Iain Stewart and Hazel Gibson Explore the US Experience of the Shale Gas 'Bonanza'
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GeoscientistThe Fellowship magazine of The Geological Society of London | www.geolsoc.org.uk | Volume 23 No 9 | October 2013 NUMBERS GAME Explaining UK shale gas resource figures to the media SHALE GAS [SPECIAL] CHARNIA THREAT Secrecy is not the way to save the Bradgate Park exposure MEET THE FRACKERS Iain Stewart and Hazel Gibson explore the US experience of the shale gas ‘bonanza’ CONTENTS GEOSCIENTIST IN THIS ISSUE OCTOBER 2013 FEATURES 16 NUMBERS GAME Mike Stephenson (BGS) on what it’s like to be caught in a media feeding frenzy REGULARS 05 WELCOME Ted Nield is exasperated by bickering over energy sources when we are going to need all of it, and savings too 06 SOCIETY NEWS What your Society is doing at home and abroad, in London and the regions 09 SOAPBOX Joel Gill on how geoscience can help 10 COVER FEATURE: MEET THE FRACKERS alleviate global poverty Shale gas - fatal distraction or essential 21 LETTERS We welcome your thoughts bridge over a looming energy gap? 22 BOOK & ARTS One exhibition and three books reviewed by Douglas Palmer, Ted Nield, John Dewey and John Marshall 24 PEOPLE Geoscientists in the news and on the move 26 OBITUARY Two distinguished Fellows remembered 27 CALENDAR Society activities this month 29 CROSSWORD Win a special publication of your choice ONLINE SPECIALS n CHARNIA Roger Mason, the ‘schoolboy’ who first saw the famous fossils in Bradgate Park, Leicester, on moves 16 22 to protect this priceless exposure OCTOBER 2013 03 ~ EDITOR’S COMMENT GEOSCIENTIST TENSIONS MAY ARISE BETWEEN LOCALS AND INCOMERS; SOCIAL COHESION CAN FALTER Front cover image~ FRACK THIS s this month’s feature articles Geoscientist is the E enquiries@centuryone demonstrate, whether in the UK or Fellowship magazine of publishing.ltd.uk the USA, the PR problems associated the Geological Society W www.centuryone of London publishing.ltd.uk with shale gas are not primarily geological. They are, though, The Geological Society, ADVERTISING EXECUTIVE comparable to every other Burlington House, Piccadilly, Jonathan Knight London W1J 0BG T 01727 739 193 energy-related PR problem. T +44 (0)20 7434 9944 E jonathan@centuryone EverybodyA wants energy, as much of it if possible, F +44 (0)20 7439 8975 publishing.ltd.uk E [email protected] and cheap. And nobody wants it to be generated - or (Not for Editorial) ART EDITOR its feedstocks extracted - by any method whatever, Heena Gudka Publishing House anywhere at all, and certainly not near where they The Geological Society DESIGN & PRODUCTION live - unless they become rich in the process, in which Publishing House, Unit 7, Sarah Astington Brassmill Enterprise Centre, case it’s fine, because they can move somewhere else. Brassmill Lane, Bath PRINTED BY Beyond this stretches a dreary and transparent BA1 3JN Century One Publishing Ltd. litany of ostensible objections masking real motives. T 01225 445046 F 01225 442836 Copyright Where a thousand bogus reasons bloom, bogus, The Geological Society of pseudoscientific reasoning thrives. Library London is a Registered Charity, T +44 (0)20 7432 0999 number 210161. The environmental movement opposes F +44 (0)20 7439 3470 ISSN (print) 0961-5628 underground disposal of radioactive waste, but does E [email protected] ISSN (online) 2045-1784 so for the political reason that, once solved, radwaste EDITOR-IN-CHIEF ceases to be a stick with which they can beat the Professor Peter Styles FGS The Geological Society of London nuclear industry. Opponents of shale gas are loud on accepts no responsibility for the EDITOR views expressed in any article in such issues as groundwater contamination, seismic Dr Ted Nield NUJ FGS this publication. All views hazard and threats to wildlife (all largely illusory, but E [email protected] expressed, except where explicitly stated otherwise, highly emotive); yet they really oppose it because represent those of the author, and EDITORIAL BOARD not The Geological Society of they fear that a new, cheap hydrocarbon source will Dr Sue Bowler FGS London. All rights reserved. No Mr Steve Branch FGS paragraph of this publication may slacken the urgency to develop fossil-free methods of Dr Robin Cocks FGS be reproduced, copied or generation (other than nuclear, of course). Prof. Tony Harris FGS transmitted save with