E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 107 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 148 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 6, 2002 No. 23 House of Representatives The House met at 10 a.m. The SPEAKER. Pursuant to clause 8, substance known to man back and The Chaplain, the Reverend Daniel P. rule XX, further proceedings on this forth through 43 States, especially Coughlin, offered the following prayer: question will be postponed. when DOE has no strategy or plan for Lord, merciful and gracious God, The point of no quorum is considered the possibility of disaster. We need to bless Congress today. You lead all into withdrawn. protect our communities and constitu- the desert in search of salvation. There f ents, protect our Nation. I urge Mem- light and darkness are bold and relent- bers to vote ‘‘no’’ on Yucca Mountain. less, each night falling suddenly on the PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE f Nation’s brightness. For in Your pres- The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman WHY ALL THE GIMMICKS? ence the barren land is timeless. As the from Massachusetts (Mr. NEAL) come cold mountains are once again awak- forward and lead the House in the (Mr. DEFAZIO asked and was given ened by the pounding, shake us into Pledge of Allegiance. permission to address the House for 1 Lenten awareness. Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts led the minute and to revise and extend his re- Forty years seems hardly a lifetime Pledge of Allegiance as follows: marks.) Mr. DEFAZIO. Mr. Speaker, remem- anymore. Yet Your people wandered I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the ber the Social Security lockbox? Re- aimlessly through purification longing United States of America, and to the Repub- publican leadership had us vote on pro- for Your promises to be fulfilled. lic for which it stands, one nation under God, tecting Social Security with a lockbox Forty days seems far longer than a indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. eight times over 5 years. But now, of month’s time now. Yet removed from f course, the lockbox has been ripped the crowd, Moses and Jesus climbed YUCCA MOUNTAIN POSES A opened and plundered, and over the the desolate stage of this mountain to MOVING DISASTER next 10 years it will finance tax cuts seek Your face. for the wealthiest of Americans. This year make our annual desert (Mr. GIBBONS asked and was given permission to address the House for 1 Now there is a new gimmick. Hey, story victorious by Your Holy Name. certificates. Certificates suitable for minute and to revise and extend his re- May Passover and Christian Pasch framing on the wall and hanging next marks.) bring forth the first vestiges of peace. to the Enron stock certificate. They Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, how For this we pray now and forever. will be just as valuable. That is their much more simply can I say it, that Amen. new gimmick. f shipping nuclear waste back and forth Mr. Speaker, why all of the gim- across this country 96,000 times is sim- THE JOURNAL micks? Because they are proposing a ply unsafe. Sure, proponents of the privatization plan that will undermine The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam- Yucca Mountain Project would say the foundations of Social Security, cut ined the Journal of the last day’s pro- that some 3,000 shipments have already benefits, increase the retirement age; ceedings and announces to the House been made to destinations in America or, phenomenally, increase the debt. his approval thereof. without any incidents. But let me say, They have yet to say how they are Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour- I am sure that the elevators in the going to pay for their risky privatiza- nal stands approved. World Trade Center operated fault- tion plans, taking 2 percent, doubling Mr. MCNULTY. Mr. Speaker, pursu- lessly until September 11. We cannot the problem that Social Security has. ant to clause 1, rule I, I demand a vote use the past to predict the future. Instead of Social Security running out on agreeing to the Speaker’s approval Mr. Speaker, terrorist threats of money in 2038 and only being able to of the Journal. against one of these many shipments is pay 73 percent of benefits after that The SPEAKER. The question is on a real danger, and it would be foolish time, they have a plan that will run the Speaker’s approval of the Journal. to disregard it. Moreover, the news pro- Social Security out of money in 2024. The question was taken; and the gram ‘‘60 Minutes’’ last year said that That is not a great plan. Speaker announced that the ayes ap- train accidents due to track failure are f peared to have it. happening at a rate of nearly 1 every 24 Mr. MCNULTY. Mr. Speaker, I object hours. Just a few months ago the city THE AXIS OF EVIL to the vote on the ground that a of Baltimore was nearly shut down due (Mr. PITTS asked and was given per- quorum is not present and make the to a chemical train accident. mission to address the House for 1 point of order that a quorum is not Mr. Speaker, I am not willing to minute and to revise and extend his re- present. gamble on transporting the deadliest marks.)

b This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., b 1407 is 2:07 p.m. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

H689

.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR7.000 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 H690 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 Mr. PITTS. Mr. Speaker, when the PAYING TRIBUTE TO CATHY ARMY NEEDS ADEQUATE leader of the free world came to this LAIRD RESOURCES Chamber in January to deliver his (Mr. PENCE asked and was given per- (Mr. RYUN of Kansas asked and was State of the Union address, he de- mission to address the House for 1 given permission to address the House scribed the axis of evil governments. minute and to revise and extend his re- for 1 minute and to revise and extend He mentioned them by name: Iran, Iraq marks.) his remarks.) and North Korea. Mr. PENCE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today Mr. RYUN of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I Since then, some people have criti- in deep humility to join in the shock rise today to recognize the enduring cized the speech. In fact, one of Presi- and the grief of the citizens of Shelby commitment the Army provides to our dent Bush’s predecessors said the County, Indiana, to pay tribute to the Nation. Throughout our history, we speech was ‘‘over simplistic’’ and passing of a leader, a wife, a mother, have relied on the Army to provide de- ‘‘counterproductive.’’ and a distinguished local citizen, Cathy cisive force to defend America and her Mr. Speaker, the Government of Iran Laird, who passed away at the age of 37 interests. spends millions of dollars financing the yesterday following the complications In the aftermath of September 11, the murder of innocent civilians and vio- from an automobile accident. Cathy Army again answered the call by effec- lence in the Middle East. The Govern- Laird was not only a distinguished pub- tively leading efforts to support vic- ment of Iraq has used chemical weap- lic servant who would have, without tims and secure our borders. They con- ons to kill its own citizens and has in- term limits, been permitted to run for tinue to coordinate efforts to protect vaded its neighbors. North Korea is the her third consecutive term as county our Nation throughout this country only country I know of today that has clerk, she was also the devoted wife of through homeland defense. concentration camps where people Roger, the devoted mother of Mary, 9, Last week General Shinseki testified enter and never come home from. They and Emily, 5. Emily was in the car about the need of the Army to increase literally starve their citizens. when the accident occurred; and char- its end strength. I believe we would do If that is not evil, I do not know what acteristic of Cathy, she looked after well to heed his advice. is. Years ago another President re- Emily making sure Emily got to her Today America only boasts the ninth ferred to the Soviet Union as an evil appointment while she was taken to largest army in the world. Of the top empire, and some of us remember the the hospital. eight, six are potential adversaries. We Soviet refusenik Natan Sharansky. He Mr. Speaker, I encourage Roger and must work to increase the Army force was in a gulag when President Reagan all family and friends to not grieve like structure. It should be obvious that we gave that speech. Mr. Sharansky told the rest of men who have no hope. must maintain stability through me, when I met him, that news of that Cathy had the hope that is now real- strong ground forces. speech spread like wildfire through the ized, and we will pray for her husband, Mr. Speaker, we rely on the Army to Soviet gulags. Not until then did they her children, her family, her friends, win wars and maintain the peace. Now realize that a leader in the West under- and a grieving community who take more than ever, we must give these stood the nature of communism. comfort in the faith, hope and love of men and women adequate resources to Cathy Laird. meet these requirements. f f f SOCIAL SECURITY AND THE b 1015 STOP CORPORATE EXPATRIATES BUDGET INTERNATIONAL CHILD (Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts asked (Mr. RODRIGUEZ asked and was ABDUCTION and was given permission to address given permission to address the House (Mr. LAMPSON asked and was given the House for 1 minute and to revise for 1 minute and to revise and extend permission to address the House for 1 and extend his remarks.) his remarks.) minute.) Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts. Mr. Mr. RODRIGUEZ. Mr. Speaker, So- Mr. LAMPSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise Speaker, in the 6 months since the dev- cial Security has been a successful pro- again today to talk about Ludwig astating attacks of September 11, we gram. It has helped millions of seniors Koons. Ludwig is still being held ille- have seen some of the most heart- out of poverty. Our seniors are facing a gally by his mother in Italy. warming images of our American fam- dilemma, one that threatens their se- He was born in New York City in ily pulling together to support one an- curity and their trust. We must fight 1992. When he was a year old, his moth- other. While Congress grapples with to preserve our Social Security trust er, Ilona Staller, took him to Rome. the tough decisions on how to pay for fund and honor the country’s commit- After promising a quick return, Ilona this war against terrorist and enhanced ment. delayed her return to the United States homeland security and other pressing The President’s budget does not after Mr. Koons had purchased tickets national priorities, one member of the honor the commitment to our seniors, for his family to return to New York. American family is losing its commit- and in turn fails all Americans. Now is But in December of 1993 he learned that ment. I quote, ‘‘Maybe patriotism the time for us to focus on a long-term Ilona had left their son with unknown needs to take a back seat to improve budget plan that will recover as the third parties and traveled to Ecuador our earnings.’’ economy recovers, returning us to an to participate in an erotic porno- Mr. Speaker, these were the dis- era where we can fully protect and graphic show. turbing words of one aggressive ac- even strengthen our Social Security Mr. Koons quickly went to Rome to countant a mere 3 months ago urging trust fund. We need to recommit to the find his son. He found Ludwig confused, her corporate clients to sneak out of idea of Social Security surplus dollars disoriented and abandoned by his the U.S. in the dark of night to avoid only for Social Security and paying mother, left in the care of a foreigner paying income tax. For a mere $27,000 down the national debt. who spoke neither Italian nor English. to rent a post office box offshore, one The President’s new budget raids the Ludwig’s housing environment was U.S. corporation has avoided $40 mil- Social Security surplus to pay for gov- filled with pornography and was phys- lion a year in corporate income taxes. ernment programs, not just 1 year but ically dangerous due to construction If these were individuals doing this, the 10 years. Our seniors deserve better materials left strewn about. Neither American taxpayers would be outraged. than gimmicks and budget tricks. They the Italian nor the United States gov- Mr. Speaker, join me in shutting need us to lead and fight for the preser- ernments are helping to correct this down this loophole exploited by cor- vation of a historic program and for situation. porate expatriates before one more the needs of seniors. We ask Congress Mr. Speaker, we would not want our American company decides to shelve to reconsider their budget, reconsider own children in this kind of an envi- the Stars and Stripes to save some their tax cuts, and reassume the re- ronment. We should not want it for any money on the bottom line by avoiding sponsibility, and that is to pay down American child. It is time to bring our corporate income tax. our debt and take care of our seniors. children home.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.002 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H691 DOMESTIC VIOLENCE practice here in the United States. It is send button to send out the press re- (Mrs. CAPITO asked and was given unacceptable. lease that we have done something permission to address the House for 1 I urge the Congress to pass this bi- about unemployment. You know it will minute and to revise and extend her re- partisan resolution commemorating die in the Senate because you designed marks.) International Women’s Day. it to die in the Senate. I do not think Mrs. CAPITO. Mr. Speaker, I come to f that is fair, and I think that we ought the floor today to address a very seri- to bring the Senate bill out here and AGRICULTURE BILL IN pass it with no problems. ous and pressing problem in our com- CONFERENCE munities and in our society, domestic f (Mr. SMITH of Michigan asked and violence. Around the world at least one was given permission to address the THE WAR ON TERROR woman in every three has been beaten, House for 1 minute.) (Mr. KINGSTON asked and was given coerced into sex, or otherwise abused Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speak- permission to address the House for 1 in her lifetime. Most often, the abuser er, the conferees on the agricultural minute and to revise and extend his re- is a member of her own family. Increas- bill in both the House and the Senate marks.) ingly, gender-based violence is recog- are now meeting to come to an agree- Mr. KINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, yester- nized as a major public health concern ment on what should the agricultural day Valdosta, Georgia, and Savannah, and a violation of human rights. policy be for the United States for the Georgia, received the sad news that In my home State of West Virginia, next 5 yrs. The Senate put in provi- four of our service members in the domestic violence complaints to law sions in their bill that there should be First Ranger Battalion were among enforcement agencies have increased payment limitations that limit how those who were killed in Afghanistan. by 400 percent since 1998. Last April, much money a farmer can get from We join their families and the entire Attorney General John Ashcroft an- price supports. The House, when we Nation in mourning their loss and ap- nounced that West Virginia would be brought up my amendment, failed by 28 preciating their patriotism and sac- receiving $1.1 million. I commend this votes to pass such a payment limita- rifice. effort. tion amendment. But even as we do that, the criticism We must keep in mind that battering I urge my colleagues to join us and of the policy in Afghanistan by the behavior is prevalent across all lines of call my office or the office of the gen- Democrats continues. Jimmy Carter race, ethnicity, geography, education, says that Bush’s approach is too sim- tleman from Nebraska (Mr. BEREUTER) social class, religion and sexual ori- or the office of the gentleman from plistic. Let us review time a minute. entation and that battering has ad- When the Soviets invaded Afghanistan, North Dakota (Mr. POMEROY), sending Jimmy Carter was President, and his verse, long-term psychological, emo- a letter to those conferees to encourage very complicated reply was to boycott tional, physical and economic effects that we have some payment limita- the Olympics. I guess that is not sim- on women and children. tions. There are huge farm operations plification, but what George Bush is in Mr. Speaker, this is Violence Against receiving 15, 20, 25, 30, $35 million from uniting a global front against terror- Women Week, and so I urge all of my 1998 until 2001. There is logic to having ists, I guess that is simplistic. It is in- colleagues to stand up for battered a farm policy that helps most of our teresting that Mr. Carter only served women everywhere. farmers, the traditional family farms one term. f instead giving an extra $2 to $3 billion Meanwhile, Democrats in Congress to the huge mega farms. RECOGNIZING INTERNATIONAL are saying that the war will not be won I would ask my colleagues to join in WOMEN’S DAY or complete until we get Osama bin this effort to have a good farm policy (Ms. SCHAKOWSKY asked and was Laden. I guess they better explain that bill with some payment limitations. to World War II veterans because, after given permission to address the House f all, we never found Hitler, and they for 1 minute.) must think that we lost that war as Ms. SCHAKOWSKY. Mr. Speaker, CALLING FOR AN EXTENSION OF UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS well. this week I will be introducing a bipar- I join Democrats, and I know it is not tisan resolution recognizing and sup- (Mr. MCDERMOTT asked and was all the Democrats, there are a lot of porting the goals of International given permission to address the House good Democrats who are supporting Women’s Day celebrated March 8 every for 1 minute and to revise and extend this administration, but I invite the year. We should commemorate this day his remarks.) liberal extremist fringe in their party by honoring the women around the Mr. MCDERMOTT. Mr. Speaker, it to support the President and to support globe who have contributed enor- may be great comfort to the unem- our service members. This is a matter mously to the struggle for gender ployed in this country to know that we of freedom. equality and the advancement of have gathered here in the House of women. That struggle continues today. Representatives today to debate f While the right to vote has been won whether or not there should be a AMERICAN CORPORATIONS GO TO here in the United States, there still mourning dove hunting season. BERMUDA remain women in many countries The Speaker made us very com- (Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California fighting for their voices to be heard fortable back in September saying we asked and was given permission to ad- and for representation in their political would do something about the unem- dress the House for 1 minute and to re- process. Furthermore, women still earn ployed. We have not done anything vise and extend his remarks.) less, own less property and have less since then about it that can get Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California. access to education, employment and through both the House and the Sen- Mr. Speaker, America goes to war health care than men. ate. The Senate sent over a clean un- against terrorism. America’s fighting Our war against terrorism should in- employment bill that should be men and women are put in harm’s way. clude ending violence against women. brought to the floor and sent back to American soldiers lose their lives. And The U.N. estimates that one out of the Senate and become law. American corporations go to Bermuda. every three women and girls has been Since September, 1.3 million Ameri- At a time of national emergency, ac- beaten or sexually abused in her life- cans have exhausted their benefits. In countants are writing advice to their time. Each year there are 1 million to January alone, 356,000 people exhausted corporations saying that maybe patri- 2 million women and children illegally their benefits, the single largest loss of otism will have to take a back seat in trafficked across international borders, benefits in almost 10 years. the opportunity to maximize their with 50,000 transported to the United Why is it that you have to bring a profits by avoiding American taxes on States. It is estimated that 130 million bill out here today with another poison their corporation by taking up illegal girls and young women have been sub- pill tied to it? There are 222 press sec- residence on the island of Bermuda. jected to female genital mutilation, retaries right now in those Republican With the Republican tax cuts to the with at least 10,000 girls at risk of this offices with their thumb right over the wealthy, the burden of paying for this

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:08 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.004 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H692 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 war is falling more and more on mid- Ensuring that domestic violence vic- Hobson McInnis Ryan (WI) Hoeffel McIntyre Ryun (KS) dle-class and lower-income Americans. tims receive necessary services to pro- Hoekstra McKeon Sanders More and more this war is being fought tect themselves and their children is Holden McKinney Sandlin out of the Social Security trust fund one of the most important things that Holt Meehan Sawyer that is paid more and more by middle- this legislative body can do while we Honda Meek (FL) Saxton Horn Meeks (NY) Schakowsky class and lower-income Americans, but attempt to sensitize those who are Hostettler Mica Schiff American corporations decide that guardians of law, who are sworn to up- Houghton Miller, Dan Schrock they will escape any liability, any re- hold the meaning of the law, will be Hoyer Miller, Gary Scott sponsibility for the payment of Amer- Hunter Miller, Jeff Sensenbrenner further sensitized to the violence Hyde Mink Serrano ica’s efforts against terrorism by going against women and how it can be Inslee Mollohan Sessions to Bermuda and taking a tax holiday. abated. Isakson Moran (VA) Shadegg f Israel Morella Shaw f Issa Murtha Shays TEACHER TAX CREDIT ACT OF 2002 Istook Myrick Sherman THE JOURNAL Jackson (IL) Nadler Sherwood (Mrs. WILSON of New Mexico asked Jackson-Lee Neal Shimkus and was given permission to address The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. (TX) Nethercutt Shows the House for 1 minute and to revise CAMP). Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX, Jefferson Ney Shuster the pending business is the question of Jenkins Northup Simmons and extend her remarks.) Johnson (CT) Norwood Simpson Mrs. WILSON of New Mexico. Mr. agreeing to the Speaker’s approval of Johnson (IL) Nussle Skeen Speaker, today I will introduce the the Journal of the last day’s pro- Johnson, E. B. Obey Skelton Teacher Tax Credit Act of 2002 to the ceedings. Johnson, Sam Olver Slaughter Jones (NC) Ortiz Smith (MI) Congress. The question is on the Speaker’s ap- Kanjorski Osborne Smith (NJ) Over the next 10 years, America will proval of the Journal. Kaptur Ose Smith (TX) have to recruit and train 2 million new The question was taken; and the Keller Otter Smith (WA) teachers. While we do not have a teach- Speaker pro tempore announced that Kelly Owens Snyder Kennedy (RI) Oxley Souder er shortage now, we do have a mal- the ayes appeared to have it. Kerns Pallone Spratt distribution of teachers. This Tax Cred- Mr. MCNULTY. Mr. Speaker, I object Kildee Pascrell Stark it Act would provide a $2,000 non- to the vote on the ground that a Kind (WI) Pastor Stearns refundable tax credit for teachers, as- King (NY) Paul Stenholm quorum is not present and make the Kingston Payne Stump sistant teachers, principals and assist- point of order that a quorum is not Kirk Pelosi Sullivan ant principals who teach in title I eli- present. Kleczka Pence Sununu gible schools. Those are schools in our The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi- Knollenberg Peterson (PA) Tauscher Kolbe Petri Tauzin poorest neighborhoods where it is often dently, a quorum is not present. LaFalce Phelps Taylor (NC) hard to keep teachers, where the aver- The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- LaHood Pitts Terry age experience level of teachers is sent Members. Lampson Platts Thomas lower than they are in other schools Langevin Pombo Thornberry The vote was taken by electronic de- Larson (CT) Pomeroy Thune because it is a tougher job. vice, and there were—yeas 352, nays 43, LaTourette Portman Thurman So let us give teachers in our schools answered ‘‘present’’ 1, not voting 38, as Leach Price (NC) Tiahrt that need the most help a little more follows: Levin Pryce (OH) Tiberi Lewis (CA) Putnam Tierney support from the Federal Government [Roll No. 48] by saying, yes, we want to give you the Lewis (GA) Quinn Turner YEAS—352 Lewis (KY) Radanovich Upton resources you need to stay in that Lipinski Rahall Velazquez neighborhood, teach in that school and Ackerman Capps Evans Lowey Rangel Vitter Akin Cardin Everett make sure that we leave no child be- Lucas (KY) Regula Walden Allen Carson (IN) Farr Lucas (OK) Rehberg Walsh hind. Andrews Carson (OK) Fattah Luther Reyes Wamp f Armey Castle Ferguson Lynch Reynolds Watkins (OK) Baca Chabot Flake Maloney (CT) Riley Watt (NC) DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Bachus Chambliss Fletcher Maloney (NY) Rivers Watts (OK) Baker Clay Foley Manzullo Rodriguez Waxman (Ms. CARSON of Indiana asked and Baldwin Clement Forbes Markey Roemer Weiner was given permission to address the Barcia Clyburn Ford Mascara Rogers (KY) Weldon (FL) House for 1 minute and to revise and Barr Coble Fossella Matheson Rogers (MI) Weldon (PA) extend her remarks.) Barrett Collins Frank Matsui Rohrabacher Whitfield Bartlett Combest Frelinghuysen McCarthy (MO) Ros-Lehtinen Wilson (NM) Ms. CARSON of Indiana. Mr. Speak- Barton Conyers Frost McCarthy (NY) Ross Wilson (SC) er, historically, domestic violence has Bass Cooksey Gallegly McCollum Rothman Wolf been a silent epidemic. According to a Becerra Costello Ganske McCrery Roukema Wynn recent study conducted by the Com- Bereuter Cramer Gekas McGovern Royce Young (FL) Berkley Crenshaw Gibbons McHugh Rush monwealth Fund, almost 4 million Berman Crowley Gilchrest women are physically abused each year Berry Culberson Gillmor NAYS—43 Biggert Cummings Gilman in the United States. In my district Aderholt Jones (OH) Stupak Bilirakis Cunningham Gonzalez Baird Kennedy (MN) Sweeney alone, domestic violence remains Bishop Davis (CA) Goode Baldacci Kucinich Tanner unabated. We had the tragic situation Blumenauer Davis (FL) Goodlatte Borski Larsen (WA) Taylor (MS) Blunt Davis (IL) Gordon where a young man went to court, was Brady (PA) Latham Thompson (CA) Boehlert Davis, Jo Ann Goss Capuano LoBiondo Thompson (MS) convicted of domestic violence, was al- Boehner Davis, Tom Graham Crane McDermott Towns lowed to leave the courtroom and go Bonilla Deal Granger DeFazio McNulty Udall (CO) Bonior DeGette Graves home and prepare himself for prison. English Moore Udall (NM) Bono Delahunt Green (TX) Instead, he visited his wife’s job and Gutknecht Moran (KS) Visclosky Boozman DeLauro Green (WI) Hastings (FL) Peterson (MN) Weller killed her and another day care pro- Boswell DeMint Greenwood Hefley Ramstad Wicker vider. Boucher Deutsch Grucci Hilleary Sabo Wu Boyd Diaz-Balart Gutierrez Domestic violence is the leading Hooley Schaffer Brady (TX) Dicks Hall (OH) cause of injury to women in this coun- Hulshof Strickland Brown (FL) Dingell Hall (TX) try, where they are more likely to be Brown (OH) Doggett Hansen ANSWERED ‘‘PRESENT’’—1 assaulted, injured, raped or killed by a Brown (SC) Doyle Harman male partner than by any other type of Bryant Dreier Hart Tancredo Burr Duncan Hastings (WA) assailant. We need to expand the Call Burton Dunn Hayes NOT VOTING—38 to Protect program, continue funding Buyer Edwards Hayworth Abercrombie Condit Doolittle of VAWA and demand that the Vio- Callahan Ehlers Herger Ballenger Cox Ehrlich lence Against Women Office in the De- Camp Emerson Hill Bentsen Coyne Filner Cannon Engel Hilliard Blagojevich Cubin Gephardt partment of Justice become perma- Cantor Eshoo Hinchey Calvert DeLay John nent. Capito Etheridge Hinojosa Clayton Dooley Kilpatrick

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.005 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H693 Lantos Miller, George Toomey Record designated for that purpose in clause Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I Lee Napolitano Traficant 8 of rule XVIII. Amendments so printed shall want to thank the gentleman from Linder Oberstar Waters be considered as read. At the conclusion of Lofgren Pickering Watson (CA) Washington (Mr. HASTINGS) for yield- consideration of the concurrent resolution Menendez Roybal-Allard Wexler ing me the time, and I yield myself for amendment the Committee shall rise and Millender- Sanchez Woolsey such time as I may consume. McDonald Solis Young (AK) report the concurrent resolution to the House with such amendments as may have This is an open rule. It will allow for b 1051 been adopted. The previous question shall be consideration of H. Con. Res. 375 and, Mr. ENGLISH changed his vote from considered as ordered on the concurrent res- as we have heard, this is a resolution ‘‘yea’’ to ‘‘nay.’’ olution and amendments thereto to final regarding hunting seasons for migra- adoption without intervening motion except Messrs. JENKINS, EHLERS, and tory mourning doves. one motion to recommit with or without in- As the gentleman from Washington ROSS changed their vote from ‘‘nay’’ structions. (Mr. HASTINGS) has described, this rule to ‘‘yea.’’ The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- provides for 1 hour of general debate So the Journal was approved. tleman from Washington (Mr. that will be equally divided and con- The result of the vote was announced HASTINGS) is recognized for 1 hour. trolled by the chairman and ranking as above recorded. Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. minority member of the Committee on Stated for: Speaker, for the purpose of debate Resources. The rule permits amend- Ms. SOLIS. Mr. Speaker, during rollcall vote only, I yield the customary 30 minutes ments under the 5-minute rule. This is No. 48 on approving the Journal I was un- to the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. the normal amending process in the avoidably detained. Had I been present, I HALL), pending which I yield myself House. All Members on both sides of would have voted ‘‘yea.’’ such time as I may consume. During the aisle will have an opportunity to Stated against: consideration of this resolution, all offer germane amendments. Mr. FILNER. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. 48, time yielded is for the purpose of de- Mr. Speaker, this resolution ex- I was conducting official business in my San bate only. presses the sense of Congress that the Diego, California district. Had I been present, (Mr. HASTINGS of Washington asked Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1916 be I would have voted ‘‘nay.’’ and was given permission to revise and renegotiated to provide a longer hunt- f extend his remarks.) ing season for mourning doves above Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. the 37 degrees latitude. If the hunting REMOVAL OF NAME OF MEMBER season were extended, that would af- AS COSPONSOR OF H.R. 3694 Speaker, House Resolution 353 is an open rule waiving all points of order fect 22 States where mourning dove Mr. LAHOOD. Mr. Speaker, I ask against the consideration of H. Con. hunting is permitted. It also includes unanimous consent to have my name Res. 275, a sense of the Congress re- my State of Ohio. removed as a cosponsor of H.R. 3694. garding hunting seasons for migratory Though this measure is important to The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. mourning doves. The rule provides one many hunters and it is an important CAMP). Is there objection to the request hour of general debate to be equally di- issue in many parts of this country, of the gentleman from Illinois? vided between the chairman and rank- there is a far more important matter of There was no objection. ing minority member of the Committee legislation to extend unemployment f on Resources. The rule waives all insurance to out-of-work Americans points of order against the consider- that we are very concerned about. PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION Many men and women have lost their OF H. CON. RES. 275, SENSE OF ation of the concurrent resolution. The rule also authorizes the Chair- jobs after the September 11 terrorist CONGRESS ON HUNTING SEA- man of the Committee of the Whole to attack which was almost 6 months ago, SONS FOR MIGRATORY MOURN- accord priority recognition to Members and those benefits will soon run out ING DOVES who have preprinted their amendments unless we pass a bill to increase their unemployment insurance. We need to Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. Speaker, by direction of the Com- Finally, Mr. Speaker, the rule pro- deal with this issue immediately. Therefore, I will oppose the previous mittee on Rules, I call up House Reso- vides for one motion to recommit, with question and, if the previous question lution 353 and ask for its immediate or without instructions. is defeated, I will offer an amendment consideration. Mr. Speaker, H. Con. Res. 275 is a to the rule which will permit the House The Clerk read the resolution, as fol- sense of the Congress introduced by the lows: to take up the Senate amendment to distinguished chairman of the Com- H.R. 3090, which would extend unem- H. RES. 353 mittee on Resources, the gentleman ployment insurance by 13 weeks. Resolved, That at any time after the adop- from Utah (Mr. HANSEN), and it ex- Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of tion of this resolution the Speaker may, pur- presses the sense of Congress that, one, my time. suant to clause 2(b) of rule XVIII, declare the the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. House resolved into the Committee of the should be modified to allow for mourn- Speaker, I am pleased to yield such Whole House on the state of the Union for ing dove hunting during the last week consideration of the concurrent resolution time as he may consume to the gen- (H. Con. Res. 275) expressing the sense of the in August in areas north of 37 degrees tleman from Utah (Mr. HANSEN), the Congress that hunting seasons for migratory north latitude; two, that the United distinguished chairman of the Com- mourning doves should be modified so that States should begin discussions with mittee on Resources. individuals have a fair and equitable oppor- the appropriate parties to ensure that (Mr. HANSEN asked and was given tunity to hunt such birds. The first reading all Americans have an opportunity to permission to revise and extend his re- of the concurrent resolution shall be dis- harvest migratory mourning doves in marks.) pensed with. All points of order against con- an equitable manner; and, three, that Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, this is sideration of the concurrent resolution are hunters and wildlife management agen- kind of a cherished thing in America, waived. General debate shall be confined to the concurrent resolution and shall not ex- cies in the States north of 37 degrees the hunting of doves. Many of us who ceed one hour equally divided and controlled latitude should support an earlier hunt have noticed in our younger years by the chairman and ranking minority mem- opening date for the mourning dove that dove hunting was not a big thing. ber of the Committee on Resources. After season. Deer season was always such a big general debate the concurrent resolution Mr. Speaker, H. Con. Res. 275 was re- thing in the State of Utah that they shall be considered for amendment under the ported by unanimous consent of the closed the schools, the churches, and five-minute rule. The concurrent resolution Committee on Resources on February everything else at the opening of deer shall be considered as read. During consider- 27, 2002. Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I en- season. Fishing was always a mass exo- ation of the concurrent resolution for courage my colleagues to support both amendment, the Chairman of the Committee dus out of town to get to various mass of the Whole may accord priority in recogni- the rule, H. Res. 353, and the under- areas. Dove season was never consid- tion on the basis of whether the Member of- lying bill. ered as much. fering an amendment has caused it to be Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of I do not think people understand the printed in the portion of the Congressional my time. importance of this little elusive bird

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR7.001 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 H694 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 that people call the mourning dove. Ac- bill that seeks to address the Migra- those others who have spoken in hopes tually, there are millions of them. The tory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 to try to that we will vote for the rule, pass the problem we have on this particular bill modify that act to allow for mourning rule, and then vote and pass the resolu- is that when the days start getting dove hunting during the last week of tion. shorter and when we have a cold snap, August, while over 1 million Americans Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I what happens is they go south because are being deprived of an opportunity to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from they are a migratory bird. receive income into their family be- Massachusetts (Mr. TIERNEY). cause they are running out of unem- Mr. TIERNEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank b 1100 ployment benefits, and the Federal the gentleman for yielding me the When they go south, the people who Government has not acted to extend time. want to hunt in the northern areas do those benefits, people have every right Mr. Speaker, today we are here to not get the opportunity to hunt, so to ask, What are we doing here in this vote on the fate of mourning doves. they maybe can pick up a straggler Congress? Why is Congress considering That may be a serious matter, and peo- here and there. But the folks from a resolution on mourning doves when ple may in fact cherish the opportunity Florida, Texas, the southern States, the recession has lasted 52 weeks so to go and shoot these birds, and that Arizona, New Mexico, Southern Cali- far? Why is Congress considering a res- would be appropriate at some other fornia, they have a heyday. The folks olution on mourning doves when this time, I might suspect. in Mexico really have a heyday because week and next, persons who became un- However, there are people mourning they do not have a limit on it, and they employed after September 11 will ex- in America today because they are go down there and shoot them by the haust their unemployment benefits? working families who have suffered thousands. That I think is another Now, if Members agree with many of record layoffs since the tragic terrorist issue, not one before us today, but pos- us that this is an example of skewed attacks of September 11 and prior to sibly one that should be considered. priorities, it is an example of not being that time. So the people in the north who enjoy in tune with the real needs of the From September 11, the date after hunting, and hunting is one of the tra- American people, then I want to ask which people exhausted their benefits, ditions of America which we all seem them to join with us in opposing the the date they would get additional ben- to enjoy, or many folks seem to enjoy, motion on the previous question. efits under the bipartisan legislation do not get the opportunity or privilege The reason is this: if we are success- passed in the Senate 100 to nothing that people below the parallel that was ful in defeating the motion on the pre- through January of this year, more mentioned before have. vious question, we will then have a than 1.3 million people will have ex- So with this bill we are not telling straight debate on unemployment in- hausted their regular employment ben- them what to do; we do not have that surance extension without any poison efits, and we are here talking about right. We cannot set the limit. What pills. I urge that we keep our priorities doves. In nine States, including my home we are merely saying is the President straight. State of Massachusetts, the number of of the United States will then urge the Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. unemployed workers exhausting their people in Canada and Mexico to renego- Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 min- unemployment benefits from November tiate and start the limit above that utes to the gentleman from Idaho (Mr. to January more than doubled from the parallel by 1 week earlier. That week OTTER). comparable period a year ago. On April seems to be critical, because for those Mr. OTTER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Washington for yield- 15, just a month from now, unemployed of us who have hunted doves, they can workers across this country will be see literally thousands of those birds in ing me the necessary time to at least express interest not only in the passage paying their taxes, filing their returns the area the last week of August. of the rule, which I think is an impor- to pay taxes for the money they made Where do they go the last week of Sep- tant rule to accompany this resolution, before September 11. Those tax dollars tember? As if they knew exactly, away but the folks in my State and in the go to pay our salaries here in Congress. they go, and the hunting is rather poor. adjoining States, all those above the They expect us to work, and they ex- So all this bill does is urge these 37th parallel, do not enjoy the oppor- pect us to set priorities. countries to renegotiate. No one in this tunity, as was stated by several of the Long before the priority of shooting body or the other body has the privi- speakers before myself, including the doves, we should be doing something lege or the right to change the law. We distinguished chairman of the Com- about the unemployment insurance for can just urge that it be done, and this mittee on Resources, to be able to hunt people who are out of work. We were bill would urge the President of the the mourning dove during our season able to work to bail out the airlines. United States to begin that type of a because, as the treaty, which was es- We promised to help the laid-off work- process. tablished in 1916, states, we cannot ers then, and we still have not done it. Mr. Speaker, I would urge a ‘‘yes’’ open our season before September 1. Instead, we have a tax package to help vote on this rule and a ‘‘yes’’ vote on All we need in Idaho and those States corporations. The majority in this the bill. that are north of the 37th parallel is House tried first to give a 15-year Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I just a little bit of a cooling trend and break of $25 billion back to Enron and yield 2 minutes to my friend, the great all the doves immediately go south. other megacorporations, but did not do gentleman from Ohio (Mr. KUCINICH). It is a responsible thing to do, and it anything about unemployment insur- Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Speaker, I thank is a responsible thing to do because of ance. the gentleman for yielding time to me. some of the subject matter that has They still are now trying to under- Mr. Speaker, House Concurrent Reso- been brought up by the gentleman mine that by taking that 100 to zero lution 275 expresses the sense of Con- across the aisle, that there are a lot of proposal from the Senate that would gress that hunting seasons for migra- folks that cannot afford to go to the extend unemployment insurance and tory mourning doves should be modi- southern States, cannot afford to go to add another poison pill, this time shift- fied so that individuals have a fair and Mexico, cannot afford to transport the ing from the employer to the employee equitable opportunity to hunt such weapons or the transportation, and the cost of their basic health insur- birds. these people then are denied the oppor- ance, trying to undermine our em- I think that the American people tunity to hunt, as well. ployer-based health insurance system would have every right to ask the ques- So I think this is an economic stim- as the price for having unemployment tion: Why is Congress considering a ulus package, and it is also a package insurance. resolution on mourning doves when to help those folks who do not have the Well, we have suspension of the rules 11,127,000 Americans have exhausted necessary resources to be able to enjoy for mourning doves, Mr. Speaker, and their unemployment benefits? hunting in their home State and be we should have suspension of the rules The people of this country expect a able to take the mourning doves, with- to deal with the unemployment insur- sense of proportion about what we do in a certain limit. ance. Oppose the motion on the pre- here, a sense of priorities. When we are So, Mr. Speaker, I join with the good vious question, bring forward that Sen- coming forward to this Congress with a gentleman from Washington and all ate bill. No more poison pills. Let us

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.009 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H695 get our business done for America’s they do not have to pay a premium Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I working families. they cannot afford to get a tax credit yield 21⁄2 minutes to the gentleman Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. they will not use until more than a from Wisconsin (Mr. KLECZKA). Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 min- year from now. That is a hoax, not a Mr. KLECZKA. Mr. Speaker, I thank utes to the gentleman from Montana plan. The majority should join with us the gentleman for yielding time to me. (Mr. REHBERG). and defeat this previous question. We do have with us today, Mr. Speak- Mr. REHBERG. Mr. Speaker, I thank Let us have a clean up-and-down vote er, a group of students. I think they are my colleague from the State of Wash- on whether or not to do as 100 Senators probably sitting up there wondering, ington for yielding time to me. did and extend unemployment benefits what is the Congress talking about While I am a freshman, I hope I never for America’s unemployed for 13 weeks. today? The issue before the House is to get to the point on this House floor in Vote ‘‘no’’ on the previous question. extend the hunting season for mourn- my time as a United States Congress- Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I ing doves, little mourning doves that man to belittle the opportunity or at- yield 21⁄2 minutes to our great leader, go whoo, whoo, whoo. In the winter tempt of any other Member in the the gentlewoman from California (Ms. they are at the bottom of the feeder. United States Congress to do some- PELOSI). For the most part, they are ground thing for their constituency. Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I thank feeders. They are pretty little birds, Within the State of Montana, this is the gentleman for yielding time to me. very, very peaceful. What we are doing an important issue. Fish and game can Mr. Speaker, I rise to urge our col- today is extending the season so we can be debated for many hours and many leagues to vote against the previous kill them. days in Montana because of not only question. Here we are on the floor of Well, the students probably know or the hunting experience, but the eco- Congress at a time when our country is have talked to their folks who have in- nomic benefit that it provides to my in a very difficult place economically. dicated this is a bad economy. Maybe residents. On my own ranch we have This month, a record number of people one of the parents is laid off, or a dove hunting. Unfortunately, because have exhausted their unemployment neighbor or an uncle or aunt; and it is of the dates that are included here, benefits, a record number of people. Congress’s authority and it is in our sometimes it can only last 3 days be- Here we are on the floor of the House; power to give them unemployment cause, as the light hours change in the and instead of addressing that very compensation benefits. day and the temperature changes, pressing need for all of those families, b 1115 these migratory birds move south. we are taking up suspensions, a second This is an opportunity to create some day of suspensions. What is happening is they are run- economic development for my State, a I have no quarrel with our dealing ning out of their original natural allot- State that has been gripped for 3, 4, 5, with certain issues, like extending the ment. The U.S. Senate, your Senators, and sometimes 6 years by drought, hunting season for mourning doves, if passed a bill providing a 13-week exten- now. We have a new term in Montana. that is necessary and that is our juris- sion for unemployment compensation It is called ‘‘continuing drought.’’ diction. That is something that should benefits to help people who are laid off. So I will not belittle their oppor- be a small part of what we do. It is in the House, but the Republicans tunity or attempt to do something for But the American people see us on in this House do not want to take it up their constituency, and I hope they TV. They see the irrelevance of what is and instead bring before the House will not continue to do that in this par- going on on the floor of the House of today, we have nothing else to do ticular case, because this is an impor- Representatives. Can we not give to today, they bring before the House tant piece of legislation for my con- the workers of America the same due today a bill to extend the season on stituency. that we give to mourning doves, to ex- killing these little, whoo, whoo, whoo, Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I tend, to extend the time frame? Why mourning doves. yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from does that not have at least as high a Let me tell you about the mourning New Jersey (Mr. ANDREWS). priority to the Republican majority? dove. I come from the State of Wis- (Mr. ANDREWS asked and was given Why do not unemployed workers re- consin. When I was in the State legisla- permission to revise and extend his re- ceive the same priority as hunting sea- ture a couple years ago, back in 1971, marks.) son for mourning doves? the State legislature passed a bill nam- Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Speaker, I thank There was a proposal that was sup- ing the mourning dove a bird of peace, my friend for yielding time to me. posed to come to the floor today which a bird of peace. How noble. It was befit- Mr. Speaker, by a vote of 100 to noth- would have extended the benefits but ting this little bird. Well, then the leg- ing, the other body voted for a 13-week would have a poison pill, a very unwise islature and the Natural Board of Re- extension of unemployment benefits. provision in terms of health benefits. sources last year voted to open the sea- The purpose of our act today is we The Democratic proposal would have son. It is bugging some people that this want to bring that same proposal to been very smart: extend the benefits at little bird which mates for life is at the the floor so we can vote on it as well, least 13 weeks, hopefully 26 weeks, bottom of some people’s bird feeders and extend unemployment benefits. again, recognizing that record numbers cleaning up the seeds that have been We are going to hear that there will of Americans are exhausting their un- knocked out of the feeder and so the be an effort to do that later in the day employment benefits, and couple that response for Wisconsin is kill them. So put forth by the majority, and they with a plan to make the COBRA bene- Wisconsin says let us kill them. They have some things added on to it. What fits available to these unemployed are bugging someone. But then those is wrong with that? Let me tell the workers. who want to kill them are saying, Oh, Members what is wrong with the ma- When we had the tragedy of Sep- but are they good eating. jority’s health care scam that is added tember 11, we immediately moved to Listen, after we take the feathers off to the unemployment benefit exten- bail out the airline industry, and we that little guy, it is about this big and sion. had to do that. But that happened with 4 ounces. Is that a meal? To hear the A person who has been out of work the promise that we would shortly be Republicans come up and say we need for 6 months and is about to lose his or addressing the needs of those Ameri- to kill these birds because of economic her benefits, who has $1,000 in his or cans who lost their jobs because of Sep- stimulus or because we need it to pro- her checking account, here is how they tember 11. vide some economic development, how get health care under the Republican Six months later, we are still waiting hungry can you be? plan. They are supposed to go out and for the Republican majority to bring a We know full well the bad news is the pay $7,000 or more in premiums to buy bill to the floor that adequately ad- bird of peace in the State of Wisconsin a health insurance policy, and then dresses those concerns. Instead, we are is now being killed because it provides wait until next year, when they file here this morning talking about ex- such great meals. I guess it is some- their income tax return and get $4,200 tending the hunting season for mourn- thing like a turkey. back as a credit. ing doves. ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE The Republican health insurance I urge my colleagues to vote against The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. scam requires people to use dollars the previous question. FOSSELLA). Members are reminded not

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.011 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 H696 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 to introduce or bring to the attention Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I ing the unemployment benefits for of the House an occupant in the gal- yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman those who were adversely harmed by leries. from New York (Ms. SLAUGHTER), a what happened on September 11 and be- Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I very much-distinguished member of cause of the economy, we intend to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman the Committee on Rules and of this take that up and we will take that up; from Texas (Ms. JACKSON-LEE). body. and I just wanted to remind my col- (Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas asked Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I leagues of that. and was given permission to revise and thank the gentleman for yielding me Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, this extend her remarks.) time. rule would clear the way for the House to de- Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Mr. Speaker, this morning the morn- bate a nonbinding resolution about changing Speaker, I frankly believe that this ing news from Rochester tells me that the hunting seasons for migratory mourning legislation of the mourning doves will this year my district has lost 12,400 doves. not help those Texans in my State. But jobs. That is almost unheard of in That is an interesting resolution, and it could I do know what will help them and that Rochester, New York. make for an interesting debate. But the fact is a concern about unemployment ben- In 1929 when the crash came, we hard- that it is proposed for debate today on the efits that need to be extended. ly noticed it up there. Our unemploy- House floor is little short of a disgrace be- If you want to know what unemploy- ment rate has been always steady and cause of what it says about the priorities of ment is about, just come to my home very good, but we are bleeding jobs. I the House’s Republican leadership. town of Houston. Although we are the suspect for many of you, your mail In short, they have made it a priority to de- can-do city, we fought against the must reflect mine, Can you do some- bate this nonbinding resolution, instead of try- stress of Tropical Storm Alison, the thing about unemployment? I have lost ing to help people who have lost their jobs number of layoffs of our corporate my unemployment. My unemployment and are in an economic bind. friends like Continental and the dis- is running out. Now to add to the rest I know we are all encouraged by the signs aster of Enron with some 4,500 employ- of our woes, we also have a lot of peo- the economy is recovering from recession. But ees being laid off, we know we can pull ple employed by Global Crossing. the recovery is far from complete, and unem- ourselves up by our boot straps when I am embarrassed that the people in ployment insurance is running out for thou- people are hurting. It is time for this my district are seeing this morning sands of people who have lost their jobs. Congress to address the question of the that what we are most concerned about Extending those benefits is something they devastation of extended unemployment is the shooting of mourning doves, as need and something that will help the econ- just like we went to the aid of many of the previous speaker said, the peace omy because it will enable them to continue those corporate friends who were dev- bird of the State of Wisconsin. I do not paying their bills. And it is what we should be astated after September 11. Thirteen know if enough people in my district doing today instead of debating whether Con- weeks, I will support that; but I also will be able to shoot enough birds to gress should go on record with some opinions believe 52 weeks of extension because feed their family, but it does not look about changing a hunting season. in April my State will see an exhaus- like we will be able to do much here on There should not be any partisan disagree- tion of unemployment benefits of some ment about this. That is why the Senate has 175,000 individuals. extending their unemployment bene- fits. already twice unanimously approved bills that I have heard the stories of individ- would extend unemployment compensation uals who cannot pay for health cov- I am sure they understand that we do not control the agenda of this House, benefits for 13 weeks. erage, cannot provide the dollars that And that is what we should be doing today, or it would have been done a long time allow them to have the COBRA. We instead of debating hunting seasons. We ago; and we should have been taking up need to respond to the crisis of Ameri- should be passing that bill—the bill supported the Senate bill. I urge Members to vote cans right now and need to talk about by every Senator, regardless of party—and against the previous question and the unemployment to the extent that we sending it to the President so he can sign it rule to try to get some unemployment provide the bridge and support for into law. those who are in need. insurance up here. It’s too bad the Republican leadership does Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I I have my constituents talking to me not think that should have priority over this yield myself such time as I may con- about saving Social Security and the resolution. I don’t share that view, and so I sume. prescription drug benefit, but there are cannot support this rule. working families now who have con- Mr. Speaker, before I yield back the Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. tributed to this economy and through time, I would just like to say that it Speaker, I have no further requests for no fault of their own they are no longer has been nearly 6 months since the time, I yield back the balance of my working. I think we are wasting Amer- tragic events of September 11. Millions time, and I move the previous question ica’s time by not coming to this floor, of American jobs have been lost since on the resolution. extending unemployment benefits like then. The unemployment benefits for The previous question was ordered. the Senate did for 13 weeks; and if we 1.3 million Americans have already ex- The resolution was agreed to. can do more we should do more. My ad- pired. Millions more will be losing ben- A motion to reconsider was laid on vocacy is for the extended 52 weeks be- efits in the coming weeks. We must the table. cause I know in April and May there act. f will be people in my home town who Last month the other body passed a PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION will be hurting. very clean extension of these critically We have to face reality, Mr. Speaker. needed benefits. Every day we fail to OF MOTIONS TO SUSPEND THE Legislation that does not help all of us act means economic hardship for more RULES maybe should be reconsidered. I will be and more Americans. In a bipartisan Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, by di- voting against this rule because I want fashion we should not be wasting time rection of the Committee on Rules, I to vote for extended unemployment and be together on this and vote to ex- call up House Resolution 354 and ask benefits for Americans. I want them tend unemployment benefits. for its immediate consideration. back on their feet. I want them to pay As far as the rule is concerned, the The Clerk read the resolution, as fol- for tuition for the young people going rule is okay and it is open. We have no lows: to college. I want them to have health problem with it. H. RES. 354 care. I want to make sure they pay Mr. Speaker, I have no further re- Resolved, That it shall be in order at any their mortgages. I want them to be quests for time, and I yield back the time on the legislative day of Wednesday, proud to be an American. I want to balance of my time. March 6, 2002, for the Speaker to entertain thank those men and women who are Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. motions that the House suspend the rules re- Speaker, I yield myself such time as I lating to the following measures: fighting in Afghanistan to help free us (1) The joint resolution (S.J. Res. 32) con- and free Afghanistan. Let us do some- may consume. gratulating the United States Military Acad- thing for the people here in the United Mr. Speaker, I would like to remind emy at West Point on its bicentennial anni- States and extend the unemployment Members because there is a lot of con- versary, and commending its outstanding benefits. cern on both sides of the aisle regard- contributions to the Nation.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.014 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H697 (2) The bill (S. 1857) to encourage the nego- business until we pass and enact a bill straight to the President, and the lead- tiated settlement of tribal claims. that will help each of those people. ership in the body could signal to the (3) The bill (H.R. 1870) to provide for the Mr. Speaker, I have outlined those unemployed that this House cares sale of certain real property within the things which we will be considering, or about the plight of their families. To- Newlands Project in Nevada, to the city of Fallon, Nevada. hope to consider, today under suspen- day’s confusion, however, will ensure (4) The bill (H.R. 1883) to authorize the Sec- sion of the rules; and I urge all of my just the opposite, more delay and not a retary of the Interior to conduct a feasibility colleagues to support this rule which penny of relief for impacted families. study on water optimization in the Burnt will allow us to consider these pieces of Mr. Speaker, this is not leadership; River basin, Malheur River basin, Owyhee legislation. this is petulance. Having failed three River basin, and Powder River basin, Oregon. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of times to pass accelerated tax breaks (5) The bill (H.R. 1963) to amend the Na- my time. for upper brackets and reducing the al- tional Trails System Act to designate the Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I ternative tax on corporations or actu- route taken by American soldier and fron- yield myself such time as I may con- ally doing away with them, the leader- tiersman George Rogers Clark and his men ship is taking a fourth swing at the during the Revolutionary War to capture the sume. British forts at Kaskaskia and Cahokia, Illi- (Ms. SLAUGHTER asked and was other body. What is stunning about nois, and Vincennes, Indiana, for study for given permission to revise and extend this maneuver is the sheer cynicism it potential addition to the National Trails her remarks.) embraces. The leadership is making it System. Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I perfectly clear that it is willing to in- (6) A bill to provide assistance to displaced thank my friend from Texas (Mr. SES- flict further pain on desperate families workers by extending unemployment bene- SIONS) for yielding me the customary 30 in order to have another crack at a di- fits and by providing a credit for health in- minutes. visive, partisan agenda. surance costs, and for other purposes. Moreover, Members of this body are (7) A resolution expressing support for the Mr. Speaker, this rule will allow us to consider a number of suspension being afforded little notice of what democratically elected government of Co- these bills contain. The House of Rep- lombia and its efforts to counter threats bills today, bills that many of us had from United States-designated foreign ter- hoped would be of critical importance resentatives is not a shadow govern- rorist organizations. to our constituents. In fact, last night ment. Our rules mandate that we delib- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- rumors circulated that the leadership erate in the open. What aversion do we have here to regular order? Instead of tleman from Texas (Mr. SESSIONS) is of the body was preparing to do what recognized for 1 hour. we hoped it would have done long ago informed deliberations, my colleagues Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, for the and extend unemployment benefits to are left with scant information. In fact, purpose of debate only, I yield the cus- the thousands of workers who were laid the bill we have been talking about has tomary 30 minutes to the gentlewoman off in the wake of the September 11 at- not yet been seen, and my colleagues and I have no information and no de- from New York (Ms. SLAUGHTER), pend- tacks. ing which I yield myself such time as I For weeks we have begged the leader- bate time on which to base decisions may consume. During consideration of ship of the body time and time again to impacting millions of Americans. Mr. Speaker, this extraordinary rule this resolution, all time yielded is for pass a clean unemployment extension we are considering today is normally the purpose of debate only. bill. Recently released Labor Depart- reserved for those times when Congress Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 354 is ment data for January 2002 shows that a rule providing for the consideration is hard at work, not when we are work- from September 11 through January of 1 of motions to suspend the rules at any ing 2 ⁄2 days a week, and it needs flexi- this year more than 1.3 million workers bility to meet its commitments. But time on the legislative day Wednesday, exhausted their regular unemployment not today. The long stretches of idle- March 6, 2002. This is a fair rule that benefits. As of January, about 7.9 mil- ness in this body can surely be replaced will allow for consideration of several lion Americans, or about 5.6 percent of with meaningful deliberation on impor- pieces of legislation. the workforce, were unemployed. Over Mr. Speaker, last night the Com- tant measures. 12,000 people a day are exhausting their We just got the report of people being mittee on Rules in fact had the debate unemployment insurance. And earlier abused in nursing homes. We should be and the vote about those things which this year the Senate adopted a simple concerned about all the corporations in we are going to choose to consider extension of unemployment benefits by America that are registering them- today and one of those that we talked unanimous consent. selves over in Bermuda to avoid paying about at the time we have now made a The House leadership, rather than America’s taxes. While we name post decision that we are not going to acting expeditiously, refused to pass offices and contemplate shooting present at this time; and it should be the same extension without tying it to mourning doves, the measures that im- noted that though, while the unem- a package of dying stimulus plans. pact prescription drugs and saving So- ployment benefits bill is listed under b 1130 cial Security languish. the rule, it will not be called up for I have a bill that would ban genetic consideration today, meaning that it The plan, no one was surprised to discrimination in health insurance will not be a part of the package that learn, consisted almost entirely of tax that has over 258 bipartisan cosponsors; we are seeking at this time. cuts for corporations and the wealthy. and it would affect every man, woman, Mr. Speaker, since the tragic events And the measure, no one was surprised and child in the United States. But for of September 11, the House has worked to learn, went nowhere in the Senate. over 6 years we have not been able to with speed and deliberation to pass We now have an opportunity to do have that on the floor. I implore, then, much-needed legislation that will pro- today, or we did have, what should if they are going to abuse the power of vide an extension of critical-needed un- have been done weeks ago, pass a clean suspensions, to put it to good use and employment benefits to dislocated unemployment bill. Were we to pass make a real difference in the lives of workers. It is regrettable that though such a measure this morning, the bill American people. this bill has passed several times with could be on the President’s desk imme- Mr. Speaker, we intend to try to de- bipartisan votes that there will be no diately. But, instead, the leadership of feat the previous question on the rule action on this today and also that the body is preparing to push a meas- in order to amend the rule simply to there has been no action by the other ure that would augment a simple ex- allow what should be done, a straight body on this. tension of jobs benefits with controver- 13-week unemployment benefits exten- As the 6-month anniversary of Sep- sial tax provisions that will kill it in sion bill. I urge all my colleagues on tember 11 approaches us, there are peo- the Senate. both sides of this House to support this ple across the country who are still Why can we not simply extend unem- effort because the American public de- struggling to recover from the tragic ployment benefits by an additional 13 mands and deserves it. events of that day, whether it be emo- weeks? Tax credits do little to aid the Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of tional, physically, financially or other- unemployed, many of whom are not my time. wise. It is my hope that the issue will paying taxes in the first place while Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield stay at the forefront of our legislative out of work. A clean bill could go myself such time as I may consume.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR7.004 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 H698 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 We are hearing a lot about this un- imum Tax and give money back to IBM piddly tax credits the Republicans are employment problem, and it is a prob- and money back to Enron and money proposing. lem, and the health care problems, and back to major corporations in the So the Democrats have been saying there are health care problems. This United States. They simply want some this is not going to work, this tax cred- body has addressed this issue numerous kind of action here. it. We have talked about extending times. This issue was prepared to be on In all times of trouble, when we have COBRA, we have talked about the need the floor today, except there was some this kind of unemployment rate, it has to extend Medicaid to cover more peo- disagreement as to whether it would be been the policy of the government of ple at a little higher level of income. on suspension or whether we would the United States to extend unemploy- My own State of New Jersey, a perfect have long enough even to speak about ment. For some reason, we simply can- example, is suffering because they do it. The bottom line is, I do not believe not seem to get that done here. I am not have the money, and so many we should be playing politics with the appalled at that and urge that that be States are not able to provide the Med- health and livelihood of American rectified. icaid benefits they have now and cover workers, whose families’ jobs and their Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the the people they now have and are con- own jobs, their own problems, are right gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. sidering cutting back on Medicaid. on the line. PALLONE). So we have a major difference here. But for those who would call for a Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, with all Democrats believe COBRA extension clean bill, I would quote Speaker due respect to my colleague on the and Medicaid extension will bring more HASTERT, who yesterday said this is other side, he just said that we are people and provide insurance. We do about as clean as you could get it. And playing politics. I would say the prob- not believe the Republican proposal I would add that it is also a straight- lem here is that the Republicans are in with tax credits will work. So forget forward approach to addressing the charge of the floor. They are in charge about this for the time being. We do real needs of laid-off workers as we can of the House. They are in the leader- not have agreement. Let us go with the get. That was what this bill was sup- ship because they are in the majority. thing we do have agreement on, which posed to do. It was clean. It was about They are playing politics because they is unemployment expansion, a clean unemployment and health care tax are not allowing a clean bill on unem- bill. We should bring it up and get it credits. Oh, but then we find out that ployment insurance extension to come over with. they simply do not like the way we up. The Republican side is playing poli- have done it, and that is why the other I cannot believe I am hearing this tics and not giving a fair shake to side is opposed to what we are doing. from my Republican colleagues, some- those people in my district and around Mr. Speaker, we disagree on lots of how suggesting that if we take action the country that need these extra issues, and they are honest disagree- on this bill that they put in order weeks of unemployment compensation. ments that we have in Washington, under this rule that we will have some Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield about taxes, about the size of govern- relief for the unemployed. It is not myself such time as I may consume. ment, about how much we are going to true. We know if this bill goes over to We can keep talking about this. It tax the American people, about who the other body and it includes any- has passed this House four times. This will be paying in and who will be re- thing other than extension of unem- body has dealt with this issue. Now ceiving what. But the bottom line is ployment compensation it will never what we hear is my colleagues on the that this Republican Congress has at- pass and it will die. other side suggesting we have to bow tempted expeditiously and carefully to The other body has already taken up down to what the other body wants to address the needs and the issues of peo- I do not know how many stimulus do, that we must do what the other ple who are having tough times. But we packages, tried all kinds of options, body wants to do. Well, that is not the also believe, as Republicans, that it is with or without different kinds of way it works. This body has its own important for us to put out a plan that health care benefits, with or without leadership, has the two sides of the addresses the needs of the Nation. That Alternative Minimum Tax, and finally aisle. We work on the things that we is why we asked for tax cuts. the leadership said, look, there is noth- work on, just like the items that we We believe that people not only want ing we can pass here other than a clean passed and have sent to the other body. a job but they want the ability to have unemployment compensation exten- Mr. Speaker, we have been open and a secure job. Savings and investment sion, passed, I believe, 100 to nothing. clear about what we are trying to do. and the opportunity for people to have So the lesson is learned. The only We are offering an opportunity to put more take-home pay to protect the thing that will work, the only thing together unemployment benefits, jobs that we have is what the Repub- that will provide relief for Americans health care, and, at the same time, lican plan is, also. It is not just about who are running out of their unemploy- make sure that it would be done in a the health care needs, where we offer ment insurance is if we just pass a way which we believe would work. tax credits. It is not just about unem- clean bill that has nothing else at- Now, what we understand from the ployment. It is about a broad, over- tached to it. other side is, we disagree that it is not arching idea that we believe that this We have done the same thing over going to work that way, so we are government can, must and will react here. The Republican leadership has going to oppose what you are doing. and respond properly to people. And brought up three stimulus packages, Well, Mr. Speaker, we have heard that is what the Republican plan has pretty much the same. I suspect if this this lots of time. We heard this about been since September 11. bill is voted down today they will bring the balanced budget. A balanced budget I am sorry we are not addressing that up another stimulus package tomorrow will never work. We can never have a issue today. We will continue to wait or next week. They are playing politics balanced budget. for the other body as they deliberate because they will not allow a clean bill Secondly, we heard when we went to and deliberate and deliberate on this to pass. It passed the other body 100 to welfare reform, oh, my gosh, welfare issue, but we will keep going with the nothing. It will pass here probably reform will never, ever work. We heard things we know are good for people. unanimously. Let us just do it. this about the capital gains tax cut, Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of Now, let me talk about the tax cred- that it is going to cost our government my time. its for health care that are in this bill. $9 billion. In fact, it did work and Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I My Republican colleagues know that brought in $90 billion to the govern- yield myself such time as I may con- this is a very controversial issue be- ment and created an economic stim- sume to respond to my friend. cause the Democrats do not believe it ulus that our country has lived off for I appreciate that people who are un- will work. When we talk about tax several years now. employed, who have families to feed, credits for health care, most of the peo- Republican ideas are simply bad to who have mortgages to pay, who have ple who are uninsured, very few are the other side every time, and that is no prospects immediately of a job are going to be able to go out in the indi- where they play politics, and I am not terribly interested whether or not vidual market and buy insurance, sorry that it is that way. But what we we do away with an Alternative Min- which is $4,000 or $5,000 a year, with the are doing is proposing something that

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.021 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H699 will allow families who today have to refrain from improper references to employed do want jobs. I am sure that use pre-tax dollars to pay for their Senators. all unemployed workers thought that, health care, and we are trying to make Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Speaker, this is what during their working years when they it easier to where they can then deduct has been said. ‘‘My recommendation is paid their taxes, they believed that this amount. that they send just a clean bill.’’ That should a catastrophe hit and they lose Tax credits do work. They work for is the gentleman’s leader over in the their jobs that this government would the families that use them over and Senate. I shall not name his name. help them out. That has been in the over and over. Tens of thousands of Af- This is what this is all about. The best tradition, to tide them over until rican Americans, tens of thousands of other side wants a package, and then a new job can be found; and when that Hispanics, and, oh, yes, tens of thou- they change it. They want a package job is found, I hope it will be as good as sands of Caucasians will get this same that essentially says to the unem- the job they lost. tax credit. It works for people. It works ployed of this country that their unem- Mr. Speaker, I urge a ‘‘no’’ vote on for people who have health care today ployment is not enough for Congress to the previous question. If the previous by helping them pay for what they act. question is defeated, I will offer an want and they need. Mr. Speaker, my suggestion to the amendment to the rule that will allow I am proud of what we are doing. I gentleman from Illinois (Mr. HASTERT) the House to vote on a straight 13-week am sorry that my colleagues on the and Members on the Republican side, extension of the unemployment bene- other side simply disagree and so they including many of the leaders who said fits. are not willing to venture in to helping they wanted a clean bill, is to think Mr. Speaker, it has been nearly 6 again. These millions of people are not anybody because they do not like what months since the tragic events of Sep- getting unemployment on their watch. we have done. That is the politics, Mr. tember 11. In addition to the horren- They are disregarding them. They have Speaker, and it is a real shame that it dous loss of life that occurred as a re- another agenda. Take up unemploy- is happening again today on the floor sult of that day, the economic destruc- ment compensation today, pass it, send of the House of Representatives right tion has been enormous. Our economy, it to the President. I am sure he will before our very eyes. which was already in an economic sign it, and then we will go on to other Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of downturn before the event, has wors- issues. my time. ened considerably. Millions of Amer- Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE ican jobs have been lost since then. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from The unemployment benefits for many Chair will reiterate that Members must Michigan (Mr. LEVIN). of these jobless workers have already avoid improper references to Senators, (Mr. LEVIN asked and was given per- expired. Many, many more will lose whether specifically by name or other- mission to revise and extend his re- benefits in the coming weeks. We must marks.) wise. Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield act immediately. The other body has Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Speaker, the gen- already passed a clean extension of tleman from Texas has made it clear myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, we do have a broader these critically-needed benefits. Every what this is all about. He says we are agenda. It is about jobs in this country. day that we fail to act means economic waiting for the other body. The other It is about the ability that we have to hardships for thousands of Americans body has twice unanimously passed an make sure through stimulus or and their families. Let us stop wasting unemployment compensation exten- through tax cuts or through those time and vote to extend the unemploy- sion bill. Twice. What is my colleague things that will allow people to have ment benefits. I urge a ‘‘no’’ vote on waiting for? He says we should not bow more money in their own pocket. That the previous question. down to the Senate. To whom? TRENT is also what this is about. PREVIOUS QUESTION FOR H. RES. 354—MOTIONS LOTT? Every other Republican in the Yes, it is bigger than unemployment. TO SUSPEND THE RULES Senate who voted for this extension? It also includes health care. It includes In the resolution after ‘‘(6)’’ strike ‘‘the b 1145 the things that are the essence of what bill (H.R. 1963)’’ and all that follows through will maintain the vitality of this coun- ‘‘health insurance costs, and for other pur- Bowing down, this is a fight with Re- poses’’ and insert in lieu thereof the fol- publicans in the Senate. It is not only try. Mr. Speaker, I learned a long time lowing: a fight with us. The gentleman is all ago when I came to Congress, some 6 ‘‘Senate amendments to the bill (H.R. 3090) alone. to provide tax incentives for economic recov- years ago, that virtually every single Secondly, the gentleman says this ery.’’ bill, every single debate that takes issue is not just about unemployment. place on this floor is about more gov- Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I That is the problem. The gentleman is ernment, more spending, more taxes, yield back the balance of my time. ignoring the needs of the unemployed or about the reverse. Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield because the gentleman has another I am falling off on the side of the peo- myself such time as I may consume. agenda. I want the gentleman to go and ple who want jobs in this country, who Mr. Speaker, we have heard it here talk to the 356,000 people who ex- want to make sure we have a sound today. Republicans have this hidden hausted their benefits in January and economy and make sure that what this agenda. The other side of the aisle is tell them this is not just about unem- government does, it does, and is done right. Our hidden agenda is jobs and ployment. It is the largest number of efficiently. I am proud of what we are growing the economy, getting people people exhausting their regular bene- doing and what we have passed. back in their jobs, having an extension fits without receiving additional aid in Mr. Speaker, I would remind this en- of unemployment benefits, having a single month, in any single month on tire body that if we can lay aside our health care tax credits. And yet we record. So I suggest that the gen- differences, lay aside the things that have heard now what the other side of tleman from Texas (Mr. SESSIONS) go we think will not work and get to work the aisle says about that. That is that to the 50 States of this Union and tell on the things that we are going to pro- they do not like the way that we have them that this is not just about unem- pose that will work, that means real done it, and because they do not like ployment. Shame. money to real people in the time of the way we have done this, they oppose The other side of the aisle insists on their need, that in fact we will achieve it. adding to this unemployment bill con- the things that we are after. Govern- Mr. Speaker, we are going to con- troversial issues, and the gentleman ment should not pick the winners and tinue this Republican conference, and knows they are. The health provision is losers. We should help the people that Congress is going to continue passing the same one that has created the con- need help. things that are great for people, good troversy in the Senate. This is what Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I for workers, continues economic oppor- Mr. LOTT said on February 7. yield myself such time as I may con- tunities. We are going to keep talking ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER PRO TEMPORE sume. about how America’s greatest days lie The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Mr. Speaker, it is to try to help the in our future. Opportunities for people FOSSELLA). Members are reminded to people that need help. I know the un- who are going to school and want jobs,

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:32 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.023 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H700 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 people who today may not have a job. Peterson (PA) Schaffer Terry Roybal-Allard Traficant Wexler Petri Schrock Thomas Sanchez Waters Woolsey We are going to rebound this economy. Pickering Sensenbrenner Thornberry Solis Watson (CA) It is going to head back. Pitts Sessions Thune I believe that the President, working Platts Shadegg Tiahrt b 1222 with this Congress, will have a lot of Pombo Shaw Tiberi Portman Shays Toomey Messrs. LARSON of Connecticut, success. That is what this is about. Pryce (OH) Sherwood Upton DINGELL, BARRETT of WISCONSIN, That is our hidden agenda. Our hidden Putnam Shimkus Vitter ALLEN, FORD, HINOJOSA and agenda is simple. It is about jobs. It is Quinn Shuster Walden Radanovich Simmons Walsh ISRAEL changed their vote from ‘‘yea’’ about economic growth and the oppor- Ramstad Simpson Wamp to ‘‘nay.’’ tunity for people to get a job, keep a Regula Skeen Watkins (OK) Mr. REGULA changed his vote from job and know that they can have more Rehberg Smith (MI) Watts (OK) ‘‘nay’’ to ‘‘yea.’’ take-home pay. Reynolds Smith (NJ) Weldon (FL) Riley Smith (TX) Weldon (PA) So the previous question was ordered. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance Rogers (KY) Souder Weller The result of the vote was announced Rogers (MI) Stearns Whitfield of my time, and I move the previous as above recorded. question on the resolution. Rohrabacher Stump Wicker Ros-Lehtinen Sullivan Wilson (NM) Stated against: The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Roukema Sununu Wilson (SC) Mr. FILNER. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. 49, question is on ordering the previous Royce Sweeney Wolf I was conducting official business in my San question. Ryan (WI) Tancredo Young (AK) Ryun (KS) Tauzin Young (FL) Diego, California, district. Had I been present, The question was taken; and the Saxton Taylor (NC) I would have voted ‘‘nay.’’ Speaker pro tempore announced that NAYS—191 Ms. SOLIS. Mr. Speaker, during rollcall vote the ayes appeared to have it. No. 49 on ordering the previous question I Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I ob- Ackerman Gutierrez Moran (VA) Allen Hall (OH) Murtha was unavoidably detained. Had I been ject to the vote on the ground that a Andrews Harman Nadler present, I would have voted ‘‘nay.’’ quorum is not present and make the Baca Hastings (FL) Neal Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, earlier point of order that a quorum is not Baird Hill Oberstar today, I was unable to cast my vote on two present. Baldacci Hilliard Obey Baldwin Hinchey Olver rollcall votes. Had I been present, I would The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi- Barcia Hinojosa Ortiz have voted as follows: Rollcall 48, Approval of dently a quorum is not present. Barrett Hoeffel Owens the Journal: ‘‘aye’’; rollcall 49, Previous Ques- The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- Becerra Holden Pallone Berkley Holt Pascrell tion: ‘‘nay.’’ sent Members. Berman Honda Pastor The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Pursuant to clause 9 of rule XX, the Berry Hooley Payne FOSSELLA). The question is on the reso- Chair will reduce to 5 minutes the min- Bishop Hoyer Pelosi lution. Blumenauer Inslee Peterson (MN) imum time for any electronic voting on Bonior Israel Phelps The resolution was agreed to. adoption of the resolution. Borski Jackson (IL) Pomeroy A motion to reconsider was laid on The vote was taken by electronic de- Boswell Jackson-Lee Price (NC) the table. vice, and there were—yeas 218, nays Boucher (TX) Rahall Boyd Jefferson Rangel f 191, not voting 25, as follows: Brady (PA) John Reyes [Roll No. 49] Brown (FL) Johnson, E. B. Rivers Brown (OH) Jones (OH) Rodriguez ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER YEAS—218 Capps Kanjorski Roemer PRO TEMPORE Aderholt Duncan Issa Capuano Kaptur Ross Akin Dunn Istook Cardin Kennedy (RI) Rothman The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- Armey Ehlers Jenkins Carson (IN) Kildee Rush ant to clause 8, rule XX, the Chair will Bachus Ehrlich Johnson (CT) Carson (OK) Kind (WI) Sabo postpone further proceedings today on Clay Kleczka Sanders Baker Emerson Johnson (IL) each motion to suspend the rules on Ballenger English Johnson, Sam Clayton Kucinich Sandlin Barr Everett Jones (NC) Clement LaFalce Sawyer which a recorded vote or the yeas and Bartlett Ferguson Keller Clyburn Lampson Schakowsky nays are ordered, or on which the vote Barton Flake Kelly Conyers Langevin Schiff is objected to under clause 6, rule XX. Bass Fletcher Kennedy (MN) Costello Larsen (WA) Scott Bereuter Foley Kerns Coyne Larson (CT) Serrano Any record votes on postponed ques- Biggert Forbes King (NY) Cramer Levin Sherman tions will be taken after disposition of Bilirakis Fossella Kingston Crowley Lewis (GA) Shows House Concurrent Resolution 275 relat- Cummings Lipinski Skelton Blunt Frelinghuysen Kirk ing to mourning doves. Boehlert Gallegly Knollenberg Davis (CA) Lowey Slaughter Boehner Ganske Kolbe Davis (FL) Lucas (KY) Smith (WA) Bonilla Gekas LaHood Davis (IL) Luther Snyder f Bono Gibbons Latham DeFazio Lynch Spratt Boozman Gilchrest LaTourette DeGette Maloney (CT) Stark CONGRATULATING THE UNITED Brady (TX) Gillmor Leach Delahunt Maloney (NY) Stenholm STATES MILITARY ACADEMY AT Brown (SC) Gilman Lewis (CA) DeLauro Markey Strickland Bryant Goode Lewis (KY) Deutsch Mascara Stupak WEST POINT ON ITS BICENTEN- Burr Goodlatte Linder Dicks Matheson Tanner NIAL ANNIVERSARY Burton Goss LoBiondo Dingell Matsui Tauscher Callahan Graham Lucas (OK) Doggett McCarthy (MO) Taylor (MS) Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I move to Camp Granger Manzullo Doyle McCarthy (NY) Thompson (CA) suspend the rules and pass the Senate Cannon Graves McCrery Edwards McCollum Thompson (MS) joint resolution (S.J. Res. 32) congratu- Engel McDermott Thurman Cantor Green (WI) McHugh lating the United States Military Capito Greenwood McInnis Eshoo McGovern Tierney Castle Grucci McKeon Etheridge McIntyre Towns Academy at West Point on its bicen- Chabot Gutknecht Mica Evans McKinney Turner tennial anniversary, and commending Chambliss Hall (TX) Miller, Dan Farr McNulty Udall (CO) its outstanding contributions to the Coble Hansen Miller, Gary Fattah Meehan Udall (NM) Collins Hart Miller, Jeff Ford Meek (FL) Velazquez Nation. Combest Hastings (WA) Moran (KS) Frank Meeks (NY) Visclosky The Clerk read as follows: Frost Menendez Watt (NC) Cooksey Hayes Morella S.J. RES. 32 Cox Hayworth Myrick Gephardt Miller, George Waxman Crane Hefley Nethercutt Gonzalez Mink Weiner Whereas establishing a military academy Crenshaw Herger Ney Gordon Mollohan Wu to teach the technical arts of war was a de- Culberson Hilleary Northup Green (TX) Moore Wynn sire of many of our founding fathers, particu- Cunningham Hobson Norwood NOT VOTING—25 larly George Washington; Davis, Jo Ann Hoekstra Nussle Whereas Congress passed legislation on Davis, Tom Horn Osborne Abercrombie Cubin Lantos March 16, 1802, to establish such a military Deal Hostettler Ose Bentsen Dooley Lee DeLay Houghton Otter Blagojevich Doolittle Lofgren academy to be located at West Point, New DeMint Hulshof Oxley Buyer Filner Millender- York, a site that Washington called the key Diaz-Balart Hunter Paul Calvert Hyde McDonald to the continent because of its strategic im- Dreier Isakson Pence Condit Kilpatrick Napolitano portance during the Revolution;

