstrations will impact other farmers as well as help in refining the results of the work done under the project.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐481 ANSWERED ON‐25.02.2011 CLIMATE RESILIENT AGRICULTURE . 481 . SHRI K.V.P. RAMACHANDRA RAO
(a) whether ICAR has started a new initiative on climate resilient agriculture;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) the achievements made under this initiative? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES (SHRI HARISH RAWAT)
(a) & (b): The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has launched a new initiative called National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture with an out lay of Rs.350 crore for the period 2010‐2012 to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture and allied sectors in the country and evolve cost effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. The components of the scheme include (i) strategic research on natural resources, major food crops, livestock, marine and freshwater fisheries for adaptation and mitigation; (ii) demonstration of available climate resilient practices on farmers’ fields in 100 most vulnerable districts of the country (iii) strengthen research infrastructure and capacity building of scientists for undertaking research on climate change adaptation; and (iv) sponsored research.
(c) The project has been sanctioned recently on January 12, 2011. As a follow up action, a workshop was organized on Feb. 1 & 2, 2011 to finalize the detailed technical programme for all the partner Institutes.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
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RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐72 ANSWERED ON‐25.02.2011 IMPLEMENTATION OF CLIMATE RESILIENT SCHEME 72 . SHRI MOHD. ALI KHAN
(a) whether Government has allocated ` 350 crore for implementation of a new planned scheme National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture to address the impact of climate change on agriculture and allied sectors;
(b) if so, the details thereof, State‐wise especially in Andhra Pradesh; and
(c) the response received from each State Government so far? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI SHARAD PAWAR)
(a) to (c): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT IN RESPECT OF PARTS (a) TO (c) of RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 72 TO BE ANSWERED ON 25/02/2011 REGARDING “IMPLEMENTATION OF CLIMATE RESILIENT SCHEME”
(a) The Government has launched a new scheme called National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture with an out lay of Rs.350 crore for the period 2010‐2012 to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture and allied sectors in the country and evolve cost effective adaptation and mitigation strategies.
(b) The components of the scheme include (i) strategic research on natural resources, major food crops, livestock, marine and freshwater fisheries for adaptation and mitigation; (ii) demonstration of available climate resilient practices on farmers’ fields in 100 most vulnerable districts of the country (iii) strengthen research infrastructure and capacity building of scientists for undertaking long term research on climate change adaptation; and (iv) sponsored research.
The demonstrations of available climate resilient technologies are planned in 100 districts of 27 States (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamilnadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and West Bengal) and one Union Territory (Andaman & Nicobar Islands). In Andhra Pradesh, 7 districts i.e., West Godavari, Khammam, Srikakulam, Nalgonda, Kurnool, Anantapur and Rangareddy are identified for the implementation of the demonstrations through Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs).
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(c) This is mainly a research programme being implemented by the ICAR and Agricultural Universities. No funds are released to the State Governments.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3587 ANSWERED ON‐13.12.2010 GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE NEGOTIATIONS . 3587 . SHRI ISHWAR SINGH
(a) to what extent the outcome of talks being held in Tianjin (China) on global climate change has come up to the expectations of India with regard to the vexed issue of climate finance promised by the developed nations;
(b) whether China, being the world`s largest emitter of greenhouse gases with 23 per cent of global emissions, was targeted by US and other developed nations while India which accounts for only 5 per cent of global emissions, took a low profile, in contrast to its supportive role in the Copenhagen summit; and
(c) if so, the reasons therefor ? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) The Adhoc Working Groups (AWG) under Long‐Term Cooperative action and Kyoto Protocol met at Tianjin, China to continue discussions on various issues of Climate Change. The issues relating to the enhanced implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) including those relating to climate change finance were also discussed by the parties with a view to reach agreed outcomes at the sixteenth Conference of Parties scheduled at Cancun. The discussions on the proposals were not finalised and are continuing at the Conference of Parties at Cancun.
(b) & (c) The developed countries, including, the United States of America, have been insisting in the Climate Change negotiations that emerging economies such as China and India take on substantial initiatives on mitigation including commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. BASIC countries namely India, China, South Africa, and Brazil supported by many other developing countries reiterated the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities as enshrined in the Convention and opposed all such moves of the developed countries, as economic growth is essential for developing countries to eradicate poverty at the earliest and enhance the adaptive capacity of the poor.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2827 ANSWERED ON‐06.12.2010 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 2827 . SHRI RAM JETHMALANI RAVI SHANKAR PRASAD
(a) whether it is a fact that 220 scientists from country`s 120 institutions have recently on the basis of investigation, assessed the impact of climate on various parts of the country;
(b) if so, the number of categories this report has divided the country into;
(c) the regions of the country these categories fall into; and
(d) the expected impact of climate on each region? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) The Ministry of Environment and Forests, under the aegis of Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment (INCCA) has prepared an assessment on the implication of Climate Change for 2030s titled “Climate Change and India: A 4X4 Assessment‐ A Sectoral and Regional Analysis for 2030s”. The INCCA is a Network of over 120 institutions and 220 Scientists countrywide.
(b)&(c) The study assesses the impacts of Climate Change in four climate sensitive regions in India namely Himalayan Region, North‐Eastern Region, Western Ghats and Coastal Areas in the key economic sectors such as Agriculture, Water, Forests and Health.
(d) The Study projects a mixed picture of implications for climate parameters and related impacts on the sectors scheduled. An overall warming for all the regions is projected. All the regions are projected to experience an increase in precipitation in 2030s with respect to 1970s and the increase is maximum in the Himalayan region and minimum increase in the North Eastern region. The extreme precipitation events are likely to increase by 5‐10 days in all the regions. Water yield is projected to increase in the Himalayan Region whereas it is likely to be variable across the other three regions. Change in the composition of the forest, of varying degrees, and Net Primary Productivity is projected in the region studies. Malaria is projected to spread in new areas and threats of its transmission are likely to increase for longer duration.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA
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STARRED QUESTION NO‐361 ANSWERED ON‐06.12.2010 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 361 . SHRI RAVI SHANKAR PRASAD
(a) whether Government has received the report titled `Climate Change and India: A4X4 Assessment in India;
(b) if so, whether it is a fact that this report is a preliminary report;
(c) if so, the details thereof;
(d) whether, on the basis of this preliminary report, Government has prepared a draft action plan to neutralize the adverse impact of climate change in the country; and
(e) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (e) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
Statement referred to in reply to Part (a) to (e) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 361 by Shri Ravi Shankar Prasad regarding Impact of Climate Change
The Report “Climate Change and India: A 4X4 Assessment‐ A Sectoral and Regional Analysis for 2030s” which was released in November 2010, has been prepared by Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment (INCCA). The INCCA is a Network based programme which brings together 120 institutions and 200 Scientists countrywide to undertake the scientific assessment of different aspects of climate change. The study assesses the impacts of Climate Change in four climate sensitive regions in India namely Himalayan Region, North‐Eastern Region, Western Ghats and Coastal Areas in the key economic sectors such as Agriculture, Water, Forests and Health. This is the second major publication of INCCA and this is the first time such a comprehensive, long‐term assessment has been undertaken.
The Study projects a mixed picture of implications for climate parameters and related impacts on the sectors identified. An overall warming for all the regions is projected. All the regions are projected to experience an increase in precipitation in 2030s with respect to 1970s and the increase is maximum in the Himalayan region and minimum in the North Eastern region. The extreme precipitation events are likely to increase by 5 to10 days in all the regions. Water yield is projected to increase in the Himalayan Region whereas it is likely to be variable across the other three regions. Change in the composition of the forest, of varying degrees, and Net Primary Productivity is projected in the region studies. Malaria is projected to spread in new areas and threats of its transmission are likely to increase.
The Government is seized of the impacts of Climate Change and the National Action Plan for Climate Change and its eight missions address the concerns and response to the implications of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2842 ANSWERED ON‐06.12.2010 MEASURING OF CLIMATE CHANGES . 2842 . DR. VIJAY MALLYA
(a) whether Government has any proposal to use remote earth sensing for establishing a strong data base for measuring climate changes;
(b) whether any study has been carried out by the Government to assess the impact of such data base for prevention and control of global warming in the country; and
(c) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (c) Department of Space is carrying out climate and environment related studies pertaining to Land Use/ Land Cover changes, snow and glaciers, methane emissions and desertification processes using remote sensing technique.
The National Institute for Climate and Environment Studies (NICES) in collaboration with National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL) of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)/ Department of Space (DoS) will undertake activities related to: i. Design and development of newer sensors, satellites for studying various climate and environmental parameters; ii. Establishing a ‘Data Centre’ with the repository of climate data and data dissemination to the concerned agencies iii. Carrying out focussed research and developing modelling capabilities utilizing national and international expertise; iv. Capacity building in the areas of climate and environment science.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2064 ANSWERED ON‐29.11.2010 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 2064 . SHRI BIRENDRA PRASAD BAISHYA
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(a) whether Government proposes to conduct advanced fresh studies to assess the impact of climate change/global warming on rising sea level in coastal areas of the country and constant melting of Himalayan glaciers;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether Government has sought international co‐operation in tackling these intimidations;
(d) if so, the details thereof; and
(e) the steps taken/proposed to be taken by Government in tackling these issues? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (b) Government of India has prepared a report on “Climate Change and India” under the aegis of Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment (INCCA) which aims at assessing the adverse impacts of climatic impacts in 2030s on four key sectors of the Indian economy, namely Agriculture, Water, Natural Ecosystems & Biodiversity and Health in four climate sensitive regions of India, namely the Himalayan region, the Western Ghats, the Coastal Area and the North‐East Region. Geological Survey of India (GSI) has also been undertaking glaciological studies on Himalayan glaciers since 1906. Indian Space Research Organisation and Ministry of Environment & Forests are also carrying out a comprehensive programme on inventory of glaciers, their retreat and mass balance studies.
(c) to (d) A collaborative research programme with the Government of United Kingdom and Government of India on the Impacts of Adaptation to Climate Change is under Implementation. The research programme entails assessment of impacts on water, development of climate scenarios, and adaptation framework to address the concerns arising out of climate change.
(e) India released its National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on 30th June 2008 to outline its strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change. The National Action Plan advocates a strategy that promotes adaptation to Climate Change and further enhancement of the ecological sustainability of India’s development path. The National Action Plan envisages eight National Missions, five of which are devoted to meeting the challenge of adaptation to climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2066 ANSWERED ON‐29.11.2010 SCIENTIFIC STUDY FOR CLIMATE CHANGE . 2066 . SHRI JAI PRAKASH
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(a) whether Government has conducted any scientific study to fund out the measures to reduce climate changes and its impact on environments;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) if not, the reasons therefor? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (c) A study on assessment of impact of climate change in 2030s on four key sectors of Indian economy, namely Agriculture, Water, Natural Ecosystems & Biodiversity and Health in four climate sensitive regions of India, namely the Himalayan region, the Western Ghats, the Coastal Area and the North‐East Region has been prepared by the Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment (INCCA), a network‐based programme of the Government of India. The Report provides assessment of impacts on climate change projections, sea level rise and extreme events and sectors on agriculture, water, forests and human health.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2044 ANSWERED ON‐29.11.2010 CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE IN CANCUN . 2044 . SHRIMATI KANIMOZHI
(a) whether Government has resumed negotiations with allied nations ahead of the Climate Change Conference in Cancun (Mexico);
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) what steps Government would take to ensure that there is no repeat of the failed talks as happened during the Copenhagen Summit in December, 2009; and;
(d) what is the status of the $ 10 billion fund to be set up by developed countries, as decided during the Copenhagen Summit? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
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a) to c) Government closely works with its partner countries in the international negotiations on climate change. Negotiations in this regard are being conducted under the auspices of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with a view to achieve fair, ambitious and comprehensive outcome at Cancun. India has actively participated in all meetings and conferences on the subject. India has also coordinated its position on the climate change issues with other BASIC (Brazil, South Africa, India and China) countries in an effort to ensure that the outcomes are achieved as per the Bali Road Map and the principles and provisions of the Convention. d) At Copenhagen, the developed country Parties promised to provide new and additional resources approaching US Dollar 30 billion for the period 2010‐2012 and to mobilize US Dollar 100 billion a year by 2020 to address the needs of adaptation and mitigation in developing countries. Negotiations on the sources, mechanisms and funding entities through which the funds will flow are still being negotiated under the UNFCCC.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2061 ANSWERED ON‐29.11.2010 CLIMATE CHANGES TALKS . 2061 . SHRI SABIR ALI
(a) whether climate talks were held at Tianjin in the middle of October, 2010 where developing nations – Brazil, South Africa, India and China pressed for rejection of protectionism being followed by some developed countries by imposing trade penalties on carbon emissions and if so, the details in this regard; and
(b) whether any resolution has been passed after the talks and if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH) a) to b) Ministers of BASIC (Brazil, South Africa, India and China) countries held their 5th meeting in Tianjin, China on October 10‐11, 2010 to discuss climate change related issues. Ministers discussed the issue of unilateral actions contemplated by some developed countries against products and services of developing countries on the ground of combating climate change and expressed a view that these actions are incompatible with the principles and provisions of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Ministers also stated that such actions will seriously jeopardize international collaboration on climate change and international trade.
A statement was issued by the BASIC Ministers after the meeting. In the statement, the Ministers expressed views on various issues relating to climate change negotiations, such as, the two‐track
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐655 ANSWERED ON‐15.11.2010 NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE 655 . SHRI K.V.P. RAMACHANDRA RAO
(a) Whether it is a fact that under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) announced by Government the ‘ National Mission for a Green India’ has been mooted as one of the eight missions;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether the mission document has been finalized; and
(d) if so, the details thereof and if not, by when it would be finalized? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (d) The ‘National Mission for a Green India’ is one of the eight missions under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) announced by the Government of India. The draft Green Indian Mission has been prepared and submitted to the PM Council on Climate Change for consideration and approval.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐443 ANSWERED ON‐11.11.2010 REVISION OF NATIONAL WATER POLICY DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE . 443 . SHRI T.M. SELVAGANAPATHI
(a) whether it is a fact that Government is formulating a revised national water policy;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
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(c) whether Government is considering to make consultation with the State Governments in this regard; and
(d) whether it is also a fact that it has been necessitated to make a revised national water policy due to climate change? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES
(SHRI VINCENT H. PALA)
(a) Yes, Sir.
(b) to (d) The National Water Policy states that it may be revised periodically as and when need arises. Further, the National Action Plan on Climate Change(NAPCC) states that “ the National Water Policy would be revisited in consultation with States to ensure basin level management strategies to deal with variability in rainfall and river flow due to climate change”. Ministry of Water Resources has initiated the consultation process with various stakeholders for review of National Water Policy. “Review of National Water Policy” has been discussed with the representatives of State Governments during the meeting of the National Water Board held on 18th September 2009. A consultation meeting with Hon’ble Members of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Water Resources, Consultative Committee for Ministry of Water Resources and Parliamentary Forum on Water Conservation and Management was held on 28th July, 2010 at New Delhi. A Brain Storming Session with the academia, experts and professionals was also organized on 26th October, 2010 at New Delhi.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2316 ANSWERED ON‐16.08.2010 ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 2316 . SHRI KALRAJ MISHRA
(a) whether Brazil, South Africa, India and China have unanimously decided to fix a deadline and lay‐ down action plans and communicate the same to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC);
(b) if so, the details of the action plan set out in this regard; and
(c) the steps taken by Government to implement the same? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
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(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) The BASIC group of Countries comprising of Brazil, South Africa, China and India during their meeting in New Delhi on 24th January 2010 expressed their intentions to communicate information on their voluntary mitigation action to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) by 31st January 2010.
(b) Following the Copenhagen Conference on climate change held in December 2009, India has submitted information on its voluntary domestic mitigation objectives to the UNFCCC Secretariat and conveyed that India will endeavor to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 20‐25% by 2020 in comparison with the 2005 level.
(c) The National Action Plan on Climate Change launched by the Government in 2008 is aimed at enhancing the ecological sustainability of the development path of the country. Besides, the Planning Commission has constituted an Expert Group to prepare a strategy for a Low Carbon Economy which will outline an action plan comprising critical low carbon initiatives including sector specific initiatives.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2300 ANSWERED ON‐16.08.2010 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY . 2300 . SHRI RANJITSINH VIJAYSINH MOHITE PATIL
(a) whether there is any report on problem of climate change impact on agriculture and food security;
(b) if so, what challenges the South Asian region is going to face in the following years; and
(c) what action is being taken by Government to redress the problem? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) According to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its 4th Assessment Report published in 2007, human beings are exposed to climate change through changing weather patterns (for example, more intense and frequent extreme events) and indirectly through changes in water, air, food quality and quantity, ecosystems, agriculture and economy. Studies indicates that temperature rise and occurrence of natural weather‐related events may have impact on agricultural land use and production due to snow melt, less availability of irrigation change in frequency and intensity of inter‐ and intra‐ seasonal droughts and floods etc. Simulation analysis results project that wheat yields in Madhya
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Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar are likely to be affected because of increase in temperature due to climate change The increase in minimum temperature by 1 0C during reproductive stage may reduce the wheat yield by 7‐10 %.
(c) Prime Minister’s council has launched a National Action Plan on climate change in June 2008 which including a National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture. The National Mission aims at developing strategies to make Indian agriculture more resilient to climate change through development of new varieties of thermal resistant crops, new credit and insurance mechanisms, better access to information and use of bio‐technology. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has undertaken various studies on impacts, adaptation and vulnerability of Indian agriculture to climate change under the aegis of a National Network Project. An Expert Committee set up by the Ministry of Environment and Forests has also studied the impacts of Climate Change in relevant sectors and recommended the measures necessary to address the issues. The recommendations of the Expert Committee have been shared with the concerned Ministries for consideration and adoption.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2121 ANSWERED ON‐13.08.2010 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 2121 . SHRI ANIL MADHAV DAVE
(a) whether Government has conducted any study regarding changing nature of monsoon along with the impact of climate changes upon agricultural sector in the country and how for agricultural production/yield has been affected/likely to be affected;
(b) if so, the details thereof, crop‐wise and region‐wise; and
(c) the steps being taken by Government to resolve the issues pertaining to adaptation according to climate changes and low productivity in agricultural sector? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION (PROF. K.V. THOMAS)
(a) & (b): The Long‐term rainfall analysis has been done by India Meteorological Department(IMD), Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology(IITM) and under Network Programme on Climate Change by Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR). The analysis indicated no long‐term changes in the mean annual rainfall of the country. However, spatial variability in rainfall has been noticed. A significant decreasing trend in monsoon rainfall was noticed in the sub‐divisions of N.E. India, East Madhya Pradesh including Chhattisgarh. Monsoon rainfall increasing trends were observed along with west coast of India, North West India covering Haryana, Punjab, Chandigarh and Delhi. The winter monsoon rainfall has shown significant increase in trends in the sub‐divisions of Marathwada, Telanagana, North Interior Karnataka, Central India and in Goa. Simulation analysis results project that wheat yields in Madhya
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Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar are likely to be affected because of increase in temperature due to climate change. The increase in minimum temperature by 1ºC during reproductive stage may reduce the wheat yield by 7‐10%.
(c) To resolve the issues related to adaptation and low productivity, strategic research on adaptation and mitigation in crops, livestock and fisheries has been strengthened. Besides, mid‐term corrections in farm operations are effected through contingency plans and weather based agro advisories. Capacity building and awareness campaign are also launched to educate the farmers to adopt the measures like frequent irrigation, use of stress tolerant varieties etc. to mitigate the adverse effect of climatic variability including natural calamities like drought and floods.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐210 ANSWERED ON‐09.08.2010 CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 210 . SHRI MAHENDRA MOHAN
(a) whether Government, under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, has decided to reduce emission intensity by 20 to 25 per cent by 2020;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether the factors responsible for rise in greenhouse gas emissions in the country have been assessed;
(d) if so, the details thereof; and
(e) the details of other steps Government proposes to take to reduce emissions beyond 2020? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (e) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
Statement in response to Parts (a) to (e) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No.210 to be answered on 09.08.2010 regarding “Convention on Climate Change” raised by Shri Mahendra Mohan:
(a) to (e) In the non‐legally binding Copenhagen Accord it was agreed that Annex‐I Parties would submit their quantified economy wide emission targets for 2020 and non Annex‐I Parties would submit mitigation actions consistent with Articles 4.1 & 4.7 of the Convention and in context of sustainable
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1568 ANSWERED ON‐09.08.2010 NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENT STUDIES . 1568 . SHRI RAMDAS AGARWAL
(a) whether the Ministry would join hands with the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for setting up of a National Institute for Climate and Environment Studies;
(b) if so, by when and where it would be set up indicating the initial investment likely to be made for the Institute; and
(c) whether the Institute would also study the state of Himalayan Glaciers apart from studying the climate change as well as measuring the effect of greenhouse emissions in different geographic regions of the country and if so, the details thereof? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
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(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (c) Department of Space (DOS) has proposed to setup a new Institute called “National Institute for Climate and Environment Studies (NICES)” with the involvement of Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Department of Science & Technology (DST) and Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES). The institute will initially be located and nucleated at the National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL), Gadanki near Tirupati, which is an autonomous laboratory involved in monitoring the Earth’s atmosphere, and functions under DOS. There is no time frame for setting up this institute. Mandate of the Institute includes, inter alia, monitoring and measuring the impact of global warming on the Himalayan Glaciers and long term studies on the impacts of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1339 ANSWERED ON‐06.08.2010 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY . 1339 . SHRIMATI SHOBHANA BHARTIA N.K. SINGH
(a) whether Government has been unable to properly address the impact of climate change on the agriculture and food sectors;
(b) if so, the reasons therefor;
(c) whether agriculture and food experts have observed that the agricultural productivity and food availability in the country is likely to fall due to climate change in the next few years; and
(d) if so, the steps Government proposes to take to adopt improved methods to increase agricultural productivity, in view of the threat? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
(SHRI K.V. THOMAS)
(a) to (c): No, Sir. Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture had launched a “National Network Project on Climate Change (NNPCC)” during X Five Year Plan with the objective to study the impact of climate change on agriculture and food sectors including livestock, fisheries, horticulture and forestry at different locations spread across the country. The assessment of climate change and its impact on Indian agriculture is an on‐going process and NNPCC is continuing in the present Plan period also. Though there are no definite and conclusive evidence of the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity, the studies conducted under NNPCC indicate inter annual monsoon rainfall variability and slight change in
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 mean annual temperature, which may affect agricultural production in future. The study also reveals that increase in temperature reduces crop duration, increases crop respiration rates, affects the equilibrium between crops and pests, hastens nutrient mineralization in soils, decreases fertilizer use efficiencies, and increases evapo‐ transpiration. The increase in Carbon Dioxide is beneficial for several crops such as wheat, rice, legumes and oilseeds. However, crops such as maize, jowar, bajra and sugarcane do not benefit from increase in Carbon Dioxide.