written permission. Users registered with Wind and photovoltaic farms are opposed in the Dr Howard Falcon- Copyright Clearance Center: the Lang FGS Journal is registered with CCC, countryside on the grounds of perceived Dr Jonathan Turner FGS 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA unsightliness, but mainly by those for whom the Dr Jan Zalasiewicz FGS 01970, USA. 0961- 5628/02/$15.00. countryside is an amenity, not something from which Trustees of the Geological Every effort has been made to to try to wring a meagre living. Solar panels are more Society of London trace copyright holders of material in this publication. If any welcome in towns, where wealthy owners of already Mr D T Shilston (President); rights have been omitted, the Mrs N K Ala; Dr M G publishers offer their apologies. ugly houses have roofscapes to let, and relish the Armitage; Prof R A Butler; Prof N A Chapman; No responsibility is assumed by returns. Windfarms – although said to be harmful to Dr A L Coe; Mr J Coppard; the Publisher for any injury and/or fowls of the air – largely fall foul of their visual Mr D J Cragg (Vice damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, novelty. Those of us who remember the president); Mrs N J negligence or otherwise, or from Dottridge; Mr C S Eccles; any use or operation of any establishment of the National Grid, and the first Dr M Edmonds; Prof A J methods, products, instructions appearance of its hideous pylons, will remember an Fraser (Secretary, Science); or ideas contained in the material Mrs M P Henton (Secretary, herein. Although all advertising identical outcry then (though more muted, because Professional Matters); material is expected to conform to people in the 50s and 60s still believed in ‘progress’ Mr D A Jones (Vice ethical (medical) standards, inclusion in this publication does and imagined that this consisted of concreting the president); Dr A Law not constitute a guarantee or (Treasurer); Prof R J Lisle; endorsement of the quality or countryside, wearing Bri-nylon clothes and eating Prof A R Lord (Secretary, value of such product or of the Foreign & External Affairs); claims made by its manufacturer. space rations). Prof D A C Manning Fracking, like radwaste disposal, is geological but, Subscriptions: All (President designate); correspondence relating to non- as with geology and wine, the geology is big behind Dr B R Marker OBE; member subscriptions should be Dr G Nichols; Dr L Slater; addresses to the Journals the scenes, and invisible ‘front of house’. While we Dr J P Turner (Secretary, Subscription Department, may enjoy the sight of MPs being arrested, what they Publications); Mr M E Young Geological Society Publishing House, Unit 7 Brassmill Enterprise and everyone mostly fail to see is that the greatest Centre, Brassmill Lane, Bath, BA1 Published on behalf of 3JN, UK. Tel: 01225 445046. Fax: immediate threat facing us is – running out of energy. the Geological Society of 01225 442836. Email: The societal dangers of that will be much quicker to London by [email protected]. The Century One Publishing subscription price for Volume 23, arrive than global warming - and we need everything Alban Row, 27–31 Verulam 2013 (11 issues) to institutions we have got – wind, nuclear, biomass, solar, shale Road, St Albans, Herts, and non-members is £108 (UK) AL3 4DG or £124 / US$247 (Rest of World). gas, conventionals, the lot – to stop it. T 01727 893 894 © 2013 The Geological Society F 01727 893 895 of London DR TED NIELD EDITOR OCTOBER 2013 05 GEOSCIENTIST SOCIETY NEWS SOCIETYNEWS Face up to GEOFACETS JOIN COUNCIL! Sign up to a webinar programme to learn about Edmund Nickless writes: Would the Geofacets GSL Millennium edition, says you consider standing for election Emily Milroy. to Council? Are you willing to Fellows are being offered exclusive individual contribute to the work of the access to Geofacets, a superb web-based tool Society not only by becoming a designed to search for, and extract, maps and other member of Council and one of its geographically-referenced geoscientific figures standing committees but also by published online in the Lyell Collection from 2000 to serving on working groups and the present (Geoscientist 22.08 p 09). Geofacets undertaking particular tasks can be yours for an annual fee of only £35.00. between meetings? 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