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Kill 'Em All—Let God Sort 'Em Out

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Kill 'Em All—Let God Sort 'Em Out ChurchChurch HistoryHistory ChurchChurch HistoryHistory IntroductionIntroduction toto ChurchChurch HistoryHistory st rd TheThe AncientAncient ChurchChurch AD 11st-3-3rd centuriescenturies th th TheThe RiseRise ofof ChristendomChristendom AD 44th-5-5th centuriescenturies th th TheThe EarlyEarly MiddleMiddle AgesAges AD 66th-10-10th centuriescenturies th th TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades AD 1111th-13-13th centuriescenturies th th TheThe RenaissanceRenaissance AD 1414th-15-15th centuriescenturies th ConquestConquest andand ReformationReformation AD 1616th centurycentury th th TheThe AgeAge ofof EnlightenmentEnlightenment AD 1717th-18-18th centuriescenturies th TheThe AgeAge ofof RevolutionRevolution AD 1919th centurycentury th TheThe ModernModern AgeAge AD 2020th centurycentury st TheThe PostmodernPostmodern AgeAge AD 2121st centurycentury ChurchChurch HistoryHistory IntroductionIntroduction toto ChurchChurch HistoryHistory st rd TheThe AncientAncient ChurchChurch AD 11st-3-3rd centuriescenturies th th TheThe RiseRise ofof ChristendomChristendom AD 44th-5-5th centuriescenturies th th TheThe EarlyEarly MiddleMiddle AgesAges AD 66th-10-10th centuriescenturies th th TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades AD 1111th-13-13th centuriescenturies West vs. East The First Crusade(s) The Crusades Become a Fad Kill 'em All—Let God Sort 'em Out... TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades TheThe bloodshedbloodshed continues...continues... 11991199 RichardRichard dieddied fromfrom thatthat crossbowcrossbow woundwound andand PhilipPhilip immediatelyimmediately turnedturned onon hishis once-once- ally,ally, thethe newlynewly crownedcrowned KingKing JohnJohn Between Philip reconquering his former territories (and thus declaring independence from the Holy Roman Empire), the growth of a new, stronger kingdom in Hungary, etc., the face of Europe was changing again And everybody was happily slaughtering everyone, seeing this a time for payback... TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades TheThe bloodshedbloodshed continues...continues... 11991199 RichardRichard dieddied fromfrom thatthat crossbowcrossbow woundwound 12021202 TheThe FourthFourth CrusadeCrusade beganbegan PopePope InnocentInnocent IIIIII tooktook thethe thronethrone inin 1198,1198, andand quicklyquickly assertedasserted himselfhimself asas aa powerfulpowerful rulerruler Having tried to preach a new crusade and failed, Innocent insinuated himself into the power struggle to decide who would be the next king of Sicily—who would then be in line to become the next Holy Roman Emperor TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades TheThe bloodshedbloodshed continues...continues... 11991199 RichardRichard dieddied fromfrom thatthat crossbowcrossbow woundwound 12021202 TheThe FourthFourth CrusadeCrusade beganbegan PopePope InnocentInnocent IIIIII tooktook thethe thronethrone inin 1198,1198, andand quicklyquickly assertedasserted himselfhimself asas aa powerfulpowerful rulerruler Having tried to preach a new crusade and failed, Innocent insinuated himself into the power struggle to decide who would be the next king of Sicily—who would then be in line to become the next Holy Roman Emperor Richard and Philip had backed different contenders, naturally Innocent backed Richard's nephew, Otto, since Otto's family had traditionally opposed the Holy Roman Emperor's dominant Hohenstaufen clan (this served to further intertwine Rome and England quite dramatically) TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades TheThe bloodshedbloodshed continues...continues... 11991199 RichardRichard dieddied fromfrom thatthat crossbowcrossbow woundwound 12021202 TheThe FourthFourth CrusadeCrusade beganbegan PopePope InnocentInnocent IIIIII tooktook thethe thronethrone inin 1198,1198, andand quicklyquickly assertedasserted himselfhimself asas aa powerfulpowerful rulerruler As part of a means of settlement, Innocent ruled that the German princes could decide the King of Sicily, but that the Pope must be allowed to decide if a king is worthy of his crown (otherwise, how could the Church ever make sure that a Pope wouldn't be forced to bless the coronation of a heretic or a pagan?) TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades TheThe bloodshedbloodshed continues...continues... 11991199 RichardRichard dieddied fromfrom thatthat crossbowcrossbow woundwound 12021202 TheThe FourthFourth CrusadeCrusade beganbegan PopePope InnocentInnocent IIIIII tooktook thethe thronethrone inin 1198,1198, andand quicklyquickly assertedasserted himselfhimself asas aa powerfulpowerful rulerruler As part of a means of settlement, Innocent ruled that the German princes could decide the King of Sicily, but that the Pope must be allowed to decide if a king is worthy of his crown If a Pope decides that a king is un-worthy, the princes would then be forced to pick another one (until they finally find one that the Pope liked enough to allow to become king) Thus, Innocent controlled not only who gets to be installed as the Emperor, but also who gets to be in the pool of people who might get to be installed as the Emperor... TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades TheThe bloodshedbloodshed continues...continues... 