REVEGETATION PROGRAM 2000 ANNUAL REPORT
ANPNATURALRESOURCEREPORT GENEVA E. CHASE LINDA L. GREGORY ACADIA NATIONAL PARK PO BOX 177 BAR HARBOR, ME 04609
Acadia National Park Natural Resources Report 2001-07 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents / ii Executive Summary / iii Introduction / 1 2000 Program Goals and Accomplishments / 1 Revegetation Program Staff / 2 NRCS Activities / 2 V olunteer Groups / 3 Junior Ranger Days / 3 Native Plant Nursery / 3 Sites Receiving Additional Plantings /5 2000 Revegetation Projects / 11
Tables
Table 1. Volunteer Group Hours / 3 Table 2. Previously Revegetated Sites receiving Additional Plantings / 5 Table 3.2000 Revegetation Projects / 11
. Appendices
Appendix A. List of Revegetation Projects / 26 Appendix B. Quantitative Monitoring Form / 27-28 Appendix C. NRCS Distribution and Delivery Records / 29 Appendix D. NRCS 2000 Annual Report / 30 Appendix E. Native Plants Journal Articles / 31 Appendix F. Nursery Inventory / 32
11 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
During 2000, the Acadia National Park Revegetation Program staff worked on 43 park sites, totaling an area of just over two acres. This included sixteen new sites that were revegetated with genetically native plants and seed, and additional plantings made at nine sites where revegetation projects were undertaken in previous years. Maintenance work such as weeding, pruning and erecting barriers was conducted at 18 sites that were revegetated in previous years. Revegetation Program goals included restoring native vegetation following construction and trail maintenance, mitigating safety concerns and visitor use degradation, and establishing screening.
A total of 157 trees, 255 woody shrubs, 1310 herbaceous plants, 177 pounds of grass seed, and 1.6 pounds of wildflower seed were planted. Plant materials were obtained via two cooperative agreements with the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The park received 79.5 pounds of grass and wildflower seed, 982 container plants, and 3060 plugs, all propagated from seed or cuttings from park lands. Plant materials were stored at the park's native plant nursery, which was actively maintained between May and October. Plants received and not used were over-wintered at the nursery.
Volunteer groups, the Acadia Youth Conservation Corps, Acadia Resource Management staff, and a Student Conservation Association volunteer (SCA) assisted with revegetation projects. All sites were watered and cared for throughout the summer. Digital photos were taken to document the current conditions of each site. A pilot quantitative monitoring program to assess revegetation success was initiated. To date, a total of 84 sites have been revegetated in Acadia since the inception of the revegetation program in 1994.
111 INTRODUCTION
This report documents the work accomplished during the 2000 season at each project site. It lists each site by name and number, and includes a summary of any previous work performed at the site, a list of vegetation planted, revegetation methods, and notes on any remaining work to be completed.
2000 PROGRAM GOALS & ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Sixteen new sites, numbered 69 through 84, were revegetated using genetically native plants and seed. Additional plant material was added to nine previously revegetated sites, and maintenance work continued at 18 previously revegetated sites. Revegetation was conducted in an area of just over 2 acres (this area does not include the 18 maintained sites where no additional plantings were made).
Revegetation program goals for 2000 focused on using native plant materials to revegetate high priority projects. Natural Resources staff developed a list of possible revegetation projects with input from other divisions (see Appendix A).
Several projects related to new construction including trailhead restrooms and sewer line replacements. Projects not completed this year will be considered for 2001.
We experimented with jute erosion mat at two sites, one at the Sand Beach Erosion Area (Site 70) and another at the Otter Point Overlook (Site 78). At both sites, native Red Fescue seed was hand spread directly on the ground, then raked into the soil and watered. At the Sand Beach Erosion Area, a Goldenrod and Annual Rye seed mixture was spread. The jute mats were spread over the seeded areas and held down with metal staples and rocks.
Revegetation success was monitored at all sites completed between 1994 and 1999 (numbered 1 through 68). Visual observations were made to determine overall revegetation success. Quantitative notes concerning the overall success of each site are recorded on a Revegetation Monitoring Form (Appendix B). Resource Management staff continues to work on revising the monitoring forms which were used for the first time during the 2000 season.
Due to time constraints, global positioning system (GPS) points for 2000 revegetation sites were not made. This data will be collected in 2001 and added to the existing revegetation data layer.
1 REVEGETATION PROGRAM STAFF
The 2000 Revegetation Program staff consisted of Park Botanist, Linda Gregory, who oversaw the program and two Biological Technicians, Geneva Chase and Jesse Wheeler, who conducted all revegetation projects and associated activities.
The Maintenance division and trail crew assisted with revegetation projects when needed. In July, trail crew provided revegetation staff with a second water barrel for the revegetation truck, raising the water carrying capacity to 100 gallons.
Prior to the start of Acadia Youth Conservation Corps (A YCC) summer season, Resource Management staff met with Trails Foreman, Gary Stellpflug, and Chief of Maintenance, Jim Vekasi, to discuss which revegetation projects would require AYCC assistance. Four members of the AYCC and their crew leaders assisted with various revegetation projects throughout the summer.
In addition, Justin Baker, a Student Conservation Association (SCA) intern from Minuteman National Monument, and Lynne Stephenson, a former A YCC member, volunteered a week each to assist with revegetation and other projects. Acadia National Park employees Brady Dixon, from the Entrance Station, and lifeguards Chris James and John McElrath, volunteered a few hours to assist with projects, as well.
NRCS ACTIVITIES
In May park staff met with Natural Resources Conservation Service (NCRS) staff from Big Flats Plant Materials Center and NRCS Coordinators for the NPS from the Denver Service Center. The goals for the meeting were to review existing inter-agency cooperative agreements; review upcoming projects within the next 3-5 years that will require a revegetation component; discuss ways to meet those revegetation needs, especially for the large campground rehabilitation projects; and plan for new cooperative agreements.
The NRCS provided the park with native "plugs" and container plants propagated from seed or cuttings collected in the park. The NRCS propagation program is funded via two existing cooperative agreements between the NPS and NRCS. A total of3060 plugs, 982 container plants, and 79.5 lbs. of red fescue seed were received for revegetation projects. A complete list of amounts of plant and seed species received is found in NRCS Distribution and Delivery Records (Appendix C). A copy of the NRCS annual report can be found in Appendix D.
Lastly, two articles highlighting NRCS work in Acadia appeared in the newly published Native Plants Journal: "Vegetated Erosion Control Mats for Site Stabilization" (van der Grinten and Gregory 2000) and "Harvesting Native Seeds with a Gas Hedge Trimmer" (van der Grinten 2000) (See Appendix E).
2 VOLUNTEER GROUPS
Volunteer groups worked 216 hours assisting with revegetation projects. Each group was provided instruction on revegetation methods and techniques and the importance of using native plant materials. The project goals were explained. The names of each group, the number of participants, hours worked and location of project sites are listed in Table 1.
Table 1. Volunteer Group Hours Volunteer Group Hours & Participants Location
St. Louis Priory School 12 people/3 hours=36hrs Otter Point (Site 56)
Trailmark 13 people/3 hours=39hrs South Bubble Summit (Site 75)
Landmark 14 people/6 hours=84hrs Native Plant Nursery and Schooner Head Overlook (Site 5A)
Becket Chimney Comers 15 people/3 hours=45 hrs Pullout by One Way (Site 76)
Greenbrier Outdoor 6 people/2 hours = 12hrs Seawall Housing Unit (Site 32) Adventures Total Hours & 60 people for 216 hrs. Participants:
JUNIOR RANGER DAYS
Junior Ranger Days are coordinated by the Interpretation Division and consist of a day of activities for elementary school children from the local communities held at either Seawall or Thompson Island Picnic Areas. Children clean beaches, plant trees, and learn how to become "Junior Rangers." This year revegetation staff assisted with three Junior Ranger Days by providing plants and assisting Junior Rangers with planting them within the Seawall Campground Area (Sites 49 and 51) and at Thompson Island Restroom (Site 55). Revegetation staff determined which sites would be planted and provided tools, fertilizer, and peat moss.
