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Open AFLAS ® Technical Data Leaflet Contents 1.Introduction 1. Introduction 1 Since the arrival of VdF-HFP based elastomer (FKM) in the 1950s, a variety of fluoroelastomers have been 2. Commercial Polymer developed and commercialized. In 1975 a new fluoroelastomer family, based on an alternating copolymer of TFE and propylene (FEPM) was introduced by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd, under the trade name AFLAS®. Types and AFLAS® Grades 2 The polymer structure of AFLAS® gives unique properties in that it offers excellent heat resistance with a continuous 3. Properties of AFLAS® 3 service temperature of 200℃ and a maximum peak exposure temperature of 250℃, outstanding chemical 4. Standard Formulation resistance with no or little deterioration even in contact with strong acids and bases at high temperatures and high and Vulcanisation 4 15 16 electrical resistivity of the order of 10 ～10 Ω･cm. AFLAS® is used worldwide in many industrial fields where rubber 5. Heat Resistance 6 components come into contact with harsh environments. 6. Acid/Base Resistance 7 Reflecting the recent trend of increasing power in automotive engines, the use of high performance engine oils is 7. Other Chemical Resistance 10 now essential to cope with increasing engine temperatures. These engine oils are heavily formulated with amine- 8. Oil Resistance 12 based additives and therefore elastomer components are now required to have greater heat and engine oil resistance than previously experienced. Therefore AFLAS® has been attracting more attention as a material which 9. Electrical Properties 17 can survive in such harsh conditions. 10. Other Properties 18 AFLAS® has been finding new applications in wire & cable industries as an elastomeric insulating material with the 11. Typical Applications 20 highest heat resistance. ●Structure and Features of AFLAS® Strong AFLAS® 100 (CF2CF2) l (CH2CH)m AFLAS® 150 AFLAS® 300 CH3 FEPM Fluoroelastomer (CF2CF2) l (CH2CH)m(CF2CH2)n AFLAS® 200 CH3 Alkaline/Amine Electrical Steam Resistance Insulation Resistance (CF2CF2) x (CF2 CF) y (CF2CH2)z Terpolymer CF3 FKM (CF2 CF) y (CF2CH2)z Dipolymer CF3 Weak ●Overview of Properties Heat Resistance Electrical Resistivity Steam Resistance 1 2 3 4 5 Oil Resistance Acid Resistance AFLAS® FKM Base Resistance 1 2.Commercial Polymer Types and AFLAS® Grades 3.Properties Commercial AFLAS® polymers are classified into three types; TFE-P dipolymer type (AFLAS®100 and 150 grades), TFE- ●Solubility of AFLAS® Raw Polymer P-VdF terpolymer type (AFLAS®200 grade) and TFE-P-CSM terpolymer type (AFLAS®300 grade). Working and stirring the polymer above room temperature makes AFLAS® soluble in tetrahydrofuran (17). AFLAS®100 and 150 grades are high performance fluoroelastomers with excellent base resistance and electrical Although the polymer swells in low-polar chlorine or aromatic solvents, it swells only negligibly in solvents with a resistivity due to the polymer structure which is totally different from FKM. AFLAS®200 has improved low- solubility parameter of more than 10. AFLAS®200P polymer swells and dissolves in both methylethylketone (15) and temperature properties. AFLAS®300 has improved curability and extrusion processability with its special termonomer. acetonitrile (8). It also gives low die-swell, good dimensional stability of moulded parts and smooth surface finish. AFLAS® FKM Below are the polymer grades currently available. These are mainly classified according to Storage Modulus, G’(as determined by a rubber process analyser) which is representative of molecular weight. Each AFLAS® grade is suited to a particular type of application such as wire insulation and oil seals. Immersion Conditions ; R.T.