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Sêmbadra E-Issn: 2716-5043 SÊMBADRA E-ISSN: 2716-5043 VOLUME 2 No. 1, April 202 Page 1-9 DOI: 10.26740/sembadra.v2n1.p1 - 9 COLLECTIVE AWARENESS IN LUDRUK ART IN THE CITY OF SURABAYA Hidayah Sumiyani Program Studi S1 Teater, Sekolah Tinggi Kesenian Wilwatikta Surabaya, Indonesia Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Ludruk Irama Budaya is the only ludruk group that still survive and perform ludruk at THR Surabaya. Because of the lack of audiences, Ludruk Irama Budaya reformed the management and elements of ludruk art to gain more audiences. This research is a qualitative study, where data collection is carried out by field observation, liberary research, and interview. Data were then triangulated and analyzed using Emile Durkheim's collective awareness and Mihaly Csikzentmihalyi's creativity system concepts. The result shows that Ludruk Irama Budaya is able to use the field of creativity in its environment as an effort to revive ludruk art. Ludruk artists as creative individuals seek to keep this art alive in the society. And it requires the management of THR to support ludruk art and other art communities in THR area. Keywords: ludruk, collective awareness, creativity, THR Surabaya INTRODUCTION occurring without reason? When investigating In 2019, Taman Hiburan Rakyat (THR) further, it is found out that artists work in was officially closed, art buildings such as THR cannot afford the cost of living in srimulat building, pringgodani building Surabaya. Therefore, they choose to live in (wayang wong and ketoprak) and ludruk THR area for they do not need to spend any building could not be be inhabited anymore. money. The artists are asked to leave, except for those The image of THR is dark and dirty; who have Surabaya’s identity card. They will most of the roads are damaged and sloppy. move to a residential facility that provides by And because the location is behind Hitech the government. Taman Hiburan Rakyat Mall Surabaya, the numbers of visitors who (THR) was closed due to the misuse of THR area that was originally used as a place of art came to THR dropped sharply. People prefer change into a wild settlement. Illegal to go to the mall, making the community of buildings built around THR area both by the Ludruk Irama Budaya and other art artists and the merchants who work at THR. Organisatie marginalized. Quoting the words of Tri Rismaharini as Hendro Prasetyo, UPTD of THR the Mayor of Surabaya in Surabaya said that in the beginning of 2017 www.ekonomi.bisnis.com she states that “In all performances that were subsidized by the the past THR area was known as the center of government were moved to Balai Budaya. folk performance art. However, now it Only paid performances were held in THR. In gradually changed into a wild settlement”. this case people need to buy the tickets to This social fact is true, but is the settlement watch the performances. (Surya, 2/08/2017 ― 1 Sêmbadra, Vol. 2, No. 1, April 2020 City Government Turns Hitech Mall into Art Library research (archieve research) is Building, All for Arts Activists). performed to obtain audio, visual, and audio- Furthermore, Deden Irawan, the head of visual data of the research object such as the Ludruk Irama Budaya, said in an interview by materials of ludruk show performed outside MetroNewsTV that the price of a ticket to Surabaya, interviews on television, radio, and watch ludruk is Rp 10,000, with an average other relevant sources. The researcher number of 20-50 people. This number cannot conducted interviews to obtain the views, meet the production costs that involve more ideas and anxiety of the members of Ludruk than 30 people (players, pangrawit, artistic Irama Budaya and also the views of managers arrangements and others), often they of THR Surabaya. Reseearcher also examine experience losses in fulfilling production related literature such as newspapers, online costs. This situation made the members of news, and booklet shows. The data is then Ludruk Irama Budaya has a poor life. triangulated to confirm the validity. The data Looking back at THR before it is closed were analyzed using Emile Durkheim's in 2019, Ludruk Irama Budaya was the only collective awareness and Csikzentmihalyi's ludruk organisatie that still survive and Creativity system. perform ludruk at THR. This ludruk group is The writer found research related to the brave enough to perform a show every assessment conducted: Saturday night only by relying on a very Zainul Hasan's research entitled cheap tickets. "Transvestite Community Solidarity and Then in 2016, Ludruk Irama Budaya Community Response in Penjaringansari Sub- reformed the management and elements of District, Rungkut District, Surabaya City", ludruk art to gain more audiences. The name explained about the sense of solidarity that of Ludruk Irama Budaya changed to Ludruk existed in transgender communities in the Irama Budaya Sinar Nusantara. The environment. The focus of this study is how managerial system which is originally lead by the sense of solidarity that exists within the the manager changed into organization lead waria community and how the community's by all members of