COS 360 Programming Languages Formal Semantics
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Obituary: Amir Pnueli, 1941–2009 Krzysztof R. Apt and Lenore D. Zuck
Obituary: Amir Pnueli, 1941–2009 Krzysztof R. Apt and Lenore D. Zuck Amir Pnueli was born in Nahalal, Israel, on April 22, 1941 and passed away in New York City on November 2, 2009 as a result of a brain hemorrhage. Amir founded the computer science department in Tel-Aviv University in 1973. In 1981 he joined the department of mathematical sciences at the Weiz- mann Institute of Science, where he spent most of his career and where he held the Estrin family chair. In recent years, Amir was a faculty member at New York University where he was a NYU Silver Professor. Throughout his career, in spite of an impressive list of achievements, Amir remained an extremely modest and selfless researcher. His unique combination of excellence and integrity has set the tone in the large community of researchers working on specification and verification of programs and systems, program semantics and automata theory. Amir was devoid of any arrogance and those who knew him as a young promising researcher were struck how he maintained his modesty throughout his career. Amir has been an active and extremely hard working researcher till the last moment. His sudden death left those who knew him in a state of shock and disbelief. For his achievements Amir received the 1996 ACM Turing Award. The citation reads: “For seminal work introducing temporal logic into computing science and for outstanding contributions to program and system verification.” Amir also received, for his contributions, the 2000 Israel Award in the area of exact sciences. More recently, in 2007, he shared the ACM Software System Award. -
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Nir Piterman, Associate Professor Coordinates Email: fi[email protected] Homepage: www.cs.le.ac.uk/people/np183 Phone: +44-XX-XXXX-XXXX Research Interests My research area is formal verification. I am especially interested in algorithms for model checking and design synthesis. A major part of my work is on the automata-theoretic approach to verification and especially to model checking. I am also working on applications of formal methods to biological modeling. Qualifications Oct. 2000 { Mar. 2005 Ph.D. in the Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathe- matics at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. • Research Area: Formal Verification. • Thesis: Verification of Infinite-State Systems. • Supervisor: Prof. Amir Pnueli. Oct. 1998 { Oct. 2000 M.Sc. in the Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathe- matics at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. • Research Area: Formal Verification. • Thesis: Extending Temporal Logic with !-Automata. • Supervisor: Prof. Amir Pnueli and Prof. Moshe Vardi. Oct. 1994 { June 1997 B.Sc. in Mathematics and Computer Science in the Hebrew Univer- sity, Jerusalem, Israel. Academic Employment Mar. 2019 { Present Senior Lecturer/Associate Professor in the Department of Com- puter Science and Engineering in University of Gothenburg. Oct. 2012 { Feb. 2019 Reader/Associate Professor in the Department of Informatics in University of Leicester. Oct. 2010 { Sep. 2012 Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science in University of Leicester. Aug. 2007 { Sep. 2010 Research Associate in the Department of Computing in Imperial College London. Host: Dr. Michael Huth Oct. 2004 { July 2007 PostDoc in the school of Computer and Communication Sciences at the Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´eralede Lausanne. -
A Networked Robotic System and Its Use in an Oil Spill Monitoring Exercise
A Networked Robotic System and its Use in an Oil Spill Monitoring Exercise El´oiPereira∗† Co-authors: Pedro Silvay, Clemens Krainerz, Christoph Kirschz, Jos´eMorgadoy, and Raja Sengupta∗ cpcc.berkeley.edu, eloipereira.com [email protected] Swarm at the Edge of the Could - ESWeek'13, Montreal, Canada September 29, 2013 ∗ - Systems Engineering, UC Berkeley y - Research Center, Portuguese Air Force Academy z - Computer Science Dept., University of Salzburg Programming the Ubiquitous World • In networked mobile systems (e.g. teams of robots, smartphones, etc.) the location and connectivity of \machines" may vary during the execution of its \programs" (computation specifications) • We investigate models for bridging \programs" and \machines" with dynamic structure (location and connectivity) • BigActors [PKSBdS13, PPKS13, PS13] are