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:45 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.025 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H701 Whereas President Thomas Jefferson TAUSCHER) each will control 20 min- need for that job to be done than they signed the legislation establishing the utes. are on the personal financial rewards United States Military Academy at West The Chair recognizes the gentleman and recognitions that any employment Point, an institution dedicated to promoting from New York (Mr. MCHUGH). slot may offer. They do not shy away scientific education to benefit the Nation and to attracting a diverse array of young GENERAL LEAVE from the difficulties and the sacrifices citizens to the Nation’s military leadership; Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I ask we are required to work with within Whereas Sylvanus Thayer, who served as unanimous consent that all Members government, but rather they embrace Superintendent of the Academy from 1817 to may have 5 legislative days within the challenges and seek the reward of 1833, established the foundation of the Acad- which to revise and extend their re- knowing they have made a difference emy’s strong academic program, strict ad- marks on S.J. Res. 32. in that important mission. herence to discipline, and emphasis on moral The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Mr. Speaker, our Nation has bene- and ethical conduct; objection to the request of the gen- fited in many ways from these remark- Whereas, under Douglas MacArthur’s lead- tleman from New York? able citizens. While we treasure the ership as Superintendent from 1919 to 1922, graduates, we must also honor the in- the Academy was modernized to prepare its There was no objection. graduates for the challenges of the 20th cen- Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I yield stitution that gave these wonderful tury; myself such time as I may consume. Americans the opportunity to learn Whereas the Academy, the first school in Mr. Speaker, S.J. Res. 32 celebrates and grow. America to teach engineering, produced the bicentennial anniversary of one of Mr. Speaker, I would particularly graduates who were responsible for the con- our Nation’s most valued institutions, like to extend a word of thanks to the struction of the Nation’s first railroad lines the United States Military Academy at gentleman from Illinois (Mr. SHIMKUS) and many of its early harbor improvements, West Point. for his leadership and for his hard work bridges, roads, and canals; I should say, Mr. Speaker, this is a in helping to bring this resolution to Whereas Academy graduates introduced particularly proud moment for me per- the floor. We are all deeply in his debt. engineering education to numerous colleges So, Mr. Speaker, S.J. Res. 32 cor- and universities, and carried out such monu- sonally. As an 8-year member of the mental engineering projects as the construc- Board of Visitors at that illustrious in- rectly congratulates the United States tion of the Panama Canal project; stitution and as a 10-year member of Military Academy on its 200th anniver- Whereas Academy graduates have also dis- the Committee on Armed Services, I sary as a leadership institution that tinguished themselves in the leadership of have come to know firsthand the amaz- upholds and promotes the highest vir- such innovative scientific research and de- ing contributions and the invaluable tues of American society. I would like velopment projects as the development of role that West Point has played, both to also add my personal thanks to the atomic bombs in the Manhattan Project dur- men and women, past and present, who ing World War II; in our Nation’s history and in our Na- tion’s present. have made it a bastion of learning in Whereas Academy graduates have served which students may witness and as- with character and distinction in all of The Military Academy has performed America’s wars and military actions since its primary objective of educating mili- similate the individual qualities that the War of 1812; tary officers with unparalleled excel- we have come to hold dear and view as Whereas 74 Academy graduates have lence throughout its history. To under- authentically American; and specifi- earned the Nation’s highest military honor, stand the value of West Point, one only cally I speak of the professors, the fac- the Medal of Honor; has to look back on the long line of ulty, the staff, and, of course, the ad- Whereas 2 Academy graduates, Ulysses S. great men that have led our forces in ministrative staff, who have really led Grant and Dwight D. Eisenhower, served this institution and have helped form both as distinguished general officers and as war who were the products of this tre- mendous institution. Perhaps the most it and in the process helped to form so the President of the United States, and many great young American men and many other graduates have served in all lev- important achievement of West Point women to fill an invaluable role, both els of government; is the ‘‘long gray line,’’ the many grad- in our military and our society in gen- Whereas dozens of Academy graduates uates beneath the great names of his- eral. have been astronauts, including the Acad- tory who have formed the foundation Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of emy graduate who is the first American to of the officer corps that is the bulwark walk in space and 2 Academy graduates who my time. walked on the moon; of the United States Army in peace- Mrs. TAUSCHER. Mr. Speaker, I Whereas hundreds of Academy graduates time, as well as war. yield myself such time as I may con- have utilized their talents in the private sec- Throughout its history, the Military sume. tor, to provide managerial and technical ex- Academy has molded the best and the Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of Sen- pertise that is responsible, in part, for nur- brightest of our youth into leaders ate Joint Resolution 32, which recog- turing and sustaining a system of enterprise with skills, character and commitment nizes the bicentennial of the United that is admired around the world; to not just defend America, but to Whereas the Academy has provided an op- States Military Academy, commonly make it a better place throughout referred to as West Point. portunity for men and women of all races, their lives. In my experience, the con- religions, and cultures to receive a college The United States Military Academy education and to begin a life of service to the tributions and achievements of the has been nurturing and developing a Army and the Nation; and graduates of the Military Academy ex- spirit of duty, honor, country in our Whereas the motto of the Academy, ‘‘Duty, tend well beyond their lives as military Nation’s Army cadets for 200 years Honor, Country’’, exemplifies the spirit of officers. Academy graduates have his- since its founding in 1802 by President this Republic: Now, therefore, be it torically made and continue to make Thomas Jefferson. As a member of Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep- contributions to local government, West Point’s Board of Visitors, it is an resentatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That Congress congratu- business, and academia across the Na- American tradition of excellence I am lates the United States Military Academy on tion. honored to be proud of. During the its bicentennial anniversary, recognizes it as Through their leadership talents and Revolutionary War, General George an outstanding leadership development insti- commitment to service, they have been Washington considered West Point to tution that upholds and promotes the high- successful in making their bedrock val- be the most important strategic posi- est virtues of American society, and com- ues, duty, honor, country, part of every tion in America. mends all those who have led and taught at community they touch. Nestled on nearly 16,000 acres in West the Academy for inculcating its 58,000 grad- The effectiveness of their influence is Point, New York, along the Hudson uates with moral, ethical, and intellectual values and skills that are the foundations for most evident in Washington, D.C., here River, the United States Military the dedicated service so honorably given by at the seat of government. I would ven- Academy is dedicated to attracting di- those graduates to the Army, the Nation, ture to say there is not a single govern- verse young men and women to our Na- and friends of freedom and liberty around ment agency here in Washington that tion’s military leadership. For 2 cen- the world for 200 years. does not directly benefit from the pres- turies, West Point has been both home The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- ence of a West Point graduate. and training academy to thousands of ant to the rule, the gentleman from It has been my experience that West cadets who have committed themselves New York (Mr. MCHUGH) and the gen- Point graduates are more often focused to serve our Nation and the virtues of tlewoman from California (Mrs. on the challenges of a job and society’s duty, honor, and country.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR7.006 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 H702 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 b 1230 democracy and independence of our women are doing right now, for all that Among the graduates of this distin- Founding Fathers, but those ideas we hold dear. That is why, Mr. Speak- guished institution are: Presidents would never have come into a reality er, when I get up in the morning, the Ulysses S. Grant and Dwight D. Eisen- without a commitment of men to fight first two things I do are to thank God hower, ‘‘Stonewall’’ Jackson, Robert for those ideals. for my life and veterans for my way of E. Lee, John J. Pershing, Douglas Throughout our country’s history, we life. MacArthur, George S. Patton, Omar have been led through tumultuous So on this special day I salute and Bradley, Edwin E. ‘‘Buzz’’ Baldwin, times by the men and women of the pay tribute to all of the graduates of Brent Scowcroft, and H. Norman military who are motivated by a deep the Military Academy at West Point Schwarzkopf. patriotism and a willingness to put through the years, including my own Other honorable graduates include: their lives on the line to defend our Na- Albany County Executive, Mike Dennis Hart Mahan, a distinguished ed- tion and keep us safe. It is no secret Breslin, who went on to serve as a com- ucator and writer who taught the that many of the great leaders of these pany commander in the Vietnam War, science of war; Henry O. Flipper, the brave men and women have been all the way to Colleen O’Malley, who first African American graduate in trained on the hallowed grounds of will graduate this year. West Point is a 1877; Henry H. ‘‘Hap’’ Arnold, a pioneer West Point. great national treasure. May it endure of Army aviation; astronauts Frank As mentioned before, George Patton, for many generations to come. Borman, who commanded the first Dwight D. Eisenhower, Ulysses Grant, Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I yield circumlunar flight; Edward White II, and Douglas MacArthur are just a few such time as he may consume to the the first American to walk in space and of the names on a long list of the lead- gentleman from Illinois (Mr. SHIMKUS), who tragically perished in the Apollo ing American soldiers who obtained the the gentleman I mentioned earlier, a spacecraft fire; and Michael Collins, tools to become great American lead- graduate of West Point and someone who participated in the first manned ers as cadets on the banks of the Hud- who, to this day, returns on a regular lunar landing; Roscoe Robinson, Jr., son River at West Point. Our Nation basis and instructs in the classrooms the first African American four-star owes a continuing debt of gratitude to and helps to mold those leaders that all Army general; Andrea Lee Hollen, the strong men and women who are at The of us have been speaking about and are first woman to graduate from the Point and who have graduated from in such deep admiration of. Also, of Academy and a Rhodes Scholar; and The Point and are leading our armies course as I mentioned, the gentleman Kristin Baker, the first woman brigade even now. I am proud that this illus- is the primary driving force behind commander of the U.S. Corps of Cadets. trious institution is in my district. having this resolution before us today. These and many other well-known The history of The Point, dating (Mr. SHIMKUS asked and was given and not so well-known graduates of from the very first days of the revolu- permission to revise and extend his re- West Point have made an impact on tionary war to the present, is one of marks.) our Nation’s history. heroism and leadership. I wish a happy Mr. SHIMKUS. Mr. Speaker, many of The United States Military Acad- anniversary to the U.S. Military Acad- our Founding Fathers, particularly emy’s mission is ‘‘to educate, train, emy and congratulate all of those who George Washington, wanted to estab- and inspire the Corps of Cadets so that have had an association there on 200 lish a military academy to teach the each graduate is a commissioned leader years of dignified service to this Na- technical arts of war. On March 16, of character committed to the values tion. 1802, Congress passed legislation to es- of Duty, Honor, Country; professional I congratulate the men and women tablish such a military academy to be growth throughout a career as an offi- who teach at The Point and those who located at West Point, New York. cer of the United States Army; and a have taught there. Thank you for Thomas Jefferson signed this bill into lifetime of selfless service to the Na- training generations of young people to law. tion.’’ For 200 years, the Academy has understand just what the motto ‘‘Duty, The Academy daily fulfills its mis- faithfully and dutifully carried out the Honor, Country’’ stands for. sion: ‘‘To educate, train and inspire the ‘‘West Point Experience’’ by chal- Congratulations to all of our West Corps of Cadets so that each graduate lenging intellect, requiring rigorous Point grads, past and present and fu- is a commissioned leader of character, physical stamina, and developing the ture. Our Nation is grateful to you for committed to the values of Duty, military and moral and ethical char- your selfless service. Honor, Country; professional growth acter of cadets. Mrs. TAUSCHER. Mr. Speaker, I throughout a career as an officer in the I urge my colleagues to join me in yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from United States Army; and a lifetime of congratulating the United States Mili- New York (Mr. MCNULTY). selfless service to the Nation.’’ tary Academy on its bicentennial and Mr. MCNULTY. Mr. Speaker, I thank The Academy was the first school in support S.J. Resolution 32. the gentlewoman for yielding me this America to teach engineering, produce Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of time. graduates who were responsible for the my time. I am delighted to join with my col- construction of the Nation’s first rail- Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, let me leagues in congratulating the Military road lines and many of its early harbor first commend my fellow Board of Visi- Academy of West Point on the occasion improvements, bridges, roads, and ca- tors member, the gentlewoman from of its bicentennial celebration. The nals. California (Mrs. TAUSCHER), for both reason I like West Point so much is be- Graduates of the Academy have her work on this resolution and for her cause West Point produces veterans. If served with character and distinction very eloquent statement in support. I we remember to keep our priorities in all of America’s wars and military think she very effectively outlined the straight, we will remember that, had it actions since the War of 1812. specific contributions of this great in- not been for the men and women who For 200 years, the military academy stitution. wear the uniform of the United States has educated and trained some of the Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the military through the years, we would best and brightest in the Nation. gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. not have the privilege of going around The ‘‘West Point Experience’’ in- KELLY); not just from New York but a bragging, as I often do, about how we cludes a challenging academic program very special part of New York who, be- live in the freest and most open democ- in the arts and sciences, military train- yond being also a member of the Board racy on the face of the earth. ing, physical education, and moral and of Visitors, has the honor of rep- Freedom is not free. We have paid a ethical development. resenting in her congressional district tremendous price for it, and I try not From the day of its founding, West this fine institution. to let a day go by without remem- Point has remained committed to the Mrs. KELLY. Mr. Speaker, I, too, bering with deep gratitude all of those task of producing commissioned lead- have been a member of the Board of who, like my brother, Bill, made the ers of character for America’s Army. Visitors of West Point for 8 years. supreme sacrifice and all of those who The Academy continues to provide Mr. Speaker, the freedom of this Na- served and were willing to put their men and women of all races and cul- tion was bought through the ideas of lives on the line as servicemen and tures to receive a college education

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:32 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.032 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H703 and begin a life of service to the Army called for covering fire, left his covered academy support for local cultural in- and to the Nation, and this resolution position and ran through concentrated stitutions, schools, and athletic pro- highlights some of the leaders that we fire to a wounded soldier and pulled grams that make it such a fine neigh- know about from our history books. him to safety. Lieutenant Hayes then bor. But I want to give my colleagues a began directing his platoon’s fire ‘‘Duty, honor, country,’’ the school’s snapshot of just one class, and that is against the well-entrenched enemy. motto, is the foundation of West Point my class, the graduating class of 1980 Lieutenant Hayes died during this education. West Point graduates have that entered in 1976, the first class at fight when a Viet Cong sniper opened served our country with distinction. West Point with women. We admitted fire and mortally wounded Hayes. They have led our troops into battle in 1,366 men, 119 women, for a total of Hayes’ actions that day saved the lives every war, military conflict, and police 1,485 cadets. Of that, upon graduation of two of his soldiers. Thomas Hayes action, from the war in 1812 through in 1980, 855 male graduates, 62 female was only 25 years old when he was the current conflict in Afghanistan. graduates, a total of 917. Of that class, killed in action in 1968. Seventy-four have won a Congressional four were Olsmstead Scholars, one was More than 1,250 Academy graduates Medal of Honor. Countless others have a Rhodes Scholar, and one went on to have been killed in action or died from received numerous decorations for be an astronaut. battle wounds. At least another 500 bravery and valor on the battlefield. In September of 2001, of that grad- were the victims of nonbattle deaths in More than waging war, West Point uating class of 1980, after our 20 years military actions of our country. This is graduates have also negotiated peace of service had expired, we still have 188 why we hold so dear our alma mater treaties and served in our Diplomatic males serving in the active Army of which says, in the last verse, ‘‘And Corps. School of Engineering West our country and 12 females serving in when our work is done, our course on Point graduates built the infrastruc- the active Army of our country; and we earth is run, may it be said, ’well done, ture of our Nation. They constructed are very, very proud of all of those be thou at peace.’ E’er may that line of the first harbors, bridges, canals, graduates. That is a snapshot of just a gray increase from day to day. Live, roads, and railroads. They made mani- class from West Point. serve, and die, we pray, West Point for fest destiny a reality as America ex- But I also want to expound on those thee.’’ panded westward. characters and attributes of those who We have a national treasure in the West Point graduates have led our are not always remembered and those upper highlands of the Hudson High- country as Presidents, Governors, Sen- who are not named. Dennis Michie in- lands in New York. It is fitting that we ators, Members of the House of Rep- troduced football to the military Acad- recognize its bicentennial and its com- resentatives. My colleague, the gen- emy and trained the first Army foot- mitment to our country: ‘‘Duty, Honor, tleman from Illinois and the sponsor of ball team. When war broke out with Country.’’ this resolution, is a fine example. Spain in 1898, Lieutenant Michie Mrs. TAUSCHER. Mr. Speaker, I West Point graduates have walked on proved he was every bit of a soldier as yield 4 minutes to the distinguished the Moon, headed up major corpora- he was an athlete. Acting as a runner gentleman from New York (Mr. HIN- tions, written best-sellers, competed in with messages for the far right of the CHEY), another member of the Board of the Olympics, and excelled in every U.S. line during the battle of San Juan Visitors. walk of life. Every year it produces Hill, he traversed the entire length of Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank more winners of Rhodes, Truman, Ful- the front during the morning of July 1. the gentlewoman from California for Somewhere along the way back from yielding me this time. bright, and Marshall International the forward battalion, Dennis Michie Mr. Speaker, I am very proud to join scholarships than nearly every other was killed. He was only 28 years old. with my colleagues in sponsoring this school in the country. Thomas Truxtun excelled in both House Resolution to recognize the I am proud to serve this institution soccer and lacrosse. When he was not United States Military Academy on its as one of the newest members of the on the playing fields, Truxtun was bicentennial. This venerable institu- Board of Visitors. As West Point cele- leading the Corps of Cadets. During tion was chartered by Congress 200 brates its bicentennial, I look forward World War II, near Tabio on June 6, years ago on March 16, shortly after to helping lead it into the future. 1945, Lieutenant Colonel Truxtun went the birth of the Nation. Again, I wish to thank the gentleman forward with the infantry unit his bat- Known most commonly by the name from Illinois for sponsoring this legis- talion was supporting, he commanded a of the town where it is located, West lation and the leadership for placing it field artillery battalion, to ensure the Point, New York, the United States on the calendar today. This is a fitting fire his men provided was doing what Military Academy was born out of the tribute for an institution that has the infantry needed. Far forward in an experience of our Founding Fathers served our Nation long and well. I exposed position, he was shot and during the Revolutionary War. Many of know that everyone in this House will killed by a Japanese sniper. He was the key battles in the fight for inde- support this resolution. only 31 years old. pendence were fought along the banks Mrs. TAUSCHER. Mr. Speaker, I urge Thomas Shea was born in Virginia. of the Hudson River. At the time, the my colleagues to vote for this resolu- After serving as an Infantryman, he Hudson was the main artery of trans- tion, and I yield back the balance of got an appointment to the Academy. portation and commerce as well as se- my time. He then excelled in track. He then curity in the Nation. Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I yield made a life-changing decision upon his George Washington chose a site at myself such time as I may consume. graduation. He had the opportunity to the bend in the river on the bluffs over- Mr. Speaker, I have a final word of train as a track runner for the upcom- looking the west bank about 50 miles praise for all those Members who are ing Olympics or continue his military north of New York City to establish an here today, and to the gentleman from training and go to Korea. He went to academy to train the military leaders Illinois for his special effort in urging Korea. of our country. Today, the view from our fellow Members to join us in com- On July 6, 1952 Lieutenant Shea’s West Point is one of the most breath- memorating this very worthy resolu- company was stationed on Pork Chop taking sites in America. Two hundred tion on this 200th anniversary. Hill and was attacked by a numerically years ago, it was one of the most mili- Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance superior Communist force. Shea per- tarily strategic locations in America. of my time. sonally led a counterattack against the I grew up near West Point, near its The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. enemy and held the enemy back. On halls. It is an important part of the SHIMKUS). The question is on the mo- July 8, the Communists came again Hudson valley, and the contributions tion offered by the gentleman from and, despite additional wounds, Shea that it makes are mighty to all of our New York (Mr. MCHUGH) that the led the counterattack. He died in hand- communities. House suspend the rules and pass the to-hand combat with the enemy. Rich- Senate joint resolution, S.J. Res. 32. ard Shea was only 26 years old. b 1245 The question was taken. Thomas Hayes was an athlete and a It is more than just West Point foot- The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the leader at West Point. Lieutenant Hayes ball games in the fall. It is also the opinion of the Chair, two-thirds of

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 23:10 Mar 06, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.033 pfrm02 PsN: H06PT1 H704 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 those present have voted in the affirm- limitations, a tribe may feel obligated Well, Mr. Speaker, it is unfortunate ative. to file a lawsuit to protect its inter- but true that even after that legisla- Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, on that I ests. S. 1857 will help prevent a flood of tion was signed into law and sent to demand the yeas and nays. litigation and the costs it will incur. the Department of the Interior for im- The yeas and nays were ordered. I commend my friend, the gentleman plementation, as of today the four The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- from Michigan (Mr. KILDEE), for intro- basic problems I just outlined still ant to clause 8 of rule XX and the ducing a House companion bill, H.R. exist. Indeed, there are no written uni- Chair’s prior announcement, further 3815, of which I am an original cospon- form policies. Personnel charged with proceedings on this motion will be sor. As we have learned from the ongo- such an important job are not given postponed. ing class action lawsuits that began as sufficient training. The promise of a Cobell v. Babbitt in 1996, we will all be greater computer system has become a f best served if there are as many of multi-million dollar disaster, and the ENCOURAGING THE NEGOTIATED these trust fund accounting claims as Department cannot provide account SETTLEMENT OF TRIBAL CLAIMS possible settled through negotiation holders with a full and complete ac- without litigation. Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, I move to counting of their funds. S. 1857 will give the Federal Govern- This last point brings me to the suspend the rules and pass the Senate ment until December 31, 2005, to create issues raised by the pending legisla- bill (S. 1857) to encourage the nego- a process for settling these claims. I tion, S. 1857. Congress appropriated $20 tiated settlement of tribal claims. applaud the administration for its fore- million, which was contracted to Ar- The Clerk read as follows: sight in assisting with these efforts. thur Andersen to provide each Indian S. 1857 Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of tribe with an accounting of their feder- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- my time. ally held trust fund accounts. It was resentatives of the United States of America in Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, I yield clear when these reports were sent to Congress assembled, myself such time as I may consume. Indian tribes in 1996 that they were not SECTION 1. SETTLEMENT OF TRIBAL CLAIMS. Mr. Speaker, the mismanagement of a full and accurate reconciling of the (a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any the Indian trust funds is truly one of tribal accounts. other provision of law, for purposes of deter- the worse embarrassments of this Na- Now, 6 years later, Indian tribes fear mining the date on which an Indian tribe re- tion. Sadly, we have become the United that a statute of limitations could run ceived a reconciliation report for purposes of States of broken promises to many of applying a statute of limitations, any such out on them and they could be pre- report provided to or received by an Indian our first Americans. cluded from challenging the accuracy tribe in response to section 304 of the Amer- Today, as we consider S. 1857, there is of those Arthur Andersen reports. ican Indian Trust Fund Management Reform a multi-billion dollar lawsuit pending While I think it is unlikely any court Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 4044) shall be deemed to where the court has already ruled that would find in favor of the government have been received by the Indian tribe on De- the Interior Department is in breach of in any such case, we need to allay the cember 31, 1999. its trust responsibility to Indian ac- concerns and put off this deadline. S. (b) STATEMENT OF PURPOSE.—Subsection count holders. Two cabinet Secretaries 1857 would extend the statute of limita- (a) is solely intended to provide recipients of have already been held in contempt of tions for another 3 years in order to reconciliation reports with the opportunity court, and a third may also be found in to postpone the filing of claims, or to facili- give an extension of time for negotia- contempt at any time. tions between Indian tribes and the tate the voluntary dismissal of claims, to en- The Federal Government has held courage settlement negotiations with the Federal Government over trust fund United States. monies in trust for the American Indi- account balances. ans since 1820, and almost immediately I am an original cosponsor of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- the criticism started on how funds in- ant to the rule, the gentleman from companion legislation in the House, tended for the benefit of Indians were and I urge my colleagues to support Utah (Mr. HANSEN) and the gentleman handled. In 1828, Henry Rowe this bill and head off dozens of addi- from West Virginia (Mr. RAHALL) each Schoolcraft, a noted negotiator of sev- tional lawsuits filed against Secretary will control 20 minutes. eral Indian treaties, wrote, ‘‘The de- The Chair recognizes the gentleman Norton. rangements in the fiscal affairs of the This is an important step to take, from Utah (Mr. HANSEN). Indian department are in the extreme. but it is only a temporary one. We Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, I yield One would think that appropriations must settle the issue of all Indian trust myself such time as I may consume. had been handled with a pitchfork.’’ fund account balances, and we must set Mr. Speaker, this bill is a bill to en- In 1834, the House Committee on In- up a system where future Congresses courage the negotiated settlement of dian Affairs filed a report which char- are not quoting us when describing a tribal claims. S. 1857 allows Indian acterized the administration of Indian still-continuing problem. tribes to postpone the filing of lawsuits Affairs as being ‘‘expensive, inefficient, Let me be clear: the Federal Govern- against the United States for either and irresponsible.’’ ment cannot give a full and accurate the loss of money held in trust for the Were these warnings heeded? No. Let historical accounting of Indian trust tribe or the mismanagement of those us fast forward almost 160 years to 1992, funds to the account holders. Members funds, such as the loss of interest in- when the House Committee on Govern- do not have to take my word for it. Nu- come or the crediting of the wrong ment Operations released a report on merous reports exist detailing trust tribal trust fund account. the mismanagement of Indian trust fund documentation that are too dam- Under present law, the statute of funds. The report detailed numerous aged to read or are lost entirely. Mem- limitations does not run against such basic problems, including the inability bers can read testimony from BIA em- claims until each tribal account holder of the Department of the Interior to ployees of storing documents in a barn receives an accounting ‘‘from which give account holders proper account in Oklahoma, only to toss them out to the beneficiary can determine whether balances, the lack of uniform written make room for new documents. Mem- there has been a loss.’’ Although the policies governing how accounts are to bers can ask Secretary Gale Norton, United States began to provide Indian be managed, the insufficient training who admitted as much before the tribes with reconciliation reports in of personnel needed to carry out the House Committee on Resources just early 1996, no one knows for sure duties required, and the inadequate last month. whether these reports commenced the automated and recordkeeping systems. Just this past November, Secretary running of the statute of limitations. Some of us remember our response to Norton announced the establishment of The Government Accounting Office that 1992 report. We sat down with trib- a new agency within the Department of has given Congress real reason to doubt al and individual Indian account hold- the Interior to handle Indian trust ac- that these reports constitute a suffi- ers, the Department of the Interior, tivities. She made a dreadful mistake cient accounting to satisfy the Federal banking and trust management ex- by not working with the account hold- Government trust obligation. However, perts, and the computer experts and to- ers before bursting forth with this pro- if, as many Indian tribes fear, the re- gether developed legislation to address posal. I know she realizes that now, but port serves to trigger the statute of these problems. not after precious time has slipped by.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:14 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.036 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H705 I do not claim to have all the an- This bill does not address the legal with the tribes after the fact. The fact swers; but I do know that the answer issues involved in those lawsuits. This is many of them do not feel they are will come only when we all stand up bill, however, will facilitate the vol- still being properly consulted even and face our responsibility, admit the untary dismissal of these legal claims. today. This criticism, as my colleagues mistakes, and work openly and hon- Also, it provides the tribal account know, came up at the hearing that we estly with Indian country. holders an opportunity to postpone the held on the issue in the Committee on I urge passage of the pending legisla- filing of claims from 2002 to 2005 and Resources. tion. encourage negotiations for the settle- It is notable that this criticism, a Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of ment of tribal accounting or resource lack of structural foundation, is ex- my time. management claims. actly the same as has been leveled Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, I reserve Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to against the Department’s development the balance of my time. support this bill. of the Trust Asset and Accounting Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, I yield Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 Management System, TAAMS. All trib- such time as he may consume to the minutes to the gentleman from New al leaders strongly support trust re- gentleman from Michigan (Mr. KIL- Jersey (Mr. PALLONE), another very form and want to work constructively DEE), a gentlemen, I might add, who valuable leader and friend of Indian with the Department and with Con- has been very much on the forefront on country. gress to ensure strong management of this and other Indian issues, and a val- Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I want tribal assets. In fact, it is the tribes ued member of our Committee on Re- to thank our chairman and our ranking that have the greatest interest in en- sources. member, and also the chairman of our suring that tribal assets and resources Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, as co- Native American Caucus, the gen- are properly managed. chairman of the congressional Native tleman from Michigan (Mr. KILDEE), Given such BIA and TAAMS mis- American Caucus, I rise today in for their work on this legislation. management practices, the passage of strong support of S. 1857, a bill to en- Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong this bill will give tribal trust fund ac- courage the negotiated settlement of support of the bill, S. 1857. This bill count holders the opportunity to post- tribal claims. gives tribal trust fund account holders pone filing legal claims until 2005. Such I introduced the House companion the opportunity to postpone filing legal time is necessary in order for the tribal bill, H.R. 3851. I want to thank my col- claims until 2005. Technically, the bill trust funds account holder to unravel leagues, the gentleman from West Vir- tolls the statute of limitations on legal the financial accounting mess that the ginia (Mr. RAHALL), the gentleman claims that Indian tribes may assert BIA and TAAMS have put them in. against the U.S. relating to the man- from Utah (Mr. HANSEN), the gen- I think, obviously, this is the right agement of tribal trust funds. tleman from Arizona (Mr. HAYWORTH), thing to do. We have to support the The bill is necessary, as I know my and the gentleman from California (Mr. bill, but I know we also have to look at colleagues have already said, because GALLEGLY), for agreeing to be original the larger issue of trust reform and many tribes believe their legal claims cosponsors. make sure it goes forward only with may be time-barred because the stat- Mr. Speaker, this bill has deep bipar- consultation with the tribes. I know ute of limitations expires as early as tisan support and the support of the ad- my colleagues that are here all believe this year. very strongly in that. ministration. I want to commend my I really wanted, though, to talk colleagues in the Senate for their swift Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, I have no about the larger issue, that the BIA further requests for time, and I yield action to address the issue of tolling has grossly mismanaged the remaining the statute of limitations on legal back the balance of my time. tribal lands and has squandered bil- Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, I have no claims Indian tribes may assert against lions of dollars worth of resources that the United States relating to the man- further requests for time, and I yield should have gone to the benefit of back the balance of my time. agement of tribal trust funds. often-impoverished American Indians. This issue is certainly not new to The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Congress. Since 1991, Congress has ap- b 1300 SHIMKUS). The question is on the mo- proved language in the Department of Today, the Secretary of the Interior tion offered by the gentleman from the Interior’s appropriations acts to is faced by a mandate of Congress to Utah (Mr. HANSEN) that the House sus- toll the statute of limitations until the clean up the accounting and manage- pend the rules and pass the Senate bill, tribal account holders have been pro- ment of Indian trust funds, and by a S. 1857. The question was taken; and (two- vided an accounting of such funds. lawsuit alleging a great failure of the thirds having voted in favor thereof) In addition, since 1987, Congress has Secretary’s trust responsibility for In- the rules were suspended and the Sen- required the Department of the Inte- dian lands. In response, the Secretary rior to reconcile tribal trust fund ac- ate bill was passed. has proposed a plan to create a new Bu- A motion to reconsider was laid on counts. By providing an accounting of reau of Indian Trust Asset Manage- the table. these funds, Indian tribes will have the ment and remove the trust functions opportunity to determine whether from the Bureau of Indian affairs. f there has been a mismanagement of I am very much opposed to this pro- FALLON RAIL FREIGHT LOADING trust funds. These requirements were posal. I am greatly concerned that this FACILITY TRANSFER ACT included in the President’s budget re- plan is repeating the failures of the Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I move quest for fiscal year 2003. many past trust reform efforts. Re- to suspend the rules and pass the bill The problem this bill seeks to ad- cently, 193 Indian tribes unanimously (H.R. 1870) to provide for the sale of dress relates directly to the reconcili- adopted a resolution opposing this re- certain real property within the ation reports that the Department of organization and the transfer of the re- Newlands Project in Nevada, to the the Interior provided to tribal account sponsibilities to the BIA. I strongly be- city of Fallon, Nevada, as amended. holders in 1996. Several Indian tribes lieve that this reorganization effort The Clerk read as follows: believe that the reconciliation reports cannot go forward until the Depart- H.R. 1870 do not constitute an accounting. ment consults with Indian tribes in the Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- Since the statute of limitations for development of a business processes resentatives of the United States of America in filing legal claims is 6 years, the tribe’s plan for trust reform, a clear plan for Congress assembled, concern is that the Department may performing the basic trust functions of SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. claim that the 1996 reconciliation re- accounting, collections, record keep- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Fallon Rail ports commence the running of a stat- ing, inspections, enforcement and re- Freight Loading Facility Transfer Act’’. ute that would expire this year. In an source management. The plan has to SEC. 2. CONVEYANCE TO THE CITY OF FALLON, attempt to preserve their legal claims NEVADA. include policies, procedures and con- (a) CONVEYANCE.— against the United States, many tribes trol. (1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subsections (b) have already filed claims in Federal I know the Secretary is now saying and (c), the Secretary of the Interior shall con- courts across the country. she is doing this, but she is consulting vey to the city of Fallon, Nevada, all right, title,

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 6333 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.038 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H706 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 and interest of the United States in and to ap- erty from the U.S. Bureau of Reclama- The question was taken; and (two- proximately 6.3 acres of real property in the tion that it utilizes as a rail freight thirds having voted in favor thereof) Newlands Reclamation Project, Nevada, gen- yard and loading facility. The city, the the rules were suspended and the bill, erally known as ‘‘380 North Taylor Street, State of Nevada, the U.S. Department as amended, was passed. Fallon, Nevada’’, and identified for disposition on the map entitled ‘‘Fallon Rail Freight Load- of Transportation, and the Southern A motion to reconsider was laid on ing Facility’’. Pacific Railroad have collectively in- the table. (2) MAP.—The map referred to in paragraph vested a significant amount of money f (1) shall be on file and available for public in- in this rail facility, providing more BURNT, MALHEUR, OWYHEE, AND spection in— than 400 jobs in the community. POWDER RIVER BASIN WATER (A) the offices of the Commissioner of the Bu- On January 1 of 2000, the long-term OPTIMIZATION FEASIBILITY reau of Reclamation; and lease between the city of Fallon and (B) the offices of the Area Manager of the Bu- STUDY ACT OF 2001 reau of Reclamation, Carson City, Nevada. the Bureau of Reclamation expired. As (b) CONSIDERATION.— negotiations began for a new long-term Mr. WALDEN of Oregon. Mr. Speak- (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall require lease, the city of Fallon and the bureau er, I move to suspend the rules and that, as consideration for the conveyance under came to the common conclusion that it pass the bill (H.R. 1883) to authorize subsection (a), the city of Fallon, Nevada, shall would be in the best interest of both the Secretary of the Interior to con- pay to the United States an amount equal to the parties to have ownership of this prop- duct a feasibility study on water opti- fair market value of the real property, as erty transferred to the city of Fallon. mization in the Burnt River basin, determined— Malheur River basin, Owyhee River (A) by an appraisal of the real property, con- The city would be able to make long- ducted not later than 60 days after the date of term investments to a facility that it basin, and Powder River basin, Oregon. enactment of this Act by an independent ap- owned without having to worry about The Clerk read as follows: praiser approved by the Commissioner of Rec- renegotiating new leases and the possi- H.R. 1883 lamation and paid for by the city of Fallon, Ne- bility of losing access to the property. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- vada; and The Bureau of Reclamation would be resentatives of the United States of America in (B) without taking into consideration the able to divest itself from an asset that Congress assembled, value of any structures or improvements on the no longer serves a purpose to its core SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. property. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Burnt, (2) CREDIT OF PROCEEDS.—The amount paid to mission, allowing more of its scarce re- Malheur, Owyhee, and Powder River Basin the United States under paragraph (1) shall be sources to be focused on the traditional Water Optimization Feasibility Study Act of credited, in accordance with section 204(c) of roles of the bureau. 2001’’. the Federal Property and Administrative Serv- Of course, Mr. Speaker, this transfer SEC. 2. STUDY. ices Act of 1949 (40 U.S.C. 485(c)), to the appro- will be contingent upon the satisfac- priate fund in the Treasury relating to the The Secretary of the Interior may conduct tory conclusion of all necessary and en- a feasibility study on water optimization in Newlands Reclamation Project, Nevada. vironmental reviews, and it will be pur- (c) LIABILITY.—The conveyance under sub- the Burnt River basin, Malheur River basin, section (a) shall not occur until such data as chased by the city at fair market Owyhee River basin, and Powder River basin, the Commissioner of Reclamation certifies that value. Oregon. all liability issues relating to the property (in- Finally, Mr. Speaker, H.R. 1870 has SEC. 3. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. cluding issues of environmental liability) have strong support from Nevada’s bipar- There are authorized to be appropriated been resolved. tisan congressional delegation. On be- such sums as are necessary to carry out this The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- half of the city of Fallon, I urge my Act. ant to the rule, the gentleman from colleagues to pass the Fallon Rail The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- Nevada (Mr. GIBBONS) and the gen- Freight Loading Facility Transfer Act, ant to the rule, the gentleman from Or- tleman from Guam (Mr. UNDERWOOD) a bill which will create a win-win situ- egon (Mr. WALDEN) and the gentleman each will control 20 minutes. ation for everyone involved. from Guam (Mr. UNDERWOOD) each will The Chair recognizes the gentleman Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of control 20 minutes. from Nevada (Mr. GIBBONS). my time. The Chair recognizes the gentleman Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I yield Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I from Oregon (Mr. WALDEN). myself such time as I may consume. yield myself such time as I may con- Mr. WALDEN of Oregon. Mr. Speak- (Mr. GIBBONS asked and was given sume. er, I yield myself such time as I may permission to revise and extend his re- Mr. Speaker, H.R. 1870 would direct consume. marks.) the Secretary of the Interior to convey Mr. Speaker, I thank you for the op- Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I rise to the city of Fallon, Nevada, all right, portunity to speak in favor of H.R. today to express strong support for title and interest in approximately 6.3 1883. H.R. 1870, the Fallon Rail Freight acres of property within the Newlands This legislation would authorize the Leading Facility Transfer Act; and I project. The city would like to use the Secretary of the Interior to engage in a want to thank the gentleman from property for a planned truck-to-rail- feasibility investigation for the Burnt, Utah (Mr. HANSEN) and my good friend, road transfer structure. The bill re- Malheur, Owyhee River basins in east- the gentleman from Guam (Mr. UNDER- flects changes recommended by the In- ern Oregon. It is the next step in the WOOD), and the Committee on Re- terior Department. It would require United States Bureau of Reclamation sources for moving this bill expedi- the city to pay fair market value with- process now that their initial study has tiously to the floor for a vote. out regard to the value of structures or been completed. The United States Bu- H.R. 1870 will privilege the city of improvements in the property. I urge reau of Reclamation’s earlier studies Fallon, Nevada, the exclusive right to adoption of the bill, and I congratulate examined problems associated with purchase approximately 6.3 acres of my colleague, the gentleman from Ne- such issues as excess nutrients in sur- public land located in the downtown vada (Mr. GIBBONS). face water, sedimentation, high-water area of the city. Mr. Speaker, I have no further re- temperatures, degraded fish habitat, The Fallon Rail Freight Loading Fa- quests for time, and I yield back the low-stream flows and lack of adequate cility Transfer Act will enable the city balance of my time. stream-side vegetation. of Fallon to make the necessary long- Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I urge The feasibility study that H.R. 1883 term investments and capital improve- everyone to support this bill. authorizes would help find the most ments to the property to ensure the fu- Mr. Speaker, I have no further re- logical approaches to address these ture viability of this important munic- quests for time, and I yield back the issues. ipal asset is maintained. balance of my time. Mr. Speaker, the farmers and ranch- Fallon is a rural agricultural commu- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The ers are the driving force behind this nity of approximately 8,700 residents question is on the motion offered by legislation. As they have proven over located in northern Nevada approxi- the gentleman from Nevada (Mr. GIB- and over again, it is the farmers and mately 70 miles east of the city of BONS) that the House suspend the rules ranchers who are some of our strongest Reno. Since 1984, the city of Fallon has and pass the bill, H.R. 1870, as amend- environmentalists. They care deeply leased approximately 6.3 acres of prop- ed. about the land and water that they use

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR7.011 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H707 to grow the crops that feed us all. This (H.R. 1963) to amend the National Mr. Speaker, H.R. 1963, introduced by bill will set a process in motion that Trails System Act to designate the our colleague from Illinois (Mr. will allow the farmers to leave more route taken by American soldier and COSTELLO), provides for a study of the water in stream while maintaining frontiersman George Rogers Clark and route used by George Rogers Clark and their current yields. his men during the Revolutionary War his troops during the military cam- The bill is supported by the Burnt to capture the British forts at paign of 1778 and 1779 in what is now Il- River Irrigation District, the Power Kaskaskia and Cahokia, Illinois, and linois and Indiana. From February 5 Valley Water Control District, the Vincennes, Indiana, for study for po- through the 23rd, 1779, Lt. Colonel Baker Valley Irrigation District, the tential addition to the National Trails George Rogers Clark and his Virginia Owyhee Irrigation District, the Owyhee System. militia marched 180 miles through Ditch Company, the Vale Oregon Irri- The Clerk read as follows: freezing weather and flooded country gation District, and the Warm Springs H.R. 1963 side to defeat British Lt. General Irrigation District. It is a simple, Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- Henry Hamilton and his troops. During straightforward bill that deserves our resentatives of the United States of America in this campaign the Americans captured support. Congress assembled, the British forts at Kaskaskia and Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of SECTION 1. DESIGNATION OF GEORGE ROGERS CLARK NORTHWEST CAMPAIGN Cahokia, in what is now Illinois, and my time. TRAIL FOR STUDY FOR POTENTIAL twice captured Vincennes, in what is Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I ADDITION TO THE NATIONAL TRAILS now Indiana. yield myself such time as I may con- SYSTEM. The military campaign conducted by sume. Section 5(c) of the National Trails System George Rogers Clark is regarded as an Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. Act (16 U.S.C. 1244(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: important event in the Revolutionary 1883. This bill is a simple and discre- ‘‘(41) GEORGE ROGERS CLARK NORTHWEST War. tionary authorization to allow the Sec- CAMPAIGN TRAIL.—The George Rogers Clark The purpose of the trail study au- retary of the Interior to conduct a fea- Northwest Campaign Trail, tracing the thorized by H.R. 1963 would be to deter- sibility study on water optimization in water route and overland route of the 1778 mine whether portions of the route three river basins in northeastern Or- and 1779 expedition of Lieutenant Colonel used in that campaign meet the cri- egon. The bill would authorize appro- George Rogers Clark and his Virginia militia teria for designation as a national his- priations as are necessary to carry out against the British in which he captured the British forts at Kaskaskia and Cahokia, in toric trail. the study. what is now Illinois, and twice captured Vin- Mr. Speaker, the George Rogers During the summer there is no re- cennes, in what is now Indiana.’’. Clark Northwest Campaign Trail would maining unappropriated water in these The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- commemorate a historic march and river basins. In low-water years, avail- ant to the rule, the gentleman from campaign. I support a trail study of able water may be inadequate to sup- Utah (Mr. HANSEN) and the gentleman this important event in American his- ply junior water rights holders. The from Guam (Mr. UNDERWOOD) each will tory. I commend the gentleman from Bureau of Reclamation developed the control 20 minutes. Illinois (Mr. COSTELLO) for his legisla- multi-purpose irrigation facilities in The Chair recognizes the gentleman tion, and I urge its passage by the these basins, but the projects are now from Utah (Mr. HANSEN). House. operated by the local water users. Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, I yield Mr. Speaker, I yield as much time as Local interests want to continue the myself such time as I may consume. he may consume to the gentleman involvement of the Bureau of Reclama- Mr. Speaker, H.R. 1963, introduced by from Illinois (Mr. COSTELLO). tion to construct small-scale water the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Mr. COSTELLO. Mr. Speaker, I management projects, and H.R. 1883 COSTELLO), would amend the National thank my friend for yielding me time. provides for the study of appropriate Trail System to authorize the Sec- Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support projects. I urge my colleagues to sup- retary of the Interior to conduct the of H.R. 1963, legislation I introduced to port H.R. 1883. suitability and feasibility study for in- authorize the study to include the path Mr. Speaker, I have no further re- cluding the route taken by Colonel taken by George Rogers Clark into our quests for time, and I yield back the George Rogers Clark during the Amer- National Trails System. balance of my time. ican Revolutionary War as part of the George Rogers Clark was born in 1752, Mr. WALDEN of Oregon. Mr. Speak- National Trails System. the second oldest of 10 children and the er, I thank my colleague for his sup- Colonel George Rogers Clark, the older brother of William Clark of Lewis port of the legislation. I appreciate the older brother of William Clark of the and Clark fame. assistance of the minority in helping famous Lewis and Clark expedition, led b 1315 us move this bill forward. It will be a daring and, some might say, suicidal good for fish. It will be good for farm- mission 180 miles from Kaskaskia and During the Revolutionary War in ers. I urge passage of the bill. Cahokia, Illinois, and I probably fouled 1778, Clark led his troops from Red- Mr. Speaker, I have no further re- that up, through flooded prairies and stone, Pennsylvania, to Kaskaskia, Illi- quests for time, and I yield back the freezing temperatures in 1779 to cap- nois, which is in the Congressional Dis- balance of my time. ture British Lt. Colonel Henry Ham- trict I am privileged to represent. They The SPEAKER pro tempore. The ilton in Vincennes, Indiana. surprised Kaskaskia on the night of question is on the motion offered by Colonel Hamilton, also known as July 4, 1778, and occupied the fort and the gentleman from Oregon (Mr. WAL- ‘‘hair buyer,’’ supported the Indian Na- town without a single shot being fired. DEN) that the House suspend the rules tions west of the Appalachian Moun- Clark offered the French settlers in and pass the bill, H.R. 1883. tains by paying for the scalps of our Kaskaskia the privileges of American The question was taken; and (two- pioneers. citizenship and won the support of the thirds having voted in favor thereof) Mr. Speaker, as a result of this his- French in the region. He also won the the rules were suspended and the bill toric act, the British ceded what is now neutrality of the Native Americans. was passed. Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wis- This support was key as Clark led his A motion to reconsider was laid on consin, and the eastern portion of Min- troops on the final leg of their journey the table. nesota to the United States. Mr. as they moved to overtake the British f Speaker, this bill is supported by the in Vincennes, Indiana. Banking on the majority and the minority of the com- element of surprise, Clark led his DESIGNATION OF GEORGE ROGERS mittee and the administration. I urge troops across what is now known as the CLARK NORTHWEST CAMPAIGN my colleagues to support H.R. 1963. State of Illinois, from Kaskaskia to TRAIL FOR STUDY FOR POTEN- Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of Vincennes. The journey would nor- TIAL ADDITION TO THE NA- my time. mally take between 5 and 6 days, but TIONAL TRAILS SYSTEM Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I because of the freezing flood waters, Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, I move to yield myself such time as I may con- the journey took 18 days. At times in suspend the rules and pass the bill sume. icy water up to their shoulders, it was

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.045 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H708 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 Clark’s determined leadership that led SENSE OF CONGRESS ON HUNTING terms of this resolution, the Bush ad- his men through this incredible mid- SEASONS FOR MIGRATORY ministration would be asked to begin winter journey. MOURNING DOVES discussions with the other signatories Once arriving in Vincennes on Feb- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. of the Migratory Bird Treaty with the ruary 23, 1779, Clark and his men forced BALLENGER). Pursuant to House Reso- goal of moving the season up from Sep- the British to surrender just 2 days lution 353 and rule XVIII, the Chair de- tember 1 to the last week of August. later on February 25, 1779. As a result clares the House in the Committee of Thirty-four northern States would be of Clark’s outstanding military the Whole House on the State of the eligible for this earlier opening in the dove season. achievements, the British ceded a vast Union for the consideration of the con- area of land to the United States, I have been advised by wildlife biolo- current resolution, H. Con. Res. 275. gists that the last week of August is which is now Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, b 1319 the traditional week that doves are not Michigan, Wisconsin, and a portion of sitting on their nests, and that by ad- Minnesota. His actions were para- IN THE COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE vancing the hunting season it would mount in the establishment of the Accordingly, the House resolved not have an adverse effect on migra- upper Midwest. itself into the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union for the tory dove populations. In addition, The designation of the George Rogers game managers will be free to update Clark Trail would pay homage to an consideration of the concurrent resolu- tion (H. Con. Res. 275) expressing the any regulations necessary to allow for American hero who is seldom recog- a lengthened season and this legisla- sense of the Congress that hunting sea- nized for his contributions in American tion would not affect those States that sons for migratory mourning doves history. The designation would also do not have a dove hunting season. promote tourism in three of Illinois’ should be modified so that individuals This measure is supported by a num- State historic sites and draw visitors have a fair and equitable opportunity ber of conservation organizations, in- to retrace Clark’s historic path. Tour- to hunt such birds, with Mr. SHIMKUS cluding the Grand National Waterfowl ism is a growing and very important in the chair. Association, Quail Unlimited, Safari industry in southern Illinois, and es- The Clerk read the title of the bill. Club International, and the U.S. tablishing a national trail would be The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the Sportsmen’s Alliance. highly beneficial to the region. rule, the concurrent resolution is con- In summary, all hunters should have sidered as having been read the first Mr. Speaker, I strongly support this an equitable chance to harvest this time. tasty but apparently thin-skinned lit- legislation and urge my colleagues to Under the rule, the gentleman from join me in authorizing a study to des- tle bird. This is a common-sense solu- Utah (Mr. HANSEN) and the gentleman tion to a problem that has frustrated ignate the route of George Rogers from Guam (Mr. UNDERWOOD) each will Clark during the Revolutionary War northern hunters for years. control 30 minutes. I urge an ‘‘aye’’ vote so that all hunt- for potential addition to the National The Chair recognizes the gentleman ers can have an equal shot. Trails System, and I thank the chair- from Utah (Mr. HANSEN). Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance man of the committee and the ranking Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I yield of my time. member for bringing this legislation to myself such time as I may consume. Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I the floor today. As the author of H.Con.Res. 275, I am yield myself such time as I may con- Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, I have no pleased to present this legislation to sume. further requests for time, and I yield provide badly needed relief to millions (Mr. UNDERWOOD asked and was back the balance of my time. of dove hunters throughout the United given permission to revise and extend Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I States. his remarks.) yield myself such time as I may con- Mourning doves are the most widely Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, sume to point out that our side pro- distributed and harvested game bird in neither myself nor the ranking Demo- nounced the names correctly. North America. Dove hunting is a cher- cratic member of the Committee on Resources, the gentleman from West Mr. Speaker, I have no further re- ished and honored tradition in this country. Dove hunters pay millions of Virginia (Mr. RAHALL), have objected quests for time, and I yield back the to H. Con. Res. 275. The nonbinding res- balance of my time. dollars in excise taxes each year that are deposited in the Federal Aid to olution of the gentleman from Utah The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Wildlife Restoration Fund. These mon- (Mr. HANSEN), chairman of the com- SHIMKUS). The question is on the mo- ies are used to acquire and manage mittee, seeks to expand the hunting tion offered by the gentleman from thousands of acres of critical wetlands season for mourning doves in the Utah (Mr. HANSEN) that the House sus- that provide essential habitat for many United States. pend the rules and pass the bill, H.R. As I have stated during consideration species of migratory birds. 1963. of the resolution in the Committee on Under current law, the hunting sea- Resources and again at yesterday’s The question was taken; and (two- son for doves and all migratory bird meeting of the Committee on Rules, thirds having voted in favor thereof) games is September 1 to March 10 of the rules were suspended and the bill the nonbinding context of the resolu- each year. I am not aware of the ra- tion does not make this a contentious was passed. tionale for these arbitrary dates and A motion to reconsider was laid on matter at all. there is little, if any, discussion as to Nevertheless, if a bird in the hand is the table. why that period was selected. While worth two in the bush, I think it is these dates may be fine for dove hunt- worth repeating that even if this legis- f ers in Southern California, they have a lation were to pass, several important long-term negative impact on sports- issues would have to be addressed na- GENERAL LEAVE men in dozens of northern States. In tionally and internationally before the fact, because of rapidly changing intent of the resolution becomes re- Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask weather conditions, it is not unusual to unanimous consent that all Members ality. Amending the Migratory Bird have a dove hunting that lasts less Treaty Act and the underlying Conven- may have 5 legislative days in which to than a week or even just a day in tion for the Protection of Migratory revise and extend their remarks, and States like Colorado, Montana, Utah, Birds would not be routine. In fact, no include extraneous material in the Wyoming, et cetera. one should underestimate the potential RECORD on the four bills just consid- Furthermore, this is not simply a difficulties. ered, S. 1857, H.R. 1870, H.R. 1883, and western States problem. I have been The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of H.R. 1963. told that even States like Maryland 1918 and the underlying Convention The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there have a very short dove hunting season. agreed to by the United States and objection to the request of the gen- The goal of this legislation is to Great Britain in 1916 are two of our Na- tleman from Utah? allow all hunters a fair and equal op- tion’s earliest and most enduring con- There was no objection. portunity to pursue doves. Under the servation agreements; and, as I have

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:08 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.052 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H709 noted in previous discussion, the Con- lier; the reward of being good stewards of the ment of fledglings in mourning dove popu- vention and MBTA has been amended land. lations; only once since 1916, and that change These basic truths, passed down through so Whereas sportsmen have a strong commit- was to allow for the subsistence taking many generations of Americans, Native and ment to the health, conservation, and enjoy- ment of wildlife, as demonstrated by the mil- of birds and eggs in Alaska and north- immigrant alike, are the values of stewardship lions of dollars they have voluntarily paid ern Canada. Additionally, that amend- and sportsmanship involved in hunting. The over the past 70 years into the Federal Aid to ment was agreed to only after 20 years stewardship of the game populations that pro- Wildlife Restoration Fund established by the of negotiation. vide a bounty of food and sport is crucial in Pittman-Robertson Wildlife Restoration Act Opening the Migratory Bird Conven- the survival of many game animal species. (16 U.S.C. 669 et seq.); tion on the MBTA amendment for The gains achieved in the scientific manage- Whereas mourning dove hunting has been a amendment for a single species would ment of game species can be linked to the ef- cherished and honored tradition in the require the administration, the States, forts of hunters to maintain the populations United States for generations; Whereas migratory bird hunters provide and our international partners to in- and quality of the game they hunt. Populations millions of dollars to wildlife conservation vestigate the status of the entire conti- of game animals have more than flourished and local economies; and nental mourning doves population. No through proper game management by con- Whereas millions of hunters in States one disputes that the population of cerned and devoted hunters. The populations north of 37 degrees north latitude are cur- mourning doves remains abundant of deer and turkey alone are far greater now rently unable to experience hunting condi- across its range, and for many people, at the beginning of this century than they ever tions similar to conditions in other regions including hunters, that is indeed good were at the beginning of the last. of the country with respect to game avail- news, because the bird is a species fa- It is in a hunter’s best interest to maintain ability because of the current unfair hunting season restrictions: Now, therefore, be it vored by sportsmen and women. game populations so that they may continue Resolved by the House of Representatives (the If time had been available, I would to practice the tradition they love. Licensed Senate concurring), That it is the sense of have preferred for the Committee on game hunters are deeply involved in game Congress that, to provide a fair and equitable Resources to look into this issue a lit- management on many levels. They pay taxes opportunity for individuals to hunt for tle bit more. However, this is just the on their arms and ammunition, stamps and mourning doves— type of critical biological question I permits; funds that all go to help protect and (1) the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 am sure the Flyway Councils will want maintain the sport that they hold so dear to should be modified to allow for mourning to investigate before recommending dove hunting during the last week of August their hearts. The rules and code that today’s in areas north of 37 degrees north latitude, any action which could conceivably sportsmen follow, serve to protect and im- as approved by the parties to the appropriate impact the population in a negative prove the quality of game species for genera- international agreement; way. tions to come. (2) such an extended hunting season will— There are other administrative and In honor of the men, women and youth who (A) improve hunting opportunities in the social considerations, but, frankly, continue to practice the time honored Amer- United States without causing negative im- there is little need to belabor the ican tradition of hunting I urge the support of pacts on mourning dove populations; point. this legislation. (B) through the sale of hunting permits, In closing, I want to reiterate that I Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, this Mem- generate additional revenue that may be am supportive of H. Con. Res. 275, and used for the better management and con- ber wishes to state for the RECORD that had servation of mourning doves and other wild- I urge other Members to keep in mind there been a recorded vote on H. Con. Res. life species; and the nonbinding nature of this resolu- 275, he would have voted ‘‘nay’’ based on the (C) continue to provide for the conserva- tion. concerns expressed by the Nebraska Game tion and enhancement of mourning dove pop- Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance and Parks Commission. ulations; of my time. According to the Nebraska Game and Parks (3) the United States should take imme- Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Chairman, I rise in sup- Commission, dove populations have been de- diate steps to begin discussions with the ap- port of Housing Concurrent Resolutions 275. clining and biologists are concerned that propriate parties to ensure that all Ameri- cans have an opportunity to harvest migra- For thousands of years before the first Euro- lengthening the hunting season could be detri- peans set foot on the continent of North Amer- tory mourning doves in an equitable manner; mental. Also, many fledgling doves are still in and ica on the East Coast of Florida in 1513, Na- nets around the time of the opening of the cur- (4) hunters in all States located north of 37 tive Americans were already the great hunters rent annual hunting season. Extension of the degrees north latitude and the wildlife man- and stewards of the New World that was to hunting season could have an adverse effect agement agencies of those States should sup- become America. They hunted, gathered and on fledgling survival rates. It appears that fur- port an earlier opening date for the mourn- farmed as a way of life, which allowed them ther study is needed before a change such as ing dove hunting season. to live and prosper long before the great soci- this is made. The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. During eties of Europe began to flourish. The native Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I yield consideration of the concurrent resolu- tribes of Florida fished in the great bays and back the balance of my time. tion for amendment, the Chair may ac- estuaries, such as Tampa Bay, and hunted in Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I cord priority in recognition to a Mem- the vast swamps and prairies up and down yield back the balance of my time. ber offering an amendment that he has the Manatee River where Hernando De Soto The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. printed in the designated place in the landed to embark on the exploration of the LAHOOD). All time for general debate CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. Those amend- new continent of America. The Native Flo- has expired. ments will be considered read. ridian way of life depended on the game they Pursuant to the rule, the concurrent Are there any amendments to the hunted, the fish they caught and the crops resolution is considered read for text of the concurrent resolution? they could grow. They only harvested what amendment under the 5-minute rule. Are there any amendments to the they needed and never took from the wild The text of House Concurrent Resolu- preamble of the concurrent resolution? more than they could use. This was the birth tion 275 is as follows: If not, under the rule, the Committee of the American hunting tradition of being a H. CON. RES. 275 rises. Accordingly, the Committee rose; steward of game and wildlife while engaging in Whereas the vast majority of mourning the sport of hunting. doves that hatch, fledge, and nest in States and the Speaker pro tempore (Mr. When Florida was acquired by the United north of 37 degrees north latitude migrate BALLENGER) having assumed the chair, States in 1821, Florida pioneering families, af- south beyond the boundaries of those States Mr. LAHOOD, Chairman pro tempore of fectionately called ‘‘Crackers’’ for the sound before the national hunting season opening the Committee of the Whole House on their whips made when driving cattle, came to date of September 1, thus denying hunters in the State of the Union, reported that settle on the vast Florida peninsula to stake those States an equitable opportunity to that Committee, having had under con- out a claim for a new life. They depended on harvest this species; sideration the concurrent resolution Whereas mourning doves are the most (H. Con. Res. 275) expressing the sense the abundance of wildlife to support them- widely distributed and harvested game birds selves and their growing families. What the in North America; of the Congress that hunting seasons Native Floridians taught the Florida pioneers Whereas current regulated hunting for for migratory mourning doves should was the same lesson that was taught to the mourning doves has been conclusively found be modified so that individuals have a Pilgrims at Plymouth hundreds of years ear- to cause no significant effects on recruit- fair and equitable opportunity to hunt

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.055 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H710 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 such birds, pursuant to House Resolu- lombia have committed serious crimes should designate a high-ranking official to tion 353, he reported the concurrent against United States citizens, kidnapping coordinate all United States assistance to resolution back to the House. more than 50 Americans and murdering at the Government of Colombia to ensure clar- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The least ten Americans; ity of United States policy and the effective question is on the concurrent resolu- Whereas the Drug Enforcement Adminis- delivery of United States support. tration believes that members of the FARC The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- tion. and the AUC directly engage in narcotics The concurrent resolution was agreed trafficking; ant to the rule, the gentleman from Il- to. Whereas individual members of Colombia’s linois (Mr. HYDE) and the gentleman A motion to reconsider was laid on security forces have collaborated with illegal from California (Mr. LANTOS) each will the table. paramilitary organizations by, inter alia, in control 20 minutes. f some instances allowing such organizations The Chair recognizes the gentleman to pass through roadblocks, sharing tactical from Illinois (Mr. HYDE). GENERAL LEAVE information with such organizations, and providing such organizations with supplies GENERAL LEAVE Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- unanimous consent that all Members and ammunition; Whereas while the Colombian Government mous consent that all Members may may 5 legislative days within which to has made progress in its efforts to combat have 5 legislative days within which to revise and extend their remarks and to and capture members of illegal paramilitary revise and extend their remarks and in- include any extraneous material on H. organizations and taken positive steps to clude extraneous material on the reso- Con. Res. 275, the concurrent resolu- break links between individual members of lution under consideration. tion just agreed to. the security forces and such organizations, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. further steps by the Colombian Government objection to the request of the gen- LAHOOD). Is there objection to the re- are warranted; quest of the gentleman from Utah? Whereas in 1998 Colombian President An- tleman from Illinois? There was no objection. dres Pastrana began exhaustive efforts to ne- There was no objection. gotiate a peace agreement with the FARC Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield my- f and implemented extraordinary confidence- self such time as I may consume. EXPRESSING SUPPORT FOR DEMO- building measures to advance these negotia- I rise in strong support of this resolu- CRATICALLY ELECTED GOVERN- tions, including establishing a 16,000-square- mile safe haven for the FARC; tion. In our ongoing war on terrorism, MENT OF COLOMBIA AND ITS EF- Whereas the Government of Colombia has we have an extremely volatile situa- FORTS TO COUNTER THREATS also undertaken substantial efforts to nego- tion in our own hemisphere that can- FROM U.S.-DESIGNATED FOREIGN tiate a peace agreement with the ELN; not be ignored any longer: the threat TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS Whereas the United States has consist- against democracy in Colombia. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I move to ently supported the Government of Colom- Colombia has been beset by many suspend the rules and agree to the reso- bia’s protracted efforts to negotiate a peace years of violence that have culminated agreement with the FARC and supports the lution (H. Res. 358) expressing support Government of Colombia in its continuing in numerous terrorist attacks in the for the democratically elected Govern- efforts to reach a negotiated agreement with past month. This oldest representative ment of Colombia and its efforts to the ELN; democracy in South America is under counter threats from United States- Whereas the United States would welcome attack as we speak by terrorists known designated foreign terrorist organiza- a negotiated, political solution to end the vi- as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of tions. olence in Colombia; Colombia, otherwise known as the The Clerk read as follows: Whereas, after the FARC hijacked a com- FARC, another violent left-wing group, mercial airplane and took Colombian Sen- the National Liberation Army, known H. RES. 358 ator Jorge Eduardo Gechem Turbay as a hos- Whereas the democratically elected Gov- tage into the government-created safe haven, also by its Spanish acronym ELN, and ernment of Colombia, led by President An- President Pastrana ended his government’s illegal right-wing paramilitary groups. dres Pastrana, is the legitimate authority in sponsorship of the peace negotiations with The Secretary of State has designated the oldest representative democracy in the FARC and ordered Colombia’s security all three groups as foreign terrorist or- South America; forces to re-establish legitimate govern- ganizations that threaten the security Whereas the Secretary of State, in con- mental control in the safe haven; of the United States and our citizens. sultation with the Attorney General and the Whereas President Pastrana has received Secretary of the Treasury, is required to des- strong expressions of support from foreign b 1330 ignate as foreign terrorist organizations governments and international organizations These groups regularly engage in those groups whose activities threaten the for his decision to end the peace talks and criminal acts, such as murder, kidnap- security of United States nationals or the dissolve the FARC’s safe haven; and national security interests of the United Whereas the Government of Colombia’s ne- ping, extortion and narcotics traf- States pursuant to section 219 of the Immi- gotiations with the ELN are continuing de- ficking. They are currently holding gration and Nationality Act; spite the end of the negotiations with the captive dozens of Colombian security Whereas the Secretary of State has des- FARC: Now, therefore, be it force officers, soldiers and civilians. ignated three Colombian terrorist groups as Resolved, That— The FARC and the ELN have kid- foreign terrorist organizations, including the (1) the House of Representatives— napped more than 50 Americans and Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (A) expresses its support for the democrat- have murdered 10 of our citizens. (FARC), the United Self-Defense Forces of ically elected Government of Colombia and Colombia (AUC), and the National Libera- the Colombian people as they strive to pro- Colombian President Pastrana in- tion Army (ELN); tect their democracy from terrorism and the vested his presidency, indeed his entire Whereas all three United States-designated scourge of illicit narcotics; and political fortune, in an attempt to ne- foreign terrorist organizations regularly en- (B) deplores the continuing criminal ter- gotiate peace with the FARC for the gage in criminal acts, including murder, kid- rorist acts of murder, abduction, and extor- past 4 years. This protracted peace napping, and extortion perpetrated against tion carried out by all United States-des- process ended February 20 when the Colombian civilians, government officials, ignated foreign terrorist organizations in Co- FARC hijacked a commercial airliner security forces, and against foreign nation- lombia against United States citizens, the ci- and kidnapped a prominent Colombian als, including United States citizens; vilian population of Colombia, and Colom- Whereas the FARC is holding five Colom- bian authorities; and senator, the leader of the Colombian bian legislators, a presidential candidate, (2) it is the sense of the House of Rep- Senate Peace Commission. The senator and Colombian police and army officers and resentatives that the President, without is now the fifth legislator being held soldiers as hostages and has recently esca- undue delay, should transmit to Congress for captive by the FARC. lated bombings against civilian targets, in- its consideration proposed legislation, con- On that same day, President cluding a foiled attempt to destroy the city sistent with United States law regarding the Pastrana ordered the Colombian mili- of Bogota’s principal water reservoir; protection of human rights, to assist the tary into the 16,000 square mile demili- Whereas, according to the Colombian Gov- Government of Colombia protect its democ- tarized zone that he ceded to the FARC ernment, the FARC has received training in racy from United States-designated foreign terrorist techniques and technology from terrorist organizations and the scourge of il- in his efforts to negotiate peace. Since foreign nationals; licit narcotics; and that time, the FARC has waged even Whereas, since 1992, United States-des- (3) it is the sense of the House of Rep- more bloody terrorism against the Co- ignated foreign terrorist organizations in Co- resentatives that the Secretary of State lombian Government, its democratic

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.057 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H711 institutions, and its civilian popu- for his enormous contributions to this Complicating matters, there are rea- lation. effort. sons to doubt the commitment of some In fact, in the past 5 weeks or so, Mr. Speaker, Colombia has entered a of Colombia’s political and economic there have been more than 120 separate new and brutal phase in its history. elite to sacrifice for the war effort. For terrorist attacks committed by the The Revolutionary Armed Forces of example, currently Colombian law ex- FARC, including numerous bombings, Colombia and the United Self-Defense cludes high school graduates, meaning the kidnapping of a presidential can- Forces of Colombia, better known by all but the poor, from serving in com- didate, and a foiled attempt to destroy their Spanish acronyms, the FARC and bat units. I think that is an outrage. the city of Bogota’s principal water the AUC respectively, and other illegal Furthermore, U.S. policy toward Co- reservoir. paramilitary groups have launched un- lombia should include more than coun- Colombia’s elected representatives precedented campaigns of terror ternarcotics and, potentially, have been targeted by these terrorists. against the people and the democrat- counterterrorism support. Colombia’s Seven members of the Colombian Con- ically elected Government of Colombia. long-running war is deeply rooted in gress have been killed in the past 4 I strongly deplore these criminal acts historical, social, and economic causes years. This past weekend, yet another of murder, abduction, and extortion that must also be addressed if any sus- legislator, Senator Martha Catalina that the terrorist organizations have tainable peace is to be achieved. Here, Daniel, was tortured and murdered. inflicted upon the people of Colombia dramatic expansion of support to the The FARC and the paramilitary and which the resolution and the gen- provision of basic services to the Co- forces are destabilizing democracy in tleman from Illinois (Mr. HYDE) so lombian people, but particularly in the Colombia. Legislative elections are richly describe. I wish to extend our long neglected rural areas, is abso- this month. Presidential elections are friendship and our support to President lutely paramount. in May. Colombia is calling on the Pastrana and his administration as Mr. Speaker, Colombia and U.S. pol- United States for help in defending they confront this menace. icy toward that country is at a cross- itself against terrorism by providing Mr. Speaker, the resolution also calls roads. How we choose to help the peo- intelligence-sharing, spare parts for upon the President to submit his legis- ple of Colombia confront not only ter- equipment, and the unburdening of re- lative proposals for addressing the cri- rorism but its sources as well will de- strictions on equipment currently sis in Colombia to Congress for our termine the quality of the lasting being used in counter-narcotics oper- consideration and deliberation. Let me peace we hope will be able to help them ations. The administration has decided be clear with regard to this point. build in the region. I urge all my col- to move forward to respond to some of While I appreciate the horror of the leagues to support this resolution. vile acts which the FARC and the AUC these concerns. The administration Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of are committing almost on a daily basis must now quickly complete this policy my time. in Colombia, I believe that any sub- review and work with Congress to help Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, I stantial change in U.S. policy toward Colombia save itself from terrorism. yield myself 3 minutes. The global war against terrorism is Colombia must occur only after we in Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this our administration’s highest priority. Congress have had an opportunity to resolution. The gentleman from Massa- We are training troops in the Phil- add our voices and our concerns. chusetts (Mr. DELAHUNT) and I have ippines, the former Soviet Republic of Thus, while we have not made any ul- been to Colombia many times on many Georgia, and Yemen all in the name of timate conclusions on how to assist the occasions since I became chairman of fighting this global war. However, in Colombian Government better to deal the Subcommittee on Western Hemi- the meantime, a conflagration is burn- with terrorism and narcotics, we cer- sphere. I have seen a terrible situation ing at the foot of the land bridge that tainly look forward to an active and unfold in that troubled nation. On my joins North and South America. spirited debate on this floor. It is imperative that we recognize the Mr. Speaker, I believe that future last trip in January, we met with dire consequences of inaction in this U.S. policy toward Colombia should be President Andres Pastrana as he was horrific situation, not just for Colom- conditioned upon the Government of forced to issue an ultimatum to the bians, but for the rest of the hemi- Colombia dealing with two very stub- FARC in a last-ditch effort to get them sphere. It is time to help the Colom- born issues: first, the Colombian Gov- to come back to the negotiating table. bian people defend themselves. As a ernment must decisively break all No one has done more to hold the major defender of democracy, we must links with illegal paramilitary organi- door open to a negotiated, political so- try to bolster it wherever we see it se- zations, and it must launch a serious lution to end the violence in Colombia riously threatened, especially in our effort to combat them. According to than President Pastrana. His persever- own hemisphere. Passing this resolu- the Colombian Commission of Jurists ance and forbearance have made one tion is an important first step. I urge and international human rights groups, thing clear: it is the FARC’s willful my colleagues to join me in supporting the paramilitaries account for over 75 disregard for the rule of law and human this measure. percent of all concombatant killings in rights that led President Pastrana to Mr. Speaker, I yield the balance of Colombia. The just-released human make the decision to end the safe my time to the gentleman from North rights report of our State Department haven and send in Colombia’s security Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER) and ask echoes this fact and states: ‘‘Members forces to reestablish legitimate govern- unanimous consent that he be per- of the security forces sometimes ille- ment authority. mitted to control that time. gally collaborated with paramilitary Colombia today is a nation under The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. forces last year.’’ This link must be siege by three terrorist organizations. LAHOOD). Is there objection to the re- completely severed. Two of these terrorist organizations, quest of the gentleman from Illinois? Second, the Government of Colombia the FARC and the ELN, have kid- There was no objection. must dramatically increase its own napped over 50 Americans and mur- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield contribution to both the war and the dered at least 10 Americans. The third, myself such time as I may consume. peace effort. By most estimates, the the United Self-Defense Forces of Co- Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support army would need to at least triple in lombia, is a vicious, violent terrorist of this resolution. I commend the gen- size to take on the FARC and the AUC organization that indiscriminately tleman from Illinois (Mr. HYDE), the effectively. Currently, the Colombian murders Colombians. Individuals who chairman of the Committee on Inter- Army has about 130,000 members, but aid those terrorists dishonor and dis- national Relations, for bringing forth only 40,000 of them can be deployed credit themselves and the institutions this measure in such a calibrated and into battle. The rest are at desk jobs or that they represent. thoughtful fashion. I would also like to tied down to guarding static infra- All three of these terrorist groups express my appreciation to our col- structure like pipelines and power have been designated by the Secretary league on the Committee on Inter- lines. The United States cannot fill of State as foreign terrorist organiza- national Relations, the gentleman this need alone, and we would be fool- tions because it has been determined from Massachusetts (Mr. DELAHUNT), ish to try. that they are a threat to our Nation’s

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.059 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H712 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 security. Terrorism in Colombia is fi- which is the largest party to this con- Unbelievably, these paramilitary nanced by illegal trafficking in nar- flict. groups rationalize their acts of ter- cotics that kill and destroy the lives of I left, hopeful that the FARC was rorism as what is needed to fight the our young people in the United States. genuinely serious about the search for guerillas. They say they traffic in The FARC has, in essence, declared peace. They claimed that they were drugs only to support that fight. They war on the Colombian people. This prepared to work to create a new Co- say that what they really want is group is attacking Colombia’s demo- lombia that would embrace social and peace. They even claim that they are cratic institutions. Five Colombian economic justice and bring peace to a the Northern Alliance of Colombia, legislators are being held hostage by population exhausted by violence. ready to help the United States fight the FARC. The FARC has been attack- Sadly, they have proven they were the FARC. ing the infrastructure. It attacks po- not serious. At great political cost, They are not Colombia’s Northern lice stations with propane gas cylinder President Pastrana gave the FARC Alliance. They are Colombia’s al mortars that indiscriminately kill in- every opportunity to prove their good Qaeda. nocent people. faith. But they, the FARC, could not Let us be clear. There is no place for The Colombian Government is con- summon the political resolve, the will, an AUC in a democracy. In a demo- tinuing its efforts to negotiate a peace the courage, if you may, to choose cratic society, it is the exclusive role agreement with the ELN, and we peace. Sadly, they were not serious. of the armed forces and the police, should support those efforts. From an insurgency that once based working under the legitimate govern- It is time, however, that we reassess its legitimacy on a promise of social ment, to maintain public order, to de- our policy towards Colombia. This res- and economic justice for all Colom- fend the nation, and protect individual olution expresses the sense of the bians, the FARC have degenerated into civil liberties. And there is a legiti- House that the President, without criminal syndicates that traffic in mate government in Colombia duly undue delay, should transmit to Con- drugs, that extort, that kidnap and elected by the Colombian people. The gress for its consideration proposed that murder civilians. The FARC have AUC are not the answer to Colombia’s legislation, consistent with United failed to meet the challenge of peace. problems. In a very real way, the AUC States law regarding protection of They have failed the Colombian people. are cooperating with the FARC and the human rights, to assist the Govern- So now I share what I know to be the ELN in sending Colombia into chaos ment of Colombia protect its democ- profound disappointment felt by Presi- and more bloodshed. racy from United States-designated dent Pastrana and the people of Colom- We know what the FARC’s position foreign terrorist organizations and the bia. is. We have learned it the hard way. scourge of illicit narcotics. But, fortunately, the peace process Now it is very important for us to be We cannot afford to fail to help the with the ELN is still continuing. Like clear with both the ELN and the AUC. people of Colombia in their darkest the FARC, the ELN claim to want to Let me say to them, now is the time to hour. Colombia is a democracy and an address the social inequities that are reveal your true selves, to show the ally of the United States, and it is at the root of the conflict. But the ELN world what you really want for your under attack by terrorist organizations have actually proposed how to do that; nation. You say you want peace. You funded by illegal drugs. Colombia is and, at least at this point in time, they put it on your websites. You make not asking us to send troops. The appear to have the will to make peace. these public statements. Prove it. De- democratically elected Government of However, tragically, even while negoti- clare an immediate, unilateral cease- Colombia is asking that we make it ating, the ELN also continue their fire and an immediate suspension of all possible for us to help them defend armed campaign of kidnapping and criminal activities. Lay down your their democracy from these terrorists. sabotage. arms. You can do it today. Now. I urge my colleagues to join me in sup- But what disturbs me most pro- That way, the Colombian military porting this reasonable, bipartisan res- foundly is the recent rapid growth of can concentrate its efforts on the olution. right-wing paramilitary groups, com- FARC; and the world can see that the Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield monly referred to as the AUC. They other parties to the conflict are willing such time as he may consume to the commit more than 70 percent of the to act for peace, not just talk about it. gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. massacres in the course of the Colom- So Senor Gabino, who is the leader of DELAHUNT), who has worked tirelessly bian conflict, and their brutality the ELN, and Carlos Castano, the lead- on this issue and is one of the nation- knows no bounds of human decency. er of the AUC, now is the time, now, to ally recognized authorities on Colom- Their leadership readily admits to de- decide which side you are on. Are you bia. riving most of their funding from drug with the Colombian people who des- trafficking. Klaus Nyholm, the head of perately want to end 40 years of hor- 1345 b the U.N. drug control program in Co- ror? Or are you with those who would Mr. DELAHUNT. I thank the gen- lombia, says that they are substan- drown your nation in the blood of its tleman for his generous words and for tially more involved in the drug trade own citizens? yielding me this time. than the FARC. This resolution today makes clear Mr. Speaker, as others have alluded Most significantly for U.S. policy, which side the United States is on. to, almost 4 years ago, President An- the AUC, as mentioned by the gen- This is just the beginning of our de- dres Pastrana embarked on what was tleman from California, the ranking bate. We still must have an extensive truly a courageous effort to bring member, have extensive links with the review, including hearings, on the de- peace to his nation. He began negotia- Colombian military, according to our tails of any U.S. assistance, just as tions with the FARC and the ELN, the own Department of State report that there should be a peaceful debate in- country’s two main guerilla groups. He was issued this week. That explains the side Colombia on how to address that did so because he realized that, after reluctance of so many of us in this country’s very real problems, particu- almost 40 years of conflict, a nego- body to provide unconditional military larly its glaring social and economic tiated agreement was the only answer assistance to the Colombian armed inequities. to end the violence. forces. But there should be no doubt as to These efforts focused world attention While President Pastrana and Colom- which side the United States is on. We on Colombia. For the first time, the bian armed forces chief Fernando are with the Colombian people. international community was brought Tapias deserve credit for taking steps Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, I directly into the negotiations. Hope to professionalize the military, unfor- yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from prevailed that the brutal violence that tunately, far too many of these unsa- Nebraska (Mr. OSBORNE). has plagued that nation for decades vory links remain. Until all relation- Mr. OSBORNE. Mr. Speaker, 6 weeks would at long last end. I shared that ships, at every level, between the mili- ago, I went with members of the Com- hope. At President Pastrana’s request, tary and the AUC are ended, the U.S. mittee on Agriculture to Colombia. We I myself went to the so-called demili- can and should condition its assist- were fortunate enough to have dinner tarized zone. I met with the FARC, ance. one evening with President Pastrana at

