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REPORT of the WORKING GROUP on INTRODUCTIONS and TRANSFERS of MARINE ORGANISMS Kiel, Gerrnany IQ-13 April 1995

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REPORT of the WORKING GROUP on INTRODUCTIONS and TRANSFERS of MARINE ORGANISMS Kiel, Gerrnany IQ-13 April 1995 --- ------------1 .. Advisory Committee on the Marine Environment ICES CM 1995/ENV:9 Ref.: E+F REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON INTRODUCTIONS AND TRANSFERS OF MARINE ORGANISMS Kiel, Gerrnany IQ-13 April 1995 This report is not to be'quoted without prior consultation with the General Secretary. The document is areport of an expert group under the auspices ofthe International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views ofthe CounciI. International Council for the Exploration ofthe Sea Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer Palregade 2--4 DK-1261 Copenhagen K Denmark TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page OPENING OF THE MEETING AND INTRODUCTION 1 2 TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 3 REPORT OF ICES MEETINGS 1 4 STATUS OF RECOMMENDATIONS FROM 1994 MEETING 1 5 ICESIEC DIALOGUE ON SPECIES fv10VEMENTS 2 5.1 The Introduction ofthe Exotic Copepod Mytilieola orientaUs in Ireland with Oyster Importations 3 5.2 The French Situation with the Copepod Afytilieola orientalis after the Introduction ofCrassostrea gigas 3 6 STATUS OF THE 1994 CODE OF PRACTICE .4 7 STATUS OF THE ICES COOPERATIVE RESEARClI REPORT: 'TEN-YEAR REVIEW' .4 8 NATIONALREPORTS 4 8.1 llighlights ofthe National Reports 5 8.1.1 Canada 5 8.1.2 FinIand 5 8.1.3 France 5 • 8.1.4 Germany 5 8.1.5 Ireland 5 8.1.6 Sweden 5 8.1.7 United Kingdom: England, Wales, and ScotIand 5 8.1.8 United States ofAmerica 5 9 TRADE IN AQUARIUM SPECIES AND EPIZOOTIC ULCERATIVE SYNDROME (EUS) 5 10 BOOKS AND NEWSlEITERS 6 11 STATUS OF ONGOING AND PROPOSED INTRODUCTIONS AND TRANSFERS 6 11.1 Introduction ofhybrid bass Morone saxatilis x Mehrysops to Ireland 6 11.2 Transfer ofhalibut from Norway to Ireland (fish culture trials) 6 11.3 Japanese seaweed (Nori) Porph)'ra yezoensis in the USA 7 12 STATUS OF ONGOING ACCIDENTAL INVASIONS IN EUROPEAN WATERS 7 12.1 Invasion ofthe green alga Caulerpa taxifolia in the Mediterranean 7 12.2 Invasion ofthe American comb jellyfish Afnemiopsis 7 • 13 BALTIC MARINE ßlOLOGlSTS (BMB) WORKING GROUP ON NON-INDIGENOUS MARINE AND ESTUARINE ORGANISMS IN THE BALTIC SEA 8 14 BALLAST WATERACTIVITIES, RESEARCII AND MANAGEMENT IN ICES MEMBER COUNTRIES AND GLOBALLY : 9 14.1 Need for Ballast Water Studies 9 14.2 Ballast Water Research 9 14.2.1 Canada 9 14.2.2 Germany 9 14.2.3 Ireland 10 14.2.4 Sweden 10 14.2.5 United Kingdom 11 14.2.6 United States ofAmerica 11 15 1995 ICES ANNUAL SCIENCE CONFERENCE THEME SESSION ON "BALLAST WATER: ECOLOGICAL AND FISHERIES IMPLICATIONS 12 16 BIOCONTROL STRATEGIES FORMARINE INVASIONS 13 TADLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 17 ICES COOPERATIVE RESEARCH REPORTON "THE CODE OF PRACTICE" 13 18 UPCOMING MEETINGS 13 19 REVIEW OF NON-NATIVE MARINE SPECIES IN BRITISH WATERS 13 20 NEW PARADIGM FOR ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT AND INVASIONS 14 21 ACTION LIST 15 22 RECOMMENDATIONS 15 23 CLOSING OF THEMEETING 16 ANNEX 1: AGENDA 17 ANNEX 2: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 21 ANNEX 3: FLOWCHART ON REQUESTS FOR ADVICE ON THE INTRODUCTIONS AND TRANSFERS OF MARINE ORGANISMS 23 ANNEX 4 NATIONALREPORTS FROM MEMBERCOUNTRIES FOR 1994-1995 24 • ANNEX 5 COASTAL PLANTATION'S INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REPORT TO WGITMO ..48 ANNEX 6 BARCELONA APPEAL 52 ANNEX 7 FIRST RESULTS OF THE GERMAN RESEARCH PROJECT ON THE INVASIONS OF NON-INDIGENOUS MARINE SPECIES INTO THE NORTH AND BALTIC SEAS VIA SHIPS: INVESTIGATIONS ON THE ECOLOGICAL THREAT.. 53 ANNEX 8 THE INTRODUCTION OF NON-INDIGENOUS SPECIES TO THE CHESAPEAKE BAY VIA BALLAST WATER 54 ANNEX 9 ACTION LIST 63 ANNEX 10 RECOMMENDATIONS 64 •• ii 1 OPENING OF TIIE MEETING AND 3 REPORT OF leES MEETINGS INTRODUCTION Dr J. CarIton (Chairman) had attended the 1994 ACME The 1995 meeting of the ICES Working Group on meeting in Copenhagen and the 1994 ICES Annual Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms Science Conference (ASC) in St. John's, Newfoundland. (WGITMO) was held at the Institute for Marine Science, The meetings had given hirn opportunities to review the University ofKiel, Germany, from 10-13 April 1995. This activities of WGITMO and to provide an insight on how was the first time that the Working Group had met in WGITh10 addressed the topies brought to its attention and Germany. The members of WGITMO were welcomed by also how the Working Group drafied its recommendations. Prof. Dr Harald RosenthaI. The objectives of the 1995 meeting were reviewed and the agenda for the meeting was considered and approved (Annex 1). At this meeting, 4 STATUS OF RECOI\1l\1ENDATIONS there were 13 participants representing 8 member FRO:\11994l\1EETING countries, in addition 4 invited guests were present (Annex 2). The recommendations from the 1994 WGITMO meeting are Iisted below with their outcome at the 1994 ASC. 2 TERMS OF REFERENCE Rccommendation I Teims of reference (C.Res.l994/2:7: I0) for the Working That the '1994 ICES Code of Practiee on Introductions Group on Introductions and Transfers of Marine and Transfers