(d): With a view to enhance the agricultural productivity, sustaining foodgrain production and to address the various issues relating to climate change adaptation and mitigation in the agriculture and food sectors, Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture has intensified the implementation of various programmes/schemes, namely; Macro Management of Agriculture (MMA), National Food Security Mission (NFSM), National Horticulture Mission (NHM), Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana(RKVY), Micro Irrigation (MI) etc.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐4050 ANSWERED ON‐03.05.2010 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 4050 . SHRI GIREESH KUMAR SANGHI
(a) whether Government has conducted any study to assess the impact of climate change on different system including agriculture in India;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether any action plan has been checked out by Government to combat ill effects of climate changes in coordination with the global agencies; and
(d) if so, the features of such action plan? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) The Government had set up an Expert Committee on Impacts of Climate Change. The Status Reports on various sectors e.g. agriculture, methane emissions from livestock, coastal zone, health, water resources, forests and natural ecosystem were prepared and shared with the nodal Ministries. Indian Council on Agriculture Research (ICAR) has set up a network project “Impact, Adaptation, Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change”. The network partners have assessed the likely impacts of climate change on several crops, soils, pests, water, fish and livestock. They have also
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(c) & (d) The Government has released National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on 30th June 2008. The National Action Plan outlines eight Missions in specific areas of solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, sustainable habitat, water, sustaining Himalayan Ecosystems, Green India, sustainable agriculture and strategic knowledge for climate change. These National Missions are being institutionalized by respective Ministries for implementation. The National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture aims at developing strategies to make Indian agriculture more resilient to climate change through development of new varieties of thermal resistant crops, new credit and insurance mechanisms, better access to information and use of bio‐technology. The Mission has a component of international cooperation with appropriate international bodies.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐4037 ANSWERED ON‐03.05.2010 STRATEGY FOR CLIMATE CHANGE . 4037 . SHRI KALRAJ MISHRA
(a) whether India and China decided to adopt a common strategy for climate change at a meeting between the Prime Ministers of two countries at Copenhagen on the side lines of recent climate summit; and
(b) if so, the precise strategy set out at the said meeting? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) The Prime minister of India and China met on the sidelines of Copenhagen Climate Change meeting and agreed to coordinate their positions in G‐77/China meting as well as in all multilateral negotiations related to Climate Change. They underscored the fact that India and China are large emerging economies and have to play an important role in international negotiations while safeguarding the interests of Developing Countries.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐527 ANSWERED ON‐03.05.2010
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SETTING UP OF NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES . 527 . DR. RAM PRAKASH
(a) whether any proposal for setting up of National Institute of Climate and Environmental Sciences is under consideration;
(b) if so, by when and where it would be set up; and
(c) whether it would also study the state of Himalayan Glaciers? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (c) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
Statement in response to Parts (a) to (c) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No.527 to be answered on 03.05.2010 regarding “Setting up of National Institute of Climate and Environmental Sciences” raised by Dr. Ram Prakash:
(a) to (c ) Department of Space (DOS) proposes to setup a new Institute called “National Institute for Climate and Environment Studies (NICES)” with the involvement of Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), Department of Science & Technology (DST) and Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES). The institute will initially be located and nucleated at the national Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL), Gadanki near Tirupati, which is an autonomous laboratory involved in monitoring the Earth’s atmosphere, and functions under DOS. There is no time frame for setting up this institute. Mandate of the Institute includes, inter alia, monitoring and measuring the impact of global warming of the Himalayan Glaciers and long term studies on the impacts of Climate Change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐4027 ANSWERED ON‐03.05.2010 SATELLITE FOR CLIMATE RESEARCH . 4027 . DR. RAM PRAKASH
(a) whether there is any proposal to launch climate research satellite in solar orbit in near future to gather credible data regarding factors responsible for climate change; and
(b) if so, the name of the country by whose assistance these satellites would be launched along with their launching schedule?
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ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) As a part of Indo‐French Space collaboration, Indian Space Research organisation (ISRO) is planning to launch “Megha Tropiques” satellite in polar orbit within a year. This satellite will provide data on atmospheric humidity, radiation budget and amount of precipitation to study the climate. India and France are jointly developing the scientific payloads of “Megha Tropiques”.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐436 ANSWERED ON‐26.04.2010 CLIMATE RESEARCH CENTRES . 436 . SHRI N.K. SINGH
(a) whether India and United States have recently agreed to set up climate research centres to find out technological solutions for low carbon growth;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether any technologies, to meet the emission intensity reduction target of 20 to 25 per cent by 2020, have been offered by US; and
(d) if so, the details thereof and to what extent the setting up of climate research centres is beneficial for India? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (d) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
Statement in response to Parts (a) to (d) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 436 to be answered on 26.4.2010 regarding “Climate Research Centres” raised by Shri N.K. Singh:
(a)to(d) India and USA have an institutionalized energy dialogue which explores cooperation in clean and efficient energy and development of renewable resources of energy. During the visit of Prime Minister to Washington in November 2009, the two countries signed a “Memorandum of Understanding to enhance cooperation on Energy Security, Energy Efficiency, Clean Energy and Climate Change”, which seeks to strengthen and intensify India‐USA collaboration in these areas.
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One of the priority initiatives of Indo‐US MoU is setting up of an Indo‐US Clean Energy Research and Deployment initiative, including a Joint Research Centre to foster innovation and joint efforts to accelerate deployment of clean energy technologies. The US side has proposed for discussion a draft protocol regarding setting up of a Joint Clean Energy Research & Development Centre. The priority areas of focus for the initiative is likely to include solar energy, energy efficiency, smart grid, bio fuels, clean coal technologies and integrated gasification combined cycle technology. The Joint Clean Energy Research & Development Centre will help accelerate deployment of clean energy technologies and accelerate the transition to a low carbon economy.
India & US have actively participated under various programmes including the Asia‐Pacific Partnership on Clean Development & Climate which aims at developing, deploying and transferring cleaner and more efficient technologies. However, no specific technologies have been offered by US to help India meet the objectives of its domestic mitigation actions.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3262 ANSWERED ON‐26.04.2010 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 3262 . SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY
(a) whether climate related weather events have caused loss of lives and livelihood in different parts of the country during the last three years;
(b) if so, the details thereof, year‐wise and State‐wise;
(c) whether Government has made a survey to assess the number of people in different States, including Bihar, who are vulnerable to climate‐related extreme weather events; and
(d) if so, the details thereof and the specific plan to reduce the vulnerabilities of people in the drought and flood‐affected zones of Bihar which are highly sensitive to climate‐related weather events? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a)& (b) The Fourth Assessment Report of the Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change published in the year 2007 indicates increased risk of more intense, more frequent and longer lasting heat waves, summer dryness and greater risk of drought and floods. Further, the report has also projected adverse impacts of climate change on agriculture, food production and increase of the incidence of Vector Borne Diseases which are likely to cause adverse impacts on life of human beings and livelihood. However, no
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(c) & (d) No survey has been made to assess the number of people vulnerable to climate related extreme weather event. Large population of India including Bihar depends on climate‐sensitive sectors like agriculture and forestry for livelihoods. India is already spending almost 2.5 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for programmes relating to adaptation to climate variability, in the areas of agriculture, water resources, health and sanitation. Further, recognizing the threat of climate change, a National Action Plan on Climate Change was launched in 2008.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3278 ANSWERED ON‐26.04.2010 CLIMATE CHANGE . 3278 . SHRI RAMACHANDRA KHUNTIA
(a) whether UNFCCC is the legally binding multilateral instrument on the basis of which international community will deal with climate change; and
(b) whether it is a fact that its principle and objectives continue to be valid and govern all of India’s future activities on the subject? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol are the legally binding multilateral instruments on the basis of which Parties carry forward their agenda on various aspects of climate change.
India is committed to fully abiding by the principles and provisions of the Convention & its Protocol. Accordingly, in the international negotiations, India has insisted that Developed Countries should meet their commitments with regard to transfer of technology and financial resources to developing countries and should also take deeper emission reduction commitments for the second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol. India is pursuing a path of sustainable development in accordance with the principle of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities of the Convention.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA
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STARRED QUESTION NO‐331 ANSWERED ON‐19.04.2010 THREAT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 331 . DR. GYAN PRAKASH PILANIA
(a) the extent of threat of climate change to glaciers, rivers, forests, flora and fauna, cities on sea coast, agriculture, water security, food security, etc. in the country;
(b) whether the threat to all developmental areas has been quantified;
(c) if so, the details thereof;
(d) the initiatives undertaken to face this challenge; and
(e) the consequential effect of such initiatives? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (e) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
Statement referred to in reply to Part (a) to (e) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 331 by Dr. Gyan Prakash Pilania regarding Threat of climate change.
Climate Change is a long‐term phenomenon and has been duly recognized by the Inter‐governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), in its Fourth Assessment Report released in 2007. The Government is aware of the adverse impacts of climate change viz. increased frequency of extreme weather events, variation in pattern of monsoons, rise in surface temperature, sea level rise and melting of glaciers. Climate Change is also likely to have adverse impacts in various sectors such as water resources, agriculture, forests, natural eco‐systems, coastal zones, health, energy and infrastructure. No studies have quantified the threat to developmental areas.
The international community including India is actively engaged in finding ways and means of preventing climate change. As a part of the global efforts, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was adopted in 1992 and its Kyoto Protocol was negotiated in 1997.
Being aware of the likely implications of climate change the Government formulated National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) and released it on 30th June 2008. The National Action Plan outlines eight Missions in specific areas of solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, sustainable habitat, water, sustaining Himalayan Ecosystems, Green India, sustainable agriculture and strategic knowledge for climate change. These National Missions form the core of the National Action Plan, representing multi‐ pronged, long term and integrated strategies for achieving key goals in the context of climate change. The National Missions are being institutionalized by respective Ministries for implementation.
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Besides, Government has taken several steps towards sustainable development through a range of policies and programmes to mitigate climate change aimed at energy conservation, improved energy efficiency in various sectors; promoting use of renewable energy; power sector reforms; use of cleaner and lesser carbon intensive fuel for transport; fuel switching to cleaner energy; afforestation and conservation of forests; promotion of clean coal technologies and encouraging Mass Rapid Transport systems.
India has also implemented programmes relating to adaptation to climate variability, in the areas of agriculture, water resources, health and sanitation, forests and strengthening of coastal zone infrastructure.
National Action Plan outlines steps that will enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of India’s development path while yielding co‐benefits for addressing climate change effectively.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2485 ANSWERED ON‐19.04.2010 CLIMATE DEAL BY INDIA AND CHINA . 2485 . SHRIMATI T. RATNA BAI
(a) whether India and China have given nod to climate deal recently;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) the reservation of Government in this regard; and
(d) the views of the people, Government and the industry in this regard? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a)&(b) India and China have communicated to the UNFCCC their voluntary mitigation actions proposed to be undertaken up to the year 2020. India has stated that it will endeavor to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 20‐25% by 2020 in comparison to 2005 level. China has indicated that it will endeavor to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40‐45% by 2020 compared to the 2005 level, increase the share of non‐fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 15% by 2020 and increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the 2005 levels.
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(c) Government has made clear that India’s mitigation actions are voluntary in nature and are not to be part of any legally binding agreement.
(d) The Government is committed to safeguarding the interests of the people and industry. To this end, Government regularly consults people through interactions with Civil Society and non‐governmental organisations as well as industry representatives.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2483 ANSWERED ON‐19.04.2010 NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AUTHORITY . 2483 . SHRI VIJAY JAWAHARLAL DARDA
(a) whether a National Climate Change Mitigation Authority is being established that would oversee aspirational climate related targets to be achieved by 2020;
(b) if so, whether the role of concerned Ministries would be precisely defined to bring about comprehensive benefits of reduced greenhouse gas emission; and
(c) whether a preliminary study has been conducted in related fields like organic cultivation to reduce methane emission, better efficiency of coal plants, mileage‐based efficiency entrusted with R&D activities? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change set up by the Government in June 2007 has the mandate of evolving a coordinated response to issues relating to climate change at the national level including providing oversight for formulation of action plans in the area of assessment, adoption and mitigation of climate change.
(b) Various Ministries are involved in institutionalizing the National Missions and other Initiatives under the National Action Plan on Climate Change. The NAPCC has the objective of enhancing sustainability of India’s development path while addressing climate change as co‐benefit. The objective of NAPCC will also be achieved through articulation in Five Year Plans.
(c) No specific study has been conducted with regard to organic cultivation to reduce methane emissions. However, the Government is making all efforts to further increase the efficiency of the coal‐ based power projects through installation of super critical boilers in new coal‐fired power plants and
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 other measures related to coal washing and coal blending. Star efficiency labeling of vehicles is also a part of R&D activities undertaken by the Government.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1861 ANSWERED ON‐15.03.2010 GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE . 1861 . DR. JANARDHAN WAGHMARE
(a) whether Government has taken cognizance of the reports which are creating panic in the minds of the people by making different statements regarding the Himalayan Glaciers and the drying of the rivers like Ganga and Yamuna; and
(b) if so what steps are being taken to present a realistic and reliable picture based on scientific research to the people, on the one hand, and by taking preventive measures to avert the disastrous consequences of the global warming and climate change, on the other hand? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a)&(b) The Fourth Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), suggesting disappearance of Himalayan glaciers by 2035 was based on poorly substantiated estimates of recession. In drafting the paragraph on the subject in question, the clear and well established standards of evidence, required by the IPCC procedures, were not applied properly. Government is sensitive to the need for comprehensive and long term studies to determine the causes of recession of glaciers including the impact of global warming on Himalayan glaciers. The Ministry of Environment and Forests has published a discussion paper titled “Himalayan Glaciers: A state –of‐Art Review of Glacial Studies, Glacial Retreat and Climate Change authored by Shri V.K. Raina, Ex. Deputy Director General, Geological Survey of India. This paper contains information on Glacier Monitoring and key finding of recent studies in the Indian Himalayas and notes that glaciers have retreated throughout history as part of a natural cyclic phenomenon. The National Action Plan on Climate Change which was launched in June 2008, envisages a National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system amongst its 8 national missions. A new research centre on Himalayan Glaciology has been established at Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun. This Mission and the Centre would address the issues of Himalayan glaciers. The Government has developed Guidelines and best practices for Sustaining Himalayan Eco‐system (G‐She), which is shared with all State Governments in the Himalayan Region.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐246 ANSWERED ON‐15.03.2010 INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 246 . PROF. P.J. KURIAN
(a) Governments reaction to the reports that the Report of UN intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) contains many exaggerations inaccuracies, fabricated graphs, data and illogical conclusions, especially with regard to melting of Himalayan Glaciers; rising of sea levels, destruction of Sunderbans, etc;
(b) the impact of these revelations India’s stand on climate change negotiations and Carbon Trading Business;
(c) whether Government proposes to reconsider its voluntary commitments to cut carbon emissions, in view of the unreliable IPCC report and absence of independent verifiable research findings/data on global warming/climate changes; and
(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (d) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House. STATEMENT REFERRED TO PART (a) to (d) OF RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 246 BY PROF. P.J. KURIEN TO BE ANSWERED ON 15.3.2010
(a) & (b) The Fourth Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), suggesting disappearance of Himalayan glaciers by 2035 was based on poorly substantiated estimates of recession. In drafting the paragraph on the subject in question, the clear and well established standards of evidence, required by the IPCC procedures, were not applied properly. The Government is sensitive to the need for comprehensive and long term studies to determine the causes of recession of glaciers including the impact of global warming on Himalayan glaciers. The Ministry of Environment and Forests has published a discussion paper titled “Himalayan Glaciers: A state –of‐Art Review of Glacial Studies, Glacial Retreat and Climate Change authored by Shri V.K. Raina, Ex. Deputy Director General, Geological Survey of India. This paper contains information on Glacier Monitoring and key finding of recent studies in the Indian Himalayas and notes that glaciers have retreated throughout history as part of a natural cyclic phenomenon.
(c) & (d) Government is conscious of its responsibility to take steps to address climate change at the global and national level in accordance with the principles and provisions of the United Framework
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Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol. Government is committed to making endeavours to reduce emissions intensity of GDP by 20‐25% by 2020 in comparison to the 2005 level through voluntary action in different sectors that will be outlined through the Five Year Plans. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1870 ANSWERED ON‐15.03.2010 CLIMATE CHANGE . 1870 . SHRI RAGHUNANDAN SHARMA
(a) whether there is difference of opinion among experts on Government’s approach in Copenhagen on the issue of climate change;
(b) whether per capita allowed emission can affect some parts of the country adversely in the future;
(c) if so, the details thereof and the likely damage as a result thereof; and
(d) Government’s plan to tackle it? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) Approach of Government on the issue of climate change at Copenhagen was clearly enunciated in the statement of the Prime minister made on December 18, 2009 at the High Level Segment of the 15th Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change (UNFCCC).
(b) to (d) Actions and commitments of Parties under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change is based on the principle of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. The concept of per capita emissions is derived from equity and takes into account the responsibility for historical emissions of countries. Prime Minister has announced that India will never exceed the average per capita emissions of the developed countries. This protects the interests of the country and ensures adequate space for growth and sustainable development.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1849 ANSWERED ON‐15.03.2010 CENTRE FOR CLIMATE CHANGE DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND SNOW AND GLACIER STUDIES .
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1849 . SHRIMATI VIPLOVE THAKUR
(a) whether Government has received a proposal for setting up a centre in district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh for climate change, disaster management and snow and glacier studies to help chalk out mitigation and adaptation strategies and enhance preparedness for natural disasters;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether views from the experts and necessary approvals from various Ministries/Departments have been sought;
(d) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor;
(e) the details of the funds allocated for setting up of the centre; and
(f) by when this centre is likely to be started? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) Government is aware of a proposal entitled “Establishment of Regional Centre for Monitoring Glacial Environment and Climate Change in Himachal Pradesh” prepared by State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Himachal Pradesh. However, no specific proposal for setting up a centre in district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh for climate change, disaster management and snow and glacier studies has been received.
(b) to (f) Do not arise.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1604 ANSWERED ON‐11.03.2010 DATABASE FOR CLIMATE IMPACT STUDIES . 1604 . SHRI A. VIJAYARAGHAVAN
(a) whether NISCAIR, a constituent establishment of CSIR in collaboration with Jawaharlal Nehru University and with cooperation of UNESCO, had initiated project, “Development of Database for Climate Impact Studies in India with Special Reference to Lakshadweep”;
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(b) if so, the details and present status including financial support received as on today;
(c) if so, whether CSIR had submitted same towards National Missions of Climate Change;
(d) if so, whether Research Council of NISCAIR was held during the year 2008 and 2009 and started to provide financial support to project; and
(e) if so, whether steps will be taken to provide remaining financial assistance other than it received ? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES
(PRITHVIRAJ CHAVAN)
(a) Yes Sir. A Scientist at NISCAIR in collaboration with Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) has submitted a proposal to the 8th Research Council (RC) meeting of NISCAIR on 6th June 2008.
(b) The project envisages to identify indicators of climate change impact and to develop a web enabled database with cooperation of various organizations in India. It also envisages study of adaptation and mitigation due to climate change. RC had recommended that project proposal be submitted to Department of Science & Technology ((DST) and other possible funding agencies such as Lakshadweep Administrator, Island Authority of India and CSIR for possible funding. The project has already received financial support of Rs.12.45 lakh from UT Administration, Lakshadweep ; Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi; and National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Bangalore. The spatial data development has been completed. The base map of selected island has been prepared in GIS domain using the existing map. The first field visit has been done during 23rd January 2010 to 2nd February 2010. All the three investigators of the project had visited and collected data from Kavarathi and Agatti islands of Lakshadweep Archipelago.
(c) No, Sir.
(d) Research Council of NISCAIR in its 8th meeting in 2008 had approved the project for submission to funding agencies; and
(e) As per CSIR guidelines, the Principal Investigator shall submit the requirement in the prescribed format to the DST and other funding agencies as desired by the RC, NISCAIR in its 8th Meeting.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1558 ANSWERED ON‐11.03.2010 MODEL FOR ACCURATE CLIMATE FORECAST . 1558 . SHRI R.C. SINGH
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(a) whether it is a fact that Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) is developing a model for accurate climate forecast for helping the farmers; and
(b) if so, the details thereon? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES, MINISTER OF STATE IN THE PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE, MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS
(SHRI PRITHVIRAJ CHAVAN)
(a) Continuous efforts are put by India Meteorological Department (IMD) along with other Research and Development (R & D) institutions to improve the climate forecasts on monthly and seasonal scale to help the farmers.
(b) The following steps have been taken to help the farming community: i) An experimental extended range forecast assessment in the 15‐20 day range has been put under extensive performance evaluation to provide an additional rainfall outlook up to 15‐days beyond the on‐ going weekly agro‐meteorological advisory bulletins, ii) A new Climate Forecast System (CFS), comprising of coupled ocean‐atmospheric model adapted from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), USA along with other climate information generation tools, is under implementation on High Performance Computing (HPC) Systems at Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune and IMD.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐155 ANSWERED ON‐08.03.2010 REPORT OF IPCC ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 155 . SHRI BHARATKUMAR RAUT
(a) whether Government has expressed serious concern over the false report of United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) regarding melting of Himalayan glaciers by 2035;
(b) whether it is not for the first time that climate science relating to India has been found to be fallacious or incorrect and also the revelation that the data regarding melting of Himalayan glaciers was unverified has dented the image of IPCC; and
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(c) what steps Government proposes to take to stop such misleading speculations by the UN institutions in future? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (c) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House. STATEMENT REFERRED TO PART (a) to (c) OF RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 155 BY SHRI BHARATKUMAR RAUT TO BE ANSWERED ON 8.3.2010
The Fourth Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its Report of Working Group II on Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability published in 2007 has provided information that glaciers in Himalaya are receding faster than in any other part of the world. If the present rate continues, the likelihood of them disappearing by the year 2035 and perhaps sooner, is very high if the earth keeps warming.
In the context of Himalayan glacier melting, IPCC has stated that clear and well established standards of evidence required by the IPCC procedures, were not applied properly in drafting the paragraph on the subject in question.
The view of the Government is that there is a need for a comprehensive and long term studies to determine the causes of recession of glaciers including the impact of global warming on Himalayan glaciers and therefore the Government has encouraged and supported discussions based on scientific findings on the relevant issues. The Ministry of Environment and Forests has published a discussion paper titled “Himalayan Glaciers: A state‐of‐Art Review of Glacial Studies, Glacial Retreat and Climate Change authored by Shri V.K. Raina, Ex. Deputy Director General, Geological Survey of India. This paper contains information on Glacier Monitoring and key finding of recent studies in the Indian Himalayas and notes that glaciers have retreated throughout history as part of a natural cyclic phenomenon.
The National Action Plan on Climate Change which was launched in June 2008 includes a National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system amongst its eight national missions. A new research centre on Himalayan Glaciology has been established at Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun. This Mission and the Centre are means to provide relevant information relating to Himalayan glaciers.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1104 ANSWERED ON‐08.03.2010 TACKLING CLIMATE CHANGES . 1104 . SHRI GIREESH KUMAR SANGHI
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(a) what are challenges and issues arising out of the need to tackle climate changes in the country;
(b) whether Government proposes to collaborate with the developed countries for transfer of low carbon energy technologies to tackle climate changes; and
(c) if so, the details thereof along with the barriers in transferring clean technologies between the developed and developing countries? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) The challenges and issues arising out of the need to tackle climate change relate to adaptation to and mitigation of climate change. Adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change viz. increased frequency of extreme weather events, variation in pattern of monsoons, rise in surface temperature, sea level rise, melting of glaciers, likely affect agriculture and food production as well as increase of the incidence of vector borne diseases is a major challenge. At the same time, the countries has to follow the path of sustainable development to address the concerns of development while improving the energy intensity of production.
(b) Energy security is vital for the economic growth of country and reduction of poverty. India has been investing for many years in green technologies including wind and biomass based technologies. Lately, further momentum has been given to the solar technology under the National Solar Mission. Various companies and institutions collaborate on these advance clean technologies with developed countries.
(c) The Technology development and Transfer issue is under active discussion at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The discussions include a Technology Mechanism to accelerate the technology development and transfer in support of adaptation and mitigation activities. The barriers include interalia Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) in relation to clean technologies, absorption capacity of developing countries and trade barriers.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1095 ANSWERED ON‐08.03.2010 CLIMATE CHANGE VIS A VIS CHILD DEATHS . 1095 . SHRI M.V. MYSURA REDDEY
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(a) whether it is a fact that as per the ‘Feeling the Heat: Child Survival in a Changing Climate’ Report of Save the Children, 175 million children will be affected due to natural disasters caused due to climate change and India would contribute highest deaths in this; and
(b) if so, how Government is planning to address this grave problem? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) Government is aware of a Report titled ‘Feeling the Heat: Child Survival in a Changing Climate’, published by ‘Save the children’ in which they have discussed the likely impact of rising temperature, rise in sea level and more frequent natural disasters on children’s lives. The Report talks of the need to prevent adverse affect of climate change on health, food security, access to clean water and livelihood.
