4.3 Telluric Correction in CARMENES
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The Near-Infrared Multi-Band Ultraprecise Spectroimager for SOFIA
NIMBUS: The Near-Infrared Multi-Band Ultraprecise Spectroimager for SOFIA Michael W. McElwaina, Avi Mandella, Bruce Woodgatea, David S. Spiegelb, Nikku Madhusudhanc, Edward Amatuccia, Cullen Blaked, Jason Budinoffa, Adam Burgassere, Adam Burrowsd, Mark Clampina, Charlie Conroyf, L. Drake Demingg, Edward Dunhamh, Roger Foltza, Qian Gonga, Heather Knutsoni, Theodore Muencha, Ruth Murray-Clayf, Hume Peabodya, Bernard Rauschera, Stephen A. Rineharta, Geronimo Villanuevaj aNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA; bInstitute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA; cYale University, New Haven, CT, USA; dPrinceton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; eUniversity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; fHarvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA; gUniversity of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; hLowell Observatory, Flagstaff, AZ, USA; iCalifornia Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA; jCatholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA. ABSTRACT We present a new and innovative near-infrared multi-band ultraprecise spectroimager (NIMBUS) for SOFIA. This design is capable of characterizing a large sample of extrasolar planet atmospheres by measuring elemental and molecular abundances during primary transit and occultation. This wide-field spectroimager would also provide new insights into Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNO), Solar System occultations, brown dwarf atmospheres, carbon chemistry in globular clusters, chemical gradients in nearby galaxies, and galaxy photometric redshifts. NIMBUS would be the premier ultraprecise -
View of the Interior Structure
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date: 17-Sep-2010 I, Benjamin Frank Bubnick , hereby submit this original work as part of the requirements for the degree of: Master of Science in Physics It is entitled: Massive Stellar Clusters in the Disk of the Milky Way Galaxy Student Signature: Benjamin Frank Bubnick This work and its defense approved by: Committee Chair: Margaret Hanson, PhD Margaret Hanson, PhD 10/4/2010 1,102 Massive Stellar Clusters in the Disk of the Milky Way Galaxy A Thesis submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Physics of the College of Arts and Sciences 2010 by Benjamin Bubnick Committee Chair: Margaret Hanson ABSTRACT Title of thesis: Massive Stellar Clusters in the Disk Of the Milky Way Galaxy Benjamin Bubnick, Master of Science, 2010 Thesis directed by: Professor Margaret Hanson Department of Physics This thesis outlines successful efforts for identifying and characterizing the stellar content of two Galactic disk star clusters using near-infrared observations. Astronomers have a great wealth of knowledge about globular clusters. They are easy to see as most lie outside the plane of the galaxy in the halo. Extinction is low, the stellar population is dense in the cluster, and they are fairly common. However, in the plane of the galaxy, relatively little is known of the open cluster population. Galactic disk open clusters, such as the two discussed in this thesis, are hidden behind gas, dust, and projected against a multitude of field stars. -
A Method of Correcting Near-Infrared Spectra for Telluric Absorption1
Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 115:389–409, 2003 March ᭧ 2003. The Astronomical Society of the Pacific. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. A Method of Correcting Near-Infrared Spectra for Telluric Absorption1 William D. Vacca,2 Michael C. Cushing, and John T. Rayner Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822; [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Received 2002 October 29; accepted 2002 November 8 ABSTRACT. We present a method for correcting near-infrared medium-resolution spectra for telluric absorption. The method makes use of a spectrum of an A0 V star, observed near in time and close in air mass to the target object, and a high-resolution model of Vega, to construct a telluric correction spectrum that is free of stellar absorption features. The technique was