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PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH Volume-7 | Issue-5 | May-2018 | PRINT ISSN No 2250-1991 purpose which was collected from 3 districts of Maharashtra & the Painganga river is the chief river of the region. Effort was made to select the respondents Yavatmal district in the Maharashtra state in India. This river from each district i.e. 10% of total villages in each district and originates in the Ajanta ranges in Aurangabad district in from each selected villages 10 farmers were selected i.e. from Maharashtra. This dam is on the Painganga River at isapur, Yavatmal 50, Hingoli 70, and 180. Tq. Yavatmal Dist., this dam provides irrigation to three districts which are Hingoli, Nanded and Yavatmal of Maharashtra. There Ÿ Method of sampling: purposive sampling was used in the are two projects on the river namely upper Painganga and lower research. Painganga project. Upper Painganga project consist two dams these are Isapur dam and sapli dam. Ÿ Sample Unit: Farmers in Marathwada & Vidharbha region including 3 districts i.e. Yawatmal, Hingoli & Nanded. Godawari Marathwada Irrigation Development Corpotration Aurangabad started construction of upper Painganga project in Ÿ Selection of the study area: Study area is isapur dam and 1971. The construction of Isapur dam is over on construction of this dam provides irrigation to three districts mainly Yawatmal, Sapali dam is under construction. The construction work left canal Hingoli & Nanded. of Isapur dam has completed and out of 15937 hectors Irrigation, 14062 hectors Irrigation sector has created at the end of june Ÿ Data collection: 2009, and their work is in process. In the same way, the Ÿ Primary Data: Primary data was collected from the sample construction of right canal of dam has completed up to 115 km, respondents by using interview & filling pretested construction between 116 to 140 km. is in process. At the end of questionnaires. june 2009 out of 91153 hectors irrigation 71490 hectors irrigation Ÿ Secondary Data: The secondary data has been collected sectors has created by right canal of Isappur dam. gathered from the concerned Government officers of Nanded and Walmi Aurangabad, Gokhale Institute Pune, Agricultural According to fifth revised estimate of upper Painganga Project by University Parbhani, Books, Research Papers, Research Godavari Marathwada irrigation Development Corporation Journals, Published Data & Websites etc. Aurangabad. The estimate cost of upper Painganga is 355028 lakh. Review of Literature: Sangle S.T. (1996) has studied an impacyt of irrigation in jaikwadi Features of Isapur dam command area, using the multistage stratified random sampling. Ÿ The study indicated that the cropping pattern in commend area Dam provides Irrigation to three Districts Hingoli, Yavatmal was in favor of commercial crops and high water consumption and Nanded. Ÿ crops as compared to un-commanded area. Further this study Total catchment area of Isapur dam is 4636 Sq. Km. indicated that the degree of diversifiable was more in command Ÿ Gross command area of Isapur dam is 19675 hectors. area in compared to un-commanded area and irrigation has Ÿ Net irrigable command area is 15937. enchased the average per hector productivity of almost all crops in Ÿ Cultivable command area is 17708. command area. Ÿ B.C. Ratio is 1.62 Ÿ Cost of water storage including Bandharas on Painganga river Shekhawat M.S. and Singh K.K. (1997) they have evaluated in per M.cum is Rs. 400649. their article on “Better Management of Water” that in India just 25% rain water is utilized for irrigation. The total irrigation a) Villages under submergence are 29 water storage of Isapur efficiency in the canal command area is very low and there is a vast dam Gross storage 1279.06 mcum Live storage 964.10 mcum gap between the potential created and exploited. The loss of water Deal storage 314.97 mcum is not only wastage of race resource created at huge cost but it results in the two problems of water logging and soil salinization Data Analysis and interpolation:

Shivannappan, R.K.(2005) he has studied in his article on Table No.1.1 Opportunities arise by Isapur dam “Ensuring water for all” that water has emerged as the most Sr. No. Particulars Types of farmers Total crucial factor for sustaining the agricultural Sector in the coming years. India accounts for sixteen percent of the world's human Small Medium Big population and nearly thirty percent of the cattle with only 2.4 farmers Farmers farmers percent of the land area and 4 percent of water resources. 1 Employment 30 77 55 162 generation Koli P.A. and Bondhale A.C. (2006) The writer have suggested in their book on 'Irrigation Development in India' that due to a lack of 2 Agricultural 40 178 76 294 irrigation facilities successful cultivation is not possible in large part development of our country; In the absence of irrigation facilities, there are large 3 Agro-Industrial 32 150 66 248 areas in our country which often produce one crop. development 4 Industrial 25 133 59 217 Kurulkar R.P. (2009) has studied the “Problems of regional development disparities in Maharashtra state with special reference to the fact finding committee report (1984) and the indicators and backlog 5 Basic 35 167 68 270 committee report (1997). He concluded that the problem of Infrastructuredev regional disparities exists at the state level, national and elopment international. Between 19984 and 1994,. The data show that the 6 Other 12 77 45 134 regional disparities. 7 Total 174 255 131 560