(b) Government conducts regular assessment of vulnerability of various sectors of society to climate change as a part of scientific studies and adopts actions necessary to address climate change. Although adverse impact of climate change are felt by various sectors, more scientific studies and evidence are needed to establish direct linkage between specific trends in climate change and their impact on children’s health. Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has set up a Task Force on Climate Change and identified the research areas such as vector‐borne diseases, eye health and respiratory diseases. Amongst the steps taken by Government in this regard are submission of India’s first National Communication to UNFCCC in 2001, preparation of National Communication for submission in 2011, study of impacts of climate change in India by an Expert Committee in 2008 and launch of National Action Plan on Climate Change by Prime Minister in 2008.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1098 ANSWERED ON‐08.03.2010 BASIC COUNTRIES MEET ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 1098 . SHRI RAJEEV CHANDRASEKHAR
(a) whether it is a fact that the BASIC countries met recently to discuss the issues relating to climate change; and
(b) if so, the details of the issues discussed and finalized during the meeting? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
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(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) The BASIC group of countries consisting of Brazil, South Africa, India and China met in New Delhi on 24th January 2010 to discuss Post‐Copenhagen developments and the strategy for climate change negotiations in 2010.
(b) In the meeting, the Ministers underscored the centrality of the UNFCCC process in climate change negotiations and the decision of the Parties to carry forward negotiations in the two tracks under the UNFCCC in 2010 leading up to COP‐16 at Mexico. The Ministers also called upon the COP President to convene at least five meetings of Parties before the Mexico Conference. The Ministers stressed that Copenhagen Accord should facilitate the two tracks of negotiations under the Bali Road Map to lead to successful conclusion of on‐going negotiations at Mexico. The Ministers also called for early flow of US$10 billion in 2010 with focus on least developed countries, Small Island developing states and countries of Africa to urgently address the global challenges of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐158 ANSWERED ON‐08.03.2010 FUND FOR CLIMATE CHANGES 158 . DR. RAM PRAKASH
(a) whether it has been agreed in Copenhagen that $100 Billion will be raised per year by 2020 to help developing countries cut carbon emission and adapt to climate change;
(b) whether there is any agreement on how much individual countries would contribute to and benefit from such fund;
(c) whether this money will go to Copenhagen Green Climate Fund; and
(d) if not, who will monitor this fund? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (d) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House. Statement in response to Parts (a) to (d) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 158 to be answered on 8.3.2010 regarding “Fund For Climate Changes” raised by Dr. Ram Prakash:
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(a) to (d) During the Copenhagen Conference on Climate Change, no decisions could be taken on the issues under discussion including those relating to climate change finance. The Parties have decided to continue negotiations till December 2010 when Sixteenth Conference of Parties will be held in Cancun, Mexico. However, the ‘Copenhagen Accord’ resulting from a discussion amongst a select group of countries, that was not adopted but only ‘noted’ by the Parties has a provision stating that developed countries should mobilize jointly US$100 billion per year by 2020 to address the needs of developing countries. As per the Accord, developed countries would provide approximately US$ 30 billion in new and additional resources including for forestry and through international institutions for the period 2010‐12, with balance allocation between adaptation & mitigation. The Accord has a provision for establishment of ‘Copenhagen Green Climate Fund’ as an operating entity of the financial mechanism of the Convention to support projects, programmes, policies and other activities in developing countries related to mitigation including REDD plus, adaptation, capacity building, technology development & transfer. As on date, no agreement has been reached amongst the Parties and the individual countries regarding the financial mechanism of the Convention.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1073 ANSWERED ON‐08.03.2010 COPENHAGEN ACCORD ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 1073 . SHRI RAMDAS AGARWAL
(a) whether the Environment Ministers of the basic countries i.e. India, China, Brazil and South Africa discussed in Copenhagen the accord on climate change before informing United Nations;
(b) whether Government has given its consent to many new elements which emerged from the accord; and
(c) whether India had more to loose than to gain from the above mentioned accord? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) The Environment Ministers of BASIC group of countries i.e. Brazil, South Africa, India and China regularly consulted each other and adopted a coordinated approach to the negotiations on climate change and Copenhagen Accord during the Copenhagen Conference. The BASIC Ministers also met in New Delhi on 24th January 2010 to discuss the strategy for climate change negotiations in 2010 in the wake of developments at Copenhagen.
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(b) & (c) The Accord does not have a legally binding character of its own and India considers Accord as an input to the multilateral negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol. The Copenhagen Accord could not be adopted by Parties and was only ‘noted’ by them. The interest of developing countries like India remains protected in the Decisions taken by the Conference of Parties at Copenhagen.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐884 ANSWERED ON‐04.03.2010 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER RESOURCES . 884 . SHRIMATI VIPLOVE THAKUR
(a) whether Government has conducted any survey to assess the impact of climate change on water resources in the country particularly in Himachal Pradesh;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) the steps taken by Government to check the impact of climate change on country`s water resources including major rivers and basins? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES
(SHRI VINCENT H. PALA)
(a) to (c) Ministry of Water Resources has not conducted any survey for assessment of impact of climate change on water resources. However, the Ministry of Water Resources has constituted a “Standing Committee for Assessment of Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources” under the Chairman, Central Water Commission (CWC) and studies related to impact of climate change on water resources have been taken up jointly by National Institute of Hydrology (NIH), CWC, Central Ground Water Board and Brahmaputra Board with participation of Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Guwahati, IIT, Kanpur, IIT, Kharagpur and IIT, Roorkee and National Institute of Technology (NIT), Patna and NIT, Srinagar. A “Preliminary Consolidated Report on Effect of Climate Change on Water Resources” has been brought out by NIH and CWC. Research studies undertaken by NIH inter‐alia include: (i) Impact Assessment of Climate Change on hydrological regime of a snow and glacier melt runoff dominated Himalayan river (Spiti River); (ii) Hydrological sensitivity of a large Himalayan basin to the climate change (Sutlej basin); and (iii) Effect of climatic variation on runoff regime of river Chenab.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
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MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3413 ANSWERED ON‐21.12.2009 ASSESSMENT OF SCIENTIFIC REPORTS ON GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE 3413 . SHRI BIRENDRA PRASAD BAISHYA
(a) whether his Ministry has fully assessed from various scientific reports about the global warming and climate change in coming years;
(b) if so, the findings thereof including the specific happing on the Brahmaputra and Ganga basin arising from Tibet Plateau;
(c) the remedial measures, if any, already taken and likely to be taken in the near future;
(d) whether any specific authority or cell is created for this purpose;
(e) if so, the details thereof; and
(f) if not, the reasons therefor? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a)&(b) The Government has accepted the findings of the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published in 2007, which provides an assessment of the scientific literature published in the international scientific journals on various aspects of climate change including inter‐alia science, impact, adaptation, vulnerability and mitigation. It is also reported that glaciers in the Himalayas are receding faster than in any other part of the world. The current trend of glacial melt suggests that the Ganga, Indus, Brahmaputra and other rivers that criss‐cross the northern Indian plains are likely to become seasonal rivers in the near future as a consequence of climate change . As a part of the Initial National Communication of India to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), studies in regard to the vulnerability assessment and adaptation to climate change in various areas such as water resources, agriculture, forests, natural eco‐systems, coastal zones, health energy and infrastructure have been made which have also projected future climate scenarios and likely impacts in these areas .
(c) Being aware of the likely implications of climate change the Government has released National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on 30th June 2008. The National Action Plan outlines eight Missions in specific areas of solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, sustainable habitat, water, sustaining Himalayan Ecosystems, Green India, sustainable agriculture and strategic knowledge for climate change. These National Missions are being institutionalized by respective Ministries for implementation.
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(d)to(f) The National Missions are to be institutionalized by the respective Ministries and will be organized through inter‐sectoral groups. Ministry of Environment has been designated for coordinating the implementation of all the Missions.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3440 ANSWERED ON‐21.12.2009 COPENHAGEN MEETING ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 3440 . SHRI E.M. SUDARSANA NATCHIAPPAN
(a) whether the Copenhagen meet on climate change could appreciate the stand of India and its domestic commitment; and
(b) if so, which are the countries working together with India in this international meet and co‐operate for future commitments? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) India’s approach to Climate Change is fully anchored in the United Nations Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Kyoto Protocol and the Bali Action Plan. The actions of the Government of India are guided by the principles of equity and the common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities as enshrined in the Convention and the policy laid down in the National Action Plan on Climate Change. Developed countries however often speak of dumping the Kyoto Protocol and that major developing countries should also take on emission reduction commitments. India has taken a position that our voluntary domestic commitments that are not supported by international finance and technology should not be subject to any international Monitoring, Reporting and Verification.
(b) India is an active participant in the G‐77 & China. Besides, India along with Brazil, South Africa and China (BASIC Countries) often coordinate their position on various issues of climate change at international negotiations including at Copenhagen.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐458 ANSWERED ON‐21.12.2009 CLIMATE CHANGE . 458 . DR. K. MALAISAMY
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(a) the details of stage of the concern and priorities of Government on climate change;
(b) whether there is a National Plan, based on the experience and expertise and if so, the details thereof; and
(c) whether a Strength Weakness Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis was made and whether the country is confident of tackling the problem of climate change? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (c) Climate change is a serious global environmental concern. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the global atmospheric concentrations of Greenhouse Gas have increased markedly as a result of human activities since 1750 and now far exceed pre‐industrial values. As projected by IPCC, climate change can slow down the pace of progress towards sustainable development either directly through increased exposure to adverse impact or indirectly through erosion of the capacity to adapt. It may also alter the distribution and quality of India’s natural resources. India is faced with the challenge of sustaining its rapid economic growth while dealing with the global threat of climate change. Recognizing the challenge of climate change, the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) was prepared based on the experience, expertise and information available through various studies. The NAPCC was released on 30th June 2008 to outline India’s strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change. The National Action plan outlines eight Missions in specific areas of Solar Energy, Enhanced Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Habitat, Water, Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system, Green India, Sustainable Agriculture and Strategic knowledge for Climate Change. It outlines a number of steps that will enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of India’s development path. Climate Change is a multi‐dimensional issue. Studies have been conducted on different aspects of the climate change phenomenon. NAPCC is a comprehensive response to the challenge of climate change in the country.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3425 ANSWERED ON‐21.12.2009 GOVERNMENT APPROACH ON INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE 3425 . SHRI LALIT KISHORE CHATURVEDI GYAN PRAKASH PILANIA
(a) whether the developed countries have urged for reconsideration on Kuyoto protocol in the international conference on climate change to be held in Copenhagen in December;
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(b) whether Government had strongly opposed this request alongwith other developing countries in the dialogue with UNFCC;
(c) whether his Minister had proposed through a letter, to unite with G‐20 against this protest;
(d) if so, the details thereof; and
(e) whether India’s commitment and reputation is not at stake? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) The developed countries though agreeing to the Bali Action Plan at the 13th Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in December 2007, have often urged to dump the Kyoto Protocol. India and many other developing countries have strongly opposed this move and instead have asked developed countries to take deeper emission reduction commitments as per the requirements of Article 3.9 of the Kyoto Protocol.
(c) to(e) The Minister for Environment & Forests has been interacting with his counterparts including members of G‐77 & China and G‐20 and our approach has been anchored in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Kyoto Protocol (KP) and Bali Action Plan (BAP).
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐455 ANSWERED ON‐21.12.2009 NATIONAL POLICY ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 455 . SHRI MANOHAR JOSHI
(a) whether Government has any proposal to make a national policy on climate change;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) if not, the reasons therefor? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (c) National Environment Policy, 2006 outlines essential elements of India’s response to climate change. There, inter‐alia, include adherence to principle of common but differentiated responsibility and
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3446 ANSWERED ON‐21.12.2009 COLLECTIVE POSITION ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 3446 . SHRI P. RAJEEVE
(a) whether India had delinked from G‐77 collective position regarding climate change;
(b) if so, the reasons therefor; and
(c) whether India had reached any consensus with any other countries for collective functioning in Copenhagen Summit? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) India is an active participant in the G‐77 & China and our approach has been rooted in the group position. However, depending on national circumstances, constituent blocks within the group viz. Africa, Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS), Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) have divergent opinion on few specific issues.
(c) The BASIC countries which include India, Brazil, South Africa & China often coordinate their position on various issues of Climate Change during international negotiations, including at Copenhagen.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐459 ANSWERED ON‐21.12.2009 COMMITMENT AT COPENHAGEN SUMMIT ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 459 . SHRI RAJEEV CHANDRASEKHAR
(a) whether Government has given any specific commitment at the Copenhagen Summit on climate change to reduce the quantum of greenhouse gases within a time frame;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) whether Government has taken into consideration that the commitment in this regard does not hamper the development needs? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (c) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT IN RESPONSE TO STARRED PARLIAMENT QUESTION NO. 459 RAISED BY SHRI RAJEEV CHANDRASEKHAR, MP, DUE FOR ANSWER ON 21.12.2009 IN RAJYA SABHA
The Government has conveyed to the Parliament that India can have a 20‐25 % reduction in emissions intensity between 2005 & 2020. This will be a voluntary domestic commitment and will not form part of any international agreement committing to binding emission intensity or emission reduction targets. The exercise in Planning Commission has found that the emission intensity has declined by 17.06 % between 1990 and 2005. Further the Planning Commission has concluded that we can have a 20‐25 % reduction in emissions intensity between 2005 & 2020. The government is fully committed to Sustainable Development in the Country.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3442 ANSWERED ON‐21.12.2009 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 3442 . SHRIMATI VIPLOVE THAKUR
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(a) whether a conference on “Forestry Solutions: Strategies for Mitigation and Adaptation of the Impact of Climate Change in Western Himalayan Mountain States” has recently been held in the country;
(b) if so the details thereof;
(c) whether a 16‐point agenda has been introduced by experts in the field of forestry and environment, as its solution to combat the adverse impact of climate change, which are far more severe due to power projects, cement industry and other projects, in the fragile Himalayan ecology; and
(d) if so, the details thereof alongwith Government’s views thereon? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) &(b)Yes, Sir. A National conference on “Forestry Solutions: Strategies for Mitigation and Adaptation of the Impact of Climate Change in Western Himalayan mountain states” was held at Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, from 19‐21 November 2009.
(c) &(d)The Conference recommended the following agenda to guide the states of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarakhand in the formulation and implementation of policies and strategies for the forestry sector:‐ i) There is a need to formulate a separate and distinct forest policy for western Himalayan states in view of their high vulnerability to climate change; critical role as watershed states for the northern Indian plains; and unique ecosystems and forested landscapes rich in biodiversity. ii) There is an urgent need to establish long‐term monitoring plots across representative eco‐zones, to gather scientific data on climatic and biological parameters, especially in Riverine, Alpine and Shivalik ecosystems. iii) Mapping climate change driven adaptations in natural resource use and livelihood patterns across eco‐zones. iv) Development of a database on Carbon sequestration potential of forest flora in these states. v) Periodic assessment of carbon stock including soil carbon under different ecosystems. vi) Effective deployment of new and advanced technologies, such as GIS, remote sensing, climate modeling in natural resource management. vii) Urgent need to incentivise community involvement in some mainstream forest department activities including forest protection, afforestation and fire fighting. viii) Integrating and extending the concept and practice of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) within the states to compensate for foregone land‐use and occupation options adversely impacting the environment.
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 ix) Conservation of biological diversity should guide afforestation programmes and not carbon sequestration potential alone. x) Re‐orienting afforestation programmes to focus on species that help mitigate man‐animal conflict. xi) Revisiting forestry operations to realize full water conservation potential of forests leading to development of water sanctuaries. xii) Gender specific polices are required to help cope with the loss of control over natural resources, technologies and credit to deal with seasonal and episodic weather and natural disasters. xiii) Impress upon Government of India to move beyond Green Bonus to adequately compensate these states for ecosystem services flows. xiv) Re‐orient developmental interventions adopting watershed as the unit for planning and fund flows. xv) Re‐design the existing tourism policy to produce alternative mountain‐specific tourism models focusing on environmental sustainability. xvi) Forest departments should be more proactive in influencing policies of other sectors such as Road Construction, Transportation, Power and Industries which impinge on conservation issues. Guidelines and best practices for the governance for sustaining Himalayan Eco‐system have been developed and shared with all State Governments in the Himalayan Region.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3267 ANSWERED ON‐18.12.2009 DEPLETION OF NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF WHEAT AND RICE DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE . 3267 . SHRI RAMDAS AGARWAL
(a) whether climate change is reportedly depleting nutritional value of wheat and rice, the main sources of energy for Indians, who are already having problem of 20 per cent protein deficiency;
(b) whether a study by the Indian Council for Agriculture Research has also found that protein content in wheat can fall by 10 per cent and iron content by 8 per cent due to carbon emissions; and
(c) if so, the steps Government proposes to take so that climate change may not rob food of nutritional value and save people from major health implications? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION (PROF. K.V. THOMAS)
(a) & (b): Several studies conducted globally indicate that protein content of wheat decreases as carbon dioxide increases. On the contrary, increase in temperature is known generally to increase the protein content in wheat. The net affect of climate change would therefore depend on the relative change in carbon dioxide and temperature. As such, there is no confirmed and validated result of the impact of climate change on nutritional value of wheat and rice, as a direct consequence of climate change.
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However, reduced water or varying temperature will almost certainly cause translocation related problems to the grain, during grain formation stage, thus affecting productivity.
(c) The Indian Council of Agricultural Research launched a national Network Project entitled `Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change` in Xth Plan. The network started in 2003‐04 and the total outlay of the network during the Xth Plan was close to Rs.9.5 crores. The project has been structured during XI plan also with more budgetary support (Rs.16.15 crores). The network is focusing on a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of global climate on different sectors of agricultural production such as crops, fish, livestock etc. This project also aims to determine the available management and genetic adaptation strategies to meet the impact of climatic change and climatic variability, as well as mitigation options for reducing climate changes in agro‐ecosystems. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3120 ANSWERED ON‐17.12.2009 CLIMATE CHANGE IN ANTARCTICA . 3120 . SHRI SHREEGOPAL VYAS
(a) whether fresh efforts are being made to conduct research on climate change in Antarctica;
(b) the number of stations which are operational there;
(c) whether there are scientific evidence to prove that once some parts of Antarctica were connected with India;
(d) the benefits to be accrued from the programmes being run and to be run there; and
(e) the amount that is spent on these projects and the details thereof? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES, MINISTER OF STATE IN THE PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE, MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS
(SHRI PRITHVIRAJ CHAVAN)
(a) Yes Sir.
(b) There are 64 operational stations including seasonal and year‐round stations. India has one operational station (Maitri) at present in Antarctica.
(c) Yes Sir. Studies of the rocks reveal connection between India and Antarctica in geological past.
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(d) The Antarctic research being carried out by Indian scientists would help us in understanding the icy continent in a better way. Benefits of the various programmes undertaken are as below: i) Generation and publication of geological maps of an area of about 20,000 sq km in Central Dronning Maud land of east Antarctica. ii) Monitoring of fluctuations of polar continental ice margin, ablation and accumulation pattern of the ice shelf on a long term basis would help us to understand the ice dynamics and mass balance. iii) Raising of ice cores by drilling on ice shelf and continental ice for contribution to the data on Palaeoclimatic of Holocene. The Antarctica preserves history of the earth’s climate for 3 to 4 million years in its ice cover which is crucial for understanding of climate change. iv) Utilization of the Polar Remote Sensing techniques for extraction of sea ice surface characteristics from the observed electromagnetic signatures sensed by the Space Borne Sensors and publishing an atlas on the Antarctic Sea Ice status. v) Continuous observation of meteorological, seismic, environmental and other parameters that contribute data to the international network on continuous basis for understanding and drawing meaningful inferences for various disciplines of science. vi) Sustained studies on bio‐diversity of fauna and flora, microbial studies towards discovery of new species for understanding the biological processes and phenomenon of extremely cold climate.
(e) Anticipated expenditure on Scientific Expedition and researches in Antarctica during 2009‐10 is Rs. 52 crore. Expenditure during first two years (2007‐08 and 2008‐09) of XI plan was Rs. 72.98 crore.
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2652 ANSWERED ON‐14.12.2009 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON GANGA RIVER . 2652 . DR. JANARDHAN WAGHMARE
(a) whether Government is aware of the likely disastrous consequences of the climate change like disappearance of the Himalayan Glaciers after three decades, the holy Ganga river being reduced to a monsoon drain and over half a billion people facing serious water shortage as predicted by the Scientists; and
(b) if so, what precautionary measures have been visualized to avert the disasters? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) According to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change, the Himalayan Glaciers are receding faster than in any part of the world and, if the present rate continues, the likelihood of them disappearing by the year 2035 and perhaps sooner is very high if the Earth keeps getting warmer at the current rate.
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The various scientific studies indicate that the glaciers of Himalaya including glaciers of major rivers like Ganga and Yamuna are receding at varying rates in different regions. Accordingly, due to melting of ice, consequent upon faster recession, the runoff of the Himalayan rivers may initially increase marginally. Thereafter, there may be decrease in water availability.
(b) A National Action Plan on Climate Change was launched in June 2008 which envisages the National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system amongst its 8 National Missions. This Mission would seek to understand weather and the extent to which the Himalayan glaciers are in recession and how the problem could be addressed. A new research centre on Himalayan Glaciology has been established at Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun. Guidelines and best practices for the governance for sustaining Himalayan Eco‐ system has been developed and shared with all State Governments in the Himalayan Region.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐341 ANSWERED ON‐14.12.2009 MEASURES TO FACE CLIMATE CHANGE . 341 . DR. K. MALAISAMY
(a) what is the extent of threat to prosperity and development from climate change and the concrete measures undertaken to face this challenge and the consequential effect of such initiatives;
(b) whether climate change has occurred all of a sudden or it is the off‐shoot of developments over a period of time; and
(c) if it was expected much earlier, why due precautions and preventive steps have not been taken well in advance? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (c) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT IN RESPONSE TO STARRED PARLIAMENT QUESTION NO. 341 RAISED BY DR. K.MALAISAMY, MP, DUE FOR ANSWER ON 14.12.2009 IN RAJYA SABHA
(a)to(c) India has been facing vagaries of climate since many years including extreme weather events such as floods and droughts. Accordingly, there is a thin line of distinction between climate variability and climate change. Climate Change is a long‐term phenomenon and has been duly recognized by the Inter‐governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Fourth Assessment Report released in 2007. The international community including India is actively involved to find ways and means of preventing
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Climate Change – Highlighted in Rajya Sabha from 2005 to till date (Monsoon Session, 2013 climate change which dates back to adopting the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992 and its Kyoto Protocol in 1997. The Government is aware of the adverse impacts of climate change viz. increased frequency of extreme weather events, variation in pattern of monsoons, rise in surface temperature, sea level rise and melting of glaciers. Climate Change is also likely to affect agriculture and food production as well as increase of the incidence of vector borne diseases.
Being aware of the likely implications of climate change the Government has released National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on 30th June 2008. The National Action Plan outlines eight Missions in specific areas of solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, sustainable habitat, water, sustaining Himalayan Ecosystems, Green India, sustainable agriculture and strategic knowledge for climate change. These National Missions are being institutionalized by respective Ministries for implementation.
Besides, Government has taken several steps by towards sustainable development through a range of policies and programmes to mitigate climate change aimed at energy conservation, improved energy efficiency in various sectors; promoting use of renewable energy; power sector reforms; use of cleaner and lesser carbon intensive fuel for transport; fuel switching to cleaner energy; afforestation and conservation of forests; promotion of clean coal technologies and encouraging Mass Rapid Transport systems
India has also developed programmes relating to adaptation to climate variability, in the areas of agriculture, water resources, health and sanitation, forests and coastal zone infrastructure.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2657 ANSWERED ON‐14.12.2009 CLIMATE CHANGE . 2657 . DR. K. MALAISAMY
(a) when climate change is the phenomenon occurring world over, which part of the world or countries have been the worst hit or marginally hit and where our country stand;
(b) whether climate change can be tackled fully or it is beyond the reach of human being; and
(c) what could be the causes for climate change? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) Current scientific understanding of the impacts of climate change on the various continents and regions at global scale are provided in the 4th Assessment Report of the Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change published in 2007. However, country‐wise assessments are not available.