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.061 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H713 his version of Camp David, which is in very strongly that Congress should not b 1400 Cartagena. During that evening, we rush to signal support that would in- Now, in my view, Mr. Speaker, this were able to get well acquainted. He crease our involvement in Colombia’s resolution wants to give a green light described his being kidnapped by gue- escalating civil war. to involve the U.S. more deeply and di- rillas a few years ago and all that he The Colombian civil war has been rectly in Colombia’s escalating civil went through and the general lay of going on for nearly 40 years. The armed war, and I simply cannot support this. the land down there and his struggles actors remain nearly unchanged. Left- I have high regard for the gentleman with the FARC and the ELN and the ist guerilla groups battle the Colom- from Illinois (Chairman HYDE); the AUC. bian army for control of the territory, ranking member, the gentleman from In the progress of that evening, what while right-wing paramilitaries in- California (Mr. LANTOS); and the gen- we learned is that there are roughly crease their own involvement in the tleman from North Carolina (Chairman 600,000 acres of coca plants under cul- war and violence against civilians. All BALLENGER). These Members have done tivation in the country of Colombia. of these armed actors, including the a great deal to focus attention on This allows them to provide roughly 90 Colombian military, have been in- human rights challenges in Latin percent of the cocaine that comes into volved in drug trafficking. All have a America. But I must dissent, and I urge the United States. As a result, FARC history of human rights abuses. Human my colleagues to join with me in op- and these other vigilante groups are rights groups continue to document posing this resolution. very well funded. I would imagine that the close ties between the Colombian Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, I their funding may exceed that of other army and the paramilitaries who com- yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from legitimate enterprises within the coun- mit the majority of human rights Arizona (Mr. KOLBE). try of Colombia. And so the people in abuses in Colombia. Mr. KOLBE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the Colombia have paid a great price. Colombia is hardly a new front in the gentleman for yielding me time. Last year, we were told that 29,000 ci- war on terrorism. Terrible acts of ter- Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support vilians lost their lives in this conflict. ror, assassinations, kidnappings, bomb- of House Resolution 358, which ex- They are caught in between the various ings and disappearances, are part and presses support for the Government of groups. In many cases, they have no parcel of their 40-year civil war. But Colombia. place to go and no place to hide. As has Colombia is not part of the inter- There were many in Colombia that been mentioned earlier, seven members nationally supported campaign to dis- criticized President Pastrana for mak- of Congress have been killed in the last mantle and destroy al Qaeda and other ing the peace process a priority above 4 years, and five lawmakers are cur- international terrorist networks. almost any other issue that faced the rently hostages in that country. So let us not hide behind euphe- Colombian people, but none I think So the present negotiations, or the misms. A so-called war on terrorism in would criticize the commitment that negotiations that have gone on for the Colombia is simply a set of code words he made to bringing peace to that trou- last 3 or 4 years, have broken down and to become even more deeply engaged in bled country. Now, rightly, in my opin- now Colombia is basically under a a counterinsurgency war that has been ion, he has called off the negotiations. reign of terror, where some of the going on for nearly 40 years. He has moved troops into the demili- things that we have seen around the Mr. Speaker, I have been a strong tarized zone. He is facing a long strug- world are now being perpetrated on the supporter of President Pastrana, but gle against a renewed urban terrorism Colombian people. We have seen the message we send today will be campaign that is targeting the coun- bridges blown up, water supplies such heard and acted upon more by his suc- try’s most important infrastructure as- as in Bogota have been damaged and cessor when elections take place in the sets. threatened. coming months. The leading presi- But we are proceeding as nothing has So it appears at this time that the dential candidate has long rejected any changed, as if Colombia is only fight- only solution is that the United States type of negotiations process, and he ing a counternarcotics war. I believe provide help. We already have provided has the support of the right-wing para- we have to face several realities and quite a bit. But the big issue is heli- military groups, the very groups we counter with a clear U.S. policy in re- copters, because the pilots that are rightly are condemning today. sponse. doing the spraying of the coca to try to In my opinion, Mr. Speaker, our cur- The aggressive timetable that Plan eliminate it are certainly under a great rent policy in Colombia has been a fail- Colombia was to follow, eradicating deal of duress. ure. It has not stemmed the production coca, providing alternative develop- So we need also some commitment of coca. It has not provided peasant ment, cannot be adhered to during a from Colombia, but they need our aid. farmers with alternatives to growing full scale war with the FARC and the Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am de- coca. It has not lessened the number of paramilitaries. The alternative devel- lighted to yield 4 minutes to the gen- internally displaced people. It has not opment plans were already failing from tleman from Massachusetts (Mr. broken the ties between the Colombian a lack of basic security for non-govern- MCGOVERN), an indefatigable fighter army and the paramilitaries. It has not mental organization workers and for social justice in the hemisphere. decreased the number of civilians who transport of alternative commodities, Mr. MCGOVERN. I thank the gen- are victims of human rights abuses and thereby putting the entire program at tleman for yielding me this time and violence. And it has not promoted the risk. appreciate all his work on behalf of administration of justice. It is true that Colombia is a source of human rights. The current attorney general, unlike 90 percent of the cocaine in the United Mr. Speaker, I rise to oppose this res- his predecessors, is not an advocate for States; but conversely, the United olution. I want to be very clear about human rights. He has dismissed or States is Colombia’s largest trading my concerns regarding this bill and the stopped investigations on many of the partner of legal industries. As such, it critical crossroads confronting U.S. cases involving high-level military and is in the interest of the United States policy in Colombia. government officials. As a result, most to promote better stability in Colom- Like every Member of this House, I of the key officers and prosecutors in bia by helping it to address these long- support the democratically elected the Justice Ministry responsible for in- standing approximate and more recent government of Colombia. I have met vestigating and prosecuting human escalations. with President Pastrana, including in rights and corruption cases have re- I might remind my colleagues in the Colombia, and I am a strong supporter signed or been forced out of office. other body that of all the requests of his efforts for social and economic For our part, Mr. Speaker, and I say from the Government of Colombia, at reform. Having traveled to Colombia, I this sadly, the United States dem- the top of their list is the renewal of know how very complex the society onstrates its commitment to human the Andean Trade Pact. and the conflict are. I have seen the rights by consistently waiving the con- Because it shares borders with five harm done to the Colombian people by ditions on our aid every 6 months be- other countries, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, the guerillas, by paramilitary groups cause the Colombian military con- Panama, Venezuela, Colombia’s insta- and by the Colombian army. I believe tinues to fail to comply. bility is a threat to regional stability.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.063 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H714 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 While only 3 percent of U.S. oil con- train them and we stand shoulder to from these narcoterrorists and right wing sumed comes from Colombia, 14 per- shoulder next to them in the fight. The paramilitaries all financed with the illicit drug cent comes from neighboring Ven- police antinarcotics unit is a case of trade and all engaged in terrorism per our own ezuela. Oil imports from South Amer- study for engagement. U.S. State Department. ica play a vital role in our strategy to Absent a new U.S. policy, the right- While our Nation is engaged in fighting glob- diversify the sources of U.S. oil. wing paramilitaries will fill the void in al terrorism in Afghanistan, Yemen, Georgia, The Colombian economy has faced a Colombia, and the human rights of no and the Philippines, we still maintain the fiction number of economic shocks that have one, especially civilians, will be safe. that the battle in Colombia in our nearby limited its ability to contribute to We can stay on the sidelines or help neighborhood is only about illicit drugs, and Plan Colombia and the defense of its our neighbor. The answer is clear, espe- our aid has been limited to counternarcotics own people. Oil pipelines have been cially since September 11. We need to We have maintained the fiction of counter- bombed, the price of oil has fallen, the fight global terrorism whenever and narcotics aid only for Colombia long enough. price of coffee has fallen, foreign in- wherever it raises its ugly head. The same people who kidnap, blow up pipe- vestment in Colombia has fallen. The Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to lines, and who kill Americans trade in illicit internal shocks are only going to be express my opposition to this resolution on drugs to finance their other criminal and ter- made worse by the escalation of war. Colombia. I am troubled as to why we are vot- rorist activities. Only our State Department Colombians have traditionally shown ing on this resolution today. It concerns me maintains the drugs only fiction, on the ground a long-term tolerance for violence, but that the purpose of this resolution is for the the reality was different and the Colombian this is changing; and we can see evi- Congress to give this administration the green democracy slipped further and further away. dence of this in the popularity of presi- light to become more heavily involved in the This resolution calls for our administration to dential candidates in Colombia that civil war in Columbia. take off its rose color glasses that President strongly support countering the FARC I have the utmost respect for President Pastrana and our State Department wore for guerillas. Pastrana, but at the same time I am not in far too long and let Colombian democracy slip The deteriorating economic condi- favor of expanding our involvement in Colum- away. It is time we get serious and fight ter- tions not only have threatened the Co- bia by using our response to the terrorism rorism and the illicit drugs that finances it in lombian Government’s commitment to threat after September 11 as a justification to Colombia and threatens American national in- Plan Colombia, but the worsening un- participate in Columbia’s civil war. The FARC terests in our very back yard. employment only encourages the nar- might be on the terrorist list, but the reasons Protecting pipelines from terrorist attacks is cotics industry in Colombia. It has be- that have been given for our involvement in but one way to help Colombia. It is not come a vicious cycle. enough for a Colombian policy and as the Bob I would urge my colleagues to recog- Colombia have been counternarcotics and not Novak column noted this week, it is a sorry nize the changed situation in Colombia counterterrorism. I do not want to erase this excuse for a real antiinsurgency strategy in and that we must respond by clarifying important distinction. Mr. Speaker, I read the Spanish press, and Colombia. We need to do more. U.S. policy. Let us begin an open de- let me assure you that in Latin America and in We must help the Colombian police antikid- bate about our role in Colombia and my congressional district the support does not naping unites with helicopters to rescue vic- not rely on State Department lawyers exist for having the United States exert its mili- tims, including Americans in the often hard to to look for loopholes in current law. tary power in Columbia. There are atrocities reach terrain. We ought to also restore the This resolution begins that debate, and committed on all sides of this conflict. clarity we need by giving the anti-drug mission I urge my colleagues to vote in favor of Today, Secretary Powell testified before the in Colombia mainly to the excellent antidrug the resolution. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary Sub- police, who have a stellar human rights myself such time as I may consume. committee, on which I am the ranking mem- record. Mr. Speaker, I strongly urge all of ber, and I told him that I understand that drug Our assistance to the Colombian military my colleagues to support this carefully trafficking is a problem in Columbia, but that should be antiterrorist assistance, and not op- crafted and balanced resolution. has never before been a reason to send erate under the failed antidrug fiction of the Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance American troops. Let me be clear that the new past. Let us bear in mind that no one here, of my time. threat of terrorism is not and never should be nor anyone in Colombia has ever asked for, or Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, I a reason to change our policy toward Colum- called for American combat troops for Colom- yield myself such time as I may con- bia. bia. sume. Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I move to strike The Colombians want and deserve the Mr. Speaker, I would like to note the the last word in support of the bipartisan reso- equipment and training they need to defend Colombian Army has made progress in lution on Colombia and the need for a change themselves and their democracy from the ter- this area, and, while not perfect, no in our policy, now before the House. rorist threat at their and at our door. one is. At least they are trying and While, I have long followed events in Co- Accordingly, I urge support for this resolu- have made good progress. lombia, I long gave the benefit of the doubt to tion. I also note that an alternative to a the Pastrana administration in Colombia with Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ex- well-trained and respectful Colombian its protracted negotiations and its Switzerland press my support and solidarity with the peo- Army is the AUC, and that right-wing sized DMZ safe haven provided the FARC, ple of Columbia in their pursuit of stability and paramilitary respects no one’s rights, that naivete has finally ended, hopefully not peace. Along with my colleagues, I condemn engages in terrorism, illicit drugs, and too late. the horrible violence that has been inflicted on kills innocent civilians. The FARC has attacked cities, towns, police the Columbian people by the AUC, ELN, and No one here is proposing that we re- stations, bridges, dams, and power lines all the FARC. But, I cannot in good faith support peal the Leahy amendment that pro- across Colombia since the peace talks ended a resolution that expresses praise to Columbia hibits aid to the units of Colombian last month. Let there be no mistake, the FARC for improving it’s human rights record, when in military that engage in human rights are terrorists, and I have been financed by il- fact it has eroded. abuses. Leahy is existing law. The licit drug proceeds. Many Member of Congress have joined me Leahy restriction will remain law and Along with their ELN terrorist friends in the in expressing their profound concern to the has my strong support, and human last 10 years, the FARC and ELN have kid- Columbian Government over the many mur- rights concerns will not be thrown out naped 50 Americans in Colombia and killed at ders of trade union leaders that have gone the window in a new Colombian policy. least 10 of them. Their trade in illicit drugs without investigation or prosecution. The I also note the counter-drug aid that help take numerous American lives here at scourge of murders of trade unionists in Co- we provided to the Colombian police, home as well from their illicit drugs. For exam- lumbia is the highest in the world, thereby their antinarcotics unit, has been de- ple, it is noted that the DMZ, now abandoned making Columbia notorious as the most dan- livered and used in the last 2 years in Colombia, was loaded with opium growth gerous place in the world to be a union mem- without even one allegation of a for heroin production eventually destined for ber. The government of Columbia has over human rights abuse; I repeat, not even American streets and communities. and over again demonstrated their unwilling- one allegation. Bogota, the capital of Colombia, is only 3 ness to pursue prosecution of these attacks The Colombians can and will respect hours from Miami, and the beleaguered demo- on organized labor. Columbia’s de facto immu- human rights if we help them and we cratic nation of Colombia is up against the wall nity extended to these assassins has been

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.064 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H715 clearly condemned by the International Labor terrorist organization that targeted the United apart in a violent war between their govern- Organization, United Nations Human Rights States last September. As ruthless and violent ment and various rebel factions. Commission, Amnesty International, and our as the three rebel groups in Colombia no Despite the best efforts of President own Department of State. doubt are, their struggle for power in that Pastrana, the murder and kidnapping of Co- Columbia can drastically reduce the vio- country is an internal one. None of the three lombian citizens, government officials, and lence against trade unionists. It begins with ef- appears to have any intention of carrying out even American visitors have increased. His ef- fectively halting the impunity enjoyed by these terrorist activities in the United States. Should forts to reach a peaceful settlement have been perpetrators, many of which have credible ties we become involved in a civil war against rejected by the rebel groups. to the military and police. Columbia must ag- them, however, these organizations may well Mr. Speaker, the United States has made a gressively prosecute these criminals and re- begin to view the United States as a legitimate commitment to addressing the root cause of store its people’s confidence in justice. target. What possible reason could there be these problems in Colombia—the drug trade. Mr. Speaker, this resolution fall short in con- for us to take on such a deadly risk? What Through Plan Colombia we are working with demning the impunity enjoyed by human rights possible rewards could there be for the United our Andean allies to destroy drug production violators and the violence perpetrated against States support for one faction or the other in and interrupt drug traffic. all levels of society, including organized labor. this civil war? Our assistance will help Colombia’s Govern- Many of my fellow Members have actively en- As with much of our interventionism, if you ment lead the country and, eventually, end gaged the Columbian Government with these scratch the surface of the high-sounding calls drug production and stabilize the Andean re- concerns but without success. Passing a reso- to ‘‘protect democracy’’ and ‘‘stop drug traf- gion. lution basically congratulating Columbia on im- ficking’’ you often find commercial interests As Colombia continues working to secure proving its human rights record is wrong and driving U.S. foreign policy. This also appears lasting peace, the United States should con- counterproductive. to be the case in Colombia. And like Afghani- tinue to offer support and assistance. It is my hope that Columbia will choose to stan, Kosovo, Iraq, and elsewhere, that com- This resolution is an important expression of aggressively improve it’s human rights record, mercial interest appears to be related to oil that support, and I urge my colleagues to vote so in the future we may pass a similar resolu- The U.S. administration request for FY 2003 for it. tion, with unanimous consent. includes a request for an additional $98 million Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, I Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, as a member of the to help protect the Cano-Limon Pipeline—joint- have no further requests for time, and House International Relations Committee and ly owned by the Colombian Government and I yield back the balance of my time. the Subcommittee on the Western Hemi- Occidental Petroleum. Rebels have been The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. sphere, I would like to state my strong objec- blowing up parts of the pipeline and the result- SIMPSON). The question is on the mo- tions to the manner in which this piece of leg- ing disruption of the flow of oil is costing Occi- tion offered by the gentleman from Illi- islation was raised. I was only made aware of dental Petroleum and the Colombian Govern- nois (Mr. HYDE) that the House suspend the existence of this legislation this morning, ment more than half a billion dollars per year. the rules and agree to the resolution, just a couple of hours before I was expected Now the administration wants the American H.Res. 358. to vote on it. There was no committee markup taxpayer to finance the equipping and training The question was taken; and (two- of the legislation, nor was there any notice of a security force to protect the pipeline, thirds having voted in favor thereof) that this legislation would appear on today’s which much of the training coming from the the rules were suspended and the reso- suspension calendar. U.S. military. Since when is it the responsibility lution was agreed to. This legislation represents a very serious of the American citizen to subsidize risky in- A motion to reconsider was laid on and significant shift in United States policy to- vestments made by private companies in for- the table. ward Colombia. It sets us on a slippery slope eign countries? And since when is it the duty f toward unwise military intervention in a foreign of American service men and women to lay civil war that has nothing to do with the United their lives on the line for these commercial in- CONGRATULATING THE UNITED States. terests? STATES MILITARY ACADEMY AT Our policy toward Colombia was already ill- Further intervention in the internal political WEST POINT ON ITS BICENTEN- advised when it consisted of an expensive and military affairs of Colombia will only in- NIAL ANNIVERSARY front in our failed ‘‘war on drugs.’’ Plan Colom- crease the mistrust and anger of the average The SPEAKER pro tempore. The bia, launched nearly 2 years ago, sent $1.3 Colombian citizen toward the United States, pending business is the question of sus- billion to Colombia under the guise of this war as these citizens will face the prospect of an pending the rules and passing the Sen- on drugs. A majority of that went to the Co- ongoing, United States-supported war in their ate joint resolution, S.J. Res. 32. lombian military; much was no doubt lost country. Already Plan Colombia has fueled the The Clerk read the title of the Senate through corruption. Though this massive as- deep resentment of Colombian farmers toward joint resolution. sistance program was supposed to put an end the United States. These farmers have seen The SPEAKER pro tempore. The to the FARC and other rebel groups involved their legitimate crops destroyed, water supply question is on the motion offered by in drug trafficking, 2 years later we are now polluted, and families sprayed as powerful her- the gentleman from New York (Mr. being told—in this legislation and elsewhere— bicides miss their intended marks. An esca- MCHUGH) that the House suspend the that the FARC and rebel groups are stronger lation of American involvement will only make rules and pass the Senate joint resolu- than ever. So now we are being asked to pro- matters worse. tion, S.J. Res. 32, on which the yeas vide even more assistance in an effort that Mr. Speaker, at this critical time, our pre- and nays are ordered. seems to have had a result the opposite of cious military and financial resources must not The vote was taken by electronic de- what was intended. In effect, we are being be diverted to a conflict that has nothing to do vice, and there were—yeas 407, nays 1, asked to redouble failed efforts. That doesn’t with the United States and poses no threat to not voting 26, as follows: make sense. the United States. Trying to designate in- At the time Plan Colombia was introduced, creased military involvement in Colombia as a [Roll No. 50] President Clinton promised the American peo- new front on the ‘‘war on terror’’ makes no YEAS—407 ple that this action would in no way drag us sense at all. It will only draw the United States Abercrombie Bartlett Bono into the Colombian civil war. This current leg- Ackerman Barton Boozman into a quagmire much like Vietnam. The Co- Aderholt Bass Borski islation takes a bad policy and makes it much lombian civil war is now in its fourth decade; Akin Becerra Boswell worse. This legislation calls for the United pretending that the fighting there is somehow Allen Bereuter Boucher States ‘‘to assist the Government of Colombia related to our international war on terrorism is Andrews Berkley Boyd Armey Berman Brady (PA) protect its democracy from United States-des- to stretch the imagination to the breaking Baca Berry Brady (TX) ignated foreign terrorist organizations . . . ’’ In point. It is unwise and dangerous. Bachus Biggert Brown (FL) other words, this legislation elevates a civil Mrs. TAUSCHER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to ex- Baird Bilirakis Brown (OH) war in Colombia to the level of the inter- press my support for the people of Colombia Baker Bishop Brown (SC) Baldacci Blumenauer Bryant national war on terror, and it will drag us deep and ask my colleagues to support this resolu- Baldwin Blunt Burr into the conflict. tion. Ballenger Boehlert Burton Mr. Speaker, there is a world of difference The people of Colombia have suffered Barcia Boehner Buyer between a rebel group fighting a civil war in a through years of violence, deprivation, and Barr Bonilla Callahan Barrett Bonior Camp foreign country and the kind of international discord. They have seen their country torn

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:12 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR7.028 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H716 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 Cannon Hastings (FL) Meeks (NY) Smith (MI) Taylor (MS) Vitter nounced policy of January 3, 2001, and Cantor Hastings (WA) Menendez Smith (NJ) Taylor (NC) Walden Capito Hayes Mica Smith (TX) Terry Walsh under a previous order of the House, Capps Hayworth Miller, Dan Smith (WA) Thomas Wamp the following Members will be recog- Capuano Hefley Miller, Gary Snyder Thompson (CA) Watkins (OK) nized for 5 minutes each. Cardin Herger Miller, George Souder Thompson (MS) Watt (NC) Carson (IN) Hill Mink Spratt Thornberry Watts (OK) f Carson (OK) Hilleary Mollohan Stark Thune Waxman The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Castle Hilliard Moore Stearns Thurman Weiner previous order of the House, the gen- Chabot Hinchey Moran (KS) Stenholm Tiahrt Weldon (FL) IPINSKI Chambliss Hinojosa Moran (VA) Strickland Tiberi Weldon (PA) tleman from Illinois (Mr. L ) is Clay Hobson Morella Stump Tierney Weller recognized for 5 minutes. Clayton Hoeffel Murtha Stupak Toomey Whitfield (Mr. LIPINSKI addressed the House. Clement Hoekstra Myrick Sullivan Towns Wicker His remarks will appear hereafter in Clyburn Holden Nadler Sununu Turner Wilson (SC) Coble Holt Neal Sweeney Udall (CO) Wolf the Extensions of Remarks.) Collins Honda Nethercutt Tancredo Udall (NM) Wu f Tanner Upton Wynn Combest Hooley Ney The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Cooksey Horn Northup Tauscher Velazquez Young (AK) Costello Hostettler Norwood Tauzin Visclosky Young (FL) previous order of the House, the gen- Cox Houghton Nussle NAYS—1 tleman from Iowa (Mr. GANSKE) is rec- Coyne Hoyer Oberstar ognized for 5 minutes. Conyers Cramer Hulshof Obey (Mr. GANSKE addressed the House. Crane Hunter Olver NOT VOTING—26 Crenshaw Inslee Ortiz His remarks will appear hereafter in Crowley Isakson Osborne Bentsen Kilpatrick Sanchez the Extensions of Remarks.) Culberson Israel Ose Blagojevich Lee Sanders Cummings Issa Otter Calvert Lewis (CA) Solis f Cunningham Istook Owens Condit Lofgren Traficant CEASEFIRE BETWEEN THE SRI Davis (CA) Jackson (IL) Oxley Cubin Millender- Waters Davis (FL) Jackson-Lee Pallone Dooley McDonald Watson (CA) LANKAN GOVERNMENT AND THE Davis (IL) (TX) Pascrell Doolittle Miller, Jeff Wexler LTTE Davis, Jo Ann Jefferson Pastor Filner Napolitano Wilson (NM) Davis, Tom Jenkins Paul Hyde Roybal-Allard Woolsey The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Deal John Payne previous order of the House, the gen- 1450 DeFazio Johnson (CT) Pelosi b tleman from New Jersey (Mr. PALLONE) DeGette Johnson (IL) Pence Mr. TERRY and Mr. CROWLEY is recognized for 5 minutes. Delahunt Johnson, E. B. Peterson (MN) DeLauro Johnson, Sam Peterson (PA) changed their vote from ‘‘nay’’ to Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I come DeLay Jones (NC) Petri ‘‘yea.’’ to the House floor this evening to bring DeMint Jones (OH) Phelps So the Senate joint resolution was to the attention of my colleagues a his- Deutsch Kanjorski Pickering passed. Diaz-Balart Kaptur Pitts toric peace initiative between the Sri Dicks Keller Platts The result of the vote was announced Lankan Government and the LTTE. Dingell Kelly Pombo as above recorded. On February 22, 2002, the Prime Min- Doggett Kennedy (MN) Pomeroy A motion to reconsider was laid on ister of Sri Lanka, the Honorable Doyle Kennedy (RI) Portman Dreier Kerns Price (NC) the table. Wickremesinghe, and the leader of the Duncan Kildee Pryce (OH) Stated for: LTTE, Mr. Prabhakaran, signed an Dunn Kind (WI) Putnam Ms. SOLIS. Mr. Speaker, during rollcall vote agreement that established a long-term Edwards King (NY) Quinn No. 50 on congratulating the United States cease fire by both sides that signifies Ehlers Kingston Radanovich Ehrlich Kirk Rahall Military Academy at West Point I was unavoid- the beginning of peace talks and, sim- Emerson Kleczka Ramstad ably detained. Had I been present, I would ply, a new era of peace for war-torn Sri Engel Knollenberg Rangel have voted ‘‘yea.’’ Lanka. English Kolbe Regula Eshoo Kucinich Rehberg Mr. FILNER. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. 50, For nearly 2 decades now, there has Etheridge LaFalce Reyes I was conducting official business in my San been a civil war taking place between Evans LaHood Reynolds Diego, California district. Had I been present, the Government of Sri Lanka and the Everett Lampson Riley I would have voted ‘‘yea.’’ LTTE, one of the world’s most dan- Farr Langevin Rivers Fattah Lantos Rodriguez f gerous guerilla groups. The cease fire Ferguson Larsen (WA) Roemer PERSONAL EXPLANATION was negotiated by Norway and will be Flake Larson (CT) Rogers (KY) overseen by Norway, Sweden, Finland, Ms. KILPATRICK. Mr. Speaker, due to busi- Fletcher Latham Rogers (MI) and Denmark. Foley LaTourette Rohrabacher ness in the District, I respectfully request a I am optimistic about this movement Forbes Leach Ros-Lehtinen leave of absence from legislative business Ford Levin Ross towards peace and feel the United scheduled for today, Wednesday, March 6. Fossella Lewis (GA) Rothman States should extend its support for Frank Lewis (KY) Roukema Had I been present, I would have voted ‘‘aye’’ this agreement to end years of violent Frelinghuysen Linder Royce on rollcall No. 48 on approving the Journal; Frost Lipinski Rush blood shed. Indeed, the LTTE will have ‘‘no’’ on rollcall No. 49, the motion to proceed Gallegly LoBiondo Ryan (WI) to show great will to bring an end to to the previous question during the consider- Ganske Lowey Ryun (KS) its violent attacks that have claimed Gekas Lucas (KY) Sabo ation of H. Con. Res. 275; and ‘‘aye’’ on the tens of thousands of innocent lives. Gephardt Lucas (OK) Sandlin motion to suspend the rules and pass S.J. Gibbons Luther Sawyer However, the current global situation Res. 32. Gilchrest Lynch Saxton has provided a glimpse of hope that Gillmor Maloney (CT) Schaffer f Gilman Maloney (NY) Schakowsky this cease fire will be a successful en- Gonzalez Manzullo Schiff PERSONAL EXPLANATION deavor. Goode Markey Schrock Ms. SANCHEZ. Mr. Speaker, I was attend- Mr. Speaker, since the September 11 Goodlatte Mascara Scott ing important business in my Congressional Gordon Matheson Sensenbrenner attacks, there has been a desire Goss Matsui Serrano District on March 6th, which included activities throughout the world to move away Graham McCarthy (MO) Sessions relating to the Primary election in California. from senseless violence; and clearly, we Granger McCarthy (NY) Shadegg I request that the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD began a new campaign against ter- Graves McCollum Shaw Green (TX) McCrery Shays reflect that had I been present and voting, I rorism. This new atmosphere may po- Green (WI) McDermott Sherman would have voted ‘‘yea’’ on rollcall No. 48, tentially foster improved relations be- Greenwood McGovern Sherwood ‘‘no’’ on rollcall No. 49, and ‘‘yea’’ on rollcall tween Sri Lanka and the LTTE. Addi- Grucci McHugh Shimkus No. 50. Gutierrez McInnis Shows tionally, the LTTE may have been Gutknecht McIntyre Shuster f more apt to agree to this peace agree- Hall (OH) McKeon Simmons ment since their popularity and their Hall (TX) McKinney Simpson SPECIAL ORDERS financial support was waning through Hansen McNulty Skeen Harman Meehan Skelton The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. countries that formerly favored them Hart Meek (FL) Slaughter SIMPSON). Under the Speaker’s an- or provided support.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR7.023 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H717 We see this hope for peace in Sri I am heartened by much of what has too late to save the life of Mr. Risetter, Lanka is already coming to fruition. transpired since the tragic incident. I but it is not too late to take the kind Since December, medicine, supplies am proud that local law enforcement of action which will honor his memory. and other goods are being shipped to agencies have responded swiftly and f Tamil Tiger-controlled areas. Ship- thoroughly. The police department and HONORING DEREK PARRA ment of goods to these areas has been district attorney are working closely under the control of the Sri Lankan with the community, including gay The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Government, but the controls have rights organizations, for which I am previous order of the House, the gen- been relaxed for the past several pleased and very grateful. But I also tleman from California (Mr. LEWIS) is months. believe that we must confront the ugly recognized for 5 minutes. Mr. Speaker, I should note that specter of hate crimes on a national, as Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speak- President Kumaratunga has been out- well as a local, level. er, I thank my colleagues for cooper- spoken in her criticism of the terms of Last year at this time, an important ating with me in pressing calendar cir- the cease fire. As President she has the bill was introduced in the House, the cumstances. power to suspend parliament and dis- Hate Crimes Prevention Act. This bill, I have come to the floor because I miss the government. If she is not sat- sponsored by the gentleman from will be inserting in the RECORD some isfied with certain provisions within Michigan (Mr. CONYERS), would detailed information about a young the peace agreement, the deal may be strengthen the Federal response to man from my hometown, San canceled. hate crime violence which is motivated Bernardino, California, by the name of The differences between the Presi- by race, color, religion, or national ori- Derek Parra who won, among other dent and Prime Minister must be gin. It would also expand the law to things, a gold and a silver medal at the worked out so Sri Lanka can proceed cover hate crimes committed against Winter Olympic Games, a fabulous with dealing with this deadly conflict people because of their gender, sexual young person who is an inspiration to between Sri Lanka and the LTTE. In orientation, or disability, as well as to our entire community. Not only has he any case, the Prime Minister has an- expand Federal jurisdiction to cover made a difference to our community, nounced that any peace agreement the most violent of these hate crimes. he is impacting young people across would have to be supported by a ref- As it stands now, Federal authorities the country. erendum, which ensures that the peo- cannot act on cases involving death or It is my pleasure to mention, among ple of Sri Lanka would be participating serious bodily injury based on gender, other things, as I have done some in the peace process. sexual orientation, or disability when homework on him, he is an employee of In the upcoming months, it is impor- local law enforcement is not available. Home Depot. I have learned that Home tant to watch closely how this peace Now fortunately this does not impact Depot is doing a fantastic job of help- process unfolds in Sri Lanka. The the case in Santa Barbara; but even so, ing the Olympics by having employees Prime Minister is willing to negotiate many people throughout the country who work for them have a good deal of all forms of settlement with the LTTE, are left without any chance for justice flexibility in terms of their schedule except for establishment of an inde- when their own States fail to act. and the way their jobs are funded, et pendent homeland for the Tamil com- So I am pleased that Santa Barbara cetera. has, as a community, responded with munity. b 1500 I encourage the LTTE to shed its ter- outrage and compassion to this recent They have, in a very substantial way, rorist negotiating tactics and come to event, the vicious hate crime which has demonstrated what the private sector the table with the Sri Lankan Govern- occurred there. But as a society we can do to improve our ability to effec- ment and engage in a substantive de- must continue to confront what lies at tively impact a wonderful event such bate that I hope will lead to a perma- the root of these horrendous hate as the Winter Olympic games. nent cease fire, peace in Sri Lanka, and crimes, and that is where our Federal So my hat is off to Home Depot, and greater stability throughout the South legislation comes in and why it is so I hope all my colleagues will recognize Asian region. very important. The Hate Crimes Prevention Act these good works and encourage them f would provide communities with im- across the country. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a portant prevention tools, including Mr. Speaker, the people of my hometown, previous order of the House, the gen- grants to State and local programs de- San Bernardino, were specially thrilled by the tleman from Nebraska (Mr. OSBORNE) is signed to combat hate crimes com- Olympic heroism of Derek Parra, who became recognized for 5 minutes. mitted by juveniles and training for the first Mexican-American to win a medal at (Mr. OSBORNE addressed the House. local law enforcement officers in inves- the Winter games when he took both a gold His remarks will appear hereafter in tigating, prosecuting, and preventing and silver medal in speed-skating. His story is the Extensions of Remarks.) hate crimes altogether. one of making sacrifice and working tirelessly f We cannot ignore the facts. Since to achieve his life’s dream of winning at the 1996, hate crimes committed against in- Olympics. FIGHTING HATE CRIMES IN dividuals based on sexual orientation Derek Parra twice left family and home be- AMERICA have increased nearly 28 percent. I will hind to pursue his dream—once moving to The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a not remain silent on this issue. I am Florida to become an international star at in- previous order of the House, the gentle- compelled to do whatever I can to pre- line skating races, and then again heading to woman from California (Mrs. CAPPS) is vent another hostile and tragic act on Utah to train for speed-skating, a sport he had recognized for 5 minutes. anyone because of his or her sexual ori- never tried as a child in sunny Southern Cali- Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Speaker, it is with entation. fornia. Those who know San Bernardino rec- great sadness that I rise on the floor of In a post-September 11 society, where ognize that hard-working spirit, and our home- the House this afternoon. tolerance and acceptance are strongly town celebrated with daylong events that in- Two weeks ago in my California dis- encouraged and promoted by our gov- cluded a spirited parade and packed awards trict, which includes Santa Barbara, a ernment and local communities, these dinner. 37-year-old man named Clinton Scott types of crimes must not go While it is clear that Derek Parra meant to Risetter was brutally murdered, burned unpunished or unexplored. Let us make reach for his Olympic dream in any way he to death in his bed. Such a killing the Hate Crimes Prevention Act a re- could, his time in Utah was made easier by would be tragic under any cir- ality. Let us make a true commitment The Home Depot, the national hardware chain cumstances. Yet this is particularly to every American citizen, be they gay that is known for its orange aprons. When he painful because Mr. Risetter was mur- or straight, Muslim, Christian, white, arrived in Salt Lake City, Parra landed a job dered because he was a homosexual. black, Hispanic or Asian. It should not in floors and walls at the West Valley Home Let me say that even in a community take a brutal murder to jar the Con- Depot, which helped him provide for himself as tolerant as Santa Barbara, intoler- gress out of acting out of common and his family during the year leading up to ance still has an ugly and evil face. sense and basic human decency. It is the Olympics.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.071 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H718 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 The Home Depot company is justly proud which they who fought here have thus LIBERAL BIAS IN AMERICA’S that it has contributed to Parra’s success, as far so nobly advanced. It is rather for COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES well as that of fellow employee Tristan Gale, us to be here dedicated to the great The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a who won a gold medal in the women’s skel- task remaining before us, that from previous order of the House, the gen- eton event. In fact, the company has hired and these honored dead we take increased tleman from Tennessee (Mr. DUNCAN) is given job flexibility to 140 Olympics and devotion to that cause for which they recognized for 5 minutes. Paralympics hopefuls throughout the country gave the last full measure of devotion.’’ Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, it was re- in a display of corporate patriotism and civic Mr. Speaker, the soldiers who died in ported last week that an invitation to involvement. Twenty of those hopefuls were in the mountains of Afghanistan laid author Doris Kearns Goodwin to speak Salt Lake City. down their lives for the same great at the University of Delaware’s com- The company’s Olympic Job Opportunity task as the soldiers at Gettysburg, the mencement exercises had been with- Program offers full-time pay and benefits to preservation of our liberty and our drawn. This invitation was pulled be- athletes for a 20-hour week during competition very way of life. cause Ms. Goodwin has admitted that and training seasons. Not surprisingly, Home Throughout our history, Mr. Speak- her books contain many sentences, Depot managers have found these dedicated er, America has faced enemies of her facts, even whole paragraphs plagia- athletes are also among their most hard-work- peace and her freedom. Two decades rized from other writers. ing employees and in most cases would be ago, President Ronald Reagan encour- But today, Mr. Speaker, I am not delighted to have them back after the competi- aged a country beset by terrorism. The concerned as much about Ms. Good- tion has ended. words of his first inaugural address win’s plagiarism or shoddy research as Home Depot has joined many other U.S. should steel the resolve of Americans about what the invitation to her says companies in sponsorships that have helped today who face a similar intractable about almost all of our colleges and show the world that it is possible to stage a enemy. universities. It is well-known that Ms. Goodwin successful Olympics without losses to public President Reagan said, ‘‘As for the colors her history with a very strong coffers or excessive commercialization. But enemies of our freedom, those who are liberal bias. We will soon be in the sea- The Home Depot has taken this civic spirit to potential adversaries, they will be re- son of college and university gradua- the next level, supporting those dedicated ath- minded that peace is the highest aspi- ration of the American people. We will tion ceremonies. If my colleagues have letes who are the centerpiece of the Olympic ever looked at a list of commencement Games. negotiate for it, sacrifice for it, but we will not surrender for it now or ever. speakers, they have seen almost imme- Mr. Speaker, I would ask you and my col- diately that almost all come from a leagues to please join me in praising the And, above all else, we must realize no arsenal, no weapon in the arsenals of very liberal or left-wing background. American spirit of determination that led Derek Two or three years ago, Evergreen Parra to shock the world and win gold and sil- the world, is so formidable as the will and moral courage of free men and State college in Washington State even ver medals in record-breaking times at invited as its speaker a man who had speedskating. And also in praising The Home women. It is a weapon our adversaries in today’s world do not have. It is a been convicted of killing a policeman. Depot for showing the world that American Conservative speakers are almost weapon that we as Americans do business can join with athletes like Derek to never invited to speak at commence- bring success and pride to them both. have.’’ Mr. Speaker, it is especially poignant ment or graduation exercises. People f to me, as I see the sacrifices in the who started businesses with nothing or The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. 101st Airborne, to reflect that twice in very little, and thus tend to be very CRENSHAW). Under a previous order of the last 6 months I traveled, at the in- conservative, are almost never invited to speak. The only business leaders the House, the gentlewoman from the vitation of Major General Richard who are ever invited are those from ex- District of Columbia (Ms. NORTON) is Cody, to Fort Campbell, Kentucky, the tremely big business and who can safe- recognized for 5 minutes. home of the Screaming Eagles. There I ly be identified as liberal or at least (Ms. NORTON addressed the House. met with officers and enlisted men of very politically correct. I know there Her remarks will appear hereafter in that fabled division, perhaps maybe are always a few exceptions, but I the Extensions of Remarks.) even some of the very same soldiers would guess that liberals outnumber that are coming home in the silence of f conservatives 50 or 100 to 1 as speakers death to their families, men who we at graduation ceremonies. TRIBUTE TO FALLEN HEROES IN can say without a doubt did not lack THE WAR ON TERRORISM This reflects the fact that there is the will or moral courage to preserve less true academic freedom, at least for The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a our way of life. conservatives, on U.S. college cam- previous order of the House, the gen- I opened with a scripture verse. puses than anyplace else in U.S. soci- tleman from Indiana (Mr. PENCE) is Allow me to close with one, Mr. Speak- ety today. College faculties, at best, recognized for 5 minutes. er. As we consider the lives of those have only a few token conservatives in Mr. PENCE. Mr. Speaker, it is writ- who have had paid the ultimate price fields that deal with political ques- ten that, ‘‘If you owe debts, pay debts; to secure our freedom, I am reminded tions. Even professors in nonpolitical if honor, then honor; if respect, then of the verse that, ‘‘Greater love hath fields, such as English, often work in respect.’’ no man than this, that he should lay comments or assign books that show I can think of no more fitting time to down his life for his friends.’’ their liberal bias. apply this verse than today, 1 day after And allow me to add these modest The very liberal bias of our national we as Americans watched the flag- words on behalf of the people of eastern news media has been well documented draped caskets of seven U.S. service- Indiana and a grateful Nation. To the and is not even questioned today. How- men being off-loaded from a C–130 grieving spouses, parents, children, and ever, there is a much greater or strong- transport plane at Ramstein Air Force friends that these heroes have left be- er liberal or left-wing bias on most col- Base in Germany. We owe these men of hind, we commend them humbly for lege and university faculties than even the United States Special Forces and their sacrifice as families and for hav- in the national news media. Conserv- the 101st Airborne a great debt of ing in their midst those who have ative students, unless they are unusu- honor, a debt that words on this floor shown no greater love to that dream ally courageous, learn very quickly to, cannot even begin to repay. which is the United States of America. many times, remain silent or not ex- A century and a half ago, Abraham f press their true opinions in statements Lincoln spoke on another battlefield The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a they make or papers that they write. where American soldiers had spilled previous order of the House, the gen- Most colleges and universities have their blood to preserve our liberty. In tleman from Massachusetts (Mr. gone to great lengths to make sure mi- his address, Lincoln charges the sur- MCGOVERN) is recognized for 5 minutes. norities are well represented in their vivors of the conflict as follows: (Mr. MCGOVERN addressed the faculties and that they have diversity, ‘‘It is for us the living, rather, to be House. His remarks will appear here- and that is fine. But the most discrimi- dedicated here to the unfinished work after in the Extensions of Remarks.) nation today is against conservative

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR7.034 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H719 professors and speakers, especially at I would like to also applaud the ef- PRESIDENT BUSH STANDS TALL very liberal schools like Antioch, forts of some groups that are looking FOR DOMESTIC STEEL INDUSTRY Oberlin, the University of Colorado, at the impact that any changes in So- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a and some of the Ivy League schools. cial Security will have on women. previous order of the House, the gen- Mr. Speaker, I hope that colleges and While reforming the Social Security tleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. universities around this Nation will System, we have serious implications ENGLISH) is recognized for 5 minutes. strive for full diversity and true aca- for women, and especially Latinas. The Mr. ENGLISH. Mr. Speaker, allow me demic freedom by allowing at least a women in our community, Latinas, to take a moment to applaud President few token conservatives onto their fac- may be the most severely impacted of Bush for standing tall in favor of our ulties, or at least as graduation speak- all populations. The Latinas are more domestic steel industry. He has, at a ers. likely than other women to work in- very critical moment, stood up for f side the home and are less likely than steel. If we have a domestic steel indus- IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL other women to have retirement sav- try in coming decades, I believe it will SECURITY TO LATINO COMMUNITY ings accounts. be because of this courageous action and an administration that was willing The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Moreover, Latinas are less likely to listen to steelworkers, listen to steel previous order of the House, the gen- than other workers to have access to producers, and also listen to all other tleman from Texas (Mr. RODRIGUEZ) is private pension coverage, and they interested parties in order to craft a recognized for 5 minutes. tend to receive the lowest wages of any creative policy. He clearly listened to Mr. RODRIGUEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise group in the work force. Relying heav- today to talk about the importance of those who were calling for substantial ily on Social Security benefits, relief for an industry in crisis. It has Social Security and how it impacts the changes in marital status or the loss of Latino population throughout this been running the risk of being hollowed a principal wage earner places Latinas out by unfair trade practices. country. in a particularly vulnerable situations. We must remember that the initial It is obvious that the President care- intent and purpose of the Social Secu- Given the paramount importance of fully weighed the issue. His judicious rity retirement system was to help al- Social Security to Hispanic men and decision will provide breathing space leviate the poverty among our elderly women, we must approach so-called re- to the domestic steelworkers and the Americans and to meet the retirement form efforts with caution, weighing the industry. Enacting tariffs of up to 30 needs of all workers. We must not for- impact on this key, fast-growing popu- percent for most steel products pro- get the severe poverty that our seniors lation. I am concerned that the plans vides help for those hardest hit by un- suffered prior to Social Security. So- to privatize Social Security would favorable conditions in the steel mar- cial Security has become the single drain needed resources from the Social ket. This administration has stepped most effective Federal anti-poverty Security Trust Fund and jeopardize up to the plate for the American steel program in our history, lifting more benefit payments to retirees, the blind, industry and its workers, something than 11 million seniors out of poverty. disabled workers and survivors. that previous administrations, regret- Latinos are critically affected by any tably, had been unwilling to do. proposed changes in the Social Secu- The leading plan proposed by the ad- Without the concrete actions taken rity System. A significant segment of ministration’s hand-picked Social Se- by this President, the industry was fac- the workforce, Latinos, and especially curity commission would drain $1.5 ing a meltdown. The President recog- Latinas, women, represent a dispropor- trillion from the trust fund in just the nized that the American steel industry tionate percentage of those who lack next 10 years, money that is already and its workers have done their part in employer pension coverage. We, as His- being used for other purposes. Privat- recent years. This is something that panics, tend to work in small compa- ization of Social Security would re- critics do not really willingly acknowl- nies, small businesses, which do not quire cuts in guaranteeing Social Secu- edge, but the fact is our steel producers have pensions. We are underrep- rity benefits. The President’s Social have taken dramatic steps to reduce resented in government jobs and for Security commission recommended a inefficient capacity and modernize op- that reason do not have a lot of the privatization plan that cuts benefits erations to become among the most pensions that others do. More than for future retirees by up to 46 percent. productive steel producers in the other segments of the population, Everyone would be subject to these world, with as few as one-and-a-half Latinos depend heavily on Social Secu- cuts, not just workers who choose to man hours needed per ton of steel pro- rity to live their senior years in dig- have individual accounts, and Latinos duced. nity. would be hit the hardest. The Latino population is growing b 1515 rapidly. Currently, Latinos constitute Social Security privatization would That is an extraordinary trans- 8 percent of the total U.S. workforce, expose individual workers and their formation of an industry that was very and by 2010 Latinos are projected to ac- families to greater financial risks. inefficient a few decades ago. count for 13.2 percent of all the work- Under privatization, benefit levels To achieve these advances in produc- ers. From 1997 to the year 2020, the would be determined by the volatile tivity, the U.S. steel industry reduced number of Latinos that are aged 65 will stock market, by the worker’s luck in capacity by more than 23 million tons, double. making investments, and by the timing closed numerous inefficient mills, and Unfortunately, despite the gains in on his or her decisions to retire. In significantly cut jobs. The workers education and other areas, Latinos still light of the Enron disaster, we know have endured their fair share of pain remain concentrated in low-wage jobs the risks. and suffering as the workforce was re- that provide few benefits. While more Latinos, who are, more than other duced by hundreds of thousands of than 51 percent of Anglos workers have groups, dependent on Social Security workers in an effort to become the employer pension coverage, the same is as a guaranteed income stream in re- most efficient producers of steel. But we all know that when competing with true for only one-third of the Latino tirement, would lose under privatiza- workers. Accordingly, Latino retirees the unfair trading practices of some of tion. are more than twice as likely as Anglo our competitors, it was simply not retirees to rely solely on Social Secu- Other proposals, while well-meaning, enough. rity benefits as a means of economic would not help us reach our goal of en- Let us understand, Mr. Speaker, what support. suring future solvency. I ask that, as the President did was WTO compatible. In addition, Latinos are less likely we look at Social Security, we make It was based on remedies approved by than Anglos to receive incomes from sure we look at its impact on special the International Trade Commission, interest on savings and investments. populations as well as the baby and it utilized our 201 process, which For example, in 1998, of all the persons boomers and what we consider the baby the WTO contemplated. While oppo- reporting interest income, only 5.3 per- echos, those kids of those baby nents of this 201 action are crying foul, cent went to Latinos. boomers. saying the cost will be prohibitive, Mr.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:28 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.078 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H720 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 Speaker, allow me to assure Members rity of the process, and a part of that Mr. CARSON of Oklahoma. Mr. that their arguments are without sub- goes clear down to our field employees Speaker, I rise today, along with sev- stance. upon whom we depend very heavily to eral of my colleagues, to discuss the According to a study by Professor deliver a product that they are re- most pressing domestic issue of our Jerry Hausman, an economist at MIT, quired by protocol to deliver. What do time, that of Social Security. the assumptions from opponents such I mean by this? What happened is we Let me first begin by thanking my as the Consuming Industry’s Trade Ac- had several biologists, Ray Scharpf, fellow freshman Democrat, the gen- tion Council were fundamentally Mitch Wainright, Sarah LaMarr and tleman from Rhode Island (Mr. flawed. Hausman’s study, which unlike Tim McCracken, Federal employees in- LANGEVIN), for his leadership in orga- the CITAC study so often quoted in the volved in a lynx study in the northwest nizing with me this Special Order media, accurately reflected the current part of this Nation. These are profes- about the impending raid of Social Se- steel market, showed the tariffs would sional biologists or associated with curity. I also want to thank the gentle- cost the average consumer about $2 a professional biologists. woman from California (Ms. year and have no negative impact on Their job was to go out and deter- MILLENDER-MCDONALD) for her leader- the U.S. economy. This was a study of mine whether or not there was any evi- ship and assistance in organizing our stronger remedies than were actually dence of lynx in a forest, to then deter- colleagues here today. proposed by the International Trade mine whether or not further investiga- Our Nation faces incredible chal- Commission. Hausman’s study showed tion was necessary. What these individ- lenges; this we all know as we stand that the section 201 remedies would uals did was go out and planted evi- united in a war on terrorism. All of our provide a net benefit of $9 billion a dence. They planted evidence, just like thoughts and prayers are with our men year to the U.S. economy. Steel con- a bad cop goes into a house and plants and women in uniform today. This stitutes only a small share of the total drugs. They planted lynx hair and sub- afternoon I stand before this House to cost of most products that contain mitted the lynx hair to the laboratory talk about one of the most pressing do- steel, so the cost to the consumer and in hopes that the laboratory would as- mestic issues of our time, an issue that the costs on a single consumer item sume that there were now lynx in this cannot be ignored even as we fight a would be minimal. area that they had studied. war abroad, and that is Social Secu- For a typical family car, the increase The average biologist that we have rity. caused by the imposition of a 40 per- working for the Forest Service or for Around the world as populations of cent tariff would be about $60, a 30 per- the Fish and Wildlife are people of high developed countries grow older, the cent tariff in the tariff structure pro- integrity. I cannot think of a biologist cost of paying for pension and health posed by the President would be sub- that I have met that I have not been benefits rise. In the United States, stantially less. For a refrigerator, the fairly confident of the integrity and more than 44 million people collect the standards that they rise to. increase would be less than $3. benefits from our Social Security sys- But in this case, these Federal em- Again, I have to congratulate the tem. Social Security represents one of ployees brought a disgrace upon the President for being engaged on these the most important and depended-upon United States Government and brought issues, looking past the cannot at the programs in this Nation’s history. a disgrace upon these agencies by substance, and being concerned about Social Security is a great American planting evidence and submitting false many of the communities we have in success story, having reduced the per- samples for a survey. Unfortunately, centage of poverty among our Nation’s places like western Pennsylvania, these employees are still employed by retirees from over 50 percent to 11 per- Ohio, and West Virginia where people the Federal Government. Fortunately, cent since the program’s inception in have built a living and built living we had a whistle blower. An employee 1935. Moreover, Social Security is not wages around a steel industry that we on his last day called in the fact that simply a retirement program; it is also need to have in this country for stra- false samples had been submitted to a program that provides disability and tegic reasons, and if we are going to this survey. maintain our industrial base. My point in taking the floor today is survivor’s benefits to over 13 million Mr. Speaker, this administration has that I appreciate the Members who at- workers and their families. had the courage to take on this tough tended the hearing today, and I espe- Last year this House and this coun- issue. We need to do more in Congress. cially appreciate the investigators who try had a 10-year estimated $5.6 trillion We need to look at the issue of legacy went out and came up with these con- unified surplus, which included $3 tril- costs. We need to look at ways poten- clusions. We know that these employ- lion in non-Social Security surplus. tially of participating in a global effort ees knew that what they were doing But how times can change. In less than to rationalize the industry; but in the was wrong and outside their protocol, a year, $4 trillion of that surplus is now end, we can build on this 201 decision, but they still carried out their actions. gone due to tax cuts, the downturn in we can build on the President’s cour- Mr. Speaker, today we had a good our economy, and the war effort. age, and working with the administra- hearing about it, and I think we will be The greatest tragedy is not simply tion, we have an opportunity to lay the able to install some fire walls that will the diminution of the surplus, but also groundwork for a strong, healthy com- prevent this type of scheme from hap- the fact that the proposed budget now petitive world-class American steel in- pening again. In the meantime, it has before us in this House diverts $1.4 tril- dustry that is allowed to compete on a unfortunately cast a small shadow lion of the Social Security trust fund level playing field. upon the profession. What we need to and $556 billion from the Medicare f do is assure that that profession has no trust fund to pay for spending and new shadow at all because their importance tax cuts. INTEGRITY ABOVE ALL in our studies out there are absolutely I have supported and continue to sup- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. critical. We depend on them very port tax cuts, specific tax cuts, but not CRENSHAW). Under a previous order of much, very much; and we have good tax cuts that undermine our ability to the House, the gentleman from Colo- reason to depend on them. They are the honor our promises and commitments. rado (Mr. MCINNIS) is recognized for 5 experts, but integrity comes first and I support, as do so many Members of minutes. above all. this House, a fiscally responsible plan Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, this f for our Federal budget, a plan that rec- morning the Committee on Resources ognizes the current health of the Social heard testimony from investigators STOP IMPENDING RAID ON SOCIAL Security trust fund, while also recog- and from the Forest Service, Fish and SECURITY nizing the need in the future to protect Wildlife and others in regards to a The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under it. scheme put forward by several Federal the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- Because of the current strength of employees to alter a lynx study in the uary 3, 2001, the gentleman from Okla- the trust fund, we have an opportunity northwestern part of the Nation. homa (Mr. CARSON) is recognized for 60 before us as a Nation that we will not It is very important for us as govern- minutes as the designee of the minor- have too much longer to protect the re- ment employees to maintain the integ- ity leader. serves that will be vital in ensuring the

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.081 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H721 program’s survival for future genera- to fighting the war on terrorism or de- percentage of residents over 75 and tions. The question today is when are fending the home front. However, we sixth in the Nation for those over 65. In we going to stop talking about saving cannot allow the Social Security trust my district alone, 110,000 people rely on the Social Security trust fund and fi- fund to become the credit card on Social Security for their livelihood. nally do it. which we charge a smorgasbord of new These Rhode Islanders worry about Legislation has been proposed, but no spending for tax cuts. whether Social Security will continue action has been taken. We continue to b 1530 to be there when they need it, and they use duplicitous accounting to hide the are tired of hearing promises from poli- real deficits this country faces in the Mr. Speaker, today is the day, fi- ticians that are not backed up with ac- coming years when the largest genera- nally, in which we stand on principle as tion. tion in American history, the baby a Congress to send a clear message to Mr. Speaker, I am proud to stand boomers, begin to retire. this generation as well as the future with my Democratic colleagues to It is hard for me to understand how, generations of retiring workers that fight to preserve Social Security’s core in what is obviously the most success- there will be, forever, a solvent, secure structure and ensure that we do not re- ful and popular Federal program ever and dependable public Social Security vert to an era of overwhelming poverty conceived, how it can be subtly cut and program in this country. among the elderly. We have a choice. I raided for short-term convenience. The Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman choose America’s seniors. I choose a re- time has come for us as a Nation and from Rhode Island (Mr. LANGEVIN) to sponsible, honest budget that does not as a House to make the tough decisions also address this subject. sacrifice the most vulnerable among to save Social Security for our children Mr. LANGEVIN. I thank my col- us. I know those Members who join me and for our children’s children. league for yielding. today have made that same choice. I There is a very real and looming I would like to begin by thanking my urge the rest of my colleagues to do threat that we may not be able to meet colleagues and friends, the gentleman the same. all of the promised obligations unless from Oklahoma (Mr. CARSON) and the Mr. CARSON of Oklahoma. I know we commit to make the prudent fiscal gentlewoman from California (Ms. the gentleman from Rhode Island (Mr. choices today. As I mentioned, we have MILLENDER-MCDONALD), for joining me LANGEVIN) has worked hard on these been presented with a budget that pro- in focusing attention on this critically issues over the last few months as well. poses a spending deficit in the Social important issue. Together with a num- We appreciate his comments on the Security trust fund of $1.5 trillion. Be- ber of our esteemed colleagues, we are issue. fore we even begin the debate on long- declaring that we will not accept a Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman term solvency of Social Security, I find budget that jeopardizes Social Security from Texas (Mr. RODRIGUEZ) who has it irresponsible that the Congress is or Medicare, programs that are essen- also worked passionately on these being asked to force Social Security’s tial to my constituents in Rhode Island issues and whose words are always elo- obsolescence by raiding the trust fund and to Americans everywhere. quent on this subject. Mr. and risking the fiscal health of a sys- As we consider this year’s budget, we RODRIGUEZ. I thank the gentleman tem that has been so successful. When, have a choice, to preserve Social Secu- for allowing us to talk about the im- I ask, are we going to make the hard rity and protect our Nation’s elderly portant issue of Social Security. I also decisions of financial prudence? from poverty, or divert funds for this thank the gentleman from Rhode Is- I believe that we can achieve our program to less critical priorities. To land (Mr. LANGEVIN) for his efforts. I long-term goals of preserving our So- meet the needs of our country’s rapidly know that we are all concerned. I also cial Security system to prevent our growing senior population, I choose to wanted to take this opportunity to Nation’s seniors from falling back into prioritize Social Security and Medicare thank the gentlewoman from Cali- poverty while also updating and re- and will fight for a budget that reflects fornia (Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD), forming Social Security to meet the that choice. who is not here but I know who also is challenges of our modern era. It is true The administration’s budget, on the concerned and who might join us a lit- the baby boomers are rapidly approach- other hand, raids $1.5 trillion of the So- tle later as well as the gentleman from ing retirement. The oldest will be retir- cial Security Trust Fund surplus, the Oklahoma (Mr. CARSON). ing by 2008, and it is true by 2021, the very fund Congress voted five times to Let me just indicate that, when it Social Security system will be taking place in a lockbox to ensure its sol- comes to Social Security, it is one of in less revenue than it pays out in ben- vency. This choice is unacceptable to the issues that hits home and it is one efits. But as we proved in 1983 and as me, and it is unacceptable to the two- of the areas that we forget that, during we can prove again today, we can save thirds of recipients who rely on Social the time prior to Social Security, we a program that has worked so well for Security for the majority of their in- had the largest problems that we had so many for so many years, and it is in- come and the almost 20 percent who regarding poverty among our seniors. cumbent upon us to make these tough rely on it for their entire income. This has been one of the best programs decisions. Last year, the Congressional Budget to alleviate poverty among our seniors. As the recent Enron debacle reminds Office projected a 10-year non-Social So I am pleased to stand today and us, it is critical to have a safety net in Security surplus of $3.1 trillion. Just 1 make some comments as we reach this place, and a solvent one at that, to pro- year later, the projection has plunged critical time of reviewing and dealing tect seniors when they retire. As work- to a deficit of $742 billion. The adminis- with the issue of how we respond to the ers across the country have watched tration uses a series of gimmicks and difficulties that we find ourselves in. their life savings, their 401(k)s lose 24, unrealistic assumptions to disguise the As a country, we are often faced with 35, even 50 percent of their value, and fact that the government will run a challenging obstacles on our quest to some regrettably have seen their much larger deficit than its budget pre- do what is just. The resources we have 401(k)s and pensions evaporate alto- dicts, virtually guaranteeing that the at our disposal are not infinite, as we gether, it is critical that Americans Social Security surplus will disappear all recognize. At these critical mo- know Social Security will be there to over the next decade, leaving 200 mil- ments Americans expect their leaders ensure that their minimum needs are lion Americans who currently rely on to stand strong and make decisions met. Social Security, or will in the future, that reflect all that makes this coun- Mr. Speaker, in the last election per- with no financial security in their try great. Our seniors are facing a di- haps the most used phrase was the So- most vulnerable years. A raid on the lemma, one that threatens the security cial Security trust fund would always Social Security Trust Fund today is a and trust they have as they reach re- remain in a so-called ‘‘lockbox’’ unable promise to cut Social Security tomor- tirement. We must fight to preserve to be touched by the spending desires row. our Social Security Trust Fund and or tax cuts of some in Congress or of In Rhode Island, Social Security pro- honor our country’s commitment to the administration. I do not believe vides a vital lifeline for a significant our seniors. any American argues against making percentage of the population. Rhode Is- The President’s budget does not sure that there are adequate resources land ranks fifth in the Nation for the honor the commitment to our seniors

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.095 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H722 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 and, in turn, fails all Americans. The night, because we need to talk about The creation of Social Security is President’s new budget raids the Social this. There is a great deal of talk right one of the landmark achievements, as I Security surplus to pay for other gov- now, but what is transpiring and what have said, of the 20th century. To- ernment programs, not just one year is occurring already in the budget has gether, we declared that seniors should but every year for the next 10 years. a direct impact on our Social Security. not be forced to live in Third World Ultimately, the President’s plan would I do not care, and I hate to see people poverty here in America. Together, spend $1.5 trillion in Social Security come and talk about it and then they this Congress, I was not here, but this surplus dollars to fund programs other vote for those tax cuts that jeopardize Congress did it, a previous Congress. than Social Security. This year alone, not only our economy but the Nation The House and Senate, along with the $262 billion in Social Security surplus as a whole and our fight in this war on President, said that we are going to funds are redirected. In the year 2003, terrorism. We are fighting this war on make a compact and we are going to the President’s budget projects using terrorism on the backs of our seniors. make it with our seniors, seniors like $259 billion. All this money would be Every single war we have had, we my mother and my mother-in-law, that taken out of the trust fund and used to have always had a tax. When we had we are going to deal with generation to fund other programs. the Spanish American War, we had a generation. The younger generation is One of the things that bothers me tax on phones. When we had World War going to help the older generation, and and irritates me is that we dealt with II, we had taxes. This is the only war you are not going to be left in poverty. the tax cut and at a time right now that we have decided to give tax cuts My mother-in-law lost her husband when our first response should be in to the wealthiest at the same time that when she was, I think, a relatively terms of defending our homeland, tak- we burden our seniors by taking their young lady of 59. My dad lost his life ing care of the war, we are choosing to trust fund and their security from early on. People forget the survivor respond to all the problems with a tax them. So it is unfair that we do this, benefit that the wives tap into. Yes, cut, when we ought to be telling those but it is a good opportunity to begin to there is a disparity now in what women corporations they also have an obliga- talk about where we are at. draw because they are not in the work- tion to pay for defending this country, Once again, I want to thank the gen- force as long, but there is that provi- and our seniors should not be carrying tleman for allowing me to say a few sion to make it available. You cannot the burden for that to be occurring. words. I know we have some additional buy it with any other insurance. Con- Now is the time for us to focus on a colleagues that have come on board. I gress in my opinion does not have the long-term budget plan that will recover thank the gentleman for his efforts. as the economy recovers, returning us right to break that contract. Mr. CARSON of Oklahoma. Mr. There is no question that Social Se- to an era where we can fully protect Speaker, I thank my friend from Texas curity is facing a serious challenge. and even strengthen the Social Secu- for his impassioned words about the fu- rity Trust Fund. We need to recommit The system has been deteriorating over ture of Social Security and the impera- to the idea of Social Security surplus recent years in terms of money avail- tive on all of us, especially those of us dollars only for Social Security and able. But we made a lot of progress in with a real commitment to our seniors, paying down the national debt. Our na- the 1990s when we had a full economy, and to remember that so many prom- tional debt now stands at $3.4 trillion. we had a growing budget, we had ises to our veterans were made more in Paying down the national debt will money available. It seems to me I re- rhetoric than in reality and that we strengthen the financing of the Social member last year that we were talking should not do the same thing with So- Security Trust Fund over the long about having surpluses as far as the cial Security. I thank the gentleman term and will allow us to keep our eye could see. What a difference a year commitment to seniors. for his comments. makes. Now we are looking at deficits Our seniors deserve better than a Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman as far as the eye can see. But over the piece of paper which attempts to guar- from North Carolina (Mr. ETHERIDGE). next few decades, we must act and we antee their rights to receive benefits. Mr. ETHERIDGE. I thank my friend must act to make sure that it is se- That piece of paper means nothing. from Oklahoma for yielding and my cure, that it is safe. Otherwise, we will You can tell that to our veterans who other colleagues who have commented. not be holding up our end of that com- It is easy for folks who have not been have been told that they should have pact. in this body over a period of time or access to health care and we have not There are those, including the people delivered for them. This piece of paper who are not old enough to realize and who served on the President’s commis- also will mean nothing. What we need remember some of our folks who have sion, who feel that privatizing Social to do is do the right thing in our budg- had it so tough. Those of us who under- Security is the answer to this problem. et, be able to pay down debt and be stand history remember that Social Se- I respectfully disagree. Last year, when able to take care of our seniors. curity is a retirement system that has the President appointed his commis- As we look, and I would hope that we really been a bedrock. It is really that sion on Social Security, that commis- just do not look at those that are now foundation that a lot of the other re- sion, I think, was stacked and stacked receiving those benefits but we reach tirement systems were built on. with members, every one, who wanted out and look at those baby boomers Whether a person has no other plan, to privatize it. whether they have a 401(k), a 201(k) or that are getting ready to reach that b 1545 age, because they have also paid into no K, we always start with Social Se- the fund. In addition to them, we all curity. If you go to a retirement plan- Now, if you want to privatize, that is recognize that the kids of the baby ner and they want to help you if you one thing; but do not do it to the folks boomers, what we call the baby echo, have money, they still want to start without letting the people involved be we also need to consider the baby echo. with looking at Social Security, be- involved in it. There should have been As we move forward on Social Secu- cause that is the foundation or bed- on that commission beneficiaries. rity, there are special populations, His- rock. There should have been minorities on panics, for example, one out of every It has been that way since President it, there should have been women, three Hispanics only have another pen- Roosevelt signed it into law in 1935. It there should have been seniors. In the sion, while one out of two Anglos have has been one of the most successful end, the commission offered only three other pensions. So there are certain government initiatives, lifting millions flawed plans to privatize Social Secu- special populations out there that get of seniors and working families out of rity and failed to provide any kind of disproportionately hit and depend on poverty in the 20th century. plan to restore the solvency of the sys- Social Security much more than other But there was a time before Social tem. populations, especially Hispanic Security, I remember my history, when In that regard, I cannot support any women who are the ones that are hit seniors suffered in abject poverty. Too privatization plan that would jeop- the hardest and if there is any move to many people could not afford the basic ardize the retirement security of our privatize will be in complete jeopardy. human needs of food and shelter, and seniors and working families, because One of the things, and I want to even some died homeless on the for many families in America, that is thank the Members that are here to- streets, far more than we see today. the only security they have. The recent

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.083 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H723 Enron scandal clearly demonstrates We have a responsibility to do the peo- behind the commitment it made, and that we cannot allow the retirement ple’s business. People who draw a So- we as Members of this Congress have security of our working Americans to cial Security check do not want games that same solemn obligation that become the victims of unrestrained being played. They want their check, Members who have stood here before us corporate greed and mismanagement. they want their money, and they want had, and we cannot drop the ball now. Social Security was designed to be a that contract and commitment to be I thank the gentleman for putting to- safety net, a safety net, and a compact there. People count on their Social Se- gether this Special Order and allowing between generations, as I said earlier, curity benefits too, and these certifi- me a few minutes to participate in it. not a privatized vehicle of massive cates would only be worth no more Mr. CARSON of Oklahoma. Mr. wealth for some and massive poverty than the paper they are written on, be- Speaker, I would like to thank the gen- for others. cause if the other stuff is not worth tleman from North Carolina for his Some would say, well, you know, anything, it is sort of like the locked well-informed comments, and I also ap- look at what the stock market has box. You know, you can lock a box, but preciate the fact that he brought up done. Look at those who had 401(k)s what happened to the locked box? It is the ill-conceived nature of sending cer- last year and 201(k)s this year, and about having the integrity to tell peo- tificates to millions of seniors and some of them may have zero(k)s if they ple the truth and then following Americans out there, certificates that have it in the wrong stock. That is just through and doing it. provide no new rights and are not an absolutely not what Social Security We can find something better to do enforcement mechanism for any exist- was meant to be; and there are many with the $10 million we are talking ing rights, all at the cost of more than problems, in my opinion, with about using to send worthless certifi- $10 million, all of this in a year when privatizing Social Security. cates. Folks in my district learned the our budgets are strapped and so many First, if you take money out of the hard way to be skeptical when they are very meritorious projects are going to trust fund to put in private accounts, promised something that they know have to go unfunded and left on the then you weaken the system. One of does not come through. drawing room table. So I thank the the plans offered by the President’s I, like my other colleagues who have gentleman for his comments and thank commission would remove $1.5 trillion, been on the floor this evening, am will- him for being here this afternoon as that is with a T, from the trust fund ing to work with anyone in good faith well. Mr. Speaker, I would like to yield to over 10 years. to strengthen the bedrock that is So- someone who is equally impassioned Privatization also means benefit cial Security; but we really must put about the subject of Social Security, cuts. Another of the commission’s aside partisan gimmicks and ideolog- the gentlewoman from Ohio (Ms. KAP- plans would have reduced the benefits ical differences, like certificates that promised to future retirees by as much TUR). are not worth the paper they are writ- Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, I want to as 46 percent. Every privatization plan ten on, or privatization plans that only thank the gentleman from Oklahoma that I have seen thus far has what is make Social Security budgetary prob- (Mr. CARSON) for bringing us together called a ‘‘clawback’’ provision. That lems worse. We really ought to have a for this very important discussion and means in a privatized system bene- major study, if we are really serious also want to compliment the gen- ficiaries will not receive both the full about doing what we ought to do for tleman from North Carolina (Mr. value of their private accounts and, the people, and bring the people to the ETHERIDGE) for doing such a fine job in along with that, their full Social Secu- table. simplifying what could be a com- rity benefit, so you lose something. I was really disappointed last year plicated debate. That is not the commitment that was that no one from this body was on the I wanted to add my words this after- made. commission. If you are going to get noon to the very important issue of So- In addition, a system based upon in- something done, you ought to have cial Security, probably the premier dividual accounts would also dispropor- Members of Congress involved who ul- program of the last century, that tionately hurt women because they timately are going to have to be in- helped lift one-third of the Nation out would suffer from low account deposits volved in the process. I urge all my col- of poverty. Even today, if you think and likely lose their spousal benefits, leagues in this House to get serious about many of our seniors, certainly because, for a lot of women, that is about Social Security reform if we are women, the majority receive checks in how they step up to higher incomes. going to do it, because the time is here. a month that average maybe around Minorities would be literally short- I want to thank the gentleman from $550, $580 per month. Social Security changed because private accounts Oklahoma for putting together this for them is not pocket change; it is a would erode the progressivity of the Special Order this afternoon. This is an lifeline. Without Social Security and system. Finally, the transitional costs important issue. It is important not Medicare, they simply could not sur- associated with privatization puts the just to the people who are now drawing vive. system solvency and the retirement se- Social Security; it is important to a lot So you would think America, during curity of those who depend on it at risk of folks who ultimately are going to be this period of the stunning collapse of at a much more rapid pace. drawing it. But, more importantly, it Enron, would have learned an impor- The majority in this House now pro- is important to the young people who tant lesson, and that certain Members poses to issue what are called certifi- are paying into it. They have a right to of this Congress who are trying to tin- cates to Social Security recipients. I know that we are going to keep that ker around with Social Security would call them sham certificates. That re- commitment and that contract that have learned an important lesson, and minds me last year they also sent out has been made over generations to that is that the vagaries of the market letters, the administration did, to folks them as they pay in. And it has to get and the private sector’s penchant for and said you are going to get a tax cut, beyond gimmicks, and who has got the gambling with other people’s money is $300 or $600. I held a town hall meeting best idea to play gotcha with or get no substitute, can never be a sub- a little over a month after those letters ready for the next election. stitute, for the rock-solid guarantee of went out and this lady came in and she It is about good policy, not good poli- Social Security, an insurance program was quite upset. She had been expect- tics. It is about doing what is right for and a disability program. Any one of ing that $600, she and her husband our seniors, people like my mother and us, any one of our family members, can were. They did not tell her you had to mother-in-law and their friends and be struck by a disability. Social Secu- pay so much in income taxes. They others like them all across America rity is the social safety net for this said you are going to get the check. who depend on Social Security every country. She got $3 and some change. She lost month. If the stock market is up, they Yet what we see in the Bush adminis- her job and had to sell her car to keep get their check. If the stock market is tration’s proposal in the wake of Enron her family together. down, they get their check. They do is not retirement security, but retire- This Congress has a responsibility not worry about where the stock mar- ment insecurity. In fact, the lockbox not to play charades and sham games, ket is. They know that the United that the gentleman from North Caro- not to be playing gotcha and ideology. States Government stands four square lina (Mr. ETHERIDGE) referenced, where

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.085 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H724 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 we all promised we would not touch the least it was something. It was some- serving those who have put their life Social Security trust fund, in that in thing. To see this program violated for on the line, then, as they are very el- fact that trust fund would be there to the likes of a chief executive officer derly and unable to fend for them- pay dollars, the billions of dollars to like Ken Lay is absolutely abhorrent to selves, they say, now you have to pay our seniors across this country this me. additional money for prescription year, next year, and as the baby boom If I look at other corporations that drugs. Is that what Lincoln had in generation retires, what the Bush ad- are benefiting and the money coming mind when he said we would care for ministration is actually doing is tak- out of the Social Security trust fund the veteran, his widow, his orphan? Is ing these dollars and giving them and going to them, we can look at Gen- that the promise? Was it a false prom- away; and it is giving them away by eral Electric, because General Electric ise that was made? the billions. is one of the companies that is not just So what we see happening is, why are How is that actually happening? It is going to get millions. Enron is going to we charging for prescription drugs for happening because this trust fund is get millions; General Electric is going veterans, for those who have created being borrowed from now to pay tax re- to get billions out of the Social Secu- and preserved the freedom that we bates to some of the wealthiest and rity trust fund. have here in this country? Why are we most profitable corporations in our With the changes in the alternative charging them? Because we have to country, not just this year, but over minimum tax, it means that all of borrow. We have to take the money the next 10 years. these little tax breaks and loopholes that should be placed into paying for If you think about who is getting the that the very well-paid accountants those pharmaceuticals for those who benefit, let us take a look at Enron. If from companies like Arthur Andersen have served our Nation. We are giving you look at the tax proposals that were can find for these large corporations, it away. We are giving it away to passed here in this House, which I did they are going to get rebates through Enron in rebates, we are giving it away not support, what they essentially the Social Security trust fund, which to General Motors in rebates, we are meant was that we are taking money sounds incredible because we were sup- giving it away to Chevron in rebates, from the trust fund, and we are giving posed to have put it in a lockbox and we are giving it away to IBM in re- it to companies like Enron. not touched it, and yet it is being bates. That is where the money is Enron, unless we stop it, is going to drawn down to give money back to going. be getting rebates, rebates that basi- really the wealthiest people in our So I want to say to the gentleman cally are transfers from the trust fund country and the wealthiest interests. from Oklahoma (Mr. CARSON), I am which are the accumulated savings of really very pleased that he has taken 1600 the American people, taken out of b the leadership in pulling this together every worker’s check, and put there for And they are not having trouble. today, because this truly is; this is not their parents or grandparents. Those These companies like General Electric, a tangential issue for the Democratic dollars are being transferred, not by they are not going bankrupt. Now, Party, this is the core of the Demo- the thousands, not even by the mil- Enron went bankrupt because of cratic Party. lions, but by the billions, which is the wrongdoing, criminal wrongdoing, it I was here in 1983 when we saved So- amount that is in the trust fund; and if appears. And many of these other cor- cial Security. It was the key issue in the election of 1992, along with the re- you take Enron, for example, just in porations, take Chevron, take Texaco, cession. We were able to reconstitute a the years we are serving here, the first we are not talking about pennies, we healthy Social Security Trust Fund 3 years they probably will get $350 mil- are talking about hundreds of millions which served us well into this millen- lion in rebates. of dollars. The Social Security Trust Guess where that comes from? It Fund is being invaded to give nearly nium. I am certainly one Member that comes from the one source of accumu- $200 million to Texaco, three-quarters will do nothing to weaken the system. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to be a Dem- lated savings that the American people of a billion dollars to Chevron. Think ocrat. I am proud to be holding the So- have, and that is the Social Security about that. Think about the transfer of cial Security Trust Fund in our hands, trust fund. So my aunt in Toledo and wealth that is occurring. and we literally do, and preserving it So some people are saying, well, let a maybe your grandmother in Chicago, for the American people for this gen- senior family or someone who is going those savings that are there are being eration and generations to come. transferred because of consolidated ac- to be of retirement age someday, let I thank the gentleman again for giv- counting. them put money aside. We just have to ing this time this evening and urge him The Republican Party has invaded encourage responsibility in the Amer- on in his efforts to inform the Amer- the lockbox that we promised would be ican people. How do we do that on min- ican public and to re-create that there in perpetuity. Overall, the num- imum wage? How do we do that when lockbox permanently. bers show that the Congressional Budg- we do not earn a minimum wage? How Mr. CARSON of Oklahoma. Mr. et Office projected a 10-year non-Social do we do that when we have no health Speaker, I would like to thank the gen- Security surplus of $3.1 trillion; and benefits? tlewoman from Ohio for her comments now, just 1 year later, that projection Yesterday I sat in the Committee on today. She is quite right in saying has plunged to a deficit of $742 billion, Veterans Affairs thinking about this that, if the American public is wise, almost $1 trillion. So the surplus that Special Order tonight and the fact that the upcoming election will be about had existed technically in the annual we were taking money out of Social Se- this important issue, the most success- budgets has been turned almost over- curity Trust Fund to give it to some of ful social program the United States night into a deficit, and the borrowing the wealthiest corporations in the has ever had. A social program that is continuing from the Social Security country, and we have a proposal from once, in 1935 when seniors were the trust fund. the Bush administration to charge vet- poorest group in America, has lifted Now, Enron just does not get a little erans for prescription drugs. Now, we them out of poverty, so that those peo- bit. I mean, $350 million in rebates, have always had a $2 copayment for ple in retirement no longer have to that is one-third of $1 billion. None of various prescriptions, and many of our worry about making basic ends meet. my relatives can even imagine how veterans average 10 prescriptions per Indeed, the election and this entire de- much money that really is. But that is month. What the Bush administration bate about the future of Social Secu- what is going on here. And if there is is doing is raising that copayment to $7 rity is between those people who would any program that has marked the per prescription which, per month, preserve this important program and Democratic Party, and in fact it is one would be $70, with a cap annually of those people who, in the name of re- of the reasons I am a Democrat, is be- over $850 for prescription drugs for vet- form, seek to dismantle it. cause of this Social Security program. erans. It is so important that people watch- It meant the difference for our grand- I am sitting there and thinking, well, ing this today and those people who are mother between the poor house and is this not interesting. We hear all of across America and are going to be being able to live out her final years in these patriotic speeches on behalf of casting their ballots recognize the im- dignity. It was very meager, but at our military; and yet, when it comes to portance of Social Security. It is not as

