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A Guide to Historical Holdings In the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library SPORTS AND RECREATION Compiled by Herbert Pankratz November 2006 INTRODUCTION Materials in the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library relating to sports and recreation constitute a largely untapped resource. This special guide has been prepared to assist potential researchers in identifying pertinent primary source materials on this subject area. The guide should not be considered definitive, as the search for pertinent materials was conducted primarily at the folder title level. Most of the materials I surveyed fall into two categories—Eisenhower’s personal involvement in sports and recreation and public policies and programs which affected sports and recreation on a national level. Following World War II, increased economic prosperity, population growth, and more leisure time led to a rapid rise in public use of outdoor recreational facilities. Various government agencies sought to accommodate the increasing numbers of tourists. Annual visits to national forests increased from 27 million in 1950 to 122 million by 1963. In 1957, the Forest Service began Operation Outdoors, a five-year program to improve and expand recreational facilities in national forests. The National Park Service responded to the challenge with Mission 66, a ten-year program designed to upgrade recreational facilities in our national parks. The Park Service also undertook some significant surveys or studies of recreational areas in the U.S. from 1955 to 1960. Congress passed legislation to encourage the development of recreational facilities. The Recreation and Public Purposes Act of 1956 (HR 1815I) permitted the sale or lease of federal lands for recreational purposes. Professional sports were very popular in the 1950s, and Congress made several efforts to exempt professional leagues from anti-trust laws. Hearings were held in 1957, 1958, and 1960, and bills to exempt professional baseball, basketball, football, and hockey from anti-trust legislation were considered but never passed. Dwight D. Eisenhower was active in sports and athletic competition throughout his life. As a youth in Kansas, he helped organize the Abilene High School Athletic Association, and he played varsity football and baseball at Abilene High. Fishing and hunting were two additional activities he engaged in as a boy. At West Point Eisenhower became involved in football, baseball, and boxing. In his sophomore year, he played as a halfback against Carlisle College and their famous athlete, Jim Thorpe. However, a knee injury during his second year ended his days as a player. After the injury, he helped coach the junior varsity football team at West Point, and in later years, he coached Army post football teams. While attending the Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, he developed an interest in the sport of golf. Later in life, he became a very serious player. During the eight years he was President, he played about eight hundred rounds of golf. He corresponded with professional golfers, such as Arnold Palmer and Bobby Jones, about his game, and he even had the swing weights of his clubs tested and adjusted on a number of occasions. Fishing, hunting, and shooting remained favorite sports of Dwight Eisenhower throughout his adult life. He joined his brothers on a family fishing and camping trip to Wisconsin in July and August 1946. During his presidency, he fished in Florida, Rhode Island, Maine, South Dakota, Georgia, Maryland, and Colorado. Hunting quail near Thomasville, Georgia and skeet shooting at the presidential retreat, Camp David, were additional activities, which President Eisenhower enjoyed. Although we are most familiar with Eisenhower’s outdoor recreational activities, he also enjoyed table games, such as bridge and poker. During his presidency, he maintained a keen interest in baseball and football, and he attended a number of games as a spectator. Occasionally he sent congratulations to major league players who had outstanding games. During his post-presidential years, Eisenhower continued to be an active sportsman and an avid fan as long as his health permitted. In 1968, less than fourteen months before his death, he realized the life-long dream of every golfer. He scored a hole-in-one. Dwight D. Eisenhower Library Abilene, Kansas 67410 Herb Pankratz Archivist November 2006 MANUSCRIPT COLLECTIONS Anderson, Robert B.: Papers, 1933-89 Box 26 Miscellaneous (7) [White House Mess, Camp Shangri La, presidential yachts] Box 28 Navy League (1)(2) [athletic facilities at Naval Academy] Box 91 White House (Personal)(1)(2) [use of White House swimming pool] Box 92 Abercrombie & Fitch (1)-(3) [proposed sale of sporting Goods Company] Box 236 Dallas Athletic Club Box 246 Indian Harbor