NATIVE PLANT NURSERY
The native plant nursery behind Sand Beach was actively maintained between May and October. In May, all plants under the lathe house were organized according to species and pot size. The plant material was weeded and those that did not survive the winter were disposed of. The field surrounding the nursery was cleaned of debris. Branches and leaves were picked up, garbage was collected, and the grass was mowed. A new sprinkler water system was set-up under the lathe house and, due to wet weather, was programmed to water plant materials every other day for 30 minutes. The drip watering system, ordered in September 1999, was installed in May to water the white pines in the nursery field for 15 minutes every other day. Aluminum pie plates 3 were hung around the lathe house as a deer repellent. An inventory of plant material was conducted when the native plant nursery was closed in fall (Appendix F). With the assistance of volunteers from the Landmark group, small trees were transplanted to larger pots and placed out in the nursery field. The species transplanted are listed below. In addition, 24 Sweetfem (Comptonia peregrina) were salvaged from the nursery area and 13 spruce seedlings (Picea spp.) were salvaged from the large White Pine pots.
List of Plant Material: Species: Number
" ~ ...... " Transplanted
Red Spruce (Picea rubens) 8
Wild-raisin (Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides) 6
White ash (Fraxinus americana) 2
Red Oak (Quercus rubra) 6 White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 7
Red Maple (Acer rubrum) 6
Total Trees Transplanted: 35
4 SITES RECEIVING ADDITIONAL PLANTINGS
Each year, sites revegetated in previous years are visited to access further vegetation needs and work requirements. This summer, we made additional plantings at nine sites to augment what was planted in previous years (Table 2). Several sites received additional maintenance without additional plantings. These sites are listed in the Site Maintenance section of this report. A summary of revegetation work completed at each site follows.
Table 2. Previously Revegetated Sites Receiving Additional Plantings Site Name Year Site Reason for Number Revegetation Planted
Seawall Campground Group Sites Block Access 1997 51
Seawall Campground Site C-31 Screening 1998 49 Thompson Island Restroom Block Access 1999 55 1999 56 Otter Point Construction
Day Mountain Carriage Road Visitor Degradation 1999 61 .- Sand Beach Filming Area Block Access 1999 53 .... ANP Headquarters, Apartment Area Screening 1994 15 Eagle Lake North End Screening 1998 45
Jordan Pond House, Trail to Water Construction, 1999 60 Visitor Degradation
Site 33. Seawall Campground, Path from Loop C to Group Site 5 May 2000
Previous Work: In 1997, trees were planted along the hillside to block visitor access. In 1998 and 1999, more trees were added and Red Fescue plugs were planted to help stabilize the eroding bank.
2000 accomplishments: Additional trees and shrubs were planted in this area during Junior Ranger Days on May 17 and 18. The trees were planted to prevent visitor access to four social trails that were created after the first trail was blocked off. Duff was spread on the trails as camouflage and the entire area was roped off using natural-colored twine in an effort to be less obtrusive to campers. The possibility of creating a walkway between loop C and the Group Site area was discussed with the engineer for the upcoming campground rehabilitation project.
5 List of Plant Material: Species: Number Planted
White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 8 Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) 4
White ash (Fraxinus americana) 2
Wild Raisin (Viburnum nudum var. 6 cassino ides)
Bayberry ( Myrica pensylvanica) 7
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia) 2
Shadbush (Amelanchier spp.) (salvage) 2
Cinquefoil (Potentilla spp.) (salvage) 1
Total Number Trees and Shrubs 32
Total Area Planted 124 ft2
Site 49. Seawall Campground Site C-31 May 2000
Previous Work: In 1998, this small area was planted with trees to provide screening for Site 31.
2000 accomplishments: Due to the death oftwo of the four trees, three additional trees were planted during Junior Ranger Days. Rocks were placed around two of the smaller trees to discourage mowers.
List of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted
White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 1
Wild Raisin (Viburnum nudum var. 1 • _7 _, " .... ""H.V ...... " J. White Ash (Fraxinus americana) 1 Total Number Trees 3 Total Area Planted 8 ft2
6 Site 55. Thompson Island Restroom May 2000
Previous Work: Following construction ofthe new restroom in 1999, a small area along each side of the new walkway was planted with native grass and forbs.
2000 accomplishments: A pathway for vehicle access that was used during construction was being used as a short cut by visitors on their way to the restroom. During Junior Ranger days, trees were planted to block off the area and to "tie it in" with the existing woodland vegetation. Plugs were used to providegroundcover, and 3 oz. of Red Fescue seed was spread on the site. The entire area was fertilized and roped off.
Species Number Planted
White Pine (Pinus strobus) 1 White Birch (Betula papyri/era) 3 Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. lati/olia) 3 Spruce (Picea rubens) 1 Red Maple (Acer rubrum) 1
Shadbush (Amelanchier spp.) (salvage) 1 Large-leaf Aster (Symphotrichum novi-belgii) (plugs) 15 Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 10 Total Number Plugs: 15 Total Area Planted and Seeded: 48 ft2
Site 56. Otter Point June 2000
Previous Work: Following the reconstruction of the storm-damaged seawall, a large amount of native plant material was planted along the hillside and along the borders of the newly renovated Ocean Path section that traverses the site. The area was weeded twice to prevent the spread of non-natives.
2000 accomplishments: At the beginning of the season, approximately 40% of the vegetation cover at this site were non-native plant species. Following three extensive weeding sessions, which resulted in the removal of 11 30-gallon garbage bags of Witch/Quack Grass (Elymus repens), replanting was necessary. More shrubs were added to block access to the hillside while maintaining the vista. A few trees were planted to keep the area from being too exposed once the existing trees died. Volunteers from Priory Catholic School assisted with revegetation. The entire area was roped off. Fertilizer was applied to individual plants but was not broadcast 7 over the area because of the extensive Witch Grass population. Approximately 2 lbs. of Red Fescue seed was spread over the site. Five garbage bags of Barnyard Grass (Echinochloa crus galli) were removed later in the summer.
List of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted
White Pine (Pinus strobus) 1 White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 4
Red Spruce (Picea rubens) 3
Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) 62
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia) 18
Beachhead Iris (Iris setosa) 3 RedoFescue (Festuca rubra) (plugs) 300
New York Aster ( Symphotrichum novi-belgii) (plugs) 360
Downy Goldenrod (Solidago puberula) (plugs) 140
Rough Stern Goldenrod (Solidago rugosa) (plugs) 75
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 97 Total Number Plugs: 875
.... Total Area Planted and Seeded: 1360ft2
Site 61. Day Mountain Carriage Road June 2000
Previous work: In 1999, the heavily used, eroded path at this site was seeded with Red Fescue and the entire area was covered with jute erosion matting and staked down.
2000 accomplishments: Reseeding was necessary due to continual visitor traffic on the hillside. The erosion mat was re-pinned in areas where it had slid down. The area was roped off to discourage visitors. Approximately 6 oz. of Red Fescue seed was spread over 70 square feet. Approximately 1,100 foxglove (Digitaria purpurea) plants were removed from the surrounding area.
8 Site 53. Sand Beach Filming Area June 2000
Previous work: The majority of this area was fenced off in 1999, and the section between the fences was seeded to help disguise the trail.