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.087 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H725 a 401(k) program is, it is not as a pen- these things today and tell Americans compromising in any way the security sion program is at a private business. the truth about Social Security. and benefits of today’s seniors. Those programs are important; and I in The first thing we need to do before There are several reform plans on the Congress, along with my colleagues, we begin the debate is to stop this Republican side, and I want to talk have voted to make those more acces- shameful frightening of senior citizens. about one today that the gentleman sible to our retirees. We should encour- The gentleman from Missouri (Mr. from Texas (Mr. ARMEY) and myself age people to invest and to save on GEPHARDT) was on the floor last night have introduced here in the House. their own. But the genius of Social Se- and talked about a secret plan to re- This is a plan that answers many of the curity has been always that it is a pro- duce benefits after the election. They questions that were posed by the other gram below which we allowed no one to say we do not need to issue a written side, who has no plan. This plan is fall, a safety net, below which no one guarantee to seniors. We must issue a called the Social Security Ownership was allowed to fall. We can make good written guarantee if the other side con- and Guarantee Plan. on the promise of retirement and the tinues to say that this plan is in jeop- Let us talk about the words ‘‘owner- harvest of a bountiful life. ardy, that their benefits are in jeop- ship’’ and ‘‘guarantee.’’ Today’s Social Security program, while it may be the f ardy. One moment they are saying it is a rock-solid investment; the next mo- only savings program for most Ameri- SOCIAL SECURITY: AMERICA’S ment they are saying that someone is cans, saves no money for seniors. We MOST IMPORTANT GOVERNMENT going to take it away from seniors. need to start saving and allow individ- PROGRAM We have a plan to tell every senior uals to own their Social Security re- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. citizen in writing that their benefits tirement account. At the same time, CRENSHAW). Under the Speaker’s an- are guaranteed. The current Social Se- we need to tell every American that no nounced policy of January 3, 2001, the curity program will meet the promised American will ever receive less from gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. benefits of today’s senior citizens. Social Security under the DeMint- DEMINT) is recognized for 60 minutes as They do not need to worry that any re- Armey plan than they would have re- the designee of the majority leader. form plan will change that. The Presi- ceived under the existing plan. They Mr. DEMINT. Mr. Speaker, I appre- dent has said that he will consider no have a choice not to leave the current ciate being here today to continue the plan that reduces benefits for current plan at all. So they can stay where discussion on this important issue, the seniors or those near retirement. The they are, or they can begin to save issue of retirement security for Amer- plans introduced by Republicans, none some of the money that is coming out ica’s seniors. of them reduce benefits for seniors. The of their paycheck for their retirement. What will happen over the next 20, 30, There has been a lot of discussion plan that the Democratic side has, 40 years is my children and folks in about the need to have an honest de- which is no plan, means that we will their 20s and 30s will begin to accumu- bate. I think that is very important. continue with the program that we late large sums of money in a personal But we cannot have an honest debate know is going bankrupt. when we have one side who is just criti- We need to tell people the truth. The Social Security account that guaran- cizing with no plan, and our side who first part of that truth is to reassure tees them that they will have at least has been working diligently to develop our seniors that no one will reduce as good or better benefits than the cur- rent system. So instead of retiring a plan to guarantee benefits for today’s their benefits. after a whole life of putting money into seniors as well as to improve the Social The next thing we need to do is to Social Security, under the DeMint- Security system and guarantee even clarify for today’s workers the true na- Armey plan, Americans will retire with higher benefits for the next generation. ture of this Social Security system. hundreds of thousands of dollars in a It is important that we recognize The other side has just suggested that Social Security savings account that is that Social Security is America’s most it is the only accumulated savings pro- theirs. It can be turned into a monthly important government program. It is a gram for many Americans. Yes, it is income and can be used to pass on to sacred promise to the American people. the only savings program for many their children and grandchildren. Americans. The problem is that, even It is a Social Security contract that we We need to recognize that for many cannot ignore. though over 12 percent of everything poor working Americans the only op- Social Security is a plan that Repub- workers make goes into Social Secu- portunity for them to leave something licans believe in, and we think that it rity for their retirement, not one to the next generation is from Social cannot only make Americans free and penny of that is saved for their retire- Security, and the way Social Security secure, but it can secure our future in- ment. All of that money is spent on is set up today, all of one’s benefits die definitely if we plan correctly. But we current retirees, paying down debt, or with them. They have no opportunity cannot have an honest debate, again, other government programs. The cur- to pass along anything that one puts with a side that is full of critics, but no rent Social Security system is not set into Social Security. plans. up in a way that allows it to accumu- The DeMint-Armey plan allows indi- The Democrats at this point have put late savings. viduals to save, to invest in safe invest- forward no plan to improve and save So, again, we work all of our lives. ments, in government bonds, and to Social Security in the future. This is Many Americans, 20 percent, who do have the money they need for retire- something we must challenge every not live over 65, lose everything they ment and money to pass on to the next day. put into Social Security, because there generation. About two-thirds of retired Ameri- is no accumulated savings. Perhaps even more importantly, the cans get their primary source of in- We need to guarantee benefits to to- DeMint-Armey plan recognizes that we come from Social Security. It is too day’s seniors, but for today’s workers, need to set aside even more of the in- important to leave to chance. So our we need to tell the Social Security Ad- come for the working poor so that they purpose here today is to talk about So- ministration something very simple will have enough when they retire to cial Security as it is and how it needs and something Americans already have their own income as well as to be, how we can guarantee the bene- think that we are doing for them. We money to leave. The DeMint-Armey fits for today’s seniors and improve the tell the Social Security Administra- plan allows folks at the lower income program for tomorrow. tion to start saving some of the money level to keep a larger part of their pay- In order for that to happen, there has that workers are putting into the So- roll withholding. They do not take out to be more truth about the current So- cial Security program. We do not need any more taxes. The taxes stay exactly cial Security program. It will not do to to privatize anything. The same Social the same. But they put up to 8 percent give a lot of statistics and a lot of mis- Security system, the same structure, of their total salary into the savings representations. the same payroll withholding, can con- account so that, when they retire, they We just heard the gentlewoman tinue just as it is. The only difference will have something of their own. speaking of money coming out of the is is we begin to save some of that This is a plan that helps the poor, it trust fund to go to corporations. This money for the future retirement of to- helps seniors, it helps America. Be- simply is not true. We want to refute day’s workers. We can do that without cause what changes with this DeMint-

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.089 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H726 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 Armey plan is, when the next genera- in support of systemic and visionary in the next 20 years while guaranteeing tion arrives at retirement, they are no reform that even includes the idea of that current retirees receive their longer dependent on the government personal retirement accounts. Mr. promised benefits. for their income. Speaker, the personal accounts pro- Let me say again, Mr. Speaker, I think it is absolutely imperative, and I b 1615 posals that are being debated in Con- gress today are completely voluntary, extol the leadership of the gentleman They do not have to listen every elec- and, I would offer and emphasize, com- from South Carolina (Mr. DEMINT) and tion that somebody is going to take pletely safe. Investments would be others in this Chamber who have said their income from them, or there is made in highly diversified companies we as leaders in this country in both some secret plan to reduce benefits. plus government and corporate bonds, political parties should make an af- They will have their own retirement a popular pension plan among many firmative statement to the American account, their own retirement income. Members of Congress. people that we will meet our obliga- Many Americans will be wealthy from If it is an option for those of us in tions in the Social Security system; the Social Security system. this Chamber, it should certainly be an that what people expect to receive There are a lot of folks trying to option for American taxpayers. Let us from Social Security in income and in frighten us today, to say if this money give workers real ownership of their benefits they will receive, and no less. is saved that somehow they will not be Social Security by making it free from I believe the time has come for us to as secure. We need to remind Ameri- the influence and political control of make this imperative statement clear cans that if they have no savings and Congress. to the American people, and perhaps they are totally dependent on politi- But Mr. Speaker, let us move on to this Congress will do so this year. cians to give them a retirement in- some of the myths from the left that This leadership and this majority come, they are not secure at all. In are hovering above our Social Security will ensure that workers are allowed to fact, they will continue to be fright- system today, and it makes this Spe- earn higher benefits than under cur- ened and manipulated, like we have cial Order and this time on the House rent law, as we have before. We will heard today. floor so urgent and so important as a give workers ultimately real ownership It is critically important that we beginning in this debate. of Social Security when reform finally talk about the truth, that we debate Myth number one: the President’s arrives. We will enable younger work- real plans for Social Security reform, budget raids Social Security. I offer ers to build wealth through voluntary and that we do not continue the cha- that this is absolutely false. The Presi- participation in their own personally rade of the other side that nothing is dent has proposed a budget well suited owned accounts that they can pass wrong and nothing has to be changed. to this unique moment in American along to their heirs. We will preserve If we do not change Social Security, history when our country is at war, our the important disability and survivors within 30 years benefits will be cut homeland and our citizens have been components of the program. We will re- nearly 30 percent. Those cuts will con- attacked, and our economy is weak. duce the financial burden on children tinue, along with increases in payroll This budget is an appropriate blueprint and grandchildren. We will improve the taxes over the years. That will happen to craft our response to the challenges rate of return for all beneficiaries. in about 2038. before us. In fact, Mr. Speaker, the So- Mr. Speaker, the Good Book tells us Social Security is a promise of the cial Security trust fund continues to that if anyone does not provide for his future. This is not a problem that we grow under the President’s budget. It relatives, and especially for his imme- cannot solve. In fact, it is an incredible provides for every penny of current law diate family, he has denied the faith opportunity for us as a Congress to re- benefits and full cost-of-living adjust- and is worse than an unbeliever. I sub- shape the Social Security program in a ments. mit today that we must, in this coun- way that makes people not only secure Myth number two: last year’s tax try, make it more possible for more but makes them free and independent cuts in some way threatened Social Se- Americans to not only provide for in retirement. It gives the poor an op- curity. Again, Mr. Speaker, this is en- themselves but to provide for their portunity to save and pass along tirely false. Last year’s tax cuts have families. wealth to the next generation. This is not affected the Federal Government’s We do that through strengthening the opportunity that we need to give to ability to pay benefits, and the trust Social Security today. We do that the American people during the debate fund remains unchanged. through strengthening the people’s on Social Security. Some of those in this debate can and confidence in the commitments that Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman will continue to point to tax cuts as a this government has made to Social from Indiana (Mr. PENCE). threat to Social Security, but the Security, that we will meet those com- Mr. PENCE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the truth lies in the simple demographics mitments, that income and benefits gentleman, not only for yielding to me, of an aging population. Eliminating from Social Security will remain firm, but for his leadership on the issue of tax cuts will not improve worker-re- and we will also keep the promise of Social Security reform in this Con- tiree ratios. It will not encourage sen- Social Security alive, Mr. Speaker, by gress. iors to delay retirement. It will not en- being a reform Congress; by recog- Mr. Speaker, this Congress has a re- courage workers to save more for their nizing that if we simply allow Social sponsibility to inform the American own retirement. Security to continue along its way, people that Social Security faces seri- Myth number three: Social Security that it is headed for the shoals. ous financial problems in the not-too- reform will somehow erode the trust But if we will step in with the leader- distant future. We cannot afford to sit fund. In fact, that, again, Mr. Speaker, ship that the gentleman from South idly by while our Social Security sys- is false. Research indicates that the Carolina (Mr. DEMINT) has provided in tem continues to mirror corporations creation of the proposals for personal this Congress, that our majority leader that have become insolvent, like ones retirement accounts actually increase continues to provide, and that other vi- that have made their way onto the benefits for retirees well above what sionary leaders in this Congress have front pages of America’s newspapers. the current Social Security system offered in this area, I am altogether At present today, there are four could ever imagine to pay. Without confident that there will be one bright, workers supporting every one bene- these accounts, today’s workers could shining day when we will have a Social ficiary on Social Security. By the year face as much as a 30 percent cut in ben- Security system in America that builds 2020, that ratio will dwindle to two efits when they retire. wealth rather than dependency; a So- workers for every one beneficiary. The research is accurate, and the cial Security system in America that Americans will either have to endure myths have been dispelled. We as a engenders confidence about those re- enormous payroll tax increases or sup- body must now move in the direction tirement years for all Americans; a port systemic reform. of offering a plan; and the Republicans, bright, shining future when some day, I am here today, along with the gen- Mr. Speaker, have a plan. We will save Mr. Speaker, perhaps Americans would tleman from South Carolina (Mr. Social Security from its bankruptcy not look longingly to the Capitol dome DEMINT) and other colleagues, to stand and the course upon which it is headed hoping that their retirement security

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.091 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H727 would be in place, but rather, they icaid, Medicare, and Social Security. a Social Security program that gives could look to themselves. They could So as we see, the percentage of the the protection of benefits to current look to their own retirement accounts. total gross economy of the country, and future retirees. The challenge is They could look to a system, and they which is now around 7 percent, is going can we get a little better return than could look to statements with their to go to about 15 percent in terms of no return at all on the money. Right own resources, and be confident on the cost of these particular programs. now, with a little extra surplus coming their future because of the resources Trillions of dollars does not have a from the Social Security tax, it is put that they have placed in that trust. great deal of meaning for most Ameri- into government bonds; and when in- It is a vision, it is a long-term vision; cans, and probably not for most Mem- terest accrues, another IOU is written but it begins, I submit today, as the bers of Congress; but the unfunded li- but there is no real money. So in 2016 gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. ability of Social Security right now in when the revenues coming in from So- DEMINT) has laid out so eloquently, it today’s dollars is $9 trillion. That cial Security tax are less than what is begins with a promise. It begins with means we would have to take $9 tril- sent out to pay benefits, look, every- strengthening the commitment that lion, put it in a bank account with a body needs to know there is no account this Congress has to maintaining the return of approximately 4 percent to with your individual name on it as an income and benefits of Social Security accommodate the money that we are American worker that gives you any at the level of expectation that Ameri- going to need over and above the FICA entitlement to Social Security bene- cans have today. tax, the money coming in, the Social fits; and that should be obvious over Once we reiterate this Congress’s and Security tax, to pay Social Security the past years when we have simply in- this government’s commitment to So- taxes in the future. That is if we do creased taxes and reduced benefits. cial Security, once we have laid the nothing. If we can get some of that in indi- foundation of confidence with the So if there is one message that the vidual workers’ names and limit it to American people, then we will lead gentleman has been so successful in certain kinds of indexed accounts, that with reform that will ensure not only conveying, and many of us have tried is what the gentleman from South Social Security for our parents but to pitch in, it is the fact that the cost Carolina (Mr. DEMINT) does in his bill, also for our peers and for their children of doing nothing is so much greater that is what I do in my bill, then you and for our grandchildren for years to than trying to reform the program and own it. If you die before you are 65, come through much-needed reforms. get a better return on some of those then it goes into your estate because it Mr. DEMINT. Mr. Speaker, I thank dollars. This just represents the por- is your money. Right now if you die be- the gentleman. It is so refreshing to tion of Social Security as it consumes fore you are 65, you get $225-or-some- hear someone dispel the myths; to talk the current budget. So it is one of the thing death benefits. about the need to guarantee benefits, biggest expenditures; 21 percent of ev- Can we get a better return on the to talk about real ideas that cannot erything that government spends is money? And how dangerous is it to only guarantee the benefits for today’s now spent on Social Security. keep putting this bill off? I chaired the seniors, but to guarantee that no Here is the danger. The danger is not bipartisan Social Security Task Force American will ever receive less from doing anything, and we will wait until last session, and I introduced four So- Social Security than is promised by the last minute and then increase taxes cial Security bills since I came here in the current system. and reduce benefits. That is what this 1993 that were to keep Social Security This is leadership, and I want to country has done several times since solvent. Every term, every session over thank the gentleman from Indiana (Mr. 1934, because this Congress, in very the last 9 years that I have introduced PENCE) for being here today and help- emotional, vulnerable areas such as So- a bill, it had to be a little more drastic. ing us dispel the myths. We no longer cial Security, waits until the last And if we continue putting this off, need to listen to the fear tactics, to the minute. They wait until it is almost a then it is going to be that much more manipulation. catastrophe, running out of money, and drastic later on. Surely the other side does not want then they do something. Here is the It is going to cost a lot of money to us to issue a guarantee because they do something that they have been doing is pay benefits. We are going to pay bene- not want seniors to know that their raising taxes. fits. The question is can we save al- benefits are safe, because in the up- most 20 percent of the cost by changing 1630 coming election, Mr. Speaker, they b the programs now and getting some want to run these ads that tell the sen- On this chart you see in 1940 the rate real return on that investment. iors that someone is going to take was 2 percent on the first $3,000; and Mr. DEMINT. Mr. Speaker, I thank their Social Security from them. the maximum tax was, of course, $60 a the gentleman for taking the time to I can guarantee today’s seniors that year. By 1960 they raised the rate again understand the problems with the So- as long as President Bush is in the to 6 percent on the first $4,800. In 1980 cial Security system and to tell the White House and the Republicans are they raised it to 10.16 percent on the truth about it. But even more impor- leading the Congress, that no American first $25,900; and in 2000 it is 12.4 per- tantly, for taking the time to develop a will ever receive less from Social Secu- cent. In 2000 it was on a base rate of plan to make Social Security better in rity than is promised by the current 76,200. Today it is 86,000. So it is 12.4 the future. That is what has been miss- system. percent of the 86,000. So as the number ing in this debate, truth about the cur- Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman of workers has declined in relation or rent program and a plan to make So- from Michigan (Mr. SMITH). in the ratio to the number of seniors, cial Security better in the future and Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speak- then you charge those existing workers to guarantee the benefits. That is what er, I thank the gentleman for yielding more and more. we need to bring to this honest debate to me, and I thank him for doing this So we have got that kind of demog- that has been requested by the gen- Special Order. raphy facing this country. In 1940 there tleman from Missouri (Mr. GEPHARDT) If we can convey one message, it is were about 40 workers for every one re- is a plan in truth. that Social Security has real problems. tiree. Today there are three workers Again, I want to thank the gen- I think the temptation in a political for every one retiree. And they expect tleman. I want to thank the Speaker. I election year is for anyone that comes in the next 25 to 30 years it will be two want to thank everyone here for recog- up with suggestions on how to solve workers for every one retiree. The tre- nizing the importance of the Social Se- Social Security, how to keep it solvent, mendous burden on those two workers. curity program, but to also recognize to criticize them, to maybe win some And what we are suggesting now, no- that it is Republicans that have a plan points from seniors by scaring seniors body is suggesting privatization, pri- to guarantee the future of Social Secu- that their retirement benefits might be vatization is a word that the rity. Our head is not in the sand as the in jeopardy with any change. demagoguers use to try to scare people. other side’s is. We are not denying that Mr. Speaker, I have a couple of Every plan that I have seen by every there is a problem. charts. This chart represents the com- Republican, including some of those We are recognizing the problem, but plications of the increased cost of Med- that are joined in by Democrats, have we are developing plans to guarantee

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.093 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H728 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 that no American will ever receive less Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I ment with the three major movements from Social Security than is promised must confess that I have been intrigued of the 20th century: labor, civil rights, by the current program. And we want with some of the discussion that has and women’s rights. Her leadership to put that in writing, and we want it taken place relative to Social Security roles in labor were the international put it down in a plan that will last. and what we need to do with it. And I vice president of the United Food and Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speak- count myself as one of those who be- Commercial Workers International er, will the gentleman yield? lieve that our Social Security system, Union, and she broke ground as the Mr. DEMINT. I will yield to the gen- which was actually developed and gen- first female local union president of tleman from Michigan. erated by Democrats, a Democratic the United Packing House Food and Al- Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Just to em- President, of course, undergirded much lied Workers and as international vice phasize the point, we talk about the of it; and, of course, Democrats want to president of the Amalgamated Meat magic of compound interest. I paid my preserve and protect it. Cutters and Butcher Workmen of North grandson to come in and paint the I am one of those who believe that at America. fence. And I said, Look, will you put all costs we must, in fact, protect and One of the most eloquent spokes- this $36 in a Roth IRA? He said, Geez, preserve our Social Security system as persons I have ever heard, Addie Wyatt Grandpa, I want to put this in an ac- we have known it. But that is not what also played a founding role in Oper- count and buy a car with it when I am I really came to talk about this ation Breadbasket and Operation old enough. So I explained to him, evening. As a matter of fact, I have two PUSH, as well as her work with Dr. Look, if you put this $36 in an IRA it things that I am going to discuss. Martin Luther King, Jr., illustrates her doubles almost every 8 years. So I fig- WOMEN’S HISTORY MONTH commitment to civil rights. ured it out and projected it out so at Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Last month we Her involvement in the women’s age 65 he had $70,000 that that money praised our forefathers as we observed movement has also generated a number would be worth because of the magic of President’s Day, and this month is of worthy achievements. Reverend compound interest; and if he waited an- Women’s History Month. And as it gets Wyatt is a founding member of the Na- other 7 years to age 72, then it would be underway, I want to recognize some of tional Organization of Women and in worth $140,000. He said, Gosh, Grandpa, the outstanding women; women who the early days was appointed by Elea- that is good; but could I just put most dared to be first; women who strove for nor Roosevelt to serve on the Labor of it towards the car and a little bit to- equality and social justice; women who Legislation Committee of the Commis- wards the Roth IRA? not only broke ceilings but shattered sion on the Status of Women. During So the magic of compound interest is spheres in pursuit of rights that should her distinguished career, she advised Presidents Kennedy, Johnson and what can make today’s workers that have been inalienable at the time, and Carter and other important leaders on are modest or median income retire as whose contributions continue to pave rich people. That is what we are trying these causes. the way and continue to inspire others. She and her husband, Reverend to do is having something more than Of course, Mr. Speaker, as you know Claude Wyatt, currently serve as pas- just Social Security but promise the I am from Chicago, a city that is rich tors emeritus of the Vernon Park Social Security, but then have the op- in women pioneers and trailblazers in Church of God in Chicago, which they portunity with the magic of compound both the past and the present. One such helped to develop and which stands as interest to have retirees gain even woman that I would like to mention is a monument to their tremendous reli- more in their retirement years. Ida B. Wells, who founded the first gious and spiritual leadership. Mr. DEMINT. Mr. Speaker, I thank black female suffrage club in Illinois as Reverend Dr. Willie Taplin Barrow is the gentleman, although I do think he well as the first kindergarten in a the co-chair of Rainbow/PUSH Coali- should have paid his grandson more black neighborhood. tion. She is well known for breaking than $36. But he makes an excellent Ida B. Wells was born in 1862, was a barriers in a male-dominated profes- point. If Americans knew that even the slave for the first 6 months of her life, sion. She is an ordained minister and poorest worker, if we start now for and spent the remainder of her life on the Governor’s Committee on the those in their 20’s and 30’s, they will all fighting for civil and economic rights Status of Women in Illinois. She is a have several hundred thousand dollars for African Americans and for others. member of the Democratic National that is theirs that can be turned into a Declaring that one had better die fight- Committee, is a dynamic preacher and monthly income for their own retire- ing against injustice then die like a inspirational speaker, and travels all ment security, but even more impor- dog or rat in a trap, Wells crusaded over the world motivating, stimu- tantly, to have some additional income against lynching and segregation until lating, activating people to realize for their retirement, to pay off a house, her death in 1931. their own potential for not only self- to help children or grandchildren. We Another outstanding Chicagoan and sufficiency, but the potential that they need to help the poor of America de- another outstanding pioneer in the suf- have to help shape and mold the soci- velop wealth that they can pass on to frage movement was labor activist Syl- ety of which they are a part. the next generation and Social Secu- via Woods, who was a pioneer in civil Almost any Saturday morning you rity is that only opportunity. rights, a woman that I got an oppor- can encounter Reverend Barrow at Op- We have plans to help them save tunity to actually know. During World eration PUSH where she co-leads that more and at the same time guarantee War II she held the union organization organization along with its founders, that their retirement income will al- drive at Bendix Aviation. She spent the Reverend Jessie Jackson. ways be as much or more than the cur- much of the 1940’s organizing the Another fine citizen of Chicago is rent Social Security system. United Auto Workers Local 330 and for- Reverend Dr. Johnnie Coleman, some- This has been a great start to the dis- mulating the UAB resolution against times referred to as the first lady of cussion. You will hear more from the sex discrimination. Following the war, the religious community. She is the Republicans because it is the Repub- she assisted women who were laid off in founding minister of Christ Universal licans that have the plans, and it is the Chicago and co-founded the National Church where 4,000 people go to hear Republicans that will tell you the Alliance Against Racism. her words of wisdom and healing every truth. However, at present there are future Sunday. f history makers who are also making a tremendous impact on the lives of citi- b 1645 SOCIAL SECURITY, WOMEN’S HIS- zens in Chicago and throughout the Na- To her credit, Reverend Coleman has TORY MONTH, AND PREVENTING tion. Exemplary individuals from today several organizations in Chicago; the RECIDIVISM include Reverend Addie Wyatt, Rev- Universal Foundation for Better Liv- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. erend Willie Taplin Barrow, Dr. ing, Incorporated, the Johnnie Cole- TIBERI). Under the Speaker’s an- Johnnie Coleman, and Ms. Mamie man Institute, and the Johnnie Cole- nounced policy of January 3, 2001, the Bone, as well as a number of others. man Academy, as well as a book of gentleman from Illinois (Mr. DAVIS) is Reverend Addie Wyatt has the dis- teachings entitled ‘‘Open Your Mind recognized for 60 minutes. tinction of having had active involve- and Be Healed.’’

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.097 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H729 Also, an outstanding minister is Rev- ‘‘civilization is a method of living and This year, more than 600,000 people erend Jennie Pettis, who is the founder an attitude of equal respect for all peo- will leave prison and return to neigh- and pastor of the Family Altar Evan- ple.’’ borhoods across the country. The prob- gelistic Church. In a relatively short She held leadership positions in sev- lem of ex-offenders impacts all levels of period of time, the Reverend Pettis and eral key organizations throughout her our society. In 1998, there were 225,700 her parishioners have built a brand new life, including the National Progressive veterans held in the Nation’s prisons edifice, which they expect to inhabit Party and the International Congress and jails, 56,500 Vietnam War era vet- during the spring of this year. of Women. Fortunately, Jane Addams erans, and 18,500 Persian Gulf War era Chicago is a magnificent city, a tre- was not destined to always be a suf- veterans. The Justice Department re- mendous city. I represent a Congres- fragette, never a voter. She lived until ports that 20 percent of those veterans sional District that is one of the most 1931 and saw an American woman’s in prison or jail reported seeing combat diverse in the Nation. It includes down- right to vote become a reality in 1920. duty during their military service. town Chicago, the Gold Coast, the Mag- In closing, Jane Addams also saga- As of November 2000, 45,617 adults nificent Mile, outstanding museums ciously stated that national events de- were incarcerated in Illinois prisons. and universities, 23 hospitals, 4 medical termine our ideas as much as our ideas During that same period, 29,120 were on centers, 4 medical schools, almost any- determine national events. Indeed, parole. We have even looked at a study thing that one can imagine. But also in Women’s History Month is a national prepared by Claritas and commissioned that landscape, of course, I represent event which celebrates the ideas of our by the Stein Family Foundation that Chinatown, I represent Greek Town, I Nation and the spirit and triumph of 70 percent of men between the ages of represent what is called Little Italy, a the women’s movement; and so it 18 and 45 in one particular Chicago great Italian community, and I rep- makes sense for us to stop, to pause, to community are ex-offenders. In Amer- resent the Ukrainian Village. realize and to recognize the tremen- ica, the poor and people of color are I also represent a large percentage of dous contribution that women have more likely to be incarcerated. Fifty- the public housing in Chicago, more made and continue to make in the de- three percent of people warehoused in than 68 percent; and as the chairperson velopment of this country. our Nation’s prisons earned less than of the Central Advisory Council, Ms. REINTEGRATING EX-OFFENDERS INTO SOCIETY $10,000 a year prior to incarceration. Mamie Bone fights for the residents of I think I will shift at this time a bit, Although the minority population is public housing. She currently serves as Mr. Speaker, and talk about an issue approximately 13 percent, 66 percent of a member of the CHA Board of Com- that I think is one of the most serious the Nation’s prison population are peo- missioners and continues to champion issues facing our country, and that is ple of color. Nearly 4.6 million adult and continues to work and advocate for the issue of successfully reintegrating men and women were on probation or the employment, security and safety of ex-offenders back into the normalcy of parole at the end of 2000, an increase of public housing residents. society; that is, successfully reinte- almost 70,700 during that year. While 52 Other individuals who provide leader- grating ex-offenders back into normal percent of those on probation have ship in public housing are people like life after they have been incarcerated, been convicted of committing a felony, Deverra Beverly, who is the chairman after they have served time and are 46 percent were convicted of mis- of the local advisory council at the now looking for a way to become, one demeanors. Of the offenders on parole, Abla Public Housing Complex. Also, might say, normal again. 97 percent had been sentenced to incar- Ms. Cora Moore at Cabrini-Green, and On February 7, I introduced what is ceration of more than 1 year. Accord- Ms. Carolyn Willingham. Both provide now called the Public Safety Ex-of- ing to the Soros Institute, 72 percent of tremendous leadership in the Cabrini- fender Self-sufficiency Act of 2002. The those entering State prison for the Green complex. Ms. Maner Wiley and Public Safety Ex-offender Self-suffi- first time were nonviolent offenders. Lorena Nellum at the Hilliard Homes. ciency Act amends the Internal Rev- Studies indicate that the median Ms. Gloria Williams at the Nazariah enue Code of 1986 to reflect an ex-of- education level of released prisoners is Safe Haven. Ms. Brenda Bolden in the fender low-income housing credit to 11th grade. In addition, three-fourths of Lawndale area. Ms. Cora Dillard in encourage the provision of housing, job those reentering prison have a history Robert Taylor. Ms. Deborah Martin training, and other essential services of substance abuse. Not surprisingly, 16 and Ms. Mildred Dennis in Robert Tay- to ex-offenders through a structured percent suffer from mental illness. lor. Ms. Mary Baldwin at Rockwell living environment designed to assist According to the U.S. Department of Gardens. Ms. Francine Washington at the ex-offenders in becoming self-suffi- Justice Bureau of Justice statistics, at Stateway Gardens. Ms. Beatrice Harris cient. the end of 2000 State prisons were oper- at Wentworth Gardens. And, of course, The United States Department of ating between full capacity and 15 per- Ms. Shirley Hammond, who has devel- Justice, the National Institute of Jus- cent above capacity, while Federal oped a business in the Cabrini area and tice, said in November of 2000 that in prisons were operating at 31 percent represents the senior housing on the the United States, and I quote them, above capacity. north side of the city; and Ms. Martha ‘‘There are virtually no systematic, As our Nation’s prison population ex- Marshall, who represents the Senior comprehensive approaches to dealing plodes and prison operating costs sky- Housing Central and has developed a with reintegrating ex-offenders.’’ This rocket, little is done to prepare these business which is part of the business is a comprehensive legislative initia- adults for reentry. In fact, the National development activity for the area. tive that will address recidivism, cost Institute of Justice reports that 14 The last woman that I will mention, of crime to victims, and public safety. States have abolished discretionary pa- as we talk about outstanding Chicago Let us see if we can make the case. role and the parole boards that histori- women, is one of great historical sig- The problem of successfully reinte- cally managed prisoner reentry. nificance. Jane Addams, the mother of grating ex-offenders back into normal There is a shortage of vocational, social work, Nobel Peace Prize recipi- life is one of the major issues facing educational and substance abuse pro- ent, and an individual extolled by low-income and minority communities grams in prison. In fact, like States all President Franklin Roosevelt as Chi- throughout the Nation. It is a serious over the country, Illinois recently cut cago’s most useful citizen. public safety issue that requires seri- the post-GED programs. According to Jane Addams established Hull House, ous public attention. While 5 percent of the sentencing project, more than Chicago’s first settlement house for the the world’s population lives in the 100,000 prisoners are being released underprivileged in 1889. Hull House United States, 25 percent of the world’s each year without any form of commu- quickly became an innovative place for prison population are in United States’ nity correctional supervision. gathering, learning, obtaining a free jails and prisons. Nationally, the meal, gaining employment, and even United States Department of Justice b 1700 organizing union activity. She later be- reports that there are now over 2 mil- The recidivism rate remains high, came a vocal advocate for women’s suf- lion people in State and Federal pris- and studies show that a direct correla- frage and humanitarian causes in the ons, more than a threefold increase tion between homelessness and recidi- early 20th century and reasoned that since 1980. vism exists. The Chicago Continuum of

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.100 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H730 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 Care reported that 6.5 percent of re- As these men and women transition which includes access to independent spondents noted that release from jail from incarceration to freedom, what mainstream accommodations, arrang- was a contributing factor for homeless- they need most are comprehensive re- ing housing accommodations other ness. In addition, 7.1 percent responded entry solutions. What they find instead than in hotels prior to release, and that release from incarceration was the are often cold stares, unreturned phone very few ex-prisoners agree to live in primary factor for homelessness. Ac- calls, and closed doors. The jobs are hotels or homeless shelters because of cording to the U.S. Department of Jus- like an old man’s teeth, few and far concern about recidivism. tice, 62 percent of those released from apart. Housing is scarce, and other so- But the issues are much broader than State prisons will be rearrested within cial services are in most cases non- housing alone: Federal Pell Grants, 3 years, and 40 percent will be reincar- existent for the serious and earnest expungement, jobs, health care. cerated, including many for technical men and women desirous of working to Through our legislative initiative, we violation of parole. clean up their act and transition into are looking at reintegrating ex-offend- In 1997, the Illinois recidivism rate productive citizens. ers from a holistic perspective, trying for African Americans exceeded the na- Mr. Speaker, with the implementa- to address factors while acknowledging tional norm: blacks, 48.2 percent; tion of this bill nationally, the recidi- that affordable and available housing is whites, 35.7 percent; Hispanics, 30.9 per- vism rate just might decrease. Preven- an overarching need. This legislation cent; and others, 28 percent. A stag- tion, treatment, and rehabilitation are will help to meet that need. But the gering 36.4 percent returned due to a just as important as incarceration. other thing about this legislation is new sentence. Ex-offenders that are These men, women, and children al- that it is cost effective. It is not de- truly interested in reintegrating back ways must live in some communities. signed to just ask the government or into community life, interested in find- Increased public safety is a primary somebody to provide grants. It really ing employment and taking care of concern of communities and neighbor- uses the low-income housing tax credit themselves and their families, locating hoods all over the country. In the Sev- system that we are all familiar with housing, going to school, oftentimes enth Congressional District of Illinois, where States receive credits based have no place to go. There are very few Ex-offenders Task Force representing a upon population. second chances. broad group, including representatives In this instance we simply take the What happens to a man or woman from national and local civil rights or- number of ex-offenders who are re- who cannot find an employer willing to ganizations, community-based organi- leased to a particular State, and then give them a second chance, refused zations, ex-offenders, academicians, provide credits to that State based TANF benefits, cannot receive sub- law enforcement officials, elected offi- upon its number of ex-offenders. Pri- sidized housing, educational or medical cials, community activists, faith-based vate developers will be encouraged to assistance? We have seen over and over organizations, block club residents, develop the housing that is needed again that they return to prison. We businesses and community residents, which they must hold for 15 years. hope to convince the Nation that by are all in serious collaboration to try After 10 years, they will have recouped and find direction and, hopefully, solu- supporting these initiatives we begin the money that they have invested so tions. the process of, one, saving ourselves; it makes good business sense, good The Public Safety Ex-Offender Self- business sense for the private devel- two, protecting our persons and prop- Sufficiency Act addresses several seri- erty; three, reducing the human and opers who will develop the housing ous needs and barriers this population that is needed; good business sense for capital costs of recidivism; and, four, must overcome in order to successfully we begin to seriously impact in a posi- the communities who will have help in reintegrate. Through the efforts of the aiding their ex-offenders; and good tive way the quality of life for every- task force, we confirmed that housing business sense because it will help a one. still remains a key barrier. In fact, se- Neighborhoods across the Nation are category of individuals to become self- cure and safe and affordable housing is absorbing the economic and social cost sufficient, contributing members of so- a stabilizing force for the formerly in- ciety who then will be in a position to of reintegrating hundreds of thousands carcerated. of ex-offenders back into society each give rather than to take, will be in a From Los Angeles to New York and position to become substantial helpers, year. In 1991, the Bureau of Justice re- in Chicago, ex-offenders are deterred ported that the cost of the justice sys- to make America become what Amer- from a fresh start, a second chance. ica has the potential of being. tem per resident was $299. In 1996, the These men and women face countless Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues, I Department of Justice reported that legal barriers. In Chicago, for example, urge business and industry, I urge so- the cost of crime to victims rises to ap- ex-offenders are prohibited from living cial workers and social scientists all to proximately $450 billion a year, or in public housing and from working in get behind this legislation because I $1,800 per man, woman, and child. many public agencies. In Illinois, ex-of- believe that it could provide hope for That is to say if we could find a way fenders are prohibited from working in the hopeless and help for the helpless. to seriously reduce crime, reduce re- 57 occupational categories without Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman cidivism, provide opportunities for some form of waiver. Nationally, ex-of- from Vermont (Mr. SANDERS). these individuals to become self-suffi- fenders that are convicted of drug of- Mr. SANDERS. Mr. Speaker, I thank cient, to learn a trade, develop a skill, fenses after 1996 are unable to receive the gentleman for yielding, and I con- go to school, get a job, then not only Pell Grants. gratulate the gentleman for touching are we providing for them, but we are According to a 1998 NACRO study, 13 on an issue of enormous consequence in reality helping all of America. Ac- percent of prisoners were homeless be- that does not get the attention that it cording to a poll commissioned by the fore their sentence, and 34 percent had deserves, that is, we have in this coun- ACLU, people across the Nation are not lost homes because of prison. As a re- try the largest per capita rate of incar- satisfied with the current prison sys- sult, half the sample were therefore at cerated people; and I think the evi- tem. In addition, the poll released in risk of being homeless on release. The dence as the gentleman has just indi- July 2001 found that six in 10 Ameri- study also notes that prisoners that are cated is very clear that we do not do a cans believe that it is possible to reha- released homeless are much more like- good job of reintegrating those people bilitate a nonviolent offender. Other ly to offend or to reoffend. In addition, into society. The result is an enormous key findings of the ACLU poll support a housing research study, ‘‘The Hous- amount of pain, human destruction, alternative punishments for many non- ing Needs of Ex-Prisoners,’’ identified and a great deal of expense to the violent offenses. In addition, 69 percent three factors to determine whether ex- American taxpayer. of respondents believe that prisons offenders succeeded in retaining their Mr. Speaker, what I want to touch should be required to teach skills. That homes: one, the quality of family rela- on, and the gentleman from Illinois is, individuals ought to be able to de- tionships; two, the availability of hous- (Mr. DAVIS) might be interested in this velop to the extent that when they ing entitlements; three, current finan- issue, is another issue that does not get leave a correctional facility they are in cial status. a great deal of attention, and that is better shape than they were when they The study also noted that ex-offend- the increasing concentration of media first went in. ers face other problems in rehousing ownership in the United States today.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.102 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H731 In my view we cannot be a vibrant Mr. SANDERS. Mr. Speaker, what wide range of choices for the American democracy unless the people get infor- are some of the most important issues consumer and the television viewer to mation, unless the people know what facing the vast majority of the people? engage in debate. the most important issues are that are The President of the United States Mr. SANDERS. Let me reclaim the facing them. I fear very much that in seems to think that the most impor- time from my friend. I have appeared recent years what we have seen is tant issue is that we give huge tax on national TV programs, I am going fewer and fewer large, multinational breaks to the wealthiest people in this to be on one tonight, as a matter of corporations own and control the country. In fact, as a result of recent fact, but the issue of why the United media of this country. We are seeing legislation passed here, some $500 bil- States is the only country in the world huge corporations like General Elec- lion over a 10-year period are going to without a national health care system tric, like Disney, like Rupert be given in tax breaks to the wealthi- has never been the topic of discussion Murdoch’s News Incorporated control est 1 percent, people with a minimum on any program that I have been on major television networks. We have income of $375,000 a year. and I doubt any program that my seen fewer and fewer large companies Maybe there are some districts in friend has been on. control radio outlets so that increas- this country where that is the most Mr. DREIER. Let me give my friend ingly it is difficult for people in var- important issue, but it is not the case a little bit of advice. I have found, from ious communities to get local news be- in Vermont, I doubt it is the case in having appeared on the different CNN cause their local radio stations have Chicago, and I doubt that it is the case and Fox News Channel and MSNBC been bought up by large national orga- in most districts in this country. programs, you can provide whatever nizations. I will tell you what some of the answer to whatever question you have. b 1715 issues are that the American people are I know that my friend who is so com- concerned about. They are concerned mitted to bringing up the issue as to We see in terms of newspapers and in about health care and wondering why whether or not we should have a na- magazines fewer and fewer large cor- 44 million Americans do not have tional health care system, that he can porations controlling those as well. I think people are not aware of the health care and why we are the only engage in that debate regardless of degree of corporate ownership of the major country without a national what question that they are posing to media in this country and the fact that health care program while we spend him. recent court rulings will make that sit- twice as much as any other country per Mr. SANDERS. Taking my time uation even worse and allow fewer and capita on health care. They are won- back, my friend is right. I can probably fewer large companies to own more and dering about why pensions are being get 15 seconds into the debate before a more of the media. cut for working people all over this moderator jumps in. Some of the largest media conglom- country, health care benefits are being Let me ask my friend a question. I erates in this country are AT&T, AOL cut for workers all over this country, am glad that he is here. Time Warner, the Liberty Media Cor- while the CEOs of major corporations Mr. DREIER. If I could just raise one poration, Viacom, Walt Disney Cor- now earn 500 times what their workers more issue before you pose that. That poration, the News Corporation, Gen- earn. is, that we at this moment, and I know eral Electric, Vivendi, Bertelsmann There are some people who may that as chairman of the Committee on and Sony. And if you add together think, hey, that is a good idea. No Rules that we are not to address those what these 10 corporations own, one problem. No problem that the United who might be outside of this Chamber would be absolutely amazed to the de- States has the most unfair distribution viewing it, but because of techno- gree that they own television, radio, of wealth and income in the industri- logical advances that have been made newspapers, magazines, book pub- alized world, where the wealthiest 1 in this country due to investment that lishing, movie companies and so forth. percent own more wealth than the bot- has taken place into a wide range of A concern that I have is that, given tom 95 percent. No problem. new and innovative and creative areas, this corporate control over the media, But I just met with paralyzed vet- we are able to have this coverage car- the American people get relatively lit- erans in this country who were in my ried beyond this Chamber. I think that tle discussion about some of the most office saying, why can we not put more by virtue of our having a discussion important issues facing this country. money into the Veterans’ Administra- right now on this issue that my friend For example, Mr. Speaker, I am not tion so we take care of the men and raises is a very important one, that has aware that most Americans know that women who put their lives on the line come about because of the level of cre- the United States of America today is to defend this country? Some people ativity that exists in the United the only industrialized nation on earth think that taking care of veterans, States. that does not have a national health putting money into education, putting I should say that it is a complete care system guaranteeing health care money into child care, paying off our mischaracterization to say that we are to all people and yet we spend twice as national debt, might be more impor- not committed from this side of the much per capita on health care than tant than giving huge tax breaks to aisle or in a bipartisan way to dealing any other nation. Some people may millionaires and billionaires. with the concerns of veterans, because think national health care is a good Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, will the we have dramatically increased the idea. Some people may think it is a bad gentleman yield? level of funding for veterans. At the idea. But I wonder how much discus- Mr. SANDERS. I would be happy to same time, the focus on education and sion there has been on corporately con- yield. health care continues to be a priority. trolled media or on the radio stations Mr. DREIER. I thank my friend for The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. pointing out that every other industri- yielding. PENCE). Respectfully, the Chair would alized nation has a national health Let me just say at the outset, as far remind Members that the time is con- care system and we do not. That is an as the first question that my friend trolled by the gentleman from Illinois. issue that should be discussed. posed about the control that the large Mr. DREIER. I thank the gentleman Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, will the media has had in preventing people from Illinois for yielding to me. gentleman yield? from having the opportunity to engage Mr. SANDERS. I appreciate my Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. I yield to the in a debate on whether or not we friend from California being here. This gentleman from California. should have a nationalized health care is a good discussion. Mr. DREIER. I thank my friend from system, I would say very clearly, my The issue that I wanted to pose is, Illinois for yielding. I would like to lis- friend from Vermont and I have to- yes, I can get on national shows and I ten attentively to my friend from gether appeared on a number of fora on occasionally do, but we have a prob- Vermont for just a couple of minutes, television programs that are provided lem. Let us talk about the radio for a and then I would like to briefly, if the because the technological advances second. I would characterize the United gentleman has time, respond to the that have been made in this country States as being kind of a centrist coun- question that the gentleman just due to large investments that come try, not right wing, not left wing, kind posed. from those in the media providing a of centrist. In the last election, as you

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.103 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H732 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 know, Gore and Nader got more votes what is interpreted by many to be a Mr. SANDERS. The bottom line here than did Mr. Bush and Mr. Buchanan, leftward tilt for the control of what is is that one has got to be very naive not by a few million votes. Kind of a cen- called the mainstream media. to understand that companies like trist country. Let me just say, I am not one of General Electric that spend millions of If you turned on talk radio today, those harsh critics who says that. I dollars on lobbyists here to take jobs would my friend agree with me that happen to believe that we need to do to China, that send money to lower what you would hear is one extreme everything we can to encourage a free- their taxes, that send money to build right winger after another right winger flowing debate on a wide range of nuclear power plants, to increase mili- after another right winger? So that issues and concerns. But I will say this. tary spending and so forth are not even a moderate or progressive voice, I know full well that the ownership of going to, within the confines of what the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. the media out there does not play a they own, present that point of view DAVIS) and I are probably progressives, role in the editorial comment when it and discourage discussion on a whole we know that our people are not going comes to the talk show messages that lot of other issues. to have a radio station with Rush are getting out there. If you are a member of a trade union Limbaugh and his friends out there, Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Reclaiming in America, you make 30 percent more Gordon Liddy and all these other folks my time, let me suggest this, that own- than workers who are not in a trade out there. ership determines who the commenta- union. Frankly, I have never seen that But is it somehow interesting, I tors are; and so in a sense you cannot discussion on television or radio in my would think it is somehow interesting, discount the impact of ownership on life, an enormously important issue that a country which is basically cen- what ultimately becomes the direction like that. The growing gap between the trist, that one talk radio show after and content. I find that people listen to rich and the poor is discussed far, far another is dominated by not right those stations more often that they re- too little. wingers but extreme right wingers. late to. And so if they relate to the I am not going to deny that there are Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. I yield to the right-wing station, that is where they different points of view that are heard. gentleman from California. are going to go. And so if the owner But I think the bottom line is, no ques- Mr. DREIER. I thank the gentleman hires a right-wing commentator, then I tion, that corporate ownership of this from Illinois for yielding. would have to agree with the gen- country is growing in terms of the I would say the answer is, number tleman from Vermont, that ownership media and that we are hearing fewer one, it has to do with the market and does play a role in what ultimately and fewer points of view that represent the listenership. The fact is those pro- gets on. working people, middle-income people grams would not be on were it not for Mr. DREIER. If my friend would and minority people. the fact that there is a demand for that yield on that point, I would say that b 1730 listenership. I would say that there are there clearly is a leftward tilt by a lot other programs that are out there that of the ownership, then. Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, if the gen- do, in fact, offer a perspective. I con- I represent Los Angeles. A lot of peo- tleman will yield further, let me to- sider myself to be very progressive my- ple in southern California spend a great tally disagree with the assessment that self, I should say. deal of time in their automobiles. I will my friend from Vermont has just pro- Mr. SANDERS. You are a progres- say that I, as I know my friends from vided. For starters, I do not think I sive? both Vermont and Illinois, participate have ever owned a share of stock in Mr. DREIER. I consider myself a pro- on these programs. There are a wide General Electric, and I have no idea gressive, yes. range of programs that are carried by whether I have received contributions Mr. SANDERS. If you are a progres- people who my friend from Vermont from their lobbyists here. I suspect sive, then I would hate to see who is would describe as progressive or very some of them may have contributed to conservative, with all due respect. liberal. I am happy to participate on my campaigns. Mr. DREIER. It all depends on the those shows. I can name them for you But I happen to believe that compa- definition. But I will tell you that I in Los Angeles. nies like General Electric have dra- clearly do believe that there are a wide Mr. SANDERS. There are a diversity matically improved the quality of life range of opportunities out there for of viewpoints. There is no argument for the people in the United States of voices from any side of the issue in this about that. But I would say any objec- America, and I say that because it is country. tive look at what goes out there, say, very clear that consumer products, re- Mr. SANDERS. I have suggested to in terms of talk radio, is that the tilt gardless of where they are manufac- you, and you do not deny it, that in the is not only right but extreme right. tured in the world, that are sold here last election more people voted for Mr. DREIER. I disagree. in the United States, the best quality Gore and Nader than voted for the Mr. SANDERS. You would be hard- at the lowest possible price, is some- President and Mr. Buchanan, sug- pressed to name national progressive thing that is very good for the United gesting that we are somewhat of a cen- radio talk show hosts. We could name States of America. trist country. You say that the reason one of the Limbaughs of the world ad I know that we have the most pro- is the market. nauseam on the right. But the bottom ductive workers on the face of the Mr. DREIER. I did not say that. That line is, as the gentleman from Illinois Earth; and when it comes to tech- is not what I said. just indicated, when you have a multi- nology, the United States of America is Mr. SANDERS. That is exactly what national company like General Elec- on the cutting edge, creating a wide you said. These stations are there. tric, what is General Electric’s shtick? range of new technologies. This is one They are listened to by the people. But What do they do? of the reasons that I was so proud to I am suggesting that it is not the mar- Mr. DREIER. The gentleman has work on behalf of Trade Promotion Au- ket. The people in this country want a asked the question, what does General thority, so that we can pry open new variety of viewpoints. Talk radio is Electric do? I am happy to tell you markets around the world which will predominantly extreme right wing. It what they do. create an opportunity for goods and is extreme right wing because the sta- Mr. SANDERS. If I could finish, services here in the United States to be tions are owned by conservative multi- please. able to move into those economies in national corporations. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The other parts of the world. Mr. DREIER. If the gentleman will Chair reminds Members that all time is When it comes to the issue of owner- yield on that point, that is just a pre- controlled by the gentleman from Illi- ship, I am convinced that with cable posterous claim, to say that it is based nois. television, with the multifarious radio on the ownership. The programming Mr. DREIER. I suspect the gen- programs that are out there rep- that has come forward and the demand tleman from Illinois wants the gen- resenting a wide range of views, and I for more conservative talk radio is in tleman from Vermont to continue. know from having talked with many of large part due to a level of frustration Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. I yield to the the owners, they do not exercise con- that the American people have with gentleman from Vermont. trol over much of the programming.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.105 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H733 Some of them may be more sympa- Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. I thank the Subsidies in the United States rep- thetic than some of the others; but I gentleman, and, reclaiming my time, I resent about 17 percent of the gross in- will tell you, we happen to believe that would have to agree. I would even go come of the average farm. The average the editorial pages of the New York beyond just the media. I mean, one of net income of an average farm is Times and Washington Post have a the reasons, for example, that I am so around 6 percent. So, again, without leftward tilt, and I think the success of much in favor of employees reaching the subsidy payments, most farms in talk radio on the conservative side is the point where they exercise more the United States would lose money in large part a response, a response, to ownership of where they are and where every year. a level of frustration that many Ameri- they work is because the more you Now, the irony is that farmers do not cans have felt over the message that spread the ownership, the more you like to have this subsidy check coming has come from the New York Times open up the process; and the more open from the government. They would and the Washington Post editorial the process, the greater the potential much rather have a real marketplace, pages. for this commodity that we call democ- where there was real competition So I happen to believe that we have racy. I think that is what we are con- throughout the world, where they some wonderful, wonderful things tak- stantly striving for, a more democratic could compete and make good money ing place in this country; and we need Nation, where more people are engaged farming. And make no mistake, our to do more to encourage creativity. and are part of the decision-making. farmers in the United States can com- And the idea of having the government I want to thank the gentleman for pete, if you will, excuse the expression, clamp down, jeopardizing the oppor- coming down. on a level playing field, with any other tunity to pursue new technologies, Mr. SANDERS. I thank my friend for agricultural producers in the world in which it will take investment to do, allowing me to participate. most commodities. would just plain be wrong. f Our challenge right now is the Sen- I have to go upstairs, but I thank my ate has passed one farm bill, and the friend for yielding; and I very much ap- REPORT ON RESOLUTION PRO- House has passed another farm bill, preciate the opportunity to engage in VIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF substantially different in the concepts this discussion and look forward to SENATE AMENDMENT TO H.R. of where they want agriculture to go again another free-flowing debate with 3090, ECONOMIC SECURITY AND and what they want in the farm bill. hundreds of thousands of people fol- RECOVERY ACT OF 2001 That includes rural development, that lowing us as we talk about whether or Mr. DRIER (during special order of includes the environment in rural not we should have a national Mr. DAVIS of Illinois), from the Com- areas, that includes the WIC program healthcare system. mittee on Rules, submitted a privi- for food for infants and pregnant moth- Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Reclaiming leged report (Rept. No. 107–367) on the ers, that includes the Food Stamp pro- my time, I think both gentlemen resolution (H. Res. 360) providing for gram. would, in fact, have to agree that in consideration of the Senate amend- Just as a footnote here, let me say our country and in a democracy like ment to the bill (H.R. 3090) to provide how we have changed the U.S. Depart- ours, we live often by the golden rule; tax incentives for economic recovery, ment of Agriculture over the last 50 but we also have to acknowledge that which was referred to the House Cal- years. USDA, that part of USDA that is whoever has got the most gold, most endar and ordered to be printed. involved in production agriculture, often makes the rules. And I am afraid f with farmers, now represents only that too much of the gold is becoming about 25 percent of the total budget of PRICE SUPPORT PAYMENT concentrated in too few places, which the U.S. Department of Agriculture. really means that corporate ownership LIMITATIONS I am here tonight to talk about pay- is becoming too powerful; and when it The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. ment limitations to some of the huge does, then it makes for a skewed de- PENCE). Under the Speaker’s an- mega-farmers in the United States. mocracy or a more one-sided decision- nounced policy of January 3, 2001, the The Senate in their bill had provisions making process, and it needs to be bal- gentleman from Michigan (Mr. SMITH) that incorporated a level of payment anced off a little bit, which really is recognized for 60 minutes. limitations in the hope that some of means that more people need to be- Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speak- the large mega-farms would have some come part of the ownership of America, er, the agricultural industry in the kind of a cap, some kind of limit on the rather than too few people owning too United States over the last 100 years payments they received, so there would much. has contributed a great deal. As we de- be more money for what I would call If that is the thesis that the gen- velop this year’s farm bill, we are now the average mainstream farmer in the tleman from Vermont is promoting, trying to decide, number one, how United States and some of the other then I would agree with him, and yield much should we pay in terms of tax programs in the agricultural bill. for further amplification. subsidies to farmers, tax dollars going We passed an agriculture bill back in Mr. SANDERS. Mr. Speaker, I think into subsidies to farmers, to make sure 1996 that pretty much everybody sup- my friend said it very, very well. This that the agricultural industry in the ported. All of the farm organizations is a great Nation, and we have enor- United States survives. thought it was a good idea. What that mous things to be proud of. But I re- Farmers are facing record low prices was is the Freedom to Farm, and it was main very, very concerned that fewer compared to the last 20 years. In fact, a phase-out of government subsidy pro- and fewer people own more and more of in terms of what a bushel of wheat grams. So over 7 years, the subsidy our economy, own more and more of would buy, the wheat price today is payments to farmers went down and our media, while, at the same time, the much lower than it was 50 years ago. down, and then in the eighth year average person that the gentleman and What kind of policy do we want in farmers were supposed to produce I represent are working, in many cases, the United States? We are now in a strictly for the market. longer hours for lower wages just to subsidy war, if you will, with other What happened is the economy in keep their heads above water. countries. Other countries have decided Asia was tremendously disrupted and But the point of my remarks tonight they are going to do anything nec- their purchases went down, and we had was not just to talk about the economy essary to keep their farmers operating, a glut of extra farm production; so and ownership in the economy, but was so they are subsidizing their farmers in prices went down, and even with the to talk about the media; and my deep these other countries substantially. one subsidy phase-out payment, farm- concern is that the American people Their extra production from Europe, ers were going broke, going out of busi- are not hearing all points of view; that from these other countries, go into ness, going bankrupt. corporate ownership of the media is what would otherwise be our markets, Now we are developing this new farm preventing a large segment of ideas so the resulting overproduction from legislation, and the question before us which represent the thinking of many, all over the world results in low com- is should we have payment limitations many Americans from getting out modity prices, and the low commodity on how much money any one farm op- there, and I think that is not good for prices today would not keep most eration can receive in payments from our democracy. farmers in business. the Federal Government.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:21 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.107 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H734 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 Let me give you one statistic. Right family so that my kids have some of benefit as the price support payment in now, the top largest 5 percent of the the same advantages as my city cous- the first place. So it is sort of one can farms receive 49 percent of the pay- ins. do an end run and still collect millions ments. Five percent almost receive Well, it tended to be progressive; and, of dollars in price support payments. half of all the payments. Some have pretty soon, what was considered a I would just urge my colleagues and suggested, look, we do have limits on large farm was considered a small farm I would urge the conferees from the payments. The fact is that we do not and the larger farms bought out those Senate and the House to look at the have real limits of any kind on price smaller farms. Now, over the last 60 kind of payment limitations that still support payments. years, we have gone from an average of can be fair to farmers, that still offer Let me just spend a minute on price about 40 acres, 50 acres per farm to 460 some loan provisions to those farmers supports. In our farm programs, what acres per farm. so that we do not have to glut the mar- we have is we say to a farmer that to Let me just give my colleagues a re- ket at harvest time. cover at least their fixed costs, that we port from the Environmental Working I spent 5 years as a deputy adminis- will guarantee a certain price, and if Group that went to the U.S. Depart- trator for farm programs with Earl the market is less than that particular ment of Agriculture and got all of the Butz, and then went back home to the price, government will make up the payments to all of the farmers and the farm. Anyone that thinks that it is not difference between the current market farm operations in the United States. tough, making money on a farm, has price and what the Congress has As my colleagues will recall, I men- not spent a lot of time on the farm. thought to be a price that will at least tioned earlier that 5 percent of the Farmers put in those 14- and 15-hour cover most of the fixed expenses of that farms are now receiving 49 percent, al- days. They work very hard. They are particular farm producing that par- most 50 percent of farm payments that desperate to try to have the kind of ticular crop. go out. If we were to have the kind of provisions and services and piano les- Just for the record, let me throw in payment limitations that are in the sons and the ability to send their kids those price support payments. The na- Senate bill, it would save between $2 to college. They are trying hard in tional average now on rice is $6.50 a billion and $3 billion. working those extra hours to try to ac- hundred weight; cotton is $52.9 cents a I am going to move away from the commodate their family in the same pound; wheat is $2.58 cents a bushel; mike and just write these numbers in. kind of living as their city cousins. It soybeans are $5.26 a bushel; and corn is According to the Environmental Work- has been very tough. $1.89 a bushel. ing Group, these are the top recipients So we are losing a lot of our farmers, So for example, on corn, at $1.89 a of farm program payments between the and we continue the trend of farmers bushel, if the current market price is years 1996 and 2000. I think everybody and farms getting bigger and bigger. $1.79 in that particular county, then that is watching might be able to see I want to make it clear that the limi- the government will come up with an that. They are Riceland Foods, $49 mil- tation amendment will only affect the extra 10 cents per bushel for those lion; Farmers Rice Corporation, $38.2 very largest of recipients. For instance, farmers. million; Harvest States Co-op, $28.1 the average acreage that would have to In terms of my interest in this area, million; Tyler Farms, $23.8 million; be taken in the last 2 crop years to I am a farmer from Michigan. I was Producers Rice Mill, $19 million. These reach the limit that the payment limi- born and raised on a family farm. I was are the mega farm operations. These tation sets was over 6,000 acres of corn. on the United States Department of are the huge landowners. These are not So, again, the average farm is 460 Agriculture State Committee in Michi- the 400 or the 500 or the 1,000 or the acres, but to reach the payment limita- gan as its chairman. I came to Wash- 2,000 or the 3,000 or the 4,000 acre farms. tion in relation to the price over the ington when Earl Butz asked me to These are the 40,000, 50,000, 60,000, last 2 years was 6,000 acres of corn, al- come to Washington to help phase out 70,000, 80,000 acre farms. most 5,800 acres of soybeans, almost some of the complicated farm pro- What I am suggesting in this short 2,000 acres of cotton and 13,000 acres of grams in 1970, and we went from a debate this evening is that my col- wheat, 17,000 acres of rice. stack about 10 feet high of program leagues work to have a farm program I would note that the average farm regulations for farmers down to maybe that is more fair to the mainstream size again is 450 acres. So these are a stack a foot high of those regulations farmers of our country and to limit the very large farms to reach that limit. for farmers, and sold a lot of the stor- kind of payments as we have a limit in Mr. Speaker, I would ask all Ameri- age bins that the Federal Government the Senate bill. Some of the pressures, cans to work with us in terms of sup- had that tended to depress prices for of course, come from the big operations porting American farmers. I have sug- farmers even more. that are getting these large payments. gested that, number one, we want to We did not have problems with the Bear with me a minute and let me try to talk these other countries into kind of payment limitations in those just go through a scenario of why there reducing their subsidies, because sub- years because the price of the com- is no cap or limits on farm payments, sidies tend to encourage overproduc- modity was higher than the support and that has disturbed me quite a lot tion that has a chain reaction of extra price. We had crazy programs for diver- over the years, because we sort of fool supply, lowering the price, and so farm- sions and set-asides; and ever since 1934 people into saying there is a limit on ers end up receiving that much lower when we first started farm programs, it price support payments. Because, in price from the markets. So we need to has tended to be farm programs that the law, it says there is going to be a work together cooperatively with other had more benefit for the big, richer, limit on price support payments of countries. larger farm operations. $150,000 per farmer. That is what the But I think it is very important that law says. So a lot of organizations have we keep our agriculture industry, we b 1745 tended to say, well, we have payment keep and we do what is necessary in So a big, larger farm operation has a limits on price support. these farm programs that we are going lower per unit cost of production; and, Here is what happens. It is a little to develop over the next several weeks therefore, the difference in price to complicated. But once we hit the to make sure we have a strong agricul- make it up was a little more beneficial $150,000 limit, then we have another tural industry that can continue to to them in terms of adding to their program that is called a Nonrecourse provide the highest quality food in the profit than a small family farm that Loan Program. So any farmer can take world at the lowest percentage of take- had a larger unit cost of production. his rice, corn, wheat, cotton, soybeans home pay of anyplace in the world. So what happened from 1934 through in and give the government the title to Again, we produce the highest qual- the 1960s and into the 1970s is the very that crop. The government will give ity of food at the lowest percentage of small farms went out of business, and him a loan that is equal to the price take-home pay of anyplace in the the medium-sized farms thought, well, support payment, and then that farmer world. That efficient production in ag- if I buy that small farm and I work has the option of forfeiting on that riculture has allowed so many people maybe another couple of hours a day, I loan and keeping the money, which that used to work on the farm pro- can make a little more money for my gives that farmer exactly the same ducing food to try to survive to go into

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.109 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H735 industry and manufacturing and now SENATE ENROLLED BILL SIGNED a Production System [Docket No. 98–023–2] (RIN: 0579–AB28) received February 22, 2002, into the new information technology. The SPEAKER announced his signa- So the agricultural industry that has pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- ture to an enrolled bill of the Senate of mittee on Agriculture. been the most efficient of any industry; the following title: 5755. A letter from the Congressional Re- if we take the automobile industry or S. 1857. An act to encourage the negotiated view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health computers or anything else, the in- settlement of tribal claims. Inspection Service, Department of Agri- crease in productivity of American ag- culture, transmitting the Department’s final f riculture has surpassed almost every rule—Commercial Transportation of Equines other industry. ADJOURNMENT to Slaughter [Docket No. 98–074–2] (RIN: In conclusion, I would say, Mr. 0579–AB06) received February 22, 2002, pursu- Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speak- ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee Speaker, that I ask all of my col- er, I move that the House do now ad- on Agriculture. leagues to join with me when they talk journ. 5756. A letter from the Congressional Re- to conferees and encourage them to The motion was agreed to; accord- view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health come up with a payment limitation ingly (at 5 o’clock and 55 minutes Inspection Service, Department of Agri- that is fair to all farmers, but not to p.m.), the House adjourned until to- culture, transmitting the Department’s final rule—Horses From Iceland; Quarantine Re- give in to some of the pressure groups morrow, Thursday, March 7, 2002, at 10 and the large, huge mega farm oper- quirements [Docket No. 00–010–2] received a.m. February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. ations that are trying to put pressure f 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- on our conferees to continue unlimited culture. payments without restrictions. Of EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, 5757. A letter from the Congressional Re- course, let me add to that the grain ETC. view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health marketers who tend to make a certain Under clause 8 of rule XII, executive Inspection Service, Department of Agri- profit per unit of production also gain communications were taken from the culture, transmitting the Department’s final rule—Imported Fire Ant; Addition to Quar- from having large volumes produced. Speaker’s table and referred as follows: antined Areas [Docket No. 01–081–1] received So those industries, the grain indus- 5748. A letter from the Congressional Re- February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. tries, the cotton, rice, et cetera, those view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- industries do not want the kind of pay- Inspection Service, Department of culture. ment limitations that is going to re- Agiculture, transmitting the Department’s 5758. A letter from the Congressional Re- sult in fewer bushels or pounds being final rule—Brucellosis in Cattle; State and view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health produced because that is where they Area Classifications; Florida [Docket No. 01– Inspection Service, Department of Agri- 020–2] received February 22, 2002, pursuant to culture, transmitting the Department’s final have their margin and markup on prof- 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on rule—Citrus Canker; Addition to Quar- its. Agriculture. antined Areas [Docket No. 00–036–3] received Mr. Speaker, it is going to be a chal- 5749. A letter from the Congressional Re- February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. lenge. I hope we can overcome that view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- challenge, and I hope we can have the Inspection Service, Department of culture. kind of payment limitations that helps Agiculture, transmitting the Department’s 5759. A letter from the Congressional Re- final rule—Mexican Hass Avocado Import view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health make sure that we do not have a na- Inspection Service, Department of Agri- tion of huge mega farms. Program [Docket No. 00–003–4] (RIN: 0579– AB27) received February 22, 2002, pursuant to culture, transmitting the Department’s final f 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on rule—Asian Longhorned Beetle; Addition to Quarantined Areas [Docket No. 01–092–1] re- LEAVE OF ABSENCE Agriculture. 5750. A letter from the Congressional Re- ceived February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. By unanimous consent, leave of ab- view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- sence was granted to: Inspection Service, Department of Agri- culture. 5760. A letter from the Congressional Re- Ms. LEE (at the request of Mr. GEP- culture, transmitting the Department’s final rule—Limited Ports of Entry for Pet Birds, view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health HARDT) for today before 4:30 p.m. on ac- Inspection Service, Department of Agri- count of business in the district. Performing or Theatrical Birds, and Poultry and Poultry Products [Docket No. 01–121–1] culture, transmitting the Department’s final Ms. WATERS (at the request of Mr. received February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 rule—Phytophthora Ramorum; Quarantine GEPHARDT) for today on account of and Regulations [Docket No. 01–054–1] re- U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ag- ceived February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. business in the district. riculture. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- f 5751. A letter from the Congressional Re- culture. SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health 5761. A letter from the Congressional Re- Inspection Service, Department of Agri- view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health By unanimous consent, permission to culture, transmitting the Department’s final Inspection Service, Department of Agri- address the House, following the legis- rule—Importation of Unshu Oranges From culture, transmitting the Department’s final lative program and any special orders Japan [Docket No. 99–099–2] (RIN: 0579–AB17) rule—Commuted Traveltime Periods: Over- heretofore entered, was granted to: received February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 time Services Relating to Imports and Ex- (The following Members (at the re- U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ag- ports [Docket No. 01–111–1] received Feb- riculture. ruary 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. quest of Mr. PALLONE) to revise and ex- 5752. A letter from the Congressional Re- tend their remarks and include extra- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health culture. neous material:) Inspection Service, Department of Agri- 5762. A letter from the Congressional Re- Mr. LIPINSKI, for 5 minutes, today. culture, transmitting the Department’s final view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health Mr. PALLONE, for 5 minutes, today. rule—States Approved To Receive Stallions Inspection Service, Department of Agri- Mrs. CAPPS, for 5 minutes, today. and Mares From CEM-Affected Regions; culture, transmitting the Department’s final Ms. NORTON, for 5 minutes, today. Rhode Island [Docket No. 01–055–2] received rule—Animals Destroyed Because of Tuber- February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Mr. MCGOVERN, for 5 minutes, today. culosis; Payment of Indemnity [Docket No. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- Mr. RODRIGUEZ, for 5 minutes, today. 00–106–1] (RIN: 0579–AB29) received February culture. (The following Members (at the re- 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to 5753. A letter from the Congressional Re- the Committee on Agriculture. quest of Mr. PENCE) to revise and ex- view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health 5763. A letter from the Congressional Re- tend their remarks and include extra- Inspection Service, Department of Agri- view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health neous material:) culture, transmitting the Department’s final Inspection Service, Department of Agri- Mr. DUNCAN, for 5 minutes, today. rule—Prohibition of Beef From Argentina culture, transmitting the Department’s final Mr. ENGLISH, for 5 minutes, today. [Docket No. 01–032–2] received February 22, rule—Export Certification; Canadian Solid Mr. MCINNIS, for 5 minutes, today. 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Wood Packing Materials Exported From the The following Member (at his own re- Committee on Agriculture. United States to China [Docket No. 99–100–4] 5754. A letter from the Congressional Re- quest) to revise and extend his remarks received February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ag- and include extraneous material: Inspection Service, Department of Agri- riculture. Mr. LEWIS of California, for 5 min- culture, transmitting the Department’s final 5764. A letter from the Congressional Re- utes, today. rule—Interstate Movement of Swine Within view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K06MR7.111 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H736 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002 Inspection Service, Department of Agri- port pursuant to the Federal Vacancies Re- methylphenyl)proponal); to the Committee culture, transmitting the Department’s final form Act of 1998; to the Committee on Gov- on Ways and Means. rule—Chronic Wasting Disease in Cervids; ernment Reform. By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: Payment of Indemnity [Docket No. 00–108–1] f H.R. 3869. A bill to suspend temporarily the (RIN: 0579–AB35) received February 22, 2002, duty on NeoHeliopan MA (Menthyl Anthran- pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON ilate); to the Committee on Ways and Means. mittee on Agriculture. PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: H.R. 3870. A bill to suspend temporarily the 5765. A letter from the Congressional Re- Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health duty on Allinat (Allyl isosulfocyanate); to Inspection Service, Department of Agri- committees were delivered to the Clerk the Committee on Ways and Means. culture, transmitting the Department’s final for printing and reference to the proper By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: rule—Change in Disease Status of Germany, calendar, as follows: H.R. 3871. A bill to suspend temporarily the Italy, and Spain Because of BSE [Docket No. Mr. HANSEN: Committee on Resources. duty on Frescolate (5–Methyl-2- 01–008–2] received February 22, 2002, pursuant H.R. 1870. A bill to provide for the sale of cer- (methylethyl)cyclohexyl alpha- to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on tain real property within the Newlands hydroxypropanoate); to the Committee on Agriculture. Project in Nevada, to the city of Fallon, Ne- Ways and Means. 5766. A letter from the Congressional Re- vada; with an amendment (Rept. 107–366). Re- By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health ferred to the Committee of the Whole House H.R. 3872. A bill to suspend temporarily the Inspection Service, Department of Agri- on the state of the Union. duty on Thymol (alpha-Cymophenol); to the culture, transmitting the Department’s final Ms. PRYCE of Ohio: Committee on Rules. Committee on Ways and Means. rule—Change in Disease Status of the Repub- House Resolution 360. Resolution providing By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: lic of San Marino and the Independent Prin- for consideration of the Senate amendment H.R. 3873. A bill to suspend temporarily the cipalities of Andorra and Monaco [Docket to the bill (H.R. 3090) to provide tax incen- duty on Phenyl Propyl Alcohol (Benxyl ethyl No. 01–008–2] received February 22, 2002, pur- tives for economic recovery (Rept. 107–367). alcohol); to the Committee on Ways and suant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Referred to the House Calendar. Means. By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: mittee on Agriculture. f 5767. A letter from the Congressional Re- H.R. 3874. A bill to suspend temporarily the view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS duty on Benzyl Cinnamate (Benzyl beta phenylacrylate); to the Committee on Ways Inspection Service, Department of Agri- Under clause 2 of rule XII, public culture, transmitting the Department’s final and Means. rule—District of Columbia; Movement of bills and resolutions were introduced By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: Plants and Plant Products [Docket No. 00– and severally referred, as follows: H.R. 3875. A bill to suspend temporarily the 085–2] received February 22, 2002, pursuant to By Mr. MCINNIS: duty on Trimethyl Cyclo Hexanol (1–Methyl- 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on H.R. 3857. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- 3,3-dimethylcyclohexanol-5); to the Com- Agriculture. enue Code of 1986 to treat nominally foreign mittee on Ways and Means. 5768. A letter from the Congressional Re- corporations created through inversion By Mr. CANNON: view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health transactions as domestic corporations; to H.R. 3876. A bill to establish the San Rafael Inspection Service, Department of Agri- the Committee on Ways and Means. Western Frontier National Heritage Area in culture, transmitting the Department’s final By Mr. RAHALL: the State of Utah, and for other purposes; to rule—Change in Disease Status of The Neth- H.R. 3858. A bill to modify the boundaries the Committee on Resources. erlands and Northern Ireland With Regard to of the New River Gorge National River, West By Mr. CRANE (for himself and Mr. Foot-and-Mouth Disease [Docket No. 01–031– Virginia; to the Committee on Resources. SHAW): 3] received February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: H.R. 3877. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ag- H.R. 3859. A bill to suspend temporarily the enue Code of 1986 and the Social Security riculture. duty on Allyl Cyclo Hexyl Propionate (Allyl Act to clarify rules for determining whether 5769. A letter from the Congressional Re- hexahydro phenylpropionate); to the Com- certain agent-drivers and commission-driv- view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health mittee on Ways and Means. ers are employees; to the Committee on Inspection Service, Department of Agri- By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: Ways and Means. culture, transmitting the Department’s final H.R. 3860. A bill to suspend temporarily the By Mr. DEUTSCH: rule—Change in Disease Status of France duty on Methyl Cinnamate (methyl-3- H.R. 3878. A bill to enable the residents of and Ireland With Regard to Foot-and-Mouth phenylpropenoate); to the Committee on the Bayshore Manor assisted living facility Disease [Docket No. 01–031–2] received Feb- Ways and Means. in Key West, Florida, to continue to receive ruary 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: supplemental security income benefits under 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- H.R. 3861. A bill to suspend temporarily the title XVI of the Social Security Act; to the culture. duty on NeoHeliopan Hydro (2– Committee on Ways and Means. 5770. A letter from the Congressional Re- Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid); to the By Mr. EVERETT: view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health Committee on Ways and Means. H.R. 3879. A bill to provide wage parity for Inspection Service, Department of Agri- By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: certain Department of Defense prevailing culture, transmitting the Department’s final H.R. 3862. A bill to suspend temporarily the rate employees in Alabama; to the Com- rule—States Approved To received Stallions duty on Sodium Methylate Powder (Na mittee on Government Reform. and Mares From CEM-Affected Regions; Methylate Powder); to the Committee on By Mr. FOSSELLA (for himself, Mr. Rhode Island [Docket No. 01–055–01] received Ways and Means. TOWNS, Mr. MEEKS of New York, Mr. February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: GRUCCI, Mrs. KELLY, Mr. OWENS, Mr. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- H.R. 3863. A bill to suspend temporarily the RANGEL, Mr. QUINN, Mr. GILMAN, Mrs. culture. duty on Benzyl Acetone (Methyl-phenylethyl MCCARTHY of New York, Mr. KING, 5771. A letter from the Director, Policy Di- ketone); to the Committee on Ways and Mr. ENGEL, and Mr. ACKERMAN): rectives and Instructions Branch, Depart- Means. H.R. 3880. A bill to provide a temporary ment of Justice, transmitting the Depart- By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: waiver from certain transportation con- ment’s final rule—Termination of the Des- H.R. 3864. A bill to suspend temporarily the formity requirements and metropolitan ignation of Argentina as a Participant Under duty on Globanone (Cyclohexadec-8-en-1-one) transportation planning requirements under the Visa Waiver Program [INS No. 2188–02; (CHD); to the Committee on Ways and the Clean Air Act and under other laws for AG ORDER No. 2561–2002] (RIN: 1115–AB93) Means. certain areas in New York where the plan- received February 22, 2002, pursuant to 5 By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: ning offices and resources have been de- U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ag- H.R. 3865. A bill to suspend temporarily the stroyed by acts of terrorism, and for other riculture. duty on Agrumex (o-t-Butyl cyclohexanol); purposes; to the Committee on Energy and 5772. A letter from the Executive Secretary to the Committee on Ways and Means. Commerce, and in addition to the Committee and Chief of Staff, Agency For International By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: on Transportation and Infrastructure, for a Development, transmitting a report pursu- H.R. 3866. A bill to suspend temporarily the period to be subsequently determined by the ant to the Federal Vacancies Reform Act of duty on Acetanisole (Anisyl Methyl Ketone); Speaker, in each case for consideration of 1998; to the Committee on Government Re- to the Committee on Ways and Means. such provisions as fall within the jurisdic- form. By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: tion of the committee concerned. 5773. A letter from the Acting General H.R. 3867. A bill to suspend temporarily the By Mr. HEFLEY (for himself, Mr. Counsel, Office of Management and Budget, duty on Methyl Acetophenone-para MCINNIS, Mr. SCHAFFER, and Mr. transmitting a report pursuant to the Fed- (Melilot); to the Committee on Ways and TANCREDO): eral Vacancies Reform Act of 1998; to the Means. H.R. 3881. A bill to authorize the Secretary Committee on Government Reform. By Mr. BROWN of South Carolina: of the Interior to engage in studies relating 5774. A letter from the Acting Secretary, H.R. 3868. A bill to suspend temporarily the to enlarging Pueblo Dam and Reservoir and Postal Rate Commission, transmitting a re- duty on Majantol (2,2–Dimethyl-3-(3- Sugar Loaf Dam and Turquoise Lake,

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\L06MR7.000 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H737