×48hrs (outside) : volume increase of less than 20% (inside) : volume increase of more than 20% but less than 100% Dipole Moment (D.U.) Dipole Moment (D.U.) ●Grade Range (inside) : volume increase of more than 100% ● : polymer soluble Polymer Structure TFE-P TFE-P-VdF TFE-P-CSM Grade 100H 100S 150P 150E 150L 150C 150CS 200P 300S Solubility Parameter (S.P.) Solubility Parameter (S.P.) Specific Gravity 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.55 1.60 1.55 1 CH3CONH2 6 C2H5OH 11 CH3COCH2COCH3 16 CH3COOC2H5 21 CH3(i-C4H9)CO Acetamide Ethanol Acetylacetone Ethylacetate 4-Methyl,2-Pentanone Fluorine Content 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 60 57 (%) 2 CH3OH 7 HCON(CH3)2 12 C5H5N 17 C4H8O 22 CH3CCI3 Storage Modulus, G’ 500 340 240 160 80 490 390 220 380 Methanol N,N-Dimethylformamide Pyridine Tetrahydrofuran 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (RPA 100℃, 50cpm) ----- 160 ----- ----- 3 HOC2H4OH 8 CH3CN 13 (CH3)2CO 18 C2HCI3 23 c-C6H12 Mooney Viscosity 95 60 35 140 90 Ethylene Glycol Acetonitrile Acetone Trichloroethylene Cyclohexane (ML1+10, 100℃) ----- 115 ----- ----- Mooney Viscosity 70 45 100 65 120 4 (CH3)2SO 9 n-C4H9OH 14 CS2 19 C6H6 24 (i-C3H7)2O (ML1+10, 121℃) Dimethylsulfoxide 1-Buthanol Carbondisulphate Benzene Diisopropylether Glass Transition Point -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -13 -3 (℃) 5 CH3NO2 10 CH2CHCN 15 CH3(C2H5)CO 20 C6H5CH3 25 n-C7H16 Nitromethane Acrylonitrile Methylethylketone Toluene Heptane Appearance Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown White White Yellow White Cure Type Peroxide Peroxide Peroxide Peroxide Peroxide Electron Electron Peroxide Peroxide Cure Cure Cure Cure Cure Beam Cure Beam Cure Cure Cure Features High High General Extrusion Lining Extrusion Extrusion For Low Extrusion ●Heat Resistance Strength Strength Temp AFLAS® provides excellent thermal stability. The copolymer only starts to decompose in open-air or nitrogen gas at 400℃. The composition ratio of the copolymer is TFE/P=55/45. This is why AFLAS® has excellent heat stability. ■Typical Thermogravimetric Curves Thermal decomposition temperature (TGA, heating rate 5℃/min) 415℃ N2 Air Weight Loss (%) Weight Temperature(℃) 2 3 4.Standard Formulation and Vulcanisation ●MT-Carbon Loading vs. Physical Properties AFLAS® can be compounded by conventional processing equipment, such as Banbury mixers and open 2-roll mills. Carbon Carbon AFLAS®150P Carbon Carbon 10phr 20phr 40phr 50phr Various articles can be produced by means of compression moulding, extrusion, injection moulding and Standard Formulation Formulation AFLAS® 150P 100 100 100 100 100 calendaring. AFLAS®100, 150, 200 and 300 are vulcanised by organic peroxides with the aid of an appropriate co- MT-Carbon(N990) 10 20 30 40 50 agent, such as TAIC (triallylisocyanurate). TAIC* 5 5 5 5 5 Peroxide A** 1 1 1 1 1 Sodium Stearate 1 1 1 1 1 ●Standard Formulations and Properties Mooney Viscosity ML1+4 49 54 58 61 69 (121℃) ML1+10 43 47 51 56 64 AFLAS®100H AFLAS®100S AFLAS®150PAFLAS®150E AFLAS®200P AFLAS®300S RPA t10(min) 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 Formulation Polymer 100 100 100 100 100 100 (177℃×12min, t90(min) 6.8 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.0 MT-Carbon (N990) 30 30 30 30 25 25 Frequency:3) MH(dNm) 34.8 38.5 40.3 43.4 46.3 TAIC* 5 5 5 5 5 3 ML(dNm) 4.6 5.1 5.6 5.9 6.4 Peroxide A** 1 1 1 1 1 ----- Peroxide B*** ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- 1. 