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According to results of the various studies undertaken under the aegis of India’s Initial National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), climate change may have adverse impacts in form of extreme weather events, water stress, glacial melt, sea‐ level rise that could flood coastal settlements, occurrence of vector disease, etc.
(b) &(c) Climate change is a long term phenomenon. It has occurred due to increase in concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere emitted through various human activities. It could be controlled by stabilizing the greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere by reducing emission of greenhouse gases having origin in human activities and enhancing the sources of sinks through afforestation.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1866 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2009 AGENDA FOR U.N. CLIMATE SUMMIT . 1866 . SHRI E.M. SUDARSANA NATCHIAPPAN
(a) whether the Copenhagen Climate Council could influence nation States to reset the agenda for UN Climate Summit 2009; and
(b) if so, how it is relevant to India’s stand along with supporting countries? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a)&(b)Fifteenth Conference of Parties to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change will meet in Copenhagen in December 2009 to negotiate and reach an agreed outcome on various elements of Bali Action Plan with a view to enhance the actions of Parties in achieving objectives of the Convention. India is actively engaged in negotiations in this process and advance the global efforts. India advocates global climate protection efforts to include a growth strategy based on sustainable development. India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change outlines its strategy towards climate change. India coordinates its position with other developing countries to address climate change in accordance with the principles of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and takes mitigation and adaptation actions in the context of sustainable development.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1854 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2009
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CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTION AND PLANS . 1854 . DR. GYAN PRAKASH PILANIA LALIT KISHORE CHATURVEDI
(a) the details of the findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 4th Assessment Report published in 2007;
(b) whether climate change projections indicate increased risk of more intense, frequent and longer lasting heat waves, summer dryness and greater risk of drought, as well as floods;
(c) the salient features of the National Action Plan on Climate Change released on the 30 June 2008; and
(d) the follow‐up action taken thereon? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a)&(b) The Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published in 2007 provides assessment of the scientific literature published in the international scientific journals on various aspects of climate change inter‐alia science, impact, adaptation ,vulnerability and mitigation. The report indicates increased risk of more intense, more frequent and longer lasting heat waves, summer dryness indicates greater risk of drought and intense precipitation and flooding which are known to cause adverse impacts on human beings.
(c) & (d) The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) was released on 30th June 2008 to outline India’s strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change. The National Action Plan outlines steps that will enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of India’s development path.
The National Action plan outlines eight Missions in specific areas of Solar Energy, Enhanced Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Habitat, Water, Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system, Green India, Sustainable Agriculture and Strategic knowledge for Climate Change. Eight National Missions form the core of the National Action Plan, representing multi‐pronged, long term and integrated strategies for achieving key goals in the context of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1864 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2009 CLIMATE CHANGE FUNDING . 1864 . SHRIMATI JAYA BACHCHAN
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(a) whether it is a fact that the countries like USA and European Union are trying to scuttle the Kyoto Protocol mechanism with a World Bank type institution to manage climate change funding;
(b) if so, whether Government has voiced its concern at the international platform;
(c) if so, the details in this regard; and
(d) if not, the reasons therefor? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (d) An Adaptation Fund Board has been set up with resources generated from Clean Development Mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol to finance activities for adaptation to climate change in developing countries. Negotiations are currently underway under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to reach agreed outcome on various elements of the Bali Action Plan including mechanism for financing the mitigation and adaptation actions in the developing countries. Proposals have been made by several Annex I Countries including the US and EU which are currently under discussion. India has argued for a financial mechanism accountable to and under the governance of the Parties that should be set up with resources raised from contribution of developed country Parties and should provide resources to the developing countries to meet their needs.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1857 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2009 CLIMATE CHANGE TALKS 1857 . SHRI MANGALA KISAN RENUBALA PRADHAN
(a) whether the African nations stonewalled the ongoing climate change talks in Barcelona;
(b) if so, the reasons therefore;
(c) whether UN’s Carbon‐cutting Kyoto Protocol for a new global climate deal due at Copenhagen has been cancelled; and
(d) if so, the reasons therefore and what are the Government’s views in this regard, being a member of G‐77? ANSWER
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MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) African nations, operating as a bloc in the Adhoc Working Group on Kyoto Protocol refused to undertake any negotiations on procedural issues during the negotiations in Barcelona held in November 2009 unless the developed countries came up with specific targets for emission reduction against their commitments under the second phase of Kyoto Protocol, in post 2012 period.
(c) No Sir.
(d) Does not arise.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐247 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2009 EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE 247 . DR.(SMT.) NAJMA A. HEPTULLA N.K. SINGH N.K. SINGH
(a) whether the effects of climate change could lead to as much as a 5 percent drop in the GDP of countries in South Asia and Africa, including India;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether Government has since initiated any action to address the effects of climate change in an effective way; and
(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to (d) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
Statement referred to in reply to Part (a) (b) (c) &(d) of Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 247 by Dr. (Shrimati) Najma A. Heptulla and Shri N.K. Singh regarding Effects of Climate Change.
(a) & (b) According to World Development Report 2010 published by the World Bank recently, warming of climate by 2 degree celsius above pre‐industrial temperatures could result in a 4 to 5% reduction in
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(c) & (d) Government has outlined its strategy for addressing climate change in the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) that was released by the Prime Minister on 30th June 2008. The National Action Plan outlines steps that will enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of India’s development path.
Eight National Missions form the core of the National Action Plan, representing multi‐pronged, long term and integrated strategies for achieving key goals in the context of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1873 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2009 CLIMATE CHANGE . 1873 . PROF. P.J. KURIAN
(a) whether the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has reported that the Himalayan Glacier will disappear by 2035 due to Global Warming, if so, the details thereof and the steps Government proposes to take in order to avert this disaster;
(b) whether it is a fact that U.S. Secretary of Energy, Steven Chu, indicated that Washington may not agree to emission cuts at the UNFCCC meet in Copenhagen next month; and
(c) if so, the details thereof and Government’s reaction thereto? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) According to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change, the Himalayan Glaciers are receding faster than in any part of the world and, if the present rate continues, the likelihood of them disappearing by the year 2035 and perhaps sooner is very high if the Earth keeps getting warmer at the current rate.
The National Action Plan on Climate Change includes a national mission on Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem with a view to, inter‐alia, strengthen observation and monitoring of Himalayan glaciers. A new research centre on Himalayan Glaciology has been established at Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun. Government has also prepared guidelines and best practices for sustaining Himalayan eco‐system and has shared it with all State Governments in the Himalayan region.
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(b)&(c)The emission reduction targets of developed countries including the US are currently being discussed in the Adhoc Working Group on Long‐term Cooperative Action under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Negotiations on these issues are underway and the Parties are expected to reach an agreed outcome on the issues including such emission cuts in Copenhagen in December 2009.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐254 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2009 EMISSION CUT VIS VIS CLIMATE FRIENDLY INFRASTRUCTURE 254 . SHRIMATI SYEDA ANWARA TAIMUR VIJAY JAWAHARLAL DARDA
(a) whether it is fact that according to McKinsey & Company’s final report on “Environmental and Energy Sustainability”, presented in September, 2009, 80 per cent of the country’s infrastructure is still to be built and if built in a more climate friendly fashion, the country can achieve more emission cuts; and
(b) if so, whether Government would introduce a mandatory condition that in future raising of infrastructure will be in a climate friendly fashion and ensure compliance thereof through a monitoring mechanism? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT IN RESPONSE TO STARRED PARLIAMENT QUESTION NO.254 RAISED BY SMT.SYEDA ANWARA TAIMUR & SHRI VIJAY JAWAHARLAL DARDA DUE FOR ANSWER ON 07.12.2009 IN RAJYA SABHA.
(a)&(b) Government is aware of a report prepared by McKinsey & Company which claims that 80 percent of the buildings and appliances yet to be built or used till 2030, there is an opportunity to capture further energy‐efficiency potential in building, appliances and lighting. The Report claims that this can lead to reduction in electricity demand from this sector by more than 30 percent and reduction in emissions by about 340 million tonnes CO2 equivalent by 2030. Approximately 80 percent of this potential could be captured by ensuring efficiency building envelopes for new building, high‐efficiency appliances and electronics, and energy‐efficient lighting.
The National Action Plan on Climate Change includes National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency and National Mission on Sustainable Habitat that have the objective of enhancing energy efficiency, inter‐alia, in buildings and appliances. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has adopted
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1862 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2009 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE . 1862 . SHRI T.T.V. DHINAKARAN
(a) whether it is proposed to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture; and
(b) if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) &(b) The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has undertaken various studies on impacts, adaptation and vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change under the aegis of a National Network Project. The major findings include:
Temperature rise studies conducted so far indicate that rise in temperature will have effect crops, horticulture, water resources, livestock and fisheries sectors. Studies indicate that rise in winter temperature will have negative impacts on wheat yield. The apple cultivation may shift to higher elevation due to rise in temperature. Heat stress will have negative affect on milk yield of livestock. Increased surface sea temperature may cause migration of fish and changes in breeding habitat.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1858 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2009 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 1858 . SHRIMATI VIPLOVE THAKUR
(a) whether Government has conducted any survey on impacts of climate change and vulnerability assessment in key sectors such as agriculture, water and health in hilly States particularly in Himachal Pradesh;
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(b) if so, the results thereof;
(c) whether the challenges posed by climate change have caused serious threat to ecological sustainability; and
(d) if so, steps taken/being taken by Government to combat the impact of climate change? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a)&(b) No survey has been conducted on impact of climate change and vulnerability assessment in key sectors in hilly States including Himachal Pradesh.
(c)&(d) Government is aware of the threat of climate change to ecological sustainability. Prime Minister has released National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on 30th June 2008 to outline India’s strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change. India’s National Action Plan outlines a national strategy that aims to enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of India’s development path.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1687 ANSWERED ON‐04.12.2009 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE . 1687 . SHRI D. RAJA R.C. SINGH
(a) whether Government is aware of the global climate change and the impact of the resultant high temperature on agriculture;
(b) if so, the likely impact of higher temperature on agriculture, and to what extent the crop yield is expected to be reduced; and
(c) the measures proposed to be taken to reduce the impact of higher temperature on various aspects of agriculture? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
(PROF. K.V. THOMAS)
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(a): Yes, Sir.
(b): Temperature rise studies, conducted so far by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), indicate that rise in temperature in India will affect crops, horticulture, water resources, livestock and fisheries sectors. Studies have also indicated that rise in winter temperature will have negative impact on wheat yield. The cultivation of apples is also shifting to higher elevations in Himachal Pradesh due to rise in temperature. Heat stress will have negative impact on milk yield of livestock. Increased surface sea temperature would cause migration of fish and changes in breeding habitats.
(c): ICAR, Department of Agriculture Research & Education in the Ministry of Agriculture has taken up a National Network Project on Climate Change to conduct research in agriculture and allied sectors for enhancing scientific adaptation and mitigation measures.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1265 ANSWERED ON‐01.12.2009 CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE IN G SUMMIT . 1265 . SHRI NAND KUMAR SAI
(a) whether G‐20 Finance Ministers meet was held in the recent past;
(b) if so, whether G‐20 has included climate change issue which India and other developing countries has already opposed in United Nations (UN) in the agenda without any consultation with these countries;
(c) if so, the details thereof;
(d) whether the Government has put their stand in the said G‐20 Finance Ministers conference; and
(e) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN MINISTRY OF FINANCE
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) Yes sir. The G20 Finance Ministers met in London (4‐5 September 2009) and then in St Andrews (6th ‐ 7th November 2009).
(b) Climate Change Financing has been discussed as an agenda of G20 Finance Ministers meeting both in London (4‐5 September 2009) and then in St Andrews (6th and 7th November 2009).
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(c) The need to address climate change has been mentioned in the G 20 Leaders Statements in the Washington Summit (November 2008), London Summit (April 2009) and Pittsburgh Summit (September 2009). In the Pittsburgh Summit the Leaders asked the G 20 Finance Ministers to work on a range of possible options for climate change financing to be provided as a resource to be considered in the UNFCCC negotiations at Copenhagen. The G ` 20 Finance Ministers have been deliberating upon the financing options for climate change.
(d) Yes sir
(e) The following stand has been taken by India: 1) The primacy of UNFCCC has to be upheld. 2) Substantial funds are required for climate change. 3) Climate finance should be anchored in the well‐established principles of equity and `common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities` articulated in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the roadmap set out in the Bali Action Plan. 4) Providing finance for addressing the needs of developing countries to address climate change is a commitment of the Annex I Parties under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. 5) Any discussion on climate finance has to recognise the distinction between Annex I and non‐Annex I countries and the principles, objectives and provisions of the Convention. 6) Private finance would need to be leveraged to augment public resources. However, we must remain cautious about placing our trust fully on the market mechanism. One of India`s primary concerns is that the funds available for mitigation and adaptation should be reliable, predictable and sustainable and that carbon trading may therefore not be the `silver bullet` for addressing climate change. 7) Public funds from developed countries have to be the main source of Climate Change Finance and resources have to be essentially grant based. 8) Right institutions within the UNFCCC to help deliver on the promise of funding the mitigation and adaptation should be created.
Finally, the G‐20 FMs agreed to commit to work towards an ambitious outcome in Copenhagen within the objective, provisions and principles of the UNFCCC. The G20 Finance Ministers also agreed to take forward further work on Climate Change Finance, to define financing options and institutional arrangements.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1071 ANSWERED ON‐30.11.2009 FURTHERANCE OF CLIMATE RESILIENCE . 1071 . SHRI MOHD. ALI KHAN
(a) whether the country can further its climate resilience through a combination of measures and right incentives aimed at multiple levels of Government‐local, State and national;
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(b) if so, the details worked out, so far, in this direction; and
(c) the present status of Andhra Pradesh in this regard? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) to(c) National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) released on 30th June 2008 outlines a strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change through a combination of sectoral measures taken by government in consultation with various stakeholders including state governments. Each of the eight national missions envisaged in the NAPCC is formulated by the nodal ministry in the Government of India and organized through inter‐sectoral groups which include in addition to related Ministries, experts from industry, academia and civil society.
The Government has requested the State Governments including the Government of Andhra Pradesh to prepare State level Action Plan on Climate Change consistent with the strategy in the National Action Plan on Climate Change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1107 ANSWERED ON‐30.11.2009 CLIMATE FORECASTING SYSTEM . 1107 . SHRI NAND KUMAR SAI
(a) whether the World Climate Conference has recently approved creation of a new climate forecasting system;
(b) if so, whether India has participated in the said conference;
(c) if so, the details thereof;
(d) the salient features of the said system;
(e) whether Government proposes to set up the new Global Framework for Climate Services to improve climate forecasts and share that information around the world also; and
(f) if so, the countries which have so far set up such new system and the extent to which the same is authentic as compered to the existing system? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
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(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) The Third World Climate Conference (WCC‐3) held at Geneva, Switzerland during 31 August – 4 September 2009 organized by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has only decided to establish a Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) to strengthen production, availability, delivery and application of science‐based climate prediction and services.
(b) & (c)India participated in the said Conference. Several Heads of State and Government, Ministers and Heads of Delegation were present at the High‐level segment of the WCC‐3. The Conference requested the Secretary General of the WMO to convene an intergovernmental meeting (IGM) of member states to set up a task force of high‐level, independent advisors to prepare a report, and recommend on proposed elements of the GFCS.
(d)to(f)The Task Force of WMO on Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) will finalize the framework of GFCS for its consideration and adoption by the next WMO Congress in 2011. The Government has no proposal to set its own Global Framework for Climate Services.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐122 ANSWERED ON‐27.11.2009 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 122 . DR. RAM PRAKASH
(a) the priorities of the State Farms Corporation of India (SFCI), an autonomous body under his Ministry;
(b) whether SFCI has examined various reports of International/National agencies in regard to the impact of climate change on farm sector;
(c) if so, the details thereof; and
(d) the strategy chalked out by SFCI to save the farm sector from the impact of climate change? ANSWER
MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI SHARAD PAWAR)
(a): The main function of the State Farms Corporation of India (SFCI) Limited is to produce quality seeds of various crops at its farms for supply to the farmers.
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(b): No, Sir. The mandate of the SFCI does not include examination of the impact of climate change on the farm sector.
(c) & (d): Does not arise.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐308 ANSWERED ON‐23.11.2009 DISCUSSION ON CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY 308 . SHRI D. RAJA M.P. ACHUTHAN
(a) whether there has been any discussion at any level so as to have a national consensus on climate change policy and India’s stand at the forthcoming meeting at Copenhagen; and
(b) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change meets from time to time to oversee and guide the approach to climate change policy including formulation and approval of specific initiatives relating to implementation of ‘India’s National Action plan on Climate Change’. An institutional mechanism consisting of Policy Planning Group and Core Negotiating Group also functions with a view to help formulate the negotiating strategy on climate change with the necessary approvals from appropriate levels.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐47 ANSWERED ON‐23.11.2009 NEGOTIATIONS ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 47 . SHRI E.M. SUDARSANA NATCHIAPPAN SANTOSH BAGRODIA
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(a) whether it is a fact that the country has changed its stand in the ongoing climate change negotiations on crucial points of international scrutiny, emission reduction and financial obligations; and
(b) if so, the details thereof and the reasons therefor? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) : A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT IN RESPONSE TO STARRED PARLIAMENT QUESTION NO.47 RAISED BY DR. E.M. SUDARSANA NATCHIAPPAN & SHRI SANTOSH BAGRODIA DUE FOR ANSWER ON 23.11.2009 IN RAJYA SABHA.
(a) & (b) India has taken a credible and consistent position in international negotiations on climate change. India’s position is anchored in the principle of equity and the “common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities” of Parties as enshrined in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol. India has consistently argued that developed countries must take deep and ambitious emission reduction commitments in the 2nd commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol while the developing countries will take nationally appropriate mitigation actions on voluntary basis as supported and enabled by finance and technology provided by developed countries. Voluntary actions of developing countries will be subject to international monitoring, report and verification (MRV) as per agreed procedures to the extent that these actions receive international support.
India has also consistently stated that the developed countries must fulfill their commitments under the Convention to provide resources to developing countries to enable them to undertake actions for adaptation to and mitigation of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐322 ANSWERED ON‐23.11.2009 NATIONAL NETWORK FOR RESEARCH ON CLIMATE CHANGES . 322 . SHRI K.E. ISMAIL
(a) whether it is a fact that Government had formed a national network of 127 educational institutions to conduct research on climate changes and to provide solutions to farmers;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether this national network has submitted any report; and
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(d) if so, the details thereof and the action being taken thereon? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) The Ministry of Environment is currently engaged in the preparation of India’s Second National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. A network of 127 institutions has been engaged countrywide belonging to Universities, Research and Development Institutions, autonomous institutions of the government, Non governmental organization and private institutions for studies on various aspects of climate change. These include greenhouse gas emissions of anthropogenic origin from sectors such as Energy, Industry, Agriculture, Forestry and Waste, Assessment and impact of projected climate change on key sectors such as Agriculture, Water, Natural ecosystems, Health, Extreme climate events, etc. The findings of the study on climate change scenarios would be relevant for agriculture sector and farmers.
(c) & (d) The network has not submitted any report.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐332 ANSWERED ON‐23.11.2009 NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 332 . SHRI N.K. SINGH SHOBHANA BHARTIA
(a) whether Government has recently asked the State Governments and UTs to prepare climate change action plans consistent with the National Action Plan;
(b) if so, whether the multiple environmental crises, that confront the country, have created an alarming situation in many ways; and
(c) if so, the steps taken by Government to provide special assistance to the State Governments/UTs for the purpose? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) Yes Sir, Government has requested the State Governments to prepare State level Adaptation Action Plans on Climate Change consistent with the objectives of National Action Plan on Climate Change.
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(b) Climate Change is a global environment problem that may have adverse impacts in form of extreme weather events, water stress, glacial melt, sea‐level rise that could flood coastal settlements, occurrence of vector disease, etc. These impacts of climate change may take place at regional and State level.
(c) Necessary assistance is provided to State Governments subject to availability of funds.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐331 ANSWERED ON‐23.11.2009 NDC MEETING ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 331 . SHRI NARESH GUJRAL N.K. SINGH
(a) whether the Prime Minister has recently called a meeting of the National Development Council (NDC) to seek a consensus on India’s position at the Copenhagen meet on climate change;
(b) if so, the details of discussions held in the meeting and outcome thereof;
(c) whether the developed countries are pressurising India to be flexible on its stand; and
(d) if so, the latest stand of Government in this regard? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) The National Development Council (NDC) Meeting has not been convened so far.
(c) In the international negotiations on climate change, developed countries have called upon the major developing countries like India to contribute to global efforts for mitigation in form of mitigation actions that will result in deviation from Business As Usual.
(d) Government’s approach to Climate Change is fully anchored in the United Nations Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Kyoto Protocol and the Bali Action Plan. The actions of the Government of India will be guided by the principles of equity and ‘common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities’ as enshrined in the Convention and the policy laid down in the National Action Plan on Climate Change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
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RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐329 ANSWERED ON‐23.11.2009 INDIA S COMMITMENT TOWARDS GLOBAL CLIMATE PROTECTION 329 . SHRI S.S. AHLUWALIA
(a) The details of the steps taken by the government during the last six years for environment protection in pursuant to its own policy initiative indicating those taken in adherence of the Supreme Court directions and those in pursuance of the resolutions adopted by multi‐national forum;
(b) The salient features of India’s commitments to the international forum towards global climate protection efforts;
(c) Whether Government is contemplating formulation of a comprehensive environment protection policy outlining both short term and long term measures duly stipulating road‐maps for their implementations; and
(d) If so, the salient features thereof and if not, the rationale therefore? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) The Ministry of Environment & Forests has taken several policy and legislative actions aimed at environment protection in accordance with national priority and the directions of the Supreme Court and the international agreements. These include, inter alia, :
(i) Formulation of comprehensive Bill on the National Environment Policy 2006 with the objective of mainstreaming environmental concerns in all development activities,
(ii) Notification of Environment (Protection) Seventh Amendment Rules, 2009 prescribing the standards for national ambient air quality for twelve pollutants,
(iii) Introduction of the National Green Tribunal Bill, 2009 in the Lok Sabha for the establishment of a National Green Tribunal for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection, conservation of forests and other natural resources,
(iv) Setting up of Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change to coordinate the national action for assessment, adaptation and mitigation of climate change.,
(v) Setting up of an Expert Committee on Impact of Climate Change to make assessments of impacts and advice on the research activities needed to strengthen efforts to address climate change,
(vi) Release of National Action Plan on Climate Change in June 2008 with the objective of enhancing the process of sustainable development and contributing to India’s voluntary efforts for adaptation to and mitigation of climate change,
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(vii) Following a path of sustainable development through a range of policies and programmes to mitigate climate change aimed at energy conservation, improved energy efficiency in various sectors; promoting use of renewable energy; power sector reforms; use of cleaner and lesser carbon intensive fuel for transport; fuel switching to cleaner energy; afforestation and conservation of forests; promotion of clean coal technologies and encouraging Mass Rapid Transport systems.