2000 Accomplishments: Approximately 6 oz. of Red Fescue seed was spread over 250 square feet.
Site 15. ANP Headquarters, Apartment Area August 2000
Previous work: This area was originally planted in 1994 to provide screening for the apartment area and to improve aesthetics.
2000 Accomplishments: The area was weeded with assistance from A YCC. New mulch was spread around the plantings and overgrown shrubs were pruned back. Two dead trees were cut out and replaced.
List of Planted Material: Number Planted Species:
White Birch (Betula papyri/era) 1
Shadbush (Amelanchier spp.) (salvage) 1
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 2 Total Area Planted: 10 fe
Site 45. Eagle Lake North End June 2000
Previous work: This site was planted in 1998 to block access to a social trail that connected Route 233 to the Eagle Lake Carriage Road and to provide screening from the road. A fence was installed at both ends of the pathway as a physical barrier. In 1999, more plants were added to the fenced ends and to the center of the trail, providing more groundcover. .
2000 accomplishments: Additional trees were added to the 100 square foot area to provide further screening.
9 List of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted
White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 3
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia) 1
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 4
TotalArea Planted: 100 fe
Site 60. Jordan Pond House Trail to Water June 2000
Previous work: In 1999, the Acadia Youth Conservation Corps reconstructed the trail leading from the north side of the Jordan Pond House, through the blueberry field vista, to Jordan Pond. Both the edges ofthe main trail and the ends of numerous social trails were revegetated. Not enough plant material was available to revegetate the entire area, so plantings were limited to the ends of the social trails. The centers of the trails were filled in with crab compost from Southwest Harbor Transfer Station to bring the pathways up to grade with the surrounding area.
2000 accomplishments: This area was not given high priority in 2000 because it was scheduled for prescription burning. Following the nationwide ban on prescribed burns, additional plantings were made to further fill in the ends of the social trails leading off of the main pathway. Additional areas were roped off and more signs were installed. The most heavily used social trails were brushed in twice. The unavailability of blueberry plants limited the amount of planting that could be done in this area. Based on the number and species of non-natives that were growing in the crab compost, another soil improvement solution may be necessary in the future.
List of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted
Willow (Salix spp.) 3
Winterberry (flex verticillata) 6 Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia) 6 Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 15 Total Area Planted: 530 ft2
10 2000 REVEGETATION SITES
Revegetation sites are numbered sequentially from year to year. A total of fifteen sites, numbered 69 through 83, were revegetated in 2000 (Table 3). Projects that were not completed the previous year were added to the proposed 2001 revegetation project list. A summary of revegetation work completed at each site follows.
Table 3. 2000 Revegetation Sites Site Name Reason for Revegetation Site Number Headquarters Leachfield Construction 69 Sand Beach Erosion Area Visitor Degradation 70 Otter Point, West End Construction 71 Jordan Pond Trail, Flat Section Construction, Visitor 72 Degradation Raven's Nest Visitor Degradation 73 South Bubble Summit Visitor Degradation 74 Schooner Head Traffic Circle Visitor Degradation 75 Pullout at One Way, Park Loop Road Visitor Degradation 76 -.- Bass Harbor Light Construction 77 Otter Point Overlook Construction 78 Park Loop Road Seeding Construction 79 Triangle at 233 Entrance Construction 80 Bench at Eagle Lake Construction 81 Wildwood Stables Construction 82 Commandinger House Construction 83 Stanley Brook Roadside by stone wall Re-Construction 84
11 Site 69. Headquarters Leach Field May 2000
2000 accomplishments: This area was seeded with lIb. of Annual Rye and lIb. of Red Fescue following construction at the leach field. Straw was spread as mulch over the entire area (450 fe). In July, Japanese Knotweed (Fallopiajaponica), an invasive plant, was found growing at the site.
Site 70. Sand Beach Erosion Area June 2000
2000 Accomplishments: Due to steep terrain, this area was surveyed several times to determine thebesfstrategy for revegetation. The site is made up of three sections; a large eroded slope of loose soil and some rock ledge, a smaller eroded slope with compacted soil and no vegetation, and a wooded area traversed with social trails. With the help of A YCC and the Sand Beach Lifeguards, jute erosion matting was stapled to the hillside from the top down to minimize erosion. A mix of Red Fescue (3.75 lbs.), Annual Rye (lIb.), Rough-stem Goldenrod (.2lbs.), Downy Goldenrod (.2lbs.) and Canada Goldenrod (.2Ibs.) seed was spread on each layer of , slope before the mat was laid, and Osmocote fertilizer was broadcast over the entire area. Eroded soil was removed from the ledge at the base and placed on the lower slope of the hill before the bottom layer of mat was stapled down. Holes were cut in the fabric to plant trees, shrubs, and plugs. A limited number of plants were used, the goal being to stabilize the hillside the first year, and do more planting in subsequent years. Additional planting is recommended for 2001.
The small hillside was first scarified with rakes to loosen the top layer of soil before the seed mix and fertilizer were spread. Then the entire area was covered with burlap squares and stapled down. The burlap was donated by the Trail Crew, and was used experimentally at this site. The lower section of the hillside was planted with plugs in limited supply with the goal of stabilizing the hillside.
The seed mix was spread along the social trails in the wooded area. The entire hillside was roped off and signs were installed. Open areas were blocked with brush. In the future, a new tactic for keeping visitors off the hillside will be necessary, since most are trying to access the beach from the Ocean Path area and continue to cross the site despite the presence of the erosion matting and the efforts of the lifeguards. Safety issues are also present due to the steep, slippery terrain.
A one-inch diameter fire hose, donated by the Fire Cache, was laid out along the hillside and fitted with adapters so the site could be watered from the Park Loop Road. This made watering the site easier and saved a considerable amount of time.
12 List of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted
Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) 5
Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) 8
Virginia Rose (Rosa virginiana) 6
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia)) 8 New York Aster (Symphotrichum novi-belgii) (plugs) 60
Red Fescue (Festuca rubra) (Plugs) 90
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 27
Total Number Plugs: 150
Total Area Planted and Seeded: 1053 ft2
13 Site 71. Otter Point, West End June 2000
2000 accomplishments: With the assistance of the AYCC, this area was revegetated following construction on the Ocean Path. Shrubs and trees were planted along the road to block access to the hillside adjacent to the trail. Red Fescue (approximately .5 lbs.) and Canada Goldenrod seed (.251bs.) was spread to fill in bare spots off-trail and to stabilize an eroded embankment. The entire area was fertilized with Osmocote fertilizer.
The trees and shrubs along the roadside were accidentally mowed in late August.
List of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted White Pine (Pinus strobus) 1 White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 3 Red Spruce (Picea rubra) 1 Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) 10
Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) 6
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia) 6
Rough-stemmed Goldenrod (Solidago rugosa) (Plugs) 45 Red Fescue (Festuca rubra) (plugs) 50
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 27
Total Number Plugs: 95
Total Area Planted and Seeded: 852fe
14 Site 72. Jordan Pond Trail, Flat Area June 2000
2000 accomplishments: This site is a low-lying area between the Jordan Pond Trail and Jordan Pond. Due to the ongoing trail construction, the area was denuded and is now regularly traversed by visitors seeking access to the pond. The site was roped off to prevent visitor access. Because some vegetation in the area resprouted, few plants were added.
List of Planted Material: Number Planted Species:
White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 2
Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) 6
Winterberry (flex vertic illata) 7
Sheep Laurel (Kalmia angustifolia) 4
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 19
Total Area Planted: 550 ft2
15 Site 73. Raven's Nest July 2000
2000 accomplishments: This site was planted with the assistance of the AYCC. Due to the presence of an extensive social trail network, many areas were roped off to encourage foot traffic on the hardened trails. Short stakes were used in order to be less visually obtrusive. Vegetation was·,planted at the ends of major social trails and along the edges of widened areas. Most social paths were filled with brush and seeded with Red Fescue (.5 lbs.), and Rough-stern (.3 lbs.), Canada (.3 lbs.,) and Downy (.3 lbs.) Goldenrods. Using vegetation, the forked entrance to the trail was narrowed to one pathway.