actors [Agh86] hosted by entities of the physical structure denoted as bigraph nodes [Mil09] E. Pereira, C. M. Kirsch, R. Sengupta, and J. B. de Sousa, \Bigactors - A Model for Structure-aware Computation," in ACM/IEEE 4th International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems, 2013, pp. 199-208. Case study: Oil spill monitoring scenario • \Bilge dumping" is an environmental problem of great relevance for countries with large area of jurisdictional waters • EC created the European Maritime Safety Agency to \...prevent and respond to pollution by ships within the EU" • How to use networked robotics to monitor and take evidences of \bilge dumping" Figure: Portuguese Jurisdiction waters and evidences of \Bilge dumping". -
The Best Nurturers in Computer Science Research
The Best Nurturers in Computer Science Research Bharath Kumar M. Y. N. Srikant IISc-CSA-TR-2004-10 http://archive.csa.iisc.ernet.in/TR/2004/10/ Computer Science and Automation Indian Institute of Science, India October 2004 The Best Nurturers in Computer Science Research Bharath Kumar M.∗ Y. N. Srikant† Abstract The paper presents a heuristic for mining nurturers in temporally organized collaboration networks: people who facilitate the growth and success of the young ones. Specifically, this heuristic is applied to the computer science bibliographic data to find the best nurturers in computer science research. The measure of success is parameterized, and the paper demonstrates experiments and results with publication count and citations as success metrics. Rather than just the nurturer’s success, the heuristic captures the influence he has had in the indepen- dent success of the relatively young in the network. These results can hence be a useful resource to graduate students and post-doctoral can- didates. The heuristic is extended to accurately yield ranked nurturers inside a particular time period. Interestingly, there is a recognizable deviation between the rankings of the most successful researchers and the best nurturers, which although is obvious from a social perspective has not been statistically demonstrated. Keywords: Social Network Analysis, Bibliometrics, Temporal Data Mining. 1 Introduction Consider a student Arjun, who has finished his under-graduate degree in Computer Science, and is seeking a PhD degree followed by a successful career in Computer Science research. How does he choose his research advisor? He has the following options with him: 1. Look up the rankings of various universities [1], and apply to any “rea- sonably good” professor in any of the top universities. -
Toward a Mathematical Semantics for Computer Languages
(! 1 J TOWARD A MATHEMATICAL SEMANTICS FOR COMPUTER LANGUAGES by Dana Scott and - Christopher Strachey Oxford University Computing Laboratory Programming Research Group-Library 8-11 Keble Road Oxford OX, 3QD Oxford (0865) 54141 Oxford University Computing Laboratory Programming Research Group tI. cr• "';' """, ":.\ ' OXFORD UNIVERSITY COMPUTING LABORATORY PROGRAMMING RESEARCH GROUP ~ 4S BANBURY ROAD \LJ OXFORD ~ .. 4 OCT 1971 ~In (UY'Y L TOWARD A ~ATHEMATICAL SEMANTICS FOR COMPUTER LANGUAGES by Dana Scott Princeton University and Christopher Strachey Oxford University Technical Monograph PRG-6 August 1971 Oxford University Computing Laboratory. Programming Research Group, 45 Banbury Road, Oxford. ~ 1971 Dana Scott and Christopher Strachey Department of Philosophy, Oxford University Computing Laboratory. 1879 lIall, Programming Research Group. Princeton University, 45 Banbury Road. Princeton. New Jersey 08540. Oxford OX2 6PE. This pape r is also to appear in Fl'(.'ceedinBs 0;- the .';y-,;;;o:illT:: on ComputeT's and AutoJ7'ata. lo-licroloo'ave Research Institute Symposia Series Volume 21. Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. and appears as a Technical Monograph by special aJ"rangement ...·ith the publishers. RefeJ"~nces in the Ii terature should be:- made to the _"!'OL·,-,',~;r:gs, as the texts are identical and the Symposia Sl?ries is gcaerally available in libraries. ABSTRACT Compilers for high-level languages aTe generally constructed to give the complete translation of the programs into machme language. As machines merely juggle bit patterns, the concepts of the original language may be lost or at least obscured during this passage. The purpose of a mathematical semantics is to give a correct and meaningful correspondence between programs and mathematical entities in a way that is entirely independent of an implementation. -
Why Mathematical Proof?