Fryingpan-Arkansas Project, Colorado, and the Bureau of the Census on the 100th anni- H.R. 792: Mr. TIBERI. for other purposes; to the Committee on Re- versary of its establishment; to the Com- H.R. 839: Ms. LOFGREN. sources. mittee on Government Reform. H.R. 853: Mr. ROTHMAN. By Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut: By Mr. DOOLITTLE: H.R. 997: Mr. FOLEY. H.R. 3882. A bill to amend title XVIII of the H. Con. Res. 340. Concurrent resolution H.R. 1117: Ms. MCCOLLUM. Social Security Act to reform the Medicare supporting the goals and ideals of Meningitis H.R. 1186: Mr. OWENS. physician payment update system through Awareness Month; to the Committee on Gov- H.R. 1211: Ms. BERKLEY. repeal of the sustainable growth rate (SGR) ernment Reform. H.R. 1307: Ms. PELOSI and Mr. MASCARA. payment update system; to the Committee By Ms. MCCOLLUM (for herself, Mr. H.R. 1401: Mr. SIMMONS. on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to FARR of California, Mr. WALSH, Mr. H.R. 1535: Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD. the Committee on Ways and Means, for a pe- PETRI, Mr. NADLER, Mr. MCGOVERN, H.R. 1636: Mr. SIMPSON. INGELL riod to be subsequently determined by the Mr. UDALL of New Mexico, Ms. WOOL- H.R. 1667: Mr. D . H.R. 1718: Mr. DAVIS of Florida. Speaker, in each case for consideration of SEY, Mr. HONDA, Mr. HALL of Ohio, H.R. 1720: Mr. GUTIERREZ. such provisions as fall within the jurisdic- and Mr. FORD): tion of the committee concerned. H. Con. Res. 341. Concurrent resolution ex- H.R. 1763: Mr. ROTHMAN. H.R. 1779: Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. BLAGOJEVICH, By Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts (for pressing the sense of Congress that Federal Mr. PASCRELL, Mrs. NAPOLITANO and Mr. himself, Mr. SAWYER, Mrs. CAPITO, funding of the Peace Corps should be doubled ENGEL. and Mr. MASCARA): to $550,000,000 by 2007, and for other purposes; H.R. 1810: Mr. MATSUI and Mr. PASCRELL. H.R. 3883. A bill to reduce temporarily the to the Committee on International Rela- H.R. 1904: Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. GREEN of duty on N-Cyclohexylthiophthalimide; to the tions. Texas, Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mr. HONDA, Committee on Ways and Means. By Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD: Ms. WATSON, Mr. PAYNE, and Mr. PASTOR. By Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts (for H. Con. Res. 342. Concurrent resolution ex- H.R. 1979: Mr. PORTMAN, Mr. KOLBE, and himself, Mr. MALONEY of Con- pressing the sense of Congress that the peo- Mr. OSBORNE. necticut, Mr. FRANK, Mr. DEFAZIO, ple of the United States should be encour- H.R. 2037: Mr. QUINN, Mr. HILL, and Mr. Mr. CONYERS, Mr. OLVER, Mr. GEORGE aged to rediscover attractions in the States LATOURETTE. MILLER of California, Mr. TIERNEY, in which they live; to the Committee on En- H.R. 2073: Mr. FRANK. Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. ergy and Commerce. H.R. 2125: Mr. DELAHUNT. LYNCH, Mr. ISRAEL, Mr. BROWN of By Mr. HYDE (for himself, Mr. LANTOS, H.R. 2235: Mr. OSBORNE. Ohio, Mr. DUNCAN, Mr. CAPUANO, Mr. Mr. BALLENGER, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. H.R. 2406: Mr. FRANK. LAMPSON, Mr. MEEHAN, Mr. GOSS, Mr. FARR of California, Mr. H.R. 2487: Mr. BALDACCI and Mr. FILNER. DELAHUNT, and Mr. TOWNS): KOLBE, Mr. DELAHUNT, Mr. GILMAN, H.R. 2531: Mr. BLAGOJEVICH and Ms. LEE. H.R. 3884. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- Mrs. TAUSCHER, and Mr. MORAN of H.R. 2592: Mr. ROHRABACHER. enue Code of 1986 to prevent corporations Virginia): H.R. 2721: Ms. LEE and Mr. BURTON of Indi- from avoiding the United States income tax H. Res. 358. A resolution expressing support ana. by reincorporating in a foreign country; to for the democratically elected Government H.R. 2799: Mr. ROSS. the Committee on Ways and Means. of Columbia and its efforts to counter H.R. 2820: Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. By Mr. PALLONE: threats from United States-designated for- RODRIGUEZ, Mr. RAHALL, and Mr. PHELPS. H.R. 3885. A bill to amend the Federal eign terrorist organizations; to the Com- H.R. 2868: Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. KUCINICH, Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to require the mittee on International Relations. consid- Mrs. MALONEY of New York, and Mr. ALLEN. Secretary of Health and Human Services to ered and agreed to. H.R. 2874: Mr. FROST. establish a tolerance for the presence of By Mr. NEY (for himself and Mr. H.R. 2941: Mr. GILLMOR, Mrs. KELLY, and methyl mercury in seafood, and for other HOYER): Ms. HART. purposes; to the Committee on Energy and H. Res. 359. A resolution providing H.R. 3026: Mr. DOOLEY of California. Commerce. amounts for further expenses of the Perma- H.R. 3058: Mr. OXLEY. By Mr. ROTHMAN (for himself and Mr. nent Select Committee on Intelligence in the H.R. 3083: Mr. DUNCAN. WEINER): second session of the One Hundred Seventh H.R. 3183: Mr. FOLEY, Mr. LYNCH, and Ms. H.R. 3886. A bill to require the Adminis- Congress; to the Committee on House Ad- BROWN of Florida. trator of the Environmental Protection ministration. H.R. 3230: Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Agency to conduct a feasibility study for ap- By Mr. CAMP (for himself, Mr. BARCIA, H.R. 3231: Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota. plying airport bubbles as a method of identi- Mr. ROGERS of Michigan, Mr. EHLERS, H.R. 3244: Mr. DOYLE, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. fying, assessing, and reducing the adverse Mr. HOEKSTRA, Mr. SMITH of Michi- GOODLATTE, and Mr. SCHAFFER. environmental impacts of airport ground and gan, Mr. KNOLLENBERG, and Mr. H.R. 3279: Ms. LEE. flight operations and improving the overall UPTON): H.R. 3298: Mrs. LOWEY. quality of the environment, and for other H. Res. 361. A resolution expressing the H.R. 3321: Mr. CLEMENT and Mr. CARSON of purposes; to the Committee on Energy and sense of the House of Representatives regard- Oklahoma. Commerce, and in addition to the Committee ing the restoration and protection of the H.R. 3331: Mr. HOEFFEL. on Transportation and Infrastructure, for a Great Lakes; to the Committee on Transpor- H.R. 3397: Mr. WILSON of South Carolina. period to be subsequently determined by the tation and Infrastructure, and in addition to H.R. 3450: Mr. OWENS, Mr. SANDLIN, Mr. Speaker, in each case for consideration of the Committees on International Relations, MCINTYRE, and Mr. RANGEL. such provisions as fall within the jurisdic- Resources, and Science, for a period to be H.R. 3479: Mr. NETHERCUTT, Mr. OTTER, and tion of the committee concerned. subsequently determined by the Speaker, in Mr. TURNER. By Ms. SLAUGHTER (for herself, Ms. each case for consideration of such provi- H.R. 3481: Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island and DEGETTE, Mrs. MORELLA, and Mr. sions as fall within the jurisdiction of the Mr. CROWLEY. GREENWOOD): committee concerned. H.R. 3524: Mr. BALDACCI, Mr. FROST, and H.R. 3887. A bill to establish a public edu- By Mr. HASTINGS of Florida: Mr. HONDA. cation and awareness program relating to H. Res. 362. A resolution congratulating H.R. 3533: Mr. HASTINGS of Florida and Mr. emergency contraception; to the Committee the 2002 United States Olympic Team, Salt ROGERS of Michigan. on Energy and Commerce. Lake City, the State of Utah, the Salt Lake H.R. 3547: Mr. ROHRABACHER. By Mr. STEARNS: Organizing Committee, the International H.R. 3569: Mr. GILLMOR. H.R. 3888. A bill to provide for the convey- Olympic Committee, athletes from around H.R. 3605: Mr. CALVERT. ance of the National Forest System lands the world, and all the security personnel who H.R. 3612: Mr. RYUN of Kansas, Ms. NORTON, underlying the George Kirkpatrick Dam on participated in the 2002 Olympic Winter Mr. CLAY, and Mr. MASCARA. the Ocklawaha River near Palatka, Florida, Games in Salt Lake City, Utah; to the Com- H.R. 3624: Mr. AKIN, Mr. BRADY of Texas, and related lands to the State of Florida; to mittee on International Relations. and Mr. LEWIS of Kentucky. the Committee on Agriculture. H.R. 3626: Mr. TERRY and Mr. LANGEVIN. f By Mrs. WILSON of New Mexico (for H.R. 3639: Mr. BALDACCI. herself and Mr. WELLER): ADDTIONAL SPONSORS H.R. 3657: Mr. LANGEVIN and Mr. KUCINICH. H.R. 3889. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- H.R. 3661: Mr. ENGLISH and Ms. WATSON. enue Code of 1986 to provide a tax credit for Under clause 7 of rule XII, sponsors H.R. 3670: Ms. CARSON of Indiana and Ms. teachers and principals who work in certain were added to public bills and resolu- BROWN of Florida. low income schools; to the Committee on tions as follows: H.R. 3675: Ms. DELAURO, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. Ways and Means. H.R. 68: Mrs. KELLY. LARSEN of Washington, Mr. FILNER, Mr. By Mr. DAN MILLER of Florida (for H.R. 250: Mr. SMITH of Washington. FRANK, Mr. BONIOR, Mr. CAPUANO, Ms. himself, Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. H.R. 325: Mr. MORAN of Virginia. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. MCNULTY, Mr. WYNN, Mr. CLAY, and Mrs. MALONEY of New H.R. 476: Mr. BERRY. STARK, Mr. BLAGOJEVICH, Ms. SLAUGHTER, York): H.R. 563: Ms. BERKLEY and Mr. DUNCAN. Ms. HARMAN, Mr. EVANS, Mr. DOGGETT, Mr. H. Con. Res. 339. Concurrent resolution ex- H.R. 745: Mr. LYNCH, Mr. BAIRD, and Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. HOEFFEL, Mr. RUSH, Mr. NAD- pressing the sense of the Congress regarding FROST. LER, Mr. BRADY of Pennsylvania, Mr. BORSKI,

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:28 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\L06MR7.100 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 H738 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE March 6, 2002

Mrs. CHRISTENSEN, Mr. HALL of Ohio, Mr. H.R. 3762; Mrs. CAPITO, Mr. BARTLETT of H. Con. Res. 320: Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. LEWIS of Georgia, Mr. LUTHER, Mr. LAFALCE, Maryland, Mr. LATHAM, Mr. TIBERI, Mr. GIB- H. Con. Res. 328: Mr. CUMMINGS, Mr. WYNN, Mr. UDALL of Colorado, Mr. KUCINICH, Mr. BONS, Mr. GREENWOOD, Mr. REYNOLDS, Mr. Mr. MCGOVERN, and Mrs. NAPOLITANO. FATTAH, Mr. OLVER, Mr. CUMMINGS, Mr. JEF- ISAKSON, Ms. HART, Mr. SENSENBRENNER, Mr. H. Con. Res. 334: Mr. BURTON of Indiana, FERSON, Mr. KILDEE, Ms. KILPATRICK, Mrs. GREEN of Wisconsin, Mr. WALSH, Mr. KOLBE, Mr. VITTER, Mr. ADERHOLT, and Mr. PLATTS. MORELLA, Mr. UDALL of New Mexico, Mr. and Mr. SHAYS. H. Con. Res. 225: Ms. WATSON. RANGEL, Mr. GORDON, Mr. ROTHMAN, Mr. H.R. 3792: Mr. GILMAN, Mr. BROWN of Ohio, H. Con. Res. 346: Mr. WALSH and Mr. SHU- MENENDEZ, Mrs. NAPOLITANO, and Mr. DOYLE. Ms. BALDWIN, Ms. LEE, Mr. ACEVEDO-VILA, STER. H.R. 3676: Mr. FRANK, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. Mr. LATOURETTE, and Mr. FERGUSON. MCGOVERN, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. H.R. 3803: Mr. BEREUTER. f HINCHEY, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, and Mr. H.R. 3833: Mrs. JONES of Ohio, Mr. DEAL of DOGGETT. Georgia, and Mrs. BONO. DELETIONS OF SPONSORS FROM H.R. 3839: Mr. TIBERI. H.R. 3679: Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. H. Con. Res. 42: Ms. PELOSI, Mr. MASCARA, PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 3710: Mr. FILNER. and Mr. RUSH. Under clause 7 of rule XII, sponsors H.R. 3717: Mr. SIMMONS and Mr. SHIMKUS. H. Con. Res. 197: Mr. LATOURETTE, were deleted from public bills and reso- H.R. 3733: Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota and H. Con. Res. 238: Mr. MCGOVERN. Mr. LYNCH. H. Con. Res. 271: Mr. CANTOR and Mr. HOB- lutions as follows: H.R. 3741: Mr. RYUN of Kansas. SON. H.R. 3693: Mr. LAHOOD.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 00:09 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR7.020 pfrm09 PsN: H06PT1 E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 107 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 148 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 6, 2002 No. 23 Senate The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was to the Senate from the President pro AMENDMENT NO. 2980 TO AMENDMENT NO. 2917, AS called to order by the Honorable BEN- tempore (Mr. BYRD). FURTHER MODIFIED JAMIN E. NELSON, a Senator from the The legislative clerk read the fol- The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- State of Nebraska. lowing letter: pore. The majority leader. Mr. DASCHLE. I send an amendment U.S. SENATE, PRAYER PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, to the desk and ask for its consider- Washington, DC, March 6, 2002. ation. The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: To the Senate: Under the provisions of rule I, paragraph 3, pore. The clerk will report. Gracious God, all through our history of the Standing Rules of the Senate, I hereby The assistant legislative clerk read as a nation You have helped us battle appoint the Honorable BENJAMIN E. NELSON, as follows: the enemies of freedom and democracy. a Senator from the State of Nebraska, to The Senator from South Dakota [Mr. Many of the pages of our history are perform the duties of the Chair. DASCHLE] proposes an amendment numbered red with the blood of those who paid ROBERT C. BYRD, 2980 to amendment No. 2917. the supreme sacrifice in just wars President pro tempore. Mr. DASCHLE. I ask unanimous con- against tyranny. They are our distin- Mr. BENJAMIN E. NELSON there- sent reading of the amendment be dis- guished heroes and heroines. upon assumed the chair as Acting pensed with. Today, we feel both grief and grati- President pro tempore. Mr. MURKOWSKI. I object. tude for the seven men who lost their f The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- lives in Afghanistan in the battle pore. The objection is heard. against the insidious enemy of ter- RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME The clerk will read the amendment. rorism. We ask You to comfort and The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- The assistant legislative clerk read strengthen their families, loved ones, pore. Under the previous order, the as follows: and friends as they experience the an- leadership time is reserved. At the appropriate place, insert the fol- lowing: guish of their loss. Death could not end f their gallant lives. We do not want to ‘‘(e) PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN PIPELINE ROUTE.—No license, permit, lease, right-of- forget them or lose sight of the hal- RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY LEADER way, authorization or other approval re- lowed memory of their gallantry. quired under Federal law for the construc- Renew our resolve to press on in the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The tion of any pipeline to transport natural gas battle to rid the world of terrorism. majority leader. from lands within the Prudhoe Bay oil and Lord God of hosts, be with us yet, lest Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, what gas lease area may be granted for any pipe- we forget what the men and women of is the pending business before the Sen- line that follows a route that traverses— our military are doing to assure us of ate? ‘‘(1) the submerged lands (as defined by the Submerged Lands Act) beneath, or the adja- the freedom of speech and the exercise f cent shoreline of, the Beaufort Sea; and of government we will enjoy today. ‘‘(2) enters Canada at any point north of 68 Lord, continue to bless America and NATIONAL LABORATORIES PART- degrees North latitude.’’ give us victory over the forces of evil NERSHIP IMPROVEMENT ACT OF At the appropriate place, insert the fol- confronting our world. Amen. 2001 lowing: The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- ‘‘(d) STATE COORDINATION.—The Federal f Coordinator shall enter into a Joint Surveil- pore. Under the previous order, the PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE lance and Monitoring Agreement, approved Senate will now resume consideration by the President and the Governor of Alaska, The Honorable BENJAMIN E. NELSON of S. 517, which the clerk will report. with the State of Alaska similar to that in led the Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: The assistant legislative clerk read effect during construction of the Trans-Alas- I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the as follows: ka Oil Pipeline to monitor the construction United States of America, and to the Repub- A bill (S. 517) to authorize funding for the of the Alaska natural gas transportation lic for which it stands, one nation under God, Department of Energy to enhance its mis- project. The federal government shall have indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. sion areas through technology transfer and primary surveillance and monitoring respon- sibility where the Alaska natural gas trans- f partnerships for fiscal years 2002 through 2006, and for other purposes. portation project crosses federal lands and private lands, and the state government APPOINTMENT OF ACTING Pending: PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE shall have primary surveillance and moni- Daschle/Bingaman further modified toring responsibility where the Alaska nat- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment No. 2917, in the nature of a sub- ural gas transportation project crosses state clerk will please read a communication stitute. lands.’’

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

S1553

.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1554 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 Mr. REID. I suggest the absence of a uct. I am not going to belabor the proc- is easy to blame the automobile mak- quorum. ess of how we got here, but it seems to ers. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- be a continuing, changing process. The Unfortunately, we blame the domes- pore. The clerk will call the roll. Energy Committee didn’t act. The tic ones more than we do even the The assistant legislative clerk pro- Commerce Committee couldn’t act on international ones—I am not criti- ceeded to call the roll. the CAFE standards. The Finance Com- cizing them because they are putting Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I ask unan- mittee did finally get together and it their plants in America and we are glad imous consent the call of the quorum produced a $15 billion tax incentive to have them. They can help us, per- be rescinded. package, but there is some concern haps, produce better automobiles that The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- about whether or not that should be have better fuel economy. I hope it is pore. Without objection, it is so or- offset or how it would be offset. So not done just by cutting them in half, dered. there is going to have to be a lot of which is what you get when you go in Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I ask con- work done on this bill to make it ac- Europe. I can’t even get into those sent that the pending issue be set aside ceptable. things they have over there, or any of temporarily so I may make an opening I think in the bill as it starts out, far the other usual scapegoats. statement on my leader time, without too much is dependent on conservation Before we do that, just consider this anybody losing their rights. fact. America is one of the leading en- The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- and alternative fuels and not wanting ergy-producing countries in the world. pore. Without objection, it is so or- to sufficiently address the production This country has the technology, alter- dered. side. I think we need both. I am for en- native resources, and enough oil and Mr. LOTT. I thank Senator DASCHLE couraging conservation with incen- natural gas to make itself much more and Senator MURKOWSKI for allowing tives. I am for alternative fuels. I am me to do this. for renewables. I am for using tax in- self-sufficient. America does not have We are soon going to be proceeding centives to get these marginal wells to revert back to the practices of the with the amendments on this very im- back in production. But I also want the 1970s. The country is faced with a seri- portant issue. I have said several other side of that equation. I don’t ous problem because previous Con- times, and I believe it and mean it sin- think we can conserve ourselves into gresses and previous administrations— cerely, that having a national energy an energy policy or, by reducing what blame everybody—didn’t do what need- policy is one of the two most impor- we use, not be threatened by this en- ed to be done in this area because it tant things we will try to accomplish ergy area. was too hard. These issues are not this year. After providing adequate I hope we will work to come up with easy, trying to come up with an agree- needs for the defense of our country a comprehensive package at the end ment that will provide a positive re- and in the war against terrorism, hav- that is worth voting on, to send it on sult. Whether it is in the fuel efficiency ing a national energy policy is the next to conference. The Senate has been de- area, in the production area—every one most important. While a lot of other veloping a pattern now of starting off of them is very difficult to work out to issues are critical and we need to ad- with bad bills or partisan bills. When an agreement and compromise that dress them, this is a very serious mat- you do that, you are almost destined to will pass. ter. get to a point where you cannot get a As a result, crude oil production is I focus today on my belief that Amer- result. down significantly in this country as ican dependence on foreign oil directly We have not been able to move for- consumption continues to rise. Amer- threatens our national security and ward on energy for a year but now, ica now imports 56 percent of the oil it our freedom. I think it is even bigger thank goodness, we are going to have consumes, compared to 36 percent at than that. It is also about economic this full debate. I am appreciative of the time of the 1993 Arab oil embargo. freedom. If we do not address this ques- that, although I am very worried about We had long gas lines and we had huge tion in a very broad and comprehensive the way it is starting. It smells like a debates in the Congress, particularly in way, the time will come—maybe even stimulus bill or an agriculture bill in the Senate, over what to do about our this summer once again—when we will terms of how it is written. Maybe that energy needs. We acted as if we have rolling brownouts, and someday, will not be the case. I, for one, have thought maybe we had done enough. perhaps, blackouts, as well as gas lines started out by saying: Let’s not focus Obviously it didn’t work because our again. We need a comprehensive, broad, on the negative. Let’s just go forward dependence on foreign oil had gone up. national policy to avoid that. If we do and do our work. Let’s have amend- At the rate it is going, the Energy not do that, we could get to a situation ments, let’s have votes, let’s improve Department predicts America will be where, for some reason, foreign oil im- this bill. I may be disappointed in the at least 65-percent dependent on for- ports should be cut off or a high per- end and some people will come to me eign oil by 2020. That alarms me and I centage should be cut off or we decide and say: See, I told you so, you can’t bet it does most Senators—and most we will not continue to be dependent fix this thing. Americans, when you think about it— on Iraqi oil, or any number of upheav- But I am like Nehemiah in the Bible when we are dependent on oil that als could affect us immediately. It in building the wall. He believed the comes from some very dangerous parts could affect not only our lifestyles but wall could be built. The people didn’t of the world, in many cases, or some affect the economy and the jobs on believe it, but they trusted him and cases very unstable governments. which people depend. Energy is essen- they kept working and kept working We cannot continue down this path. tial to the creation of jobs, whether in and they built the wall. We are trying This bill has to be passed so that will the steel industry, the poultry indus- to build a wall here, and this wall is an not be what happens. We need a na- try, agriculture, or fisheries on the energy policy for our country. tional energy policy that will enhance Gulf of Mexico where I live. So I do think there is a problem that national security by reducing this de- I am beginning to think there are affects our national security in the pendence on foreign energy sources. We people who believe when you flip the first instance. There are a lot of expla- need a policy that provides incentives switch and the power comes on, it nations why we do not have a national for the use of natural gas—a fuel which magically appears out of this wire. energy policy. We can blame a lot of can burn cleanly in internal combus- Somewhere behind that wire are a lot people. There will be those who quickly tion engines and which is abundant of things we need to have. We need to say: Blame your neighbor’s SUV. I within our borders, especially the Gulf have transmission lines. We need to have one. I have three grandchildren. I of Mexico, right in front of my house have a plant somewhere that is cre- like them to be able to ride in the same where I live. It is out there. Some of it ating that power that is wheeled vehicle with me. Or blame the oil com- is being taken out of the gulf now. A through those lines. And the energy panies—oh, the polluters. What do they lot more could be done, but we have a that fuels that plant has to come from think we are going to drive the econ- huge battle to try to make use of areas somewhere. omy with without oil and natural gas such as the Destin Dome in the Gulf of In this bill that we are starting off and coal and nuclear—the whole Mexico, which I think is at least 100 with, I think we have a very bad prod- schmear. Or the automobile makers, it miles from the shoreline. There is no

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1555 need, no reason we should not pursue Is that the way we do things in One of the most significant, respon- that. Natural gas is not oil, for one America? No. In America we make sible ways in which to increase produc- thing. You don’t spill it. things better—more efficient and bet- tion and improve our Nation’s energy We should also call on America to ter. Are we saying you have to learn to security is to build a pipeline to bring utilize other domestic resources live with less and that we can’t have it natural gas from Alaska to the lower through incentives which encourage as we did? That is not the American forty-eight states. the use of marginal oil wells and the spirit. We can produce more. We can be There are 35 trillion cubic feet of billions of barrels of oil we have in more energy efficient. We can do all of known natural gas reserves on the Alaska. Likewise, we should not ignore it if we make up our minds to do it. North Slope of Alaska. Right now, that the use of renewable energy resources While there is a place for energy effi- gas is being pumped back into the such as solar power, hydropower, or ciency incentives in developing a nat- ground because we have no way of get- wind power. Can we get a substantial ural energy policy, we must not starve ting it to people. In the energy bill we percentage of our needs out of that our economy of the energy it needs to are now debating, Senator BINGAMAN area? I doubt it, although I think hy- maintain and improve our standard of and I have proposed a 2,000-mile long dropower can produce significant living. In the long run, a national en- gas pipeline that would create 400,000 amounts. Maybe we can get some help ergy policy that looks at all realistic jobs, use an estimated 5 million tons of from solar or wind. I doubt if we will sources of energy must be developed. U.S. steel, and ensure that we do not ever exceed 3 or 4 or 5 percent, but that This is not the 1970s. America has become dependent on imported lique- is not small potatoes. Let’s do that, better technology, more efficient and fied natural gas. If we want to create too. However, Congress must acknowl- cleaner automobiles, as well as more jobs, increase our energy security, and edge that America cannot realistically energy options. The question is, How help the U.S. steel industry, building run only on renewable energy re- long will we forgo these options and be this pipeline is the way to do it. sources. We must be realistic and pro- held hostage to nations abroad or ex- Last week, Alaska Governor Tony vide a bridge to our energy future. tremists at home who do not want us Knowles suggested some refinements in Despite the most advanced tech- to do what can and should be done? the legislation that would ensure that nology and ingenuity, tomorrow’s en- America must tap the vast resources American workers, and in particular, ergy sources will not answer the en- we have. America can solve its energy Alaskans, get the greatest benefit from ergy needs of today. Coal, oil, and nat- problems but Congress must act in the this project. ural gas remain our most abundant and interests of the entire Nation, rather In particular, Governor Knowles affordable fuels, and they can be used than a select few, or with a defeatist urged us to ensure that the pipeline in environmentally sound ways. attitude. Providing families the secu- follow what is known as the southern My State doesn’t produce a lot of rity and freedom they deserve depends route down the Alaska Highway. This coal. We have some lignite, and we are upon stable, reliable, clean, and afford- will ensure that much of the pipeline is beginning to make use of it. But I be- able energy. America badly needs a constructed in Alaska and that it lieve clean coal technology is out comprehensive, but realistic, national avoids the environmental pitfalls that there. I believe we can use coal and use construction could have on the fragile it in a much cleaner way. We need to energy policy, and we need it now. I say again that while I might object northern Alaska environment and the have encouragement to do that. Some to the content of the bill we are begin- 55 percent of the electricity generated Beaufort Sea. ning with and the process used to get Second, he asked that we clarify the in the United States comes from coal- here, we are on it. So let us make our rules for State and federal cooperation, fired, steam generating plants. Coal to ensure that the development of the can make a significant contribution to opening statements. Let us get the U.S. energy security if the environ- amendments started. Let us see if we pipeline proceed as smoothly as pos- mental challenges of coal-fired plants can’t produce a bill that we can send to sible. Both of these issues are ad- can be met. Congress should enact leg- conference and get this job done. dressed in the amendment we are offer- The President of the United States islation which will provide credits for ing today. Other changes that Gov- emissions reductions and efficiency im- wants us to do this. He knows we have ernor Knowles has requested include provements. to do it. He raised it in a meeting just guaranteeing access to the pipeline for We are going to have that in this bill. yesterday. He didn’t say you have to do new natural gas producers that may Some are in it and I hope there will be it this way or that way. I know he arise in the future, protecting the abil- even more. Congress must also provide wants us to get access to oil in ANWR ity of Alaskans to have access to the incentives for independent producers to and other places in this country. I natural gas that will be transported in keep their wells pumping. Tax credits know he wants us to have a realistic the pipeline, and establishing a tax in- for marginal wells will restore our link CAFE standard. But he is not saying centive to reduce the risk associated to existing resources, including many you have to do it my way to get it with natural gas price volatility. in my own home State of Mississippi. done. Senator BINGAMAN is working closely We are not a big oil producing State, Mr. Chairman and Senator MUR- with others to develop language on but we do have some oil and the wells KOWSKI, let’s roll. these issues, and I would expect the are pumping now. The wells are mar- I yield the floor. final product of these deliberations to ginal, but they can produce five barrels Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I com- be added to the energy bill prior to a day which can make a difference. pliment the distinguished Republican final passage. These wells are responsible for 50 per- leader for his statement. While there Energy for America, jobs and oppor- cent of the U.S. production. We should are some things that might divide us tunity for Alaskans, and no damage to give even more incentives to keep that on the issue, there is a lot he just said sensitive environmental areas should percentage at least in place. that I agree with wholeheartedly. This all be goals to which we can subscribe. We also need to increase the avail- country needs an energy policy. We This legislation, and this amendment ability of domestic natural gas, which ought to be moving forward. We can do in particular, allow us to do that with is the clean alternative for coal in elec- both in terms of comprehensive con- even greater confidence. tric power plants. Federal land out servation and comprehensive produc- I yield the floor. West may contain as much as 137 tril- tion incentives. So I thank him for the AMENDMENT NO. 2980 TO AMENDMENT NO. 2917, AS lion cubic feet of natural gas. Simi- spirit in which he has begun this de- FURTHER MODIFIED larly there is Federal land in Alaska bate. Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I have which is estimated to contain 16 billion For those who have expressed some a modification of the amendment at barrels of domestic crude oil. None of concern about the way this bill came the desk. these facts should be surprising. to the floor, I will just say that this is The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- There has to be a solution to this the way the last energy bill came to pore. The amendment is modified. problem. Some would say that all we the floor in May and June of the year The amendment (No. 2980), as modi- need to do is improve energy efficiency 2001. But I want to address very briefly fied, is as follows: and reduce energy consumption. the amendment I have just laid down. Insert the following after Section 704(d):

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1556 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 ‘‘(e) PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN PIPELINE resentative from Alaska for a long than 6 trillion cubic feet by the year ROUTE.—No license, permit, lease, right-of- time. I think it will improve the bill. 2020. But remember, this legislation way, authorization or other approval re- It will make it clear that the Senate would immediately bring to the lower quired under Federal law for the construc- is anxious to see the jobs created in 48 States 35 trillion cubic feet of nat- tion of any pipeline to transport natural gas from lands within the Prudhoe Bay oil and Alaska and that it is anxious to see the ural gas. So we would not have the 6 gas lease area may be granted for any pipe- economic benefits. It recognizes that trillion cubic feet shortfall if we are line that follows a route that traverses— the environmental benefits are sub- able to produce this gas line. ‘‘(1) the submerged lands (as defined by the stantial as well. In Nevada, 29 percent of our elec- Submerged Lands Act) beneath, or the adja- I will support the amendment as it is tricity needs are now met by natural cent shoreline of, the Beaufort Sea; and proposed. I hope we can get strong bi- gas, and that fraction will only grow ‘‘(2) enters Canada at any point north of 68 partisan support for it. As I say, it is over time. There is the construction degrees North latitude.’’ one of those issues we have debated for now of a number of powerplants in Ne- Insert the following after Section 706(c): ‘‘(d) STATE COORDINATION.—The Federal a long time. We brought the bill to the vada to meet the needs of California Coordinator shall enter into a Joint Surveil- floor with a route-neutral provision in and, particularly, Nevada. lance and Monitoring Agreement, approved it. Now that would change, but it Clearly, the future favors natural gas by the President and the Governor of Alaska, would change with my support. as a primary source of electricity in with the State of Alaska similar to that in I yield the floor. our country. Rightfully, many fear the effect during construction of the Trans-Alas- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I hope my United States will become as depend- ka Oil Pipeline to monitor the construction name will be added as a sponsor of this ent on imported liquid natural gas in of the Alaska natural gas transportation Daschle-Bingaman amendment. the future as we are on oil today. That project. The federal government shall have The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- primary surveillance and monitoring respon- is why this southern route is so impor- sibility where the Alaska natural gas trans- pore. Without objection, it is so or- tant to our country. portation project crosses federal lands and dered. I support the provisions of this act private lands, and the state government Mr. REID. Mr. President, I have not before us. I particularly support this shall have primary surveillance and moni- had an opportunity to speak on this amendment. This amendment would in- toring responsibility where the Alaska nat- legislation. I am going to speak gen- crease the supply of domestically pro- ural gas transportation project crosses state erally about the legislation, but in par- duced natural gas available to U.S. lands.’’ ticular to this amendment. For those consumers by expediting the construc- Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, let who are interested, I think we have a tion of a natural gas pipeline from me speak very briefly on the same clear description of what this legisla- Alaska’s North Slope to the lower 48 issue that the majority leader raised. tion, as amended, would do. Basically States. I also believe it is very important for it brings the route down through Alas- I do not think there is a question of us in this legislation to facilitate con- ka. It is a route of over 2,000 miles. whether we are going to build the pipe- struction of this pipeline from the The amount of jobs it would create is line; it is a question of where we are North Slope of Alaska to bring natural very significant. It would create 400,000 going to build it. That is why there has gas to the lower 48 States. This is an new jobs. And this is an unbelievably been a general agreement we need to go issue that my colleague from Alaska, large figure, but it is accurate. This is with the southern route, not the north- Senator MURKOWSKI, has been urging pipe that is more than 50 inches in di- ern route, for a number of reasons, not for some time. I know Senator STE- ameter. We would need 5 million tons the least of which is the need to help VENS, as well, strongly supports it. I of steel. I would hope it would be U.S. Alaska as much as we can. know that virtually all of us on the En- steel: 5 million tons. It is hard for me There is more than 35 trillion cubic ergy Committee have believed con- to comprehend that, but that is what it feet of natural gas immediately avail- struction of this pipeline needed to be would take. able in the Alaskan North Slope, gas a priority item as part of a comprehen- The bill would provide $10 billion in that is pumped back into the ground sive energy plan. That is why we in- loan guarantees for the construction of because we have no way of getting it to cluded it in the legislation that is be- this pipeline and would bring 35 trillion the people. That is inefficient. We save fore the Senate today. cubic feet of natural gas to the lower 48 a lot of it by pumping it back into the The amendment Senator DASCHLE States. That is significant. ground, but we do not save it all. has now offered would change what we We can all readily agree that the It is estimated that the total natural have in the bill in a couple of impor- United States needs to lessen its de- gas available from the Alaska North tant respects. The main thing it would pendence on foreign oil. The best way Slope is more than 100 trillion cubic do is ensure that the so-called southern to reduce our dependence on foreign oil feet. The pipeline would provide nat- route be chosen. This is again some- is to diversify our energy supply by de- ural gas to American consumers for at thing that I know all of the representa- veloping renewable energy resources. least 30 years, and it would be a stabi- tives from Alaska have urged on us. I We also would hope to adopt a CAFE lizing force on natural gas prices. know Governor Knowles has urged this standard. My understanding is that We have heard a lot from my friend, in testimony before the Energy Com- there is a bipartisan agreement being the distinguished ranking member of mittee. He urged that this be done. worked out as we speak, if it has not the Energy Committee, Senator MUR- The bill we have introduced did not already been worked out. We were close KOWSKI, about how many jobs ANWR specify that the southern route was the to working it out yesterday. Senator would create. But the jobs ANWR only option. We were route neutral in KERRY and Senator MCCAIN are work- would create are simply not as great as the bill that is before the Senate be- ing out something on CAFE standards. these 400,000 new jobs. The pipeline cause we believed that was an issue and Another way to reduce our dependence would provide a significant oppor- a river we weren’t ready to cross. But on foreign oil is to improve the energy tunity for the U.S. steel industry, re- at this stage, I think it is clear that efficiency of our homes and appliances. quiring up to 2,100 miles of pipe and, as this southern route, which was author- That is how we can best lessen our I have indicated before, 5 million tons ized in the previous legislation that dependence, reduce our demand on for- of steel. was passed in Congress a couple of dec- eign oil: diversify our energy supply by The Alaska natural gas pipeline is a ades ago, is part of our international developing renewable energy resources, responsible way to address our Nation’s treaty with Canada. It recognizes that adopt a CAFE standard, and improve growing demand for natural gas. It there are environmental advantages if the energy efficiency of our homes and means energy independence and jobs, a we follow this existing transportation appliances. winning combination. route. It is also obvious that the demand for We may have some disagreement I think there are substantial advan- natural gas is increasing worldwide. In with the distinguished Senator from tages to be argued in favor of doing the United States, natural gas con- Alaska on whether we should drill in this southern route. I know it has been sumption is expected to outpace cur- ANWR, but there is no controversy, a priority for, as I say, the Governor of rent supply sources over the next 10 to dispute, or question about the fact that Alaska and the Senators and the Rep- 20 years, creating a shortfall of more we need to do everything we can, as

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1557 quickly as we can, to bring the natural tage of following the existing transpor- est producer of gold in the world be- gas from Alaska to the lower 48 States. tation corridors and allows access to hind South Africa and Australia. We That is why the Governor of Alaska gas for Alaskan residents. produce large quantities of silver and is totally supportive of what we are There are serious concerns, environ- other precious metals. We don’t have doing. Senator STEVENS—and I am con- mentally and socially, over the north- any coal—good coal or bad coal—but fident Senator MURKOWSKI—support ern ‘‘over the top’’ route. As indicated, we still understand the importance of what we are doing. Of course, if there is the Northern Slope Eskimos strictly coal in America. something that is wrong with this oppose this. Environmental organiza- The United States is the Saudi Ara- amendment that does not meet the de- tions oppose this. bia of coal. We have more coal than For these reasons, the Alaskan dele- mands of Senator MURKOWSKI, we any other country. We want to over- gation, to my knowledge, is supportive would be happy to speak with him. But come the myth that some are saying as far as I know, in the meetings that of the southern route. One of the myths that we have heard this legislation will limit the use of have been on his staff level, we are coal in the United States. Quite to the headed in the right direction. is the Alaskan natural gas pipeline will create less jobs than drilling in the contrary, the energy bill provides $1.9 This amendment has two parts. It billion in tax incentives for clean coal would ban the so-called ‘‘over the top’’ Arctic Refuge. We do not need a battle over which creates the most jobs, but I and establishes extensive clean coal re- route for the pipeline—what we are search programs. The bill will ensure talking about is, it would ban this do say that the Congressional Research Service, which is an investigative arm the use of clean coal in the United route shown on the chart here—by pro- States and clean air in the future. hibiting the issuance of any of the nec- of this body, estimates only 60,000 jobs would be created by drilling in the Arc- Outside Reno we have a power plant essary Federal permits. that was initiated with clean coal tech- Governor Knowles’ testimony is sig- tic Refuge—only 60,000 jobs. I recognize that is a lot of jobs. nology. It couldn’t have been built nificant. He testified before the Energy Certainly, even for Nevada, a State with clean coal technology without the Committee. Among other things, Gov- that is probably three times the popu- Federal Government helping Sierra Pa- ernor Knowles said: lation of Alaska, 60,000 jobs would be a cific Power do that. I am a big fan of I respectfully suggest there are three es- lot of jobs. I am sure the Presiding Of- using coal but using it in a different sential components of this vitally important ficer, if he lost 60,000 jobs in Nebraska, method than we have used in the past. legislation. First, the route must be man- dated along the Alaska Highway, as provided would take note. He would take further Clean coal technology is something we for in the 1976 Alaska Natural Gas Transpor- note though that the Congressional Re- have to rely on and do more than what tation Act. Second, this legislation must search Service reports that building we have done before. This legislation build American industry and create Amer- the Alaska natural gas pipeline would crafted by Senator BINGAMAN will ican jobs. Third, there must be economic in- create more than 400,000 new jobs ac- allow us to do that. centives to attract the private capital to the cording to industry estimates and re- I hope we can move this legislation project which when completed will substan- quire roughly 5 million tons of U.S. tially add to the national treasury. as quickly as possible. We have so steel and 2,100 miles of pipe. The en- much to do in the Senate. The leader There are many reasons why the route of ergy bill would provide $10 billion in the gasoline must follow the existing oil has said we are going to finish cam- pipeline from the Alaska North Slope to loan guarantees for the pipeline. paign finance reform. We have all the Fairbanks and then the Alaska Highway This is a good amendment. It is not many items we talked about for so long through Canada to Alberta. only a good amendment, it is a good that we have to do, now that we are a It is currently authorized in ANGTA [Alas- bill. This bill does some things impor- little bit removed from September 11, ka Natural Gas Transportation Act] and a tant for the State of Nevada. We have even though that still is our first fixa- presidential decision. It is part of an inter- been very concerned about the FERC tion. Prescription drug benefits is national treaty with Canada. It recognizes having too many new broad authorities something we have to work on. We the environmental advantage of following at the expense of State authority. In have all the appropriations bills to existing transportation corridors. It allows reality, under this Senate bill, FERC is vitally important access to the gas for the pass. residents and businesses in Alaska. For these given limited authorities that both Democrats and Republicans have advo- We recognize we need an energy pol- reasons, this route has the broadest support icy. I commend and applaud the Sen- among Alaskans of any major project in re- cated for years to oversee the reli- cent history. ability of the grid and require that all ator from New Mexico, chairman of Additionally, there are serious concerns utilities play by the same transmission this committee, for this work of art, over the proposed alternative route com- rules. California and Nevada were hurt some would say, he has given to us. He monly known as the northern or ‘‘over the significantly during the past year by has worked hard. We have a good piece top’’ route. This route would originate on actions of FERC, and this certainly of legislation. I look forward to work- the Alaskan North Slope then proceed 240 will not strengthen FERC’s role. ing with him and Senator MURKOWSKI miles under the ice-choked Beaufort Sea to Some loopholes in FERC’s merger re- to come up with an energy policy for the Mackenzie River Delta and then up that this country and move this legislation river drainage to Alberta. view authority are filled, but the bill First and perhaps the most significant op- does not deregulate the electricity in- out of the Senate, move it to the House position to that route has come from the dustry. In fact, some needed FERC au- where we can have a conference, and unanimous objections of the North Slope thorities are strengthened, as indicated come back with something for the Inupiat Eskimos. At a recent public hearing, by both Democrats and Republicans, to President to sign. their corporate, community, and tribal lead- ensure markets can be relied upon to The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- ers vowed they would use every resource provide low-cost electricity. pore. The Senator from Alaska. available to them to fight this route, which Another myth is that the Senate en- Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, the would threaten their cultural and nutri- ergy bill fails to exploit the Nation’s tional dependence on marine mammals. pending business before the Senate is potential to produce and use oil and Second, both Alaskan and national envi- Senator DASCHLE’s amendment to the natural gas. In reality, oil and natural ronmental organizations have said they too pending underlying bill, S. 517; is that gas will continue to play an integral strenuously oppose this ill-conceived fron- correct? tier route. Calling for previously untested role in the U.S. energy policy. This bill technologies and risky ventures underwater, before the Senate provides $4.6 billion The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- this project could never be considered as a in tax incentives for oil and natural pore. The Senator is correct. preferred alternative to an existing land gas and $10 billion in loan guarantees, Mr. MURKOWSKI. I join with Sen- transportation corridor. as we have talked about this morning, ator STEVENS and certainly our col- This is the Governor of Alaska. I to build the Alaska natural gas pipe- league on the House side, Representa- quoted him verbatim. line which will bring 35 trillion cubic tive YOUNG, and commend the majority The southern route, as he indicated, feet of natural gas to the lower 48 for introducing this amendment that is authorized in ANGTA and is part of States. selects a southern route for the devel- an international treaty with Canada. It Nevada has no coal. We are rich in opment of natural gas from the State recognizes the environmental advan- other minerals. We are the third larg- of Alaska.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1558 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 I believe that while we have sup- The point of this discussion is to further down toward the delta and then ported without exception the designa- make sure that we are not solely bound down to Valdez, where we could liquefy tion of the southern route, the amend- to this southern route that is offered it. ment in itself is not complete and does by the Majority Leader. I might add So I am very sensitive about this and not represent the total interest of that we are going to have some charts hope that we can work with the major- Alaskans. I will explain that further. to show you because I think it is im- ity to include in this amendment a First of all, it is appropriate to note portant that you understand that the comprehensive accommodation, since that as far as the responsibility of the southern route, as it is conceived, from we are so interested this morning—I Senate is concerned, we have finally the Prudhoe Bay area, follows an exist- must say I am very pleased that this met one responsibility associated with ing pipeline approximately down to isn’t the first amendment of the major- the energy bill; that is, to have bipar- Fairbanks. Then it takes off in Fair- ity where they chose to be responsive tisan support for the designation of the banks and goes down toward the delta to our concerns in our State. Again, I southern route. It is also appropriate area, where it branches off and goes to remind my colleagues that H.R. 4, of to recognize that the House initiated Valdez. course, already designated a southern this some time ago. It is in H.R. 4, the This amendment, in general, would route. But I sense a certain eagerness specific designation of a southern cover the southern route, the highway to accommodate a gas pipeline, and I route. route. But we want to make sure it am wondering to what extent. I have I was very glad to see the leader was does not exclude, if you will—because the strange feeling that it is at the ex- so anxious to bring this up as the first the possibility of exporting LNG is pense of ANWR. amendment from the majority. It very real, and it has been promoted for We are going to have an opportunity shows that Alaskans can prevail—our some time—I want to make sure that is to talk about ANWR and to provide an Governor, our Lieutenant Governor, included as an alternative. amendment. But I think there is an in- Senator STEVENS and myself, Rep- Secondly, we have every reason to teresting point that has been over- resentative YOUNG. looked. Since the majority was so anx- On the other hand, in the interest of believe that in the area associated with Point Mackenzie in the Matanuska ious to accommodate us, in the sense full disclosure, it is appropriate to note that we have had this issue before us that my objection, when the majority Valley, where they are putting in a port development, that we have the relative to the gas pipeline for so long, leader asked unanimous consent to ter- I am curious to know why it wasn’t in minate reading of the amendment, was availability of gas to come down from Fairbanks, perhaps under the railroad the underlying bill. But beggars cannot that I had not seen the amendment and be choosers, and it is in here this morn- believed it should have been read. I right of way, and come into the par- ticular area ahead of Cook Inlet and ing and I am very pleased. have seen the amendment and, as a I see my good friend seeking recogni- the Matanuska Valley, where there is a consequence, believe that while the tion. I will respond to his question. amendment, certainly in general port being built. Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, I Then there is the recognition that terms, addresses the bottom line— thought it appropriate that I try to re- Anchorage receives most of its gas namely, the southern route—it does spond to the Senator from Alaska. I from the fields of Cook Inlet and the not address what Alaskans want. What tried to explain earlier that my think- Alaskans want is a little broader series Kenai area. We want to make sure An- ing at the time we put the bill together of alternatives. chorage has access to this gas. Further, for consideration in the Senate was I will be working with the majority we have large petrochemical plants in that we should bring a bill to the Sen- in hopes that we can include that in Alaska—the only year-round manufac- ate floor that was route neutral. We the amendment. Of course, I will be a turing facilities we have, as a matter of had received urging that we prohibit cosponsor of the amendment. fact, so we think they are large, but use of the northern route. But it did Specifically, what Alaskans want is they are small by U.S. standards, like not seem to me, knowing what we did to have alternatives for that gas, that the ones down on the Kenai Peninsula. at that point, that was the right 37 trillion cubic feet of gas that lies be- So I don’t want to see this amendment course. Since then, we have gotten neath the oil fields of Prudhoe Bay. limited to strictly a southern route so more information from the Governor of What are those alternatives? They pri- that would market the gas only Alaska, from the Senators from Alas- marily are associated with utilizing through Canada and into the lower 48. ka, from the environmental commu- that gas in Alaska on several alter- We want the market to dictate where nity, and from those who currently native routes if, indeed, the economics this gas goes. It is important. hold a right of way to construct the support routing. As the President is Unfortunately, the way this was han- pipeline under existing law. It seems to well aware, our oil goes down to dled, I can only assume that there is a me the weight of the evidence is clear- Valdez, AK, through the 800-mile pipe- process here that might involve a little ly in favor of the amendment that Sen- line and moves down the west coast of politics. I was prepared to offer, in my ator DASCHLE has now proposed and for the United States to Washington, to amendment—which would mandate a which I think we have good bipartisan California, where it is refined. southern route—that would specifically support. I point out also that this There has been for many years pro- contain alternatives that are certainly amendment does not limit options as motion of an idea that one of the po- in the interest of Alaska. I have not far as where the pipeline goes, except tential markets for Alaska’s gas—be- seen the correspondence from our Gov- that it prohibits the use of the north- cause there is every reason to believe ernor or Lieutenant Governor to the ern route. That is what it does. we are going to find more gas than the majority. So I cannot comment on how Clearly, I think the consensus now in 37 trillion cubic feet we found acciden- broad the request was from the stand- the Senate among those I have spoken tally hunting for oil—is the ability to point of inclusion and having alter- to is that is the correct course to fol- liquefy that gas and either ship it down natives. But I know from my contacts low, and I think that is what we are the west coast of the United States or with Alaskans they want alternatives, trying to do by this amendment. ship it to the Orient. There have been and they don’t want to be limited by Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I projects where millions of dollars have this amendment to one specific des- appreciate the response of my good been expended exploring the route. Not ignated southern route that would not friend, Senator BINGAMAN, and he is my too many people in this body know allow the availability of those alter- friend. We have worked on this issue. I that in the early sixties, the first LNG natives. appreciate his explanation. But I have in Japan came from Alaska, a million Let me put it another way. We want to refer to the fact that route issue has tons a year. That contract has been re- to make sure the market dictates the been around for a while because the newed and a new fleet of ships has been alternatives of either bringing it down House had it in its bill. Of course, we built. Alaska is no stranger to export- toward Anchorage, bringing it down to- were not a party to the process of de- ing LNG. It came from a field near An- ward the Kenai Peninsula and the veloping the underlying bill as the mi- chorage, and the reserves there are Matanuska Valley and the port that is nority, so we didn’t have an oppor- somewhat limited or we would be ex- under development there, as well as tunity to address the route issue, and porting more LNG from that point. having the availability of bringing it the bill came in route neutral.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1559 Today, it is no longer route neutral. What do I mean by a safety net? If we The only thing that is going to build We appreciate that fact. We will co- are going to put out that kind of the project is the economics, and that sponsor it, but we are going to add a money and the price of gas drops below is what we are working on. little more to it. I am sure the major- your cost, as the Presiding Officer We have Exxon, BP, and Phillips as ity would agree it is in the interest of knows as a businessman, you cannot primary partners. However, as you Alaska, since we are anxious to make stay in business very long. know, they are not all the same size. that accommodation. Again, we are We are not breaking new ground Some are a little bigger and take a lit- most appreciative. But it didn’t just here. We have seen deep water royalty tle bigger risk. come up. It came from H.R. 4, and we relief, and that is evident in the drill- I want to make the record very clear have always been in favor because, ob- ing that goes on in the Gulf of Mexico. on what we have done today as we have viously, the other alternative is simply We are going to need something with designated a route, and we are going to to take the gas over the top, so to this pipeline. broaden it with alternatives, but the We have been communicating with speak, as you can see, from Prudhoe real crux is coming up with this safety the Governor’s office. In fact, we pro- Bay. You take it along the Arctic net. vided most of the information that has Ocean off the 1002 area of the Arctic It is fair to close with my wariness, if National Wildife Refuge, over into Can- come back in a rather roundabout way you will, that suddenly we have this ada, and then come down. to the majority because we work with broad support for a gas line, but is it at Obviously, that is in the best interest the Governor’s office. From Wash- of Alaska, not in the best interest of ington, it goes to Juneau and back and the price of ANWR? As I indicated, as jobs. makes a rather circuitous route be- far as Alaskans are concerned, there is In any event, the amendment is the cause it ends up with the majority no quid pro quo; these have to stand pending business. We are going to have leader of the Democratic Party. This is independently. I do not want to hear Members talk this morning, giving just politics, but much of the input is Members say: I am for you on the gas their opening statements on the energy ours, and that is an obligation Senator line but I am against you on ANWR. bill. I believe there is an effort to ac- STEVENS and I have. We will do it and Members should be making a decision commodate our friend from Utah for a continue to do it, even if it makes al- on what is right for America. short statement on the successful most a full circle. As a consequence, I point out that Olympics. We certainly congratulate The crux of this is the principals perhaps our Governor could intervene, him and his colleague for providing us have expended roughly $100 million, as he has in communicating to the ma- that great, extraordinary experience. evaluating this project, and they say jority with regard to the language des- There are a couple more comments I currently, because of the price of gas, ignating a southern route. I suppose I do want to make relative to the com- it is uneconomical. Mr. President, you could send something up asking the parison between the gas line develop- know what that means, and I know Governor to intervene on ANWR and ment and the prospects of whether or what that means, and I am not very maybe he could prevail upon the ma- not some see it as a tradeoff for ANWR. happy about it. But at the current jority to include ANWR in the amend- I assure the majority that these two price of gas, it is not economical. ment, but I assume that would not issues are not quid pro quo issues; they On the other hand, on the positive stand the test of time. His support have to stand on their own, as they side, the prospects for development are might be able to overcome the threat should. It is unfortunate they have good because we are pulling down our of a filibuster by the majority because come up in the same time sequence, gas reserves in the United States much Senator DASCHLE has already indicated but that is the reality of the way faster than we are finding new gas re- they are prepared to basically fili- things happen. serves. There is no question this gas buster, filing cloture, requiring 60 Again, as we look at where we are in will be marketed. There is a question votes. I hope that if the Governor is as the debate, as we look at the reality ultimately of whether it will be just successful this morning on the route that the majority has chosen this as the U.S. domestic market or an LNG designation, he might be able to ad- their first amendment, had we had an market in the Pacific rim. The eco- dress the ANWR issue as well. opportunity to offer the first amend- nomics dictate, but in order for this to Again, we have to understand poli- ment, it would have been a similar be built now, there has to be some ar- tics. So as we look at where we are, I amendment, but it would have been rangement that if the price of gas falls think we have to recognize we have a more inclusive for Alaska allowing for below a certain level, there is a safety gigantic project that is before us that alternatives. net. is in the interest of the United States. I want to make sure my Alaska Who is going to underwrite that safe- I am talking about both projects be- friends know the order of preference. ty net? Obviously, we are looking to- cause they are different. The majority When you are in the minority, you are ward the Federal Government, the whip has made his comments relative in the minority. That is the harsh re- same as we do in deep water royalty re- to jobs. The interesting thing is we im- ality. The majority has every right to lief in the Gulf of Mexico. In Alaska, port about 15 percent of our natural gas present this as their first amendment. we have a frontier area; we do not have in this country, primarily from Can- But I want to make it very clear, had the infrastructure. What is different ada, but we import 58 percent of our they not, we would have presented this about our gas is it is nearly 3,000 miles oil. That ought to address some con- as our first amendment. It would have away from the Chicago market where cerns about the vulnerability of the been broader. It would have been more ultimately the volume is anticipated. country. inclusive. It is not that our gas is different, but I have a couple more points to make. it has to be moved further, and to move I hear a lot relative to jobs in this de- Again, this amendment does not ad- it further costs more money. What we bate. The jobs in ANWR are all Amer- dress the crucial underlying feature as- need in this equation is a safety net ican jobs, but if one looks at that pipe- sociated with this gas line. This gas is that perhaps could be paid back when line that the majority has in their on State lands. The leases belong to the price of gas goes over a certain chart, look how much goes through Phillips, British Petroleum, and they level. Canada vis-a-vis how much goes belong primarily to Exxon. They are We are not looking for a handout. through Alaska. No question, there is the companies that are going to have But the problem we have is the me- probably two and a half to three times to build this pipeline or work with a chanics are not done yet. We do not more activity that will take place in consortium of gas line companies, such know how it scores. I do not know that Canada. Those are going to be Cana- as Duke, Williams, El Paso, Foothills. the people who are in the business of dian jobs, but opening ANWR will cre- This is going to be a gigantic project. scoring really understand, but the con- ate all American jobs. I am sure the It is going to cost somewhere in the cept is fair and equitable, and we are majority has been contacted by labor area of $15 billion to $20 billion. It will going to pursue it. I am very happy the and labor has indicated how important be the largest construction project in majority is going to pursue it with us. those jobs are to America. the history of North America. But it While route selection is vital and im- We need to understand the project a needs a safety net. portant, it does not build the project. little better. We need to have more

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1560 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 Members visit the area. We need to rec- I hope we can vote on this issue. If It is my understanding, based upon ognize this project is designed to be there is anything that the Senator what Senator MURKOWSKI said, that constructed using 52-inch X–80 steel. needs or believes is appropriate to im- Senator BENNETT is wishing to speak as How many steel mills in the United prove it, we can work at the staff level in morning business. Is that right? And States make this steel? Zero. This is an and then with the principals. We will if I could ask a question of my friend order that is estimated to be some- be happy to do that. from Utah, who I am sure is very proud where in the neighborhood of $3 billion I say to my friend from Alaska, for of being able to talk about the way the to $5 billion. Do you know what they whom I have the greatest respect, this Olympics went off—Utah should be say? We are not geared up to it. is quite interesting. I wish Nevada had very proud—how long does the Senator I do not know about the Chair, but I the choices that Alaska has today. wish to speak? am inclined to think, as a business- That is, this bill is going to give Alas- Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, some- man, if he had an order that big, he ka something. It is a question of how where between 15 and 20 minutes. would start figuring out a way to try much. It is a question of whether Alas- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I yield to to participate. I certainly would. ka is going to get ANWR and this pipe- my friend from Alaska. What happened the last time we built line or just get the pipeline. But there Mr. MURKOWSKI. If I may respond, an 800-mile pipeline for oil? Do you is no question that Alaska, after this the Senator from Kentucky seeks rec- know where the pipe was built? In legislation passes, is going to have the ognition also. Japan, in Korea, and Italy. Why? Our hope of a significant number of new Mr. REID. I was going to get to that. steel mills were not geared up. In other jobs. Mr. MURKOWSKI. We generally words, they could not compete. Well, As the Senator from Alaska knows, I agreed, subject to the Senator’s con- that is another argument for another do not favor ANWR and we are going to currence, that we would do that in the day. We have quotas on steel, but have a debate relatively soon on that. order of the Senator from Kentucky clearly this is the biggest order ever I hope we can fix the debate on that and then our friend from Utah. contemplated associated with the nat- issue and resolve it after everyone has Mr. REID. I will bet my friend, the ural gas issue. So I hope this will be an an opportunity to say what they want Senator from Kentucky, the hall of awakening to the American steel in- and move on to the rest of this legisla- famer, is not here to brag about Alas- dustry that there is some business at tion. Whoever in effect wins, let us ka. home, big business. They have not had move on. It is a question of who has 60 I ask unanimous consent that fol- a $3 billion to $5 billion order in a cen- votes, I guess, in this Chamber. So I lowing the remarks of the Senator tury. It would take the entire output of look forward to that. from Kentucky, the Senator from Utah I also say that not only is Alaska the steel mills in Korea and Japan for be recognized as in morning business looking to this legislation with favor nearly 2 years to build this gas pipe- for up to 30 minutes. but there are lots of others looking to line. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without this legislation with favor, not the So we are going to have an inter- objection, it is so ordered. least of which, as the Senator from esting debate. I hopefully have cleared Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, be- Alaska has said, are the steel compa- the air on the amendment. I look for- fore I recognize my friend from Ken- nies and steel workers in America. tucky, I say I think it is rather inter- ward to the debate. I agree with the Senator from Alaska I ask unanimous consent that I be esting to reflect on the contentious we can bring our steel mills back into portions that are in this bill. Every- added as a cosponsor on the amend- production. With what the President thing focuses either on ANWR or the ment. did yesterday, it certainly is a step in The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. NEL- gas line. The electricity portion could the right direction. If we pass this leg- SON of Florida). Without objection, it is be very complex. CAFE is going to be islation, hopefully they can get geared agonizing. Renewables are going to be so ordered. The Senator will be added up to move forward. as a cosponsor. One of the problems we have, of agonizing. Mr. MURKOWSKI. I hope we will be course, is companies are no longer just I was somewhat alerted by the whip able to work with the majority to ex- American companies, they are inter- who indicated this vote will be a 60 pand the amendment as Alaskans have national companies, and sometimes vote. Ordinarily, on issues around here, expressed their desire to have various they do not look at building things in 51 votes are enough to carry. But it is alternatives for the marketing of our America in the right light. So I recog- important to recognize the ground has gas. I thank the Chair. nize other issues are important to ad- already been laid, and the reason is in- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- dress with respect to the pipeline, and teresting. It is contentious. When our ator from Nevada. we want to work with the Alaska dele- national security is concerned, we Mr. REID. Mr. President, I know gation, including the Governor, in good should do all we can not to limit our there are other Senators wishing to faith, in moving these matters forward. options. I am fearful we are limiting speak, so I will be relatively brief. I say The two items in this amendment are our options. to my friend from Alaska, it would be noncontroversial and do not prejudice The House bill only prohibits the appropriate on something this impor- other concerns that may come up at a ‘‘over the top’’ route, which is what the tant to the State of Alaska that we subsequent time. We hope there can be whip alluded to. This would clearly ad- have a vote on it. We want to make agreement to vote on this amendment dress this point, and it would provide sure when this matter goes to the soon and continue to work on the other the alternatives that the economics House they recognize the entire Senate issues. I think it would set a great pat- dictate. supports it. So I ask my friend if he is tern for this legislation, to have a bi- Mr. REID. Will the Senator yield? ready for a vote, not immediately but partisan vote moving forward with Mr. MURKOWSKI. I yield. sometime in the near future? something that is extremely impor- Mr. REID. I say to my friend from Mr. MURKOWSKI. If I may respond, tant. Alaska, I recognize the many com- it is very possible we may have a sec- The House bill did not address any of plicated and controversial issues in ond degree. We have an objection on the other issues raised by Senator this legislation that are now here, or our side that we have to clear as well. MURKOWSKI. The amendment is broader will be through amendment. So I agree with my colleague ‘‘at some than the House language—not a lot, This is not one of the weeks where we point in time,’’ but it is premature at but it is broader. The amendment bans say if we finish Thursday we will have this time on our side. the northern route and does not specify no votes on Friday. I know this will Mr. REID. What I say to my friend where the southern route will go, but take time. I understand that. from Alaska is, we understand there we know it will go through Alaska. So Mr. MURKOWSKI. I am not going are always things that can be improved I hope the Senators on the other side anywhere. I want everybody to make and we will certainly look forward to will allow us to have a vote in the near sure they understand that clearly from working with the Senator, and Senator future and move on to the next amend- the beginning this whole process was STEVENS, as to how we can improve ment which will be offered by Senator designed—and I don’t think we are this amendment, but in the near future MURKOWSKI. fooling anybody—to ensure that the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1561 committee of jurisdiction did not get a are not on their side. And a few of CAFE standards are 27.5 miles per gal- chance to vote on it. An ANWR amend- those facts bear repeating. lon for cars and 20.7 miles per gallon ment would have been part of this bill ANWR is roughly the size of South for light trucks. because we had the votes. That is the Carolina, Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode The Kerry/Hollings provision in the bottom line. Island, Vermont, and New Hampshire bill would require a combined fleet fuel We have gone on from there into this combined. It is absolutely enormous. economy standard for cars and trucks extended synergy, which I do not think But when we talk about drilling in to go to 35 miles per gallon by 2015. is in the best interests of the Senate. ANWR, we are talking about clean Their provision also would expand the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- drilling in an area of less than 2,000 definition of ‘‘light truck’’ to include ator from Kentucky. acres—smaller than many airports in vehicles up to 10,000 pounds. That Mr. BUNNING. Mr. President, I rise the United States. would cover most SUVs and minivans. today to talk about the pending energy To say that drilling in this limited Because the Kerry/Hollings provision bill. I am glad we’re finally having this portion of ANWR threatens the entire changes current law by combining cars debate. It has been a long time coming. environment of the refuge is far- and trucks, that means that even if We desperately need a commonsense fetched and alarmist. auto manufacturers can achieve 28 energy policy. Ever since the Arab oil Recent advances in technology en- miles per gallon for their light trucks, embargoes over a quarter of a century able us to successfully extract oil in some manufacturers will be forced to ago, Congress has talked about passing ANWR in an environmentally sensitive boost their car standards up to 50 miles a serious energy bill. Now is the time. way. The old stereotypes of dirty oil per gallon just to reach the overall 35 Coming after the tragic events of drilling just don’t apply anymore. miles per gallon average. That’s a dra- September 11, it is more important In fact, if we do start exploring in matic jump from the current stand- than ever that we have a policy that ANWR, the drilling operations would ards, and pushes too far too fast. not only helps us meet our energy be conducted under the most com- The National Academy of Sciences needs, but also protects our national prehensive environmental regulations recently studied this issue and the im- security. In the past Congress has in the world. plications of raising CAFE standards failed to make progress on energy be- We all want to do what we can to on vehicle safety. cause we have fallen into the trap of protect our world. But it is just not NAS found that rapid increases in fuel economy standards for cars in the choosing between conservation and credible to say that looking for oil in early 1980’s likely contributed to thou- production. this one small, limited part of ANWR is But now I think that we have escaped a dangerous threat to the entire re- sands of additional highway deaths. Back then, auto manufacturers re- that trap and reached the point where gion. Many of the environmentalists duced the size and weight of their vehi- most of us in the Senate understand fail to see that if we do not begin oil cles to help meet the new standards. production in ANWR, oil companies in that a balanced energy policy must do But because the CAFE standards were both—it must help boost production of the Middle East, Russia, and else- raised too quickly, it turns out that domestic energy sources as well as pro- where—places where environmental making cars more fuel efficient also mote conservation. regulations are much less restrictive made them more deadly. The bill before the Senate today is a than ours or even nonexistent—will Today, one of the main ways for a decent starting point that attempts to take up the slack. manufacturer to increase its CAFE strike a balance between conservation Opening ANWR now might actually standards is to downsize its fleet. In and production. end up being more environmentally fact, since 1978 vehicles have shrunk in There are some parts of the legisla- sensitive than the alternative. We also weight on average by more than 1,000 tion that I support. For instance, even- cannot escape the fact that drilling in pounds per vehicle. tually we are going to get a chance to ANWR, and boosting our domestic en- At the same time, the death toll from vote on clean coal technology and eth- ergy production, is vitally important car crashes has increased. Statistics anol provisions that are important to to our national security. show that in the last 25 years since fuel my State. Right now we import 57 percent of efficiency standards were first im- I also like the tax proposals coming the oil we use and the number is ex- posed, more than 40,000 people have from the Finance Committee that pected to jump to 64 percent by 2020. died in crashes in which they might would promote conservation and the There are more than 10 billion barrels have otherwise survived had their vehi- expanded use of cleaner burning fuels. of oil recoverable in ANWR. That’s cles been heavier. But overall the bill is too weak on enough to fuel all of Kentucky’s oil While more people have died because production and contains several provi- needs for 82 years. That is also enough of the increased fuel efficiency, our sions that must be changed before the oil to replace the volume we currently fuel economy is not much better than Senate finally passes a bill. import from Saudi Arabia or Iraq for it was in 1970. Much of this is because First of all, we need to look at im- the next 25 years. consumers have chosen bigger cars. proving the production side. We must Drilling in ANWR provisions would They want SUVs and minivans to haul have an energy policy that helps re- not only make a tremendous difference their children to soccer games and to duce our dependence on foreign oil. for our domestic consumption, but go on vacations. And they want larger This means that we have to finally get would constitute a serious step toward vehicles because they are safer, more serious about ANWR. ensuring our national security. comfortable, and more powerful. We deserve to have a straight up or If the choice comes down to drilling Consumers obviously are not asking down vote on ANWR. It’s clear that a in ANWR and lessening the chance that for this mandate because they are majority of the Senate supports safe we will have to rely on Saddam Hus- choosing to continue to purchase larg- drilling in ANWR. sein and others in Middle East for our er vehicles despite other choices, in- It is the most promising source of do- oil, then there is no choice at all. cluding less expensive ones. mestic energy we have. It is critical to Today we produce less oil than we did Kerry Hollings would overly regulate our future and our national security. in World War II. We must reverse this consumer choice at the expense of safe- But because of the procedural gym- trend. Drilling in ANWR won’t change ty. nastics from the majority, it looks like things overnight, and no single source Because Kentucky has become one of we’re not going to get a fair shot at can totally end our dependence on for- the leading auto producing States in voting on ANWR. eign energy. the country, I am also worried that the That is wrong. ANWR is too impor- But opening ANWR and boosting pro- Kerry/Hollings provision would affect tant and the stakes are too high not to duction are vital to this bill and to our jobs. When the CAFE rules went into let the Senate work its will on this national security. effect before, manufacturers spend matter. On a different subject, I also think huge sums of money to comply with I know that there are some in the that we need to take a long look at the the new rules. Because of that, many Senate who are desperate to stop us CAFE provisions in the Kerry/Hollings workers were layed off to help cut from opening up in ANWR. The facts language in the bill. Currently, the costs.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1562 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 Today over 160,000 Kentucky workers production and conservation, produces into the games, I was told, that of are employed in the auto industry or in jobs and makes a difference for our na- those 24,000 volunteers, only 77 were a job dependent on car manufacturing. tional security. forced to withdraw for one reason or That’s almost 10 percent of my State’s I yield the floor. another: A health problem, a family workforce. But many of these jobs will The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- emergency, what have you. The volun- be at risk if the Kerry/Hollings provi- ator from New Mexico. teers were a spectacular part of these sion in this bill becomes law. Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, be- Olympics. I believe in increasing fuel efficiency fore the Senator from Utah begins his There were 9,000 credentialed media in vehicles. I think we can and should statement, I ask unanimous consent that showed up to cover the Olympics. do more on this front. But I do not be- that following the statement of the It was, as I say, the largest Winter lieve that Congress picking a number Senator from Utah, Senator JEFFORDS Olympics in history. out of thin air and mandating a target be recognized for up to 30 minutes, and In recognition of the size of the for manufacturers to hit is the way to following that, that Senator FEINGOLD Olympics, it was declared for the first go. Instead, I think we need to do what be recognized to speak as in morning time as a National Special Security we can to encourage sound science by business for up to 10 minutes. Event under Presidential Decision Di- the industry that makes sound, incre- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without rective 62. That directive, issued in the mental changes in fuel standards. objection, it is so ordered. Clinton years, established national se- Finally, I would like to say a few The Senator from Utah. curity events where the Secret Service words about the procedure that was f would take the lead in managing the used to bring this bill to the floor. The THE OLYMPIC GAMES IN UTAH security. This is the first time the process that this bill went through to Olympics have ever been designated a Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I ap- finally reach the floor was a sham. National Special Security Event. preciate the opportunity of sharing Last October, when the Energy Com- The zone of security for the Olympics mittee was finally going to begin with my colleagues a summary of what happened in the Salt Lake games that covered over 900 square miles from marking up the bill, it was abruptly Provo to Ogden. That was the largest pulled at the last minute. Then the took place the first 2 weeks in Feb- ruary, where the world came to Utah coordinated area the Secret Service Democrats began working on their own and other law enforcement people have proposal. Now almost 6 months later and was received in the spirit of the Olympic flame. ever been asked to guard—perhaps with we finally get a chance to see their the exception of the District of Colum- handiwork. The Olympic Games are one of the few events, if indeed not the only bia as a whole. Even at the State of the As I said at the beginning of my re- Union Message, you don’t have an area marks, there are parts of it that rep- event, where the world comes together in a non-political arena. There was sub- as large as the area covered by these resent a good starting point. But there Olympics. are serious problems with the measure, stantial effort that went into these In order to meet the challenge of this problems that probably would have games, both on the part of the people security responsibility at these Olym- been fixed in the Energy Committee. of Utah and the Federal taxpayer. So I pics, we had 1,100 FBI agents, we had But because they did not have the think it is appropriate that we have a 2,000 Secret Service agents, and there votes in committee, the Democrats summary and report to this body on were law enforcement officers from 48 short-circuited the committee process that experience. different States. and brought the bill straight to the If I may, I would like to begin with floor. some numbers. I know that is usually As I went through one venue, I no- These procedural shortcomings have not the way to begin a public speech ticed on the sleeve of one of the law en- helped produce a flawed bill. If the leg- that you want anybody to listen to, but forcement officers the badge of the Po- islation had gone through the usual there are some numbers that outline lice Department of Gallup, NM. Law legislative process, it would probably the scope of these Olympics that I enforcement officers from 48 States be a stronger, better bill. Many of us think are irreplaceable as an example came to help their Utah colleagues pro- have to ask why did the majority do of what went on. vide security for the games. Over 2,400 this. The answer appears to be that These were the largest Winter Olym- Utah law enforcement officers gathered there was a fear that the energy bill pics in history, and Salt Lake City was from all over the State. There were coming out of the committee would in- the largest city to host a Winter Olym- also 2,400 military personnel—pri- clude provisions such as ANWR for pics. In the past, they have always marily National Guardsmen who came which we have the votes and that the been held in relatively small ski vil- from six different States. And there majority leader decided to have this lages. This is the first time a major were 2,200 fire and emergency response debate on the floor instead. metropolitan area has been chosen as individuals. This was an incredible That is fine. That has happened be- the host of the Winter Olympics. Some army of security personnel assembled fore around here. But that also means will argue with that and say Sarajevo to provide security for the athletes and that we deserve to have a fair shot was a major city, but Salt Lake City is spectators. with our amendments on the floor. It’s the largest city that has ever been host What did they handle? There were one thing to shut us out in committee, to a Winter Olympics. over 3.5 million spectators who went but it’s a whole other matter to try to It was the largest number of athletes through magnetometers during that 2- do so on the Senate floor as well. who have ever come to a Winter Olym- week period—31⁄2 million people proc- Let’s have the debate on ANWR, on pics—2,500. They came from the largest essed on a time-frame. There were CAFE, and on other provisions and see number of countries ever represented some who didn’t get to their events on where the votes are. If the full Senate at the Winter Olympics, 78, and they time. But overwhelmingly the ticket is going to work its will on a sound pol- competed in the largest number of holders got to their events, went icy, that’s the least we can do. Any- events—also 78. We kept adding sports through the magnetometers, and were thing else is going to produce a flawed, to the Winter Olympics for this experi- properly screened. There were 80,000 unbalanced bill that is not going to re- ence. spectators processed each day through flect well on the Senate and is not Three and one-half billion people the magnetometers at Olympic Square. going to help the country. watched the opening and closing cere- There were over 1,000 trucks processed We need a sound energy bill and we monies that were held in the Rice-Ec- carrying 250,000 tons of material and need it now, and the best way to pass a cles football stadium at the University product. They were processed. They constructive bill is to have a full, of Utah. Sixty-seven thousand people were screened. They got where they healthy debate on the floor about all of signed up to be volunteers—the largest needed to go on time. It was an incred- the issues involved—ANWR, CAFE, and volunteer pool ever created. Only 24,000 ible security and logistical perform- all of the rest. of them could be accommodated. ance. If we have this debate, I think we can One of the interesting statistics—I When the Attorney General was out produce a balanced bill that increases don’t have the final number—but far there, I was with him, and we were

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1563 checking in advance the security prep- that has come out of this experience. doing anything. Then he made an in- arations. At one of the venues, the offi- As I said, I went to the security center teresting comment. He said, ‘‘Senator, cer briefing us summarized how good and saw these 64 agencies in a room not we think that a number of groups that the security really was. As he said to the size of this chamber. They were sit- would otherwise have come to Salt the Attorney General, if you are going ting at a computer roughly every four Lake City in an attempt to disrupt the to get anywhere near this venue during feet, side by side, watching the com- Olympics or do even more serious dam- the Olympics without a credential, you puter screens and manning their sta- age. These groups scoped out the secu- are going to have to be a moose. tions 24 hours a day throughout the en- rity pattern we had here and decided to What happened in terms of the threat tire 17 days of the Olympics. That stay away.’’ as a result of this security activity? By meant that anything that came up in Indeed, he cited one activist group comparison—the Atlanta Olympics the form of any sort of threat would be that, on their Web site, instructed all were the last that were held in the instantly known in real time and si- of their supporters around the country: United States—in Atlanta, they rou- multaneously to all 64 agencies. Stay away. They’re ready for us in Salt tinely had between 100 and 200 bomb I was interested to note the labels Lake. If you show up, you will be im- threats every single day by people who that were on the little cardboard fold- mediately taken care of. There is no felt confident enough to mount some ers on the top of each computer. Here point in coming. kind of hoax, or threat, or attempt to was a computer with a label on it that So the games went on flawlessly from disrupt—100 to 200 every day. In the read ‘‘FEMA.’’ It was reassuring to a security standpoint because of the in- Salt Lake Olympics, there were a little know that the Federal Emergency credible coordination that went on, over 100 of those threats through the Management Administration was from the Secret Service down to the entire 2-week period. present. Next to it would be one that smallest local law enforcement agency. Those are the statistics that give you read ‘‘FBI’’—that was reassuring—and That is the first legacy that will the size and scope of what we were on through a number of other Federal come out of the Salt Lake City games: dealing with—the size and scope of the agencies. In addition, there were var- that degree of expertise, that under- effort. ious State agencies—the Utah Highway standing of how things should be done. In an effort to make sure we were Patrol, the local police agencies, and In connection with that legacy, I getting our money’s worth and that we county sheriffs departments; the Davis have to acknowledge the work of Brian were on top of things, I visited the County Sheriff’s Department. Stafford, the Director of the United venue. I went to the Olympic Village One label caught my eye which dem- States Secret Service, who personally where the athletes were. That was a onstrated to me just how significant an paid a significant amount of attention self-contained city of 3,500 people—the effort this was. There was a label that to these games. He was in Utah a num- 2,500 athletes plus 1,000 coaches and said ‘‘U of U Police Department.’’ The ber of times. Mark Camillo, the special other team officials. It had its own University of Utah security guards agent in charge, practically became a badge, it had its own health clinic, it were in the same room with the Secret citizen of Utah. He has been out in had its own dining hall and even its Service and FEMA, because if some- Utah for the last 24 months. The FBI, own movie theater. This village had its thing happened at the University of of course, under the leadership of Di- own post office, bank, dry cleaners and Utah—the place where the athletic vil- rector Mueller, should be congratu- convenience store—it was self-con- lage was located—the University of lated for an outstanding job. Bob Flow- tained. Utah police would have to be the first ers, who is the head of the Utah Olym- Then I went to the media center, responders. But they were in the same pic Public Safety Command, was a very which was another city. As I said, there significant player in all of this. His were over 9,000 accredited journalists room and were getting the same infor- right hand person, Dave Tubbs, Execu- there. Here is a city with its own store mation that FEMA was getting— tive Director of the Utah Olympic Pub- and bank as well as facilities for get- FEMA if it was a major fire; that the lic Safety Command, deserves further ting on-line, filing stories, and all of FBI was getting if there was a major the things necessary for the media. law enforcement challenge; and that commendation and congratulations. I visited the Public Safety Command the Secret Service was getting if there These are the people who created this Center where over 64 different agencies were some kind of a threat to the legacy from which the nation will draw were located, coordinating all of their President. All were in the same room. benefit for years to come. efforts. All were coordinated. It was a seamless The second legacy that comes out of I went to the joint intelligence cen- effort, from the Secret Service at the these Olympics are the facilities that ter where all of the intelligence agen- top, all the way down to the smallest— were built. There were already ski fa- cies—not only from our country, the I will not say lowest; smallest—local cilities in many places in Salt Lake, CIA, the NSA, the DEA but also from law enforcement agency. Nothing like but now we have built facilities that other countries—were gathered to- this has ever been accomplished before were not there before. For example, the gether sharing intelligence informa- and, certainly, nothing on the scale ice skating oval in Kearns; the luge/ tion about what kind of threat they like this has ever been accomplished bobsled/skelton track and the ski jump might see. before. at Utah Olympic Park—those things There was the joint information cen- The legacy that comes out of this is were created and upgraded for the ter where all of the information offi- a degree of expertise and understanding Olympics. cers were gathered so that if there were of coordination in law enforcement I had lunch with the President of the any kind of an incident that came up, that can be used as a template for U.S. Olympic Committee, Sandra Bald- everyone would know about it in- homeland security and homeland de- win. She said to me, ‘‘All of our speed stantly and be able to coordinate their fense. skaters historically have come from responses. I have made reference of this to Gov- Wisconsin.’’ That is a little bit of an I visited the Olympic Square and the ernor Ridge, when he was here, and overstatement, but she backed down Medals Plaza and, of course, every one said, ‘‘You need to look very carefully and said, ‘‘All right, most of them have of the athletic venues. at the experience of the Salt Lake come from Wisconsin.’’ Why? Because Out of all of this, the basic question Olympic games. It will give you guid- that is where the best training facili- that I think we should be addressing in ance that will be absolutely invaluable ties are for speed skating. We expect the Congress is, What is the legacy of as you struggle with the problem of di- now that many of our gold-medal-win- the Salt Lake City games? What is the vided jurisdiction among law enforce- ning speed skaters will start to come lasting result of having held this ment agencies.’’ from not only Utah but the entire event? I want to highlight a few of the While I was there, the man who was western United States. items that came out of what I have de- running the center turned to me and he Then the comment made by some scribed from all of the visitations I said: Senator, this is boring. Nothing is athletes at the lunch, and they were made. happening. In the security business, not necessarily Utahns, ‘‘Salt Lake The first legacy that is the most ob- boring is good. I smiled a little at that City is easy to get to. Salt Lake City is vious is the degree of security expertise because it did look as if nobody was accessible by a majority airport. It is a