List. of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted
White Pine (Pinus strobus) 1
Juniper (Juniperus communis) 10
Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) 8
Red Spruce (Picea rubra) 4
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. 4 latifolia)
Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) 10
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 37
Total Area Planted and Seeded: 122 ft2
16 Site 74. South Bubble Summit July 2000
2000 accomplishments: This site was planted with volunteer assistance from the Trailmark volunteers. The goal of the project was to revegetate bare areas on the summit, limiting visitor access and preventing further erosion by holding the soil in place. Three large areas were roped off,planted,and fertilized. Bare areas were seeded with Red Fescue (1.4 lbs.), and Canada (.2 lbs.), Downy (.2 lbs.) and Rough-stem (.2 lbs.) Goldenrods. Social trails were filled in with brush.
Due to the harsh, exposed conditions ofthe summit, the lack of topsoil, and the potential for erosion, a limited number of plants were added to the site. If the first planting is successful, it is recommended that more plants be added to the site in 2001.
List of Plant Material: Species: Number Planted
White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 6
Juniper (Juniperus communis) 8
Sheep Laurel (Kalmia angustifolia) 10
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia) 8
Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) (salvage) 6 Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 38 Total Area Planted and Seeded: 1701 ft2
Site 75. Schooner Head Traffic Circle July 2000
2000 accomplishments: To lessen the load ofthe mowing crew and to limit visitor off-road driving, trees were planted along the grass border of the traffic circle. The goal for this project was to bring the woods "out" approximately 20 feet. Shrubs were planted around the base of the new Schooner Head Overlook sign to visually enhance the site. Because the site has not been mowed, shrubs and forbs are starting to grow naturally in the grassy area. The A yec assisted with this project.
17 List of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted:
White Pine (Pinus strobus) 10 Northern White Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) (salvage) 2 Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) 10
White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 11 Red Maple (Acer rubrum) 1 Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) 7
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia) 2 Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 43 Total Area Planted: 3485 fe
Identification tags for Quaking Aspen: Qal 1/10/92 our, QA 12-117, ACAD QAl 2/14/92 our, Qa 1-13, QA 11-38, QA 19-7, QA41-5, ACAD QA 123/2/92, White Pine tags: ACAD PSU 1/29/918.122, _17/91, 606-3 1991,606-141991, ACAD PSU-l 1129/91, ACAD 615 1131191, ACAD 615 1125/91, PSU-C 1124/91, ACAD PSUI 1124/91 13.243, ACAD PSUI 1124/91 Red Maple tag: NELS 7/5/80 4_
Site 76. Pullout by One Way, Park Loop Road July 2000
2000 accomplishments: The Becket Chimney Comers volunteer group assisted onlhis project. The traffic pullout at this site had expanded beyond its original boundaries due to an increase in the number of parked cars. The soil was compacted and the ground was virtually devoid of vegetation. The revegetation goal was to bring the woods "out" to define the original border of the pullout. A small social trail was brushed in. The entire area was seeded with Red Fescue (10 oz.) and Downy Goldenrod (40z.), and then fertilizer was broadcast over the area.
Maintenance placed a row of coping stones along the edge of the pullout, so that the stakes and ropes were unnecessary and were removed.
18 List of Planted Material: Number Planted Species:
White Pine (Pinus strobus) 6
White Birch (Betula papyrifora) 18
Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) 10
Total Trees Planted: 34 Total Area Planted and Seeded: 1462 ft2
Identification tags for Quaking Aspen: QA 12091, QA 51-8, QA 12-118, QA 4-14, QA 40-10, QA 50-8, ACAD QA 1-7, ACAD QA 1-4/84 White Pine tags: WP 616 2.88 SNH 5/90, ACAD 60 1128/91 10 171, ACAD 610, 1123/91, 616s 2.37 NH 5/90, ACAD PSU1-C 1131191, PSU F8 (?)
Site 77. Bass Harbor Light August 2000
2000 accomplishments: Trails worker, Peter Colman, and his AYCC crew revegetated several widened and bare spots along the Bass Harbor Light trail to further define the trail boundaries. Revegetation staff provided plant materials suitable to the area.
List of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted:
White Pine (Pinus strobus) 1
Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) 4
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia) 4
Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) 8
Sheep Laurel (Kalmia angustifolia) 12
Downy Goldenrod (Solidago puberula) (plugs) 70
Red Fescue (Festuca rubra) (plugs) 75
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 29 Total Number Plugs: 145
Total Area Planted & Seeded: 290 ft2
19 Site 78. Otter Point Overlook September 2000
2000 Accomplishments: Following construction on the wall below the lookout, a narrow strip along the stairs needed to be revegetated. The goal with this project was to stabilize the embankment and prevent erosion. Trail crew seeded the site with 1 lb. 10 oz. of a Red Fescue and Rough Stem goldenrod seed mix and then spread erosion matting over the 20 square foot area.
Site·79. Paradise Hill Road Seeding, September 2000
2000 Accomplishments: Following resurfacing of the Park Loop Road, on September 1, road shoulders from the Visitor Center to Cadillac Mountain Summit turn, and from there, to the Harden Farm Road were hydro-seeded with a mix of22.5Ibs. Quick Green Lawn Mix from Hart Seed Co. (68.9% annual Ryegrass, 19.3 % Creeping Red Fescue, 10.1 % Perennial Ryegrass, and 1.7% other matter), 27.5Ibs. Acadia Red Fescue and 10 lbs. Canada Goldenrod. The Quick Green seed mix was used as a nurse crop to ensure that grass came up before winter to stabilize the shoulders.
A narrow section of road shoulder along the Paradise Hill Road was hand seeded with Acadia Red Fescue seed. The hydro-seeder, which covered all other sections of road in the area, ran out of material before reaching this site. Approximately 1.2 lbs. of seed was hand spread along 285 feet of roadside (652 fe). A future comparison will be made between the two methods of seeding roadsides based on the differences in growth between the two areas
20 Site 80. Triangle at 233 Entrance October 2000
2000 Accomplishments: This site was recently blocked off with coping stones to prevent vehicle access to the edges of the triangle. The ground surrounding the central wooded area was bare and compacted. Following hydro seeding, trees were added along two sides of the triangle to bring the woods "out" more, lessening the work of the mowing crew and creating a more aesthetically pleasing site. Some plants were salvaged from the Jordan Pond Spillway site, which is to undergo construction in October 2000. Fertilizer was broadcast over the area, and smaller trees were staked to prevent mower damage.
List of Planted Material: Species: Number Planted:
Red Maple (Acer rubrum) (4 salvage) 10
Red Spruce (Picea rubens) (salvage) 2
Red Oak (Quercus rubra) 6
White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 4
Wild Raisin (Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides) 3
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba var. latifolia) 4
New York Aster (Symphotrichum novi-belgii) (salvage) 4
Canada Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis) (salvage) 1
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 29
Total Number Plugs: 5
Total Area Planted: 3880 fe
21 Site 81. Bench at Eagle Lake October 2000
2000 Accomplishments: Following the installation of a memorial bench overlooking Eagle Lake, it was recommended that plants be added to keep the bench from "sticking out" too much and to add a pleasing element to the area. Plants were added to either side of the bench for an enclosed effect, and low-growing shrubs were placed in the foreground for blending without obstructing the view. Some plants were salvaged from the Jordan Pond Spillway site, which was to undergo construction during the month of October.