Why Mathematical Proof? Dana S. Scott, FBA, FNAS University Professor Emeritus Carnegie Mellon University Visiting Scholar University of California, Berkeley NOTICE! The author has plagiarized text and graphics from innumerable publications and sites, and he has failed to record attributions! But, as this lecture is intended as an entertainment and is not intended for publication, he regards such copying, therefore, as “fair use”. Keep this quiet, and do please forgive him. A Timeline for Geometry Some Greek Geometers Thales of Miletus (ca. 624 – 548 BC). Pythagoras of Samos (ca. 580 – 500 BC). Plato (428 – 347 BC). Archytas (428 – 347 BC). Theaetetus (ca. 417 – 369 BC). Eudoxus of Cnidus (ca. 408 – 347 BC). Aristotle (384 – 322 BC). Euclid (ca. 325 – ca. 265 BC). Archimedes of Syracuse (ca. 287 – ca. 212 BC). Apollonius of Perga (ca. 262 – ca. 190 BC). Claudius Ptolemaeus (Ptolemy)(ca. 90 AD – ca. 168 AD). Diophantus of Alexandria (ca. 200 – 298 AD). Pappus of Alexandria (ca. 290 – ca. 350 AD). Proclus Lycaeus (412 – 485 AD). There is no Royal Road to Geometry Euclid of Alexandria ca. 325 — ca. 265 BC Euclid taught at Alexandria in the time of Ptolemy I Soter, who reigned over Egypt from 323 to 285 BC. He authored the most successful textbook ever produced — and put his sources into obscurity! Moreover, he made us struggle with proofs ever since. Why Has Euclidean Geometry Been So Successful? • Our naive feeling for space is Euclidean. • Its methods have been very useful. • Euclid also shows us a mysterious connection between (visual) intuition and proof. The Pythagorean Theorem Euclid's Elements: Proposition 47 of Book 1 The Pythagorean Theorem Generalized If it holds for one Three triple, Similar it holds Figures for all. -
The Space and Motion of Communicating Agents
The space and motion of communicating agents Robin Milner December 1, 2008 ii to my family: Lucy, Barney, Chloe,¨ and in memory of Gabriel iv Contents Prologue vii Part I : Space 1 1 The idea of bigraphs 3 2 Defining bigraphs 15 2.1 Bigraphsandtheirassembly . 15 2.2 Mathematicalframework . 19 2.3 Bigraphicalcategories . 24 3 Algebra for bigraphs 27 3.1 Elementarybigraphsandnormalforms. 27 3.2 Derivedoperations ........................... 31 4 Relative and minimal bounds 37 5 Bigraphical structure 43 5.1 RPOsforbigraphs............................ 43 5.2 IPOsinbigraphs ............................ 48 5.3 AbstractbigraphslackRPOs . 53 6 Sorting 55 6.1 PlacesortingandCCS ......................... 55 6.2 Linksorting,arithmeticnetsandPetrinets . ..... 60 6.3 Theimpactofsorting .......................... 64 Part II : Motion 66 7 Reactions and transitions 67 7.1 Reactivesystems ............................ 68 7.2 Transitionsystems ........................... 71 7.3 Subtransitionsystems .. .... ... .... .... .... .... 76 v vi CONTENTS 7.4 Abstracttransitionsystems . 77 8 Bigraphical reactive systems 81 8.1 DynamicsforaBRS .......................... 82 8.2 DynamicsforaniceBRS.... ... .... .... .... ... .. 87 9 Behaviour in link graphs 93 9.1 Arithmeticnets ............................. 93 9.2 Condition-eventnets .. .... ... .... .... .... ... .. 95 10 Behavioural theory for CCS 103 10.1 SyntaxandreactionsforCCSinbigraphs . 103 10.2 TransitionsforCCSinbigraphs . 107 Part III : Development 113 11 Further topics 115 11.1Tracking................................ -
The Origins of Structural Operational Semantics
The Origins of Structural Operational Semantics Gordon D. Plotkin Laboratory for Foundations of Computer Science, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Scotland I am delighted to see my Aarhus notes [59] on SOS, Structural Operational Semantics, published as part of this special issue. The notes already contain some historical remarks, but the reader may be interested to know more of the personal intellectual context in which they arose. I must straightaway admit that at this distance in time I do not claim total accuracy or completeness: what I write should rather be considered as a reconstruction, based on (possibly faulty) memory, papers, old