designed specifically to perform telluric corrections on spectra obtained with SpeX, a 0.8–5.5 mm medium-resolution cross-dispersed spectrograph at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility, and uses the fact that for medium resolutions there exist spectral regions uncontaminated by atmospheric absorption lines. However, it is also applicable (in a somewhat modified form) to spectra obtained with other near-infrared spectrographs. An IDL-based code that carries out the procedures is available for downloading via the World Wide Web. 1. INTRODUCTION are designed to study the H lines in the spectrum of the object Ground-based near-infrared spectroscopy (∼1–5 mm) has of interest. One technique commonly adopted in order to pre- always been hampered by the strong and variable absorption serve the other desirable qualities of A stars as telluric and flux features due to the Earth’s atmosphere. -
Pulsating Components in Binary and Multiple Stellar Systems---A
Research in Astron. & Astrophys. Vol.15 (2015) No.?, 000–000 (Last modified: — December 6, 2014; 10:26 ) Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics Pulsating Components in Binary and Multiple Stellar Systems — A Catalog of Oscillating Binaries ∗ A.-Y. Zhou National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; [email protected] Abstract We present an up-to-date catalog of pulsating binaries, i.e. the binary and multiple stellar systems containing pulsating components, along with a statistics on them. Compared to the earlier compilation by Soydugan et al.(2006a) of 25 δ Scuti-type ‘oscillating Algol-type eclipsing binaries’ (oEA), the recent col- lection of 74 oEA by Liakos et al.(2012), and the collection of Cepheids in binaries by Szabados (2003a), the numbers and types of pulsating variables in binaries are now extended. The total numbers of pulsating binary/multiple stellar systems have increased to be 515 as of 2014 October 26, among which 262+ are oscillating eclipsing binaries and the oEA containing δ Scuti componentsare updated to be 96. The catalog is intended to be a collection of various pulsating binary stars across the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. We reviewed the open questions, advances and prospects connecting pulsation/oscillation and binarity. The observational implication of binary systems with pulsating components, to stellar evolution theories is also addressed. In addition, we have searched the Simbad database for candidate pulsating binaries. As a result, 322 candidates were extracted. Furthermore, a brief statistics on Algol-type eclipsing binaries (EA) based on the existing catalogs is given. We got 5315 EA, of which there are 904 EA with spectral types A and F. -
508-764-2554 Like to Embrace Rather Than Avoid
PROUD MEDIA SPONSOR OF SOUTHBRIDGE AREA RELAY FOR LIFE! SERVING OUR READERS SINCE 1923 WEDNESDAY , M AY 13, 2009 (508) 764-4325/VISIT US AT: www.theheartofmassachusetts.com Newsstand: 60 cents TODAY’S QUOTE A busy June ballot CANDIDATES FOR COUNCIL HEAD LIST “My closest relation 10 BY GUS STEEVES is myself.” NEWS STAFF WRITER SOUTHBRIDGE — For the — Terence last several elections, Southbridge has bucked the tendency of local races to be TOMORROW’S fairly humdrum. This year T ’ is no exception. WEATHER In fact, the June 30 ballot promises to be the most crowded in recent years. Ten people are running for three seats on the Town Council, five for two school committee seats, and two for town clerk. While many names on the list are repeat candidates, there are several new faces. “This is the first [annual election] where pretty much everybody who pulled out papers returned them,” said Showers Town Clerk Madaline High 64 Daoust. “Maybe we’ll get a Low 53 lot more people to come out VFW AWARDS NIGHT to vote.” In fact, just one person, INNING Shawn Kelley photo W INNING who took out papers for Bay all the candidates last night File photo LOTTERY SOUTHBRIDGE — VFW Man of the Year — Southbridge Police Path School Committee, did in an effort to sample the dif- Poll workers go over absentee bal- Chief Daniel Charette — sits with his wife, Kathleen, and son not return them, leaving that ferent views at issue this lots at West Street School to veri- NUMBERS Jacob, 12, at the group’s 63rd annual testimonial banquet seat without a candidate. -