Yacht Club Box 246 Landikagama Fish and Game Club Box 258 Rodeo Cowboys Association Box 343 Reading File, July-Dec. 1967 (1)-(4) [D.C. amusement park] Aurand, Evan P.: Papers, 1938-72 Series I. Early Military Career, 1938-1957 Box 3 Gunn Bros., Game Farm [hunting quail] Box 14 VF-51 Fighter Squadron 51—National Air Races, Sept. 5, 1948 Series II. Naval Aide to the President, 1957-1961 Box 7 W (1)(2) [Camp David ski run; cruise on Potomac River; fishing; football; air races] Box 7 Reading File, Aug. 16, 1958-Sept. 26, 1958 [mission of Camp David] Box 8 Reading File, Nov. 20, 1958-Dec. 29, 1958 [presidential boats] Box 8 Reading File, Mar. 6, 1959-Apr. 30, 1959 [presidential boats & helicopters; Camp David] Box 8 Reading File, Jan. 5, 1960-April 24, 1960 [presidential boats] Box 8 Reading File, May 6-Sept. 6, 1960 [Camp David; golf carts] Box 8 Reading File, Sept. 7-Oct. 11, 1960 [cruise on Potomac; golf] Box 19 People-to-People Program, Morocco (1)(2) [Navy program for People-to-People, includes references to golf, baseball, football, and basketball] Box 20 “Susie E.,” Presidential Cabin Cruiser Series III. Later Military Career, 1961-72 Box 11 Barbers Point Navy Flying Club Bacon, Edward A.: Papers, 1896-1968 Box 36 Certificate of Catch, the Panama Rod and Reel Club for a Sailfish, July 16, 1954 Box 36 Certificate-National Rifle Assoc. Box 36 Certificate-Milton Academy, “M” for Football and Track Beach, Edward L.: Papers, 1935-62 Box 12 Correspondence-Army-Navy Country Club Beach, Edward L. and Evan P. Aurand: Records, 1953-1961 Box 1 President Eisenhower’s Trip to Bermuda. March 1957- Messages and Correspondence, (1)-(4) [playing golf] Box 9 President’s Visit to the USS Williamsburg, Mar. 26, 1953 [presidential yacht] Boxes 9-11 Eisenhower’s Visit to U.S. Naval Base, Newport, R.I., Sept. 4-30, 1957…..[several folders with scattered materials on recreational pursuits, including golf and fishing, of the first family and friends and high government officials] Box 12 Army-Navy Lightweight Football Game, Oct. 26, 1957 (1)(2) Box 12 President Eisenhower’s Visit to U.S. Naval Base, Newport, R.I., Aug. 29-Sept. 23, 1958-Correspondence (1)(2) [information on fishing] Box 13 President Eisenhower’s Visit to U.S. Naval Base, Newport, R.I., Aug. 29-Sept. 23, 1958-Cruise on Destroyer Mitscher [America’s Cup races] Box 13 President Eisenhower’s Visit to U.S. Naval Base, Newport, R.I., Aug. 29-Sept. 23, 1958-Secret Service Reports [daily activities; golf; fishing; boating; America’s Cup races] Box 13 President Eisenhower’s Visit to U.S. Naval Base, Newport, R. I., Aug. 29-Sept. 23, 1958-Recreation [cruise on destroyer; fishing trip; staff motorboats] Boxes 15-16 Eisenhower’s Visit to U.S. Naval Base, Newport, R.I., July 7-Aug. 7, 1960 [several folders with information on First Family’s recreational activities, including golf and hunting] Box 15 Eisenhower’s Visit to U.S. Naval Base, Newport, R.I. July 7-Aug. 7, 1960-Secret Service Reports [golf at Newport Country Club; boating; fishing; skeet shooting] Box 16 Eisenhower’s Visit to U.S. Naval Base, Newport, R. I., July 7-Aug. 7, 1960-Recreational and Social Activities [information on local golf courses; score card] Box 20 Fishing Areas in Maryland Box 21 People-to-People Program [goodwill missions by U.S. Navy ships include some sports events] Box 21 President F. D. Roosevelt’s Sailing Sloop Bennett, Elmer F.: Papers, 1953-61 Box 1 Briefing Book on Current Issues-Dept. of Interior (1)-(6) [sections on recreation and fish and wildlife] Box 19 Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission (1)-(3) Box 21 Personal Book VI (Oct. 1958-Apr. 1959) (1)-(5) [Colorado Fish and Game Commission] Bortman, Mark: Papers, 1956-1967 Box 3 Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H. [trip to Scotland to play rugby] Note: There are probably additional references to sports in this collection, since it is all on the People-to-People Program. Brownell, Herbert, Jr.: Papers, 1877-1996 Box 274 SBRA Baseball and Boys Go Together, Aug. 1953 Cochran, Jacqueline: Papers, 1932-75 General Files Series Box 2 London-Melbourne Air Race 1934 Cables General (1)-(5) Box 3 London-Melbourne Air Race 1934 Cables Fueling Arrangements;…Hangar Arrangements Box 5 Miami Air Races, 1938 Box 5 NAA 1938 (1)(2) [air races] Box 5 National Air Races 1938 (1)(2) Box 6 Bendix Air Race, 1939 Box 8 Collier Trophy, 1940 (1)-(4) Box 9 Howard Hughes Racer 1940 Box 10 National Air Races 1946 Boxes 11-46 Additional files on air races Box 58 Golf Scores, 1954 Box 58 Golf Shop and Caddy Fees, 1952-54 Box 69 Golf 1955 Box 95 Golf 1958 Box 95 Golf Cart, Permission to use on Golf Courses, 1958 Box 103 Golf 1959 Box 103 Golf Carts 1958-59 (1)(2) Box 115 Golf 1960 (1)(2) Box 124 Golf 1961 (1)-(3) Box 132 Clubs: Golf, 1962 (1)(2) Box 133 Golf 1962 Box 133 Golf Scores, Dec.
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