List of Planted Material:
Species: - Number Planted:
White Pine (Pinus strobus) 2
White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 1
Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba) 4
Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) (salvage) 2
Sweetfern (Comptonia peregrina) 1
Total Number Trees and Shrubs: 10
Total Area Planted & Seeded: 363 ft2
Site 82. Wildwood Stables
Following construction of the bathroom at Wildwood Stables and re-construction of a sewer line, 14.1Ibs. Of Red Fescue and 12.9Ibs. Of Annual Ryegrass were seeded at Wildwood Stables.
Site 83. Commandinger House
An old building referred to as the Commandinger house on park land at the southern end of Bass Harbor Marsh outlet was demolished and the land was restored to a field. Native seed was replanted into the fill. An area of 4,000 square feet was planted by hand with a mix of 2.2 lbs. of Red Fescue and 1.5 lbs. of New York Aster, Flat-top Aster and Roughstem Goldenrod.
Site 84. Stanley Brook Road by Stone Wall June 2000
A stone wall on the west side of Stanley Brook road was re-built by Jeff Grey, Maintenance, and a Sierra Club Service Group. Jeff reseeded the road shoulder with 8 ounces of Red Fescue seed. The area was 80 square feet.
22 SITE MAINTENANCE
In addition to the following maintenance procedures, each revegetation site completed since 1997 was visited and evaluated according to the protocols of the Revegetation Monitoring Form. (Appendix C). Information as to which non-native plants were removed from each site, the percent cover of non-natives, amount of fertilizer applied, and other pertinent notes are recorded on the Revegetation Monitoring Forms for 2000. The following is a summary of the maintenance tasks completed at previously revegetated sites. s.n. Entrance Station Planted 1999
The Rugosa Rose (Rosa rugosa) in the stone planter was replaced with a native Virginia Rose (Rosa virginiana). The planter was also weeded and fertilized.
Site 3. Egg Rock Scenic Overlook Planted 1994
The area was weeded of non-natives.
Site SA. Schooner Head Overlook Planted 1998
Dead trees and brush were spread across social trails and a new sign was placed behind the interpretive sign. Following the removal of both the brush and the sign by an unknown party, the area was brushed heavily a second time. Fertilizer was spread at the site and a few non-native plants were removed. Later in the summer, more brush was added at the entrance to few social trails. Due to the number of social trails and the eroded condition of some trails in this small area, a new tactic in visitor management is necessary. No further planting is recommended until the social trail situation is remedied.
Site 9. Cadillac Summit Traffic Island Planted 1994
The area was weeded of non-natives.
Site 12. Park Headquarters, Trailer Pads (KOA) Planted 1994
The beds and tree rings were weeded, and new mulch was spread around each tree.
23 Site 26. Great Head Social Trail Planted 1996
Non-native plants were weeded and fertilizer was applied to the site. New signs were installed at both ends of the site and at the entrance to a social path 30 feet away. More brush was added to block the entrance to the site.
Site 32. Seawall Housing Unit. Planted 1996
The native plant beds were weeded of non-natives.
Site 38. Jordan Pond Spillway Planted 1998
The rope fence was repaired. In October, plants were salvaged prior to construction at the site.
Site 39. Ocean Path, South of Thunder Hole Planted 1998
One sign was replaced and the ropes were retied.
Site 41. Route 233, Pullout Near Sunken Heath Planted 1998
The remaining stakes were removed from the trees and fertilizer was broadcast over the entire area. Oxeye Daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), a non-native, was removed.
Site 43. Fabbri Waterline Area Planted 1998
New stakes and ropes were installed.
Site 47. Headquarters Landscaping Planted 1998
This area was weeded twice during the summer and dead branches were pruned from the trees. The beds in front of the Interpretation building were weeded and pruned back.
Site 48. Seawall Campground, Various Sites A Loop Planted 1998
Tree stakes were removed.
24 Site 51. Seawall Group Sites Planted 1998
A rope and a sign were added at an eroded social trail.
Site 54. Thunder Hole Restroom Planted 1999
A social trail was filled in with brush and the entrance was roped off.
Site 53. Sand Beach Filming Area Planted 1999
The last remaining fence post and rails were installed.
Site 55. Thompson Island Restroom Planted 1999
The end of the walkway leading to the restrooms was re-staked and roped off.
Site 58. Hulls Cove Sewer Line Planted 1999
By request, 'Maintenance mowed between the trees to prevent the non-native Common Winter Cress (Barbaria vulgaris), which is prevalent in the area, from going to seed.
25 AppendixA.
ACAD REVEGETATION PROGRAM PROJECTS 5100
2000 Site List Cadillac Peat Bed (fee) seedlsalvage Rehab Trails (fee & donation) shlpl Visitor Center parking lot (FLHP) trlsh Bus Stops (FLHP) trlsh Wildwood Bam (various) seed
Thompson Island - continue reveg (232) shlpl Seawall sewer (232) seed/salvage Frazer Point restroom (232) shlseed Blackwoods CG restrooms (232) shlseed Seawall CG restrooms (232) shlseed Trailhead restrooms (232) ship1 Isle au Haut restrooms (232) shlpl McFarland Hill Leachfield seed Blackwoods/Seawall pilot projects Experiment!
Junior Ranger Days (park) shltr
Precipice slope between parking lot and Park Loop Road shrub Jordan Pond Dam spillway shlsalvage Great Meadow pullout by golf course trlshlpl Frenchman Bay overlook shlpl Schooner Head Overlook trlsh Raven's Nest pllsh Sand Beach "filming area" continue reveg trlshlpl Jordan Pond Gatehouse maples - replace (fee) tr (large)
Bar Harbor Water Company Tank Site Salvage salvage
Eagle Lake donated bench - plantings around area sh (large) Sieur de Monts Park Entrance sign - ammend plantings sh (large) Rt. 233 Park Entrance sign - amend plantings sh (large)
Bubble Pond - north end - repair visitor degradation trlshlpl Jordan Pond field (trails) shlpl Jordan Pond trail (trail crew site) Otter Point - continue revegetation sh Ocean Path - south west of Otter Point (trails) pllseed tr=tree, sh=shrub, pl=plug, seed=wildflower and/or grass seed
26 Appendix B.
Revegetation Monitoring Form
Date:
Monitor Name(s):
Site Name: Site Number: Date Planted:
Reason for Revegetation: _construction __ safety __ screenmg other block access
Type of Revegetation: _groundcover trees shrubs other
Goal Of Revegetation:
Size of Area (ft2/meter2):
Percent Cover Codes 0% l-S%:A S-2S%:B 2S-S0%:C SO-7S%:D 7S-9S%:E 9S-100%:F groundcover species nurrlber planted % cover
. non-native species % cover
27 Non-native Control:
tree / shrub # planted average height # dead
Additional Plantings:
Date Planted: Species # planted
Additional Treatments: __ fertilizer (lbs) mulch other Date Treated:
Additional Notes:
28 Appendix C. NRCS Distribution and Delivery Records
29 SCS-ECS-596a Distribution and Delivery Record USDA, NRCS Big Flats Plant Materials Center ORDER NUMBER: NYPMC-00-027
D&DTO: SHIP TO:
Linda Gregory Linda Gregory USDI, National Park Headquarters USDI, National Park Headquarters P.O. Box 177 P.O. Box 177 Bar Harbor, ME 04609 "Bar Harbor, ME 04609
Order Date: 3/27/00 Ship Date: 3/28/00 Ship Via: FED EX
PM - 1 Number:
Common Name/ Accession: Scientific Name: Lot Number: Tested Purity Germ Bulk PLS UIM
Acadia Festuca rubra 5 Ibs. Red fescue
REMARKS: For seeding one-half acre in Acadia National Park.