CORRECTING for TELLURIC ABSORPTION: METHODS, CASE STUDIES, and RELEASE of the Telfit CODE
The Astronomical Journal, 148:53 (6pp), 2014 September doi:10.1088/0004-6256/148/3/53 C 2014. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. CORRECTING FOR TELLURIC ABSORPTION: METHODS, CASE STUDIES, AND RELEASE OF THE TelFit CODE Kevin Gullikson1, Sarah Dodson-Robinson2, and Adam Kraus1 1 Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA 2 Department of Physics and Astronomy, 217 Sharp Lab, Newark, DE 19716, USA Received 2014 April 25; accepted 2014 June 21; published 2014 August 13 ABSTRACT Ground-based astronomical spectra are contaminated by the Earth’s atmosphere to varying degrees in all spectral regions. We present a Python code that can accurately fit a model to the telluric absorption spectrum present in astronomical data, with residuals of ∼3%–5% of the continuum for moderately strong lines. We demonstrate the quality of the correction by fitting the telluric spectrum in a nearly featureless A0V star, HIP 20264, as well as to a series of dwarf M star spectra near the 819 nm sodium doublet. We directly compare the results to an empirical telluric correction of HIP 20264 and find that our model-fitting procedure is at least as good and sometimes more accurate. The telluric correction code, which we make freely available to the astronomical community, can be used as a replacement for telluric standard star observations for many purposes. Key words: atmospheric effects – instrumentation: spectrographs – techniques: spectroscopic Online-only material: color figures 2 1. INTRODUCTION In this paper we describe Telfit, a code that acts as a wrapper to LBLRTM and allows for easy fitting of the telluric spectrum All ground-based astronomical spectra suffer from contam- in astronomical data. -
The QANTAS/CROYDON Total Solar Eclipse Flight 23 November 2003 UT
9/23/03 1 The QANTAS/CROYDON Total Solar Eclipse Flight 23 November 2003 UT Mission Planning & Definition Overview REQUIREMENTS for Assisted Real-Time Computation and Navigation Dr. Glenn Schneider, Ph. D. Associate Astronomer & NICMOS Project Instrument Scientist Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona 85750 USA Contact email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: http://nicmosis.as.arizona.edu:8000 Abstract No total solar eclipse has ever been observed from Antarctica both because of the infrequency of occurrence and the logistical complexities associated with Antarctic operations. This paradigm of elusivity regarding Antarctic eclipses in the historical record of science and exploration is about to be broken. The next total solar eclipse, which occurs on 23 November 2003 U.T., the first in the Antarctic since 12 November 1985, will be very largely unobserved due to the geographic remoteness of the path of totality. Yet, interest in securing phenomenological observations of, and associated with, the eclipse by members of the scientific research communities engaged in solar physics, astrodynamics, aeronomy and upper atmospheric physics, as well as educators and amateur astronomers has been extremely high. The development of a flight concept to enable airborne observations, with a dedicated aircraft chartered from QANTAS Airlines, will permit the previously unobtainable to be accomplished. To do so successfully requires detailed preparatory planning for the execution of such a flight. The technical groundwork to achieving this goal has been pursued with diligence over the past four years and is predicated on a legacy and computational infrastructure capability founded on more than three decades of eclipse planning for ground, sea, and airborne venues. -
YARARA: Significant Improvement in RV Precision Through Post-Processing of Spectral Time Series