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1564 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 major city with hotel and places to They said it was the finest develop- go away from these Olympics with a stay. Athletes from all over America ment they had seen and one which they different view of America and Ameri- can come to Salt Lake City to train far would hope would be a model for other cans than we had before we came. We more easily than they can in existing entities who would deal with Forest will spread that view in our home training facilities.’’ Service land. But they also described countries.’’ One of the legacies of these games to me how delighted they were at the In many ways, that is the most im- will be better prepared, better trained legacy of better management of Forest portant legacy to come out of these American athletes. These games set Service lands in Utah that comes as a Olympics. Coming against the back- the record for Americans winning med- by-product of the Olympics. drop of September 11th, it was the com- als at the Winter Olympics. I expect Housing, another legacy from the ing together of people from 78 nations, that record will be broken in the future Olympics is that there will be more of 9,000 journalists, to a nonpolitical because of the legacy of the Salt Lake low-income housing in Utah as a result arena and to find the humanity, the Olympic Games. of efforts necessary to provide housing friendship, the fellowship, and the open In the process of creating those fa- for Olympic guests. Frankly, we did nature of human beings regardless of cilities, we produced yet another leg- not get as much low-income housing in their country that will bless the world. acy. I will talk about what was one of Utah as I would have liked. We did not After September 11, there were pro- the more controversial aspects of the get as much as we originally thought posals to cancel the Olympics. I re- Olympic facilities: the creation of the we would get when we embarked on member having a conversation with men’s and women’s downhill at this program. However, one aspect of Mitt Romney, President of the Olym- Snowbasin. In order for that to happen, the housing that needs to be talked pics, about that possibility. there had to be a land exchange so that about has to do with housing on Indian I said, ‘‘What will happen if you can- Earl Holding, who owned the reservations. Housing was provided for cel the Olympics?’’ He said, ‘‘The first thing that would Snowbasin facility, could get the land the press in manufactured units. They happen is we will go bankrupt. There necessary to create the venue that came straight from the factory. They will be hundreds and hundreds of mil- worked so well in the Olympics and were assembled on the place, and they lions of dollars of default because we that everyone saw on television. became the housing units for people in can’t pay our bills unless we get the The Forest Service owned most of the press. They were also at a distant revenue from actually putting on the the land Mr. Holding needed. The For- venue in Soldier Hollow, where they games. We can’t cancel the games. est Service said, ‘‘We would be willing were used for housing Olympic athletes to deed that land to Earl Holding, but More importantly, we must not cancel who needed to stay there rather than the games because that would send a we don’t want money in exchange. We at the Olympic Village. signal to the terrorists that they truly want other lands.’’ The Forest Service The Olympics are over. What do you had won.’’ identified 11,000 acres of land in the do with this housing? Because it is Nonetheless, there was the shadow of State of Utah which, for management manufactured housing and can be what would happen if the games went purposes, they wanted to acquire. shipped easily, these houses are now in forward hanging over it. A number of An appraisal was done. The 1,300 the process of being dismantled and my colleagues in the Senate expressed acres they deeded to Earl Holding in fi- sent to Indian reservations in the State their concern about that. nancial terms was worth the same of Utah to provide affordable housing We went forward with the games. Not amount as the 11,000 acres the Forest for Native Americans. That is another only did we provide safe games in the Service acquired. So even though the one of the legacies of these Olympics. way I have described, we provided Forest Service acquired 8 or 9 times as We have a security legacy. We have warm, gathering, closing-of-wounds, re- many acres as it gave up, in financial an athletic facilities legacy. We have a assuring kinds of games that told the terms the swap was equal. A careful ap- land management legacy, and we have world we are all still one family. praisal was made by the Government a housing legacy. We should all be Enormous thanks belong to a number to assure that the interest of the public proud of that and grateful for that. of people for producing that legacy. was protected. There is one more legacy that may Mitt Romney, of course, stands first as Without going into the details, this be, while intangible, more important the CEO who took over a situation that was the legacy that the Forest Service than those I have previously men- was challenging and produced the re- has as a result of that land swap. In a tioned. Let me give an anecdote to il- sult I have described, along with his report they filed in May of 2000, they lustrate my point. We, of course, were chief operating officer, Frazier Bul- summarize what they received as a re- as warm with visitors from foreign lock. sult of the land swap that was stimu- countries. As they went around Salt I want to thank the American people lated by the Olympics: 15.3 miles of pe- Lake City, as they talked to the volun- for their contributions and the sense of rennial streams, 21.5 miles of intermit- teers, they had an experience in Amer- total American participation. Driving tent streams, a 23-mile reduction in the ica. around Salt Lake City, I saw a lot of boundaries that they have to police, One of them described it this way, strange buses from a lot of places I did consolidation of ownership, and the ‘‘After September 11 and then the war not recognize. Finally, I saw a familiar elimination of the threat of develop- and the attacks in Afghanistan, we had bus. I thought: Oh, this is a hometown ment of these lands. the feeling that the Americans stood bus. Then I realized it was a Wash- They have acquired suitable habitat astride the world and we expected, ington metrobus, not a Salt Lake City for threatened and endangered spe- when we were coming to America for UTA bus. The buses came from all over cies—both plant and wildlife—as well the Olympics, that the Americans the country. as habitat for big game calving and would be pretty cocky, that the Ameri- On our light rail in Salt Lake, the fawning, in both summer and winter. cans would be lording over the rest of cars are all white. Suddenly, there They acquired three miles of existing us the fact that they were in charge, were a bunch of yellow cars. I wondered road access that they did not have be- that the Americans could do whatever from where they came. The answer fore, and there are 3.5 miles of existing they wanted anywhere in the world, was, Dallas, Texas. The folks in Dallas, four-wheel-drive road to be evaluated and now you are coming to our Olym- Texas, sent us their railroad cars to in Box Elder County, and 15.5 miles of pics, and the Americans would be filled supplement ours for our light rail sys- existing trail access was acquired, with overweening pride and a little bit tem. along with a wide variety of dispersed of hubris.’’ This was truly an American effort recreation opportunities, again, for They went on to say, ‘‘We have come that produced the legacy of goodwill both winter and summer. into this Olympic atmosphere and and good feelings around the world. I spoke with the Forest Service per- found nothing but warmth, gracious- I thank the American people for their sonnel as I did my visits to the Olym- ness, willingness to be helpful, to reach help. I want to thank Governor pic venues, and they told me how de- out, and to form relationships around Leavitt, the Governor of Utah; Bob lighted they were with the way the the world. We have found none of the Garff, chairman of the Olympics—they Snowbasin venue had been developed. pride and haughtiness we expected. We all deserve special thanks.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1565 One individual I will single out, the IOC. Every Olympics is different. I were blessed that people of courage and whom many of you have met, is Cindy am not going to create that expecta- conviction were already in place and Gillespie. She was vice president of the tion, and I tell you in advance, don’t be prepared to carry out their tasks. I Salt Lake organizing committee who expecting that.’’ So he came and he would like to take a moment to thank handled governmental relations. She gave his formal closing remarks. They these wonderful men and women for was superb at it. She also represented a were written in the program and they what they did. I am very proud of all of source that we all found valuable. She were wonderful. But he ad-libbed, as he them. did the same job for the Atlanta games. was caught up in the same spirit of First, I want to thank all the strong, She brought an institutional memory good will throughout the world that I brave, and gifted Olympic athletes who of what the challenges had been in At- have described as the Olympic’s most participated in the Winter Games. I am lanta that helped us do things a little important legacy. And off of his pre- especially proud of the United States’ differently in Salt Lake. pared remarks, he turned to all of us athletes who performed so magnifi- Finally, among my colleagues, I and he said: cently and brought home 34 medals— must acknowledge the Senate’s leading People of America, Utah, and Salt Lake more than double the bronze, silver and supporter of the Olympic movement, City, you have given the world superb games. gold the United States brought home TED STEVENS of Alaska, who put his That is a legacy of which all Americans can from the 1998 Nagano Winter Games. full energy in backing these games. I be proud. This was 28 more than were won in the am sure he had some residual regret I yield the floor. 1988 Winter Games in Calgary. that the games did not go to Fairbanks Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I rise to I also want to thank Utah Governor but came to Salt Lake City, but he pay tribute to all the men and women Mike Leavitt and Salt Lake City threw himself into support of the in the State of Utah and this nation Mayor Rocky Anderson, U.S. Attorney Olympics in a manner that was truly whose hard work and diligence made Paul Warner, Assistant U.S. Attorney heroic. And other Senators: Senator the 2002 Salt Lake City Winter Olym- Dave Schwendiman, as well as, the INOUYE, who took over chairmanship of pics the best in the history of the many other local city and county offi- the defense subcommittee when there Games. cials, and their staffs, who hosted the was a change in leadership, was every I want to pay special tribute to the Games and marshaled the resources bit as supportive as Senator STEVENS. I efforts of my Utah partner, Senator which made the Olympics such a suc- want to thank Senator BYRD the chair- BOB BENNETT. We owe him a great deal cess. They represent the great char- man of the Appropriations Committee of gratitude for his leadership and acter of the people of Utah. for his help. Also Senators GREGG and guidance to ensure that the 2002 Winter Utahns work very hard to preserve HOLLINGS, who had the responsibility Olympic Games had the resources and the beautiful natural backdrop that of funding the requests that came from manpower necessary to be successful. the world admired and enjoyed so much the President with respect to the Jus- The 2002 Olympics proved that we as throughout the Games. They also tice Department and the FBI. Senators a nation can conduct national events worked very hard to build the modern, CAMPBELL and DORGAN for their help in where the need for security is balanced state-of-the-art infrastructure that providing adequate funding for the Se- with the spirit of the event. In this new made the Games possible. It was cret Service. I want to also thank all of age, where terrorism is a constant Utahns who provided the indomitable my Senate colleagues for their great threat, securing the Olympics was a pioneer spirit which inspired the support. The support for the Olympics joint effort. It involved private citi- Games to reach new heights. Without was very broad based. zens, Utah businesses, and federal, the tens of thousand of Utah volun- Finally, while I am thanking, I must state, and local law enforcement agen- teers, the Games would not have been acknowledge that the Clinton adminis- cies. The result was a security oper- possible at all, let alone the unquali- tration could not have been more sup- ation that provided a blueprint for the fied success they turned out to be. portive, and could not have done a bet- future. But this is only part of the success ter job in seeing to it that these were The 2002 Winter Games were a show- story. The 2002 Winter Olympic Games in fact America’s Olympic Games. case of American determination, resil- were possible because of well-conceived When the Clinton administration left iency, creativity, and resourcefulness. and well-executed partnerships among office and the Bush administration The challenge of planning for and exe- Federal, state, local, and private orga- came into power, the transition was cuting an event of this magnitude was nizations. Not enough can be said seamless. The same support that came daunting even prior to the tragedy of about the way private enterprises out of the White House and all aspects September 11th. Following the Sep- partnered with government at all lev- of the administration made a very sig- tember 11th tragedy, however, the se- els. Mitt Romney, President and CEO nificant difference. curity of the Winter Olympics became of the Salt Lake Organizing Com- It is that final legacy, that the sup- the subject of intense scrutiny in this mittee, and Fraser Bullock, the Chief port of America has been recognized country and throughout the Inter- Financial Officer and Chief Operations around the world, and that the good- national Olympic community. Fre- Officer, are great Americans and heroes will of America will radiate from these quently asked questions included: Can of the 2002 Olympic Games. Their col- games around the world, that is the the United States still produce a first- lective business acumen, indomitable legacy for which I am the most grate- rate event given the new security envi- spirit, and eye for beauty and passion ful. It was summarized at the closing ronment? Should the Games be can- brought about a splendid production ceremonies by Jacques Rogge, the new celled? Should the Games be scaled from start to finish—that was enjoyed president of the International Olympic back? Would the event become an immensely by the whole world. I want Committee. You may know that in the armed camp? to personally thank the entire Salt past it has been the habit of the presi- There was never a question, however, Lake City Organizing Committee for 17 dent of the International Olympic among the organizers and planners of days of magic! Committee to give a scorecard, a re- the Games as to whether the Olympics For many years, the Salt Lake Orga- port card of how well the Olympics has would go forward. They rolled up their nizing Committee Board of Trustees done. The comment that has always sleeves and set out, determined to en- was the backbone of planning the been looked for at every Olympics be- sure that these Games were the best Games. These dedicated men and fore is when the president of the IOC and safest Games ever. Law enforce- women provided critical guidance and stands up and says, ‘‘You have given us ment officials were confident that they support in developing the overall archi- the finest Olympics ever.’’ That is what already had an excellent security plan tecture and operations for the Games. all of us in Salt Lake were hoping we in place. Federal, state, local and pri- We all owe a great deal of thanks to would get, that accolade. vate agencies developed and strength- the able leadership of Frank Joklik, Jacques Rogge said, three or four ened partnerships so the spirit of the who was also the former CEO and days before the closing ceremony, he Olympic Games could thrive. President of the Salt Lake Organizing would not say that. He said, ‘‘I am The nation and, indeed, the entire Committee, as well as former Chair- going to remove that tradition from international Olympic community man of the Board of Trustees. Under

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1566 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 the direction and care of Bob Garff, organizations focused on the task of tion of security for the 2002 Salt Lake current Chairman of the Board of making the Games safe and enjoyable City Olympic Games. There is a great Trustees, the Board has been second to while leaving organizational biases and story here. I hope the lessons learned none in keeping the Games on track petty preferences at the doorstep. I be- in Utah from the efforts of the many over the years. We are very proud of lieve that this approach is the blue- men and women in the security com- every member who has ever served on print for all future National Special munity will help others charged with the Board of Trustees. Security Events and the UOPSC struc- protecting their communities. The current Board of Trustees have ture may even be a model for other The most important lesson learned, every right to be proud of their accom- states as they continue to implement and one which I can not emphasize plishments. We salute: Mr. Spence Ec- their plans to combat terrorism. enough, is that security success de- cles, Mr. James Beardall, Ms. Sandy When the Olympics were designated a pends on the open and willing coopera- Baldwin, Ms. Teresa Beck, Mr. J. National Special Security Event, three tion among agencies at all levels of Dwight Bell, Mayor Lewis K. Billings, federal agencies were primarily respon- government and in the private sector. Mr. Luke Bodensteiner, Mr. Kenneth sible for creating the security network If I had to point to a one thing that Bullock, Ms. Camille Cain, Mr. Joseph for the Games. They were: the Secret spelled the difference between success A. Cannon, Mr. Don Cash, Mr. Keith Service, the FBI, and the Federal and failure for the Olympic Games, I Christensen, Mr. Forrest Cuch, Ms. Emergency Management Agency. At- would have to say that is was the open Kathaleen K. Cutone, Ms. Anita torney General John Ashcroft, FBI Di- lines of communications among all law Defrantz, Ms. Maria Dennis, Mr. Randy rector Robert Mueller, FBI Special enforcement agencies, fire and emer- Dryer, Mr. James L. Easton, Mr. Ed Agent in Charge Don Johnson, Sec- gency medical services, hospitals and Eyestone, Mr. Rocky Fluhart, Ms. retary of Treasury Paul O’Neill, Secret universities, and private and non-profit Maria J. Garciaz, Mr. George Garwood, Service Director Brian Stafford, Secret organizations at all levels. Mr. Paul George, Ms. Rachel Mayer Service Olympic Coordinator Mark More than 60 federal, local, and state Godino, Ms. Joan Guetschow, Mr. Jim Camillo, FEMA Director Joe Allbaugh, law enforcement agencies contributed Holland, Mr. Tom Hori, Mr. William and the Secretary of Health and to the public safety of the 2002 Winter Hybl, Mr. Nolan Karras, Mr. Karlos Human Services Tommy Thompson. Olympics. Let me tell in detail why Kirby, Mr. Don J. Leonard, Ms. Hilary I also want to take this opportunity this experience in Salt Lake City is so Lindh, Dr. Bernard Machen, Mr. Bill to recognize other critically important unique. Malone, Mr. Larry Mankin, Mr. Al members of the Olympic Games part- In August 1999, the 2002 Winter Olym- Mansell, Mr. Henry Marsh, Mr. Jim nership. These are the men and women, pics in Salt Lake City was designated Morris, Ms. Carol Mushett, Mayor Brad many of whom are unsung heroes, who as a National Special Security Event. Olch, Ms. Grethe B. Peterson, Ms. Mar- ensured the safety, security, and wel- Once this designation was made, the garet Peterson, Mr. Dave Pimm, Mr. fare of the Games participants and Secret Service became the lead federal John Price, Mr. Early Reese, Mr. Chris spectators. Among these are: the active agency for designing, coordinating and Robinson, Mr. Mike P. Schlappi, Dr. duty and reserve military personnel implementing security at the event. Gerald R. Sherratt, Mr. Bill Shiebler, who stood in the cold for hours inspect- With responsibility for protecting over Mr. William J. Stapleton, Mr. Marty R. ing cars and manning security check- 2,300 athletes from 77 nations, scores of Stephens, Mr. Gordon Strachan, Ms. points; the military pilots who flew a foreign officials and dignitaries, and Picabo Street, Mr. James R. Swartz, lonely vigil over Utah venues; and over one million spectators, the Secret Ms. Lillian Taylor, Ms. Diana Thomas, those uniformed personnel who manned Service’s Major Events Division col- Mr. Richard Velez, Mr. Lloyd Ward, cold, remote radar sites. laborated with dozens of other federal, Ms. Ann Wechsler, Mr. Winston A. The legions of personnel from every state, and local law enforcement agen- Wilkinson, Mr. Marion Willey, Mr. C.J level of federal, state, and local law en- cies and public safety officials to de- Young, Mr. Ed T. Eynon, Mr. Kelly J. forcement who worked 24 hours a day, sign a multi-faceted and comprehen- Flint, Mr. Grant C. Thomas, Mr. Brett seven days a week vigilantly watching, sive security plan. They worked for Hopkins, Mr. James S. Jardine, and inspecting, and protecting the Games nearly 16 months to establish a safe Mr. Lane Beattie. also need special recognition. I think and protected environment at an as- I want to give special thanks not about the fire and emergency medical sortment of venues in the Salt Lake only to the current board but to past personnel who, like their law enforce- City area. board members who have also given so ment brothers and sisters, were on The tragic events of September 11, much to these Olympics. They include: duty around the clock, planning for the 2001, ushered in a new era of heightened Verl Tophan, Earl Holding, Alan worst while praying for the best. Fi- security, with even more emphasis on Layton, Scott Nelson, Tom Welch, nally, let us not forget the private non- precaution and prevention. After the Dave Johnson, Fred Ball, Jack profit organizations such as the Amer- terrorist attacks, efforts intensified to Gallivan, former Utah Governors Cal- ican Red Cross and the AmeriCorps enhance existing security plans de- vin Rampton and Norm Bangerter, who cared for those that might have signed and tailored to the requirements former Salt Lake City Mayor, Dee Dee been forgotten in the excitement of the of each of the many individual venues Corradini, Palmer DePaulis, Jake Garn Games. at the Winter Olympics. and many others. We also need to acknowledge the In the end, the 2002 Winter Olympics The members of the Utah Olympic other everyday heroes whose stories were a rousing success story for not Public Safety Command, known as often did not make the press. It is only the United States athletes, who USOPSC also deserve special recogni- amazing that in a state as sparsely established a new record for American tion. I am especially proud of its Com- populated as Utah, there were well over success at the Winter Games with 34 mander Robert Flowers, Vice Com- 60,000 applicants for the 30,000 volun- medals, but also for the thousands of mander Rick Dinse, and Executive Di- teer positions. athletes and hundreds of thousands of rector David Tubbs. This 20-member And we all have to pay special trib- spectators who were able to compete interagency and intergovernmental ute to the inspirational performances and attend events in the safest and body developed and implemented all by The Mormon Tabernacle Choir, for most secure environment possible. the public safety and security meas- their presence at so many events lifted The 2002 Winter Olympics rep- ures for the Games. I also want to ex- our spirits and touched our hearts. The resented the largest coordinated secu- press my appreciation to Earl Morris Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day rity effort in our Nation’s history. and former USOPSC member Craig Saints provided the security for these While most security plans for a sport- Dearden for their tireless efforts. This events, as well as, security at Temple ing event may typically include a large unique cooperation between the public Square. The Church’s efforts were stadium and the surrounding area, the sector and the private sector, between lauded by local and federal law enforce- Secret Service was responsible for co- federal agencies and state agencies ment officials alike. ordinating security at 15 different should get an Olympic gold medal. I would like to spend a few minutes venues consisting of: the Delta Center, Within the UOPSC structure, all these discussing the preparation and execu- Medals Plaza, Main Media Center,

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1567 Rice-Eccles Olympic Stadium, Olympic from this experience and incorporate As chairman of the Committee on Village, Ice Sheet at Ogden, IOC Hotel, these lesson into our national security Environment and Public Works, I have Snow Basin Resort, Park City Moun- planning process. considerable interest in several areas tain Resort, Deer Valley resort, Utah Following the great traditions of this within the committee’s jurisdiction. Olympic Park, Soldier’s Hollow, Peaks country, the success of the 2002 Salt These include issues relating to regula- Ice Arena, E-Center Ice Arena, and Ice Lake City Winter Olympics was not tion of commercial nuclear power Oval at Kearns. There also were special due to any one individual, but to all plants, and to air and water quality security requirements implemented at who participated. From the spectators issues such as global climate change, the Salt Lake International Airport at the venues who showed patience, to the use of reformulated fuels, and air and Salt Lake City’s downtown Wash- the athletes who demonstrated the emissions from the transportation sec- ington Square. power of sport, to the organizers and tor. I support the bill’s provisions on Compounding the difficulty of secur- protectors who gave us outstanding efficiency standards for homes, schools, ing such a large and diverse number of Games, and finally to the American and public buildings, as well as the effi- venues was the sprawling geographical people, including this Congress, who ciency standards for appliances and coverage of the Winter Games. The overwhelmingly supported the Games, other consumer and commercial prod- zone of security stretched for 900 we proved to the World that the events ucts. I also support increased funding square miles, from Provo to Ogden, of September 11 will not deter this for the Low Income Energy Assistance, providing numerous operational and great Nation. LIHEAP, program, and for expanded logistical challenges for the Secret Finally, I want to take this oppor- R&D for reducing greenhouse gas emis- Service. tunity to thank the staff who worked sions and promoting efficiency and re- The security plan was designed and tirelessly with me on the Olympics: newables. I look forward to inclusion of developed to provide the most secure Kristine Iverson, Patricia Knight, Ros- the tax provisions passed out of the Fi- environment for athletes, spectators, lyn Trojan, Christopher Campbell, nance Committee, particularly those and protected venues. There was an Scott Simpson, Melanie Bowen, Heath- provisions which extend and expand airspace security plan to restrict cer- er Barney, and Christopher Rosche. I the production tax credit for renew- tain aircraft from approaching any pro- also owe a special thanks to Brandon ables, and provide credit for alter- tected venue. There was a cyberspace Burgon who made sure I was always native fuels and alternative fueled ve- hicles. As chairman of the Environ- security plan to ensure that no elec- where I was supposed to be, and that I ment and Public Works Committee, I tronic intrusions could disrupt commu- was on time. I appreciate everything have particular interest in those provi- nications and operations. In addition, they did, and am very proud of them. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. sions of the bill which address the pro- there was a physical security plan, in- REED). Under the previous order, the tection of our environment through re- cluding remote poststanders, Senator from Vermont is recognized ductions of emissions and pollutants magnetometers, state-of-the-art secu- for up to 30 minutes. affecting air and water quality. rity cameras, chain-link fences, and f Earlier this Congress, the EPW Com- electronic sensors. mittee reported out S. 950, the Federal Notwithstanding all of the tech- NATIONAL LABORATORIES PART- Reformulated Fuels Act. This bill pro- nology and electronic monitoring, the NERSHIP IMPROVEMENT ACT OF vided recognition of the need to reduce foundation of any security plan is the 2001—Continued MTBE contamination of water supplies law enforcement personnel imple- Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. President, we and enhance fuel suppliers’ flexibility menting it. At the Winter Olympics, will have before us over the next sev- in meeting market demand. We have over 10,000 federal, state and local law eral weeks a historic opportunity to also recognized the need to grow the enforcement and public safety officers change the direction of energy use in renewables share of the transportation stood watch around the clock, working this country. fuels market. I commend the leader, in a collective and collaborative effort I know you will hear from many of Senator DASCHLE, for convening a toward one single goal: to prevent any my colleagues that the events of Sep- broad and diverse group of stake- incidents that could cause harm to ath- tember 11 have changed how we must holders to craft an agreement on these letes or spectators, or create signifi- view energy, and on that point we must issues in the fuels section of S. 517. I cant disruptions of the Games them- all surely agree. An increasing reliance support the provisions in the Daschle selves. on energy imports from politically un- bill that will raise CAFE standards, a The result of this comprehensive and stable areas of the world is not in long overdue action that will dramati- sweeping security plan was secure sur- America’s best interests, and we must cally decrease the amount of gasoline roundings that allowed athletes and reassert our dominance over our own consumed on our highways. spectators alike to enjoy the atmos- energy production and innovation. One Both the reformulated fuels and phere of this international gathering of the most important ways to achieve CAFE provisions will benefit the envi- without having to navigate any overly this is to wean ourselves from foreign ronment, and reduce our dangerous de- burdensome or time-consuming secu- oil in our transportation sector, and to pendence on foreign fuels. I am sup- rity checkpoints. diversify the energy base for our elec- portive of the provisions in the Daschle While there were occasional evacu- tricity generation into clean, domesti- bill that set us on a path to seriously ations or disturbances, none of these cally produced renewable resources. address global climate change. I am matters were deemed serious, and there We have before us a piece of com- however deeply concerned that admin- were only a handful of minor arrests prehensive energy legislation that istration of the greenhouse gas data- during the course of the 17 days of the quite frankly is one of the best to base is not placed with the EPA, the Games. Although at the close of the emerge from this body in some time. agency most clearly qualified to run Olympics, there were no medals for the Senators DASCHLE and BINGAMAN have this program. No other agency has the Secret Service and its partners in law brought forward, in their comprehen- experience with air emissions data or enforcement and the military, the sive amendment to S. 517, legislation capability to run such a program more thousands of men and women who par- that would spur the development of re- effectively. The agency already col- ticipated in the execution of perhaps newable energy resources, that will ad- lects detailed carbon dioxide emissions the most sophisticated and successful vance efficiency in our transportation, information from the utility sector, security plan in the Secret Service’s building and electricity sectors, and and leads the Federal agencies in prep- 137-year history deserve recognition that will begin to address global cli- aration of the national inventory, pur- and gratitude for their tireless efforts mate change. I support many of the suant to the Global Climate Protection and dedication to their critical jobs. provisions of this legislation, particu- Act of 1978 and other authorities. Plac- In sum, the Salt Lake City Olympics larly those that encourage the produc- ing this responsibility elsewhere in the provided the opportunity to develop tion of renewable energy, and those Federal bureaucracy seems duplicative and execute a plan to protect a 900 that provide additional funding for en- and illogical. square mile part of this country. I urge ergy assistance to low income house- As chairman of the Environment that we capture the lessons learned holds. Committee, the environmental and

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1568 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 public health impacts of emissions are sources including wind power, intense ity in Shasta County, CA converts on the top of my list of concerns. These solar energy, vast sources of biomass, wood wastes into electricity. This trac- issues are not directly addressed in S. and geothermal energy. These renew- tor is harvesting switchgrass in 517. As this session moves forward, the able energy resources do not pollute, Charington Valley, IA where farmers EPW Committee will be considering they need not be bought from foreign planted over 4,000 acres of switchgrass, legislation that would cap greenhouse markets, they do not leave behind piles which when burned will generate a con- gas emissions from the transportation of toxic wastes, and they will not run tinuing 35 megawatt flow of clean sector, which is responsible for ap- out. burning energy. If successful the proximately one-third of U.S. emis- Because renewable energy has been project will be scaled up to 50,000 acres sions. I support the inclusion in the with us forever, we tend to disregard it. and involve 200 to 500 farmers. This bio- electricity section of the bill of a net We tend to think of it as too simplistic energy plant in Fayetteville, AR is metering standard, which would give to meet our modern energy needs. Like testing new bioconversion processes. consumers credit for their own produc- this windmill pictured from the old This photovoltaic charging station in tion of solar or wind energy. I am how- American West, we tend to think of Tampa, FL recharges batteries for hy- ever concerned that the bill fails to in- wind, and other forms of renewable en- brid electric vehicles, then contribute clude provisions, either through a pub- ergy as quaint, but outdated vestiges of excess generated power back to the lic benefits fund or an electric effi- our past. We could not be more wrong. electric grid. This cattle rancher in ciency mandate, to ensure the continu- According to the U.S. Department of Idaho uses wind energy to power his ation of programs to encourage elec- Energy wind energy has been the fast- home and ranch under a program spon- tricity efficiency innovations by utili- est growing source of electricity gen- sored by the Idaho Power Company. ties. Efficiency in electricity genera- eration in the world in the 1990s. This shows the solar array at BP tion is a vital component of consuming Today, the U.S. wind industry gen- Solarex headquarters in Frederick, less fuel, and lack of a provision ad- erates about 3.5 billion kilowatt-hours MD. BP solar, a subsidiary of BP Inter- dressing this issue is a major failing in of electricity each year, enough to national, is a leading world developer the legislation. I am also concerned meet the annual electricity needs of 1 of photovoltaic technology, with of- that the definition of biomass in var- million people. The costs of wind en- fices and manufacturing sites around ious places in S. 597 does not exclude ergy in the United has dropped more the world. This solar concentration incineration of municipal solid waste, than 80 percent in the past two dec- system at Sandia National Laboratory a process which results in emissions of ades, with today’s prices being com- in New Mexico produces utility grade mercury and sulfur dioxide. Measures petitive with electricity being deliv- electric power. which seek to encourage increased use ered by fossil and other fuels. As you Despite these exciting advances in of clean renewable energy should not can see in this picture of a modern U.S. renewable energy, the United provide new incentives for incineration windmill farm in Texas, times have States and American businesses still of municipal solid waste. changed. In Texas alone, wind power lag far behind advances being made in One of the most important aspects of generation has more than doubled in Europe and the rest of the world. Com- the legislation is its provisions for in- the past three years, and estimates are pared to the roughly 1 million Amer- creasing the use of renewable energy in that up to 1,000 megawatts of new re- ican homes that are served by renew- our nation. Unlike the House bill, Sen- newable energy capacity will be oper- able energy, installed international ator DASCHLE’s bill includes a renew- ating by the end of this year. This wind capacity is enough to satisfy the able portfolio standard which will jump is attributed in large part to a electricity needs of 23 million people. guarantee that a greater portion of State renewable energy standard The U.S. wind industry is actively America’s electricity needs are met by signed into law by Governor Bush in seeking to utilize marketing opportu- renewable energy. To date, the admin- 1999. nities outside the United States. istration, like the House, has not en- Throughout the country, utilities are According to the U.S. Department of dorsed this most basic of concepts, and installing wind turbines and other re- Energy’s National Wind Technology I strongly commend Senator DASCHLE newable energy facilities as customer Center, these prospective wind energy and Senator BINGAMAN for stepping for- demand for clean energy grows, and markets could translate into several ward on this crucial issue. This not- costs drop. billion dollars in sales for the U.S. withstanding, I cannot support the These pictures illustrate but a few wind industry. U.S. firms have already Daschle renewable portfolio standard. examples, such as this wind farm in installed turbines in Canada, The Neth- My primary concern with his provision Colorado; or the Northern States erlands, Mexico, South America, Spain, is that it does not go far enough to pro- Power wind farm in Minnesota; the Ukraine, and the United Kingdom. vide the level of environmental protec- Vanscycle Ridge wind farm in Oregon; Nonetheless, 90 percent of the world’s tion and market stimulation that a na- this wind facility providing electricity wind turbine manufacturers are Euro- tional renewable portfolio standard to the people of Traverse City, MI. pean, with a combined annual turnover should provide. Wind production can be especially of more than one billion Euros. S. 597, Senator DASCHLE’s bill, con- beneficial in rural and remote areas, as These potential markets are only tains a renewable portfolio standard re- we can see by this wind turbine in re- likely to increase. As the European quiring the generation of 10 percent of mote Kotzebue, AK, which displaces Wind Energy Association states: renewable energy electricity by the diesel fuel generation. Whereas the cost of most forms of energy year 2020. While moving in the right di- Geothermal, biomass and solar are are bound to rise with time, the costs of wind rection, this will not provide the level also making increasing contributions energy are actually coming down. of investment and growth achievable to local and regional electricity gen- Offshore European wind projects at by my amendment. We must be aggres- eration. This Nevada geothermal power various stages in the pipeline amount sive in finding alternatives to fuels plant produces electricity for 100,000 to more than 5,000 megawatts. Even ac- that pollute, or present unacceptable people. This geothermal facility in counting for the understandable enthu- security risks. I will be introducing an California has produced the energy siasm of those in the industry, it is amendment today that will ensure that equivalent of over 250 million barrels of clear that both the international and by the year 2020, 20 percent of the elec- oil, and currently provides electricity American wind energy markets have tricity Americans use will be supplied to over one million people. This geo- the potential for great expansion. by clean and safe renewable energy thermal plant in Hawaii provides elec- The faster expansion in international from wind, solar, biomass or geo- tricity for 60,000 people. This modern markets is due in great measure to thermal sources. complex in Lousiville, KY is heated governmental policies that favor such The United States today relies heav- and cooled by geothermal heat pumps. expansion. As the U.S. Department of ily on coal, nuclear power, and natural Energy produced from biomass has Energy states, gas to generate its electricity. Yet the the potential to account for almost as Wind energy is the fastest growing source United States is also blessed with an much renewable energy electricity pro- of electricity generation in the world in the abundance of renewable energy re- duction as wind. Here a biomass facil- 1990’s. However, the majority of growth has

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1569 been in Europe, where government policies ergy throughout the nation. It will CIA, Admiral Thomas H. Moorer, and high conventional energy costs favor the allow our companies to grow domesti- former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of use of wind energy. cally, and establish sufficient stability Staff, and Robert C. McFarlane, former Even with advances to date, Amer- to compete successfully in the world National Security Advisor to President ican renewables still account for little market. It will encourage the success- Reagan, sent a letter to myself and more than 2 percent of total U.S. elec- ful, long-term integration of these im- other Members of this body urging in tricity production. There is more than portant renewable technologies into the strongest terms that we take im- enough room for them in the U.S. en- the energy sector, and will help grow mediate action to address our energy ergy market. The United States is the the U.S. renewable energy industry security. Among other recommenda- world’s largest single energy market, into a world leader of renewable energy tions, they state that they ‘‘urge the representing more than 25 percent of technology. My amendment will be Energy Committee to immediately world energy consumption. good for the environment. It will im- adopt the Renewable Portfolio Stand- The real question is the extent to prove air quality, by reducing use of ard. . . .’’ which we in this country will take ad- fossil fuels which produce nitrogen ox- I ask unanimous consent that this vantage of our abundant renewable re- ides, sulfur dioxide, and mercury emis- letter, signed by all three, be printed in sources, and the assistance we will be sions. These harmful pollutants are the RECORD. willing to provide our American com- linked to smog, acid rain, respiratory There being no objection, the letter panies in competing in this market. illness, and water contamination. was ordered to be printed in the Are we going to allow American com- This is an urgent issue. As reported RECORD, as follows: panies to miss the boat? Is the United in today’s Washington Post, a study re- SEPTEMBER 19, 2001. States going to lag behind while the cently published in the Journal of the Senators THOMAS A. DASCHLE, TOM HARKIN, rest of the world makes investments, American Medical Association con- ROBERT C. BYRD, CARL LEVIN, JEFF BINGA- cludes that long-term exposure to fine MAN, JAMES S. JEFFORDS, MAX BAUCUS, JO- develops infrastructure and outpaces SEPH R. BIDEN JR., TRENT LOTT, RICHARD us in the profitable manufacture and particles of air pollution from coal- LUGAR, TED STEVENS, JOHN W. WARNER, production of renewable technologies? fired powerplants, factories, and diesel FRANK H. MURKOWSKI, ROBERT C. SMITH, Will we once more, as we are now for trucks increases an individual’s risk of CHARLES E. GRASSLEY, JESSE HELMS. fossil fuels, be dependent on other na- dying from lung cancer by 12 percent. DEAR SENATORS: Americans are aware of tions for the means to provide our do- This is particularly important to my the enormous and complicated tasks ahead mestic energy, but this time because home State of Vermont. We in the in dealing with the consequences of the un- Northeast live downwind from vir- precedented September 11th attack against the technology and manufacture of re- our nation. newable energy rests largely in other tually the entire nation. The prevailing There are many corrective actions that re- countries? wind patterns bring ozone-causing ni- quire lead-times that could be months or My amendment would provide an im- trogen oxide straight to our front door. even years. But, there are actions that can portant step in providing market There are days I can stand on Mount and must be taken now. One of those critical strength to U.S. renewable industries. Mansfield, and not be able to make out actions is to advance America’s energy secu- It would create a renewable portfolio the water tower on Mount Elmore rity. The Congress will soon act on that barely 20 miles away. issue. standard under which utilities would It is not enough just to ensure be required to gradually increase the My amendment would cut carbon di- oxide emissions, a major contributor to uninterruptible supplies of transportation amount of electricity from renewable fuels and electricity. We must also act to ad- energy resources sold to consumers, global warming, by almost 19 percent, vance the security of those supplies, and the or 137 million metric tons by 2020. The starting at 5 percent by 2005, and lev- nation’s ability to meet its needs in all cor- Daschle 10-percent standard would eling out at 20 percent in 2020. This will ners of the country at all times. Our refin- achieve only a 7-percent reduction, or be achieved by a system of renewable eries, pipelines and electrical grid are highly 56 million metric tons. vulnerable to conventional military, nuclear energy credits, that electric retailers A 20-percent renewable energy stand- and terrorist attacks. can either generate themselves, or buy ard that stimulates investment in re- Disbursed, renewable and domestic sup- from someone else who has generated newable energy will be good for our plies of fuels and electricity, such as energy electricity from a renewable resource. economy. It will create thousands of produced naturally from wind, solar, geo- Those selling tradeable credits to the thermal, incremental hydro, and agricul- new, high quality jobs and bring sig- retailers need not themselves be con- tural biomass, address those challenges. For- nificant new investment to rural com- tunately, technologies to deliver these sup- nected into the grid. So long as some- munities. It will create an estimated one has generated electricity from a plies have been advancing steadily since the $80 million in new capitol investment Middle East fired its first warning shot over listed renewable energy resource, and here at home and create new opportu- our bow in 1973. They are now ready to be either used it himself or sold it to nities in the manufacturing and high- brought, full force, into service. someone else to use, he can sell the tech sectors. The market demand for But, while the U.S. Government has com- credit to a retail electric supplier. My renewable energy will also bring jobs mitted intellectual and monetary resources amendment would allow credits from to developing these technologies, the status to rural areas, where it is estimated quo marketplace is unwilling to accommo- existing renewable energy production, that wind energy alone could provide thereby encouraging expansion of ex- date these new supplies of disbursed and re- $1.2 billion in new income for farmers, newable fuels and electricity. Speedy action isting facilities as well as creation of ranchers and rural landowners, and $5 by the Administration and the Congress is new sources of renewable energy. It billion in new property tax revenues to critical to establish the regulatory and tax would be hydropower neutral in that it communities. conditions for these renewable resources to would require the use of renewable en- My amendment will advance national rapidly reach their potential. ergy credits to offset only production security. Renewable energy tech- Fortunately, such actions are under con- sideration by the Energy, Environment, and of non-hydropower electricity sold by nologies will reduce dependence on fos- the retailer. It would define renewable Finance Committees. We urge the Energy sil fuels, alleviating pressure on those Committee to immediately adopt the Renew- energy to include wind, solar, geo- markets. Because they are domesti- able Portfolio Standard (for electricity) as thermal, landfill gas, certain biomass, cally produced, they will reduce our well as provisions to ensure ready inter- and incremental hydropower added by vulnerability to foreign threats. Be- connection access to the electric grid, and increasing efficiency. It would not in- cause they are distributed in nature, cost-shared funds to the state public benefit clude industries which generate sub- they will reduce our reliance on cen- funds to continue essential support for stantial amounts of pollution such as tralized resources and the vulnerability emerging technologies and the provisions of incineration of municipal solid waste, of our energy infrastructure to ter- electricity to the truly needy. We urge the as renewable energy for which credits Environment Committee to immediately rorist attack. adopt the Renewable Fuels Standard in con- could be obtained. Following the attacks of September junction with measures to deal with environ- This flexible, market-driven system, 11, we can no longer afford to take this mental issues. Finally, we urge the Finance will help reduce market barriers for re- responsibility lightly. Committee to immediately adopt residential newable energy, and stimulate domes- Mr. President, on September 19, solar credits and renewable energy produc- tic investment in new renewable en- James Woolsey, former Director of the tion tax credits, including a provision for

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1570 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 fuels (liquid, gaseous and solid fuels), or supporting my amendment be printed Environment, Alabama Environmental their Btu equivalent, similar to the fuel pro- in the RECORD. Council, Alaska Coalition of Missouri, Alas- vision tax credit made available in Section There being no objection, the list was ka Coalition of Pennsylvania, Alaska Wilder- 29 of the Internal Revenue Code. ness League, Alliance for Affordable Energy, ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as These actions will also develop new indus- Alliance for Sustainability, Alliance for Sus- tries and jobs, strengthen communities, en- follows: tainable Communities, Alliance for the Wild hance the environment, and assist in the sta- SUPPORTERS OF A 20% BY 2020 NATIONAL Rockies, American Council for an Energy-Ef- bilization of greenhouse gases. On the trans- RENEWABLE ENERGY STANDARD ficient Economy, American Lands Alliance, portation fuels issue, ethanol, biodiesel and ASSOCIATIONS American Oceans Campaign, American Pub- other biofuels will slow the flow of dollars to American Bioenergy Association, Amer- lic Information on the Environment, the Middle East, where too many of those ican Corn Growers Association, American Chairton Valley RC&D (Iowa), Citizens Ac- dollars have been used to buy weapons and Corn Growers Foundation, American Lung tion coalition of Indiana, Citizen Action of fund terrorist activities. Association of Colorado, American Lung Illinois, Citizens for Quality Drinking Water, Consequently, we also recommend a major American Lung Association of Houston, Clean Air—Cool Planet, Clean Power Cam- and concerted effort to assemble the talent American Lung Association of Maine, Amer- paign, Clean Air Council, Clean Water Ac- and resources needed to launch a ‘‘Liberty ican Solar Energy Society, American Wind tion, Clean Water Action Alliance of Michi- Ship’’ type program to convert agricultural Energy Association, Angus Duncan, Presi- gan, Clean Water Action Alliance of Min- wastes and cellulosic biomass into biofuels, dent, Bonneville Environmental Foundation, nesota, Clean Water Action Alliance of biochemicals and bioelectricity. The tech- California Wind Energy Association, North Dakota, Clean Water Action Alliance nology to do so is in place; all that is lacking CalSEIA (California Solar Energy Industries of Rhode Island. Climate Action Now, Climate Solutions, is the political will to deploy it. Association, Clean Fuels Development Coali- Cloud Forest Institute, Coalition for Clean Sincerely yours, tion, Clean Fuels Foundation, Colorado Re- and Affordable Energy, Coal River Mountain R. JAMES WOOLSEY, newable Energy Society. Watch, Coastal Georgia Center for Sustain- Former Director, Cen- Foundation for Communities & Environ- able Development, Colorado Environmental tral Intelligence. ment, Heartland Renewable Energy Society, Coalition, Communities for Responsible En- ROBERT C. MCFARLANE, Heartland Solar Energy Industries Associa- ergy, Communities United for Responsible Former National Secu- tion, Illinois Solar Energy Association, Iowa Energy, Connecticut Citizen Action Group, rity Advisory to Renewable Energy Association, Maine CTPIRG (Connecticut Public Interest Re- President Reagan. Nurses Association, Midwest Renewable En- search Group), Dakota Resource Council, De- ADMIRAL THOMAS H. ergy Association, Minnesota Farmers Union, fenders of Wildlife, Don’t Waste Connecticut, MOORER USN (RET), Minnesota Renewable Energy Society, Inc., Earth Action Network, Earth Care, Earth Former Chairman, Missouri Native Plant Society, Nebraska Day Coalition, Earth Day New York, Earth Joint Chiefs of Staff. Farmers Union, North American Butterly Justice Legal Defense Fund, Ecology Center Mr. JEFFORDS. A 20-percent renew- Association, Northern Great Plains Inc., of Southern California, Ecological Health able energy standard by 2020 is afford- Rose Foundation for Communities and the Organization, Endangered Habitats League, able. The Department of Energy’s in- Environment, South Dakota Farmers Union, Environmental Advocates of New York, En- Texas Solar Energy Society. formation administration found a 20- vironmental Background Information Cen- BUSINESS percent renewable energy standard by ter, Environmental Defense, Environmental 2020 would result in only modest in- AMECO, Antares Group, Applied Agricul- Defense Center, Environmental and Energy tural Technologies, Inc., Aqua Sun Inter- Study Institute. creases in consumer electricity bills of national, ASE Americas, Astropower, Atlan- American Rivers, Americans for a Safe Fu- up to 4 percent as compared to prices if tic Renewable Energy Corporation, Auto- ture, Anacostia Watershed Society, Arizona no renewable energy standard were im- mated Power Exchange, Biofine, Biorefiner, Audubon Council, Arizona Solar Action Net- posed. Bob Lawrence and Associates, BP Solar, BZ work, Asian Pacific Environmental Network, Polls have indicated Americans are Products, Inc., Calpine Corporation, Cape Blue Heron Environmental Network, willing to accept such moderate price Wind Associates, Capital Sun Group, Ltd., Bluewater Network, Bolingbrook Earth increases in exchange for the benefits Cargill Dow, Carson Solar, Inc., Clean Edge, Watch, CALPIRG (California Public Interest Research Group), California Global Warming derived from the greater renewable en- Inc., Colorado Energy Group, Inc. Communications Consortium Media Cen- Campaign, California League of Conserva- ergy production. ter, EAPC Architects Engineers, Eco Ener- tion Voters, Center for Biological Diversity, These same EIA studies showed that gies Inc., Endless Energy Corporation, En- Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable while households will experience mod- ergy Management Inc., Energyscapes, Technologies, Center for Environmental est increases in electric bills, a 20-per- ENTECH Engineering, Environmental Serv- Citizenship, Center for International Envi- cent renewable energy standard will ices, Inc., Field and Forest Company, ronmental Law, Center for Resources Solu- actually reduce overall energy costs, FlexEnergy, Future Energy Resources Cor- tions, Environmental Health Coalition, Envi- which include the costs attributable to poration, Genencor International, GreenLine ronmental Health Watch, Environmental Law and Policy Center, Environmental home heating and commercial and in- Paper Co., Inc., The Hamilton Group, Heliotronics, Inc., The Hendler Law Firm, League of Massachusetts, Environmental dustrial energy consumption by ap- Hurshtown Alternative Power, Microgy Co- Awareness Committee, SE Iowa Synod, Flor- proximately 0.1 percent by the year generation Systems, Inc., Micropower Cor- ida League of Conservation Voters, Florida 2020. poration, Midwest Solar Solution. PIRG (Florida Public Interest Research With these very modest costs, the Millenium Energy LLC, Moose, Inc., Moun- Group), Friends of the Earth, Friends of the provisions in my amendment will in- tain Energy Consulting, Ozark Solar, Peo- Moshssuck River, Friends of the River, Gal- crease renewable energy production by ple’s Power and Light, Pioneer Forest, Poto- veston-Houston Association for Smog Pre- a total of roughly 2 million megawatts. mac Resources, Inc., Powerlight Corpora- vention, Georgia Audubon Society. tion, Power Shift, Pure Energy Corporation, Georgians for Transportation Alternatives, Higher numbers are distinctly possible. Renewable Energy Corporation, Limited, Global Green, USA, Global Possibilities, In the Sacramento Municipal Utility Sealaska Corporation, Sea Solar Power Global Response, Global Exchange, Grand District, for example, if every new International LLC, Sol-Air Company, Solar Canyon Trust, Great Basin Mine Watch, home built in California subdivisions Energy Corporation, Solar-Fit, Solar King Greater Tucson Coalition for Solar Energy, each year had photovoltaic energy Supply, Inc., Solar Plexus, Solar Services, Greater Yellowstone Coalition, Greenhouse roofs similar to the ones shown in this Inc., Solar Works, Inc., Spire Corporation, Network, GreenPeace, Gulf Restoration Net- chart, they would produce the equiva- The Stella Group, Ltd., Sun Power Electric, work, Heartland Operation to Protect the lent of a major 400- to 500-megawatt Sun Systems, Inc., SUN Utility Network, Environment, Hoosier Environmental Coun- Trans-Pacific Geothermal Corporation, cil, Illinois Audubon Society, Illinois PIRG powerplant every year. Veizades and Associates, Vermont Energy (Illinois Public Interest Research Group), Il- This amendment is the right thing to Investment Corporation, Wisconsin Energy linois Student Environmental Network, In- do. It is supported by the Consumers Conservation Corporation. stitute for Environmental Policy and Imple- Union, the Consumer Federation of LABOR ORGANIZATIONS mentation, Iowa Citizen Action Network, Iowa Environmental Council, Iowa PIRG America, along with hundreds of busi- AFSCME (District Council 47), SEIU #199, (Iowa Public Interest Research Group), Iowa nesses, associations, labor and con- Maine Labor Group on Health, Communica- Policy Project, Iowa SEED Coalition, Izaak sumer advocacy groups, environmental tions Workers of America. groups, faith-based organizations, Walton League of America, Izaak Walton ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS League, Ohio Division, Kyoto Now!, Land academies, and local communities. 20/20 Vision, A World Institute for a Sus- and Water Fund of the Rockies. I ask unanimous consent a list of ap- tainable Humanity, Abalone Alliance Safe League of Conservation Voters, League of proximately 450 groups and individuals Energy Clearinghouse, Action for a Clean Conservation Voters Education Fund,

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1571

Leopold Group of the Iowa Chapter of the Si- FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATIONS sources, UC Berkeley, Margie Oleksiak, Re- erra Club, Louisiana Audubon Society, Coalition on the Environment and Jewish search Associate, University of Missouri— Maryland Public Interest Research Group, Life, Coalition on the Environment and Jew- Kansas City, Richard Ottinger, Dean Emer- Massachusetts Climate Action Network, ish Life of Southern California, Commission itus, Pace Law School, Dr. Thomas Michael MASSPIRG (MA Public Interest Research on Religion in Appalachia, DFW Disciples Power, Professor and Chair, Economics De- Group), Michael Fields Agricultural Insti- Peace Fellowship, Earth Ministries, Eco Jus- partment, University of Montana, Don tute, Mid-Nebraska Pride, Minnesota Center tice Ministries, Episcopal Diocese of Mis- Preister, Nebraska State Senator, Dr. Ron for Environmental Advocacy, Minnesota souri, Episcopal Power and Light, First Pres- Pulliam, Institute of Ecology, University of PIRG (MN Public Interest Research Group), byterian Church of Kirkwood, Interfaith Georgia, Dr. Richard Rich, Professor and Minnesotans for an Energy-Efficient Econ- Center for Peace and Justice, Interfaith Chair, Institute for Environmental and En- omy, The Minnesota Project, Missouri PIRG Global Climate Change Coalition of WV, Lu- ergy Studies, UVA, Dr. Gary Rischitelli, (Missouri Public Interest Research Group), theran Campus Ministry, Maine Interfaith Center for Research in Occupational and En- Missouri Coalition for the Environment, Climate Change Initiative, National Coali- vironmental Toxicology, Michael MTPIRG (Montana Public Interest Research tion of Jewish Women of Los Angeles, New Rosenzweig, Professor of Ecology & Evolu- Group), Montana Environmental Informa- Mexico Council of Churches, North Highland tionary Biology, University of Arizona, Ste- tion Center, MORE (Missouri Renewable En- Assembly of God, Inc., Pennsylvania Central phen Ruoss, M.D., Stanford University, Dr. ergy), National Audubon Society, National Conference United Church of Christ, Penn- Arnold Schecter, Professor, School of Public Environmental Coalition of Native Ameri- sylvania Council of Churches, Philadelphia Health at Dallas, Everett Shock, Professor of cans, National Environmental Trust, Na- Coalition on the Environment in Jewish Earth & Planetary Sciences, Washington tional Parks Conservation Association, Na- Life, Southern California Ecumenical Coun- University, Leonard Stitelman, Ph.D., Pro- tional Wildlife Federation, Native American cil, Temple Emanu-El, (Dallas, Texas), fessor, School of Public Administration, Uni- Rights Fund, Natural Resource Defense United Methodist General Board of Church versity of New Mexico, Larry Waldman, Council, NHPIRG (New Hampshire Public In- and Society, United Methodists—Iowa Con- Ph.D., Department of Economics, University terest Research Group). ference, Board of Church and Society, Yellow of New Mexico. New Jersey Environmental Lobby, Springs (OH) Unitarian Universalist Church. OTHER GROUPS NMPIRG (New Mexico Public Interest Re- ACADEMICS, DOCTORS, POLITICIANS & OTHER American Lands, Arizona Center for Law search Group), New Mexico Wilderness Asso- INDIVIDUALS in the Public Interest, Audubon’s Appleton- ciation, New Uses Council, NCPIRG (North Dr. Paul Arnold, Biology Dept., Young Whittle Research Ranch, Better World Carolina Public Interest Research Group), Harris College, Dr. J.R. Bak, University of Group, Bicycle Coalition of Maine, Center Northwest Energy Coalition, Northwest Washington, Dr. Douglas Bachtel, Institute for Energy & Environmental Policy (Univer- SEED—Sustainable Energy for Economic De- of Ecology, University of Georgia, Dr. Sarah sity of Delaware), Center for Rural Affairs, velopment, Nuclear Energy Information Badran, University of Southern California, Charleston Bicycle Advocacy Group, Child- Service, Nuclear Information Resource Serv- Dr. Ray Barber, Chair, Division of Science & hood Lead Action Project, Citizens for Mis- ices, The Ocean Conservancy, Ohio Environ- Mathematics, Abraham Baldwin Agricul- souri’s Children, Citizens for Pennsylvania’s mental Council, OHPIRG (Ohio Public Inter- tural College, Dr. David Bechler, Department Future, City of Creve Coeur (MO) Recycling est Research Group), Oregon Environmental of Biology, Valdosta State University, Dr. & Environment Committee, Coalition of Council, OSPIRG (Oregon State Public Inter- Linda Bell, Department of Women Studies, Citizens with Disabilities in Illinois, Coali- est Research Group), Pace Energy Project, Georgia State University, Dr. Dianne Ben- tion to Advance Sustainable Technology, PennPIRG (Pennsylvania Public Interest Re- jamin, Assistant Professor of Educational Collaborative Center for Justice, Inc., Com- search Group), Pennsylvania Environmental Psychology, University of Missouri—Kansas mon Cause, Concerned Citizens of Roane, Network, People’s Action for Clean Energy, City, Dr. Brad Bergstrom, Department of Bi- Calhoun, and Gilmer Counties, WV, Con- Prairie Rivers Network, Rainforest Action ology, Valdosta State University, Dr. Ross cerned Citizens of Jefferson County, GA, Network, Redwood Alliance, RENEW Wis- Bowers, Program Director Respiratory Ther- Democratic Party of Dallas, TX, Develop- consin, Renewable Northwest Project, Safe apy Program, Armstrong Atlantic State Uni- ment Center for Alternative Technologies, Energy Communication Council, St. Louis versity, Lon Burman, Texas Representative Downwinders at Risk. Audubon Society, Scenic America, Sierra (District 90), Dudley J. Burton Ph.D., P.E., Education for Sustainable Living, Emerald Club, Sierra Club Rhode Island Chapter. Professor, Baylor University, Linda Calvert, Resources Solutions, Environmental and Sierra Club Rocky Mountain Chapter, Sky Director—New Orleans Mayor’s Office of En- Human Health, Inc., Friends of Island Alliance, South Carolina Coastal Con- vironmental Affairs, Dr. Richard Coles, Pro- Merrymeeting Bay, Full Circle Environ- servation League, Southern Alliance for fessor of Ecology, Washington University, mental, Green Party of Lancaster County, Clean Energy, Southwest Energy Efficiency Antony Cooper, Assistant Professor of Biol- PA, Green Party of York County, PA, His- Project, Southwest Environmental Center, ogy, University of Missouri—Kansas City, panic Political Action Committee, Indian- Sustainable Energy and Economic Develop- Douglas Crawford, Associate Professor of Bi- American Political Forum of Connecticut, ment Coalition, Texas Campaign for the En- ology, University of Missouri—Kansas City, Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, vironment, Texas SEED Coalition, Toxics Dr. Ben Dennis, Professor of Economics, Uni- Intertribal Council on Utility Policy, Jobs Action Center, Tulane Free the Planet!, versity of the Pacific, Dr. Alexander Dent, with Justice, Dallas TX, Kansas Rural Cen- Union of Concerned Scientists, USPIRG Indiana University, Paul R. Epstein, M.D., ter, Keystone Action Network, Local Power, (U.S. Public Interest Research Group), Center for Health and the Global Environ- Louisiana Bucket Brigade, Loyola Univer- Utahns for an Energy Efficient Economy, ment, Harvard Medical School, Dr. Lyle sity Enviro Action, Maine Center for Eco- VPIRG (Vermont Public Interest Research Fagnan, Oregon Health and Science Univer- nomic Policy, McKeever Institute of Eco- Group), WAPIRG (Washington Public Inter- sity, Alan Fantel, University of Washington, nomic Policy Analysis, Minuteman Media. est Research Group), WISPIRG (Wisconsin Todd Forman, M.D., University of Southern Missouri Botanical Garden, MoveOn.org, Public Interest Research Group), Western California, Edward Gogol, Associate Pro- National Educational Resource Center, Inc., Nebraska Resources Council, Western Orga- fessor of Biology, University of Missouri— Nebraska Farmers Union, Ohio Family Farm nization of Resource Councils, West Virginia Kansas City, Dr. Gary Goldbaum, King Coun- Coalition, Oil and Gas Accountability Highlands Conservancy, West Virginia Riv- ty Hospital, Dr. Brenda Hull, Dept. of Biol- Project, Physicians for Social Responsi- ers Coalition, West Virginia Sierra Club, ogy, Young Harris College, Mark Jacobson, bility, Physicians for Social Responsibility, West Virginia Trout Unlimited, Wheeling Associate Professor, Stanford University De- Maine Chapter, Physicians for Social Re- (WV) Environmentalists, The Wilderness So- partment of Civil & Environmental Engi- sponsibility, Philadelphia, Physicians for So- ciety, Wildlife Action, Windustry Project, neering, Stephen J. Jay M.D., Indiana Uni- cial Responsibility of South Carolina, Wisconsin’s Environmental Decade, Women versity. Project Underground, Public Allies, Sautee- for Sustainable Technologies, Women’s Dr. Sandra Juul, University of Wash- Nacochee Community Association, Scenic Health & Environmental Network, World ington, Daniel M. Kammen, Director, Renew- Missouri, Living Resource Center, Sierra Wildlife Fund. able and Appropriate Energy Laboratory, Students at West Virginia University, Dennis H. Knight, Professor Emeritus, Uni- Southwest Research Information Center, CONSUMER ORGANIZATIONS versity of Wyoming, Randy Korotev, Pro- Springfield (IL) Urban League, State Univer- Citizens Action Coalition of Indiana, Citi- fessor of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Wash- sity of New York (SUNY), Students Against zens for Consumer Justice, Citizen Power, ington University, Dr. Margaret Lieb, Uni- Violating the Earth, Sunrise Sustainable Re- Citizens Protecting Ohio, Consumer Federa- versity of Southern California, Dr. Lee sources Group, Texas Black Bass Unlimited, tion of America, Consumers Union, Founda- March, Department of Political Science, Webster Groves Nature Study Society, West- tion for Taxpayer & Consumer Rights, Mas- Young Harris College, Dr. Diana Matesic, ern Colorado Congress. sachusetts Energy Consumers Alliance, Ohio School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer Mr. JEFFORDS. My standard is Partners for Affordable Energy, Pressure University, Dr. J.A.P. McCrary, Department Point, Southern Arizona Alliance for Eco- of Natural Resources, Albany State College, achievable. To date, 12 States have suc- nomic Justice, The Utility Reform Network, Dr. Kent Montgomery, Department of As- cessfully enacted renewable standards, Westchester People’s Action Coalition, West trology, Young Harris College, Richard B. several of which exceed the 20 percent Virginia Citizen Action Group. Norgaard, Professor of Energy and Re- by 2020 standard of my amendment.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1572 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 States and utilities, recognizing the photovoltaics industry in the United lates to our energy supply. Veterans groups cost and environmental benefits of States. It was a proud moment, and it with a combined membership of nearly 5 mil- clean energy, are setting goals similar was a fun one to look back upon, espe- lion support the President’s energy bill. I am to mine for their use of renewable en- cially as to the shock on the chair- proud to be joined by the American Legion, the Veterans of Foreign Wars, AMVETS, and ergy. Governor Pataki of New York, for man’s face when I told him how many the Catholic War Veterans of the USA. example, recently ordered all agencies cosponsors we had. I respectfully urge you to pass the Presi- in the State of New York to produce 10 At that time also, we went on to dent’s energy bill, H.R. 4, and the provisions percent of their electricity from renew- form the Alliance to Save Energy, it contains. Further, I agree with the Presi- able energy sources by 2005 and 20 per- which included myself, and at that dent, who during the State of the Union ad- cent by 2010. time it was JEFF BINGAMAN and the dress, said ‘‘We must act, first and foremost, While good as far as it goes, Senator Senator from Illinois who were with us not as Republicans, not as Democrats, but as Americans.’’ He went on to say that we must DASCHLE’s amendment would result in on that issue, and that has proved to be continue at home and abroad with the same about half of the renewable energy gen- a very interesting and excellent benefit spirit of cooperation. I believe it is impera- eration that would be achieved under to our energy situation. Chuck Percy tive to our national security that we stand my amendment. Yet a 20-percent was the Senator’s name. together as Americans. Make no mistake, re- standard by 2020 is reasonable, achiev- I commend JEFF BINGAMAN, who is in sponsible exploration of ANWR is a matter of able, and will provide for the important the Chamber with me, for his work national security. capital investment, market security, over those years. Together we are still You have expressed concern with ANWR, and environmental benefits for which working as hard as we can to do what stating that an energy plan should not in- we should be aiming. we can about the energy situation. clude opening wilderness areas to oil drill- We have an obligation to act now to I yield the floor. ing. Senator, do you know that exploration The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under is already taking place in wildlife refuges in take the actions needed to secure 13 states, including Senator Blanche Lam- clean, domestically produced, reliable the previous order, the Senator from bert Lincoln’s state of Arkansas and in sources of energy. We must not lag be- Wisconsin is recognized for up to 10 North Dakota, Senator Kent Conrad’s state? hind the weak standards or no stand- minutes. It is important to note that in all of those ards at all. Mr. FEINGOLD. Thank you, Mr. wilderness areas, there has been no harm to I urge my colleagues to vote for me President. the wildlife caused by the exploration in any in favor of this amendment. (The remarks of Mr. FEINGOLD are of those states. Mr. President, how much time do I printed in today’s RECORD under It is crucial for the American public to have remaining? ‘‘Morning Business.’’) have the facts. And if the truth is told, the Mr. FEINGOLD. I suggest the ab- American public will learn that the native The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- peoples of Alaska who actually live in the af- 1 ator has approximately 7 ⁄2 minutes. sence of a quorum. fected area are 100% supportive of explo- Mr. JEFFORDS. Let me share my The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ration of ANWR—and—do not believe it will long-term interest in this matter. I clerk will call the roll. be any threat to the environment. Why is it came into the Congress in 1975. In that The assistant legislative clerk pro- that we are not willing to let the people who year, this Nation was in terrible shape. ceeded to call the roll. live there decide their future and the future The oil from the Mideast had been Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, I ask of their lands? interdicted. We had long lines of cars, unanimous consent the order for the The native peoples of Alaska who have op- quorum call be rescinded. posed ANWR do not live in the affected area and everybody was in dire straits. A and have leased their own lands for oil explo- number of us at that time formed a co- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. ration. I do not know if this has ever been re- alition to do something about energy. ported. I believe the American public has the The reason I bring it up is that much of Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, I am right to know. what we are talking about today is delighted that we are into the energy Please pass the President’s energy bill and much of what was proposed. package. We have been talking now for help us rebuild America! First, Norm Mineta, then in the some time, of course, about an energy With the support of our members, House with John Blanchard of Michi- policy in this country. The President J. ELDON YATES, gan and me, introduced the wind en- has talked about it for a very long Chairman and Founder. ergy bill. It passed. We drew lots as to time. He has put forth, with the help of VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS how it would be named. It turned out the Vice President, an energy policy. So I am pleased that we are into that, OF THE UNITED STATES, to be Blanchard’s bill. That was a October 29, 2001. and I hope we continue to work on it major move forward in wind energy. Hon. TOM DASCHLE, Photovoltaics was another great in- until we are able to successfully put to- Majority Leader, U.S. Senate, terest of mine. I have a fond memory of gether a bill that will meet our collec- Washington, DC. the coalition we put together at that tive notions. DEAR SENATOR DASCHLE: The 2.7 million time. We had over 80 members of the I ask unanimous consent several let- members of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of energy coalition, the solar coalition as ters I received this morning be printed the United States and its Ladies Auxiliary supports H.R. 4, the ‘‘Securing America’s Fu- it was called. So I went on to the House in the RECORD. This one comes from the Vietnam Veterans Institute. These ture Energy Act of 2001’’ or SAFE Act of floor to offer an amendment. The 2001. We applaud the House of Representa- are all directed to Senator DASCHLE in amendment would have taken a large tives for its bipartisan work in addressing step forward in solar energy. support of the energy program. our energy vulnerability by passing H.R. 4. The chairman of the subcommittee This one is from the Veterans of For- We believe the Senate should consider and came to me and said: Son, you do not eign Wars of the United States, also vote on H.R. 4 so that our nation has an en- offer amendments to appropriations voicing their support for energy policy. ergy plan for the future and can move for- bills unless you check with me first. He This one comes from the AMVETS, ward quickly with a comprehensive plan to develop our domestic energy resources. said: Come in and I will see if I can get this one from the Catholic War Vet- erans, and this one from the American Keeping in mind the horrific events of Sep- you a couple of million dollars for this tember 11 and mindful of the threats we are project. Legion. There being no objection, the letters facing, we strongly believe that the develop- I said: I am sorry, but I cannot do ment of America’s domestic energy re- that. were ordered to be printed in the sources is a vital national security priority. He said: Why can’t you? RECORD, as follows: We need to take steps to reverse our growing I said: Because I have 80 cosponsors. VIETNAM VETERANS INSTITUTE, dependence on Middle East oil as quickly as He said: You have 80 cosponsors? March 5, 2002. possible. By passing H.R. 4, the Senate will Yes. Hon. TOM DASCHLE, be supporting our troops serving in combat Well, I guess we are going to have to Majority Leader, U.S. Senate, on Operation Enduring Freedom, the Amer- The Capitol, Washington, DC. ican people, and our national security with a battle it out. DEAR SENATOR DASCHLE: As the Chairman comprehensive energy legislation that is des- And we did. It passed, although they and Founder of the Vietnam Veterans Insti- perately needed to diversify the energy for cut part of it off for other solar energy. tute, I write today out of a sense of urgency our country and chart a course for the fu- So that was the beginning of the concerning our national security as it re- ture.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1573 The VFW strongly urges the Senate to con- mands continue unabated. It is important conservation and renewables, but it sider and vote on H.R. 4 as passed in the that we develop additional reliable sources does not take into account what our House in this session of Congress. of domestic oil. needs are going to be in the next num- Sincerely, The American Legion understands the sac- ber of years. If nothing else, we have to rifices being made by the men and women in ROBERT E. WALLACE, look at a balanced energy policy that Executive Director. uniform. The members of America’s all-vol- unteer force have been tasked with the de- recognizes that we have to modernize AMERICAN VETERANS, manding mission of combating terrorism and increase conservation, we have to Lanham, MD, March 6, 2002. worldwide and strengthening our homeland modernize and expand our infrastruc- Hon. TOM DASCHLE, security. In addition to active-duty forces, ture, we have to have diversity in our Majority Leader, U.S. Senate, seventy-six thousand National Guard and supplies, and we have to improve envi- Washington, DC. Reserve members have put their lives on ronmental protection—among other DEAR SENATOR DASCHLE: AMVETS urges hold and left their families, following the things. your favorable consideration of H.R. 4, the terrorists’ acts of September 11. Now, it is We have spent a good deal of time on Securing America’s Future Energy Act of the duty of a grateful nation to ensure these transportation of electric energy. It is 2001. brave men and women have the resources also true of gas and oil, but you can As you know, our current reliance on for- that they need to successfully carry out that eign oil leaves the United States vulnerable mission. generate all the electricity of the to the whim of individual oil-exporting coun- The development of America’s domestic world right here, and if you don’t have tries, many existing in the unpredictable and energy resources is vital to national secu- a way to get it to the market, then you highly dangerous Persian Gulf. And it can- rity. The American Legion respectfully urges have not accomplished your goals. We not be overstated that energy supplies touch you to support the provisions contained in need to do something dramatic in this nearly every aspect of our lives from our the House-passed version of the ‘‘Securing whole area of transportation of elec- economy to our national security. America’s Future Energy Act of 2001.’’ tricity. We need to build a network. We H.R. 4, as approved by the House, is a crit- I thank you for considering our view on have an interstate grid that moves ical part of an overall policy America re- this critical national security issue. quires to promote dependable, affordable, Sincerely, wholesale power, and hopefully we and environmentally sound production and RICHARD J. SANTOS, would have regional transportation or- distribution of energy for the future. We can- National Commander. ganizations, RTOs, along there to take not wait for the next crisis before we act. Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, we had it into areas—run by the States. These Thank you for your service in the United are things that are pretty much ac- States Senate and please remember that this a meeting this morning with the vet- erans. Over the last several months we cepted as being necessary ingredients issue is vital to our nation’s security and the as we move forward with an energy brave men and women who serve in the have had a number of press conferences and meetings with all kinds of different bill. Armed Forces. One of the things that is trouble- Sincerely, interests in this country that support some—I happen to be on the Energy RICHARD A. JONES, us doing something, in a balanced way, Committee—is the process that has National Legislative Director. about energy policy. We have heard brought us here. The committee did from agriculture, the Farm Bureau, the CATHOLIC WAR VETERANS OF THE not have an opportunity to deal with Farmers’ Union. Of course, the labor UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, these difficult and detailed questions. March 5, 2002. unions have been very much in support That should be done at least initially Hon. TOM DASCHLE, of what is there so we can get on with in committees. We did not do that. The Majority Leader, U.S. Senate, energy production. We have had small majority leader determined to take the The Capitol, Washington, DC. businesses. We have had Native Alas- bill out of the committee and bring it DEAR SENATOR DASCHLE: We write today on kans here and the veterans associa- behalf of our membership to encourage you here to do this. It has been changed tions. several times since we have been on the to pass the President’s energy bill, H.R. 4. I have been impressed with the We support this bill because we believe our floor. That makes it difficult to deal national security demands that America be breadth of support for an energy pol- with the details of an energy bill. less dependent on foreign oil producers. icy. I think it indicates in some ways Every amendment that comes up The September 11th attacks on democracy the depth of involvement, how this here is going to have to be dealt with have expedited the need for increased oil touches everyone in this country, hav- in such detail, you would think, my self-sufficiency. Reliance on other countries, ing an affordable, adequate energy sup- gosh, that is the kind of thing that especially during these times of war and ply, and doing it in a balanced way. It ought to be done in committee. But international terrorism, threatens our na- touches everyone’s life. tional security and economic well-being. given the situation, the fact that the The Catholic War Veterans of the USA re- Unfortunately, in terms of moving on majority leader chose to do it that spectfully urge you to support the provisions something, when last year we were way—I happen to think it is a flawed contained in the House passed version of the having all the problems in California, process—nevertheless we are here. We ‘‘Securing America’s Future Energy Act of of course, the shortage of electricity have had no hearings, no markups, so 2001.’’ The legislation is a major step toward and the high prices, and gasoline prices we are going to be trying to do some of achieving energy independence and ensuring were very high, there was great inter- our national security. those things. est in it. Now gasoline prices are down. We will be dealing right now with an Sincerely, The California crisis is over. But I hope JOSEPH SATRIANO, amendment having to do with a $20 bil- National First Vice Commander. we do not lose our intensity, knowing lion pipeline from Alaska which never that is not going to last unless we have had a hearing, never had an oppor- THE AMERICAN LEGION, a policy that leads us in the direction, tunity to find out the facts. That is not Washington, DC, March 5, 2002. in the future, of having an adequate do- a good way to legislate. Hon. TOM DASCHLE, mestic supply so we are not 60-percent We will be pushing forward on those Majority Leader, U.S. Senate, dependent on foreign imports. issues. I am hopeful that we can move The Capitol, Washington, DC. Beginning to move towards more di- forward. I am hopeful we will have an DEAR SENATOR DASCHLE: On behalf of the versity in energy certainly ought to be 2.8 million members of the American Legion, opportunity to deal with some of the I urge you to support a comprehensive en- part of our plan. We ought to do that. difficult issues such as CAFE stand- ergy policy that will improve the nation’s In a balanced bill, we will have re- ards. I don’t think anybody would energy independence and strengthen na- search money to be able to look for argue with the idea that we would like tional security. new sources of energy, to have clean to have vehicles that do what we need War and international terrorism have coal research so we can use those re- to do with better mileage. But we can- brought into sharp focus the heavy reliance sources more thoroughly, and we not be unrealistic, moving it over in of the United States on imported oil. During should have renewables. All of us are just several years, given the costs asso- times of crisis, such reliance threatens the nation’s security and economic well being. interested in that. ciated with that —particularly to those The import of more than 55 percent of the At the same time, we have to do who live in the West. nation’s petroleum from foreign countries something about production. I guess Live where I live and look on the further compounds our foreign trade balance. that is my main criticism of the bill road and you seldom see anything ex- This is a time when the country’s energy de- before us, that it leans so much toward cept a pickup and an SUV. I realized

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1574 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 part of the reason for that when I was ticularly. I have seen the work they had a little bit of experience and back- there. I would never have gotten out of are doing there now, which, by the ground in the electric business through my driveway without a four-wheel way, is very impressive. I have a little the rural electrics, I really think that drive. idea of what the wildlife refuge looks is the way it ought to be. The needs This is realism. This is the way it is. like. you have in Pennsylvania and the We can make some changes, but we Sometimes we hear in this Chamber needs you have in Wyoming are some- can’t substitute those future move- it would be a brandnew idea to have times not the same. So we need to have ments for where we need to be now. production on a wildlife refuge. It is some flexibility to do that. I am hope- With regard to the security of this not a new idea. It is done on a number ful we will. country, military security, terrorism— of wildlife refuges now. The proposition This bill, as presented to us now, is these things require that we have an is to have a very small footprint to be really heavy on FERC. It gives FERC adequate supply of energy. Much of it able to have a rather large impact. all the decisionmaking authority in al- comes from the Middle East. Because That is the kind of coming together most every aspect of electricity. Many we are having the problems we are hav- there has been that makes that a possi- of us do not believe that is the way we ing over there—and foreseeably we will bility, that makes it a necessity, as a ought to proceed. Many of us believe be having them for some time—we have matter of fact, to do something there. we can fix that. There needs to be some to do more. We need to move forward with coal. overall jurisdiction, of course, with I live in a part of the country where We need to move forward with nuclear. FERC, which is the Federal Energy we are one of the large energy pro- We can do that. We can get more clean Regulatory Commission, but there are ducers in this Nation. We are the high- coal technology. That is our greatest also opportunities for the North Amer- est producer of coal. We have large re- reserve of energy for the future. ican Reliability Council, for Governors, serves of gas, methane gas, and oil. But Everyone in this country is affected and others. much of it is very difficult. We need to by electricity, its availability and As a matter of fact, the Western Gov- have access to public lands, among price. So this isn’t just theoretical; ernors have put forth very detailed other things. We need to be able to uti- this is something that really impacts ideas of what they would like to do. I lize those resources in an environ- everyone very directly. happen to agree generally with what mentally sound way. We have done One of the issues we have to under- they are doing. that and can do that. stand as thoroughly as we can is tech- So I hope we can deal with this lan- So I think the idea that somehow we nology breakthrough. We need incen- guage and deal with how we can best can substitute production with some tives for that, but they do not happen establish a reliable distribution and kind of renewables or some kind of sci- overnight. You cannot just regulate generation system. entific process that we do not even that they are going to do that. They Things have changed. It was not have before us is a little bit of dream- don’t just happen. That is not the way many years ago when you had an elec- land, I am afraid. it is. Furthermore, it takes away the tric system, you had the service area, I am hopeful we can move forward choices we have, where we ought to be and whoever had that service area gen- and be realistic in what we do. We able to do some things by incentive erated the electricity they needed. So ought to have an opportunity, cer- which I think are very possible. I am it was sort of self-confined. tainly, to be able to deal with these hopeful we can move forward through Now we find ourselves more or less issues in a way in which everyone gets our differences and have legislation deregulated in the generation aspect of an opportunity to have amendments that will work. it. You have many private market gen- and to get something together that One of the areas that some of us have erators that are dealing in it by selling will be generally acceptable to all of been working on, and I suspect will to the distributors. So you have to us. continue to work on for some time, is move it. That is some competition As I said, I come from a State that is the electric component. Again, there there. I think it can work. rich in resources. We have very high have been debates and discussions We have to recognize times have coal and oil and gas reserves. We also about this. The House bill currently changed and we have to do the same have an adequate supply—sometimes does not have an electric title. But thing. overadequate supply—of wind. We can there are a number of issues, certainly, I think we have some unrealistic de- convert some of that into electricity, that most people would agree need to mands for renewables in this bill. We of course. We should, indeed, do it. be reviewed and that we need to do ought to be moving on renewables, but We need a realistic policy that en- some things in the electric area. We the idea to put in the bill that it is courages fuel diversity, that utilizes all have an opportunity to deal with some going to be this percentage or this of our domestic resources in a very of those issues. many tons or this many kilowatt hours broad way, that takes economic and One of them is reliability. We have by renewables I don’t think is a real- environmental factors into account. In talked about reliability for a very long istic way to do that. We ought to offer relation to economic factors, we need time. We talked about it in great detail incentives, that type of thing. But to to be realistic about what we are going during the time we were having dif- put those numbers in there, and say to do. We need to provide a cleaner and ficulty in California. We really have this is the way it is going to be, I think more secure energy future. We need an not done a great deal about that, but is unrealistic. overall energy strategy that increases we have an opportunity to do so. We have a number of areas in which conservation and energy efficiency and We are going to have to make some we could modify what FERC’s authori- boosts supply and promotes alternative choices about the way we handle these ties are going to be in terms of some energy. I think we can do that. matters. Quite frankly, we have been things that could better be done on the Some of what I hear in this Chamber, through this for some time. We have State level. There are a number of however, would indicate that we do not been through it in terms of reregula- things in the bill that preempt States’ need to worry about increasing our gas tion and deregulation. rights. I think most of us, or many of and oil supply because we are going to I thought we had come to the conclu- us at least, are not of the mind that take care of it with renewables or with sion that those things that are clearly that is the way we ought to do that. raising the standards in mileage. Fine, interstate could fairly well be defined The Daschle bill basically gives but you are not going to do that imme- and those things that clearly belong on FERC exclusive authority over reli- diately. There is no way. I hope we are the national level with FERC could ability. It has a renewable portfolio realistic enough to deal with it. fairly well be defined, that those things mandate, billions of dollars in con- One of the areas, of course, that is that have to do with retail and dis- sumer cost. It has FERC authority over going to be very controversial is tribution and the unbundled distribu- State matters. It does not need to be ANWR. We will all have to deal with tion of electricity to homes and busi- that way. that and see if we can’t determine what nesses within the State would be done So I think we are in the process of the real impact is. I have been to by the State. Certainly, that is the way developing a number of amendments Prudhoe Bay and out in that area par- I believe it ought to be done. Having which we hope to file and offer as we go