PLEASE NOTIFY THE PLANT MATERIALS CENTER (607-562-8404) IF THE MATERIAL HAS NOT ARRIVED WITHIN 2 WEEKS AFTER RECEIVING Ordered by: . THIS RECORD - OTHER WISE, NO ACTION REQUIRED NYPMCMgr.
Received by______Approved by Martin van der Grinten Title______Title Manager Date______Date 3/28/00 SCS-ECS-596a Distribution and Delivery Record USDA, NRCS Big Flats Plant Materials Center ORDER NUMBER: INFORMAL
D&DTO: SHIP TO: Linda Gregory Linda Gregory USDI, National Park Svc. USDI, National Park Svc. P.O. Box 177 P.O. Box 177 Bar Harbor, ME 04609 Bar Harbor, ME 04609
Order Date: 5/12/00 Ship Date: 5/16/00 Ship Via: delivered by PMC Mgr.
PM -'1 Number:
Common Name/ Accession: Scientific Name: Lot Number: Tested Purity Germ Bulk PLS UIM
Red fescue F estuca rubra ANP-07-FERU-4NDS 5 lbs.
REMARKS:
PLEASE NOTIFY THE PLANT MATERIALS CENTER (607-562-8404) IF THE MATERIAL HAS NOT ARRIVED WITHIN 2 WEEKS AFTER RECEIVING Ordered by: THIS RECORD - OTHER WISE, NO ACTION REQUIRED
PMCMgr.
Received by____ -'- ______Approved by Martin van der Grinten Title______Title Manager Date. ______Date 5116/00 SCS-ECS-596a Distribution and Delivery Record USDA,NRCS Big Flats Plant Materials Center ORDER NUMBER: INFORMAL
D&DTO: SmPTO: Linda Gregory Linda Gregory USDI, National Park Svc. USDI, National Park Svc. P.O. Box 177 P.O. Box 177 Bar Harbor, ME 04609 Bar Harbor, ME 04609
Order Date: 5/14/00 Ship Date: 5/16/00 Ship Via: delivered by PMC Mgr.
PM - 1 Number: Common Name/ Accession: Scientific Name: Lot Number: Tested Purity Germ Bulk PLS UIM Red Oak Quercus rubra 1 gal. pots 6 plants Red Maple Acerrubrum 1 gal. pots 6 plants White Pine Pinus strabus 1 gal. pots 7 plants Balsam. Fir .Abies balsamea 1 gal. pots 15 plants White Birch Betula papyrifera 1 gal. pots 15 plants Sheep laura! Kalmia angustifolium 1 gal. pots 3 plants Juniper Juniperous horixontalis. 1 gal. pots 30 plants Red Spruce Picea rubens 1 gal. pots 35 plants Bayberry Myrica pennsylvanica 5" pots 25 plants Winterberry Hex verticillata I gal. pots 14 plants Meadowsweet Spiraea latifolia 5" pots 20 plants Bunchberry Comus canadensis 5" pots 30 plants Wild Raisin Viburnum casinoides 1 gal. pots 10 plants Large Leaf Aster Aster macrophyllus 5" pots 6 plants Red fescue Festuca rubra bookplanters 910 plugs
REMARKS: For National Park Service Project at Acadia National Park
PLEASE NOTIFY THE PLANT MATERIALS CENTER (607-562-8404) IF THE MATERIAL HAS NOT ARRIVED WITHIN 2 WEEKS AFTER RECEIVING Ordered by: THIS RECORD - OTHER WISE, NO ACTION REQUIRED
PMCMgr.
Received by______Approved by Martin van der Grinten Title. ______Title Manager Date. ______Date 5116/00 SCS-ECS-596a Distribution and Delivery Record USDA, NRCS Big Flats Plant Materials Center ORDER NUMBER: INFORMAL
D&DTO: SHIP TO: Linda Gregory Linda Gregory USDI, National Park Svc. USDI, National Park Svc. P.O. Box 177 P.O. Box 177 Bar Harbor, ME 04609 Bar Harbor, ME 04609
Order Date: 8/14/00 Ship Date: 8/16/00 Ship Via: FED EX
PM - 1 Number: Common Name/ Accession: Scientific Name: Lot Number: Tested Purity Germ Bulk PLS UIM
Red fescue Festuca rubra ANP-98-FERU-4S 27.5 lbs.
Red fescue Festuca rubra ANP-97-FERU-4SDS 3. lbs.
REMARKS: For National Park Service Project at Acadia National Park
PLEASE NOTIFY THE PLANT MATERIALS CENTER (607-562-8404) IF THE MATERIAL HAS NOT ARRIVED WITHIN 2 WEEKS AFTER RECEIVING Ordered by: THIS RECORD - OTHER WISE, NO ACTION REQUIRED
PMCMgr.
Received by____ ~ ______Approved by Martin van der Grinten Title, ______Title Manager Date______Date ,8/16/00 SCS-ECS-596a Distribution and Delivery Record USDA,NRCS Big Flats Plant Materials Center ORDER NUMBER: INFORMAL
D&DTO: SHIP TO:
Linda Gregory . Linda Gregory USDI, National Park Svc. USDI, National Park Svc. P.O. Box 177 P.O. Box 177 Bar Harbor, ME 04609 Bar Harbor, ME 04609
Order Date: 9/25/00 Ship Date: 9/26/00 Ship Via: delivered
PM -1 Number:
Conunon Name/ Accession: Scientific Name: Lot Number: Tested Purity Germ Bulk PLS UIM Red Oak Ouercus rubra 1 gal. pots 16 plants Red Maple Acerrubrum 1 gal. pots 23 plants White Pine Pinus strabus 1 gal. pots 28 plants White Birch Betula papyrifera 1 gal. pots 12 plants Sheep laura! Kalmia angustifolium 1 gal. pots 10 plants Juniper Juniperous conununis 1 gal. pots 14 plants Bayberry Myrica pennsylvanica 1 gal. pots 30 plants Winterberry Hex verticillata 1 gal. pots 14 plants Meadowsweet Spiraea latifolia 5" pots 60 plants Meadowsweet Spiraea latifolia 1 gal. pots 11 plants White Spruce Picea glauca 1 gal. pots 20 plants Arrowwood Viburnum recognitum 1 gal. pots 12 plants Sarsaparilla Aralia nudicaulis 1 gal. pots 2 plants Bunchberry Comus canadensis 5" pots 16 plants Wild Raisin Viburnum casinoides 1 gal. pots 12 plants Large-Leaf Aster Aster macrophyllus bookplanters 180 plugs New York Aster Aster novi-belgii bookplanters 480 plugs Rough-stenuned .Goldenrod Solidago rugosa bookplanters 360 plugs Downy Goldenrod Solidago puberula bookplanters 300 plugs Canada Goldenrod Solidago canadensis bookplanters 350 plugs Poverty Oatgrass danthonia spicata bookplanters 480 plugs
REMARKS: For National Park Service Project at Acadia National Park
PLEASE NOTIFY THE PLANT MATERIALS CENTER (607-562-8404) IF THE MATERIAL HAS NOT ARRIVED WITHIN 2 WEEKS AFTER RECEIVING Ordered by: THIS RECORD - OTHER WISE, NO ACTION REQUIRED PMCMgr.