A&A 653, A43 (2021) Astronomy https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140986 & c ESO 2021 Astrophysics YARARA: Significant improvement in RV precision through post-processing of spectral time series M. Cretignier , X. Dumusque , N. C. Hara , and F. Pepe Astronomy Department of the University of Geneva, 51 ch. des Maillettes, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland e-mail: [email protected] Received 2 April 2021 / Accepted 14 June 2021 ABSTRACT Aims. Even the most precise radial-velocity instruments gather high-resolution spectra that present systematic errors that a data re- duction pipeline cannot identify and correct for efficiently by simply analysing a set of calibrations and a single science frame. In this paper we aim at improving the radial-velocity precision of HARPS measurements by ‘cleaning’ individual extracted spectra using the wealth of information contained in spectral time series. Methods. We developed YARARA, a post-processing pipeline designed to clean high-resolution spectra of instrumental systemat- ics and atmospheric contamination. Spectra are corrected for: tellurics, interference patterns, detector stitching, ghosts, and fibre B contaminations, as well as more advanced spectral line-by-line corrections. YARARA uses principal component analysis on spectral time series with prior information to disentangle contaminations from real Doppler shifts. We applied YARARA to three systems, HD 10700, HD 215152, and HD 10180, and compared our results to the standard HARPS data reduction software and the SERVAL post-processing pipeline. Results. We ran YARARA on the radial-velocity dataset of three stars intensively observed with HARPS: HD 10700, HD 215152, and HD 10180. For HD 10700, we show that YARARA enables us to obtain radial-velocity measurements that present an rms smaller than 1 m s−1 over the 13 years of the HARPS observations, which is 20% and 10% better than the HARPS data reduction software and the SERVAL post-processing pipeline, respectively. -
Tez.Pdf (5.401Mb)
ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ ÖRTEN DEĞİŞEN YILDIZLARDA DÖNEM DEĞİŞİMİNİN YILDIZLARIN FİZİKSEL PARAMETRELERİNE BAĞIMLILIĞININ ARAŞTIRILMASI Uğurcan SAĞIR ASTRONOMİ VE UZAY BİLİMLERİ ANABİLİM DALI ANKARA 2006 Her hakkı saklıdır TEŞEKKÜR Tez çalışmam esnasında bana araştırma olanağı sağlayan ve çalışmamın her safhasında yakın ilgi ve önerileri ile beni yönlendiren danışman hocam Sayın Yrd.Doç.Dr. Birol GÜROL’a ve maddi manevi her türlü desteği benden esirgemeyen aileme teşekkürlerimi sunarım. Uğurcan SAĞIR Ankara, Şubat 2006 iii İÇİNDEKİLER ÖZET………………………………………………………………….......................... i ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………....................... ii TEŞEKKÜR……………………………………………………………...................... iii SİMGELER DİZİNİ…………………………………………………….................... vii ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ...................................................................................................... x ÇİZELGELER DİZİNİ.............................................................................................. xiv 1. GİRİŞ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Çalışmanın Kapsamı................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Örten Çift Sistemlerin Türleri ve Özellikleri........................................................ 1 2. KURAMSAL TEMELLER................................................................................... 3 2.1 Örten Değişen Yıldızlarda Dönem Değişim Nedenleri.................................. -
Information Bulletin on Variable Stars
COMMISSIONS AND OF THE I A U INFORMATION BULLETIN ON VARIABLE STARS Nos April November EDITORS L SZABADOS K OLAH TECHNICAL EDITOR A HOLL TYPESETTING MB POCS ADMINISTRATION Zs KOVARI EDITORIAL BOARD E Budding HW Duerb eck EF Guinan P Harmanec chair D Kurtz KC Leung C Maceroni NN Samus advisor C Sterken advisor H BUDAPEST XI I Box HUNGARY URL httpwwwkonkolyhuIBVSIBVShtml HU ISSN 2 IBVS 4701 { 4800 COPYRIGHT NOTICE IBVS is published on b ehalf of the th and nd Commissions of the IAU by the Konkoly Observatory Budap est Hungary Individual issues could b e downloaded for scientic and educational purp oses free of charge Bibliographic information of the recent issues could b e entered to indexing sys tems No IBVS issues may b e stored in a public retrieval system in any form or by any means electronic or otherwise without the prior written p ermission of the publishers Prior written p ermission of the publishers is required for entering IBVS issues to an electronic indexing or bibliographic system to o IBVS 4701 { 4800 3 CONTENTS WOLFGANG MOSCHNER ENRIQUE GARCIAMELENDO GSC A New Variable in the Field of V Cassiop eiae :::::::::: JM GOMEZFORRELLAD E GARCIAMELENDO J GUARROFLO J NOMENTORRES J VIDALSAINZ Observations of Selected HIPPARCOS Variables ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: JM GOMEZFORRELLAD HD a New Low Amplitude Variable Star :::::::::::::::::::::::::: ME VAN DEN ANCKER AW VOLP MR PEREZ D DE WINTER NearIR Photometry and Optical Sp ectroscopy of the Herbig Ae Star AB Au rigae ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: -