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1575 forward, particularly in this area. I am NATIONAL LABORATORIES PART- I saw Senator BINGAMAN on the floor. sure there will be many amendments in NERSHIP IMPROVEMENT ACT OF I congratulate him and Senator other areas as well which is proper, 2001—Continued DASCHLE for their superb leadership, particularly since we didn’t have com- Mr. REID. Mr. President, Senator along with that of the occupant of the mittee involvement. We are really LIEBERMAN is here to give an opening chair, in developing the energy legisla- doing committee work now on the statement on the bill. Following his tion that we are debating. floor, and that will take some time and statement, we understand that Senator The bill before us out of the Energy effort, but it is necessary in order for NICKLES will be here to give a state- Committee coordinates the work of us to come out of here with a bill that ment. We are working our way through many of the committees of the Senate, can be accepted by the Senate, can go the statements. This is such an impor- including the Senate Governmental Af- to a conference committee, can come tant bill. There are a number of Sen- fairs Committee which I am privileged out and be accepted by the President. ators who have strong feelings about to chair, which has contributed a sec- We have a real challenge before us. I it, and they wish to lay out their view tion of this bill. Senator BINGAMAN and look forward to it and hope we can of what the energy policy in this coun- Senator DASCHLE have brought before stick with this issue until it is finished try should be. us a very well-balanced national en- and not come back to campaign finance While it may appear that we are not ergy policy, which does have some in- or something in the middle. We ought making a lot of headway, I personally centives for the development of re- to stay with it and keep working, keep think we are making great progress. maining energy resources in the United as open as we can to other people’s There is an amendment now pending. States, but makes a turn and acknowl- ideas, recognizing that it is going to Senator MURKOWSKI is contemplating a edges and acts on the acknowledgment take a long time. But the way it has second-degree amendment to the un- that our energy future is in new tech- been brought to us, it has to take a derlying Daschle amendment. If, in nologies being applied to create new long time. fact, he does offer it, and it is about sources of energy-efficient, environ- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. what I have learned, I think we will ac- mentally protected sources of energy. Of course, that will include renewables CARNAHAN). The Senator from New cept that and have a vote on the Mexico. amendment—not because we are con- as well. Mr. President, this great country be- Mr. BINGAMAN. Madam President, cerned about where the votes are, as the measure will receive virtually came an industrial power for many rea- my understanding of the status of busi- sons, including, of course, the skills ness is that we are still considering the every vote but we want the first amendment to come out recognizing and ingenuity of our people. But the amendment Senator DASCHLE offered availability of inexpensive and abun- earlier, of which I am a cosponsor, the importance of Alaska and the southern pipeline and know that when dant sources of energy also contributed along with Senators REID and MUR- it goes to conference, we hope there is to the remarkable growth and success KOWSKI and others. That amendment is close to unanimous support of the Sen- of the American economy during the still pending and is being considered industrial age. for possible second-degree amendment. ate on this measure. Senator MURKOWSKI has indicated he Prior to the mechanization of our so- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- is ready with an amendment. We will ciety, we relied on wood, water, and ator is correct. be ready to work on that. We hope to horses for much of our energy need. Mr. BINGAMAN. I have also been in- complete all of the statements today ‘‘King Coal’’ powered the early part of formed by the floor manager for the and have a vote on the underlying our industrial development and still majority it is his intention that the Daschle amendment. If Senator MUR- plays a critical role. Hopefully, it will Senate will go into recess at 1:30 to KOWSKI wants a vote on the second de- continue, with the application of new allow Senators to attend a briefing gree, we would be happy to do that also technologies, to play a critical role in Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld is going and move to whatever Senator MUR- generating electricity for our homes, to conduct for Senators from 1:30 to KOWSKI wants to offer. schools, offices, and our factories. 2:30. Then we would be back at the I ask unanimous consent that fol- From the time oil was discovered in same place we are now. That is for the lowing the statement of the Senator Pennsylvania in 1859, the petroleum in- information of Senators. from Connecticut, Senator NICKLES be dustry has grown enormously—at first, I suggest the absence of a quorum. recognized to offer an opening state- displacing whale oil for lighting and, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ment regarding this bill. eventually, powering the world’s trans- clerk will call the roll. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without portation systems. Enormous deposits of oil spurred development of oil fields The legislative clerk proceeded to objection, it is so ordered. The Senator from Connecticut is rec- in many parts of our country, includ- call the roll. ognized. ing Texas, Oklahoma, and California. Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask Mr. LIEBERMAN. Mr. President, the The 1930s witnessed the enormous ex- unanimous consent that the order for Senate has begun a very important de- pansion of hydropower in various parts the quorum call be rescinded. bate in the last few days on our na- of our country, including, of course, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tional energy policy. This is a debate the Tennessee Valley and the north- objection, it is so ordered. that will literally affect the lives and west section of America. In the middle the quality of the lives of every single part of the 20th century, we began to f American, as well as affect our na- harness the atom and develop nuclear tional security, our independence in power, which was going to be, in the RECESS carrying out our foreign and defense view of many at that time, ‘‘too cheap policies, and the quality of the environ- to meter.’’ In other words, it would be Mr. REID. Madam President, Sec- ment and the natural resources from so inexpensive you would not even be retary Rumsfeld will be here in less which we derive such pleasure as Amer- able to keep track of it to base costing than 15 minutes. We believe all Sen- icans. So this is a very important and on. ators should have the opportunity to timely debate. Nuclear power continues to be a sig- attend that briefing. I checked with It has been 10 years since we last nificant part of our energy mix. In a both leaders. They agree. Therefore, I passed major energy legislation. We State like mine, it is most significant. ask unanimous consent the Senate are starting with a bill hundreds of We have two plants up and operating stand in recess until 2:30 today. pages long, and hundreds—or at least that have been decommissioned. I hope There being no objection, the Senate, 100—amendments may find their way we can find a way forward to build a at 1:16 p.m., recessed until 2:30 p.m. and onto it. We are going to be debating next generation of safe nuclear power- reassembled when called to order by some very big opportunities and some plants. the Presiding Officer (Mr. CARPER.) very big problems, as well as many The oil price shocks of the 1970s The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- other smaller issues associated with brought home to us our dependence on ator from Nevada is recognized. the bill. foreign markets for oil, on which so

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1576 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 much of our country and its economy with this energy legislation. Energy Alaska. If we opened up, God forbid, have become dependent. With those policy and environmental policy are, if the Arctic Refuge to oil exploration, shocks came an understanding of the you allow me to put it this way, like a there would be, as we have said over ability of foreign countries to seriously gas pedal and a brake pedal. They only and over, a blip of oil to meet the enor- disrupt our economy and our lives make sense when they are used to- mous need we would have. It just does through higher prices, bringing higher gether and used sensibly. not do it for us. inflation, and unemployment. We As we consider energy legislation, we We should say no to oil development began to think and do more about re- have a clear choice between developing in the Arctic Refuge. We should protect versing this trend by pursuing energy an innovative and independent new en- a most unusual, unique, magnificent, efficiency and developing alternative ergy policy or continuing the same pol- inspiring piece of America, piece of sources of energy, including renewable icy—a policy that will continue our en- God’s creation, which is the Arctic Na- energy. ergy dependence, deprive us of national tional Wildlife Refuge. We have to go Yet we have remained largely de- independence and compromise the in a new direction. We need to spur ag- pendent on—some would say addicted health of our people and the openness gressive development of both new and to—fossil fuels, which has exacerbated and condition of our environment. proven energy sources and tech- our dependence. We have also found out We all know that America needs a lot nologies, which would include natural along the way that our energy has a of energy. It takes energy to move our gas, the subject of the amendment be- cost beyond that of discovering, pro- cars and trucks, to cool our refrig- fore the Senate now. ducing, and transporting product to erators, and power the terrific techno- We should encourage hybrid vehicles. market. It has health and environ- logical tools that drive our innovative Some of those are out and selling very mental costs. The smokestacks of our economy. The challenge is—and it is a well. There are waiting lists of people powerplants, factories, and the tail- challenge—how do we get that energy who want to buy them and cannot get pipes of our cars and trucks spew out in a way that does not do the kind of them rapidly enough. millions of tons of pollutants in great damage I have just described? We must pave the way for renew- quantity, including sulfur dioxide, ni- The biggest challenge is in transpor- ables, fuel cells, and other barely imag- trogen oxides, hydrocarbons, mercury, tation. Cars and trucks are responsible ined technologies. I am convinced we and carbon dioxide. Our citizens —espe-for two-thirds of all petroleum use in have the brain power and the economic cially our youngest and our oldest—are the United States. That overreliance power to develop them if we put our subject to a variety of diseases associ- not only harms public health and the mind and will to it. Of course, we ated with their lungs, particularly, in- environment, but also hastens global should develop our remaining oil de- cluding fine particles and ozone. warming. The overreliance forces us on posits that can be developed without There is quite a remarkable article a course of foreign policy dependence hurting the environment, and there are in the press today about a study that because it entangles us in unstable re- some remarkable new technologies has been completed—I believe it ap- gions and forces us to deal in a much that will help us do that. peared in the Journal of the American less demanding way than we otherwise Fuel cells are a particularly prom- Medical Association—which draws a would with regimes that do not reflect ising technology, and I hope we in Gov- powerful and unsettling link between our values, human rights, religious tol- ernment will work with industry and certain pollutants and higher degrees erance, openness, and democracy. others to develop a credible business of disease and, in fact, projected num- Some people think we can drill our plan, that is what I would call it, for bers of premature deaths. That is, peo- way out of this imbalance, but we have fuel cell technology development, a ple would have lived longer had they to do the math, and the math is power- business plan that would have clear not been inhaling the emissions from ful. We have 3 percent of the oil re- goals and timetables by which we power plants and some of the rest of serves left within our control, yet we would develop and deploy fuel cells. our society. Our lakes and streams have suffered consume 25 percent of the world’s oil. I support the progressive tax incen- under the assault of acid rain. Our bays Two-thirds of the world’s oil lies in tives for alternative fuels and clean are being choked by nitrogen loadings countries in the Persian Gulf, even and renewable energy that are part of that come from cars and powerplants. though we have developed other the package that came out of the Fi- People throughout the country cannot sources of energy and oil from Latin nance Committee. I thank and com- eat fish out of lakes nearby because of America, from Africa, and increasingly mend Chairman BAUCUS and Senator mercury contamination. The great vis- from central Asia. GRASSLEY on crafting a responsible and tas of our national parks are despoiled We cannot just drill our way out of forward-looking set of incentives to by haze created by motor vehicles, the problem. The more oil we use, the transform our energy mix and make us powerplants, and the fossil fuels they more dependent we will be on oil that more independent and efficient. are burning creating emissions. other countries have and own. That is The bill before us does open doors to We are heating up the planet through one of the lessons we have to learn innovation. It sets up a new framework greenhouse gases. We face potentially from world events and consider as we for the kinds of innovative energy pol- catastrophic consequences over time go forward on this energy legislation. icy we need. That really should be the associated with sea level rise and in- America’s strength is not in our oil commitment of our generation, a sin- creased threats from airborne diseases reserves. That is the painful fact. gle-minded, all-out drive to protect our that migrate north toward our country America’s strength is in our reserves of security by developing a new frame- or within our country as we heat up innovation and technical know-how. work for energy use in our country. the planet’s atmosphere as a result of An energy strategy that is good for We have to start with energy effi- the use of fossil fuels. America will exploit those reserves of ciency standards. Over the last 20 We cannot continue to use the at- innovation and technical know-how to years, we have made magnificent effi- mosphere as a dumping ground for produce smart energy-saving tech- ciency gains which lay a firm founda- waste coming out of smokestacks and nology and cleaner modern fuels. tion for future progress. Increasing the tailpipes on a business-as-usual basis. Unfortunately, many would have us fuel efficiency of cars and trucks by It is our responsibility as stewards of extend our dependence on oil, and be- just 3 miles per gallon, well within our the Earth that we are blessed to in- cause other countries overwhelmingly reach technologically, would save 6 bil- habit as temporary residents, trustees control the oil reserves, that means ex- lion gallons of gasoline per year. As I for the generations and generations tending our dependence on foreign oil. understand it, by the best estimates, that will follow us over the centuries They have even, in addition, proposed that is about two times the oil that ahead, to establish a framework, a sys- the despoiling of some of our most pre- would come out of the Arctic Refuge if tem for meeting our energy needs with- cious places in the process. And for we drilled. out harming public health or destroy- what? We will obviously will have a de- That 3-miles-per-gallon increase in ing the environment in the process. bate, as we have had before, on the fuel efficiency would also save Ameri- We must consider both of those im- question of whether to drill in that re- cans $9 billion a year in annual spend- portant policy factors as we go forward maining 5 percent of the North Slope of ing. Imagine that, $9 billion in savings.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1577 The increase would also reduce carbon by ensuring they can make a physical house gases in our atmosphere to safe emissions by 15 million tons a year, connection to the grid and by enacting levels. Now that is an objective on that much less contributing to the pol- tax credits that will ensure the market which I hope we can all agree. In fact, lution of our air and the warming of is open and welcoming to them; in the Senate has already agreed on that our planet. other words, to give consumers and goal because it is the stated objective We can clearly do, in my opinion, businesses a tax credit for use of some of the 1992 Rio Treaty on Climate better than 3 miles per gallon. That ob- of the renewable and alternative en- Change, which this body ratified. viously will be the topic of debate that ergy systems coming on board, includ- Finally, I again compliment the com- will occur on the amendment on this ing fuel cells. prehensive nature of the Byrd-Stevens bill regarding so-called CAFE stand- We should also require electricity provision. In crafting a climate change ards. We were all shocked in the 1970s generators, I believe, to account for a strategy, the White House office would by the steep increase in the price of oil portion of their output through renew- be instructed to consider four key ele- as a result of the Arab oil embargo in able energy sources, and I support the ments: Emissions mitigation, tech- 1973 and 1974 and the Iranian revolution inclusion of a renewable portfolio nology development, adaptation needs, in 1979. Gas prices were approaching a standard in this bill. and further scientific research. Very dollar a gallon, and we thought the I understand many existing indus- often in our debate on this issue all price would only continue to rise. tries are resistant to change because four of these topics do not make it into We made some real efficiency gains change involves risk. Fortunately, the discussion, but they must. in our economy and in our transpor- many companies are ready to accept To quote Senator BYRD, his bill is tation fleet, but the price of oil col- some risk because they know there is meant to complement, not replace, lapsed in 1986. Despite a few price reward in that, that nothing ulti- other mitigation measures by creating spikes along the way, gasoline is now mately ever stays the same. Many a process by which we receive expert not that much over a dollar a gallon, businesses have developed new tech- evaluation of the challenge we face. I making it cheaper, certainly when ad- nologies and are willing to do so even hope this legislation will be the tree off justed for inflation, than it was in 1980. more if given a clear, lasting signal which other critical climate change New sales of vehicles are increasingly from our Government as to what we measures will branch. characterized by sport utility vehicles are going to ask and in which direction This is a challenge of great import to and light trucks—great vehicles, but we are going. If Government leads by us and to all who will follow us on the our overall fuel efficiency has therefore establishing clear goals, objectives, planet. As Senator STEVENS starkly re- and thereby declined. and incentives, as this bill does, minded our Governmental Affairs Com- We are caught in a policy bind. We progress will follow. Government can mittee at a hearing last year, we can have less expensive fuel, providing lit- act as an innovation spur, not an inno- already see some deeply unsettling tle incentive to conserve, and industry vation barrier. signs of climate change in the Arctic. remains opposed to increased fuel effi- I know there are some who will argue Permafrost is melting, glaciers are dis- ciency standards. So gas prices remain the energy bill is not the place to ad- appearing, boreal forests are moving low, our fuel efficiency averages are de- dress climate change. I disagree. I see north, and the migrating habits of clining, and therefore we continue to climate change as probably the biggest many species are being disrupted. increase our reliance on imports of oil. long-term environmental challenge The provision these two leading Sen- I hope this legislation before us will that we as Americans and everyone ators, Messrs. BYRD and STEVENS, au- thored is an important first step in ex- provide the opportunity to break that else on the planet face. Some would amining and reacting to the climate gridlock and that we will support in- argue climate change is separate from change crisis. To me, it is one every creased fuel efficiency standards for energy, but I respectfully disagree; Member of the Senate ought to be able our vehicles. they are inextricably linked. The over- to support, and I hope because it is I believe people who oppose the in- whelming majority of greenhouse emis- part of this legislation before us that creases in fuel efficiency may well un- sions come from producing and con- derestimate the resourcefulness and in- all will. suming energy, whether in our power- I am thankful for the opportunity to genuity of our researchers and/or in- plants, our factories, or our cars and make this opening statement. I repeat dustry. For example, the Massachu- trucks. what I said at the beginning: This is a setts Institute of Technology is devel- I particularly salute the pioneering bill whose importance to every single oping a most promising new tech- bipartisan work done by Senators BYRD American and to our country in gen- nology for economically reducing gaso- and STEVENS to promote research and eral cannot be overstated. I look for- line engine vehicle emissions and fuel development on climate change, to re- ward to the debate. I hope we can find consumption. It could reduce smog-pro- quire an office in the White House common ground to achieve what I be- ducing nitrogen oxide emissions from which will have the responsibility of lieve is our commonly held goal, which gas engines by 90 percent, and it has developing and overseeing the imple- is to make America more energy inde- the potential to increase engine effi- mentation of hopefully a national cli- pendent than it is today. ciency by 25 percent and reduce carbon mate change policy. I yield the floor. dioxide emissions by 20 percent. I am proud to say the Governmental The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. We should take advantage of the Affairs Committee unanimously passed CORZINE). Under the previous order, the many advances that have been made the Byrd-Stevens legislation and it has assistant Republican leader is recog- under the aegis of the Partnership For become part of the energy bill we are nized. a New Generation of Vehicles, a pri- debating. The provision does not create Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, thank vate-public partnership between the any mandatory programs to address you very much. Federal Government and the auto- climate change—that debate has been I wish to make a few remarks regard- mobile industry to improve the fuel ef- reserved for another day—but it puts a ing the energy bill. Let me first com- ficiency of our vehicles. The advances strategic planning and research and de- pliment my colleague and the former we have made in these hybrid tech- velopment foundation in place so we chairman of the committee, Senator nologies that have already come out of can understand the nature of our prob- MURKOWSKI, for his leadership on this that partnership are dramatic. The ad- lem and begin to work aggressively on issue and for the statement he made ministration has embraced fuel cells solutions. both yesterday and today. fueled by hydrogen, and I welcome In particular, the Byrd-Stevens legis- Let me also express my very strong that, but the results are still some lation would create a comprehensive displeasure with the process that leads time away. That is why we need to effort within the executive branch that us here today. I am glad we are debat- make advances in fuel economy sooner, would provide creative thought, the ing energy. I am glad we are going to as well as later. creative thought that global warming have an energy bill that will be amend- We must also reform our energy sys- requires, including a new White House ed and discussed. But I am very upset tem to give renewables and alternative office to develop a peer reviewed strat- about the procedure and how we ar- energy fair access to the market, both egy to stabilize the levels of green- rived here today.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1578 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 I served 22 years on the Energy Com- abruptly halted further committee can read what is in it in English, not mittee. I worked with Democrats and consideration of major energy legisla- just the legislative language which is Republicans to pass historic legisla- tion after Democrats concluded there difficult to decipher. Our competent tion, to deregulate the price of natural were probably enough votes on the and capable staff prepare a committee gas. I worked with Senator Bennett panel to approve the Bush administra- report explaining in English, here is Johnson, Wendell Ford, Jim McClure, tion’s plan for drilling in Alaska’s Arc- what this provision does, here is what and other Senators. It was bipartisan, tic National Wildlife Refuge.’’ this provision means. historic, important legislation. We In the Washington Times, the head- On most legislative issues I can re- passed other legislation. line, ‘‘Daschle Takes Control of the En- member we have had a committee re- My point is, we passed historic, ergy Bill; Republicans decry bid to port. There is no committee report be- meaningful legislation in a bipartisan stall Alaskan drilling as ‘partisan’ ma- cause the committee did not report on manner through committee markups, neuver.’’ this bill. some of which, as in the case of natural Daschle yesterday took control of the en- This bill has enormous potential im- gas deregulation, took years. We ergy bill in a move to strengthen his opposi- pact on American citizens, but no one worked on it, we amended it, and tion to the administration’s proposal to drill knows what is in it. I didn’t know what brought a bill to the floor. We did not for oil in Alaska’s Arctic National Wildlife was in it and still don’t, even today. I do that in this case. I cannot recall in Refuge, which President Bush says is critical pride myself on doing a little home- my Senate career a legislative proposal to national security. work on legislative issues. I kind of this significant where it bypassed the In an unusual legislative action . . . like to read bills. The bill introduced committee. The committee proposal we It is more than ‘‘unusual.’’ I don’t re- by Senator DASCHLE did not come have before the Senate had no Repub- member it happening. I have been here through the committee. Maybe it is lican input. I have not had one chance 22 years, and maybe others who have supported by Senator BINGAMAN, but it to offer one amendment to this bill. I been here longer can say it has hap- is not supported by this Senator. It was am offended by that. I am offended by pened, but I can’t remember a majority introduced February 15. It is 436 pages. the process. I am offended by the fact leader saying: Stop, don’t work, don’t I wanted to get the yeas and nays be- that people think we do not want mark up, I will come up with some- cause I had an idea it might be markup in the committee because we thing on my own. changed. I was not successful and could cannot control the committee. Since That does not happen. not do that. But it was introduced and when do we say, we will not have Mr. BINGAMAN. Will the Senator I thought at least I can now start read- markups if we cannot win? yield for a question? ing it and do homework. That is exactly what happened. I Mr. NICKLES. I am happy to yield. The more I read, the less I liked. It is have heard some say, that is not really Mr. BINGAMAN. I recall when we a pretty crummy energy bill, in my what happened—we just rule 14 bills all saw the budget resolution last year opinion. I started to say you couldn’t the time. We do not, all the time, take that contained the President’s enor- do much worse, but maybe you could, significant legislative action and say mous tax cut, that came from the surely you could. It is not much to my we don’t want the committee to mark Budget Committee without markup. liking, but I had no input on this bill it up; we do not want to have bipar- That was brought by Senator DOMENICI whatsoever. And I think I happen to be tisan input; we do not want to allow to the floor, at the request of the ma- No. 3 in seniority in the Energy and people to offer amendments; we do not jority leader at the time, Senator Natural Resources Committee—No. 3 want them to have an amendable vehi- LOTT. Am I not correct that was a or 4. cle. major piece of legislation that came to Then the bill was changed. That bill The fact is we did not have a legisla- the Senate floor without ever having a tive markup in the Energy and Natural was introduced on February 15, and it committee markup? was 436 pages. On February 26, the bill Resources Committee for months. I am Mr. NICKLES. Let me answer the offended by that. Why am I serving in was introduced, just a week or so ago, Senator’s question. I thank the Sen- and it was 539 pages. It grew by over 100 the Senate? Why did I select the En- ator for the point. ergy and Natural Resources Com- pages in a couple of weeks. I don’t There is a difference between a budg- know what the differences are. I am mittee? Why am I one of the senior et resolution that is not even law—a members on that committee and not trying to find out. I thought, now I budget resolution does not even go to even have a chance to offer an amend- have a printed copy. I had to ask con- the President for signature. Budget ment to express some positive or nega- sent to get this copy printed, so I did. resolutions are entirely different mat- tive points about some provisions that So now it would not be just in loose- ters. That is not the same. A budget affect every single American? I did not leaf form, and now we can get some resolution does not have the impact. A even have a chance to offer an amend- work done. I can do my homework and budget resolution authorizes commit- ment. I did not even have a chance to take this home. tees to say: Here is how much you say this is good or bad. Now we have to I started reading it. I didn’t like this spend. But it is not a tax cut. You still do it on the floor. one either. And I didn’t have any im- There are a lot of items in this bill have to pass a tax cut; you still have to pact on this. I didn’t get to vote on one that a lot of people do not know about. pass the legislation. single page of this bill—not one. I am I wonder if my colleagues are aware This is legislation. This is a bill that offended by that process. there is a $10 billion loan guarantee in will become law. This is a bill that has Then it was changed yesterday. We this bill. Most people do not know that the potential of increasing the cost of have version No. 3. This was dated is included. We never had a hearing on vehicles for everybody in America by March 5. It is 590 pages. That is only it. We did not have a hearing on it in $2,000 or $3,000. Are people aware of another 51 pages more than the bill the House or in the Senate and it is in that? Do I recall a hearing on that pro- that was on the floor a week or so ago. the bill. I understand they will change vision, the so-called CAFE standards? I have not analyzed that. I don’t know it. That is interesting. That has not No. Did the Commerce Committee have what is in the 51 pages. I have not fig- been discussed. a hearing on it? Did the Commerce ured that out yet. But I do know I had When Senator MURKOWSKI was chair- Committee have a markup on it? Did it no impact, no input, no amendment— man of the committee, we had a lot of pass by bipartisan majority out of the nothing. hearings dealing with the issue, and we Commerce Committee? The answer is We have a terrible process where the were going to mark up the bill. We no. majority leader shuts down the Energy started marking up the bill last year Where is the committee report? One and Natural Resources Committee and but we stopped. Why did we stop? The of the reasons we have markups in says: We do not care if you have 20 Washington Post says in an October 11 committees is to have everybody on members who have experience on these headline, ‘‘Daschle Stops Panel’s Con- the committee who has expertise on issues. We don’t care if you have had a sideration of Energy Bill.’’ the issue to have input, to support it or lot of hearings in the past on these Then it goes on to say: ‘‘Majority oppose it—to issue a committee report issues—issues such as electricity, leader, TOM DASCHLE, yesterday so we can find out what is in it, so you CAFE standards drilling in Alaska. We

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1579 do not care if you have expertise be- blocks to buy gasoline. There was a Instead, we are acting as if we have cause we do not want your input. The real shortage. It was caused by an oil some type of totalitarian government Democrats are going to put together a embargo because there was a real crisis or some type of kingdom over here that bill. We will decide what you will mark in the Middle East. says: Committees don’t operate. I’ll de- up. At that particular point in time, we cide what is in your bills. Maybe one or Sure, there is a reason. They said: If had gross crude oil imports of 26.1 per- two people, maybe three—I don’t know you want to change it, go change it. We cent. Today we are over 60 percent. In how many; a few people, not Repub- will give you some amendments. And 1979 we had another shortage. It was licans—put together the bill. It is 590 we will have amendments. Yes, we will during the Iranian hostage situation. pages. Oh, we will amend but if you just fix it. That is almost the size of There was an embargo. At that time we offer a couple of amendments, we are the Bible, and unlike the Bible, it con- were importing 44.5 percent. Today we going to filibuster those amendments. tains no good news. are importing 60 percent. You need 60 votes. Good luck. This is a problem. Now we have to fix Today we have a real problem in the If you marked it up in the committee it. We will fix it paragraph by para- Middle East. It is flaring up every day and put ANWR in the bill—which we graph. There are a lot of paragraphs in in Israel. It could expand. I hope and would have—then somebody would 590 pages. I keep reading things in here pray it does not. But we are a lot more have to strike it out of the bill. It is to- I don’t like. What is my alternative? I vulnerable today than we were back in tally different. Then you are talking didn’t have a chance to offer an amend- 1973 and 1979. So now, finally, we have about a majority vote, you are not ment. I do not like the loan guarantee. an administration that has put to- talking about 60 votes. There is a big I don’t like any loan guarantee. For gether a package after a lot of work, difference. Or if somebody wants to set the most part I opposed the steel loan promoted that package, passed that new CAFE standards, new CAFE stand- guarantees. I lost on that one. Now package, by and large, in the House of ards that have bipartisan support that there are loan guarantees for oil com- Representatives. come out of the Commerce Committee, panies in here. I don’t like loan guaran- Did the Senate have a hearing on the we didn’t do that. It is a terrible legis- tees for oil companies either. It is in House-passed package and use that as a lative process. Shame on the Senate for here. Now I have to strike it, I have to markup vehicle? We do that a lot, but this legislative process. Shame on the replace it. we didn’t in this case. Senate. I don’t like the CAFE standards. Did we hold the House-passed bill at I have only been here 22 years, but we Some people think: Let’s just increase the desk and use that as a markup ve- have not done this. It is not the same CAFE standards; we’ll go from 27.5 to hicle? We do that a lot. No, we didn’t thing as the budget resolution. It is not 35. Wait a minute, in this other version do it in this case. the same thing as a sense-of-the-Senate it was 36. But we are going to increase We started with an entirely different resolution. This is very comprehensive, CAFE standards. bill, one that has never seen the light significant legislation. It is similar to Does that include SUVs and pickups? of day, one that has never gone legislation with which we wrestled in Do they have a different standard? Yes. through a legislative markup, one that the last Congress dealing with the Pa- How much will that cost? Some peo- has never had a Republican amendment tients’ Bill of Rights. It is a tough bill. ple say it costs a couple of thousand considered. I was in charge of a lot of it. I dis- dollars a vehicle. It may cost a lot Basically, what you have is a couple agreed with a lot of the ideas that were more. It may cost thousands of lives. of people who put this bill together, floating around. But we had a markup Who had a hearing? Where is the making a whole lot of special interest in the Labor Committee. We had a committee report? Where is the sci- groups very happy in the process. markup in the Labor Committee that entific analysis? Where is the data we There are lot of special interest groups lasted days. We had 30, 40 votes on have from the Department of Transpor- that, because of this bill, are very amendments; more amendments, that tation that this is a good change? It is happy. But it is a pathetic excuse for many votes. not here. an energy bill, and it is a very poor ex- The committee passed, with Senator Where is the committee report, cuse if we want to do something that GREGG’s leadership, with Senator COL- where you can study the pros and cons, will help solve some of our national en- LINS’ and others, a Patients’ Bill of the supporting opinions and dissenting ergy problems. Even worse than that, Rights. Senator JEFFORDS was on the opinions that we usually have in the it is a terrible legislative process. committee at that time. They passed a back of the report? It is not here. I If we are going to tell two major pretty decent Patients’ Bill of Rights, don’t recall a committee report. committees—the Energy Committee and we considered it on the floor and We are going to consider legislation for the energy components of this bill amended it on the floor, and we passed of monumental importance, probably and the Commerce Committee for the it. the most important issue we will con- CAFE standards—don’t mark up, then I didn’t agree with everything that sider this year—maybe not. Maybe it is you have just disenfranchised 47 Sen- was in it, but I agreed with the final in the eyes of the beholder. Maybe ators: We don’t want your input; one or package. It was a decent package. It some people think campaign reform is two people will decide what we are brought a lot of people together. Some more important. I don’t. This will im- going to do, and if you don’t like it, people said it was not enough. But any- pact every single American because en- amend it; and, incidentally, if you try way, it went through the legislative ergy security is national security. If to amend, we are going to filibuster process. It wasn’t easy. We could have you don’t have energy security, you your amendments so now you have to said: We are in the majority, the heck don’t have national security. If you have 60 votes to change this bill. with the committee; we will come up don’t have energy security, you don’t What is the difference? If a com- with what we have deemed is the right have economic security. mittee markup was held you would package and run with it. We have seen that happen in the have input from Democrats and Repub- I think that is a violation of Senate past. We have found ourselves, in the licans. You would probably come a lot protocol, spirit—basically telling the past, when we have not prepared prop- closer to having consensus, a bipar- minority they don’t matter. It doesn’t erly, to have made serious mistakes, to tisan bill. You would have a committee make any difference if there are 49 have been really vulnerable to curtail- report so people could understand it, Members on the Republican side, you ments. We had a curtailment, I might they could read what it is, what people don’t matter; you have no input. remind my colleagues. In 1973 we had a are trying to do, what they are doing in I just very strongly disagree with curtailment. It was called the Arab oil the legislative language. Then, if you that. It means a lot to people who have embargo. Some of my colleagues might disagreed with what the committee not looked at this legislation. Usually remember it. I remember it. I was in did, a group of 40 Senators—in this a lot of Senators haven’t looked at it the private sector back in those days. case, 20 from the Energy Committee but they rely on the committee, the There were lines; there were shortages; and 20 from the Commerce Committee; authorizing committee, for their exper- we had brownouts; we had schools that maybe 42 or 43—you could offer amend- tise and for their homework, and they were closed; we had people lined up for ments to try to change it. can rely on them for their judgments.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1580 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 It is kind of hard for us, many of us But why are we going to mandate nals to SUV moms all across the coun- on this side of the aisle, because we which way to go? Why are we going to try: Hey, the Senate Democrats, under have not looked at this. I keep finding mandate which way to go under Sen- this bill, are going to raise the price of things in there at which I am kind of ator DASCHLE’s amendment without your vehicle by at least a couple thou- shocked: Where did this come from? even a hearing? Whose special interest sand, if not $3,000 or $4,000. Notice to Well, some lobbyist or somebody had group is this? soccer moms, notice to SUV vehicles: some idea, so he stuck it in the bill. We I just question the wisdom of acting It is in here. It is going to increase the have all kinds of mandates and sub- this way, of having this bill up in this price of your vehicle. sidies and loan guarantees. manner. We have not had a hearing on Maybe I should have an amendment Now there is an amendment that says this bill. No one knows what is in it ex- that says Senate cars should meet that we, in our infinite wisdom, are cept for a few people. And now here is these standards, because they do not. going to choose which pipeline route to an amendment that says: Oh, in our in- But we are going to make every soccer go for a natural gas pipeline in Alaska. finite wisdom, we are going to dictate mom in America pay for this because it The underlying bill says there is a $10 you go this route. Let’s go the longer is in this bill. billion loan guarantee. I question that. route, the route that looks a lot more Oh, soccer moms: One of reasons you But I also question why we are trying expensive because it is several hundred like these SUVs is that they are kind to choose which pipeline route should miles longer than the other route. We of big, kind of safe. My son has two be involved in building the Alaska nat- are going to dictate that? kids, and he has one. He has the baby ural gas pipeline. I don’t think we should. Maybe I am seats in it, and he likes it because it is Let me see. Let me count the number in the minority on that. I want to defer safe. It is not going to be nearly as safe of days we have had hearings on this. to my friend from Alaska, Senator if this bill passes because this bill is This is about a $20 billion project—a MURKOWSKI. I have great respect for going to mandate—well, the vehicle is pretty good size project, over which we him. But I really question the wisdom going to have to have a much smaller should have held several hearings on at of Congress trying to dictate this, and engine, it is going to have to be a lot the least. it just goes with the whole process of lighter, it is going to resemble some- Did they have a hearing in the House this bill. thing more like a Volkswagen than it of Representatives? No. I am more offended by the process is an SUV, and we are sorry about that. This language or similar language is and the way this has come to the floor Will the fatalities go up if we pass in the House bill. I am not going to than anything procedurally in the Sen- this bill? The answer is yes, by the fault the House. I think they did a ate in my career, and certainly out of thousands. How many? What scientific pretty good job. I question the wisdom of putting this this committee. I have not been on studies do we have? We don’t know. We in without hearings. Should we dictate other committees. Maybe other com- have not had a hearing. We were not which pipeline route? I hate to say mittees have tried a little end run like able to ask the safety experts. We were this, but what about the marketplace this in the past, but I can’t remember. not able to ask the experts who build deciding which route? Why don’t we But I know they have not in the En- this: Can this be done? Can it be done use the route that would be most eco- ergy Committee because I have been on safely? And how much will it cost? nomical? Why don’t we use the route the committee. I would have been very I would love to ask the automobile that makes most economic sense? Why outspoken. If our side tried to do it, I manufacturer: How much is this going don’t we use the most feasible route? would say: No, that is not right. We to cost? Can we comply with these Is that language in here? No. The have to run it through committee. You standards? How much more will SUVs language that Senator DASCHLE is pro- have to have input from Democrats and cost in 8 years if they meet this stand- posing now—in addition to the $10 bil- Republicans. ard? lion loan guarantee that came from You may have party-line votes once I will tell you, it is going to be in the somewhere, just appeared in this bill— or twice, but most of the time on the thousands. We do not know because we it says: Oh, we are going to take the Energy Committee we didn’t vote on have not had the hearing. We have not southern route. The southern route—if party lines. We tried to vote for what asked those questions. We have not you look at the chart; that is the one was right and in the best interests of gone the legislative route. There is no shown in orange—swings through Fair- the country. committee report. There was no home- banks and through Alaska. It is several This is 590 pages of all kinds of little work done. This is put together and hundred miles longer than the other subsidies for alternative fuels, man- changed almost on a daily basis. route. The other route looks a lot dates. Oh, we already have a big man- It is a crummy way to legislate. And cleaner, a lot shorter, a lot straighter, date for ethanol, about 53 cents a gal- this first amendment is a crummy way and it is also in plains, maybe marsh. lon for ethanol. Now we are going to to legislate, a very poor way. Shame on It is parallel to the Mackenzie River. mandate not only the subsidy, but we the Senate if, oh, we are just going to The other one goes through about 900 are going to mandate that they have to decide this is the way we are going to miles of mountains. produce so many gallons; I think it is build this pipeline, we are going to dic- I used to work for a pipeline com- something like 5 billion gallons in an- tate you have to take this route. pany. I helped lay pipe in some of my other 10 years or something. Wow. How That is not the way it should be private sector days. I know a little bit much are we going to do? Then on and done, not when you are talking about about it. I know it is expensive. Man, it on and on. $20 billion, not when you are talking is a lot more expensive to do it in the The more I see—oh, we have subsidies about Federal loan guarantees that mountains than it is on the plains. for wind energy, you name it. There should not be in the bill in the first There may be pluses and minuses on are all kinds of things that are in this place. Oh, now we are going to have both. I do not know all the pluses and bill, some of which are very question- loan guarantees and we are going to minuses. able economically, some of which are dictate which route to go. We never I know one thing: I probably do not going to greatly increase consumer had a hearing. We do not know which know enough yet to say this is the prices. way is the best as far as protecting the right route or this other one is. I have Then let me just touch on the other environment is concerned. We do not not studied it enough. I don’t recall a side of it, and that is the issue of know which is best as far as the econ- hearing. I have not met with all sides. CAFE. The Federal Government is omy is concerned. One might cost I have met with a couple people. I have going to mandate that we raise the fuel twice as much. constituents who have an involvement. average economy standards from 27.5 I would think to build a mile of pipe- I have constituents who have some miles per gallon to 35 miles per gallon, line through the mountains would minerals or gas in the project, and they and do that over the next 13 years. In probably be several times as expensive would like to get it to market. I would a previous bill it was over 11 years. as building one on the plains. Yet we like to get it to market. It would be Now that has been adjusted. have an amendment offered by Senator good for the economy to get it to mar- My wife happens to drive a Path- DASCHLE, the first amendment up: Here ket. finder, an SUV. We should send out sig- is what we are going to do. Maybe

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1581 there are political considerations be- billion project? This is a crummy way sistence. They support drilling on land hind his amendment. I don’t know. But to legislate. The Senate leadership and support activity on land, but they I am just astounded by this process. should know this is not the way to op- are reluctant to see activity offshore I am very disappointed in this proc- erate. that may change the route of the mi- ess. This process should not be re- We should not disenfranchise 40 some gratory whale movement of the bull- peated. It should not be repeated by Senators from the committee process. I head whale. So they are opposed. Democrats or Republicans. We have hope we won’t do it in the future. I can cite for the record comments I committees for a purpose. We have I yield the floor. received in opposition to anything out committees for a purpose: So we can The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- at sea that might affect them. have bipartisan input, so we can have ator from Alaska. I ask unanimous consent to print the the legislative process work, so we can Mr. MURKOWSKI. I wonder if I could comments in the RECORD. have hearings on legislation so people respond to some questions that the There being no objection, the mate- can know what they are voting on, to Senator from Oklahoma, the minority rial was ordered to be printed in the where they can try to improve it, to whip, brought up because I certainly RECORD, as follows: where any member of the committee agree with his contention that these COMMENTS ON PROPOSALS FOR A NATURAL GAS has an opportunity to read the bill and matters have not been addressed in a PIPELINE FROM THE NORTH SLOPE OF ALAS- KA BY GEORGE N. AHMAOGAK, SR. MAYOR, to amend it, to change it—win or lose, committee process. They are being ad- NORTH SLOPE BOROUGH, BARROW, ALASKA at least they have the opportunity to dressed on the floor. As I indicated earlier in my opening (Submitted to the United States Senate, try. Committee on Energy and Natural Re- No one has had an opportunity to statement, we have quite a responsi- sources, October 2, 2001) amend this bill—no one. A few people bility before us to educate Members. I I want to thank Chairman Bingaman and might have been able to get their spe- think the questions my friend from the Committee for inviting comments on cial interest provisions in, thanks to Oklahoma posed deserve consideration. North Slope natural gas development from the majority leader and to the chair- I wonder if I could perhaps offer an ex- residents of the regions, because we will be man of the committee. But no one, no planation as to why the proposed route most affected by the impacts of develop- Member of the Senate, has offered an that has been supported by the State of ment. As Mayor of the North Slope Borough. amendment to this bill because it has Alaska is the preferred route. I represent the people who live in eight com- As my colleague knows, the con- munities scattered across the top of Alaska. not had a markup. The majority of our residents are Inupiat Es- Right at about half the Senate has centration of capital necessary to build kimos, whose ancestry is traced back thou- been disenfranchised because we did either route is going to be substantial, sands of years along this stretch of the Arc- not have a markup on the CAFE stand- somewhere in the area of $15 to $20 bil- tic Ocean coastline. ard and did not have a markup on the lion. Clearly, the companies that are For more than a quarter of a century, the energy package. So now we are pre- going to build this pipeline are inter- people of the North Slope have played an ac- sented with an energy bill: Here it is. ested in a return on their investment. tive role in Alaska’s oil and gas develop- I don’t think my colleague is aware of ment. After our initial fears about the envi- Go get it. Have at it. See if you can im- ronmental safety of oil and gas operations prove it. Oh, yes, if you have an amend- the particulars associated with the were calmed by experience, we struck a ment we don’t like, get 60 votes. That northern route. stance on development that has not wavered. is not the way the Senate is supposed It would require roughly 400 miles of We have supported onshore projects when to work. pipeline at sea. If I can refer to the they contain adequate environmental safe- The Senate is a great institution. map, I think it is important to recog- guards for the land and animal populations People are violating the thrust of the nize that this is an area that is ex- and when they do not jeopardize our tradi- Senate. Totally ignoring the com- traordinary because it runs roughly tional subsistence hunting and fishing ac- mittee process should not be done from Prudhoe Bay, where the gas has tivities, which are so crucial to the continu- ation of our Native culture. lightly. So I am critical of it. been discovered about 400 miles off the We have pursued these goals in our inter- I want my colleagues to know of the Arctic coast. This is an area that is actions with the oil industry largely through problem of how we are situated. So we only ice free about 40 days of the year. our local powers of planning and zoning have a bad bill. Some of us are going to We are well above the Arctic Circle within the oil fields. We have also sponsored try to make it better. It may take a here. As a consequence, the technology extensive biological research and worked while. We may have to ask a lot of stu- is obviously achievable, but there is with state and federal agencies to gauge the pid questions: What is this in here for? still a question of at what price. continuing health of wildlife species in the region. How much is it going to cost? I would As the Senator from Oklahoma is Twenty-five years later, we remain com- like the proponents to know I am going well aware, we have been trying for mitted to the stewardship of our homeland to be asking those questions because I decades to get permits and the author- as we work in partnership with state and fed- did not have a chance to ask them yet. ity to open up ANWR, which is on land, eral agencies and the industry to extract the I did not have that chance to ask them for oil and gas exploration. The consid- oil and gas resources our nation so clearly in committee, so I am going to ask eration has been whether we could do needs. Our commitment to a culturally sen- them on the floor. So this markup may it safely. The problem we have in lay- sitive development approach leads us to a take a little while. ing this pipeline in this particular body very firm position on natural gas develop- ment. We recognize the need to export the This amendment may take a little of water is access because much of the North Slope’s vast natural gas supplies, and while. I do not want to filibuster this year it is covered with very heavy ice. we believe there is only one environmentally amendment, but I want to know how Theoretically, most pipelines are laid sensible transportation path—along the much it is going to cost. I want to with a trench being dug on the ocean route of the existing Trans-Alaska oil pipe- know why this route is preferred over floor and then covered up, and so forth. line. Most of the issues associated with pipe- the other route. I want to know why We are talking probably about this line routing have already been identified and there is a $10 billion loan guarantee in pipeline being 3 to 4 miles offshore successfully resolved through years of expe- the bill. Why? Who benefits from that? where you would get the adequate rience with the TAPS oil pipeline. Using the existing corridor is more environmentally ef- What is the purpose? Is that the best depth. The unique problem you have ficient than any alternative and is unlikely way to do it? Should it be done? Is it with the engineering is this scouring of to result in significant surprise impacts re- necessary for it to be done? Could we the bottom when the ice moves be- lated to land or wildlife. It is clearly the build the other route even without a cause, as you know, about seven-tenths safest and most acceptable transportation loan guarantee? Without price sup- of the ice is underwater. So these plan in our opinion. ports? Is that possible? Does it need to present some engineering problems. For these reasons, we support the State of be? Or does the marketplace dictate we They also present some problems as- Alaska’s insistence on a southerly (Alaska sociated with the concern over the Na- Highway) route. We also are adamant in our have to go this way? opposition to any project that would involve Aren’t those decent questions? tive people, the Eskimo people of Alas- an offshore pipeline to the McKenzie Delta Shouldn’t those questions be asked? ka and their concern over the migra- on the Canadian side of the border. We be- They have not been asked before. Yet tory bullhead whale which they are de- lieve this ‘‘over-the-top’’ scenario is techno- we are getting ready to commit to a $20 pendent on from the standpoint of sub- logically arrogant and offers substantially

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1582 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 greater risk of environmental and cultural your task, and I hope that faith, determina- is a little different than Oklahoma. We damage. tion and the good of the people guide you. are isolated from the United States by Our elders and our subsistence whalers are Mr. MURKOWSKI. As the Senator Canada. If we don’t put our foot for- the true experts on the seasonal movements from Oklahoma has expressed, we have of sea ice along the arctic coast. They have ward in the area of development, we spent decades studying the forces of pack ice not had any hearings. We don’t know are simply going to be a State where as it piles upon itself to create huge pressure what the scientific answer is. But there our resources are exported. We have no ridges the size of tall buildings. They have is the fear of the people and therefore residential capital base of any kind so witnessed the results of current-driven ice an objection to any offshore activity. capital comes in, exploits the re- scouring the ocean floor. They have heard Then there is the question of trying sources, takes them out, and leaves stories about these forces, stories that rep- to get permits to do something for nothing. Our oil companies are good resent the oral preservation of empirical which we don’t know what the impact citizens that come to Alaska. They science handed down from generation to gen- will be. We have never been able to get eration. support our efforts. But they are not At the same time, the industry has repeat- permits even on land, let alone the dif- domiciled in Alaska. edly tried and failed to show its ability to ficulty of offshore. The Senator from Oklahoma is fortu- clean up an oil spill in broken ice conditions. There is also a considerable discus- nate in having oil companies domiciled Demonstration of such ability should be an sion that has taken place in the engi- in his State even though I guess some absolute requirement before any offshore oil neering community about the pros- of them are moving to a little bigger development is allowed to occur. pects of having to loop the line at sea State—not the biggest State. I would Our opposition to an over-the-top route is because if you had a break or a frac- not conceived lightly. We have proven our- like to see them move to Alaska rather selves to be both willing partners and envi- ture and the tremendous amount of than Texas. He has a lot of independent ronmental stewards. When we stand up volume of somewhere in the area of 4 oil companies, oil and gas. We don’t against a proposal, our objection cannot be to 6 billion cubic feet a day flowing have that in Alaska because we have dismissed as environmental dogmatism. Nor through that into a market in the Mid- never been able to accumulate residen- can our support for a project be written off west, perhaps in Chicago, if there was a tial wealth nor the availability of pri- as pro-development fanaticism. Ours is a fracture, you would have a devastating vate land. more complex position, stemming from a supply situation. And your ability to This is a public lands State. As you cultural perspective that acknowledges the get at it in the winter with the heavy know, the wealth that is accumulated advantages of development, clings to an in- herent environmental ethic, and has as its ice, which is 4 and 5 and 6 and 9 feet in our State is public wealth. It is not highest goal the continued health of the thick, would mandate a duplicate private. So we don’t have domiciled original culture attached to this part of the route. These are all theoretical, but capital ventures that develop our world. The southerly route offers the best so- nevertheless they are concerns ex- State. We are dependent on outsiders lution in light of this trio of concerns. pressed. coming in with a lot of money. When While we support the southern route, we do I will highlight the concern associ- they take the resource out, they don’t not believe that a natural gas pipeline ated with this route. It is certainly a leave much more for it. should be supported at any and all cost. A route that is less from the standpoint successful project must have the inherent This has been the constant history of fiscal strength to preserve existing arrange- of distance. There are a couple other Alaska. It has been exploitation. First, ments for local property taxation of energy aspects we should point out. This is not it was the copper at Kennicott near infrastructure. We have heard rumors of tax necessarily a mountainous route. This Cordova. They took the copper out for concessions associated with a gas pipeline is a route that parallels the highway years and left nothing, absolutely project, but we have not been asked for our and also is a route proposed in 1941 for nothing except an abandoned railroad. opinion on such a scheme. We do not support a railroad to Alaska. The Senator from The canned salmon industry exploited tax concessions at the local level. Oklahoma knows we don’t have a con- the fishing in southern Alaska. It was Additionally, we are concerned about the cumulative impacts of oil and gas develop- nection with the transcontinental rail- all controlled out of Seattle. They left, ment. Federal project permits are based in roads of the United States or Canada. and there is nothing left in Alaska. We part on an analysis of potential environ- But this route is a relatively low ele- have had the oil industry, and we see mental impacts on land, wildlife and human vation. There is one pass in here where our oil going down to Valdez and inhabitants of the area. However, this anal- the pipeline goes. But as the Senator shipped out of the State. It benefits ysis is project specific, and while it has been knows, you increase pressure, and it is Washington and Oregon and California. discussed for years, no provision has ever not nearly as bad at picking up friction We are at the point of saying: Wait a been made for alleviating the cumulative ef- as an oil pipeline. minute. We have a resource in our fects of industrial activity on local commu- There are a couple other points I do nities. State. We want to make sure we are in- We see the effects in a constant level of want to make that are relevant to our volved in utilizing this resource to em- stress in our villages. Health problems, fam- consideration. That is the realization ploy our people. We had 30,000 of our ily dysfunction, alcohol abuse and other that since this is Alaska gas, not found young people, ages roughly 19 to 35, symptoms require intervention. We need on Federal land but Alaska State land, leave our State in the last 10 years be- help in assessing and addressing these im- we obviously want access to the gas for cause we are not able to offer good pay- pacts, and we look to the government for im- petrochemical and development within ing jobs in blue-collar resource devel- pact aid or some other form of assistance our own State, as opposed to the north- opment. Yet we are the State with the aimed at combating these social stresses. Discussion of a natural gas pipeline nec- ern route which would simply move the largest resource base: Oil, gas, timber, essarily exists in the larger context of North gas offshore with very little secondary the fish, the minerals. But as the Sen- Slope resource development. With that in industry opportunities for Alaska pe- ator from Oklahoma notes, in our ef- mind, I would like to reiterate our support trochemical employment, and so forth. fort to open up ANWR, we are taking for careful exploration in a small portion of Furthermore, we have been exporting on the whole public posture of Amer- the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). gas out of Kenai to Tokyo, to Tokyo ica’s environmental community. It is a This is in keeping with our belief that activ- Gas and Electric since about 1966. That different set of circumstances. ity in onshore areas of strong potential is gas has come from Cook Inlet. The re- I trust that my friend from Okla- more responsible than offshore exploration and development. Directional drilling and serves are running lower now, and we homa will get a little better under- other technical improvements make low-im- are concerned in Anchorage about only standing. pact activity on the edge of ANWR feasible. two year-round manufacturing plants This isn’t just a simple matter of a Accommodations for seasonal caribou migra- for urea and ammonia, and an LNG shorter pipeline. It is a matter of jobs tion can be achieved in ANWR as they have plant having access to gas. If it goes in Alaska, resident opportunities in been elsewhere in the region. this way, the majority population cen- Alaska because, as this route goes, the Again, I appreciate the committee’s inter- ters will not be afforded the oppor- jobs and activity are virtually all in est in the perspective of people who live on the North Slope. I hope my comments assist tunity of this gas. Canada. You have the Yukon Terri- you in your deliberations. Ours is certainly I don’t disagree with the Senator tory, Northwest Territory, Alberta, not the only perspective, but it is a view from Oklahoma. I think he knows me British Columbia, and so forth. that springs from the landscape whose future well enough to recognize, as business- I don’t dispute the reality that eco- you are considering. I honor the difficulty of men, the market dictates. But Alaska nomics dictate how things happen. But

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1583 remember one thing, and this has been ber of bills. We know that last time we ings. Can he give me the dates? Have overlooked in this debate: This gas be- talked about the energy bill. It got to we had a hearing on the two alter- longs to the State. It doesn’t belong to the floor the same way this bill got natives for pipelines for Alaska? Exxon; it doesn’t belong to BP; it here. We know that on the budget reso- Mr. REID. We had a hearing to re- doesn’t belong to Phillips. They hold lution the same thing happened, and ceive testimony on the status of pro- the leases. When this gas is developed, also on the Patients’ Bill of Rights. posals for the transportation of natural one-eighth of the gas can be taken by They got to the floor the same way. gas from Alaska to markets in the the State in kind. We should have Mr. NICKLES. Will the Senator lower 48 States, and on legislation that something to say about where our gas yield? may be required to expedite the con- goes and how it benefits our State. Mr. REID. I will in a minute. I want struction of a pipeline from Alaska, So that is the action that was taken the record to reflect the fact that after Tuesday, October 2, 2001, 10 a.m. in the House of Representatives and Senator BINGAMAN took charge of the Mr. NICKLES. I am surprised. I don’t they designated the route that would committee, a number of hearings were recall that. I don’t recall considering be most beneficial to the State of Alas- held: June 26 of last year, July 12, July the two alternatives. I asked staff did ka. That is why I have cosponsored the 13, July 17, July 19, July 24, July 25, we have a hearing and they said no. I amendment offered by the majority July 26, August 1, August 2. On August asked if there was a House hearing; leader this morning. 1 and 2, there was a markup of provi- they said no. On something this con- But I totally agree with my friend sions of this bill. troversial, I am just not so sure we did. from Oklahoma about the manner in I also say to my friend from Okla- Maybe my memory is short, but for a which the majority leader cir- homa, there have been hearings on $20 billion project, I kind of think I cumvented the committee process and, this. We have had extensive hearings would know about it. Maybe that is not as a consequence, we are here now edu- on this. the case. Maybe I am wrong, but I Mr. NICKLES. Will the Senator cating one another on the merits of doubt that hearing was set up in a way yield? this bill. that said let’s consider these two alter- Mr. REID. I will in a second. I am The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- natives. trying to lay out something on the ator from Nevada is recognized. I will do a little more homework to record, and we can elaborate on it Mr. NICKLES. Will the Senator yield find out what happened on October 2. I later. want to find out if we were in session. for 1 minute? In fact, we had just one hearing Mr. REID. Yes. This doesn’t ring a bell. where we had 15 witnesses, including Mr. NICKLES. I thank my friend and The Senator said the Republicans the Governor of Alaska, the State Sen- brought up Patients’ Bill of Rights colleague, Senator MURKOWSKI. I un- ators from Alaska. We had people from derstand his situation. We are dealing under this procedure. That is wrong. Exxon and BP. Senator MURKOWSKI with $20 billion projects, $10 billion We had a committee markup on Pa- told us how important this is to them. tients’ Bill of Rights. It was marked worth of loan guarantees, and we We have had 15 people talk about this. haven’t had nearly the number of hear- up, amended, voted on. It was tough, We had 4 different panels. difficult, and it was a very challenging ings necessary to consider proponents Senator BINGAMAN is doing some- of both sides and environmentalists. In thing, but we marked up the Patients’ thing now and is out of the Chamber Bill of Rights. We passed it in com- addition, we should have people who momentarily, but I want everybody to mittee and on the floor. are going to be granting permits, and understand that Senator BINGAMAN has The Senator mentioned a budget res- so on, to give us some input and some done an outstanding job of holding olution. That is not a law; that is a estimates on how much it will cost and hearings. My friend from Oklahoma guideline for the Congress. Maybe my what the time delays would be, and so should not in any way feel that people colleague is right. Maybe we should not on. I haven’t seen that being done. have not had knowledge of what goes have done that. But, at least in my 22 The chairman of the Energy Com- on. years in the Senate, we have never had mittee is not here, but I want to have Mr. NICKLES. I think there are fac- substantive, major, significant legisla- this hearing—and I may not get this tual inaccuracies here. tion out of the Energy Committee hearing before this bill is taken care of, Mr. REID. I will be happy to talk where we had a day or two of markup but I want to have a hearing on this be- about that in a second. and the majority leader said ‘‘no more’’ fore we get a conference report. So he H.R. 4, which they say is a great bill, and we have no more input or consider- is not here, but I will insist on it. We has the same stuff in it that we are ation of amendments. That has not are not going to have a conference re- talking about today. I don’t under- been done, I am absolutely certain, in port until we get to have some hear- stand why they are upset when we are my 22 years in the Senate. ings. I think if we get to the con- following the example that the Repub- Mr. MURKOWSKI. I wonder—— ference, I might have something to do licans used when they were in control Mr. REID. Mr. President, I had the with what is going to be in the con- of the Senate. If the Republicans are floor. ference report. To have this kind of wrong and we are wrong in doing that, Mr. MURKOWSKI. May I ask my issue and ask Senators to vote on it the bill is here and it is open for friend a question? when we haven’t properly reviewed its amendment. People can talk as much Mr. REID. In a minute. I want to ex- substance in committee, that is a real as they want. plain that we have here from the CON- procedural mistake. We need to have As I said, I will bet Oklahoma wished GRESSIONAL RECORD the fact that the more significant input from many they were in the quandary that Alaska hearing was held on the Alaska natural more experts before making these deci- is in today. Alaska has a chance of get- gas pipeline. The committee concluded sions. I think it is a mistake for us to ting the southern route pipeline that hearings to examine the status of pro- dictate which pipeline we should be would create 400,000 jobs. That is a posals for the transportation of natural building, without more information. pretty good deal for a small State like gas from Alaska to markets in the With that comment, I yield the floor Alaska, or even a big State like New lower 48 States, and on legislation that and thank my colleague from Nevada. York. It would be a great deal for Ne- may be required to expedite the con- Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, if I vada. struction of a pipeline from Alaska. may make one clarification. This is an economic development After receiving testimony from—and it The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- program for Alaska that I support. I lists well over a dozen people, includ- ator from Nevada is recognized. think it is great. But I want everybody ing the Governor of Alaska, whose tes- Mr. REID. Mr. President, before my to know that I think Senator BINGA- timony I read into the RECORD today. two dear friends leave—and perhaps MAN has done an outstanding job. I So this was shortly after September they are not leaving—I would like to think he is an exemplary chairman and 11. We all had a lot of things on our have the opportunity to clear the we should not complain about how we minds, and I know how heavily in- record on a few things. First, my friend got here; we are here. volved the Senator from Oklahoma was from Oklahoma, for whom I have the Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, the on matters that leadership was in- greatest respect, talked about a num- Senator mentioned that we had hear- volved in. Maybe he missed this, but

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1584 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 this was an extensive hearing that We went one step further than they important to people of Alaska and our took a long time. did. My friend from Oklahoma said: I country. Mr. NICKLES. I may well stand cor- have never known in 22 years they I agree with the Senator from New rected, and October 2 is pretty close to started a markup and then got the bill Mexico. If someone does not like parts September 11. Maybe I missed it. My here this way. The Republicans would of this very important amendment, guess is that hearing did not consider not allow us to even start a markup. then move to delete it. But I think we the two alternatives. It may have been We at least started one. are going to have the support of Sen- promoting one alternative. It may have Mr. President, this seems to be get- ator STEVENS and Senator MURKOWSKI been promoting the alternative that ting a little silly. We are here. It is on this, as they should support this. the Governor wanted, but other peo- Wednesday. We have to move this leg- I say to my friend from Oklahoma, I ple—I don’t know. islation. We have other things we need repeat, maybe there is blame to go I happen to think there is a lot of in- to do. We only follow the lead of the around about how legislation happens, terest in two alternatives, and I do not Republicans. If they were wrong, then but we only follow the example set by know which is right. I will readily maybe we should have followed some- my friends in the minority. However admit that I do not have the answer to body else’s lead. The fact is we are we got here, we are here now. It is leg- which is the best, which is the most ec- here; let’s do the best we can on this islation that is important for this onomical, which is feasible. My col- legislation. If there is something peo- country, and I acknowledge changes league from Alaska was saying we may ple do not understand—and I am sure probably should be made. It is imper- have to go offshore and build that pipe- my friend from Oklahoma, who is an fect, but I think it is really a strong line; it is a challenge. I do not know astute legislator, and he does read leg- step forward. that we have to go offshore. These are islation and understands it—that he I look forward to working with my things that need to be discussed and may not have had the time. He has one friend from Oklahoma in any way he need to be explored. We did not do that. of the best staffs in the Senate. I am thinks is appropriate to improve this legislation. My point is, though, we began mark- sure very quickly they can bring him up on this bill and that markup was The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- up to snuff. ator from Oklahoma. stopped. Again, I will go back to my Mr. NICKLES. Will the Senator yield little 22 years; I cannot remember a Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, before for a question? Since there was a hear- my friend from Nevada leaves, let me substantive legislative item, certainly ing and my able staff pointed out that, in the Energy Committee, where we clarify a couple things. One, he referred yes, there was a hearing, it happened started a markup and then were once or twice to the Patients’ Bill of to be on October 2, did that hearing in- stopped and were told: No more com- Rights. We had a markup on the Pa- volve the necessity of loan guarantees? mittee markup; i.e., we do not want tients’ Bill of Rights. I am absolutely Where did the $10 billion loan guar- input from other people; we are just positive of that. No matter how poor antee come from? This is a surprise going to come up with a bill on the my memory is, I know there was a and, to my knowledge, was not consid- floor. markup on it. That has not been done, and the proc- ered. Mr. REID. Not this one. ess is terrible. I am going to maintain The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. NICKLES. I do not care how my criticism of it. I look at the 590 ator from New Mexico. many times the Senator from Nevada Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, I do pages, and it has grown 100 pages—ac- waves that bill around, I remember tually it has grown 154 pages in the last not believe there was substantial testi- there was a markup. I remember put- 3 weeks—and I do not know what is in mony on the issue of loan guarantees. ting several people in our committee it because we did not have it in com- Frankly, this is a proposal we included through a very difficult markup to pass mittee. There is no committee report. I to make the point to the Senate that legislation, which they did. am fumbling around here. I do not see some type of risk sharing might well be My colleague says, if you do not like a committee report. There is no minor- possible if this project was going to be the loan guarantees, strike it. The ity report. viable, if the construction of a pipeline point is, we did not have a committee That is very unusual for something was going to be viable. markup. If we had had a committee that is going to increase people’s bills, As I understand it, the ranking mem- markup, I would have had an oppor- that is going to increase the cost of ber of the committee is in favor of pur- tunity to strike it in committee. We electricity. We ought to know some- suing a different course. I am certainly would have had 20 people around the thing about it. It is not out there. working with him jointly to see if committee who would have maybe par- I stand corrected. I always want to be there is any other way to reduce the ticipated in this hearing and maybe factual. I may have strong passions, risk involved to the companies, if they had some impact, but we did not have but I want to be factual. If we had the decided to go ahead with a pipeline. that chance. I pointed out the $10 bil- hearing and I said we did not, I stand I can understand there are different lion loan guarantee because I do not corrected, and I thank my colleague. points of view about whether or not know where it came from. Mr. REID. Mr. President, also, there that would be an appropriate thing to The point is, it would have been nice were witnesses talking about the do. We will have an opportunity for a to have a markup so we could have dis- northern route at the hearing. Among debate on that, I am sure, if the bill fi- cussed it. Maybe I would support it. I those testifying was Forrest Hoglund, nally does contain some kind of finan- do not doubt it is a real national en- chairman and CEO of Arctic Resources cial incentive or support provision like ergy plus if we can get all the gas re- Company in Houston, TX. that. serves that are just being pumped into Maybe the Senator is upset about the If the Senator from Oklahoma is op- the ground to the lower 48. That would procedure, but he should back off a lit- posed to that loan guarantee, he ought give us some energy security. That is tle bit because he has clearly been to propose to delete it. That is cer- positive. I would like to see that hap- wrong in the statement about not hav- tainly an option. pen. But I know one thing: I did not ing a hearing. It was a long hearing; it Mr. NICKLES. Will the Senator have any chance in committee to de- took a long time. yield? bate should we have a loan guarantee? I state again we are in the Senate Mr. REID. Mr. President, I think I Should we have cost shares? what kind working on this most important legis- still have the floor. of protection do we have for the Gov- lation. I have in my hand S. 1344, which The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ernment? Is that the best way to go? I is the Patients’ Bill of Rights. This ator from Nevada has the floor. am interested in these things. Is this came to the Senate without a single Mr. REID. Mr. President, while the the correct alternative? hearing. There were hearings on the Senator from New Mexico is here, I say I do not believe the hearing was to Patients’ Bill of Rights but not this to him that I very much enjoyed tell- consider which alternative is the best. bill. It was the same with the energy ing everyone what a great chairman he Maybe it was, and maybe it was just bill we had on the floor when the Re- is in his absence. I think he has done a too close to September 11 and there publicans were in control of the Sen- tremendous job getting the bill to this were other things going on. I am not ate. point. This bill and this provision is so sure.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1585 We did not have a markup, and I banks borough, the Valdez borough, to ANWR provision, and I think obviously know if we had a markup and some- come together. There were about half a the majority leader did not want that body offered amendments which said dozen proposals. It is fair to say, and I to happen. So he basically told the we are going to dictate which route we want the RECORD to note, that I was committee not to mark up the bill. go, I think I would say why not let the not aware, nor did I request, the $10 I ask for the yeas and nays on com- marketplace decide which route to go. billion guarantee that is in the under- mittee amendment No. 2917. My colleague from Alaska may be ex- lying bill. This was put in, I think, as The PRESIDING OFFICER. It takes actly right, maybe the southern route an explanation offered by my good unanimous consent to ask for the yeas is the way to go, but I am saying let’s friend from New Mexico, to try and ad- and nays. let the marketplace decide. dress some kind of a safety net that Mr. NICKLES. I ask unanimous con- We have pipelines running all over was expressed primarily by one pro- sent that the yeas and nays be ordered my State, and I have never voted once ducer from the State of Oklahoma. on amendment No. 2917. on where they should go. We have sort That being what it is, I was of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without of let the marketplace work. Alaska is opinion, after talking to the pro- objection, it is so ordered. a little unique, but should we not find ducers—Exxon, BP, and Phillips—that Is there a sufficient second? out how much these two routes cost? this $10 billion loan guarantee that was There appears to be a sufficient sec- My colleague says if I do not like the put in—and I assume it was put in ond. $10 billion, strike it. Part of our prob- probably by staff in their willingness The yeas and nays were ordered. lem right now is we are taking this to try to come up with something that Mr. BINGAMAN. I suggest the ab- whole bill up on the floor and now we would provide a safety net—would not sence of a quorum. have to try and fix it. It would have provide the assurance they need rel- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The been nice to have had a markup where ative to the magnitude of this project. clerk will call the roll. we could have debated this in com- This is a $20 billion project. So I think The assistant legislative clerk pro- mittee instead of, oh, I am reading the record should note we are going to ceeded to call the roll. through the bill and, oh, there is a $10 have to address the necessity of this, Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I billion loan guarantee. That is inter- and the Senator from Oklahoma has al- ask unanimous consent that the order esting. I wonder where that came from? ready indicated he questions it. for the quorum call be rescinded. It is very interesting some of the There has not been a hearing held on The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without things one will find in this bill. I am it. I hope before this debate is over, we objection, it is so ordered. going to be reading more of the bill, could get a position from the pro- Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I much to the chagrin of the manager of ducers, namely the companies that ask unanimous consent to speak on the this bill. I hope we do not pass a bad hold these gas leases, on whether they bill for up to 10 minutes. bill. I question the wisdom of a $10 bil- think it is necessary and whether it The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without lion loan guarantee, but my point is we would be beneficial. That is pretty im- objection, it is so ordered. should have had a markup on it so portant relative to a determination of Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I these issues would have been resolved. this nature. want to make a few comments on the If in the committee markup a loan I intended to ask, and I will for the energy policy in the form of an opening guarantee was supported, I might have record, my good friend from Nevada, statement. It is something which been convinced in the process it was who indicated we kind of had a should take a couple of weeks for us to the right thing to do so we would have choice—we had a curtain that we could decide given the bill was not taken bipartisan support for it, and maybe we have an ANWR, we could have a gas through committee. We need to do a do. line, and that sounds very encouraging. lot of work, and I hope we can have a The problem is no one knows. I asked I ask if he would give us an up-or-down very open amendment process so we my caucus: How many of you know vote on either one, a 50/50 vote. I will can work through the issues and at the there is a loan guarantee? Nobody, ex- have an opportunity to pose that to end of the day arrive at a bill we are all cept for Senator MURKOWSKI. The point him later, or maybe Senator DASCHLE satisfied with, one that we can be is, we should have had a markup so we can provide that. proud of for an energy policy because I would not have to go through an edu- I also ask him, since he was so ac- think an energy policy has been ne- cational process on the floor and go commodating, to provide me with an glected for too long. It is too impor- through a lot of this. Again, clearly the answer of what the position of the com- tant, and it is something we need to Senator from Alaska knows what he is mittee was on ANWR. What was the po- act upon. talking about but I would imagine sition of the Energy and Natural Re- We are driving a lot of foreign policy about 90-some percent of the rest of the sources Committee on ANWR? I think based on our lack of an energy policy, Senate does not, and that is kind of un- the RECORD should reflect it. I do not and we are having to do some things in fortunate. think we are going to get an answer, regions of the world we probably I wish we would have had a markup and I think the Senator from Okla- should not do because we lack that en- on the entire bill. It would have elimi- homa would agree with me that we are ergy policy, because we are so depend- nated a lot of the process and a lot of not going to get a committee position ent upon the foreign sources. the mess that we are in trying to pass on ANWR, which is as a consequence of I particularly point out that the an energy package that is 590 pages the manner in which the whole bill was areas upon which we are so dependent and, in my opinion, still needs a lot of constructed, eliminating the com- for oil are so volatile, we could almost improvement before we are finished. mittee process and eliminating the op- count on the fact that at some time I yield the floor. portunity to have a debate and voting within the next couple of years we are The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- on it one way or another out of com- going to see energy disruptions from ator from Alaska. mittee. It was designed to circumvent the Middle East. Mr. MURKOWSKI. Maybe I can en- the committee process. We are having some difficulties with lighten my two colleagues. I see the I ask the majority whip if he could Saudi Arabia now, a key place of en- majority whip has left our midst. He provide us, in his opinion, what the ergy supplies. If we do not act to diver- told me he is going to talk to a Repub- committee position was on ANWR. I sify and get more domestic sources of lican Governor. That may help his think that may enlighten some of my oil and energy, we are setting ourselves frame of mind, but maybe not. colleagues. up for a problem that we know is com- In any event, in reviewing what took The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ing, so we need to get a bill through. place in October, it was not addressing ator from Oklahoma is recognized. We need to get a bill through this Con- the issue specifically of routing. It was Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, to an- gress. to consider how to market Alaska’s swer the question, I think it was obvi- Our energy policy has been neglected natural gas, and there were proposals ous the reason why we did not com- for far too long. We see the effects of for LNG, there were proposals for the plete markup on the bill is because the this neglect in the sporadic high gas boroughs of the North Slope, the Fair- votes were in the committee to have an prices at the pump during the summer,

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1586 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 in the fact that we import 57 percent of what looks to be a very positive energy acid rain. We need to do this with car- the petroleum we use, and in the com- tax package. The tax component is a bon dioxide so we can reduce the CO2 plexities we must endure in our foreign critical part of making this work. My level at the least cost base as others policy because of that energy depend- friend, Senator GRASSLEY, has worked trading for those carbon credits. ency. To alleviate these problems, the hard to ensure a positive approach to There have been innovative programs U.S. must produce more domestic oil achieving the goals I have described, put in place. I traveled to Brazil to and natural gas while diversifying our particularly in support of renewable look at one program the Nature Con- energy sources with renewable energy fuels such as ethanol. Specifically, I servancy is implementing there. It is sources, as well. Accomplishing this am pleased to see the inclusion of tax innovative, helping the environment by goal means we engage in a thorough credits for marginal oil and gas produc- reducing carbon dioxide. We should in- debate on the matter. tion as part of our important need to corporate it as part of our energy I am pleased the Senate is finally ad- increase domestic production. We have strategy. I look forward to this proc- dressing such an important issue. I many of the marginal oil and gas wells ess. I think it is important. urge my colleagues to resolve our dif- in my State, and this will help bring As I noted, this is one of the most ferences so we can get a bill passed. those online or, in some cases, keep important bills we can consider this The Democratic bill before the Sen- them in production. year. ate has some noble goals, particularly We must encourage an infrastructure I yield the floor and suggest the ab- with regard to increasing renewable en- to serve as a barrier against high prices sence of a quorum. ergy, encouraging conservation, fuel OPEC may inflict. Independent oil and The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. MIL- efficiency, and addressing global cli- gas producers are this country’s safety LER). The clerk will call the roll. mate change. net for energy security, and it is in our The assistant legislative clerk pro- However, I am concerned that the national interest to preserve and en- ceeded to call the roll. specifics in this bill will not get the hance that infrastructure. Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I United States to the shared goal we all Further, the bill provides tax incen- ask unanimous consent the order for have: greater energy independence and tives to consumers to buy hybrid vehi- the quorum call be dispensed with. improving our energy infrastructure. cles which pollute less and consume The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without At issue is a real philosophical dif- less energy. These are positive meas- objection, it is so ordered. ference between the two parties as to ures. I am hopeful we can push them AMENDMENT NO. 2982 TO AMENDMENT NO. 2980 how we should meet these goals. As I through this body, along with some Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, on look at the bill before me, I am con- support for other alternative methods behalf of Senator STEVENS and myself, cerned the main objectives are accom- of energy production. I send a second-degree amendment to plished through mandates that may As I mentioned, regarding biomass, the desk and ask for its immediate con- not be achievable by the industry we we can have coal-fired plants that can sideration. are trying to grow. Whether it is the burn a portion of biomass in their en- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The CAFE issue or climate change, we need ergy production. That can help with clerk will report the amendment. to focus more on incentives, market- our carbon dioxide emission problems The assistant legislative clerk read based mechanisms, to meet our shared as follows: goals. but also help having localized sources for energy. The Senator from Alaska [Mr. MUR- There are some basic tenets that our KOWSKI], for himself and Mr. STEVENS, pro- conservation energy policy should ad- Securing comprehensive energy poli- cies is one of the most important ef- poses an amendment numbered 2982 to dress that are not included in this bill. amendment No. 2980. The prime issue is our domestic oil and forts this Congress should undertake this year. We should take the time, we Mr. MURKOWSKI. I ask unanimous gas production. The bill has some posi- consent the reading of the amendment tive measures encouraging renewable should take the effort, and we should not just vote along partisan lines but be dispensed with. energy, particularly ethanol, biomass, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and biodiesel, of which I am very sup- work back and forth in the amendment process to come up with a good bill at objection, it is so ordered. portive. It neglects to address that we The amendment is as follows: the end of the day. Let the body work need to expand oil and gas in this coun- (Purpose: To protect the jurisdiction of the try. As a result of not having that base its will. Regarding how this bill got to the State of Alaska and provide for workforce in this country, we are forced for reli- training) floor, we need to have the body itself ance on foreign energy. That has nu- At the end of the amendment insert the merously dangerous consequences. In- work its will and not get tied down on following: creasing our domestic production of oil partisan lines. Then at the end of the On page 142 after line 20 insert a new sec- and gas cannot be left out of the en- day we can come up with a national en- tion as follows and renumber all following ergy security equation. Conservation is ergy strategy that is as broad based as sections accordingly: important, but it will not solve the this Nation and the desires here—al- ‘‘SEC. 708. STATE JURISDICTION OVER IN-STATE though our end objective for all of us, DELIVERY OF NATURAL GAS. problem alone. ‘‘(a) Any facility receiving natural gas The problem is larger than just our energy security, is shared by every Member of this body. from the Alaska natural gas transportation domestic situation. It greatly affects project for delivery to consumers within the our foreign policy, as I noted at the Energy is a key engine that drives State of Alaska shall be deemed to be a local outset. If we were freed from our Mid- our economy. Neglecting it forces us distribution facility within the meaning of dle East dependency on oil, there would into international dilemmas that can section 1(b) of the Natural Gas Act, and be important security benefits for our conflict with our security and counter- therefore not subject to the jurisdiction of Nation. Regrettably, at this point, re- terrorism agenda. I urge my colleagues the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. newables alone cannot accomplish this to work out our differences and pass ‘‘(b) Nothing in this Subtitle, except as provided in subsection 704(e), shall preclude task, but a combination of increased legislation on this vital topic. I am hopeful in one other area that I or affect any future gas pipeline that may be focus on renewable energy, along with constructed to deliver natural gas to Fair- increased domestic production and in- would like to discuss, the area of car- banks, Anchorage, Matanuska-Susitna Val- creased imports from new energy ex- bon dioxide emissions. There are im- ley, or the Kenas peninsula or Valdez or any porters such as the central Asian coun- portant parts of the bill, and I will sub- other site in the State of Alaska for con- tries—and I hope we will be working mit amendments with other Senators, sumption within or distribution outside the with other nations, too—can yield a to reduce carbon dioxide loading into State of Alaska.’’. formula for accomplishing our mutual the atmosphere. I strongly believe we On page 148 after line 2 insert: energy security and independence should go forward with a policy of a ‘‘SEC. 714. ALASKAN PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION trading system, where we go to least TRAINING PROGRAM. goals. It is not a simple equation, but ‘‘(a) Within six months after enactment of I do think we can see through to a so- cost methods and we put in place a this Act the Secretary of Labor (hereinafter lution. marketplace to reduce carbon dioxide referred to as the ‘Secretary’) shall submit a I commend the work done by the Fi- emissions in this country. We have report to the Committee on Energy and Nat- nance Committee in putting together done it previously on issues such as ural Resources of the United States Senate