11991199 RichardRichard dieddied fromfrom thatthat crossbowcrossbow woundwound 12021202 TheThe FourthFourth CrusadeCrusade beganbegan PopePope InnocentInnocent IIIIII tooktook thethe thronethrone inin 11981198 InnocentInnocent calledcalled FrenchFrench priestpriest FulkFulk ofof NeuillyNeuilly toto preachpreach aa newnew CrusadeCrusade Among those converted to the cause was the powerful Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester and the Venetian Boniface of Montferrat, who was elected to be the leader of the Crusade TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades FunkyFunky littlelittle teachingteaching moment—moment— IfIf you'llyou'll remember,remember, backback inin 1180,1180, thethe VenetiansVenetians inin ConstantinopleConstantinople becamebecame veryvery powerful,powerful, thanksthanks toto theirtheir royalroyal patronagepatronage byby thethe EmpressEmpress MariaMaria TheyThey werewere soso powerfulpowerful thatthat whenwhen MariaMaria waswas deposeddeposed andand replacedreplaced withwith thethe newnew EmperorEmperor AndronikosAndronikos II inin 1182,1182, thethe peoplepeople ofof thethe citycity riotedrioted andand slaughteredslaughtered LatinLatin ChristiansChristians byby thethe hundredshundreds —including—including childrenchildren andand thethe sicksick The remaining Venetians had been expelled from the city, and from all other Byzantine ports and cities TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades FunkyFunky littlelittle teachingteaching moment—moment— IfIf you'llyou'll remember,remember, backback inin 1180,1180, thethe VenetiansVenetians inin ConstantinopleConstantinople becamebecame veryvery powerful,powerful, thanksthanks toto theirtheir royalroyal patronagepatronage byby thethe EmpressEmpress MariaMaria SinceSince thisthis CrusadeCrusade wouldwould bebe aa navalnaval exercise,exercise, focusedfocused onon attackingattacking thethe AyyubidsAyyubids inin Egypt,Egypt, VeniceVenice happilyhappily offeredoffered toto convoyconvoy thethe CrusadersCrusaders toto thethe East,East, supplyingsupplying themthem withwith oneone thirdthird ofof thethe VenetianVenetian populationpopulation toto traveltravel alongsidealongside ofof themthem ButBut theythey requiredrequired aa hugehuge sumsum asas paymentpayment forfor allall ofof this—allthis—all butbut bankruptingbankrupting thethe CrusadeCrusade atat itsits startstart To help with all of this cost, the Venetian leaders demanded that the Crusaders refinance themselves by raiding Byzantine ports along the way... X X X X TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades FunkyFunky littlelittle teachingteaching moment—moment— IfIf you'llyou'll remember,remember, backback inin 1180,1180, thethe VenetiansVenetians inin ConstantinopleConstantinople becamebecame veryvery powerful,powerful, thanksthanks toto theirtheir royalroyal patronagepatronage byby thethe EmpressEmpress MariaMaria SinceSince thisthis CrusadeCrusade wouldwould bebe aa navalnaval exercise,exercise, focusedfocused onon attackingattacking thethe AyyubidsAyyubids inin Egypt,Egypt, VeniceVenice happilyhappily offeredoffered toto convoyconvoy thethe CrusadersCrusaders toto thethe East,East, supplyingsupplying themthem withwith oneone thirdthird ofof thethe VenetianVenetian populationpopulation toto traveltravel alongsidealongside ofof themthem ButBut theythey requiredrequired aa hugehuge sumsum asas paymentpayment forfor allall ofof this—allthis—all butbut bankruptingbankrupting thethe CrusadeCrusade atat itsits startstart To help with all of this cost, the Venetian leaders demanded that the Crusaders refinance themselves by raiding Byzantine ports along the way... Simon de Montfort refused to participate on ethical grounds, but Boniface of Montferrat supported Venice's demands But the first port they attacked was actually the Catholic port of Zara, in Dalmatia (a longtime Venetian rival) TheThe AgeAge ofof CrusadesCrusades FunkyFunky littlelittle teachingteaching moment—moment— IfIf you'llyou'll remember,remember, backback inin 1180,1180, thethe VenetiansVenetians inin ConstantinopleConstantinople becamebecame veryvery powerful,powerful, thanksthanks toto theirtheir royalroyal patronagepatronage byby thethe EmpressEmpress MariaMaria SinceSince thisthis CrusadeCrusade wouldwould bebe aa navalnaval exercise,exercise, focusedfocused onon attackingattacking thethe AyyubidsAyyubids inin Egypt,Egypt, VeniceVenice happilyhappily offeredoffered toto convoyconvoy thethe CrusadersCrusaders toto thethe EastEast TheThe peoplepeople
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