Exoplanetary Atmospheres: Key Insights, Challenges and Prospects
Exoplanetary Atmospheres: Key Insights, Challenges and Prospects Nikku Madhusudhan1 1Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, CB3 0HA; email: [email protected] xxxxxx 0000. 00:1{59 Keywords Copyright c 0000 by Annual Reviews. Extrasolar planets, exoplanetary atmospheres, planet formation, All rights reserved habitability, atmospheric composition Abstract Exoplanetary science is on the verge of an unprecedented revolution. The thousands of exoplanets discovered over the past decade have most recently been supplemented by discoveries of potentially habitable planets around nearby low-mass stars. Currently, the field is rapidly progressing towards detailed spectroscopic observations to characterise the atmospheres of these planets. While various surveys from space and ground are expected to detect numerous more exoplanets orbiting nearby stars, the imminent launch of JWST along with large ground- based facilities are expected to revolutionise exoplanetary spectroscopy. Such observations, combined with detailed theoretical models and in- verse methods, provide valuable insights into a wide range of physi- cal processes and chemical compositions in exoplanetary atmospheres. Depending on the planetary properties, the knowledge of atmospheric compositions can also place important constraints on planetary forma- tion and migration mechanisms, geophysical processes and, ultimately, arXiv:1904.03190v1 [astro-ph.EP] 5 Apr 2019 biosignatures. In the present review, we will discuss the modern and future landscape of this frontier area of exoplanetary atmospheres. We will start with a brief review of the area, emphasising the key insights gained from different observational methods and theoretical studies. This is followed by an in-depth discussion of the state-of-the-art, chal- lenges, and future prospects in three forefront branches of the area. -
Spectroscopic Studies of RV Tau and Related Objects
SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF RV TAU AND RELATED OBJECTS ATHESIS SUBMITTED TO THE MANGALORE UNIVERSITY FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN PHYSICS Submitted by S. SUMANGALA RAO Under the Supervision of PROF.SUNETRA GIRIDHAR INDIAN INSTITUTE OF ASTROPHYSICS BANGALORE - 560 034, INDIA APRIL 2013 To my beloved parents, grand-parents and Niranjan ”I gaze at the sky, To the beauty of stars scattered in many, The clouds do play funny, Hiding firmament in dark, even on days sunny, I, seek nature to reveal elements in stars so earnestly, Am awake whole night with telescopic eye pointing to the sky, Wonder if years rolled by ever slowly? Am I an Astrophysicist to get flash of a spectacular new star? Reflecting in drops of water from a lotus petal forever! Here I’m collecting pearls of wisdom so carefully, Stop not growing with Astrophysics infinitely!”. DECLARATION I hereby declare that the matter contained in the thesis entitled “Spectroscopic Studies of RV Tau and Related Objects” is the result of investigations carried out by me at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics under the supervision of Dr. Sunetra Giridhar. This thesis has not been submitted previously for the award of any degree, diploma, associateship, fellowship etc. of any University or Institute. S. Sumangala Rao (Candidate) Indian Institute of Astrophysics Bangalore-560034, India CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the matter contained in the thesis entitled “Spectroscopic Stud- ies of RV Tau and Related Objects” submitted to Mangalore University by Ms. S. Sumangala Rao for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Science, is based on the results of investigations carried out by her under my supervision and guidance, at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics.