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SFG2885 REPÚBLICA DE MOÇAMBIQUE Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTÉRIO DA TERRA, AMBIENTE E DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL (MITADER) Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for (i) the Mozambique Forest Investment Public Disclosure Authorized Project (MozFIP), (ii) the Dedicated Grant Mechanism to Local Communities (MozDGM) and (iii) REDD+ Initiatives Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized (PROJECTS: P160033, P161241 and P129413) ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Final Report Maputo, January 2017 0 LIST OF ACRONYMS ANE National Roads Administration ANRLMP Agriculture and Natural Resources Landscape Management Project CA Conservation Area CBNRM Community-Based Natural Resource Management CBO´s Community Based Organization´s CC Climate Change CESMP Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan CTR National Steering Committee DA District Administration DCC District Consultative Council DGM Dedicated Grant Mechanism DLA Department of Environmental Licensing DNA National Directorate of Environment DNA National Directorate for Water DNAS National Directorate of Agriculture and Planted Forests DNE National Directorate for Energy DNOTR National Directorate of Land Planning and Resettlement DPASA Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Food Security DPOPHRH Provincial Directorate of Public Works, Housing and Water Resources EA Environmental Assessment EDM Electricidade de Moçambique/Electricity Company EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan ESC Environmental and Social Clauses ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ESSS Environmental and Social Safeguard Specialist FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FIP Forest Investment Program FNDS National Sustainable Development Fund FUNAE National Energy Fund GDP Gross Domestic Product GOM Government of Mozambique IDA International Development Association IDCF Innovation and Demonstration Catalytic Fund LMU Lanscape Management Unit MEF Ministry of Economics and Finance MDP Municipal Development Project MICOA Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs MASA Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security MIREME Ministry of Mineral Resources and Energy MISAU Ministry of Health MITADER Ministry of Land, Environment and Rural Development MOPHRH Ministry of Public Works, Housing and Water Resources MozFIP Mozambique Forest Investment Program MSME Micro Small and Medium Enterprises i MZM Mozambique Metical (national currency) NCSD National Commission for Sustainable Development NEA National Executing Agency NEMP National Environmental Management Program NGO Non-Governmental Organization NLUP National Land Use Plan NSC National Steering Committee PARPA Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty PEDSA Strategic Plan for Agricultural Development PCU Project Coordination Unit PDD District Development Plans (Plano Distrital de Desenvolvimento) PDPF Provincial Directorate of Planning and Finance PDUT District Land Use Plan PEPA Environmental Quality Standards of Mozambique Projects PLPP Provincial level project personnel (with monitoring responsibilities) PNI National Irrigation Program PNISA National Agriculture Investment Plan PNQ/QNP Quirimbas National Park PP Urban Detailed Plan/Plano de Pormenor PPP Public Private Partnership PPU Partial Urban Plan/Plano Parcial de Urbanização PROIRRI Sustainable Irrigation Development Project PRS Poverty Reduction Strategy RAP Resettlement Action Plan REDD Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation REDD+ REDD plus sustainable management of forest, forest conservation, enhancement of carbon stocks RFG/GFR Gilé Forest Reserve RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SDAE District Services of Economic Activities SDMAS District Services of Women, Social Affairs and Health SDPI District Services of Planning and Infrastructure TOR Terms of Reference UCA Coordination and Support Unit UGFI International Funds Management Unit UNDP United Nations Development Program UNO United Nations Organization USD United States of America Dollar WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization ZVDA Zambezi Valley Development Agency ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS I TABLE OF CONTENTS III SUMÁRIO EXECUTIVO XV 1- INTRODUCTION 25 1.1 The ESMF 25 2 PROGRAM DESCRIPTION 28 2.1 REDD+ in Mozambique 28 The Mozambique’s Forest Investment Program 29 The Mozambique Forest Investment Project (MozFIP) and the Mozambique Dedicated Grant for Local Communities (MozDGM) 29 2.1.1 MozFIP 29 2.1.2 MozDGM in Mozambique 30 2.2 Program Justification 30 2.3 Development Objectives 31 2.4 Program Activities 31 2.4.1 MozFIP 31 2.4.2 The MozDGM 35 2.5 Beneficiaries of the MozFIP and MozDGM 37 2.6 Linkages with Other Projects, Management, Funding and Focus 38 2.7 Project activities ineligible for funding 38 3 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR MOZFIP AND MOZDGMINE, 20 IMPLEMENTATION 40 3.1 MozFIP institutional arrangements 40 3.2 MozDGM Institutional arrangements 43 4 MOZFIP AND MOZDGM PROJECT AREAS: NATURAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT 46 4.1 Projects (MozFIP and MozDGM) Location and Broad Biophysical and Socioeconomic Traits 46 4.1.1 Physical Traits 49 4.1.2 Biological Traits of the Entire Project Area 60 4.1.3 Socio-economic Situation 66 5 - WORLD BANK SAFEGUARDS POLICIES 75 5.1 Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01) 75 5.2 Pest Management (OP 4.09) 77 5.3 Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12) 78 5.4 Natural Habitats (OP/BP 4.04) 79 5.5 Forests (OP/BP 4.36) 81 5.6 Physical Cultural Resources (OP/BP 4.11) 83 5.7 Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37) 83 6 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT IN MOZAMBIQUE 85 6.1 Legal Framework 86 6.1.1 Adherence to International and Regional Conventions and Protocols 86 6.1.2 Approval of Domestic Policy and Legal Instruments 89 6.2 Institutional Framework 100 The Legal and Institutional Reform 100 7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONCERNS IN TARGETED AREAS 103 7.2 Issues Emanating from the Public Consultation Process Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.3 Preliminary Identification of Potential Opportunities and Risks 108 8 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 111 8.1 Potential adverse environmental and social impacts including reputational risks 113 iii 8.2 Other potential adverse socio-economic impacts 122 8.3 Potential positive impacts 125 8.4 Other potential impacts 129 8.5 Cumulative Impacts, Climate Change and Gender Issues 136 98.6 Measures to mitigate negative impacts 138 8.7 Pesticide Management in Agriculture and Forests 144 8.7.1 Local Regulations and Practices 145 8.7.2 World Bank Policies and Guidelines 149 8.7.3 Pest Management Approach to be Adopted 149 8.7.4 Institutional Strengthening, Training and Capacity Building 160 8.8 Implementation of Management Principles and Guidelines 162 9 GUIDELINES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF BENEFICIARIES, SCREENING, PREPARATION, APPRAISAL, APPROVAL AND MONITORING 164 9.1 Screening of Project Beneficiaries, Activities and Sites 164 9.2 Environmental and Social Screening and Licensing 171 9.2.1 Screening of Project Activities and Sites 173 9.2.2 Assigning the Appropriate Environmental and Social Categories 174 9.2.3 Carrying out Environmental and Social Work 175 9.2.4 Environmental and Social Checklist: 175 9.2.5 Environmental and Social Impacts Assessment (ESIA) 176 9.2.6 Subproject Review and Approval 176 9.2.7 Participatory Public Consultation and Disclosure 177 9.3 Grievance Mechanism 179 9.4 Annual Monitoring Reports and review 184 9.5 Environmental and Social Audit 185 10 GUIDELINES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS 187 10.1 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) 187 10.2 Process Framework and action planning 189 11 TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING REQUIREMENTS 190 11.1 Institutional Capacity Assessment and Analysis 190 11.2 Proposed Training and Awareness Programs 191 11.3. Technical Assistance (TA) 192 12 ESMF MONITORING REQUIREMENTS 193 13 PROPOSED ESTIMATED IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET 195 REFERENCES 196 List of Diagrams Diagram 1: Overview of the institutional arrangement ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Diagram 2: MozFIP Team ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Diagram 3: Institutional arrangement for MozDGM ..................................................... 45 Diagram 2: Combination of interventions to reduce deforestation and forest degradation in Mozambique ............................................................................................................. 112 Diagram 3: Snapshot of the grievance procedure and stages ....................................... 183 List of Graphs Graph 1: Contribution to national GDP and comparative positions among the provinces ......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Graph 2: Precipitation and temperature variations ......................................................... 54 Graph 3: Average temperatures and precipitation in Pemba, Cabo Delgado Province .. 54 Graph 4: Average temperatures and precipitation in Montepuez, Cabo Delgado Province ........................................................................................................................................ 55 iv Graph 5: Temperature and precipitation in Alto Molocue (hinterland) ......................... 59 Graph 6: Temperature and precipitation in Pebane
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