of Marine Organisms' whieh has been Organisms (Chairman: Dr J.T. Carlton, USA), meeting at modified to take account of the problems associated with • the University of Kiel, Germany from 10-13 April 1995, introductions and transfers of marine organisms, and are to: genetically modified organisms, be presented to the Council for adoption. a) report on the current status of fish, shellfish, algal, and other introductions in and between ICES member became ,countries, including the annual report on the status of Porphyra in the GulfofMaine; The revised 1994 ICES Code of Practice on Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms (Cl\1 1994/ENV:ll) b) prepare a discussion document on different models that will be adopted by ICES and recommended for use in all could be applied for evaluating the potential ecologieal ICES Member Countries. and genetic risks that might arise from proposed introductions and transfers; Approvedas C.Res.1994/4.3 c) begin to consider the implications of introducing Recommendation 2 ,marine organisms into the environment as potential agents for biologieal control; That the '1994 ICES Code of Practice on Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms" once adopted by the d) fmalize work on the new ICES Cooperative Research Council, along with abriefhistory of the Code and ofthe Report on "The ICES Code of Practiee on Working Group on Introductions and Transfers of Marine • Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms: Organisms, be published as an ICES Cooperative Guidelines and a Manual ofProcedures", incorporating Research Report, this report will serve as an accessible a history of the usage of the Code, an example of a source of the Code of Practiee, and as a general prospectus relative to proposing new introductions, information source about the Working Group on guidelines for evaluating the ecologieal effects of the Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms and release of GMOs (in consultation with the Working ICES activities in general in this field. Group on Applications of Genetics in Fisheries and Marieulture), and a review of case histories and Recommendation 3 decisions reached by the Council on introductions and transfers; That the '1994 ICES Code of Practiee on Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms', along with abrief e) finalize plans for the 1995 Theme Session, "Ballast history of the Code and of the Working Group on Water: Ecological and Fisheries Implications" to be Introductions and Transfers of Marine Organisms, be 'held during the 1995 ICES Annual Science Conference published in one or more additional scientific journals, by (83rd Statutory Meeting) in Aalborg, Denmark. the Working Group, to insure the widest possible dissemination. became .. t .: .'..... ". ,'~ : ~ •• ~. 1 That the 1994 Code of Practiee on Introductions and triploidy) for field experiments, the efficacy of and Transfers ofMarine Organisms will be issued separately as justification for these techniques, and the risks involved a leaflet and distributed as widely as possible gratis. relative to reversion to a reproductive state, should be discussed by the ICES Working Group on Applications of Approvedas C.Res.199411.4 Geneties in Fisheries and MaricuIture. H.ecommendation 4 Endorsed by fhe ACME in 1994, see lCES Coop. Res. Rep., No. 204 (Secfion 14.4), p. 65. That on the basis ofthe considerations ofthe WGITMO on the importation of bass from the USA to Ireland by a H.ecommendation 6 private party, member countries are advised that the Council does not oppose the importation subject to With reference to C.Res.l993/3.7, ICES will work to adherence to the ICES Code of Practice, and under the identify an official avenue in the European Commission land-based, completely contained culture conditions (EC) to establish a dialogue between ICES Member prcsented to the Council, and subject to the following Countries and the EC relative to the ecologieal and genetic conditions: impacts of increasing movements through trade ofaquatic organisms and their products, and not just relative to the a) An assessment will be carried out whieh addresses the prevention ofthe spread ofdisease agents. The WGITMO operational and environmental aspects of the disposal could serve within ICES to provide the technieal and ofall waste products, including dead fish, waste water, scientific expertise relative to this issue. and liquid manure. (The disposal ofthese products is to meet with the requirements of the relevant lrish Approvedas C.Res.199413.2 authorities). • Recommendation 7 b) The/acilifY will be consfructed so that in the event of complete tank(s) failure all fish and water would be In the light ofthe spread of introduced exotic species and physieally contained within the facility. their potentially serious ecologieal damage, as evidenced by the spread ofthe ctenophore Afnemiopsis spp in Europe c) A confingency plan will beprepared that addresses any and the discovery of the "phantom": fish-killing and all identifiable potential accidental events that dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscimorfe, ICES Member could lead to fish escape (such as loss of fingerlings Countries should be encouraged to develop ballast water during transfer from the port of entry to the cuIture and sediment management practiees.
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