notes and consultations with colleagues. As a postgraduate I learnt the untyped λ-calculus from Rod Burstall. I was further deeply impressed by the work of Peter Landin on the semantics of pro- gramming languages [34–37] which includes his abstract SECD machine. One should also single out John McCarthy’s contributions [45–48], which include his 1962 introduction of abstract syntax, an essential tool, then and since, for all approaches to the semantics of programming languages. The IBM Vienna school [42, 41] were interested in specifying real programming languages, and, in particular, worked on an abstract interpreting machine for PL/I using VDL, their Vienna Definition Language; they were influenced by the ideas of McCarthy, Landin and Elgot [18]. I remember attending a seminar at Edinburgh where the intricacies of their PL/I abstract machine were explained. The states of these machines are tuples of various kinds of complex trees and there is also a stack of environments; the transition rules involve much tree traversal to access syntactical control points, handle jumps, and to manage concurrency. -
Curriculum Vitae Thomas A
Curriculum Vitae Thomas A. Henzinger February 6, 2021 Address IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria) Phone: +43 2243 9000 1033 Am Campus 1 Fax: +43 2243 9000 2000 A-3400 Klosterneuburg Email: [email protected] Austria Web: pub.ist.ac.at/~tah Research Mathematical logic, automata and game theory, models of computation. Analysis of reactive, stochastic, real-time, and hybrid systems. Formal software and hardware verification, especially model checking. Design and implementation of concurrent and embedded software. Executable modeling of biological systems. Education September 1991 Ph.D., Computer Science Stanford University July 1987 Dipl.-Ing., Computer Science Kepler University, Linz August 1986 M.S., Computer and Information Sciences University of Delaware Employment September 2009 President IST Austria April 2004 to Adjunct Professor, University of California, June 2011 Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Berkeley April 2004 to Professor, EPFL August 2009 Computer and Communication Sciences January 1999 to Director Max-Planck Institute March 2000 for Computer Science, Saarbr¨ucken July 1998 to Professor, University of California, March 2004 Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Berkeley July 1997 to Associate Professor, University of California, June 1998 Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Berkeley January 1996 to Assistant Professor, University of California, June 1997 Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Berkeley January 1992 to Assistant Professor, Cornell University December 1996 Computer Science October 1991 to Postdoctoral Scientist, Universit´eJoseph Fourier, December 1991 IMAG Laboratory Grenoble 1 Honors Member, US National Academy of Sciences, 2020. Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2020. ESWEEK (Embedded Systems Week) Test-of-Time Award, 2020. LICS (Logic in Computer Science) Test-of-Time Award, 2020. -
Sooner Is Safer Than Later Department of Computer Science
May 1991 Report No. STAN-CS-91-1360 Sooner is Safer Than Later bY Thomas A. Henzinger Department of Computer Science Stanford University Stanford, California 94305 f- Awwtd REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE ma No. 07044188 rt8d to wwq8 I how ou r-. lncllJdlng the ttm8 for nvmwlng tn8uuctl -. wrrtruq 82lsung e8t8 wurcg% Wv*lnQ th8 cOlM(0n Of dormatlon Sand comrrmo I ‘-‘9 th* -om mmate Q arty otwr m ol tha bwdm. to Wnkqtoft ~*dourrtw~ Sewc~. Duator8toT or tnformrt8oe ooer0tm aw v, 121~ - O(cltr of Muwgrmw wbd beget. ?8oemon adato + @~o*olI(i. Woahington. DC 2oSO3. I. AGENCY USE ONLY (Lea- bhd) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED s/28 p?( I. TITLE AND SulTlTLt 5. FUNDING NUMbERI SomEFz, 15 BIER T&W L-Am 1. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS 8. PERFORMING ORGANJZATION REPORT NUMIER jhpx OF- CO~PU’i-ER scii&E STANWD I)tdfhzs’;p/ . 