5 Properties*** Tensile Strength (MPa) 16 17 17 17 17 MgO (highly active) ----- ----- ----- ----- 3 ----- Tensile Elongation (%) 360 320 280 260 210 Sodium Stearate 1 1 1 1 1 ----- 100% Modulus (MPa) 2.3 3.8 5.0 7.5 9.5 Zinc Stearate ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- 1 Hardness (ShoreA) 63 67 70 75 80 Mooney Viscosity ML1+4 122 93 58 38 79 99 Specific Gravity 1.54 1.57 1.59 1.60 1.62 (121℃) ML1+10 114 85 51 35 74 97 Compression Set (%, 200℃×70hrs) 29 29 29 28 29 Compression Set (%, 200℃×22hrs) 20 21 19 18 17 Cure Press Cure 170℃/20min 170℃/20min 170℃/20min 170℃/20min 170℃/20min 170℃/20min Condition Post Cure 200℃/4hrs 200℃/4hrs 200℃/4hrs 200℃/4hrs 230℃/24hrs 230℃/16hrs * triallylisocyanurate (100%liquid) ** 1,3Bis (t-buthylperoxy isopropyl) benzene (100%active) Properties Tensile Strength (MPa) 21 20 17 13 18 13 *** Cure condition : 170℃×20min press cure + 200℃×4hrs post cure Tensile Elongation (%) 300 230 280 360 270 220 100% Modulus (MPa) 6 7 5 5 5 4 Hardness (ShoreA) 72 72 70 70 69 67 Compression Set (%, 200℃×70hrs) 35 26 29 32 23 29 * triallylisocyanurate (100%liquid) ●Suitable Co-agents and Peroxides ** 1,3Bis (t-buthylperoxy isopropyl) benzene (100%active) *** Di t-buthylperoxide (100%active) A number of peroxides and co-agents can be used to obtain the desired properties. AFLAS®150P AFLAS®150P AFLAS®150P Not Not ●Cure Curve by Rubber Process Analyser Standard Formulation Standard Formulation Standard Formulation Suitable Suitable (Example1) (Example2) (Example3) (Example1) (Example2) RPA 2000 Formulation AFLAS®150P 100 100 100 100 100 MT-Carbon (N990) 30 30 30 30 30 70 TAIC* 5 5 ----- 5 5 AFLAS®100H TAIC 60% Active Powder** ----- ----- 8.3 ----- ----- Peroxide A*** 1 ----- 1 ----- ----- 60 ----- ----- ----- AFLAS®100S Peroxide A 40%active**** 2.5 1 Peroxide C***** ----- ----- ----- ----- 2 Sodium Stearate 1 1 1 1 1 50 AFLAS®150P Cure Condition Press Cure 170℃/20min 170℃/20min 170℃/20min 170℃/20min 170℃/20min ） ® Post Cure 200℃/4hrs 200℃/4hrs 200℃/4hrs 200℃/4hrs 200℃/4hrs 40 AFLAS 150E Properties*** Tensile Strength (MPa) 17 ←Equivalent ←Equivalent 13 14 dNm AFLAS®200P Tensile Elongation (%) 280 ←Equivalent ←Equivalent 350 350 （ S' 30 100% Modulus (MPa) 5 ←Equivalent ←Equivalent 4.5 4.6 AFLAS®300S Hardness (ShoreA) 70 ←Equivalent ←Equivalent 72 71 Compression Set (%, 200℃×70hrs) 29 Equivalent Equivalent 41 39 20 ← ← * triallylisocyanurate (100%liquid) ** triallylisocyanurate (60%powder) *** 1,3Bis (t-buthylperoxy isopropyl) benzene (100%active) 10 **** 1,3Bis (t-buthylperoxy isopropyl) benzene (40%active) ***** 2,3 dimethyl 2,5 di(t-buthylperoxy) hexane 0 024681012 Time（min） 4 5 5.Heat Resistance 6.Acid and Base Resistance AFLAS® has excellent heat resistance with a continuous service temperature of 200℃ and a maximum peak AFLAS® has excellent resistance to high concentrations of acids, bases and oxidants at high temperatures.
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