(c) & (d) National Environment Policy 2006 of Government of India provides an outline of short term and long term measures necessary for environmental protection.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐314 ANSWERED ON‐23.11.2009 FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 314 . PROF. SAIF‐UD‐DIN SOZ
(a) whether it is a fact that the industrialized world does not fell the efficacy of the provision in the framework convention on climate change, that reduction of emissions is common but differentiated responsibility in full measures; and
(b) if so, what steps Government propose to take in this regard? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) In the International negotiations on climate change, Developed Country Parties have argued that the major developing economies should also take on binding commitments to undertake mitigation actions alongwith the developed countries who have an obligation to reduce emissions in quantified terms. However, India and other developing countries have consistently taken a position that the Parties must take their actions in accordance with the principle of ‘common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities’ of the Convention. Annex I Parties who bear the historic responsibility for climate change must commit themselves to deeper emission reduction commitments, while developing countries will take voluntary mitigation actions to the extent that the developed countries provide support in terms of finance and technology.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2445
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ANSWERED ON‐27.07.2009 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WOMEN . 2445 . PROF. M.S. SWAMINTHAN
(a) whether studies are in progress to measure the impact of climate change on women living in poverty; and
(b) whether, under the proposed National Mission on Empowerment of Women, Government is planning to include strategies to enhance the coping capacity of women to withstand the adverse impact of climate change and global warming with particular reference to water, fodder, fuel, wood and livelihood? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) No specific study has been commissioned to measure the impact of climate change on women living in poverty. However, the proposed National Mission for Socio‐Economic Empowerment of Women envisages setting targets and monitoring the progress in respect of women centric and women related programmes, implemented by various ministries. Under the National mission, all schemes that provide safe drinking water to habitations, opportunities to provide equal access to community resources, etc., will be monitored with a view to enhance the coping capacity of women to withstand the adverse impact of climate change with particular reference to water, fodder, fuel, wood and livelihood.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1678 ANSWERED ON‐20.07.2009 ISSUES AT GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE TALKS . 1678 . SHRI RAHUL BAJAJ RAJKUMAR DHOOT he major issues on which there is a lack of consensus at the global climate change talks and what is our position on those issues? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the major issues that are currently being discussed in pursuance of the Bali Action Plan relate to shared vision for long‐term cooperative action including a global goal for emission reduction, mitigation, adaptation, technology and finance. Under the Kyoto Protocol, the negotiations are taking place with a view to determine the
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India has argued at these negotiations that the developed country Parties must take actions in accordance with the principle of equity and “common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities” in order to achieve the objectives of the Convention. Such actions of the developed (Annex I Parties to the Convention) countries should include deep and ambitions targets for emission reduction in the second commitment period (Post‐2012) of the Kyoto Protocol.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1369 ANSWERED ON‐16.07.2009 CLIMATE CHANGE . 1369 . DR. K. MALAISAMY
(a) while global warming and corresponding climate changes will have complex problems and distinctive dimensions, what are the essential measures and means for mitigation of this major problem;
(b) what can be its impact on agriculture, water resources, sea levels, coastal safety, Bio‐diversity, climate and health; and
(c) India’s response to climate changes challenges? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES, MINISTER OF STATE IN THE PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE, MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIMENTARY AFFAIRS
(SHRI PRITHVIRAJ CHAVAN) a) The global community, world over, has agreed for evolving the essential measures for mitigation of global warming impacts, which include reduction of carbon emissions, greater use of renewable/nuclear energy, preservation of Ozone Layer, preservation of ecological systems, deployment of eco‐friendly technologies etc. b) Possible impacts on Agriculture: Variable impacts of climate change on agriculture have been projected. For instance, increase in CO2 concentration; increase in temperature and variable distribution of rainfall show a mixed projection of yields of various crops across regions. No definite trends have yet been established.
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Possible impact on Water Resources: It is projected that quantity of surface run off due to climate change would vary across the river basins as well as sub basins of major rivers. However, there is a general reduction in the quantity of the available run off.
Possible impact on sea levels and coastal safety: Analysis of past tide gauge records for the Indian coastline regions gives an estimate of sea level rise of 1.30 mm/year. It is projected that Indian coastline may experience higher sea level rise in the later part of 21st century. Such a scenario can possibly increase the vulnerability of the coastal zones.
Possible impact on Bio‐diversity: The emerging results of analysis of impacts of climate change on forest biomes in India seem to be highly vulnerable to the projected change in climate. Majority of the vegetation in India is likely to be less optimally adapted to its existing location and consequently vulnerable to the adverse climatic changes. Biodiversity is also likely to be adversely impacted due to this.
Possible impact on Health: Increase in temperature is projected to enhance the occurrence and spread of vector borne diseases such as Malaria. Malaria incidences are directly linked to the generation of vectors which are sensitive to temperature, precipitation and humidity conditions. In the climate change context, more states may offer climate opportunities for malaria vector breeding throughout the year. These opportunities are projected to increase by 3‐5 months in northern states and may reduce by 2‐3 months in the southern states. c) The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) was released by the Prime Minister on 30th June 2008.Under the NAPCC, it is proposed to establish a permanent institutional mechanism that will play a development and coordination role. The NAPCC outlines eight missions in specific areas of Solar Energy, Enhanced Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Habitat, Water, Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system, Green India, Sustainable Agriculture and Strategic knowledge for Climate Change. Eight National Missions form the core of the National Action Plan, representing multi‐pronged, long term and integrated strategies for achieving key goals in the context of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1368 ANSWERED ON‐16.07.2009 PROBLEM OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 1368 . DR. K. MALAISAMY
(a) to what extent India has succeeded or is hopeful of succeeding over the problem of climate changes;
(b) in case, of inaction, or non‐action or less action in dealing with this major threat, what would be its repercussions; and
(c) whether India has resorted to the assistance of expert study either from within or abroad?
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ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES, MINISTER OF STATE IN THE PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE, MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIMENTARY AFFAIRS
(SHRI PRITHVIRAJ CHAVAN)
(a) to (b) The causal factors and consequently action for mitigating possible climate change and global warming, are mainly focused on reduction of carbon emissions. Norms for carbon emission limits are in place for industry, power sector, automobiles etc. India and the world are committed to addressing the critical problem of stabilizing carbon emissions.
(c) The impacts of climate change on various sectors like agriculture water resources, biodiversity, human health, coastal ecosystems and forestry are well documented under the India`s first National Communication (NATCOM) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The second NATCOM report is under preparation. These efforts are coordinated by Ministry of Environment and Forests. More than 2 dozen leading research teams are involved with this endeavour.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐900 ANSWERED ON‐13.07.2009 CLIMATE CHANGE . 900 . SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY
(a) whether the climate change has affected the onset of monsoon in India;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether Government is taking steps to address the challenges of climate change; and
(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) FOR ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH)
(a) & (b) The long‐term mean onset date of monsoon in India is 1st June with a standard deviation of about 8 days. During last century, multi‐decadal fluctuations with early/late onset by a few days over and above the long‐term mean are not uncommon. However, such year to year variations in the onset or the propagation are part of the natural variability and cannot be attributed to climate change.
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Climate Model studies carried out by Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) show no significant impact on change in the mean onset of monsoon in India.
(c) & (d). Government is aware of the challenges posed by climate change and has taken steps in this regard. The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) was released on 30th June 2008 to outline India’s strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change. The National Action Plan outlines steps that will enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of India’s development path. A dedicated Centre for climate change research at IITM, Pune has been set‐up to undertake focussed research on the science aspects of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐955 ANSWERED ON‐25.02.2009 STUDY ON IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING . 955 . SHRI N.R. GOVINDARAJAR
(a) whether unprecedented rains and floods in various parts of the country are due to climate change/global warming;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether Government has instituted any study on climate change/global warming and the damage caused on the country; and
(d) if so, the details thereof and the details of action plan formulated by Government to deal with the said problem? ANSWER MINISTER OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTER OF EARTH SCIENCES
(SHRI KAPIL SIBAL)
(a)‐(b) Although, a recent study, carried out by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) Pune, indicates that the intensity and frequency of heavy to very heavy rainfall events is showing an increasing trend during the past 50 years over the region covering parts of Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and Chattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh, it is not clear if this increasing trend in the heavy rainfall events is attributable to global warming or not.
(c) Details of the observed and projected changes in the climate were first reported in India’s initial National Communication (NATCOM) on Climate Change to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in June, 2004. This effort has been coordinated by the Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), who are now working on the second NATCOM report. Further, climate change related studies have been carried out by several research institutions like Indian Institute of
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Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, India Meteorological Department (IMD), National Physical Laboratory (NPL), National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), C‐MMACS (CSIR org.), Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Central Research Institute for Dry‐land Agriculture (CRIDA), (ICAR org.), Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) (ISRO org.), Indian Institute of Sciences (IISc), Bangalore, IIT, Bombay, IIT Delhi, IIT, Kanpur, IIT, Kharagpur, University departments, research institutions and some non‐ governmental agencies.
The IMD has a long series of climate data of more than 100 years over the Indian region, which has been the basis of all past analyses of climate change and variability. The IITM, Pune is the only institution that has carried out long‐term simulations of climate change over the Indian region using a regional model developed by the Hadley Centre of the UK Met. Office.
(d) The recently launched National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) of the Government of India outlines number of steps to simultaneously advance India’s development and climate change related objectives of adaptation and mitigation, energy efficiency and natural resource conservation. The NAPCC hinges on the development and use of new technologies through the implementation of 8‐ National Missions i) National Solar Mission ii) National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency iii) National Mission on Sustainable Habitat iv) National Water Mission v) National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem vi) National Mission for a Green India vii) National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture viii) National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change.
The implementation of NAPCC would be through appropriate institutional mechanisms suited for effective delivery of each of 8 individual Mission’s objectives and include public‐private partnerships and civil society action.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐111 ANSWERED ON‐24.02.2009 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER RESOURCES . 111 . SHRIMATI MOHSINA KIDWAI
(a) whether Government has established cells and resource centres to study the impact of climate change on water resources;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
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(c) whether Government has conducted any study on impact of climate change on water management in the country; and
(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES
(SHRI JAI PRAKASH NARAYAN YADAV)
(a) to (d) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) TO (d) OF STARRED QUESTION NO.111 TO BE ANSWARED IN RAJYA SABHA ON 24.02.2009 REGARDING IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER RESOURCES.
(a) to (d) Cells have been created in Central Water Commission (CWC), Brahmaputra Board (BB) and National Institute of Hydrology (NIH) to study and examine the impact of climate change on water resources. Reputed academic institutions have also been actively associated with the studies. Ministry of Water Resources has established professorial chairs at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, IIT Kanpur, IIT Kharagpur, IIT Roorkee, National Institute of Technology (NIT) Patna and NIT Srinagar. Preliminary studies related to impact of climate change on water resources have been conducted by NIH in respect of specific areas, which includes (a) Impact Assessment of Climate Change on the Hydrological Response of a Snow and Glacier Melt Runoff dominated Himalayan River (Spiti River) (b) Hydrological Sensitivity of a Large Himalayan Basin to Climate Change (Sutlej Basin) (c) Effect of Climate Change on Runoff of a Glacierized Himalayan Basin (Dokriani Glacier Basin) (d) Effect of Climatic Variation on Runoff Regime of River Chenab (e) Changes in Rainfall and relative humidity in different river basins in the Northwest and Central India.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐571 ANSWERED ON‐20.02.2009 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE . 571 . SHRIMATI SHOBHANA BHARTIA MAHENDRA MOHAN
(a) whether Government has prepared action plans for management of the likely effects of climate change on agriculture;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether the effect of climate change could cause scarcity of agricultural products; and
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(d) if so, the plans formulated by Government to face the situation? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI KANTI LAL BHURIA)
(a) to (d): The Government has prepared the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) to meet the challenge of climate change. The NAPCC identifies measures that promote our developmental objectives while also yielding co‐benefits for addressing climate change effectively. There are eight National Missions under the NAPCC including the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture for making Indian agriculture more resilient to climate change. Though no confirmed findings are available, studies made so far indicate likelihood of increased production variably due to climate change. The Department of Agriculture & Cooperation and the Department of Agricultural Research and Education have jointly prepared the Mission Document under the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) which contains the adaptation and mitigation measures required to combat the likely adverse impacts of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1917 ANSWERED ON‐18.12.2008 NATIONAL ACTION PLAN REGARDING CLIMATE CHANGE . 1917 . SHRI B.J. PANDA
(a) whether it is proposed to prepare a National Action Plan to deal with the issues of climate, including the remedial measures for mitigating the impact on foodgrains production; and
(b) if so, the details thereof, inter‐alia indicating the time‐frame within which it would be finalized? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) & (b) The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) was released on 30th June 2008 to outline India’s strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change. The National Action Plan outlines steps that will enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhance the ecological sustainability of India’s development path. One of the eight National Missions outlined in the National Action Plan is the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture. The National Mission for Sustainable agriculture will focus on four areas crucial to agriculture in adapting to climate change, namely dry land agriculture, risk management, access to
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1124 ANSWERED ON‐11.12.2008 INTER GOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 1124 . SHRI BALAVANT ALIAS BAL APTE
(a) whether Government is aware that U.N. findings by Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have been challenged by new report; and
(b) in what manner this influence the economic development in India as compared to earlier one? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) & (b) The Government is aware of the findings contained both in the Fourth Assessment Report of the Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change published in the year 2007 and the Civil Society Report on Climate Change published in 2008. The Government is also seized of the concerns and challenges of projected climate change relating to impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in key sectors of economic development such as agriculture, water, health, energy and infrastructure. The Eleventh Five Year Plan addresses the concerns of climate change. The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) was released by the Prime Minister on 30th June 2008. The National Action plan outlines eight missions in specific areas of Solar, Enhanced Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Habitat, Water, Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system, Green India, Sustainable Agriculture and Strategic knowledge for Climate Change. The National Mission for sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem is aimed at evolving management measures for sustaining and safeguarding the Himalayan glacier and mountain eco‐system.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1134 ANSWERED ON‐11.12.2008 REPORT OF INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 1134 . SHRI DHARAM PAL SABHARWAL
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(a) whether Government his received a report from International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
(b) if so, the complete details thereof and action taken by Government on the report;
(c) whether according to the report there is some evidence to show loss of human life due to climate changes; and
(d) if so, the action taken by Government on this recommendation of IPCC report? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) & (b) InterGovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has published Fourth Assessment Report ‐ “Climate Change‐2007”. The Report includes assessment of information on physical science; impact, adaptation and vulnerability; and mitigation of climate change. The assessment report was prepared based on assessment of peer reviewed published current literature worldwide. This report provides latest understanding on the above mentioned aspects on climate change.
(c ) & (d) The assessment pertaining to vulnerability to projected climate change and record of observed changes in the climate parameters at the continental/sub‐continental level. However, there is no substantial evidence to show the loss of human life due to human induced climate change. The information in the IPCC report are not prescriptive and are only policy relevant. The reports are utilized by the Member countries in the context of their national circumstances.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐670 ANSWERED ON‐23.10.2008 NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 670 . SHRI D. RAJA
(a) whether India has launched a National Action Plan on Climate Change; and
(b) if so, the salient features thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) Yes Sir, India released the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on 30th June 2008 to outline its strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change.
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(b) India’s National Action Plan outlines a national strategy that aims to enable the country to adapt to climate change and enhances the ecological sustainability of India’s development path. It stresses that maintaining a high growth rate is essential for increasing living standards of the vast majority of people of India and reducing their vulnerability of the impacts of climate change. Eight National Mission, form the core of the National Action Plan, representing multi‐pronged, long term and integrated strategies for achieving key goals in the context of climate change. These Missions are National Solar Mission, National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency, National Mission on Sustainable Habitat, National Water Mission, National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Eco‐system, National Mission for a Green India, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture and National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change. The National Missions are to be institutionalized by the respective Ministries and will be organized through inter‐sectoral groups.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐87 ANSWERED ON‐23.10.2008 CHALLENGES OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 87 . SHRI JESUDASU SEELAM T. SUBBARAMI REDDY
(a) whether India, with a coastline of about 7,500 kms. risks losing a significant number of lives and assets worth $3.85 trillion due to coastal flooding that may occur as a result of climate change in 2070, as per global study conducted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation;
(b) whether the report notes that those cities with greatest population exposure to extreme sea levels also tend to be those with greatest exposure to wind damage from tropical and extra tropical cyclones; and
(c) if so, the concrete steps and measures Government proposes to take to meet the challenge of climatic change? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) to (c): A Statement is laid on the Table of the House ….. STATEMENT REFERED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) to (c) OF THE RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO: 87 BY SHRI SHRI JESUDASU SEELAM AND DR. T. SUBBARAMI REDDY MPs, DUE FOR ANSWER ON 23.10.2008
(a) & (b) A Report produced by the Organization for Economic Cooperation (OECD) in 2007 on ‘Ranking Port Cities with High Exposure and Vulnerability to Climate Extremes’, with co‐authors drawn from the academia and the private sector, has attempted to estimate the exposure of the world’s large port cities to coastal flooding due to sea level rise and storm surge. According to the projections made in the
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Report, Climate change could result in Kolkata and Mumbai being amongst the top ten port cities of the world exposed to coastal flooding in 2070, with an exposure of estimated 2.54 crores of people and assets worth US$3.55 trillion. The study also claims that the top ten port cities with highest exposure to wind damage are also among the top twenty port cities exposed to present‐day extreme sea levels. As per the Report, the risk of impact from the exposure to coastal flooding can be reduced through a range of adaptation strategies including flood and wind protection measures, effective disaster management strategies, and land use practices.
(c ) The Government of India has been implementing various adaptation related programmes in the process of planned economic development. Specific measures taken include coastal protection infrastructure and cyclone shelters, plantation of coastal forests and mangroves. Further, in coastal regions, restrictions have been imposed in the area between 200m and 500m of the high tide line while special restrictions have been imposed in the area up to 200 m to protect the sensitive coastal ecosystems and prevent their exploitation. Prime Minister released India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on 30th June 2008 outlining the strategy to meet the challenge of Climate Change. The National Action Plan advocates a strategy that promotes, firstly, adaptation to Climate Change and secondly, further enhancement of the ecological sustainability of India’s development path. The Action Plan envisages, among many other actions, effective disaster management strategies, strengthening communication networks and disaster management facilities at all levels and protection of coastal areas through focusing on coastal protection and early warning systems.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐665 ANSWERED ON‐23.10.2008 CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE COUNTRY . 665 . SHRI N.R. GOVINDARAJAR
(a) whether Government proposes to set up Centres to monitor climate change in the country;
(b) if so, the details thereof along with the locations, State‐wise;
(c) whether financial assistance has been provided to various State Governments for development and promotion of Environmental projects; and
(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
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(a) & (b): Government of India, under the aegis of National Action Plan on Climate Change launched in June 2008, envisages implementation of eight National Missions in several thematic areas to address the concerns of climate change. Indian Meteorological Department collects data on meteorological information through a countrywide network of observatories.
(c) & (d) Funds are provided under the central and centrally sponsored schemes to the State Government interalia for implementing the schemes such as National River/Lake Conservation Plan and Pollution abatement measures for conservation of identified rivers and lakes. During the 2007 – 2008, a total of Rs.24193.47 Lakhs and Rs.6271.04 Lakhs have been released under the National River Conservation Plan and National Lake Conservation Plan respectively.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐677 ANSWERED ON‐23.10.2008 CLIMATE CONTROL POLICY . 677 . SHRI SHREEGOPAL VYAS BALAVANT ALIAS BAL APTE
(a) to what extent the private participation existed in implementation of the policy announced on climate control;
(b) whether any unanimous scheme has been formulated to regulate the harmful excretions while establishing large industries in future; and
(c) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) National Action Plan on Climate Change envisages participation of key stake holders, including participation from the private sector in the implementation of various Missions and other Initiatives. Further, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) set up under the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) facilitates the involvement of private sector in the developing countries to meet the emission reduction obligations of the industrialized countries in a cost‐ effective manner.
(b) &(c) The Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification of September 2006 mandates the projects and activities listed in Schedule including large industries to seek prior environmental clearance to control pollution due to air, water, noise, etc. from the project. The Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Report together with the Environment Management Plan for a project is formulated in order to mitigate the pollution.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐102 ANSWERED ON‐17.10.2008 WHO REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 102 . SHRIMATI SUPRIYA SULE T. SUBBARAMI REDDY
(a) whether according to the World Health Organization (WHO) the climate change will have a serious and damaging impact on human health in South East Asia, including India, as air quality will suffer and respiratory disease will be exacerbated;
(b) if so, what are the other main features of the WHO report;
(c) whether Government has considered the report; and
(d) if so, what are the steps being taken in this regard? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE
(SMT. PANABAKA LAKSHMI)
(a) & (b) : Yes Sir. Some of the main features of the report issued by the Secretariat of WHO (122nd Session) dated 16/1/08 are that Climate change will have profoundly adverse effects on health through food, air and water. The warming of the planet will be gradual, but the increasing frequency and severity of extreme weather events, such as intense storms, heat waves, droughts and floods, will be abrupt and the consequences will be acutely felt. The earliest and most severe threats are to the developing countries. The worsening of air quality increases the prevalence of asthma and respiratory infections. The populations considered to be at greatest risk, among other people, are large urban agglomerations in delta regions in Asia.
(c) & (d) : Hon’ble Prime Minister has released India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) on 30/6/08 and, as a part of the National Action Plan, eight National Missions have been launched. The Mission document will be comprehensive as the range of the study preceding it will cover a wide variety of subjects affecting human health and environment on account of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF POWER RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐4094
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ANSWERED ON‐05.05.2008 EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON POWER SUPPLY . 4094 . MS. SUSHILA TIRIYA
(a) whether it is a fact that climate change has now affected the power supply in the country;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) the steps taken by Government to overcome this problem of power failure during the ensuing summer? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, MINISTRY OF COMMERCE & INDUSTRY AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF POWER
( SHRI JAIRAM RAMESH )
(a) to (c) : Any noticeable effect on power generation or supply attributable to climatic change has not been observed so far. It is, however, mentioned that a large number of transmission lines tripped in the Northern Region on 7th and 9th March, 2008, prima facie on account of flashover of insulators due to unprecedented fog, high humidity, coupled with high levels of pollution, further aggravated by the absence of winter rains. In order to maintain the smooth power flow from power surplus states to power deficient states, the Northern, Western, Eastern and North Eastern Grid have been synchronized.
The rise in temperature, attributed to climate change can, however, increase demand for power.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2679 ANSWERED ON‐17.04.2008 CONFERENCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE AT BALI . 2679 . SHRI ABU ASIM AZMI
(a) whether the conference of participants of ‘United Nations Framework Convention on climate change’ was held at Bali recently;
(b) if so, the details of discussions held in that conference and the outcome thereof; and
(c) the possible impact on India due to the decisions taken in that conference? ANSWER
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MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) to (c). Yes, Sir. The thirteenth Conference of Parties (COP‐13) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the third Meeting of Parties (MOP‐3) to Kyoto Protocol was held in Bali in December 2007. The principal outcome of the Bali conference was to launch a comprehensive process called Bali Action Plan (BAP) that would enable the full, effective and sustained implementation of the UNFCCC through long‐term cooperative action, now, up to and beyond 2012. It is expected that an agreed outcome would be reached and a decision adopted regarding BAP, at the fifteenth Conference of Parties (COP‐15) to be held in Copenhagen, Denmark in December 2009.
The Conference of Parties serving as Meeting of Parties at Bali also took crucial decisions in respect of the Kyoto Protocol. The Adhoc Working Group on further commitments of developed countries (beyond 2012) finally established a deadline of 2009 for the completion of its work and forwarding to COP‐15 for a decision, its recommendations on quantified emissions limitation and reduction commitments of Annex I Parties (developed countries).
The decisions cover enhanced action on national/international action on mitigation of climate change; adaptation, which is a critical imperative for developing countries; technology development and transfer and provision of financial resources, including “new and additional” resources. A major breakthrough of the Conference was on “transfer of technologies”. A positive outcome of the Conference was the Adaptation Fund finally made operational after years of stalemate on governance issues. It was decided that developing country Parties to the Kyoto Protocol that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change are eligible for funding from the Adaptation Fund. The Fund would assist developing countries in meeting the costs of adaptation. The Adaptation Fund shall finance concrete adaptation projects and programmes that are country driven and are based on the needs, views and priorities of eligible Parties.