Sachidanand Mukharji (2016) in his article “Role of water (Source: Primary data) resources management in economic development” he has The above table shows the opportunities arises due to Isapur dam remarked that the water level is dangerously decreasing in India. in a command area. From this table it is indicated that various Rice, sugar cane and other crops requiring huge water for opportunities like Employment generation, agricultural cultivated during the year. Uncertainty in water supply to barrages, development, agro industrial development, basic infrastructure less investment in ground water irrigation facility. has been developed in the command area of Isapur dam. As a result of this socio economic conditions of the farmers has been Profile of Issapur Dam developed. Isapur dam is one of the major dams in Maharashtra it is in 68 www.worldwidejournals.com PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH Volume-7 | Issue-5 | May-2018 | PRINT ISSN No 2250-1991 Graph No.1.1. Opportunities arise by Isapur dam command area is 19675 hectors and net irrigable command area is 15937 hectors. 5) Farmers are not having access to information about Isapur dam canal water. The information about storage of water, opening and closing dates of canal rotation and quantum of water flow are not available to the farmers. 6) It is observed that in some command area farmers totally depends on Isapur dam water for irrigation purpose and maximum farmers are using canal along with Well, Tube Well and other sources. Out of 300 beneficiaries 139 (including small, medium and big farmers) are using canal water for their farm and 76 beneficiaries use Bore well and 73 beneficiaries use well. The level of ground water is totally depends upon Hypothesis Testing canal water. So indirectly beneficiaries of well and bore well H1- The project will be socio economically beneficial to the depend upon canal water of this dam. command area. 7) This dam's canal irrigation has increased and created the The researcher has used benefit cost ratio for testing this employment opportunity to the farm labors in command area. hypothesis 8) Due to irrigation facility the farmers have become happy and their attitude is turned towards the farming of horticulture Benefit cost ratio:- and floriculture. A benefit cost ratio (BCR) attempt to identify the relationship 9) In some commend area farmers are using flow irrigation between the cost and benefits of a proposed project. A benefit – method. Drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation methods. 37% cost ratio (BCR) is an indicator, used in cost benefit analysis that beneficiaries are using drip irrigation, 23% beneficiaries are attempts to summarize the overall value of money of a project. using sprinklers irrigation and 30.66% are using surface Benefit cost formula = The total value of the benefits irrigation. The total value of the costs 10) It is clearly indicate, that the Isapur dams canal irrigation has played vital role in the development of agricultural area and Table No. 1.2. Benefit cost ratio ultimately it was an inspiration in financial betterment of the farmers & their socio economic conditions has been improved. Years Annual Annual Calculation B.C. Expenditure Benefits of B.C. Ratio Ratio Conclusion: in Lakh While analyzing the data researcher found important factors, 2005-06 8420.92 37170.65 4.41 4.41:1 which are related to demographic conditions of the respondents. 2006-07 6164.63 37959.21 6.15 6.15:1 Due to Isapur dam irrigation majority of respondents 79% 2007-08 8118.47 40056.67 4.93 4.93:1 commented that they have purchased land, their annual income have been increased, they have huge livestock's up to 50 %, some 2008-09 10446.57 44307.68 4.24 4.24:1 of farmers purchased a tractors, own house their standard of living 2009-10 47168 46943.80 1 1:1 has been increased. Their food consumption habits has been (Source: Upper Painganga Project, Division Nanded) changed. Overall respondent's response showed good remarkable growth & development in socio economic conditions.

References: 1. Chadra, D.R. and Singh, G.N. (1987). Impact of Irrigation on Crop Production in Ram Ganga Command Area. Agriculture Situation in India, Vol. 42 (9), pp.781- 786. 2. Deshpande, D.D, and Supe, S.V. (1989). Problems of Farmers in Canal Irrigation. Indian Journal of Agriculture Economics, Vol.44, No.3, July-Sep. p.290. 3. Koli, P.A. and Bodhale, A.C. (2006). Irrigation Development in India. Serials Publications, New Delhi, p. 1. 92 Op. Cit, pp.1-9. 4. Palanisami, K. (1984). Irrigation Water Management, the Determination of Canal Water Distribution in India – A Micro Analysis. Agricole Publishing Academy, New Delhi, Taken from Mohammed Yousuf (1990). Irrigation Plan Practice Perspective. Ajanta Publications, Delhi, p.6. The graph is showing BCR of Isapur dam for five years and this is 5. Sadegihi, J.M. (1978). Economic Impacts of Increased Water Supply on small Farms in Iran. Indian Journal of Agriculture Economics, Vol. 32(2), pp.62-69. more than 1 it indicates benefits are more cost of this project it 6. Shekhawat, M.S. and Singh, K.K. (1997). Better Management of Water. Yojana, includes profitability of this project for command area. So the first Vol. 41, No. 7, July, pp.17-22. hypothesis i.e. the projects will be socio economically beneficial to 7. Singh, D.V. and Saraswat, S.P. (1984). Impact of Irrigation on Cropping Pattern and Farm Income under Optimal Solution. Indian Journal of Agriculture Economics, Vol. the command area is accepted. 39(3), pp.540-541. 8. Sivanappan, R.K. (2005). Ensuring Water for All. The Hindu Survey of Indian The projects will be socio economically beneficial to the command Agriculture 2006, pp. 154-156. 9. Suryawanshi, S.D. and Kapase, P.M. (1985). Impact of Chod Irrigation Project on area. The Isapur dam has played vital role in the development of Employment of female Agriculture Labour. Indian Journal of Agriculture agricultural area and ultimately it was an inspiration in financial Economics, Vol. XL, No.3, July-September, pp.240-244. betterment of the farmers because of this the socio economic condition of the respondents changed remarkably. They leading improved their standard of living. So the first hypothesis i.e. the project will be socio economically beneficial to the command area is accepted.

Findings:- 1) The Isapur dam provides irrigation benefits mainly to three districts i.e. Yavatmal, Hingoli & Nanded. 2) The lands in study area are fertile and capable for growing variety of crops. 3) After completion of construction work, the Isapur dam providing irrigation through canals to 164 villages of Nanded districts, 70 Villages of Hingoli districts and 49 Villages of Yavatmal districts. 4) Total catchment area of Isapur dam is 4636 Sq. Km, Gross www.worldwidejournals.com 69