ludruk art (Purnomo, response to the activities they carry out. This 2016). The artistic layout is regenerated and study uses Emile Durkheim's theory of improved. The story is expanded and the Mechanical Solidarity. The conclusions that junior ludruk class is opened for public can be drawn from this study are as follows: (Sumiyani, 2018). (1) the solidarity in the waria community is In the worst situation, Ludruk Irama very strong which is marked by the form of Budaya is still able to bring out the creativity mutual assistance to help care for each other's and think of a way to attract the interest of the members; (2) the community's response audiences or tenants of entertainment regarding the religious activities of this services. As a result, throughout 2017 to community is very good because this 2019, this community received an offer to transgender community becomes a place for present ludruk performance at the East Java waria to be guided. Ludruk Festival, a performance at the East Santoso Febri Nugroho's study (2018), Java Pavilion of Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, entitled "Collective Awareness in the Bali a regular show presented in Balai Budaya Social Movement to Reject Benoa Bay Surabaya and many invitations to perform Reclamation (Study of the Environmental ludruk art in other cities, outside Surabaya. Movement for Rejection of the Benoa Bay The writer is interested to investigate Reclamation conducted by ForBALI in collective awareness of Ludruk Irama Denpasar, Bali)". This research is based on Budaya, especially in the creativity of the uniqueness of the formation of collective members and management in overcoming the awareness through a new social movement environmental issues, especially after carried out by ForBALI as an alliance of management change and the closure of THR. Balinese people in rejecting the Benoa Bay This research is a qualitative study, where reclamation plan. The awareness process data collection is carried out by field formed through the new social movement also observation, liberary research (news, plays an important role in the Bali social documents, audio, visual, and audio-visual) movement Reject Reclamation. The object of and interviews. The observation performed on this research is how the collective awareness the object of ludruk Irama Budaya process developed by ForBALI by using performances and the THR Surabaya area. social movements. Emile Durkheim's 2 Hidayah Sumiyani, Collective Awareness in Ludruk Art in The City of Surabaya collective awareness theory and the concept shared by a particular society. The second of social movements are used to describe the is the 'realm' (field) which includes all reader with the many processes in the Bali members of a particular society, which Reject Reclamation movement carried out in deals with and makes judgments about achieving the collective awareness of the creative works: teachers, collectors, Balinese people. writers, critics, analysts or government In this study, the author uses Emile agents. Third, 'creative individuals', who Durkheim's concept of collective use symbolic sources in a particular consciousness to dissect Mihaly's creativity domain to create certain creative works system in the culture of ludruk Irama Budaya. that contain new ideas, systems, forms or According to Durkheim, modern society is patterns: artists, musicians, arts not bound by similarities between people who architects, designers, scientists, engineers, do the same work, but it is the division of or entrepreneur" labor that enhances society by forcing them to The use of two concepts; Emile depend on one another (Ritzer, 2012). If Durkheim's collective awareness and Mihaly someone enters and is in a group, then he can Csikzentmihalyi's creativity system is an feel the solidarity of the group. The 'existing' interrelation, how is the intertwining of feeling is actually the nature of the group. The collective consciousness between domains, concept of collective awareness Emile domains and individuals when carrying out Durkheim states that society has a collective creativity in the organizational unity of ludruk consciousness that produces values and makes art. The author questions Emile Durkheim's those values ideal for individuals. The collective awareness of the phenomena that community was formed not because of occur at Ludruk Irama Budaya in the THR pleasure or social contract, but rather a more Surabaya complex, which is dissected by the important factor than that, namely collective author by sorting it out from the perspective conciousness or collective awareness (Wati, of the creative system (domain, domain and 2015: 52-53). creative individual) that surrounds it. Performing arts such as dance, music and theater is a performance that is done together. DISCUSSION Particularly in theater, there are several jobs Ludruk Art as a Domain that must be done based on the division of Domain is a set of symbolic rules and tasks such as director, performer, procedures or knowledge that are shared by a dramaturgist, artistic stylist, stage manager community, such as mathematics, technology, and so on.
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