The Bali Action Plan acknowledged enhanced national/ international action on mitigation of climate change including policy approaches and positive incentives on issues relating to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. It also noted the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries as pressed by India. It is expected that the decisions taken at Bali would enhance the implementation of the UNFCCC and as a responsible country, India will engage constructively in these negotiations.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2695 ANSWERED ON‐17.04.2008 . NATIONAL POLICY ON CLIMATE . 2695 . SHRI KAMAL AKHTAR
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(a) whether Government proposes to formulate a “National Policy on Climate”;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether Government has estimated the fund required for taking up various measures under this Policy; and
(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) & (b) A high level coordination committee chaired by Hon’ble Prime Minister called “Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change to coordinate National action for assessment, adaptation and mitigation of climate change” was constituted on 6th June 2007. In the meeting held on 13th July 2007, it has been decided to prepare and finalise ‘India’s Climate Change Action Programme’.
(c) & (d) Funds required for implementing various measures outlined in the Action Programme are to be assessed by the concerned Ministries and Agencies at the time of actual implementation.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2691 ANSWERED ON‐17.04.2008 NATIONAL PLAN OF ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 2691 . SHRI M.V. MYSURA REDDEY a) by when the National Plan of Action on Climate change is going to be released and the emphasis his Ministry is giving in that; b) whether there are any plans before his Ministry for linking all academic institutions that work on climate change;
(c) if yes, the details of
(a) and
(b) above;
(d) whether any key knowledge institution have been identified apart from
(b) above to make them the centres of excellence in climate change related research; and
(e) if so, the details thereon? ANSWER
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MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) to (c) A high level coordination committee chaired by Hon’ble Prime Minister called “Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change to coordinate National action for assessment, adaptation and mitigation of climate change” was constituted on 6th June 2007. In the meeting held on 13th July 2007, it has been decided to prepare and finalise ‘India’s Climate Change Action Programme’ early. The action programme proposes to identify and strengthen a network of knowledge institutions. This will also include the University system to become partner Institutions in the agenda for climate change.
(d) No, Sir.
(e) Does not arise.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2681 ANSWERED ON‐17.04.2008 INTER GOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 2681 . SHRI RAMDAS AGARWAL
(a) whether Inter‐Governmental Panel on climate Change (IPCC) under UN has reportedly assessed that 11 out of last 12 years were among the hottest in recorded history and that (i) 120 million to 1.2 billion people in Asia will experience increased water stress by 2020 (ii) per capita water availability in India will drop from 1,820 cubic meter in 2001 to 1140 cubic meters by 2050 and (iii) in Himalayas, glaciers less than 4 kms long will disappear if average global temperatures rise by 3o C; and
(b) if so, the remedial steps Government propose to initiate in this regard? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a & (b) The Inter‐Governmental Panel on climate Change (IPCC) report contains the relevant observations in this regard. IPCC Climate Change 2007 provides current understanding of the Physical Science basis of climate change; impact, adaptation and vulnerability to climate change and mitigation of climate change. The assessments are based on model projections and would need to be further substantiated by in depth National studies especially the recession of glaciers in the Himalayas.
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India has been following a path of sustainable development through a range of policies and programmes to mitigate climate change and reduce carbon emissions. Some of the steps taken by the Government include interalia‐setting up of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency and encouraging energy conservation and introduction of energy efficiency labeling, promoting use of renewable energy, power sector reforms and active renewable energy programme, use of cleaner and lesser carbon intensive fuel for transport, fuel switching to cleaner energy, afforestation and conservation of forests, promotion of clean coal technologies, reduction of gas flaring, encouraging Mass Rapid Transport systems and environmental quality management for all sectors. Besides, India spends every year over 2 percent of the GDP in development measures with strong adaptation content.
The National Environment Policy 2006 of Ministry of Environment & Forests inter alia addresses the issue of global warming. Government has also set up an “Expert Committee on Impacts of Climate Change” in May 2007 to study the impacts of anthropogenic climate change on India and to identify the measures that may be needed to address vulnerability to anthropogenic climate change impacts.
A high level coordination committee chaired by Hon’ble Prime Minister called “Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change to coordinate National action for assessment, adaptation and mitigation of climate change” was constituted on 6th June 2007. In the meeting held on 13th July 2007, it has been decided to prepare and finalise ‘India’s Climate Change Action Programme’.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2673 ANSWERED ON‐17.04.2008 EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON POWER SUPPLY . 2673 . MS. SUSHILA TIRIYA
(a) whether it is a fact that climate change has now affected the power supply in the country;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) the steps taken by the Government to protect the power disruptions from the climate changes? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) & (b) So far, no noticeable effects on power generation or supply, attributable to climatic change, have been observed. Central Electricity Authority has, however, reported a few grid disturbances owing to unprecedented fog, high humidity, high levels of pollution coupled with absence of winter rains.
(c) Does not arise.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2223 ANSWERED ON‐20.03.2008 NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE . 2223 . SHRIMATI N.P. DURGA
(a) whether the India’s national action plan on mitigation of climate change which was to be ready by January, 2008, is ready;
(b) if so, the salient features of the national action plan;
(c) the efforts of his Ministry to shift industries to low‐carbon emission economies;
(d) whether involvement of private companies is depicted in the plan; and
(e) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO) a), b), d) & e) In the first meeting of the Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change held in July 2007, interalia it was decided that a National Action Plan on climate change will be prepared. This Report is under preparation. c) Although India as a developing country does not have any mitigation commitments, however, a sustainable development path is being followed in India by a range of policies and programmes to mitigate climate change: i. ensuring energy conservation and improved energy efficiency in various sectors as well as setting up of Bureau of Energy Efficiency ii. promoting use of renewable energy iii. power sector reforms and active renewable energy programme iv. use of cleaner and lesser carbon intensive fuel for transport v. fuel switching to cleaner energy vi. afforestation and conservation of forests vii. promotion of clean coal technologies
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1441 ANSWERED ON‐13.03.2008 CLIMATE CHANGE . 1441 . SHRI C. RAMACHANDRAIAH
(a) whether it is a fact that the climate change which is at its incipient stage if not controlled would adversely impact our environment and agricultural productivity;
(b) if so, whether initiatives are proposed/taken in co‐ordination with other developing and developed countries to contain the adverse impact of climate change;
(c) if so, furnish the details thereof and what would be the outcome of such initiatives in quantitative terms such as reduction of emission levels, reduction in rising temperatures etc; and
(d) if not, explain the reasons therefor? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) The climate change has emerged as a global environmental challenge and is projected to adversely impact various aspects. According to Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), climate change is a long term issue. The greenhouse gases have a long retention time in the atmosphere. Impact of these greenhouse gases will continue to manifest throughout 21st century.
(b) to (d) The Government of India is a Party to Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and has set up the National Clean Development Mechanism Authority to accord Host Country Approvals to eligible Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects as per the requirements of Marrakesh Accords. Although India as a developing country does not have any mitigation commitments under UNFCCC, yet, a sustainable development path is being followed in India by a range of policies and programmes to mitigate climate change. India is a partner to the new Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate which consists of both developed and developing countries – Australia, Canada, China, Japan, South Korea and the USA besides India. India has also been impressing upon developed countries to transfer environmentally sound and cleaner energy technologies into the limited public domain for use by developing countries for early adoption, diffusion and deployment accompanied with transfer of financial resources.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1457 ANSWERED ON‐13.03.2008 POLITICAL CLIMATE IN MYANMAR . 1457 . DR. VIJAY MALLYA
(a) in what manner Government is assessing the political climate in neighbouring Myanmar;
(b) the reasons Government not reacting to attack on the monks when they were participating in a non‐ violent protest;
(c) Government’s official stand on Army rule in Myanmar; and
(d) whether Government feels that the situation in Myanmar could affect the political climate of the Northeast States, which are already sensitive? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS
(SHRI PRANAB MUKHERJEE)
(a), (b), (c) & (d) Government have been in touch with the Myanmar Government at the highest levels on the recent developments in Myanmar. It is Government’s view that the process of national reconciliation and political reform initiated by the Government of Myanmar should be taken forward expeditiously and should be inclusive and broad‐based to include all sections of the society, including Aung San Suu Kyi and various ethnic groups. India supports the UN Secretary General’s good offices and his Special Envoy Mr. Ibrahim Gambari’s mission to Myanmar. We do not believe that sanctions will be useful in this situation. As a close and friendly neighbour, India has multi‐dimensional linkages with Myanmar. Government are, consequently, mindful of the need for a peaceful and stable Myanmar.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1231 ANSWERED ON‐11.03.2008 EFFECT OF CHANGE OF CLIMATE ON WATER . 1231 . PROF. ALKA BALRAM KSHATRIYA VIJAY JAWAHARLAL DARDA
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(a) whether Government has called for immediate action to make a realistic assessment of climate change on water resources;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) whether his Ministry has taken any steps to evaluate the consequence of climate change in river flow or groundwater characteristic and also to identify adaptation strategies; and
(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES
(SHRI JAI PRAKASH NARAYAN YADAV)
(a) & (b) Yes, Sir. Government has constituted a Coordination Committee chaired by the Prime Minister called Prime Minister`s Council on Climate Change to coordinate national action for assessment, adaptation and mitigation of climate change.
(c) & (d) Realising the need for proper assessment of the effect of climate change on water resources and flow characteristics, research on specific issues including impact assessment of climate change on water resources has been undertaken by Ministry of Water Resources through Central Water Commission, Brahmaputra Board and National Institute of Hydrology with active participation of reputed academic institutes.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐759 ANSWERED ON‐05.03.2008 PARAMETERS OF CLIMATE CHANGE MONITORED BY METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT . 759 . SHRI RAJKUMAR DHOOT RAHUL BAJAJ
(a) The parameters of climate changes being monitored by our Meteorological and related departments and what important observations, aberrations, have been reported by them? ANSWER MINISTER OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTER OF EARTH SCIENCES
(SHRI KAPIL SIBAL)
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(a) India Meteorological Department (IMD) has been monitoring several parameters like temperature, rainfall, humidity and pressure for monitoring climate change over more than 100 years through a network of stations all over India. Atmospheric turbidity is measured from mid‐seventies. Acidic components of atmosphere emanating from the industrial emissions manifested in the form of acidic components of sulphates and nitrates in rainwater has been monitored for the last 30‐years. The Survey of India (SoI) has been monitoring sea‐level through its net‐work of tide‐gauges installed over the Indian coasts. The important observations reported based on the analysis of the available data are ‐ i. Measurements of atmospheric turbidity (attenuation of incoming solar radiation) has shown a steady increase as a result of anthropogenic activities ii. Analysis of chemical composition of rainwater has also shown increasing acidic content in many parts of the country as a consequence of increased industrial/vehicular activity (SO2 and NOx) iii. Although, total column ozone has not shown any significant variation, a moderate increase in low level ozone concentrations is observed as a result of pollutants. iv. Mean annual surface air temperatures show a significant warming of about 0.5 degree C during the last century and recent data indicates a substantial acceleration of this warming after the 1990’s. v. The spatial distribution of temperature changes indicated a significant warming trend observed along the west coast, central India, and interior Peninsula and over northeast India. However, cooling trend has been observed over northwest India and some parts in southern India. vi. The year 2006 was the warmest year on record since 1901. The ten warmest years on record are 2006, 2002, 2007, 1998, 2004, 2001, 2003, 1958, 1987 and 1941. vii. As per the analysis of recent 50‐year rainfall data on regional scale, it indicates an increasing trend in intense rainfall events over east‐central India along with decrease in number of rainy days. However, on all India scale, the monsoon season rainfall quantum does not show any long term trend. viii. Indian scientists have studied local sea level rise at various places from long‐term Indian Tide gauge data, which indicates the observed trends during the past century to be about ~ 1 mm/year.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐221 ANSWERED ON‐28.02.2008 DELIBERATIONS ON CLIMATE CHANGES . 221 . SHRI O.T. LEPCHA SANTOSH BAGRODIA
(a) whether Government has taken an account of the gains and losses‐liabilities arising out of the deliberations on climate changes lately held at Bali talks to contain and prevent the adverse effects of climate change;
(b) if so, the advantages and gains that have been secured at the talks for the developing nations and the assurances given by the developed industrialized nations for development of the developing countries; and
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(c) the losses and liabilities that have been incurred by the developing nations as a result of the Bali talks? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS (SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) to (c) The thirteenth Conference of Parties (COP‐13) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the third Meeting of Parties (MOP‐3) to Kyoto Protocol was held in Bali in December 2007. The principal outcome of the Bali conference was to launch a comprehensive process called Bali Action Plan (BAP) that would enable the full, effective and sustained implementation of the UNFCCC through long‐term cooperative action, now, up to and beyond 2012. It is expected that an agreed outcome would be reached and a decision adopted regarding BAP, at the fifteenth Conference of Parties (COP‐15) to be held in December 2009. The Conference of Parties serving as Meeting of Parties at Bali also took crucial decisions in respect of the Kyoto Protocol, the Adhoc Working Group on further commitments of developed countries (beyond 2012) finally established a deadline of 2009 for the completion of its work and forwarding to COP‐15 for a decision, its recommendations on quantified emissions limitation and reduction commitments of Annex I Parties (developed countries).
Several other significant decisions which are beneficial to developing countries were also reached at Bali. These include operationalization of the Adaptation Fund to provide assistance to developing countries to adapt to climate change; agreement on guidance for the further implementation and improvement of the Clean Development Mechanism; policy approaches and positive incentives on issues relating to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries; “transfer of technologies”, including licenses to support the access to and transfer of low carbon technologies, and know how.
It is expected that the decisions taken at Bali would enhance the implementation of the UNFCCC and as a responsible country, India will engage constructively in these negotiations.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1944 ANSWERED ON‐07.12.2007 HUGE LOSS OF CEREAL PRODUCTION DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE . 1944 . SHRIMATI N.P. DURGA
(a) whether it is a fact that there is a huge loss of cereal production due to climate change;
(b) if so, whether the ICAR has taken up any study to assess the loss of cereal production due to climate change;
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(c) if so, the percentage of decline in the last three years and in the coming decade;
(d) the details of cereals that are going to be worst affected due to climate change; and
(e) what plans his Ministry has to overcome this situation? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI KANTILAL BHURIA)
(a) No, Sir. There is considerable uncertainty about the magnitude of loss, however, preliminary studies suggest that loss in cereal production due to climate change could be 5 to 40% by the end of 2100 AD.
(b) ICAR is studying the possible impact of climate change on cereal production through Network Project on `Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change` at different ICAR Institutes.
(c) There is no direct analysis of production decline in the last few years due to climatic change/ variability. However, it is well known that increased temperature in February and March have caused some production decline in recent years.
(d) Wheat is likely to be more affected due to climate change.
(e) During X plan period ICAR has initiated a Network Project on `Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change` at different ICAR Institutes/ State Agricultural Universities. Emphasis has also been given during XI plan period to strengthen the existing institutional network to cope with the challenges posed by climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1837 ANSWERED ON‐06.12.2007 PROJECTS FOR TACKLING CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE COUNTRY . 1837 . SHRI N.R. GOVINDARAJAR
(a) the number of projects on tackling climate change underway in the country;
(b) whether international assistance is being sought by Government to finance these projects to develop innovative means of tackling changes;
(c) if so, the details thereof;
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(d) whether Government has any proposal to constitute an Expert Group to study climate change; and
(e) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) to (c) Several projects on multidisciplinary aspects of Climate Change have been completed and funded by the Government of India, Global Environment Facility (GEF) and also under bilateral cooperation. India has received an indicative allocation of US$ 74.9 millions to fund climate change projects (2006‐2010) in the country through GEF, which is the multilateral financial mechanism.
(d) & (e) Government of India has already set up an Expert Committee under the Chairmanship of Principal Scientific Adviser to Government of India on impacts of Climate Change to identify the impacts of anthropogenic Climate Change on India and to identify the measures that we may have to take in the future in relation to addressing vulnerability to anthropogenic Climate Change impacts. The composition of the Expert Committee includes eminent scientists and representatives of various Ministries and Departments concerned.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1825 ANSWERED ON‐06.12.2007 DEBATE ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 1825 . SHRIMATI SHOBHANA BHARTIA
(a) whether the one‐day debate on climate change, with more than 150 nations participating to prepare the ground for launching negotiations on an agreement to succeed the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, the international accord that limits the emissions of greenhouse gases;
(b) if so, the main decisions taken in the meeting;
(c) whether Government has taken any steps to prepare for climate change effects; and
(d) if so, the help and assistance being sought from UN in meeting the climate change effects ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
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(a) & (b): A day long high‐level event “The Future in our Hands: Addressing the Leadership Challenge of Climate Change” was convened on 24 September 2007 by the United Nations Secretary‐General. The Indian delegation was led by Sh. P. Chidambaram, Hon’ble Finance Minister who informed the world leaders that India’s per capita consumption of energy and emission of CO2 are amongst the lowest in the world. He also highlighted the efforts being made by India supportive of sustainable and clean development. It was also mentioned that Climate Change should be dealt based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, and requirement of any action has to be commensurate to the respective capabilities. It was also emphasized that the only forum where the issue of climate change can be decided upon is the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). A need was also felt to strengthen the Clean Development Mechanism of Kyoto Protocol. The world leaders also hoped that intense negotiations would be held in the Conference of Parties to UNFCCC, at Bali, Indonesia, for a post 2012 agreement.
(c) to (d): India is engaged in the International Climate Change Regime, including the UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol, as also various partnerships with other countries under the UNFCCC. India has been pressing hard that as per the requirements of Kyoto Protocol the Annex‐I developed countries should take deeper and longer commitments for the second phase of Kyoto Protocol. Further, India is actively participating in the Climate Change dialogue and at the Adhoc Working Group discussions coordinated by the UNFCCC Secretariat. In these negotiations, India has been pressing that ‘Adaptation Fund’ under the Kyoto Protocol should be operationalised at the earliest. While India does not have any Green House Gases abatement commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, nevertheless a range of policies and programmes help mitigate climate change. Besides, India spends every year over 2 per cent of the GDP in development measures with strong adaptation content. The Government has also set up “Expert Committee on Impacts of Climate Change” to study the impacts of anthropogenic climate change on India, and to identify the measures that we may have to take in the future. Further, a ‘Council on Climate Change’, chaired by Prime Minister, has also been set up. The focus of the Council is to evolve a coordinated response to issues relating to climate change at the national level and provide oversight for formulation of action plans in the area of assessment, adaptation and mitigation of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1272 ANSWERED ON‐30.11.2007 DIARRHOEAL DEATHS DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGES . 1272 . SHRI KARNENDU BHATTACHARJEE
(a) how far it is a fact that due to climate changes endemic morbidity and mortality caused due to diarrhoea diseases will be on the increase;
(b) whether it is also a fact that climate changes will have impact on floods and droughts that cause water borne and communicable diseases;
(c) if so, whether Government is taking or propose to take any action in this regard; and
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(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
(DR. ANBUMANI RAMADOSS)
(a) to (d): The findings of the Fourth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are estimations of current scientific understanding of impacts of climate change on natural, managed and human systems, the capacity of these systems to adapt and their vulnerability. It sets out projected climate change related exposures likely to affect the health status of millions of people, particularly those with low adaptive capacity through, increases in malnutrition and consequent disorders, with implications for child growth and development. Increase deaths, diseases and injury due to heat waves, floods, storms, fires and droughts. The increased burden of Diarrhoeal diseases, primarily associated with floods and droughts. The increased frequency of cardio‐respiratory diseases due to higher concentrations of ground level ozone related to climate change, and The altered spatial distribution of some infectious disease vectors.
A multiple strategy, which includes mitigation, adoption, technological development and research needs to be devised to diminish the risks associated with climate change. Sustainable development can definitely reduce the vulnerability to climate change by enhancing adaptation capacity and increasing resilience.
Health is primarily a state subject and provision of medical relief for diseases like diarrhea and other communicable disease through primary and community health centers is looked after by the State Governments. For addressing Public health emergencies, National Disaster Management Authority has been established and all stakeholders including the private hospitals/NGOs are called upon to provide medical relief/rehabilitation during medical emergencies. Unsafe drinking water, poor sanitation and hygiene are some of the causes of diarrhea.
The preventive measures taken by the local health authorities include provision of safe drinking water, improvement of personal and community hygiene, safe disposal of human excreta, undertaking appropriate health education, surveillance and monitoring distribution of chlorine tablets and ORS packets etc. Under National Rural Health Mission, services of Health, Drinking Water, Nutrition and Sanitation are integrated to provide effective services at grass root level.
The Government of India supplements the efforts of the State Governments/Union Territories by providing funds under Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme, Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme, Total Sanitation Campaign, School Sanitation and Hygiene Education and Low Cost Sanitation Scheme for tackling quality related problems in respect of rural and urban drinking water supply. National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD), Delhi provides technical support to the State Governments and undertake surveillance, early detection and prevention and control of outbreaks of communicable diseases including diarrhea.
A integrated approach has been initiated with Department of Drinking Water Supply to provide the technical support to monitor the quality of drinking water in different States so as to prevent occurrence
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The Government of India has launched an Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme in November, 2004 to further strengthen identification of out breaks of various diseases including diarrhea so that early intervention could be made and occurrence, disability and death due to such diseases could be reduced.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐459 ANSWERED ON‐22.11.2007 EMISSION CAUSING CLIMATE CHANGE . 459 . SHRI RAMDAS AGARWAL
(a) whether industrial and highly developed countries, who are the members of the Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) under the UN, have taken any initiative to bear the greatest responsibility to reduce emission that cause climate change;
(b) whether it is a fact that carbon di‐oxide, methane and nitrous oxide have increased markedly as a result of human activities since 1750 and now far exceed pre‐industrial values; and
(c) if so, the steps Government propose to initiate to mitigate processes that go against nature and also impress upon UN Panel countries to give incentives to developing countries like India? ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) Developed countries who are Party to Kyoto Protocol have emission reduction targets and overall they have to reduce their emissions by 5.2% during 2008‐12 from 1990 levels. As per their National Communications to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), these Parties claim to be taking actions to achieve their targets. However it is early to judge whether they will be able to achieve their targets. Some non‐Parties to Kyoto Protocol, namely, USA and Australia, have also taken some measures for reducing emissions.
(b) The amounts of carbon‐di‐oxide, methane and nitrous oxide have increased from the pre‐industrial era to the year 2005 as follows: Carbon dioxide – 280 ppm to 379 parts per million (ppm) Methane ‐ 715 ppb to 1774 parts per billion (ppb) Nitrous oxide ‐ 270 ppb to 319 parts per billion (ppb)
(c) The Government is committed for sustainable development and for undertaking its responsibilities in consonance with the provisions of UNFCCC. The Government has been stating at the UNFCCC and other
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2500 ANSWERED ON‐06.09.2007 PROBLEMS ARISING OUT OF CLIMATE CHANGES . 2500 . SHRI SATYAVRAT CHATURVEDI MOTILAL VORA
(a) the steps being taken by Government to tackle problems arising out of changes in the climate;
(b) when the Council on Climate Change was constituted;
(c) the number of meetings held by it along with the decisions taken therein; and
(d) the steps being taken by Government to tackle the compulsion of mandatory reduction of carbon emission as per the Kyoto Protocol? ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) The Government has recently set up an “Expert Committee on Impacts of Climate Change” under the Chairmanship of Dr. R. Chidambaram, Principal Scientific Adviser to Government of India. The Terms of Reference of the Committee are as under:
(i) To study the impacts of anthropogenic climate change on India.
(ii) To identify the measures that we may have to take in the future in relation to addressing vulnerability to anthropogenic climate change impacts.
(iii) Any other matter relevant to (i) and (ii) above.
