Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet

Right to Know

Common Name: SULFURYL CHLORIDE

Synonyms: Chlorosulfuric Acid; Sulfuric Dichloride; Sulfur Oxychloride CAS Number: 7791-25-5 Chemical Name: Sulfuryl Chloride RTK Substance Number: 1768 Date: September 1999 Revision: October 2009 DOT Number: UN 1834 EMERGENCY RESPONDERS >>>> SEE LAST PAGE Description and Use Hazard Summary Sulfuryl Chloride is a colorless liquid with a strong, irritating Hazard Rating NJDOH NFPA odor. It is used in making other chemicals, pharmaceuticals, HEALTH - 3 and insecticides, and as a solvent, catalyst and disinfectant. FLAMMABILITY - 0

REACTIVITY - 2W

CORROSIVE AND WATER REACTIVE POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE DO NOT USE WATER

Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; Reasons for Citation 4=severe f Sulfuryl Chloride is on the Right to Know Hazardous Substance List because it is cited by DOT and NFPA. f Sulfuryl Chloride can affect you when inhaled. f This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance f Sulfuryl Chloride is a HIGHLY CORROSIVE CHEMICAL List. and contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes with possible eye damage. f Inhaling Sulfuryl Chloride can irritate the nose and throat. f Inhaling Sulfuryl Chloride can irritate the lungs. Higher exposures may cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a medical emergency. f Exposure can cause headache, nausea and vomiting. SEE GLOSSARY ON PAGE 5. f Sulfuryl Chloride is WATER REACTIVE and will release heat and toxic and corrosive gases. FIRST AID Eye Contact f Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 30 Workplace Exposure Limits minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact lenses, if worn, while flushing. Seek medical attention No occupational exposure limits have been established for immediately. Sulfuryl Chloride. However, it may pose a health risk. Always follow safe work practices. Skin Contact f Quickly remove contaminated clothing. Immediately wash contaminated skin with large amounts of soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.

Inhalation f Remove the person from exposure. f Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. f Transfer promptly to a medical facility. f Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed.

EMERGENCY NUMBERS Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222 CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300 NJDEP Hotline: 1-877-927-6337 National Response Center: 1-800-424-8802

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Determining Your Exposure Reproductive Hazard f According to the information presently available to the New f Read the product manufacturer’s Material Safety Data Jersey Department of Health, Sulfuryl Chloride has not Sheet (MSDS) and the label to determine product been tested for its ability to affect reproduction. ingredients and important safety and health information about the product mixture. Other Effects f Sulfuryl Chloride can irritate the lungs. Repeated exposure f For each individual hazardous ingredient, read the New may cause bronchitis to develop with coughing, phlegm, Jersey Department of Health Hazardous Substance Fact and/or shortness of breath. Sheet, available on the RTK website (www.nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb) or in your facility’s RTK Central File or Hazard Communication Standard file. Medical f You have a right to this information under the New Jersey Medical Testing Worker and Community Right to Know Act, and the Public If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Act following is recommended: if you are a public worker in New Jersey, and under the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) if you f Consider chest x-ray after acute overexposure are a private worker. Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and f The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for employers to label chemicals in the workplace and damage already done are not a substitute for controlling requires public employers to provide their employees with exposure. information concerning chemical hazards and controls. The federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee CFR 1910.1200) and the PEOSH Hazard Communication Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020). Standard (N.J.A.C. 12:100-7) require employers to provide similar information and training to their employees. Mixed Exposures f Smoking can cause heart disease, lung cancer, This Fact Sheet is a summary of available information emphysema, and other respiratory problems. It may worsen regarding the health hazards that may result from exposure. respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure. Even if Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other you have smoked for a long time, stopping now will reduce factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential your risk of developing health problems. effects described below.

Health Hazard Information

Acute Health Effects

The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to Sulfuryl Chloride:

f Contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes with

possible eye damage. f Inhaling Sulfuryl Chloride can irritate the nose and throat. f Inhaling Sulfuryl Chloride can irritate the lungs causing

coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures may

cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a

medical emergency, with severe shortness of breath. f Exposure can cause headache, nausea and vomiting.

Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to Sulfuryl Chloride and can last for months or years:

Cancer Hazard f According to the information presently available to the New Jersey Department of Health, Sulfuryl Chloride has not been tested for its ability to cause cancer in animals.

SULFURYL CHLORIDE Page 3 of 6

Workplace Controls and Practices Eye Protection Very toxic chemicals, or those that are reproductive hazards or f Wear indirect-vent, impact and splash resistant goggles sensitizers, require expert advice on control measures if a less when working with liquids. toxic chemical cannot be substituted. Control measures f Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with include: (1) enclosing chemical processes for severely corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances. irritating and corrosive chemicals, (2) using local exhaust f Do not wear contact lenses when working with this ventilation for chemicals that may be harmful with a single substance. exposure, and (3) using general ventilation to control exposures to skin and eye irritants. For further information on Respiratory Protection workplace controls, consult the NIOSH document on Control Improper use of respirators is dangerous. Respirators Banding at www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/ctrlbanding/. should only be used if the employer has implemented a written program that takes into account workplace conditions, The following work practices are also recommended: requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing, and

medical exams, as described in the OSHA Respiratory f Label process containers. f Provide employees with hazard information and training. Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134). f Monitor airborne chemical concentrations. f Use engineering controls if concentrations exceed f Where the potential exists for exposure to Sulfuryl recommended exposure levels. Chloride, use a NIOSH approved full facepiece respirator f Provide eye wash fountains and emergency showers. with an acid gas cartridge which is specifically approved for f Wash or shower if skin comes in contact with a hazardous Sulfuryl Chloride. Increased protection is obtained from full material. facepiece powered-air purifying respirators. f Always wash at the end of the workshift. f Leave the area immediately if (1) while wearing a filter or f Change into clean clothing if clothing becomes cartridge respirator you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect contaminated. Sulfuryl Chloride, (2) while wearing particulate filters f Do not take contaminated clothing home. abnormal resistance to breathing is experienced, or (3) eye f Get special training to wash contaminated clothing. irritation occurs while wearing a full facepiece respirator. f Do not eat, smoke, or drink in areas where chemicals are Check to make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. being handled, processed or stored. If it is, replace the filter or cartridge. If the seal is no longer f Wash hands carefully before eating, smoking, drinking, good, you may need a new respirator. applying cosmetics or using the toilet. f Consider all potential sources of exposure in your workplace. You may need a combination of filters, prefilters or cartridges In addition, the following may be useful or required: to protect against different forms of a chemical (such as vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemicals. f Where possible, transfer Sulfuryl Chloride from drums or f Where the potential for high exposure exists, use a NIOSH other containers to process containers in an enclosed approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece system. operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. For increased protection use in combination with an

auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus or an emergency escape air cylinder. Personal Protective Equipment The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate Fire Hazards personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained employees on how and when to use protective equipment. and equipped as stated in the OSHA Fire Brigades Standard (29 CFR 1910.156).

The following recommendations are only guidelines and may f Extinguish fire using an agent suitable for type of not apply to every situation. surrounding fire. Sulfuryl Chloride itself does not burn. f DO NOT USE WATER as Sulfuryl Chloride is WATER Gloves and Clothing REACTIVE and will release heat and toxic and corrosive f Avoid skin contact with Sulfuryl Chloride. Wear personal gases. protective equipment made from material which can not be f POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including permeated or degraded by this substance. Safety Chlorine, Hydrogen Chloride, and Sulfur Oxides. equipment suppliers and manufacturers can provide f Sulfuryl Chloride may ignite combustibles (wood, paper recommendations on the most protective glove and clothing and oil). material for your operation. f Safety equipment manufacturers recommend Barrier® as a glove material for Inorganic Halides, and Tychem® BR, Responder®, and TK, or the equivalent, as protective clothing materials. f All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work.