Received by ______Approved by---"M=artI~·n,-v,-"an~d=e~r =G=ri=n=te=n_-,- __ Title ______Title ___;..;M=ana=g",e:o.r ______Date______Date ___--'9:..:../=25:..:../0.=0"- ______SCS-ECS-596a Distribution and Delivery Record USDA,NRCS Big Flats Plant Materials Center
ORDER NUMBER: INFORMAL
D&DTO: SHIP TO:
Linda Gregory Linda Gregory USDI, National Park Svc. USDI, National Park Svc. P.O. Box 177 P.O. Box 177 Bar Harbor, ME 04609 Bar Harbor, ME 04609
Order Date: 10/20/00 Ship Date: 10/23/00 Ship Via: delivered
PM - 1 Number:
Common Namel Accession: Scientific Name: Lot Number: Tested Purity Genn Bulk PLS UIM
Bayberry Myrica pennsylvanica 1 gal. pots 230 plants Meadowsweet Spiraea latifolia 5"pots 90 plants White Spruce Picea glauca 1 gal. pots 20 plants Arrowwood Viburnum recognitum 1 gal. pots 57 plants Wild Raisin Viburnum casinoides 1 gal. pots 23 plants Sheep Laural Kalmia augustifolium 1 gal. pots 15 plants . Red Spruce Picea rubens I gal. pots 45 plants
REMARKS: For National Park Service Project at Acadia National Park
PLEASE NOTIFY THE PLANT MAlERIALS CENlER (607-562-8404) IF THE MAlERIAL HAS NOT ARRIVED WITIflN 2 WEEKS AFlER RECEIVING Ordered by: TIllS RECORD - OTHER WISE, NO ACTION REQUIRED PMCMgr.
Received by______--'- __ Approved by Martin van der Grinten Title______--.,.. Title Manager Date.______Date 10/23/00 Appendix D. NRCS 2000 Annual Report
30 ACADIA NATIONAL PARK 2000 ANNUAL REPORT Prepared by USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service Big Flats Plant Materials Center I. INTRODUCTION:
The USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Big Flats Plant Materials Center, entered into three interagency agreements with the USDI, National Pai-k Service, Acadia National Park, including: IA Project No. 2041-6-0017 (1996), IA Project No. 2071-7- 0002 (1997), and IA Project N0.4500-00-002 1 (1999). The Natural Resources Conservation Service agreed to: (D) Collect seed and plant materials of selected species within Acadia National Park boundaries. (E) Use these seeds to establish isolated seed increase fields of grasses and forbs, to produce plugs and transplants of grasses, forbs, trees and shrubs. A minimum of (3) grasses, (4) forbs, (4) shrubs and (3) tree species will be applied. (F) Make available seed, plugs and transplants to Acadia National Park for re-vegetation of the Federal Lands Highways Administration road project and utility/reconstruction projects from 1996 to 200 I.
The park will use the plant materials for roadside re-vegetation after resurfacing the park loop road and upgrading the Carriage Paths, and seeding area disturbed during utility and reconstruction projects in the park. The PMC activities have focused on seed and plant collections in the Acadia National Park, seed production, processing and conditioning, seed/plant propagation of plugs and transplants at the plant materials center, establishing seed increase fields, propagating materials vegetatively and delivering the plant material back to the Park.
II. ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
Three grasses, six forbs, 12 shrubs and 6 trees, are involved in this project. During 2000, seed was collected in late September (red oak, arrowwood viburnum, white birch, hawthorn, white spruce, red spruce, mountain holly, wild raisin, hobblebush, bayberry, mapleleafvirburnum, white flat top Aster, large leaf Aster, and downy goldenrod) and late October (winterberry, red spruce, arrowwood viburnum, bayberry, few maple leaf viburnum, Canada goldenrod, rough-stemmed goldenrod, downy goldenrod, New York Aster, large leaf Aster, and white flat topped Aster). Vegetative cutting material was collected in mid-May and late October. The cutting material was placed in the greenhouse mist system. Species of meadowsweet, arrowwood viburnum and arborvitae have rooted well. Species of sheep laurel, rhodora, wild raisin, blueberry and bayberry have not been successful in rooting. For many of the shrub and tree species, propagation by seed is a more successful method than by softwoodlhardwood cuttings. A total of75 lbs. of seed, 3,060 plugs and 982 plants were delivered for re-vegetation seedings and plantings in the year 2000.
A seed increase field of red fescue (10 rows, 600 feet long on 42" centers) was established on September 14th, to replace a prior production field that was removed this year. For our forb production, we are establishing stands in long single rows, and finding it easier for mechanical cultivation and harvesting. Additional rows of aster and goldenrods were established by transplants tillS summer. Harvesting of the forbs has worked best, using our Massey 8XP plot combine, with all the air shut off. With such small, light seed, it is a challenge to harvest. After testing other harvesting teclmiques, we found the combine to be best.
Seeds of trees and shrubs were placed in flats in the PMC cold frames in January, allowing for natural stratification to occur. TIllS included winterberry (this takes 2 years to germinate), arrowrood viburnum, white birch, mountain holIy, wild raisin, baybert}', Canada mayflower, white spruce, shadbush and maple leafviburnum. Seedlings from prior year seeding were potted up during the course of the year. Some seedlings of red spruce and balsam firs and root cuttings of bunchberry were collected and potted and placed in the lathe house. Red maple seedlings collected last year along the edge of a dirt road in the park, continue to grow and wiII be potted up next spring. The weather was cold and wet this summer.
At Acadia, plant materials were utilized to re-vegetate disturbed areas from utility construction, road shoulders from park road re surfacing work and site of project disturbances. The sites planted in 1999, at Jordon Pond and Otter Cliff, were doing well. The re vegetation signs posted at these sites definitely helped keep visitors out of the plantings, which increased their survival and growth.
III. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTffRANSFER
A meeting on the re-vegetation projects was held at the park in May, with everyone able to review the plantings, discuss the projects and assess future needs. Two articles (Vegetated Erosion Control Mats for Site Stabilization, by van der Grinten and Gregory; and Harvesting Native Seeds with a Gas' Hedge Triinmer, by van der Grinten and Ayers) were published in the fall issue of Native Plants Journal, as a result of the work in Acadia. The abstracts of the poster sessions presented at the Second Eastern Native Grass Conference (Nov., 1999, Baltimore, MD, 300 participants) on our work at Acadia, was published in the proceedings tillS past May. Plant propagation protocols have been developed for inclusion in the native plant propagation manual. Forb seed production fields utilizing long, single rows versus a block planting works well. Harvesting and seed cleaning teclmiques continue to be refined each year. Utilizing cold frames to germinate shrub and tree species continues to work very well, but they should be seeded in January to obtain natural stratification .. The storing of potted plants at the Acadia latIle house has been successful and it allows the park re vegetating crew to select optimum planting dates and best suited plant materials. The posting of re-vegetation signs has decreased the trampling of new plantings, plus they have educated tile P!lblic on how the park service is utilizing mitive plants. Appendix E.