The Government of India is a Party to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCCC) and has set up the National Clean Development Mechanism Authority to accord Host Country Approvals (HCA) to eligible Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects. India
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Further, even though India as a developing country does not have any mitigation commitments, nevertheless, a sustainable development path is being followed through a range of policies and programmes to mitigate climate change:
(i) ensuring energy conservation and improved energy efficiency in various sectors as well as setting up of Bureau of Energy Efficiency
(ii) promoting use of renewable energy
(iii) power sector reforms and active renewable energy programme
(iv) use of cleaner and lesser carbon intensive fuel for transport
(v) fuel switching to cleaner energy
(vi) afforestation and conservation of forests
(vii) promotion of clean coal technologies
(viii) reduction of gas flaring
(ix) encouraging Mass Rapid Transport systems
(x) environmental quality management for all sectors
(b) & (c) A Council chaired by Hon’ble Prime Minister called “Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change” to coordinate national action for assessment, adaptation and mitigation of climate change was constituted on 6th June 2007. The focus of the Council would be to:
(i) Evolve a coordinated response to issues relating to climate change at the national level;
(ii) Provide oversight for formulation of action plans in the area of assessment, adaptation and mitigation of climate change;
(iii) Periodically monitor key policy decisions.
The 1st meeting of the Prime Minister’s Council on Climate Change was held on 13th July 2007. The summary of decisions included interalia that:
(i) a National Document compiling action taken by India for addressing the challenge of climate change and the action that it proposes to take, be prepared as India’s National Report on Climate Change,
(ii) a major afforestation programme called ‘Green India’ for greening six million hectares of degraded forest land may be finalized,
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(iii) a comprehensive action plan be prepared by the Ministry of Agriculture on the agricultural agenda for the climate change,
(iv) focus on renewables, decentralized power generation & energy efficiency measures,
(v) multi‐lateral funding for collaborative R&D on climate change should be pursued.
(d) As per Kyoto Protocol, the developing countries including India do not have any mitigation commitments. However, the steps taken by India as far as reduction of emissions is concerned are stated in (a) above.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF DEFENCE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1712 ANSWERED ON‐29.08.2007 ENHANCEMENT OF UNCONGENIAL CLIMATE ALLOWANCE . 1712 . SHRI EKANATH K. THAKUR
(a) whether it is a fact that Government has cleared a proposal to enhance uncongenial climate allowance by over four times and increase travel facilities for armed forces personnel posted in isolated and hazardous high altitude areas along the Line of Control; and
(b) if so, the details of the new rates? ANSWER
MINISTER OF DEFENCE
(SHRI A.K. ANTONY)
(a) & (b): The High Altitude (Uncongenial Climate) Allowance is payable to Armed Forces personnel deployed in High Altitude (Uncongenial Climate) areas. The Government has recently decided to grant enhanced rates of High Altitude (Uncongenial Climate) Allowance to troops deployed in more difficult, hazardous and isolated areas above 14000 ft within the existing High Altitude (Uncongenial Climate) Areas at the rate of Rs.5600 per month for Officers and Rs.3734 per month for Personnel Below Officer Rank with a view to rationalize the High Altitude Allowance. The enhanced allowance is 80% of Siachen allowance and is comparable to Siachen allowance in proportion to the physical hardships being faced by the Armed Force Personnel.
Besides, the Government has decided to provide the following travel facilities for Armed Forces personnel:
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(i)Grant of one additional free rail warrant every year to all ranks of Armed Forces serving in field/high altitude/counter insurgency/counter terrorism operational areas to travel to and from their duty station and Home Town/Selected Place of Residence.
(ii)All Service personnel would be eligible to avail leave travel concession once in a year to their hometown in India or Selected Place of Residence in India and every alternate year to any place in India in lieu of hometown or Selected Place of Residence without any distance restriction.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐473 ANSWERED ON‐16.08.2007 REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE IN INDIA . 473 . SHRIMATI N.P. DURGA
(a) whether Government have set up an expert group to look into various aspects of climate change in India;
(b) if so, the terms of reference given to the expert group;
(c) whether Mr. R.K. Pachauri has submitted a report on climate change in the country and ;
(d) if so, the details of recommendations made by the Committee? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) & (b) In pursuance to the announcement made by the Hon’ble Finance Minister while presenting the Union Budget 2007‐08, the Government has set up the “Expert Committee on Impacts of Climate Change” on 7th May 2007 under the chairmanship of Dr. R. Chidambaram, Principal Scientific Advisor to the Government of India to study the impacts of anthropogenic climate change on India and to identify the measures that we may have to take in the future in relation to addressing vulnerability to anthropogenic climate change impacts.
( c) & (d) Dr. R. K. Pachauri, Director General of The Energy Resources Institute(TERI) is also the Chairman of the Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC), which has submitted its three Working Group Reports recently. These Reports provides a global assessment of observed climate change, climate processes and estimates of projected/future climate change, impacts of climate change on natural, managed and human systems and their vulnerability etc. and provides findings at the continental level. No country specific findings for any country including India have been provided in these Reports.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐4123 ANSWERED ON‐14.05.2007 REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE FORECASTING 4123 . DR. K. MALAISAMY
(a) whether Government are aware of the most shocking U.N. Panel Report on the climate change forecasting that India would be among countries, worst affected by global warming;
(b) the ill‐effects and dangers forecasted against India; and
(c) whether the U.N. Panel Report on this aspect is reliable and scientific? ANSWER
MINISTER OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYAND MINISTER OF EARTH SCIENCES
(SHRI KAPIL SIBAL)
(a)&(b) Yes Sir. The U.N. Report provides a global assessment of observed climate change, climate processes and estimates of projected future climate change at the continental level. The salient findings of the Report include increase in the global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide as a result of human activities since 1750 and increase in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level resulting in negative economic impact. No country specific findings have been reported.
(c) The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been established by World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to assess scientific, technical and socio‐ economic information relevant for the understanding of climate change, its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation. The Report on this aspect is an assessment based on the published scientific literature worldwide. It is synthesized by the experts in the relevant field under the aegis of the IPCC.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐4122 ANSWERED ON‐14.05.2007 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGES 4122 . SHRI RAHUL BAJAJ
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RAJKUMAR DHOOT
(a) whether it is also a fact that now the UN’s IPCC on April 6, 2007 has categorically mentioned India as a high risk area about the impact of climate change in India; and
(b) if so, the steps are being taken to at least monitor parameters relating to the melting of glaciers in the Himalayan ranges ? ANSWER
MINISTER OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYAND MINISTER OF EARTH SCIENCES
(SHRI KAPIL SIBAL) a) The UN’s IPCC Report provides a global assessment of observed climate change, climate processes and estimates of projected future climate change at the continental level. No country specific findings have been reported. b) Government has initiated a Himalayan Glaciology Programme for monitoring glacier environments, physical characteristics, and paleo‐climatology of Himalayan glaciers.
Gangotri glacier system, Satopanth & Bhagirath Kharak in the Alaknanda catchment, Durung Drung glacier, Zanskar, Ladakh and Naradu glacier valley are some of the systems that are being monitored and studied under the research projects.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3253 ANSWERED ON‐04.05.2007 ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 3253 . SHRI VIJAY JAWAHARLAL DARDA
(a) Whether it is a fact that the Global Environment Facility has announced that India would get 30 million dollars for bio‐diversity and 75 million dollars for climate change in the next four years;
(b) If so, whether proposals have been drawn as to how the above amount would be spent, year‐wise, so that maximum advantage could be taken; and
(c) The details of the steps already taken by the Government towards controlling adverse effects of climate change? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
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(a) Yes.
(b) The Ministry of Environment & Forests receives project proposals/concept notes on biodiversity and climate change on a rolling basis throughout the year.
(a) The existing legislative and policy framework in various sectors of concern, together with wide ranging reforms contribute to addressing the climate change issues. They, interalia, include energy efficiency measures, energy conservation, power sector reforms and active renewable energy programme, fuel switching to cleaner energy, afforestation and conservation of forests, steps to encourage efficient utilization of coal, reduction of gas flaring and installation of waste heat recovery systems in the oil sector, standardization of fuel‐efficient irrigation pump sets, rectification of existing pump‐sets to make them more energy efficient, rationalization of power tariffs and better cultivar practices in the agricultural sector etc. India also has the largest number of projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol, which reduce net emissions of greenhouse gases. Moreover, India has had, over the last 55 years of economic development, undertaken major programs addressing climate variability concerns. These include cyclone warning and protection, coastal protection, floods and drought control and relief, major and minor irrigation projects, control of malaria, food security measures and research on drought resistant crops, and several others.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2794 ANSWERED ON‐27.04.2007 TASK FORCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 2794 . SHRI RAMDAS AGARWAL
(a) whether there is any proposal under consideration of Government to set up a high level task force to deal with emerging climate change scenario;
(b) if so, the details thereof;
(c) the major issues on which the task force is proposed to work; and
(d) the expenditure likely to be incurred thereon during the Eleventh Five Year Plan period? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) Yes, Sir.
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(b) to (d) The Government is in the process of forming an Expert Committee to study the impacts of climate change and to identify measures that we may have to take in the future.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2012 ANSWERED ON‐16.03.2007 NATIONAL PROGRAMME TO STUDY ASSESS AND DEAL WITH CLIMATE CHANGE . 2012 . DR. K. KASTURIRANGAN
(a) whether Government have decided to set up a national programme to study, assess and deal with the climate change;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) the names of the participating institutions in the country involved in such a programme? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) The Honourable Finance Minister in his Budget speech has stated that the Government has proposed to appoint an expert committee to study the impact of climate change on India and identify the measures that we may have to take in the future. Also the Government has commissioned several studies on various aspects of climate change. The requirements of climate change research for policy making are under constant review in Ministry of Environment and Forests.
(b)& (c): Some of the studies undertaken in the recent years are:
i) “Long term Climate Change Mitigation Policies: Implications of Future UNFCCC Regimes for National Energy and Environment Policies” ‐ IIM, Ahmedabad. ii) “Energy‐Economic‐Environment Modeling to Support Climate Change Assessment and Policy Making in India” by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), New Delhi. iii) “Legal Review of the Basic Framework of the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1997 Kyoto Protocol and the Intergovernmental Negotiation process on Global Climate Change” ‐ Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi. iv) “GHG Reduction Potential, Sectoral Base Lines and Opportunities for CDM Projects” ‐ Integrated Research and Action for Development (IRADe), New Delhi.
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v) “Research on key issues in Climate Change Negotiations ” – TERI, New Delhi. vi) “Forest Conservation and Regeneration (Afforestation) in India and Implications for Sustainable Development and Global Environment” – IISc Bangalore. vii) “Assessing Impacts of Climate Change and Variability in Agricultural Resources in India” by RMSI, Noida. viii) “Developing CGE Model with Activity Analysis for Climate Policies in India” by Integrated Research and Action for Development (IRADe), New Delhi. ix) “Climate Change and the Indian Economy ‐ A CGE: Modeling Approach” by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER), New Delhi and Jadavpur University, Kolkata. x) “Supporting MoEF in Climate Change Assessment Negotiations and Policy Making through Energy‐ Economic‐Environment Modeling” by The Energy Resources Institute (TERI), New Delhi. xi) “Adoption and Improvement of SWAT Hydrological Model for Vulnerability Assessment & Adaptation of Climate Change Impact on Indian Water Resources” by Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi. xii) Research on key issues in Climate Change Negotiations (Phase‐II)” ‐ TERI. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2016 ANSWERED ON‐16.03.2007 INTER GOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 2016 . SHRIMATI SYEDA ANWARA TAIMUR
(a) whether it is a fact that no representative from his Ministry was present when the United Nation’s Inter‐Governmental Panel on Climate Change report was being finalized by representatives from more than 100 countries; and
(b) if so, the reasons therefor? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) & (b) Yes, Sir. The nominated representative of the Ministry of Environment & Forests could not attend the Session of the Inter‐Governmental Panel on Climate Change Working Group – I held in Paris during 29 January ‐ 1 February 2007 owing to illness, however, an official from the Embassy of India in Paris attended the meeting. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1332 ANSWERED ON‐12.03.2007 INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH TO STUDY CLIMATE . 1332 . SHRI V. NARAYANASAMY
(a) whether NRI countries get SOS calls to save climate and India has launched International Research for Scientist to study monsoon, rising sea level and temperature; and
(b) if so, the response for the call given by Government? ANSWER
MINISTER OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTER OF EARTH SCIENCES
(SHRI KAPIL SIBAL)
(a) Since climate change is a global issue, many countries are having collaborative programs and many institutions from India are also collaborating. In general, these is shortage of scientists in the Country in any field, including monsoon research and climate change, however, this is no SOS.
(b) Does not arise.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐476 ANSWERED ON‐02.03.2007 EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE . 476 . SHRI DATTA MEGHE
(a) whether it is a fact that serious concern has been expressed over the issue of changes in climate, especially on global warming in the environment summit organized in Nairobi during the last year, 2006;
(b) if so, the steps taken by Government to solve this problem;
(c) whether it is also a fact that the ultraviolet rays of Sun directly fall on the surface of earth due to expansion of a hole in Ozone layer as a result of which diseases regarding skin, skin cancer and eyes are on the increase; and
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(d) if so, the steps taken by Government to get rid of these diseases? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) The twelfth Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the second Meeting of Parties to the Kyoto Protocol took place at Nairobi in December 2006, wherein various issues for addressing Climate Change and global warming were discussed. Most of the developing countries, including India, expressed the view that as per Kyoto Protocol, developed countries that have ratified the Protocol should take on further commitments beyond the year 2012 at the earliest.
(b) India is engaged in the International Climate Change Regime, including the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol, and various partnerships with other countries under the UNFCCC. While India does not have any Green House Gases (GHG) abatement commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, nevertheless a range of policies and programs help mitigate climate change. These include :
1) Improving energy efficiency & conservation as well setting up of Bureau of Energy Efficiency 2) Power sector reforms 3) Promoting hydro and renewable energy 4) Promotion of clean coal technologies 5) Coal washing & efficient utilization of coal 6) Afforestation and conservation of forests 7) Reduction of gas flaring 8) Use of cleaner and lesser carbon intensive fuel for transport 9) Encouraging Mass Rapid Transport systems 10) Environmental quality management c) The depletion of the Ozone Layer results in an increase of UV‐B and UV‐C radiation reaching the earth’s surface leading to skin and eye diseases. India is a party to the Vienna Convention for Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. A country program was prepared in 1993 and is under implementation to phase‐out production and consumption of Ozone Depleting Substances namely chloro‐fluoro‐ carbons (CFCs), cartbon‐tetra‐chloro (CTC), halon, methyl bromide, methy1 chloroform and hydro‐chloro‐fluoro‐carbon (HCFCs). As per the control schedule of the Montreal Protocol, the production and consumption of CFC, halon and CTC are to be phased out by 2010. The production and consumption of methy1 choloroform and methy1 bromide are to be phased out by 2015 and production and consumption of HCFC are to be phased out by 2040. d) The major health problems that may occur due to such depletion of Ozone layer pertain to Skin Problems like Skin Cancer, Cancer Burn and Pterygium and Eye Problems like Cataracts and Degeneration of Macula. The facilities for treatment of Skin and Ophthalmic related diseases are available in the Central Government Hospitals. Moreover, a National Programme for Control of Blindness is in operation in the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐484 ANSWERED ON‐02.03.2007 REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE .
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484 . SHRI SYED AZEEZ PASHA
(a) whether Government’s attention has been drawn to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report on climate change;
(b) if so, the details of its findings;
(c) whether Government have made any study on its implementations in our country; and
(d) if so, the details thereof and what policy changes are proposed to be taken to contain the consequent effects of the expected climatic change in the country? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS (SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) to (d) Yes, Sir. The Inter‐Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a body established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has released the Report titled “Climate Change 2007‐ The Physical Science Basis” on February 2, 2007. The Report provides a global assessment of observed climate change, climate processes and estimates of projected/ future climate change. The salient findings of the Report interalia include increase in the global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide as a result of human activities since 1750; increase in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level. According to the Report, anthropogenic warming and sea level rise would continue for centuries due to the time scales associated with climate processes and feedbacks. The Report provides findings at the continental level. No country specific findings have been provided. The Government is seized of the concerns in the wake of projected climate change. Climate Change is a global environmental problem, the principal responsibility for which lies with the developed countries, and not developing countries such as India. However India is engaged in the international climate change regime, including the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol, and various partnerships with other countries under the UNFCCC. While India does not have any GHG abatement commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, nevertheless a range of policies and programs help mitigate climate change. These include 1) Improving energy efficiency & conservation as well setting up of Bureau of Energy Efficiency 2) Power sector reforms 3) Promoting hydro and renewable energy 4) Promotion of clean coal technologies 5) Coal washing & efficient utilization of coal 6) Afforestation and conservation of forests 7) Reduction of gas flaring 8) Use of cleaner and lesser carbon intensive fuel for transport 9) Encouraging Mass Rapid Transport systems 10) Environmental quality management
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1175 ANSWERED ON‐04.12.2006 SSESSMENT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON INDIAN CLIMATES .
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1175 . SHRI RAHUL BAJAJ
(a) Whether an assessment of likely impact of global warming on Indian climate has been made;
(b) if so, what are its major findings; and
(c) if not the reasons therefor? ANSWER
MINISTER OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY AND MINISTER OF EARTH SCIENCES
( SHRI KAPIL SIBAL ) a) Yes Sir, b) Impact of global warming on future climate change in India have been evaluated by Indian scientists through climate predictions based on different scenarios of global trends in Greenhouse gas emissions, which have been agreed to by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The results are obtained from Global Model simulations followed by Regional simulations to get results relevant to the Indian region. It must however be noted that these results can only be considered as preliminary at the present stage and efforts are being continued by the scientific community to obtain more reliable estimates. In the case of mean annual temperature for the country as a whole, an increase of the order of 2ºC to 5ºC is projected to occur by the end of this century based on the model results. Examination of the spatial patterns of annual temperature changes indicates that the warming will be more pronounced over the northern states of India and eastern parts of the peninsular region. It is estimated to be more during winter and post monsoon seasons compared to the rest of the year. Prediction of rainfall changes is less reliable than that of temperature. The global results indicate that there is likelihood of increase in annual mean rainfall to the tune of 15 ‐ 40 per cent till the end of the 21st century as compared to the baseline period 1961‐1990. The maximum change in rainfall is projected to occur over the climatologically low rainfall region of north‐western India. Considering monsoon season separately a decrease in rainfall in the western parts of the country and a corresponding increase in the eastern parts is projected. The central and western parts of the country show a reduction in the number of rainy days by middle of present century indicating that heavier precipitation events could become slightly more frequent in the non monsoon months. As on date the observed trends in temperature are qualitatively similar to the predicted model results but the rainfall data does not show any significant trend except that a marginal reduction in rainfall of Central India has been noticed during the recent decade. c) does not arise
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐58 ANSWERED ON‐24.11.2006 EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE . 58 . SHRI RAVI SHANKAR PRASAD RAM JETHMALANI
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(a) whether it is a fact that clear indications of change in climate are being noticed in the country and this has begun affecting the agriculture of the country adversely;
(b) if so, the reaction of Government thereto;
(c) whether Government have undertaken any study about the adverse effects on the agriculture due to climatic changes; and
(d) if so, the details of the report in this regard? ANSWER
MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI SHARAD PAWAR)
(a) to (d): A statement is laid on the Table of the House. STATEMENT IN RESPECT OF PARTS (a) TO (d) OF RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 58 FOR 24/11/2006 REGARDING EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE.
(a) to (d): No clear‐cut confirmed findings are available. However, intensity of the extreme events like drought, flood, heat waves, cold waves, cyclonic incidents etc. has increased. Preliminary studies taken up under the network programme on climate change sponsored by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) at CRIDA indicate that negative departure of annual rainfull (over the period of 1960‐ 2004) has been noticed in some northern part of the country comprising parts of Western Uttar Pradesh, West Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Uttaranchal, Himachal Pradesh and entire North Eastern States and in some parts of the Southern Peninsula covering South Telangana, parts of Rayalaseema, Vidarbha and Tamil Nadu. Further, the rainfall analysis carried out at 1140 stations located in the rainfed regions of the country has shown that 73 percent of the stations are subjected to short term fluctuations (less than 7 years) in annual rainfall. The increase in minimum temperature by 4 to 5 degree Celsius over its normal value coinciding with the reproductive stage of wheat crops during 2005‐06 rabi season considerably affected the wheat production. As per information available with the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the surface air temperatures over the Indian subcontinent show a slight warming trend by about 0.4 Degree Celsius during the past 100 years. This warning trend is however not uniform either in time or in space. Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has initiated the Net‐work Programme on Impact Adaptation and Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change during X plan period with outlay of Rs.9.11 Crores. The research projects aim at to study the impact of climate change on agriculture systems including the livestock, fisheries, horticulture and forestry at 16 locations spread across the country. At CRIDA, Hyderabad, the impact of elevated CO2 on the growth rates of some dryland crops, viz. castor, groundnut and associated pests are being undertaken during the current plan period. The studies on castor crops indicated that the growth parameters have shown positive trend under elevated CO2 levels at all its growth stages. However, the quantity and quality of oil contents was negatively affected. Government of India is implementing various programmes namely,
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(i) National Watershed Development Project for Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA), (ii) Soil Conservation for Enhancing Productivity of Degraded Lands in the Catchments of River Valley Project and Flood Prone River (RVP & FPR), (iii) Reclamation of Alkali Soil (RAS), (iv) Watershed Development Project in Shifting Cultivation Areas (WDPSCA), (v) Drought Prone Area Programme (DPAP), (vi) Desert Development Programme (DDP), (vii) Integrated Waste‐land Development Programme (IWDP), (viii) National Afforestation & Eco‐Development Project (NAEP), (ix) National Project on Development & Use of Bio‐ fertilizer (NPD&UB), (x) National Project on Organic Farming (NPOF) etc. for Resource Conservation and also to promote efficient utilization of soil, water, land, nutrients and pesticides etc. for sustainable agricultural development in the country.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐428 ANSWERED ON‐28.07.2006 CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT . 428 . SHRI T.T.V. DHINAKARAN
(a) whether a project called `Development of Extended Range Forecast for Climate Risk Management in Agriculture` has been initiated by Government;
(b) if so, the details thereof; and
(c) the steps taken to get weather related information reach quickly to the farmers? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI KANTI LAL BHURIA)
(a) to (c): Yes Sir. A project called Development and Application of Extended Range Forecast System(ERFS) for Climate Risk Management in Agriculture has been initiated by Ministry of Agriculture. The major objective in this project is to develop a forecast system to provide seasonal scale prediction of precipitation and surface air temperature during the monsoon season as well as other seasons over meteorological subdivisions/agro‐climatic zones in India for use in agricultural applications and by other end‐users. It envisages monthly scale forecast for 1‐2 representative months in experimental mode. Project activities for R&D phase and validation of the application/operationalisation is envisaged to take about six years time. Leading national organizations/institutes like India Meteorological Department, National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF). Space Application Centre
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(Ahmedabad), Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR), Indian Institute of Technology
(IIT), Delhi are associated. The project is being coordinated by IIT, Delhi through a Scientific and Technical Committee. The project is funded by Department of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture. The project would disseminate generated forecast information in collaboration with NCMRWF through the involvement of Krishi Vigyan Kendras, State Agencies, ICAR institutes, etc.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3421 ANSWERED ON‐23.12.2005 CHANGE OF CLIMATES . 3421 . DR. MURLI MANOHAR JOSHI RAM JETHMALANI
(a) whether it is a fact that the climate of the country is changing now a days;
(b) if so, Government`s reaction thereto;
(c) whether it is also a fact that due to this change of climate, forests and lives of people and animals living in the forests are likely to be affected; and
(d) if so, the facts of the matter and the steps being taken by Government? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA)
(a) As per information made available by the Indian Meteorological Department, the surface air temperature over the Indian subcontinent show a slightly warming trend by about 0.4 C during the past 100 years. This warming trend is however not uniform either in time or space. Some seasons do not exhibit as much warming trend as the others, and some regions of the country show lesser warming trend. However, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its Third Assessment Report in 2001 has projected that globally averaged surface temperature would rise by 1.4 C to 5.8 C during 1990‐ 2100 in the most tropical and subtropical regions.