5q-JWFi3RD) CA 9&S I. SPONSORING I’ MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS 10. SPONSORING / MONlTORiNG AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 3ARi’A bJQx39 - 84 c - 020 fd&XW, VA 2220~ I 1. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES . 12r. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT lib. DiStRlBUfiON CODE urjL?M:m E. ABSTRACT (Maxrmum 200 words) Abstract. It has been repeatedly observed that the standard safety-liveness classification of properties of reactive systems does not fit for real-time proper- ties. This is because the implicit “liveness” of time shifts the spectrum towards the safety side. While, for example, response - that “something good” will happen, eventually - is a classical liveness property, bounded response - that “something good” will happen soon, within a certain amount of time - has many characteristics of safety. -
Purely Functional Data Structures
Purely Functional Data Structures Chris Okasaki September 1996 CMU-CS-96-177 School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Thesis Committee: Peter Lee, Chair Robert Harper Daniel Sleator Robert Tarjan, Princeton University Copyright c 1996 Chris Okasaki This research was sponsored by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) under Contract No. F19628- 95-C-0050. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of ARPA or the U.S. Government. Keywords: functional programming, data structures, lazy evaluation, amortization For Maria Abstract When a C programmer needs an efficient data structure for a particular prob- lem, he or she can often simply look one up in any of a number of good text- books or handbooks. Unfortunately, programmers in functional languages such as Standard ML or Haskell do not have this luxury. Although some data struc- tures designed for imperative languages such as C can be quite easily adapted to a functional setting, most cannot, usually because they depend in crucial ways on as- signments, which are disallowed, or at least discouraged, in functional languages. To address this imbalance, we describe several techniques for designing functional data structures, and numerous original data structures based on these techniques, including multiple variations of lists, queues, double-ended queues, and heaps, many supporting more exotic features such as random access or efficient catena- tion. In addition, we expose the fundamental role of lazy evaluation in amortized functional data structures. -
Insight, Inspiration and Collaboration
Chapter 1 Insight, inspiration and collaboration C. B. Jones, A. W. Roscoe Abstract Tony Hoare's many contributions to computing science are marked by insight that was grounded in practical programming. Many of his papers have had a profound impact on the evolution of our field; they have moreover provided a source of inspiration to several generations of researchers. We examine the development of his work through a review of the development of some of his most influential pieces of work such as Hoare logic, CSP and Unifying Theories. 1.1 Introduction To many who know Tony Hoare only through his publications, they must often look like polished gems that come from a mind that rarely makes false steps, nor even perhaps has to work at their creation. As so often, this impres- sion is a further compliment to someone who actually adds to very hard work and many discarded attempts the final polish that makes complex ideas rel- atively easy for the reader to comprehend. As indicated on page xi of [HJ89], his ideas typically go through many revisions. The two authors of the current paper each had the honour of Tony Hoare supervising their doctoral studies in Oxford. They know at first hand his kind and generous style and will count it as an achievement if this paper can convey something of the working style of someone big enough to eschew competition and point scoring. Indeed it will be apparent from the following sections how often, having started some new way of thinking or exciting ideas, he happily leaves their exploration and development to others.