FALL 2 0 0 0
31 CONTENTS
Revegetating Slag Refuse Areas with Native Warm Season Grasses 77
TONY BUSH AND PHIL KOCH
Mystery Solved on Spring Creek: Trautvetteria caroliniensis 82
BARRY GLICK
Blue Oak Mini-plug Transplants: How They Compare to Standard Bareroot and Container Stock 84
DOUGLAS D MCCREARY AND LAURIE LIPPITT Saguaro (actus: (ultU1'al Significance and 1'fopagation Techniques in the Sononn Desert 90
MARK J PATER AND BERNARD SIQUIEROS Native Ameficans and Theif 1'lants: tin1 TARA LUNA 1'fopagation 1'fotocol fOf Sweetgfass (Hierochloe odorata) 102 SUSAN WINSLOW 1'fopagation 1'fOtOCO& fOf Wild 1\ice (Zizania palustris L. [Poaceae}) 104 TARA LUNA IR-4 Program: Registering Pesticides for Specialty Plants 106 J RAY FRANK ~ R E FE R E E O;;R ESEAR ClH'fA RTI C LE The Use of Co i r as a Containerized Growing Mediumfor Douglas-fir Seedlings 107 ROBIN ROSE AND DIANE L HAASE Propagation Protocols on the Native Plant Network 112 THOMAS D LANDIS AND R KASTEN DUMROESE Writing Woody Plant Specifications for Restoration and Mitigation Projects 116 SUSAN BUIS Harvesting Native Seed with a Gas Hedge Trimmer 120 MARTIN VAN DER GRINTEN AND BRUCE MAYERS Vegetated Erosion Control Mats for Site Stabilization 121 MARTIN VAN DER GRINTEN AND LINDA L GREGORY "II Propagation of Redhead Grass (Potamogeton perfoliatus L.) 124 ,.,... Transplants for Restoration Projects ,... t-.) JENNIFER KUJAWSKI AND RANDY THOMPSON o o o nterest in native plants has Iincreased in recent years, result ing in the need to make native seed collections. The basic method ofhar vesting seeds in the wild is to hand Figure 1 • A modified gas powered hedge trimmer ready to halVest native plant seeds. strip seed off individual seedheads, a time consuming and labor intensive field operation. While this method works fine, seed yield per hour of labor is low. At the USDA Natural HARVESTING NATIVE Resources Conservation Service, Big Flats Plant Materials Center, we col SEEDS WITH A lect native seeds and test various tech niques to improve seed harvesting GAS HEDGE TRIMMER efficiency. We thought using a gas power hedge trimmer might have promise. Many trimmers are available on the market and can be purchased at any MARTIN VAN DER GRINTEN AND BRUCE M AVERS horticultural supply center or local garden store. We purchased a hedge trimmer with a 61-cm-Iong (24-in) the unit across seedheads you wish successfully harvested seedheads of cutting bar and a plastic tub that to collect. As you move the cutting several Poaceae, including hairgrass measured 66 cm long, 51 cm wide, blade, severed seedheads fall into (Deschampsia jlexuosa (L.) Trin), pov and 15 cm deep (26 x 20 x 6 in). the tub. Continue this action until erty oatgrass (Danthonia spicata (L.) One 66-cm side the tub is full Beauv. ex Roemer & JA Schultes), of the tub was and then, by red fescue (Festuca rubra L.), and ABSTRACT . removed and the tilting the unit, numerous forb species. tub was attached A plastic tub can easily be attached to dump the col to the cutting lected seedheads REFERENCE a gas-powered hedge trimmer, result [ITIS] Integrated Taxonomic Information System. bar by removing ing in an efficient, highly-maneuver into another con 1998. Biological names. Version 4.0 the bolts holding able piece of equipment for collecting tainer. Collected [on.line database]. URl: http://www.itis. the blades native plant seeds. seedheads can be usda.gov/plantproj/itis/itis-query.html together, insert processed back at (accessed 16 Feb 2000). ing the tub on KEYWORDS: seed collection the nursery or top of the NOMENCLATURE: ITIS (1998) seed cleaning blades, and then facility. re-bolting. Our This is a very particular tub has a curved top simple and effective method. One edge that ideally wraps around the person can harvest significantly more . handle of the trimmer-a hose clamp seed in a day than other methods we o ilttaches the tub to the handle and have tested. Since the unit is very o o makes the whole assembly more maneuverable, it allows the operator N secure. The unit is then ready for to be selective in what is harvested. « field use (Figure 1). On days with a light breeze, cut ... By using a scythe motion, start ting into the wind helps seedheads the cutting blade action as you swing fall into the collection tub. We have NATIV~ PI ANTe .",,11"". _. Vegetated Erosion Control Mats for Site Stabilization Figure 1 • Spreading medium on the coir fiber mats. MARTIN VAN DE.R GRINTEN AND LINDA L GREGORY grown directly on the mats in a nurs a uniform layer, we pull a wooden rosion control mats effec ery setting, and then placed where board, cut to the proper depth and tively stabilize erosion needed for erosion control, we might resting on the frame, along the prone slopes allowing seed improve our success. length of the frame. When watered, mixes to establish. Over After testing several erosion con the medium settles to about 1.25 ___ time, the mats decompose trol mats, thickness of media, and cm (0.5 in) thickness. We sow red and the established vegetatio~ stabi species of grasses and forbs, we found fesuce (Festuca rubra L. [Poaceae]) by a combination that works well for lizes soil from erosion. The success of ABSTRACT mats and seed mixes has some limita our sites in Acadia National Park. tions on sites where disturbance is We unroll 1.2 x 21 m (4 x 66 ft) We grow grasses directly on erosion created by higher energy water flows Bon Terra HP90 (Bon Terra America, control mats in the nursery and or from concentrated foot traffic. At Moscow, Idaho); 100% biodegrad then transport the sod to sites where Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, able coir fiber mat (1.25 cm (I . establishing permanent vegetation is Maine, we had problems stabilizing in) thick) on top of weed barrier difficult due to adverse human or and vegetating drainage ditches that (allows water and air to pass through) environmental factors. The vegetated experienced high water flows from or black plastic inside a wooden erosion control mats system is a concentrated rainstorms. We found frame. The wooden frame rests on simple, viable method that can be that erosion control mats would sta . the ground. effectively used to provide immediate ... bilize the soil, but the seed mix We spread Metro-Mix 360 (horti erosion control and visual appeal. l> was hard to establish because flowing cultural vermiculite, Canadian sphag ... KEYWORDS: nursery, coir fiber, red water washed seeds away and late num peat moss, processed bark ash, ..., fesuce, Festuca rubra, Poaceae o seeding dates and environmental lim and white sand; The Scotts Com o o itations reduced seedling growth. We pany, Marysville, Ohio) about 2.5 cm NOMENCLATURE: ITIS (I 998) thought that if plants could be (I in) deep (Figure 1). To obtain Appendix F. Nursery Inventory, May 2000 Plant Species Number White Birch (Betula papyrifera) 150 plants Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) 81 plants White Pine (Pinus strobus) . 145 plants Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) 7 plants Pitch Pine (Pinus rigida) 5 plants Red Maple (Acer rubrum), some unhealthy 32 plants Red Spruce (Picea rubens), some unhealthy 48 plants White spruce (Picea glauca) 9 plants Wild Raisin (Viburnum cassino ides) 118 plants Meadowsweet (Spiraea latifolia) 62 plants Willow (Salix spp.) 56 plants Winterberry (Ilex vertic illata) 84 plants Wild Rose (Rosa virginiana) 10 plants Juniper (Juniperus horizontalis) 37 plants Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) 161 plants Lowbush Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium)(2 salvage) 6 plants Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) 110 plants Sheep Laurel (Kalmia angustifolium) 33 plants Downy Goldenrod (Solidago puberula) 10 bookplanters Canada Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis) 15 bookplanters Rough-stemmed Goldenrod (Solidago rugosa) 12 bookplanters New York Aster (Aster novi-belgii) 30 bookplanters Large Leaf Aster (Aster macrophyllus) 30 bookplanters, 4 pots White Flattop Aster (Aster umbellatus) 2 bookplanters Flattop Aster & Large-leaf Aster (combo) 12 bookplanters Red Fescue (Festuca rubra) 18 bookplanters (910 plugs) Beach Head Iris (Iris setosa) 5 plants Mountain Ash (Sorbus americana) 4 plants White Ash (Fraxinus americana) 2 plants Serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.)(2 salvage) 4 plants Alder (Alnus spp.) 1 plant Sweetfem (Comptonia peregrina) (salvage) 1 plant Red Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) (salvage) 3 plants Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea) 15 plants Red Oak (Quercus rubra) 6 plants Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) 1 plant Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) 4 plants (for educational display!) 32