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Spills and Emergencies Occupational Health Information If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be Resources properly trained and equipped. The OSHA Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 CFR The New Jersey Department of Health offers multiple services 1910.120) may apply. in occupational health. These services include providing informational resources, educational materials, public If Sulfuryl Chloride is spilled or leaked, take the following presentations, and industrial hygiene and medical steps: investigations and evaluations. f Evacuate personnel and secure and control entrance to the area. For more information, please contact: f Eliminate all ignition sources. f Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material and place into sealed containers for disposal. New Jersey Department of Health f DO NOT USE WATER OR WET METHOD. Right to Know f Ventilate area of spill or leak. PO Box 368 f DO NOT wash into sewer. Trenton, NJ 08625-0368 f It may be necessary to contain and dispose of Sulfuryl Phone: 609-984-2202 Chloride as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. Contact your state Fax: 609-984-7407 Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) or your regional office of the federal Environmental Protection E-mail: [email protected] Agency (EPA) for specific recommendations. Web address: http://www.nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb

The Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheets

are not intended to be copied and sold Handling and Storage Prior to working with Sulfuryl Chloride you should be trained for commercial purposes. on its proper handling and storage.

f Sulfuryl Chloride reacts with WATER or MOIST AIR to form toxic and corrosive gases such as Hydrogen Chloride and Sulfuric Acid. f Sulfuryl Chloride can react explosively with LEAD DIOXIDE and ETHERS (when in the presence of METAL SALTS). f Sulfuryl Chloride is not compatible with OXIDIZING AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES, NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE); STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, SULFURIC and NITRIC); STRONG BASES (such as SODIUM HYDROXIDE and POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE); ALCOHOLS; and AMINES. f Sulfuryl Chloride attacks many METALS in the presence of WATER. f Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from COMBUSTIBLES.

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GLOSSARY

ACGIH is the American Conference of Governmental Industrial LEL or Lower Explosive Limit, is the lowest concentration of Hygienists. They publish guidelines called Threshold Limit a combustible substance (gas or vapor) in the air capable of Values (TLVs) for exposure to workplace chemicals. continuing an explosion.

mg/m3 means milligrams of a chemical in a cubic meter of air. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) are established It is a measure of concentration (weight/volume). by the EPA. They describe the risk to humans resulting from once-in-a lifetime, or rare, exposure to airborne chemicals. A mutagen is a substance that causes mutations. A mutation

is a change in the genetic material in a body cell. Mutations Boiling point is the temperature at which a substance can can lead to birth defects, miscarriages, or cancer. change its physical state from a liquid to a gas.

NFPA is the National Fire Protection Association. It classifies A carcinogen is a substance that causes cancer. substances according to their fire and explosion hazard.

The CAS number is unique, identifying number, assigned by NIOSH is the National Institute for Occupational Safety and the Chemical Abstracts Service, to a specific chemical. Health. It tests equipment, evaluates and approves

respirators, conducts studies of workplace hazards, and CFR is the Code of Federal Regulations, which are the proposes standards to OSHA. regulations of the United States government.

NTP is the National Toxicology Program which tests chemicals A combustible substance is a solid, liquid or gas that will burn. and reviews evidence for cancer.

A corrosive substance is a gas, liquid or solid that causes OSHA is the federal Occupational Safety and Health destruction of human skin or severe corrosion of containers. Administration, which adopts and enforces health and safety

standards. The critical temperature is the temperature above which a gas cannot be liquefied, regardless of the pressure applied. PEOSHA is the New Jersey Public Employees Occupational

Safety and Health Act, which adopts and enforces health and DEP is the New Jersey Department of Environmental safety standards in public workplaces. Protection.

Permeated is the movement of chemicals through protective DOT is the Department of Transportation, the federal agency materials. that regulates the transportation of chemicals.

ppm means parts of a substance per million parts of air. It is a EPA is the Environmental Protection Agency, the federal measure of concentration by volume in air. agency responsible for regulating environmental hazards.

Protective Action Criteria (PAC) are values established by ERG is the Emergency Response Guidebook. It is a guide for the Department of Energy and are based on AEGLs and emergency responders for transportation emergencies ERPGs. They are used for emergency planning of chemical involving hazardous substances. release events.

Emergency Response Planning Guideline (ERPG) values A reactive substance is a solid, liquid or gas that releases provide estimates of concentration ranges where one energy under certain conditions. reasonably might anticipate observing adverse effects.