(b) The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol address the issues related to climate change. India is a Party to both these agreements and is actively participating in Climate Change discussions. India has taken measures to mitigate climate change by encouraging renewable sources of energy, energy efficiency, afforestation programmes and promoting projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol, which reduce net emissions of greenhouse gases.
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(c &d) The projected climate change will affect various ecosystems including forests and lives of people & animals living in the forests only on a long term basis. In the short term, the effect of global climate change on forests, wildlife and people living close to forests is likely to be insignificant.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐334 ANSWERED ON‐25.11.2005 CLIMATE CHANGE IN INDIA . 334 . SHRI DARA SINGH
(a) Whether Government`s attention has been drawn to the recently released study report on `Climate Change in India` undertaken by his Ministry alongwith the UK`s Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs forecasting that by 2050, India will be getting dangerously hot with worst,‐floods in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh and drought in Rajasthan leading to reduction in wheat, onion and rice yields; and
(b) if so, what policies Government propose to formulate so as to meet the challenges of climate change particularly increased green‐house gas emission as reportedly suggested by Dr. G.B. Pant of Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology in this regard? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
( SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA )
(a): The study shows that climate change in India represents an additional stress on ecological and socio‐ economic systems including agriculture, already facing pressure due to urbanization, industrialization and other economic activities.
(b): The existing policy framework together with wide‐ranging reforms aimed at accelerated economic growth in the past decade relating to energy efficiency, energy conservation, power sector reforms, an active renewable energy programme, fuel switching to cleaner energy, afforestation and conservation of forests; steps to encourage efficient utilization of coal; reduction of gas flaring and installation of waste heat recovery systems in the oil sector; standardization of fuel‐efficient irrigation pump‐sets, rectification of existing pump‐sets to make them more energy efficient, rationalization of power tariffs and better cultivar practices in the agriculture sector etc. address the greenhouse gas emissions in the country. In so far as adaptation to climate change is concerned, various initiatives had been taken in some of the most vulnerable states namely Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh for better understanding of these impacts.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐225 ANSWERED ON‐09.08.2005 FIVE POINT AGENDA FOR IMPROVEMENT OF INVESTMENT CLIMATE . 225 . SHRI JESUDASU SEELAM T. SUBBARAMI REDDY
(a) Whether World Bank has suggested a five point agenda for improving investment climate in India which includes easing restrictions on hiring and firing of workers and simplification of procedure for entry and exit of firms;
(b) if. s(>, what are the other points mentioned in the report;
(c) whether Government have fully: examined World Bank`s five point programme to boost investment in India; and
(d) if so, to what extent it has been implemented? ANSWER
MINISTER OF FINANCE (SHRI Pi CHIDAMBARAM)
(a), (b), (c) & (d) A statement is laid on the Table of the House.
STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) TO (d) OF RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO. 225 FOR, THE 9TH AUGUST 2005 RAISED BY SHRI JESUDASU SEELAM, DR. T. SUBBARAMI REDDY. MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT, REGARDING “FIVE POINT AGENDA FOR IMPROVEMENT OF INVESTMENT CLIMATE”.
(a) & (b) The World Bank in its annual report named Doing Business in 2005` has used the following 7 indicators to benchmark regulatory environment in 145 countries, including India. i} Starting a business; ii} Hiring and firing workers; iii) Registering property; iv) Getting credit; v) Protecting investors; vi) Enforcing contracts; and vii) Closing a business. The report investigates the scope and manner of regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it.
(c) & (d) Government have examined the report, particularly with reference to areas where procedures could be simplified to encourage the private sector within the country. Improvements in respect of the above indicators is an ongoing process.
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UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1565 ANSWERED ON‐16.03.2005 EFFECT OF CLIMATE ON PRODUCTION OF TEA COFFEE AND COTTON . 1565 . SHRI MATILAL SARKAR TARINI KANTA ROY
(a) whether it is a fact that the production of tea, coffee and cotton has been affected by climatic reasons in different parts of the country;
(b) the quantity of tea, coffee and cotton grown during the years 2002‐03, 2003‐04 and 2004‐05;
(c) the number of gardens and factories connected with these commodities that have closed down during the last three years; and
(d) the steps Government propose to take to boost up the growers, workers and the system of marketing of these commodities? ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY
(SHRI E.V.K.S. ELANGOVAN )
(a): Tea production was affected during 2004‐05 due to adverse climatic condition and there was an overall decline of about 31 million kgs over the previous year. As far as coffee is concerned, due to adverse weather conditions experienced in the last two‐three crop years, the production has fallen to 2.75 lakh tonnes in 2002‐03 and 2.70 lakh tonnes in 2003‐04 from the level of 3 lakh tonnes in 2000‐01 and 2001‐02. As per available information, production of cotton does not seem to have been affected during 2003‐04 & 2004‐05.
(b): Details of production of tea, coffee and cotton during 2002‐03, 2003‐04 and 2004‐05 are as follows: Commodity 2002‐2003 2003‐2004 2004‐05 Tea (in million kgs.) 837.60 850.49 765.15 (April, 04 to January, 05 Coffee (in tonnes) 275275 270500 290800 (estimated for the whole year) Cotton
(in lakh bales of 170 kgs. each) 87.16 137.88 170.68 Estimated
(c): As per available information, during the course of last three years, 80 tea gardens passed through the process of closure or suspension of work. However, as on 31.12.2004, 32 tea gardens are lying closed. So far as coffee is concerned, as per available information, 13 coffee estates were closed down/locked out some time or other. However, as on date, all these estates are reported to have been reopened. As per the report `Census of cotton grinning and pressing factories in India ‐ a techno‐economic Study`, there were 673 closed grinning and pressing factories in 2001‐02.
(d): A number of measures have been taken to help the tea and coffee industries. Measures taken to help the tea growers include, withdrawal of the additional duty of excise of Re.1 per kg on tea in the Union Budget for 2005‐ 06, setting up of a special fund with collections of additional duty of excise on
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐540 ANSWERED ON‐16.07.2004 REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE 540 . SHRI EKANATH K. THAKUR
(a) whether India`s initial report to the UN on climate change has been made public; and
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(b) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
( SHRI NAMO NARAIN MEENA )
(a) and (b) Yes, Sir. India`s Initial National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has been submitted to the Convention Secretariat towards fulfillment of India`s obligation under the Convention. The Initial National Communication contains information on India`s emissions of greenhouse gases of anthropogenic origin at 1994 level which were 1228 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent; vulnerability assessment of key sectors such as agriculture, forestry, water resources, health, infrastructure, industry, national ecosystems and coastal zones to projected climate change; programmes related to sustainable development; research and systematic observations; and constraints and gaps, and related financial, technical and capacity needs in the area of climate change.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐171 ANSWERED ON‐16.07.2004 COMMITTEE ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 171 . PROF. SAIF‐UD‐DIN SOZ
(a) whether Government would constitute a Committee of experts on the question of climate change and determine firmly India`s position on this crucial question; and
(b) if so, by when Government would constitute such a Committee? ANSWER
MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
(SHRI A RAJA)
(a) & (b) Sir, the Government has already constituted a Standing Core Group on Climate Change in July, 2002 which consists of representatives from concerned ministries and experts in different relevant disciplines to advise on issues which come up for negotiations in International Climate Change fora.
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RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐380 ANSWERED ON‐05.12.2003 CLIMATE TECHNOLOGY BAZAAR AND CONFERENCE 380 . SHRI NANA DESHMUKH
(a) whether Climate Technology Bazaar and Conferences under the Ministry were recently held in the capital;
(b) if so, what decisions were taken to control pollution and adverse impacts of climate change; and
(c) the steps being taken to get them implemented? ANSWER MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRI T.R. BAALU)
(a) Yes, Sir.
(b) & (c) The above events were an Indian initiative for promoting transfer of clean technologies globally available. ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐5118 ANSWERED ON‐09.05.2003 EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURE 5118 . SHRIMATI N.P. DURGA RUMANDLA RAAMACHANDRAYYA
(a) whether Government propose to study the impact of climate change on agriculture in view of long bout of freak whether in the country; and
(b) if so, the details of measures need to be adopted to protect hilly areas, coastal eco‐system, fisheries and rain fed crops? ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI HUKUMDEO NARAYAN YADAV)
(a) Yes, Sir.
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(b) Various ICAR Institutes and State Agricultural Universities located in different agro‐ecological zones of the country including hilly, coastal and rainfed eco‐system will study impacts of climate change on agriculture and mitigation strategies to devise suitable measures.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE & COMPANY AFFAIRS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐664 ANSWERED ON‐25.02.2003 INVESTMENT CLIMATE FOR NRIS . 664 . DR. T. SUBBARAMI REDDY RUMANDLA RAAMACHANDRAYYA
QUESTION
(a) whether Government are considering a slew of policy measure to create an attractive investment climate for Non‐Resident Indians and PIOs;
(b) if so, whether the proposals are being considered including issuing of special infrastructure bonds, removing restrictions on repatriation of profits, and setting up of exclusive special economic zones;
(c) if so, the measures Government propose to take to attract NRIs and PIOs to their roots and involve them in social and economic development of the country; and
(d) by when final decision in this regard is likely to be taken? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE AND COMPANY AFFAIRS
(SHRI ANANDRAO V. ADSUL)
(a),(b),(c)&(d): Creating an attractive investment climate for Non‐Resident Indians and Persons of Indian Origin has been a conscious part of liberalization of economic policies by the Government in the past some years. Recent steps in this direction include (i) implementation of a major recommendation of the High Level Committee on the Indian diaspora to hold the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas celebrations in New Delhi from January 9‐11, 2003; (ii) the permission granted by the RBI for remittances upto US$ one million out of balances held by NRIs/PIOs in their NRO Accounts and from sale proceeds of assets acquired by them by way of inheritance/legacy......
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UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1618 ANSWERED ON‐04.12.2002 REJECTION OF DELHI DECLARATION AT THE CLIMATE CHANGE MEET BY THE EU . 1618 . SHRI PARMESHWAR KUMAR AGARWALLA
(a) whether it is a fact that European Union has rejected the draft of the Delhi Declaration circulated by the Indian Government at the climate change meet;
(b) if so, what are the details of the draft circulated; and
(c) what are the reasons given by the European Union for rejecting it? ANSWER THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF POWER
( SHRIMATI JAYAWANTI MEHTA )
(a) to (c) : The European Union did not reject the draft of the Delhi Declaration. A group of developed countries, including the European Union wanted to initiate a process for beginning a dialogue on broader participation of countries in greenhouse gas mitigation commitments for period beyond 2012. This was resisted successfully by the developing countries, including India, on the grounds that the per capita greenhouse gas emissions of the developing countries, in general, were low in comparison to the developed countries, and that the overriding priority for the developing countries was poverty eradication for which economic growth was essential. The Delhi Ministerial Declaration on Climate Change and Sustainable Development was adopted by all Parties as a consensus document.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐385 ANSWERED ON‐22.11.2002 IMPACT OF DELHI DECLARATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE ON INDUSTRY . 385 . SHRI A. VIJAYARAGHAVAN
(a) whether the Delhi draft declaration on climate change skipped any mention of the Kyoto Protocol, considered central to retard the current rate of climate change;
(b) whether there was any decision related to building the capacity of the countries that of the least developed one to tackle the adverse impact of the climate change;
(c) if so, the details thereof ; and
(d) the details of the impact of the draft declaration on climate change on the Indian industry?
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ANSWER
MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS (SHRI T.R. BAALU)
(a) to (d) The Delhi Declaration adopted by consensus by all Parties on 1st November 2002 strongly urges Parties that have not ratified the Kyoto Protocol to do so in a timely manner. The Declaration enjoins that effective and result‐based measures should be supported for the development of approaches at all levels for Capacity Building for the integration of adaptation concerns into sustainable development strategies. These measures are to include full implementation of existing commitments under the Convention and the Marrakesh Accords. The Conference also advanced operationalisation of Special Climate Change Fund and Least Developed Countries Fund for providing financial resources to the developing countries. The Conference decided that the Global Environment Facility should, on matters relating to Capacity Building, further the prompt implementation of the relevant decisions on the subject. The Conference concluded three years of negotiations relating to reporting and review under the Kyoto Protocol and rules of procedure of Executive Board of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) as well as simplified modalities and procedures for small‐scale CDM projects. The Declaration also urges Parties to promote technological advances through research and development, to substantially increase renewable energy resources, and to promote the dissemination of greenhouse gas mitigation technologies through public sector and market‐oriented approaches.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐372 ANSWERED ON‐22.11.2002 UN CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE . 372 . SHRI BHAGATRAM MANHAR SURESH PACHOURI RAJU PARMAR V.V. RAGHAVAN
(a) whether United Nations Convention on climate changes was held in India recently for adoption of mechanisms to combat climate changes;
(b) if so, what are the complete details of the deliberations of the Convention;
(c) what are the suggestions made by the Indian Government in the above Convention; and
(d) whether Government propose to implement it? ANSWER
MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS
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(SHRI T.R. BAALU) (a) to (d) The Eighth Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was held recently in New Delhi from 23rd October to 1st November 2002. The Delhi Ministerial Declaration on Climate Change and Sustainable Development issued at the end of the Conference establishes the link between climate change and sustainable development and brings into focus the issue of adaptation to the adverse effects of climate change. The Conference advanced operationalisation of Special Climate Change Fund and Least Developed Countries Fund for providing financial resources to developing countries. The Conference also concluded three years of negotiations relating to reporting and review under the Kyoto Protocol and rules of procedure of Executive Board of the Clean Development Mechanism as well as simplified modalities and procedures for small‐scale Clean Development Mechanism projects. It also adopted the New Delhi Work programme relating to education, training and public awareness about issues relating to climate change. A group of developed countries wanted to initiate a process for beginning a dialogue on broader participation of countries in greenhouse gas mitigation commitments for period beyond 2012. This was resisted successfully by the developing countries, including India, on the grounds that the per capita greenhouse gas emissions of the developing countries, in general, were low in comparison to the developed countries, and that the overriding priority for the developing countries was poverty eradication for which economic growth was essential. A framework of legislative and policy measures are in place in India that would help in minimizing the causes of climate change. Several measures have already been implemented by the Government of India to promote efficient utilization of fossil fuels, use of renewable energy technologies, abatement of pollution and conservation of forests.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐2502 ANSWERED ON‐09.08.2002 CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION . 2502 . SHRIMATI AMBIKA SONI T. SUBBARAMI REDDY
(a) whether the global warming has an impact on Indian agriculture which would result in up to 30 per cent drop in crop production by 2050;
(b) if so, whether the Government are considering to adopt strategies and resource conserving technologies, for sustainable farm development and improved productivity through low cost mechanism;
(c) whether this would have an impact on rice and wheat yields;
(d) if so, whether this was discussed in the South Asia Expert Workshop on Adaptation to Climate Change for Agricultural Productivity held in May, 2002; and
(e) if so, what were the main points discussed in the workshop? ANSWER
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MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
(SHRI HUKUMDEO NARAYAN YADAV)
(a)&(c): There is considerable uncertainty in the magnitude of global warming and its impact on agricultural production by the year 2050. The Inter‐governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), jointly established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), in its Third Assessment Report finalized in 2001 has projected that global average surface temperature may increase by 1.40 C to 5.80 C over the period 1990 – 2100. The IPCC report specifically considers agriculture as highly vulnerable to impacts of climate change in the South Asian region. Crop production and aquaculture would be threatened by thermal and water stresses, sea‐level rise, increased flooding, and strong winds associated with intense tropical cyclones. The specific effect of global warming on Indian agriculture, including rice and wheat would depend upon the actual change in temperature and other climatic features together with adaptation and mitigation strategies.
(b): Ministry of Agriculture has been adopting various resource conservation programmes and schemes to promote efficient utilization of water, land, nutrients and pesticides etc. for sustainable farm development in the country. Some major programmes and schemes are as under:
1. National Watershed Development Project for Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA)
2. Soil conservation for Enhancing Productivity of Degraded lands in the catchments of River Valley Projects and Flood Prone Rivers
3. Reclamation of alkali soils
4. Watershed Development Project in Shifting Cultivation Areas (WDSCA)
5. National Project on Development and Use of Biofertilisers 6. Promotion of Integrated Pest Management
7 National Project on organic farming.
8. Promotion of zero tillage.
9. Promotion of drip and sprinkler irrigation under the scheme Development of Horticulture through Plasti‐culture Intervention.
(d) & (e): Yes sir. Main goal of the South Asia Expert Workshop on `Adaptation to Climate Change for Agricultural Productivity` held in May 2002 had two objectives; i) to increase awareness in the region of the impact of climate change on agriculture and about the existence of potential solutions. ii) to make recommendations to the Eighth Conference of Parties (COP8) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) being hosted in New Delhi in October 2002. The workshop discussed vulnerability, adaptation and mitigation issues of Agriculture in the South Asian Region. Some key recommendations arrived at in the Workshop are as follows:
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1. Sustainable development policies and programmes in areas such as watershed development, promotion of resource conserving technologies, natural resource management and development of plant varieties should be taken as `no regret measures` and need to be supported and strengthened.
2. Adaptation science and policies should be holistic i.e., farming systems based rather than single commodity or single discipline.
3. There is a need for adopting an action‐based framework/guidelines by mainstreaming adaptation into national and regional planning policies. The major components of such a framework would be: ? A cafeteria of programmes and projects, which could be adopted by national governments. ? Provide additional support to on‐going governmental programmes, which have an adaptation element to combat climate change. ? Provide incentive structure for those promoting adaptation. Role of farmers mitigating greenhouse gases need to be positively recognized within the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol. ? Promote capacity building programmes. ? Provide for networking of international, regional and national institutions for experience sharing. ? Documentation of best practices and its dissemination to the farmers. ? Monitoring and evaluation of adaptation process.
4. There is need of strengthening public research on adaptation for both international as well as national research systems.
5. International funding support shall be required for the operationalization of necessary adaptation and mitigation measures.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3329 ANSWERED ON‐26.04.2002 CLIMATE CHANGES IN AGRICULTURE . 3329 . SHRI MAN MOHAN SAMAL
(a) whether it is a fact that many parts of Orissa are going drier day by day, affecting the agricultural sector adversely;
(b) if so, the reasons therefor and the measures taken by Government in respect thereof;
(c) whether Government have made any specific study to assess the impact of climatic changes on the agricultural sector of Orissa; and
(d) if so, the details thereof? ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE
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(SHRI HUKUMDEO NARAYAN YADAV)
(a) to (d): According to India Meteorological Department, who among other subjects also deal with the subject of climetology, there is no evidence of a long term decreasing trend in rainfall of Orissa. However, the State exhibits a high degree of year‐to‐year variability of rainfall in certain districts. Several long term measures are being taken by the State Government to improve the efficiency of Water use. These are:‐
(1) Minor Irrigation sources with emphasis on conjunctive use of surface and ground water are being developed in a big way by availing funds from various sources like loan from NABARD under RIDF and central schemes. About 25 thousand shallow tube wells, bore wells and River lifts have been installed during the last few years. Pani Panchayats are activated through farmer`s participation for rationalizing the use of irrigation water.
(2) As paddy is the main crop that is affected by the failure of the rains, farmers are being motivated to diversify from high water using crop like paddy to low water consuming crops like pulses and oilseeds.
(3) Dry land farming methods are being propagated with emphasis on drought resistant Agricultural crops and Horticulture crops. Agro forestry crops also are being propagated. Mixed farming systems are also encouraged.
(4) Rain water harvesting and other soil and water conservation activities are being taken up under Watershed Mission specially created for this purpose.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐3117 ANSWERED ON‐23.04.2002 INVESTMENT CLIMATE OF STATES 3117 . SHRI NARENDRA MOHAN
(a) whether Government are aware of the joint‐study conducted by World Bank and CII which has identified poor investment climate in States like Kerala, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal, while classifying Maharashtra and Gujarat as best investment climate States; and
(b) if so, whether Government have any plan to identify the reasons for this poor investment climate, and taking time‐bound steps in co‐ordination with respective State Governments to make these States comparatively significantly competitive? ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF COMMERCE & INDUSTRY
(DR. RAMAN SINGH)
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(a) Yes, Sir.
(b) In the study, poor infrastructure, excessive management time being spent with Government officials on regulatory issues, inadequate port facilities, relatively high delays in custom houses, excessively high power cost, etc., have been identified as the main reasons for poor investment climate. Industrial development including attracting investment, as well as creating good investment climate in various States is primarily the responsibility of the State Governments concerned. Central Government supplements their efforts by providing incentives under various schemes operated by it,
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF FINANCE RAJYA SABHA STARRED QUESTION NO‐434 ANSWERED ON‐19.12.2000 NCAER SURVEY ON INVESTMENT CLIMATE IN INDIA QUESTION . 434 . SHRI JIBON ROY C.O. POULOSE
(a) Whether Government`s attention has been drawn to the survey made by the National Council for Applied Economic Research (NCAER) which pointed a gloomy picture on business confidence in this country and attributed it to a poor perception of the investment climate in India; and
(b) if so, the reaction of Government thereto? ANSWER
To be answered by
(To be completed by the Parliament cell)
(c) & (b) : A statement is laid on the Table of the House. Statement referred to in reply to Rajya Sabha Starred Question No. 434 by Sh. Jibon Roy and Shri C. O. Poulose for 19.12.2000
(a): Yes, Sir. As per the 34th Round of Business Expectations Survey conducted by NCAER on the basis of a sample of 587 responses received in September‐October, 2000, the Business Confidence Index (BCI) declined to 103.6 from 118.2 in the 33rd Round. The survey also mentions that majority of the investing firms in the manufacturing sector expect their investment to add to the existing capacity and 50 percent are planning to invest to improve competitiveness. One‐third of the investing firms plan to invest in their own line of business and one‐fifth propose to enter into the Information Technology (IT) sector.
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(b): The Government is aware of the situation and is keeping a close watch on both internal and external factors. There are indications of a marginal (relative) slowdown in industrial growth in recent months for various reasons, including the sharp increase in international oil prices and a relatively weak intermediate demand. As per the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) the performance of the Capital goods and intermediate goods sector for the period April‐October 2000‐01 as compared to corresponding period of 1999‐00 is poor. However, the consumer durables, mining and basic goods sector have performed better during this period. The Government has undertaken a series of measures to boost investment confidence. These include mobilization of over US $ 5 billion through Indian Millennium Deposits (IMD), rapid reforms in key sectors such as telecom and textiles and sound fiscal management. It is expected to improve investment climate and business confidence and reverse the small slowdown registered during the first half of 2000‐01. By these and other measures we would be able to achieve satisfactory growth rates in production and investment during the second half of 2000‐ 01.
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PRIME MINISTER RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO‐1834 ANSWERED ON‐07.08.1997 LAUNCHING OF CLIMATE SATELLITE . 1834 . SHRI S. MUTHU MANI D.VENKATESHWAR RAO
(a) whether the Indian Space Research Organisation has submitted a proposal for launching climate‐ satellite; and
(b) if so, the action taken thereon to enable Government to save lives during natural calamities by advance prediction of cyclones? ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES AND PENSIONS AND MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS (SHRI S.R. BALASUBRAMONIYAN): (a) No, Sir. However, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has constituted an Expert Group for defining a satellite for climate studies ‐ CLIMATSAT Programme Definition Group ‐ for working out the technical feasibility of designing and launching such a satellite. The Committee is presently working out the payload mix, orbit, satellite configuration, etc., for the proposed satellite in close collaboration with various Indian user Organisations such as, India Meterological Department, National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting and Indian Institute of Science.
(b) Presently, the analysis of sequential cloud cover images provided by the Indian geostationary INSAT satellites, has been facilitating advanced warning on the onset of cyclones. The Disaster Warning System using additionally the communication capability of INSAT has been used to take advanced actions in relation to evacuation of people from coastal regions.
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