STEL is a Short Term Exposure Limit which is usually a 15- A fetus is an unborn human or animal. minute exposure that should not be exceeded at any time

during a work day. A flammable substance is a solid, liquid, vapor or gas that will ignite easily and burn rapidly. A teratogen is a substance that causes birth defects by

damaging the fetus. The flash point is the temperature at which a liquid or solid gives off vapor that can form a flammable mixture with air. UEL or Upper Explosive Limit is the highest concentration in

air above which there is too much fuel (gas or vapor) to begin a IARC is the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a reaction or explosion. scientific group.

Vapor Density is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of Ionization Potential is the amount of energy needed to one gas to the weight of another (usually Air), at the same remove an electron from an atom or molecule. It is measured temperature and pressure. in electron volts.

The vapor pressure is a force exerted by the vapor in IRIS is the Integrated Risk Information System database on equilibrium with the solid or liquid phase of the same human health effects that may result from exposure to various substance. The higher the vapor pressure the higher chemicals, maintained by federal EPA. concentration of the substance in air.

Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet

Common Name: SULFURYL CHLORIDE Synonyms: Chlorosulfuric Acid; Sulfuric Dichloride; Sulfur Oxychloride CAS No: 7791-25-5 Molecular Formula: SO2Cl2 RTK Substance No: 1768 Description: Colorless liquid with a strong, irritating odor

HAZARD DATA Hazard Rating Firefighting Reactivity 3 - Health CORROSIVE AND WATER REACTIVE Sulfuryl Chloride reacts with WATER or MOIST AIR to form toxic Extinguish fire using an agent suitable and corrosive gases such as Hydrogen Chloride and Sulfuric Acid. 0 - Fire for type of surrounding fire. Sulfuryl Sulfuryl Chloride can react explosively with LEAD DIOXIDE and 2W - Reactivity Chloride itself does not burn. ETHERS (when in the presence of METAL SALTS). DO NOT USE WATER. Sulfuryl Chloride is not compatible with OXIDIZING AGENTS (such DOT#: UN 1834 POISONOUS GASES ARE as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, PERMANGANATES, ERG Guide #: 137 PRODUCED IN FIRE, including CHLORATES, NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE); STRONG ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, SULFURIC and Hazard Class: 8 Chlorine, Hydrogen Chloride, and Sulfur Oxides. NITRIC); STRONG BASES (such as SODIUM HYDROXIDE and (Corrosive) POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE); ALCOHOLS; and AMINES. Sulfuryl Chloride may ignite combustibles (wood, paper and oil). Sulfuryl Chloride attacks many METALS in the presence of WATER.

SPILL/LEAKS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Isolation Distance: Odor Threshold: Strong, irritating odor Small Spill: 30 meters (100 feet) Flash Point: Nonflammable Large Spill: 100 meters (300 feet) Vapor Density: 4.6 (air = 1) Fire: 800 meters (1/2 mile) Vapor Pressure: 105 mm Hg at 68oF (20oC) Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a Specific Gravity: 1.67 (water = 1) similar material and place into sealed containers for Water Solubility: Decomposes/Reacts disposal. o o DO NOT USE WATER OR WET METHOD. Boiling Point: 156 F (69 C) o o DO NOT wash into sewer. Freezing Point: -65 F (-54 C) Sulfuryl Chloride may be hazardous to the Molecular Weight: 134.96 environment, especially water systems.

EXPOSURE LIMITS PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

No occupational exposure limits have been Gloves: Barrier® (>8-hr breakthrough for Inorganic Halides) established for Sulfuryl Chloride. Coveralls: Tychem® BR, Responder®, and TK (>8-hr breakthrough) The Protective Action Criteria values are: Respirator: SCBA PAC-1 = 0.3 ppm PAC-2 = 3.7 ppm PAC-3 = 11ppm

HEALTH EFFECTS FIRST AID AND DECONTAMINATION Eyes: Severe irritation, burns and possible eye Remove the person from exposure. damage Flush eyes with large amounts of water for at least 30 minutes. Remove Skin: Severe irritation and burns contact lenses if worn. Seek medical attention immediately.

Inhalation: Nose, throat and lung irritation with Quickly remove contaminated clothing and wash contaminated skin with coughing, and severe shortness of large amounts of soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.

breath (pulmonary edema) Begin artificial respiration if breathing has stopped and CPR if necessary. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. Medical observation is recommended as symptoms may be delayed. October 2009