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1587 and the Committee on Resources of the Valdez and Point Mackenzie in Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, let United States House of Representatives set- Manuska Valley, with the opportunity me speak in favor of the amendment ting forth a program to train Alaska resi- to pursue gas based opportunities Senator MURKOWSKI is offering. I think dents in the skills and crafts required in the when, and if, they work out the eco- it does improve the underlying Daschle design, construction, and operation of an Alaska gas pipeline system that will enhance nomics. amendment. I strongly support it. employment and contracting opportunities Like the remaining states of the I note one thing with regard to the for Alaskan residents. The report shall also union, Alaska needs access to a reliable job training aspect. There is a Federal describe any laws, rules, regulations and and economic source of clean burning job training program that is set up policies which act as a deterrent to hiring energy. North Slope gas answers this under the Workforce Investment Act Alaskan residents or contracting with Alas- need for the Nation and my State. that makes funds available to each kan residents to perform work on Alaska gas The second part of my amendment State for job training. I think we are in pipelines, together with any recommenda- directs the Secretary of Labor to de- agreement that is a very important ac- tions for changes. For purposes of this sec- sign and establish a program in the tivity. We need to be aware of that as tion Alaskan residents shall be defined as State of Alaska to train Alaska resi- we put the budget together this year those individuals eligible to vote within the dents in the skills and crafts necessary State of Alaska on the date of enactment of and as we do the appropriations bills this Act. to enhance their ability to compete for because those job training programs ‘‘(b) Within 1 year of the date the report is jobs and contracts associated with gas are being threatened with major budg- transmitted to Congress, the Secretary shall, pipeline construction. etary cuts under the administration’s directly or through grants or cooperative Because the impact of this project proposed budget. I hope the program agreements, establish within the State of will fall upon Alaskans in a dispropor- authorized in this amendment that Alaska, at such locations as the Secretary tionate manner, it is only fair that Senator MURKOWSKI and Senator STE- deems appropriate, training center(s) for the they be provided with the training nec- VENS have offered will be consistent to express purpose of training Alaskan resi- essary to compete for pipeline jobs in dents in the skills and crafts necessary in the maximum extent possible with the the State. existing workforce training programs the design, construction and operation of gas These training opportunities will be pipelines in Alaska. The training center in the State of Alaska. shall also train Alaskan residents in the available to all Alaskans regardless of I was requested to ask unanimous where they live in the state. skills required to write, offer, and monitor consent that Senator STEVENS be added I point out to my colleagues that contracts in support of the design, construc- as a cosponsor of the underlying there is nothing in this amendment tion, and operation of Alaska gas pipelines. Daschle amendment. I do not believe ‘‘(c) In implementing the report and pro- that gives Alaskans a priority selec- he has been so listed as yet. gram described in this section, the Secretary tion right for pipeline related jobs. shall consult with the Alaskan Governor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Rather, it gives them the training objection, it is so ordered. ‘‘(d) There are authorized to be appro- which will allow them to ‘‘compete’’ priated to the Secretary such sums as may Mr. BINGAMAN. As far as I know, for those jobs. there is strong support for the amend- be necessary, but not to exceed $20,000,000 for My amendment calls on the Sec- the purposes of this section.’’. ment on our side and we could proceed retary of Labor to come up with a plan Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, if I to a vote. on how to best accomplish the goal of Mr. MURKOWSKI. I thank the com- may just give a brief explanation. enhanced employment opportunities This amendment makes it explicitly mittee chairman. for Alaska residents. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- clear that the State of Alaska has com- This plan will be transmitted to the plete authority when it comes to regu- ator from Alaska. Congress for our review. This will en- Mr. MURKOWSKI. I do not think I lating in-state distribution of natural sure that this investment will produce gas coming off the Alaska Gas Trans- overlooked adding Senator Stevens on the desired results. this morning. So he is on both the sec- portation System. The greatest investment we can ond-degree and the Daschle amend- It also directs the Secretary of Labor make in any project is investment we ment. to design and establish a program in make in the people who will design, the State of Alaska to train Alaska I urge adoption of the amendment. build, and operate the system. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The residents in the skills and crafts nec- Senator REID said this morning that question is on agreeing to the amend- essary to enhance their ability to com- Alaskans should be grateful that they ment. pete for jobs and contracts associated are likely to end up with at least the The amendment (No. 2892) was agreed with gas pipeline construction. gasline. That comment demonstrates a to. These amendments are needed be- fundamental lack of understanding of Mr. REID. Mr. President, I move to cause the first degree amendment of- the economy of Alaska. Our economy reconsider the vote. fered this morning by the majority does not rely on one resource any more Mr. MURKOWSKI. I move to lay that leader falls short of protecting Alas- than this Nation can rely on a single motion on the table. kan’s prerogative to regulate in-State energy source. The gas pipeline, if con- The motion to lay on the table was distribution of gas coming off the Alas- structed, will provide the foundation agreed to. ka Natural Gas Transportation Sys- for the potential development of a pe- Mr. REID. Mr. President, if I could tem. I want to highlight in-State dis- trochemical industry in my State. address my friend from Alaska and the tribution. ANWR, on the other hand, is a resource manager of the bill, Senator BINGAMAN, This ability to control their own des- destined for consumption in the lower we now have the Daschle amendment tiny is critical to the long-term cre- 48. In addition, ANWR is critical to the pending. We have been talking about it ation of jobs and the establishment of economic, health, and education future most all the day. I am wondering if we a gas based industry in my State. for the peoples of northern Alaska, es- can agree on some time to vote on it. The economic future of Alaska rests pecially the Inupiat who live on the We have a number of people wishing to with the development of its natural re- Coastal Plain. These are entirely sepa- speak, but we cannot do that until we sources—key to the utilization of these rate issues and both offer considerable have this amendment disposed of, or at resources is the ability of the State to benefits to the State and to this Nation least a time set for the vote. The Sen- manage their in-State use. if we simply have the understanding ator from Georgia wishes to speak. The My amendment accomplishes this and courage to do what is right. Senator from South Carolina has an with respect to North Slope natural While this amendment will rectify extremely important piece of legisla- gas—it puts Alaskans in a position to some of the shortages in the original tion he wants to introduce and speak guide their own future. proposal put forward by the majority about that for awhile. Until we have a They will decide how and under what leader, it will be necessary to offer sev- time to vote, I don’t think we can conditions gas will be distributed with- eral additional amendments that we move off this legislation. in the State of Alaska. are still trying to work out. Mr. MURKOWSKI. I have no objec- It will provide locations across Alas- For the moment, however, I urge my tion to trying to set a time. ka like Anchorage, Fairbanks, the colleagues to join with me in support Mr. President, we understand there is Kenai Peninsula, Delta Junction, and of this second-degree amendment. another Member coming over who may

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1588 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 offer a second-degree. I guess we will Mr. REID. Madam President, the on the tailgates of pickup trucks after have to wait. Senator from Georgia, Mr. MILLER, a long day’s work than have been Mr. REID. Mr. President, I suggest wishes to make a statement now in re- solved anywhere. the absence of a quorum. gard to this bill, and he has an amend- I do not rise to speak often in this The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ment which he is not going to offer but hallowed Chamber. I am still learning clerk will call the roll. wishes to talk about. I ask unanimous the complexities of being a Senator. I The assistant legislative clerk pro- consent that he be allowed to speak— envy my learned colleagues who can ceeded to call the roll. we have received permission from the speak with such great assurance on so Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- Senator from Alaska, even though we many subjects. But, Madam President, imous consent the order for the probably do not need it other than to on this one you can trust this man quorum call be rescinded. call off the quorum; we appreciate his from the mountains of North Georgia. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without courtesy—for up to 15 minutes. If this amendment fails, the tailgates objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without of rural America are going to drop, and Mr. REID. Mr. President, I have objection, it is so ordered. The Senator it will be a clank that will reverberate checked with my counterpart, Senator from Georgia. from now through November because NICKLES, and the two managers of the Mr. MILLER. Madam President, I then the conversation at the end of the bill, and they are in agreement that rise today in defense of that great day on the back of a pickup as the Sun the Senator from Nevada, Mr. ENSIGN, American workhorse: The pickup goes down will not be about the farm can speak as in morning business for a truck. I am proud to sponsor, along or the family or the State or the Na- period up to 6 minutes. with my friend, Senator GRAMM of tion; the subject will be how to get rid The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Texas, an amendment that would ex- of us in the next election. objection, it is so ordered. empt all pickup trucks from the higher Every election year we talk a lot (The remarks of Mr. ENSIGN and Mr. CAFE standards that have been pro- about all those soccer moms out there REID are printed in today’s RECORD posed. and how they vote in such high per- under ‘‘Morning Business.’’) This is a very simple and short centages. Well, there is another group Mr. REID. Mr. President, I suggest amendment. Pickups are now required out there that votes in a very high per- the absence of a quorum. to meet a standard of 20.7 miles per centage. They are the pickup pops. In The PRESIDING OFFICER. The gallon, and our amendment would sim- fact, I would bet pickup pops go to the clerk will call the roll. ply freeze pickups at that standard. All polls in higher percentages than any The assistant legislative clerk pro- pickups would be exempt from any other Democratic group out there, and ceeded to call the roll. higher mileage standard proposed in Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- they also have long memories. this legislation. If these higher CAFE standards are imous consent that the order for the Some have said we should only ex- applied to pickups, they will be made quorum call be rescinded. empt the very largest pickups from the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without unaffordable for many, and unsafe for higher standards. That would only objection, it is so ordered. all, and that will hurt those pickup Mr. REID. Mr. President, I have spo- cover a small percentage of the pickups pops. It will hurt the working man. It ken to the Republican manager of the that are on the road, and I do not think will hurt rural America. bill and my friend the Senator from that is good enough. Our amendment We are big on acronyms in Congress, Oklahoma. They have graciously con- says all pickups will be exempt from and quite frankly they can be a little sented to allow the chairman of the the higher CAFE standards. deceiving and confusing. I cannot even We absolutely should not impose Commerce Committee to speak for up keep up with all of them. When we talk these higher mileage standards on our to 15 minutes as in morning business about CAFE and CAFE standards, most pickups. We absolutely should not im- relative to introduction of a bill. folks think we are talking about res- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without pose the undue safety risk and extra taurants. objection, it is so ordered. The Senator cost of these CAFE standards on our People in rural America also under- from South Carolina. farmers, our rural families, and our stand what an acronym is, and I think Mr. HOLLINGS. Mr. President, I small businesses that rely so heavily on this issue they would say that thank the most distinguished assistant on the pickup. ‘‘pickup,’’ P-I-C-K-U-P, is an acronym majority leader. We have had a lot of conversation for ‘‘People in Congress Keep Us Per- about the state of the economy these (The remarks of Mr. HOLLINGS per- plexed.’’ Let us not keep them per- taining to the introduction of S. 1991 days, and we hang on every word of plexed anymore. Alan Greenspan, Robert Rubin, and the One of the first things I noticed when are located in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Statements on Introduced Bills and like, about the recession and when we I came to Washington, DC is that you Joint Resolutions.’’) are coming out of it. I knew a fellow hardly ever see a pickup. They are Mr. HOLLINGS. Mr. President, I back in Georgia. He did not have a scarce in Washington, DC, but they are thank Senator REID, Senator BINGA- Ph.D. in economics; he would have not scarce outside the beltway, out MAN, and Senator MURKOWSKI for their thought Ph.D. stood for ‘‘post hole dig- there in middle America. courtesy. I yield the floor. ger.’’ But he was one of the wisest men I want to show this chart. In 1999, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- I ever knew. He told me years ago that pickup trucks accounted for almost 18 ator from New Mexico. if you really want to know when times percent of all registered vehicles in Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, I ask are bad, take notice of the number of this country. In 29 States, these red unanimous consent that the previously people having to sell their pickups. and blue States—that is more than half agreed to amendment No. 2982 be in Look at the ads in the paper and the of our States, of course—pickups order. ‘‘for sale’’ signs in the yards. The more amounted to as much as 20 to 37 per- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without you see, the worse it is because pickups cent of all the registered vehicles. In objection, it is so ordered. are the very symbol of the working the year 2000, drivers in this country Mr. BINGAMAN. I suggest the ab- man. As the pickup goes, so does the bought 3.18 million pickup trucks. That sence of a quorum. working man and the very heart of this makes pickups the third most popular The PRESIDING OFFICER. The country. choice of vehicle for American drivers. clerk will call the roll. Madam President, a pickup truck has So pickups may not be prevalent in The assistant legislative clerk pro- two ends to it: A working end and a Washington, DC, but pickups are pop- ceeded to call the roll. thinking end. Of course, the working ular across the rest of America. When Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask end is the engine in the front. I would all this talk about CAFE started last unanimous consent that the order for like to tell you about the thinking end year, I got worried Washington was the quorum call be rescinded. in the back. going to stick it to the pickup owners The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. STA- I submit that the back of a pickup is of this Nation, so I tried to write a BENOW). Without objection, it is so or- the think tank of rural America. I sus- song about it. I am no ORRIN HATCH, dered. pect more problems have been solved but I tried to write a song about it with

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1589 my good friend, Jack Clement, in Nash- underlying Daschle-Murkowski amend- Mr. NICKLES. Madam President, I ville. It is called the ‘‘Talking Pickup ment. We hope that will be accom- suggest the absence of a quorum. Truck Blues.’’ I will spare everyone the plished soon. We are waiting to hear The PRESIDING OFFICER. The agony of my singing, but I want to from one person whether or not we can clerk will call the roll. share one verse. It goes something like proceed with that vote. Members The legislative clerk proceeded to this: should be alerted we are going to see if call the roll. Sure, an SUV is classy travel, but it ain’t we can have a vote this evening. Mr. NICKLES. Madam President, I much good for hauling gravel, or hay seed or I suggest the absence of a quorum. ask unanimous consent the order for bovine feces. So please do not make my pick- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the quorum call be rescinded. up truck an endangered species. clerk will call the roll. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Now, I will be the first to admit that The legislative clerk proceeded to objection, it is so ordered. song has not climbed to the top of the call the roll. Mr. NICKLES. Madam President, for charts, but here is the point we are Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask the information of our colleagues, we are going to be voting momentarily. I making: Do not mess with the working unanimous consent the order for the appreciate the cooperation of my machine of the American road. Do not quorum call be rescinded. friend from New Mexico for postponing mess with pickups. Farmers depend on The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. the vote for just a moment. them. Families in rural America de- I urge my colleagues to vote against Mr. REID. Madam President, I would pend on them. Small businesses across the Daschle amendment, which was like to express my appreciation to ev- this country depend on them, small also modified by my friend and col- businesses such as construction compa- eryone for their cooperation at this league, Senator MURKOWSKI, because it point in this debate. There has been nies and home builders. mandates that we pick the southern some very good debate. It has been One of the greatest economic engines route for a major gas pipeline to go heartfelt on both sides. But I think we we have in this country is the housing through Alaska. That may be the best are moving forward with this legisla- industry. You can go to any construc- route. There are other possibilities, tion. tion site across America and see at other alternatives. least a half dozen pickups. Plumbers As Senator MURKOWSKI said earlier There is a northern route. It is sev- drive them. Electricians drive them. today, this is only preliminary. We eral hundred miles shorter. It may be Painters drive them. Carpenters drive have many difficult issues on this bill more economical. Most of the northern them. Raise the cost of a pickup truck that are going to come forward in the route goes through the Mackenzie and more than just pickup owners will next few days. So we have to recognize River Delta which is on a pretty flat be harmed; entire industries will be we may have some late nights. We may plain and would not require going hurt—the housing industry and others have to work long and hard on this leg- through 900 miles of mountains. that rely heavily on pickups. islation. I do not know which one we should Folks buy pickups not because they I ask unanimous consent the time choose. I do not think that Congress are affordable and they are safe. They until 5:50 today be divided equally and should choose it. I do not think we buy them because they get the job controlled for debate with respect to should mandate it without more sig- done, whatever that job may be, wheth- the Daschle amendment No. 2980, as nificant oversight and discussion. er it is pulling a trailer full of cattle or modified and amended, and at 5:50 p.m. I would like to hear the experts. I hauling lumber to a construction site today the Senate vote on the amend- would like to hear the environmental- or driving on gravel and dirt roads in ment, with no further second-degree ists. I would like to have some input rural America. There are times when amendments in order thereto. from a lot of people. And I would like only a pickup will do. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there to have an idea how much the alter- So I urge my colleagues, who rep- objection? natives would cost. resent the millions of pickup owners Without objection, it is so ordered. I have heard that the pipeline route across this country, when this amend- Who yields time? that Senator DASCHLE is trying to ment comes up at a later date to vote Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask mandate, the southern route—going for this amendment. We must exempt unanimous consent the unanimous con- through Alaska, and then going the American workers, the pickup sent agreement I just propounded be through Canada—would cost about $20 truck, from these higher CAFE stand- amended to begin the vote at 5:45 p.m. billion. I do not know. I do know that ards. today. in the underlying bill there is a $10 bil- Like the last verse in my song goes: The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without lion loan guarantee. We have never had So help us, Lord, and let there be a little objection, it is so ordered. a hearing on the loan guarantee. We wisdom in D.C. Mr. REID. I suggest the absence of a have never had a hearing on how this is The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- quorum. going to be financed, whether it needs ator from New Mexico. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The governmental assistance or not. Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, I clerk will call the roll. I think it is wrong for us to dictate ask unanimous consent that I be per- The legislative clerk proceeded to we go this particular way and other op- mitted to speak for 3 minutes as in call the roll. tions cannot be considered. I would morning business. Mr. BINGAMAN. Madam President, I like to think we believe in the free The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ask unanimous consent the order for market system enough to where we objection, it is so ordered. the quorum call be rescinded. would let the marketplace decide what (The remarks of Mr. DOMENICI are The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without is the best route, what is the most eco- printed in today’s RECORD under objection, it is so ordered. nomical route, what is the route that ‘‘Morning Business.’’) AMENDMENT NO. 2980, AS MODIFIED will do the least environmental dam- Mr. BINGAMAN. I suggest the ab- Mr. BINGAMAN. Madam President, age. Instead, we have people coming up sence of a quorum. what is the regular order? and saying: Oh, wait a minute, I have The PRESIDING OFFICER. The The PRESIDING OFFICER. The talked to a couple politicians. We are clerk will call the roll. question is on agreeing to amendment going to mandate the southern route The legislative clerk proceeded to No. 2980, as modified and amended. with very little discussion or debate. call the roll. Mr. BINGAMAN. Madam President, I Let’s let the marketplace decide. Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask ask for the yeas and nays on that Let’s get some input from a lot of peo- unanimous consent the order for the amendment. ple. I do not think we are doing that in quorum call be rescinded. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a this case. I do not think this is a good The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without sufficient second? way to legislate. objection, it is so ordered. There appears to be a sufficient sec- I do not think we know how much it Mr. REID. Madam President, we are ond. will cost. I do not think we have an in the process of getting agreement for The clerk will call the roll. idea of the environmental impact. In- a vote in the next few minutes on the The legislative clerk called the roll. stead, we are just going to have a 2-

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1590 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 hour debate on the floor, and then we say we should enjoy a portion of this Mr. MURKOWSKI. Madam President, are going to say: Let’s go make a deci- resource that comes from under our I thank my colleagues, Senator BINGA- sion on a $20 billion pipeline. own State lands and to utilize it in a MAN and Senator REID, the majority Do we need a loan guarantee? Do we way that will mean a future job base leader, and others for their cooperation need Federal assistance? Do we need to and future low energy costs for the one in seeing that the basic Daschle have Federal financing for this project? area of our country that pays the high- amendment, which was laid down, and I think we are moving pretty quickly est energy costs, and that is the area the second degree, which was accepted, here. I would hope we would be silent that this pipeline will come through clearly make this project much more and assume we could go through the and down to the border of Canada. feasible because it gives Alaskans the regulatory process. That is the only route that is going option on the southern route that sug- We have built hundreds of miles of to be built. I hate to tell my friend gests we will benefit the State in many pipeline through my State, and we this. I told the industry that that line ways, not only for Fairbanks but for have never had Federal legislation des- would go east over my dead body. I am all utilization of gas within the State, ignating what you have to do, nor have not about ready to leave this world. for Point Mackenzie, for the Kenai we had State legislation designating The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- area, for Valdez, and for the Mata- what you have to do. ator from Nevada. nuska Valley. I question the wisdom of us man- Mr. REID. Madam President, it is my As Senator STEVENS indicated quite dating one particular route at this par- understanding there has been a vote or- strongly in his opinion on the necessity ticular time. So I urge my colleagues dered at 5:50; is that right? of this happening, it clearly gives us an to vote no on the Daschle amendment. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Yes, that opportunity to have some secondary The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- is correct. industries in Alaska to support our ator from Alaska. Mr. REID. So the regular order would young people, the greatest natural re- Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I be for us to begin voting; is that right? source we have—I am most apprecia- am sad to disagree with my friend from The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tive—as well as the job training that is Oklahoma. I point out to the Senate ator is correct. provided in this bill. I encourage my that this oil and gas is produced on The Senator from Oklahoma. colleagues to vote in favor of it. State lands, with State leases. And our Mr. NICKLES. Madam President, I The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. State law prohibits the rights-of-way ask unanimous consent to speak for 1 CANTWELL). All time has expired. The for this gas to be moved on the north- minute. question is on agreeing to amendment ern route. It is within our province to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there No. 2980, as modified, as amended. guide the course of this asset of our objection? The yeas and nays have been ordered. State so that we might enjoy part of it. Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask The clerk will call the roll. If this gas goes east from Alaska, unanimous consent that the Senator The legislative clerk called the roll. Alaskans will never enjoy one single from New Mexico be given 2 minutes. Mr. NICKLES. I announce that the benefit from it except a portion of the So Senator NICKLES, 1 minute; Senator Senator from Virginia (Mr. WARNER) wellhead price coming to us as royal- BINGAMAN for 2 minutes; and then we and the Senator from Kansas (Mr. ROB- ties. We will not have any right to use vote. ERTS) are necessarily absent. it in our second largest city, in Fair- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there banks, along the Alaska highway going objection, it is so ordered. any other Senators in the Chamber de- out of Alaska into Canada. This is a Mr. NICKLES. I thank my friend and siring to vote? very dynamic area from the point of colleague. The result was announced—yeas 93, view of tourism. I tell my friend from Alaska, I have nays 5, as follows: In addition to that, we have two no desire whatsoever for him to depart [Rollcall Vote No. 41 Leg.] major bases there, Wainwright and this world at this particular moment YEAS—93 Eielson, and the national missile de- or any time in the not too distant fu- Akaka Dodd Lincoln fense system is right alongside that ture. Also, it is not my intention to say Allard Domenici Lott Allen Dorgan Lugar road. This gas must come south. My that the northern route is preferable to Baucus Durbin McConnell State has recognized that and has now the southern route. I just don’t think Bayh Edwards Mikulski passed legislation, signed by the Gov- we should mandate that it be the Bennett Ensign Miller Biden Enzi Murkowski ernor, that specifies that no route will southern route. It may well be, due to Bingaman Feingold Murray be allowed going east on these State the information our colleagues have Bond Feinstein Nelson (FL) lands. This gas must exit State lands had, the southern route is the preferred Boxer Fitzgerald Nelson (NE) before it can go either east or south. route. I am not saying it is not. I just Breaux Frist Reed Brownback Graham Reid We have spoken as a State. We under- don’t think it should be mandated by Bunning Grassley Rockefeller stand there may be some problem for this legislation that it be the southern Burns Gregg Santorum us downstream. The Senator from route, when we may find out that it Byrd Hagel Sarbanes Campbell Harkin Schumer Oklahoma would know, it may well be costs twice as much as some other al- Cantwell Hatch Sessions that the wellhead price of this gas will ternative. Carnahan Helms Shelby be lower and our share of that wellhead I yield the floor. Carper Hollings Smith (NH) gas will be lower. But we will have ac- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Chafee Hutchinson Smith (OR) Cleland Inhofe Snowe cess to the gas. We will have a chance ator from New Mexico. Clinton Inouye Specter to build the industry that might well Mr. BINGAMAN. Madam President, I Cochran Jeffords Stabenow utilize this gas in our State. strongly support the amendment on Collins Johnson Stevens This is the same problem that came which we are about to vote. It has the Conrad Kennedy Thomas Corzine Kerry Thompson up in the oil pipeline. When the pipe- support of the Alaska delegation, as Craig Kohl Thurmond line route came through, there was an Senator STEVENS indicated, as Senator Crapo Landrieu Torricelli argument whether we should be able to MURKOWSKI has indicated. It has the Daschle Leahy Voinovich Dayton Levin Wellstone take oil out of that pipeline around support of the Governor of Alaska. It is DeWine Lieberman Wyden Fairbanks. As a matter of fact, we have totally consistent with the action this won that argument. We do take out oil. Congress took in 1976 with the Alaska NAYS—5 We run it through two different refin- Natural Gas Transportation Act. It is Gramm Kyl Nickles Hutchison McCain eries, and it is one of the greatest clear to me that this is the correct pol- sources of aviation fuel for our coun- icy for the Congress to adhere to at NOT VOTING—2 try. It is available in the Nation’s larg- this point. I urge my colleagues to sup- Roberts Warner est cargo landing port at the inter- port the amendment. The amendment (No. 2980), as modi- national airport at Anchorage. I yield the floor. fied, as amended, was agreed to. I disagree with my friend from Okla- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. REID. Madam President, I move homa. I think we have every right to ator from Alaska. to reconsider the vote.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1591 Mr. KYL. I move to lay that motion the Federal Government involved in re- the U.S. Government some years ago, on the table. tail matters, with a utility serving its an area called the Arctic National The motion to lay on the table was customers in matters such as real-time Wildlife Refuge or ANWR. agreed to. pricing, net metering, and consumer The facts have gotten very confused Mr. REID. The Senator from Arizona protection issues. That is not the busi- by people who do not support this pro- has been patient during the day, and he ness of the Federal Government. posal. The area we are talking about is wishes to speak on the bill for up to 10 It gives FERC broad authority with about the size of the State of South minutes. Although we need to leave, he respect to the interstate transmission Carolina. But the amount of land that has indicated he has a very difficult grid. There is some authority here. One would actually be exposed to explo- day tomorrow. I ask unanimous con- can make the case that on interstate ration is no larger than the footprint of sent the Senator from Arizona be al- matters FERC should be able to help an airport in most of our communities, lowed to speak on the bill for up to 10 open up the market for easier trans- including, if you want the exact acre- minutes. mission of energy. I think we can work age, Dulles Airport outside of Wash- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without some provisions out that provide ington, DC, or Sky Harbor Airport in objection, it is so ordered. broader authority to FERC even in my home State of Arizona. Out of an The Senator from Arizona. that area. We have to be careful that area the size of South Carolina, we Mr. KYL. I thank the Senator from we do not ‘‘socialize the costs,’’ which have an area the size of an airport in Nevada for his courtesy. I will summa- is the term used by one official, with which the drilling would occur. rize my remarks and try to find an- respect to how the costs will be allo- It is simply not possible to have the other time to expand on some of my cated. We are going to have to treat degradation of the environment that thoughts. I appreciate his courtesy. the costs in a very fair way and make some claim with the modern tech- There is a big difference between sure the existing customers are not the nology that would be used to provide what the President has proposed in losers, that a utility that currently for this production and the small area terms of an energy policy and the bill serves them can continue to do that, and the environmentally friendly ways we are beginning to debate on the floor and they will not have to pay the cost in which it would be done. The drilling of the Senate. The President’s energy of someone else coming to connect to pads are 80 percent smaller than they policy, I believe, was a very well bal- the grid. were a generation ago. You can lit- anced set of recommendations that There are a lot of issues with respect erally get oil 6 miles away by drilling would have helped achieve the goal of to this electric restructuring to which down 2 or 3 miles and drilling out 2 or energy efficiency, less dependence upon we are going to have to pay attention 3 miles and in that way keep your foot- foreign sources of oil, and a series of that we could have resolved in com- print to a very small area. The critics have said there is not steps of progress toward changes in our mittee if we had the opportunity. policy that would result in more envi- The second has to do with nuclear very much oil, so it is not worth the ef- ronmentally friendly fuels and a vari- power. The bill itself, unfortunately, fort. I will state how much: It is 600,000 ety of reforms almost everybody is does not adequately deal with the need barrels of oil per day, which is almost the same amount of oil we are import- willing to support. to modernize the law with respect to ing from the country of Iraq. It is the Unfortunately, the President’s pro- the provision of nuclear power. It does supply of oil we get from the country posals were not met with support by extend the Price-Anderson Act for 10 of Iraq for 40 years. That is a lot of oil. many on the other side of the aisle. As years but only for DOE contractors. If we get into a conflict with Iraq, we a result, even though I believe there For those not aware, that is the liabil- will wish we had an alternative source was sufficient support in the Energy ity protection that has historically so we would not have to rely upon pur- Committee, on which I sit, for many of been provided to nuclear generators to the reforms that the President has pro- chasing it from Iraq. ensure that they would be able to pro- Suffice it to say, if we are going to be posed, our committee was not allowed vide the power and not have to worry serious about increasing our energy to deal with this matter. The only about the insurance costs for some cat- production, we are going to have to be hearings held were a long time ago and astrophic accident. able to drill for oil in Alaska. did not deal with most of the specifics There will be an amendment offered There is a provision of the bill deal- of the legislation. We were never per- to add the NRC licensees, which are the ing with CAFE standards, setting the mitted to mark up the legislation. In commercial powerplant operators, to miles per gallon that cars have to fact, the bill that is on the floor today this Price-Anderson protection. I be- meet. While all Members are desirous has undergone iterations, and I am not lieve that will pass. I think most recog- of trying to improve the miles per gal- precisely sure I have the very last nize that is going to be necessary. lon that our cars meet, the only way version. There are 103 nuclear powerplants op- we have found to do that has, as a re- In terms of process, we are suffering erating in the United States today, in- sult, caused an increased number of under an inhibition of the primary cluding 3 in my home State of Arizona. automobile fatalities. The National committee of jurisdiction never having They supply almost a quarter of the Academy of Sciences, certainly an un- had the opportunity to work out de- power in the United States in a very biased source, found that previous fuel tails, to try to smooth out rough edges, environmentally safe manner—no economy measures likely resulted in and resolve differences that probably emissions, no gases such as nitrogen 1,300 to 2,600 additional crash fatalities could be resolved if we had taken the oxide, sulfur dioxide, or other gases annually, which is the equivalent, ac- time to do that in the committee that threaten the environment. Nu- cording to the National Safety Council, structure. It is hard to write a complex clear energy, of course, is the most effi- of wiping out the recent hard-won bill during its consideration on the cient. It costs 1.83 cents per kilowatt gains of safety belt use, airbags, or floor of the Senate. Yet that is what we hour compared to 2.08 per kilowatt drunk driving legislation. will have to do. As a result, I am afraid hour for coal-fired plants. We need to The point is we have had a lot of peo- we are not going to end up with a prod- work to ensure that the nuclear provi- ple unnecessarily killed on our high- uct that would be nearly as good as it sions of the bill are modernized. We ways because we have had to make cars would have otherwise been. will have amendments to present to do lighter in order to meet these CAFE Let me mention several aspects of that. standards. It seems to me we have to the bill that are going to need a lot of One of the most contentious parts of weigh the benefits that might be work. I will briefly address four or five the bill relates to increasing our abil- achieved—might be achieved—in terms of them. The bill is written to restruc- ity to generate oil and gas production of fuel savings on the one hand and the ture the electric energy industry. This in the United States so we do not have saving of lives that would be achieved is a very complex and difficult subject. to rely so much on foreign sources of on the other hand if we do not care- I think it is done in a very clumsy way. oil. This gets primarily into the ques- lessly move forward with these CAFE It preempts a lot of State authority. It tion of whether we should be able to standards. gives a lot of authority to FERC, large- explore for oil in an area of Alaska Once again, we will have an amend- ly at the expense of the States. It gets that was set aside for that purpose by ment that will have to deal with that.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1592 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 I will have amendment also to deal hero from my home State of New Mex- Cunningham, who grew up in Carlsbad and with other subjects. There will be other ico—I see Senator BINGAMAN so I think Farmington and recently lived in Gallup, amendments that will attempt to im- it is appropriate to say ‘‘our home once considered becoming a SEAL as a Navy prove the underlying bill. State’’—Senior Airman Jason Cunning- petty officer. He had passed the Navy’s fit- ness test but decided to move to the Air My bottom line is this. In this brief ham. He lost his life this week while Force. opening set of comments, I just want trying to save the life of another serv- ‘‘I didn’t want to kill people,’’ Cunningham to make the point that the bill before iceman in eastern Afghanistan. told Airman magazine, an Air Force publica- us is not the bill that the President I express my heartfelt condolences to tion, in October 2000. ‘‘I wanted to save recommended. It is not the bill that I Jason’s wife Theresa; his daughters, 2- them.’’ think could have come out of com- year-old Hannah and 4-year-old Kyla; Cunningham, 26, died trying to save an- mittee. It is a bill that requires a lot of as well as his parents Larry and Jack- other serviceman Monday. He was one of eight soldiers killed in renewed fighting in work. It is going to take a lot of time. ie. I know I speak for all New Mexicans eastern Afghanistan. When we try to do the amending proc- when I say how proud we are of your The remains of seven of those servicemen ess on the floor of the Senate, we don’t husband, father, and son, and that our arrived Tuesday at Ramstein Air Base, Ger- necessarily end up with the best of thoughts and prayers are with you. many. products—just because of the way we Jason was a member of the Air Jason’s parents, who live in Gallup, have to proceed. It is regrettable we Force’s elite pararescue team whose learned of their son’s death Tuesday morn- ing. have to do it that way, but since we are mission is to rescue downed pilots in ‘‘We’re very proud of our baby,’’ Jackie opened up to a series of amendments, hostile territory. He joined the 38th Cunningham said of her son as she tried to then I think we will have to have the Rescue Squadron because it was his hold back tears at a family news conference indulgence of everyone as we present passion to save lives, and that is ex- on the lawn outside their blue ranch-style and debate those amendments and actly what Jason and his comrades home. hopefully get them passed. were doing this week when he came ‘‘Jason died doing what he liked to do, save The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- under heavy fire from the al-Qaida lives,’’ said his father, Larry ‘‘Red’’ Cunningham, choking on his words as he ator from Nevada. force. read a brief statement. f During an attempt by our forces to Since last summer, Cunningham, a senior land a reconnaissance team in a moun- airman, was stationed at Moody Air Force MORNING BUSINESS tainous region known to be inhabited Base near Valdosta, Ga., with his wife, The- Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask by al-Qaida and Taliban, one troop fell resa, and two daughters, 2-year-old Hannah unanimous consent the Senate now from a helicopter when it was hit by and 4-year-old Kyla. He was deployed Feb. 1, proceed to a period of morning business enemy fire. Later, it was Jason and his his family said. with Senators permitted to speak for ‘‘We last heard from him on Saturday,’’ rescue team who bravely went into the the father said. up to 5 minutes each. area where the trooper and helicopter Cunningham was the middle child of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without were down in an attempt to extricate family. Standing next to his parents were his objection, it is so ordered. him. A heavy fire-fight ensued and brother, Chris, 29, of Washington state, and f Jason and five other Americans lost his sister, Lori, of Farmington. their lives. The family said memorial services will be REMEMBERING FORMER SENATOR in Georgia and in Carlsbad this week. A fu- HOWARD CANNON I know that words are of little con- neral and burial are planned for next week in solation at such a difficult time for Ja- Camarillo, Calif., where his wife is from. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- son’s loved ones, but I want his family Cunningham was born and raised in Carls- ator from Nevada. to know that all New Mexicans—this bad. The family moved to Farmington just Mr. REID. Madam President, it is a Senator, and I am certain my col- before his high school years. After grad- very sad day because Nevada lost one league, Senator BINGAMAN—mourn uating from high school, Cunningham went of its great citizens—Howard Cannon with them today. I am sure that for Ja- into the Navy for four years before moving died today. son’s heroics his country will bestow to the Air Force. Howard Cannon served in the Senate Cunningham began the Air Force’s upon him one of the most highly re- pararescue school, a grueling 21-month train- for 24 years. He left the Senate in 1982. spected honors it can give, the Purple ing program that few finish, about 21⁄2 years He was a wonderful man. I have great Heart. Such valor deserves no less. ago. memories of him when I worked as a The loss of such fine Americans as Training for pararescuemen, or PJs, con- police officer, when I was going to law Jason in the war on terrorism can be cludes at Kirtland Air Force Base. school. Howard Cannon had been a bar heartrending, but as a nation we must Cunningham graduated from the school on July 7, when he donned the group’s maroon examiner before coming back here. He honor the sacrifices of men and women was a very fine lawyer, had a great beret, Kirtland officials said. like Airman Cunningham and remain He belonged to the 38th Rescue Squadron. legal mind. He tutored me, as busy as steadfast in our resolve to protect our Tech. Sgt. Tim Donovan, a supervisor for he was as a Senator, to help me pass freedoms and liberty from terrorism. air operations with the school at Kirtland, the bar. I am always grateful for that. President Bush has told us many called Cunningham ‘‘kind of silly, kind of I am grateful for all he did for me as I times that this war would not be quick goofy,’’ with a heart totally dedicated to the moved up the political ladder to dif- pararescue mission. or easy, and it would be good to re- ‘‘He had several setbacks that he overcame ferent offices. member that while we mourn the loss I remember the first political office I and persevered through all the training,’’ of a good man like Jason Cunningham. Donovan said. ‘‘He never quit. He was totally ran for was the hospital board. His I ask unanimous consent that a de- focused. . . . chief of staff, Jack Conlin, through tailed statement surrounding the ‘‘A lot of times you have kids who don’t Senator Cannon, gave me some money young man and his family headlined feel they have their hearts into it or they’re for this race. He was always very car- ‘‘New Mexican Dies Trying to Save just in it for the beret or they’re doing it for ing about me, and I cared a great deal Others’’ from the Albuquerque Journal, something other than the motto (That Oth- about him. I do have, though, some sat- ers May Live). That wasn’t him at all.’’ be printed in the RECORD. Cunningham is the fourth pararescueman isfaction because just a couple of There being no objection, the mate- the Air Force has lost in the past three weeks ago, on his 90th birthday, I came rial was ordered to be printed in the months. The Air Force has about 300 to the Senate and talked about what a RECORD, as follows: pararescuemen. fine man he was, how much he had NEW MEXICAN DIES TRYING TO SAVE OTHERS ‘‘They’re a small, tight-knit community, done for the State of Nevada. I talked and all of them will most assuredly feel the (By Miguel Navrot) to him that day on the telephone. loss of one of their own and mourn his pass- Jason Cunningham was one of the best the ing,’’ Kirtland spokeswoman 2nd Lt. Kelley f Air Force had to offer. Jeter said Tuesday. COMMEMORATING SENIOR AIRMAN Cunningham served as a pararescueman— Theresa Cunningham spoke to her parents JASON CUNNINGHAM trained to rescue downed pilots from the early Tuesday. most hostile of enemy areas—in one of the ‘‘She was hysterical. She talked to her Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, I military’s elite teams, sometimes compared mom and said, ‘Jason is dead.’ That’s it,’’ rise today to commemorate a fallen to the Navy SEALs. said her father, Lito D’Castro.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1593 ‘‘He’s a nice guy. He loves the service,’’ erences to ‘‘ancient tribal hatreds’’ at though the international community D’Castro said from Camarillo. the source of violence, we now know adopted the definition of the crime of D’Castro said the last time he saw that the genocide was not a series of genocide following the holocaust, it Cunningham was when he visited Camarillo spontaneous acts; it was not about was the ICTR that launched the first at Christmas-time. Cunningham was one of seven Americans crowds gone wild or tribal bloodlust. It successful investigation and prosecu- who died in the bloodiest operation of the was carefully planned and centrally di- tion for that crime. It was the first- war in Afghanistan. They were killed as rected. Extra machetes had been im- ever international tribunal to convict troops were being taken into the battle area ported, militia groups were in place, an individual of rape as a crime against on two different missions, the Pentagon said and incitements to murder had become humanity and to rule that rape can be Tuesday. a regular element of programming on a crime of genocide. The Tribunal was Early Monday, a two-helicopter team was the hate-radio station. The planners the first such institution to actually ferrying in reconnaissance troops south of targeted not only ethnic Tutsis, but convict a national leader, the former Gardez when one was hit by enemy fire, said also politically moderate Hutus who Brig. Gen. John W. Rosa Jr., deputy director Prime Minister of Rwanda, of genocide. of operations for the Joint Chiefs of Staff. threatened their grip on power. We The court has established principles of One soldier fell from a helicopter and later know today that individual people— international law that will be studied died, Rosa told a Pentagon news conference. leaders and planners—are responsible in law schools around the world for Cunningham was killed during a subse- for the deaths of some 800,000 people, generations to come. quent rescue mission involving special forces and that the blame for these atrocities on two helicopters. Once on the ground, cannot be heaped on some imagined And more importantly, it is estab- those forces got into a firefight in which at cultural failing. lishing, in the minds of African leaders least 11 were wounded and six died. Two weeks ago, I had an opportunity and African elites and African soci- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- to visit the International Criminal Tri- eties, the possibility that those respon- ator from New Mexico. bunal for Rwanda in Arusha during a sible for crimes against humanity may Mr. BINGAMAN. Madam President, I weeklong trip to Kenya, Tanzania, and one day be held accountable for their join my colleague, Senator DOMENICI, Mozambique that I undertook in my actions. In central Africa in particular, in expressing condolences to the family capacity as Chairman of the Senate this goal is essential to ending the cul- of Jason Cunningham. I also read with Foreign Relations Committee’s Sub- ture of impunity for gross violations of great sadness the report of his death in committee on African Affairs. During human rights, whether they occur in Afghanistan. It was emphasized in the my brief visit, I was able to meet with Rwanda or Burundi or eastern Congo. report which I read that he was part of the Deputy Registrar, with Judge The people who have been laboring in this para-rescue team and that he had Navanetham Pillay, who is the Presi- Arusha to hold those most responsible made a very conscious decision in dent of the ICTR, and with some mem- for the genocide and for crimes against choosing his career path in the mili- bers of the Prosecutor’s office. I was humanity in Rwanda in 1994 deserve tary to be on a para-rescue team rather also able to sit in on one of the trials recognition, and respect, and support. than on a different type of military underway—that of Laurent Semanza, a Now, there are a number of steps that team because he did want to commit former mayor of Bicumbi who is the international community can take his life to saving other people’s lives. charged with several counts of geno- to help this worthy effort. First, we That is the exact activity he was en- cide, conspiracy to commit genocide can ensure that the prosecutor’s office gaged in in Afghanistan when he came and crimes against humanity, includ- is adequately staffed. It is almost ap- under enemy fire and was killed in that ing rape. I heard some of the wrenching palling that the post of Deputy Pros- combat. testimony in that case, and was as- ecutor has been vacant since the mid- This is a reminder to all who serve in tounded at the strength of the tribunal dle of last year. I was informed that va- the Senate, as well as, of course, to his officials, whose work requires them to cancies exist throughout the office. family. It is an enormous responsi- confront the horrible facts of the The UN has to speed up its recruitment bility we take on as a nation when we Rwandan genocide every day of their process, priortizing the expeditious send our best young people into battle work. placement of competent applicants in to do the work of this country, to put For many years, I have strongly sup- important jobs, rather than starving these men and women at risk, as has ported accountability measures in the court of staff for the overriding been the case in Afghanistan. It is an cases where crimes against humanity goal of even geographic distribution of enormous undertaking. His sacrifice is have occurred, and I think that inter- personnel. UN member states must also the ultimate sacrifice and his family’s national support for such measures is help to address another problem—that sacrifice, as well. We join with them in particularly important in Africa, where of sentence enforcement. Currently, mourning his death. too often the international community few of the African countries willing to f fails to respond to atrocities the way house persons convicted by the ICTR in we would if such acts occurred in Eu- INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL their jails can meet international rope or North America. TRIBUNAL FOR RWANDA standards for prison conditions. Of For this reason, I have been a sup- course I am not suggesting that the Mr. FEINGOLD. Madam President, I porter of the Special Court for Sierra international community refurbish the rise today to voice my support for the Leone. I have long supported the ICTR. prisons of an entire continent. But I International Criminal Tribunal for In the last Congress, I authored legisla- am suggesting that perhaps there are Rwanda which is the often-neglected tion that was signed into law that small and reasonable steps that we can sister court to the International Crimi- would extend the U.S. rewards program take to help. nal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia to allow our government to offer and at the Hague. While the international pay rewards for information about in- And the US and the rest of the inter- media carries regular coverage of the dividuals wanted by the tribunal. The national community I think should Milosevic trial and the NATO efforts to reason that we did this is because this support the tribunal’s request for ad arrest individuals wanted by the ICTY, provision had already existed for the litum judges. They have already sup- much of the world, it seems, has for- International Criminal Tribunal for ported a similar request for the ICTY gotten about the ICTR. This week, as the Former Yugoslavia—an example of for the former Yugoslavia. All observ- the UN’s fifth committee considers the how a double standard relating to the ers have been concerned about the pace tribunal’s budget, I want to make plain courts was at one time institutional- of the tribunal. It makes sense to pro- my continuing concerns about the tri- ized in our government. vide it with the capacity to move more bunal, but I also want to be crystal What had happened since the Arusha quickly through its work. clear about my continued support for tribunal’s inception is nothing short of Mr. President, must has been made in its work. groundbreaking. The ICTR was respon- recent days of the Administration’s de- In 1994, an unspeakable horror un- sible for the very first international cision to publicly push for the ICTR folded in the tiny central African site convictions for the crime of genocide. and ICTY to finish their work in the of Rwanda. Despite the initial ref- Many people do not realize this, al- next few years. And the need to wrap-

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1594 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 up the Tribunal’s work is not in dis- neously. And as I have mention, pro- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The sen- pute—in my meetings with Tribunal of- viding additional judges to the ICTR ior Senator from Nevada. ficials, no one suggested that the Tri- will help to address this problem. Mr. REID. Madam President, I cer- bunal should not aim to finish its work Madam President, because this tri- tainly applaud my colleague from Ne- by 2008. This consensus, however, does bunal is so important, the inter- vada for making his heart-felt state- not change the fact that much impor- national community must keep work- ment. I am not much for calling people tant still remains to be done, and the ing to get it right. The ICTR still has when there is a tragedy. I tend to write tribunals will need continued support a great deal of work to do, and the letters. It is difficult for me to speak to to complete it. international community, including people upon the loss of a loved one be- Some have also suggested that the the United States, must ensure that cause it brings back memories of those existence of tribunals has given the they are operating with all the nec- loved ones of mine I have lost. So I nor- international community a rationale essary support, and operating under mally just write a letter. for neglecting developing of indigenous clear demands for accountability and But I thought it was appropriate yes- justice systems in countries subject to integrity. These two initiatives—sup- terday, when I learned about the death the tribunals. And I agree that this is porting the court and demanding an of Matthew, that I call and speak to a pitfall that must be avoided, and I end to corruption and waste—are not the parents; and I did that. Certainly, strongly support efforts to strengthen contradictory, they are complemen- it was not a pleasant call in the sense the capacity and independence of the tary. I urge my colleagues and the ad- that you call and talk to grieving par- judiciary in countries that have suf- ministration to pursue both with equal ents, but it was a call I will never for- fered from wide-scale human rights vigor. get. violations. Last week, Ambassador-at- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- His mother asked me if I would write Large for War Crimes Pierre Prosper ator from Nevada. her a letter. I said I would be happy to. told the House International Relations f She said: The reason I want the letter Committee that ‘‘the United States is because I will have that to refer to. TRIBUTE TO PFC MATTHEW stands prepared to assist the states in I will not have my son anymore. And COMMONS rebuilding their shattered judicial sys- she broke down and cried a little bit tems to make them capable of dis- Mr. ENSIGN. Madam President, I rise about that. pensing truth-based justice and estab- to speak of a brave young nevadan, As I just indicated, I talked to his lishing systematic respect for the rule PFC Matthew Commons, who was mom, Patricia, who lives in Las Vegas. of law.’’ I certainly hope he is right, be- killed in combat in Afghanistan. I am I also talked to his dad, Gregory. Greg- cause this is an indispensable element humbled and grateful that he was will- ory, as do most fathers, put up a very in the global effort to bring some sta- ing to make the ultimate sacrifice to brave front during the first part of our bility to the heart of Africa. But I am preserve our freedom. conversation. Like all dads, toward the not yet convinced that our actions will For he is one of the noble soldiers of end of it, his emotions got the best of match this rhetoric, and I am specifi- whom Thomas Jefferson spoke when he him. He shed a few tears, I know. I cally concerned that no funding is warned that ‘‘the tree of liberty must could tell by his voice that he was cry- being requested in 2003 for the Great be refreshed from time to time, with ing on the other end of the line. Lakes Justice Initiative. And while I the blood of patriots and tyrants.’’ I talked to him about Matthew’s am encouraged by the Rwandan Gov- In doing his duty for God and coun- brothers. Matthew had three brothers. ernment’s efforts to address the mas- try, he gave up all so that we could Matthew was the oldest. And his dad sive backlog of genocide-related cases grow and thrive and learn and love in said: Matthew always looked out for through a system of community courts the greatest Nation in the world. his brothers, that if anyone tried, in He is our fallen hero. A grateful Na- known as gacaca and believe that the any way, to get the better of his little tion should never forget, he had family, international community should help brothers, he was always standing there friends, and plans for the future. He the government in Kigali to ensure the making sure that they did not. was just 21 years of age, old enough to integrity and efficacy of this effort, I And I said to Mr. Commons: You dedicate his life to protecting our also respect the Rwandan’s decision have to explain to your sons that they country, but too young to have a fam- not to attempt to try those most re- have a great example to live up to be- ily of his own. sponsible for the genocide—known as cause their brother gave his life for our His mother told me that one of the Category One suspects—in these un- country. hardest burdens she now has to bear is tested courts in which judges have very So I was saddened to see that one of the knowledge she will never get to little training and where only limited those who died was from Bolder City, hold Matthew’s children. safeguards exist for victims and for the Matthew was an all-American kid, NV. As indicated in the Washington accused. growing up in Boulder City. He ran paper today, in their comments about Madam President, it is important to track and played soccer at Boulder his death, Matthew was the youngest acknowledge that much of the criti- City High. He was elected secretary of of those who were killed, but the par- cism that has been leveled at the tri- his senior class. ents and the wives of the other men bunal is fair, and it reflects real, and in On September 11, al-Qaida terrorists who were killed are grieving just as some cases ongoing problems with the attacked the United States. Matthew’s parents, no matter where ICTR. Too often in the past, allega- On March 4, Matthew Commons they live in this great country of ours. tions of waste and mismanagement sought to make sure that would never But I do say that as a result of the proved to be accurate, and the tribunal happen again. courageous act of Matthew, who was must exercise constant vigilance to He died to make sure that no Amer- actually going to the aid of one of his fight corruption and abuse. Decisive ican was left behind at the mercy of al- comrades, we are going to win the war steps must be taken to address the Qaida. His mission was a success. And on terrorism—because there are people issue of fee-splitting between those on his fellow soldiers endured heavy fire all over America today like Matthew trial and defense counsel. I was pleased so that he, too, ultimately would come Commons willing to give their lives for to learn about some of the efforts cur- home from the front. their country. rently underway during my visit. I In fighting for our Nation, he ensured f have raised these issues with the Chief that we would be free. GENETIC INFORMATION Prosecutor, I have raised them with In dying, he left in his wake the grief NONDISCRIMINATION ACT OF 2002 U.N. officials in New York, I raised of those who knew and loved him, in- them in Arusha, and I will continue to cluding his mother, Patricia Marek and Mr. ENZI. Madam President, I rise raise them. And overall, the tribunal his father, Greg Commons. today to join my colleagues in intro- simply has to pick up the pace of its God bless you, Matthew Commons. ducing the Genetic Information Non- work. I believe that this, too, is being And God bless America. discrimination Act of 2002. I am par- addressed. During my visit there were Would the senior Senator from Ne- ticularly grateful to Senators SNOWE, three cases being heard simulta- vada like to make some comments? JEFFORDS, FRIST and GREGG for their

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1595 leadership on the extremely important consistent with existing discrimination ment discrimination based on genetic policy matter of protecting individuals statutes when it comes to protecting information. Why should someone from genetic discrimination. individuals against employment dis- claiming genetic discrimination, but This bill would effectively and fairly crimination. Consistency is mandated who is asymptomatic, be able to re- protect against genetic discrimination to protect the rights of employees and cover greater damages than someone in health insurance and employment. employers alike. Consistency is man- who is actually disabled in the present The group of members assembled to in- dated to protect the carefully designed or who is a claimant of race discrimi- troduce this bill is bipartisan. We all process for enforcing and redressing nation? We must guard against enact- worked together in the past on a bill employment civil rights legislation. ing legislation that, in an effort to pro- that dealt strictly with genetic dis- Therefore, I believe that federal leg- tect individuals who have been sub- crimination in health insurance, and islation prohibiting employment dis- jected to one type of discrimination, today are introducing a bill that in- crimination based on genetic informa- creates inequities for individuals who cludes a new title to also protect indi- tion must not deviate from other em- have been subjected to another type. viduals from genetic discrimination in ployment discrimination laws, namely Unfortunately, I read the alternative employment. During the last Congress, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 bill sponsored by Sen. DASCHLE to cre- our bill dealing with health insurance and the Americans with Disabilities ate just such an inequity. discrimination passed the Senate three Act, with regard to enforcement and The issue of confidentiality of ge- times. I hope this new bill just has to remedies. netic information in the employment pass once before the President can sign Furthermore, we cannot enact new context in relation to existing privacy it into law. employment discrimination legislation laws might seem very complex. How- As I have previously stated, I believe without examining its interaction with ever, I think that the issue is not as there is unanimous support for enact- existing laws. We must be careful to complex as we make it out to be. First ing legislation which prohibits dis- avoid enacting legislation that places and foremost, an employer should not crimination in both health insurance employers between a rock and a hard be held to conflicting legal require- and employment. The promise that ge- place. That is, in order to comply with ments regarding the confidentiality of netic information holds for revolu- one law, an employer violates another. such information. tionary advances in the diagnosis and For example, an employer should not The HIPAA medical records privacy treatment of diseases such as cancer, be placed in the impossible position of regulation I mentioned before governs Parkinson’s disease, heart disease and violating genetic discrimination legis- the disclosure of all medical informa- diabetes should not be hindered by lation by virtue of its requirement to tion, including genetic information, by fears about the discriminatory use of comply with the ADA or Family and health plans, health care clearing- this information. Medical Leave Act. Nor should employ- houses and certain health care pro- As a result of a lot of hard work and ers be held to conflicting standards viders. Therefore, an employer who is a hearing held by Chairman KENNEDY governing the disclosure of genetic in- acting in its capacity as a group health on February 13, 2002, we are able to in- formation. plan will be subject to the HIPAA pri- troduce a bill today that reflects the Let me briefly address the issue of vacy regulation. Federal legislation cutting edge knowledge about genetic enforcement of employment discrimi- that prohibits discrimination in health science and also reflects the current nation claims on the basis of genetic insurance and employment on the basis regulatory state with respect to med- information. Under Title VII and the of genetic information should not cre- ical records privacy. Both the original ADA, Congress gave the Equal Employ- ate confidentiality requirements for Snowe bill and the alternative Daschle ment Opportunity Commission the role employers acting as group health plans bill were drafted years ago. The Human of investigating and enforcing com- that conflict with the privacy regula- Genome has since been mapped. Com- plaints of violations of these laws. tion. Again, Sen. Daschle’s bill would prehensive medical records privacy Under both of these laws, a claimant create this kind of conflict. regulations, which will cover genetic must first file a complaint with the On a subject as important as the use information, have since been promul- EEOC before being able to file a private and disclosure of genetic information, gated. And, the Equal Employment Op- suit in court. we must understand and build from ex- portunity Commission, EEOC, has The EEOC plays a critical role in the isting federal laws and regulations. since stated the need to expressly pro- compliance with and enforcement of With this foundation and the benefit of tect individuals from employment dis- employment nondiscrimination laws. today’s understanding of genetic crimination based on genetic informa- The EEOC’s mediation activities also science, I look forward to passing legis- tion. serve to expedite resolution of employ- lation to prohibit discrimination in In other words, this bill provides the ment cases and reduce the backlog of health insurance and employment of most informed policy to meet the goal such cases in our courts. the basis of genetic information. of protecting individuals from dis- Federal legislation on genetic non- f crimination without denying the prom- discrimination that would allow a ise of genetic science. Here are just a claimant to bypass the vital role that LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT ACT few examples of how our bill has been the EEOC plays undermines the effi- OF 2001 improved. cacy of such legislation. Furthermore, Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Madam Presi- First, the definition of genetic infor- what is the justification for allowing dent, I rise today to speak about hate mation correctly reflects the science of an individual claiming genetic dis- crimes legislation I introduced with genetics as the best minds know it crimination to circumvent the com- Senator KENNEDY in March of last today, not 4 years ago. Secondly, the plaint process that claimants of other year. The Local Law Enforcement Act medical records privacy regulation basis of employment discrimination of 2001 would add new categories to called for under the Kennedy-Kasse- must follow? current hate crimes legislation sending baum Health Insurance Portability and With regard to remedies for employ- a signal that violence of any kind is Accountability Act of 1996, HIPAA, is ment discrimination based on genetic unacceptable in our society. nearly final. The Kennedy-Kassebaum information, federal legislation should I would like to describe a terrible law clearly intended that genetic infor- not disregard the remedy structure of crime that occurred January 30, 1993 in mation be considered medical informa- other employment discrimination laws. Wilmington, NC. A gay man was tion, and, therefore, should be equally The Civil Rights Act of 1991, which ap- dragged from a bar and beaten. The as- protected under the same privacy plies to remedies available under Title sailants, Colin C. Hunt, 20, Patric G. standards. The Snowe bill we’re intro- VII and the ADA, places a cap on con- Gardone, 23, and Walter G. Watkins, 26, ducing today codifies that intent. sequential and punitive damages that were charged with four counts of as- The President has also called upon is progressive with the size of the em- sault in connection with the incident. Congress to pass legislation prohibiting ployer. I believe that government’s first duty discrimination on the basis of genetic I cannot see the justification for al- is to defend its citizens, to defend them information that is fair, reasonable and lowing unlimited damages for employ- against the harms that come out of

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1596 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 hate. The Local Law Enforcement En- 1947. In December 1947, Fair-B brought After the fast pace of the Washington hancement Act of 2001 is now a symbol the family back to the U.S. to area, duty on the CINCPAC staff in Ha- that can become substance. I believe Selfridge, Michigan. The duty was with waii, starting in 1966, seemed slow in- that by passing this legislation, we can the 56th Fighter Group flying F–80’s deed. Here Fair-B served on the staff of change hearts and minds as well. and F–86’s, where he was squadron ad- the Commander in Chief, Pacific, at f jutant and group adjutant. It was dur- Camp Smith. Not only did they take ing this time, in 1948, that his second off for the weekends, but Wednesday ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS daughter, Nancy, was born. In 1951 it afternoons as well. The duty was good, was off to Minneapolis in the Air De- with many evaluation trips to the fense Control Center business. There he MAAG supported countries in the Far TRIBUTE TO GENERAL WILLIAM H. was assigned as an aircraft controller East. This, together with quarters on FAIRBROTHER. and control center chief with the 31st Hickam, and the benevolent Hawaiian ∑ Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I rise Air Division. Flying time was cadged weather made for a delightful tour. today to honor a great American pa- from the local guard squadron, which Patricia stayed in Hawaii when Fair- triot, Brigadier General William H. was equipped with P–51s. Then in 1953 B went to the Republic of Vietnam to Fairbrother, USAF, Ret. General cold weather assignments continued, join the 14th Special Operations Wing. Fairbrother passed away on January this time to Rapid City, South Dakota As Vice Commander and then Com- 27th at Air Force Village II in San An- and the 54th Fighter Interceptor mander he was kept busy monitoring tonio. My deepest sympathies go out to Squadron at Ellsworth Air Force Base. the varied activities of the Wing, which his wife, Patricia, and his daughters, This was probably the happiest assign- were performed from nine separate Bonnie and Nancy. ment in his career, with over two years bases. The little command O–2 aircraft William Herman Fairbrother was of the time there being in command of spent a lot of time touring the country. born in Endicott, NY, on March 28, the squadron. Initially, the airplanes In addition to the clandestine oper- 1923, the son of Lieutenant Herman and were P–51s, then F84Gs and finally F– ations, the Wing had the AC–47 and AC– Caroline Fairbrother. He grew up on a 86Ds. He had always said that next to 119 gunships, the psychological warfare variety of Infantry Posts, to include being a Captain and Fighter Squadron business with O–2s and C–47s and the the Panama Canal Zone and Manila, Flight commander, the position of only armed helicopter squadron in the Philippine Islands. Bill entered the Fighter Squadron Commander was the Air Force, flying UH–1Ns. He served United States Military Academy at best job in the Air Force. the Wing from September 1969, to Sep- West Point on a Congressional appoint- Exchange duty with the Royal Air tember 1970. ment from the 34th District of New Force at RAF Manby, England followed After Vietnam the next assignment York. When he arrived at West Point in June of 1956. The assignment was at- as Deputy Chief of Staff at Head- he knew the prepared sling, the hasty tendance at the RAF Flying College. quarters Air Force Logistics Command sling, and had qualified with the 30-cal- The family thoroughly enjoyed this at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, iber water-cooled machine gun which short tour living in the small East Ohio with the job of DCS Distribution. made it easy to shoot expert with the Anglia town of Sutton-on-Sea, going to The assignment was not awarded be- M1 Garand plebe year. Academics, how- English Schools, learning the language, cause of any logistics experience buy dealing with pounds, schillings and ever, were something else. With the mainly because the boss man wanted pence, and driving on the left side of help of ‘‘Sully’s Cram School’’ in Wash- some operational talent on the staff. the road. Fair-B accumulated a re- ington, DC the previous year he did The job was fascinating and of enor- spectable amount of time in British fairly well in the first half year. But mous scope. Fair-B jumped in with his Aircraft to include the Gloster Meteor, after that it was a continuing struggle typical enthusiasm and his perform- Hawker Hunter and British Electric ance helped in getting him promoted to to stay proficient. Because of many Canberra. In January 1957 the family Brigadier General on April 1, 1972. Sep- moves, high school had been rushed arrived in Rabat Morocco. The assign- aration from the Air Force came in and spotty, and four years of Academy ment here was Chief, Combat Oper- 1974 with Fair-B being allowed to keep study being rushed into three because ations in the 316th Air Division. Fur- the wife and kids and the Air Force of World War II made the task even ther broadening and true sophistica- keeping the airplanes. His decorations harder. On the other hand, flying, tion took place during this time. Not and awards include the Legion of Merit which was his first love went smoothly. only was the Division partially manned (2), Distinguished Flying Cross (2) with Primary flight training in Texas and with French Air Force personnel but oak leaf cluster, Air Medal (3) with two then Basic and Advanced at Stewart also, the family lived in a French villa. oak leaf clusters and the Meritorious during the three years went without In addition, flights with the family on Service Medal. He was a command problems. It was during the Plebe year military aircraft up to the European pilot. that he picked up the nickname ‘‘Fair- continent were allowed once a year. Fair-B and Patricia, hand-in hand B’’ in keeping with the academy tradi- They took full advantage of this privi- then returned to Hawaii, their choice tion to reduce the spoken word to its lege and managed to visit Spain, Por- of all the places they had tried simplest form. tugal, Italy, France, Germany and throughout the years. They moved into Fair-B graduated with the class of Switzerland during their Moroccan an apartment on Waikiki beach and 1944, the D-Day class, albeit rather far stay. The Division Fighter Squadrons then took the time to read what there down the list. On the very next day, in were equipped with F–86D and F–100 wasn’t time for before and work on the the Cadet Chapel, he married his child- aircraft so Fair-B was able to keep his projects that had long ago been put hood sweetheart, Patricia Ross of Ken- hand in flying. There were many trips aside. Other activities during this more, New York and they lived happily to Wheelus Air Force Base in Tripoli, eight-year idyll included working with ever after. P–40 and P–47 training, to- Libya, where the squadrons went TDY the House Republican Whip in the Ha- gether with those of the class selected for gunnery and rocketry training. waii State Legislature, activities with for the Fighter business, followed with The three and a half years in North the Retiree Affairs Council at Hickam time at many different bases, as the Africa went by quickly, and the return and work with the Oahu Chapter of the Service endeavored to cram as much to the US happened in June 1960 with Air Force Association. 1982 found them military experience into the class as attendance at the Air War College. Fol- in San Antonio, Texas, and in 1987 they they could before sending them over- lowing graduation from the Air War made their next-to-the-last move into seas. Shortly thereafter it was off to Ie College he spent a long five years in a cottage at Air Force Village II. Fair- Shima Flying P–47’s against the Japa- the Pentagon, first on the Air Staff in B served three year as a Trustee on the nese. After the war the unit moved War Plans and then as Executive As- Board of the Air Force Village Founda- over to Okinawa and Patricia joined sistant in the Office of the Air Force tion, and over three years as a Director him there in 1946. They, along with Chief of Staff. One year with Curtis on the Air Force Village II Board of Di- many other pioneer souls, set up house- LeMay and one year with John McCon- rectors. keeping in a Quonset hut. , Bonnie, his nell provided rare and valuable staff Fair-B is survived by his wife of 57 first daughter, was born in Okinawa in experience. years Patricia; daughters and sons-in-

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1597 law Bonnie and Jerold Kreidler, Nancy General Killey received his commis- Staff Crisis Action Team. Prior to this and James Councilor and grand- sion in 1963 through Officer Training period, Col. Bishop was assigned to daughters Katherine and Patricia School, at Lackland AFB in Texas. He U.S. Forces Command and Joint Task Councilor. served a tour in Southeast Asia in 1967– Force, Somalia. While it can be said he never single 1968 flying the F–4 with the 8th Tac- Colonel Bishop is a native of the handedly moved the world around, tical Fighter Wing at Ubon Royal Thai great state of Alabama and a distin- Fair-B certainly participated in many Air Force Base, Thailand. He left ac- guished graduate of Jacksonville State worthwhile events that did. As a result, tive duty in 1969 and joined the Air Na- University, Jacksonville, Alabama in those who knew him well can look tional Guard in 1970. He held various 1972, and commissioned as a Second back over his busy years and say, ‘‘Not positions with the South Dakota Air Lieutenant of Infantry. Later, he too shabby, old son, not too shabby.’’ ∑ National Guard before becoming the earned a Master of Business Adminis- f Adjutant General. He was recalled to tration, MBA, in Business Administra- active duty as director of the Air Na- tion in 1982, from Florida Institute of IN APPRECIATION FOR MAJOR tional Guard from 1988 until 1994. Gen- Technology, and is a graduate of the GENERAL PHILIP G. KILLEY eral Killey was the first Guardsman to Industrial College of Armed Forces at ∑ Mr. JOHNSON. Madam President, serve as commander, 1st Air Force, Air Fort McNair, Washington, D.C. today I express appreciation for the Combat Command, and Continental Colonel Bishop’s military decora- work that Major General Philip G. United States North American Aero- tions include the Defense Superior Killey has done as the Adjutant Gen- space Defense Command Region, Tyn- Service Medal, Army Meritorious Serv- eral for the South Dakota National dall Air Force Base, Florida from 1994 ice Medal with five oak leaf clusters, a Guard. Today, General Killey and other until 1998. Joint Service Commendation Medal, members of the National Guard come I commend General Killey for his Army Commendation Medal with three up to the Capitol for their annual trip many years of service, and thank him oak leaf clusters, the Army Achieve- to Washington, and I wanted to take for all that he has done for this nation ment Medal, the United Nations Serv- this time to thank the general for the and for our great state of South Da- ice Medal, and the Army Humanitarian terrific leadership he has provided to kota.∑ Service Medal. Throughout his career, the Guard over the past four years. f Colonel Bishop has brought astute General Killey reports that South judgment, bold recommendations and TRIBUTE TO COLONEL EDWARD D. Dakota has continued its high selfless service to our Army. rankings in terms of readiness of its BISHOP Mr. President, Colonel Bishop de- Guard and Reserve units. South Dako- ∑ Mr. SESSIONS. Madam President, it serves the thanks and praise of the na- ta’s units are also tops in the Nation in has come to my attention that Colonel tion that he faithfully served for so the quality of its new recruits. I com- Edward D. Bishop is retiring after 30 long. I know the Members of the Sen- mend the South Dakota Guard for its years of exemplary active military ate will join me in wishing him, his continued excellence, and General service in the United States Army. He wife, Linda, two sons, Ryan and Troy, Killey for his leadership, which has led served his country with dignity, honor, their daughter-in-law Sonya, and their to the maintenance of this high stand- courage and integrity. lovely grandson Dylan, all the best in ard. National rankings only confirm Colonel Bishop is concluding his ca- the years ahead.∑ the quality that has come to be ex- reer as the Chief, Congressional Af- f pected of the Guard and Reserve of a fairs, U.S. Army Materiel Command, great State. AMC, from August 2000 to May 2002. TRIBUTE TO ROBERT HODGES, Most South Dakotans know at least The Colonel’s extraordinary insight THE OLDEST AMERICAN VETERAN one of the 4,500 current members of the into congressional affairs has greatly ∑ Mr. EDWARDS. Madam President, South Dakota Guard and Reserves or assisted the United States Army Mate- today I pay tribute to an incredible the thousands of former Guardsmen riel Command with the tough before North Carolinian, Mr. Robert Hodges. and Reservists. Sometimes, the connec- the United States Congress. AMC is the On Friday, the Department of Vet- tion is even more direct. Before joining one place in the Army where tech- erans Affairs will host a ceremony in the Army, my oldest son Brooks was a nology, acquisition, and logistics are Pamlico County and officially recog- member of the South Dakota Army integrated to assure Army readiness. nize Mr. Hodges as the oldest American Guard in Yankton. Colonel Bishop as the Chief, Congres- veteran. According to VA records, Mr. Almost every community in my sional Affairs, AMC was able to work Hodges celebrated his 111th birthday State benefits from the work of these the hard issues for the Army in order last June. But if you ask Mr. Hodges, Guardsmen. Following the tragedies of for AMC to continue to sustain the na- he’ll tell you he is actually 114 years September 11, Guardsmen were called tion’s defense industrial base. old. to assist in the campaign against ter- Ed Bishop is a world-class logistician As remarkable as his age is, it’s not rorism and have performed security du- who served our nation in numerous how long he’s lived, but how he has ties at airports around the state. From logistical assignments throughout his lived those 111 or 114 years that is so Aberdeen to Yankton, the Guard and career. From January 1996 to August inspiring. Reserves are active members of the 2000, he was assigned as the Director of Mr. Hodges is truly an example of liv- South Dakota community. the United States Central Command, ing history. His life has been touched In addition to the support the Guard CENTCOM, Liaison Office. He was the by almost every struggle this nation and Reserves give to South Dakota, commands representative to the Office has endured. He was born in 1888, the they have also supported overseas oper- of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint same year Benjamin Harrison was ations including those in Central Staff, the Service Staffs, Congress, and elected President. His father, a run- America, the Middle East, Europe, and numerous Federal Agencies on polit- away slave who lived to be 112 years Asia. The South Dakota Air Guard per- ical-military, operational, and logistics old, often told him stories of the Civil formed admirably in their deployment issues affecting 25 countries in South- War. He grew up on a former planta- to the ‘‘no-fly zone’’ over Iraq late last west Asia, Central Asia, and Horn of tion in Beaufort County. He was never year. Africa. offered the chance for a formal edu- These latest activities, and the pro- Ed’s other assignments included Di- cation, so he helped his mother and fa- fessionalism that our South Dakota vision Chief in the Joint Logistics and ther raise corn, cotton and peanuts on Guardsmen have shown, are a testi- Security Assistance Directorate from land that just decades before had been mony to the leadership of General June 1993 to January 1996. During this tended by slaves. Killey. Before becoming the Adjutant period, he negotiated host nation sup- Shortly after America entered World General in 1998, General Killey served port agreements with selected Gulf War I, Mr. Hodges volunteered to serve with distinction in both the active countries, monitored the readiness of his country. Mr. Hodges was one of duty Air Force and in the South Da- prepositioned materiel, and provided nearly 20,000 African-American soldiers kota National Guard. interface with CENTCOM and the Joint from North Carolina, men dedicated to

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1598 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 protecting a nation that treated them could miss school and attend the at 2829 Commercial Way in Rock Springs, as second-class citizens at best. Mili- events of Tater Day. For many years, Wyoming, as the ‘‘Teno Roncalio Post Office tary life offered no escape from the Johnson even drove his stagecoach to Building.’’ racism and segregation of civilian life, the parade for the sake of tradition, The message also announced that the but Mr. Hodges didn’t let that deter but now this item stands in a glassed- House has agreed to the following con- him. He served his country with dis- in enclosure at the rear of his home, current resolutions, in which it re- tinction as a medical corpsman, ord- where school children often come to quests the concurrence of the Senate: nance technician and supplymaster. learn about modes of transportation H. Con. Res. 338. Concurrent resolution au- Mr. Hodges even became friends with from the past. Ulus Johnson has been a thorizing the printing as a House document General John ‘‘Black Jack’’ Pershing, vital figure for the Tater Day Parade of a collection of memorial tributes made in commander of the U.S. Allied Expedi- almost his entire life and will certainly honor of the late Gerald Solomon. tionary Force. do a great job carrying on its tradition H. Con. Res. 305. Concurrent resolution per- mitting the use of the Rotunda of the Cap- Following his service, he returned and legacy. itol for a ceremony to present a gold medal home to his mother and father’s farm. I once again congratulate Mr. John- on behalf of Congress to former President He married Malinda, and despite the son for this honor and wish him and Ronald Reagan and his wife Nancy Reagan. economic hard times, the two eventu- the rest of the participants a glorious The message further announced that ∑ ally saved enough money to buy their Tater Day. pursuant to section 2(a) of the National own land and build a home in Stone- f Cultural Center Act (20 U.S.C. 76h(a)), wall. He and Malinda had eight chil- amended by Public Law 107–117, the dren. Sadly, after more than 50 years of MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT Speaker appoints the following Mem- marriage, Malinda died in 1997. Messages from the President of the bers of the House of Representatives to Time has not touched his incredible United States were communicated to the Board of Trustees of the John F. spirit. In fact, if you ask him to, he can the Senate by Ms. Evans, one of his Kennedy Center for the Performing still describe his feelings at the mo- secretaries. Arts: Ms. PRYCE of Ohio and Mr. KEN- ment he heard an orderly shout to the NEDY of Rhode Island. front lines ‘‘The war is over!″ f Several years ago, a reporter cov- EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED At 10:55 a.m., a message from the ering a Veteran’s Day celebration in As in executive session the Presiding House of Representatives, delivered by Stonewall asked Mr. Hodges why it was Ms. Niland, one of its reading clerks, so important for him to tell his story. Officer laid before the Senate messages from the President of the United announced that the House has agreed Mr. Hodges replied because ‘‘so many to the amendments of the Senate to people . . . didn’t get to come home.’’ States submitting a withdrawal and sundry nominations which were re- the bill (H.R. 622) to amend the Inter- Mr. Hodges’ story is remarkable. He nal Revenue Code 1986 to expand the overcame discrimination and prejudice ferred to the appropriate committees. (The nominations received today are adoption credit, and for other purposes, and served his country with honor. He with amendments to Senate amend- raised a loving family and has become printed at the end of the Senate pro- ceedings.) ments pursuant to House Resolution a pillar of his church and community. 347, in which it requests the concur- I am proud to help tell his story of f rence of the Senate. service and patriotism today, and I’m PRESIDENTIAL MESSAGE Under the authority of the order of certain it will serve as an inspiration the Senate of January 3, 2001, the Sec- ∑ Under the authority of the order of to all of us. retary of the Senate, on today March 6, the Senate of January 3, 2001, the Sec- f 2002, during the recess of the Senate, retary of the Senate, on March 5, 2002, received a message from the House of CONGRATULATIONS TO ULUS during the recess of the Senate, re- Representatives announcing that the JOHNSON OF SYMSONIA, KEN- ceived the following message from the House has passed the following bill, TUCKY President of the United States, to- without amendment: ∑ Mr. BUNNING. Madam President, gether with the accompanying papers; today I congratulate Ulus Johnson of which was referred as indicated: S. 1857. An act to encourage the negotiated settlement of tribal claims. Symsonia, KY on being named by the PM–72. A message from the President of Benton Kiwanis Club this year’s Grand the United States, received during adjourn- f Marshal of events for the annual Tater ment, transmitting, pursuant to law, a re- Day Parade. port to facilitate positive adjustment to ENROLLED BILL SIGNED Mr. Johnson, who was with the Navy competition from imports of certain steel At 6:03 p.m., a message from the Seabees during WWII and served 28 products; to the Committee on Finance. House of Representatives, delivered by months in the South Pacific, is be- To the Congress of the United States: Mr. Hays, one of its reading clerks an- lieved to be the first non-Marshall In accordance with section 203(b) of nounced that the Speaker has signed Countian ever to be named Grand Mar- the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (the the following enrolled bill: shal in he Parade’s 159 years of exist- ‘‘Act’’), I hereby transmit documents S. 1857. An act to encourage the negotiated ence. Like Mr. Johnson, Tater Day has to the Congress that describe the safe- settlement of tribal claims. survived the various twists and turns guard action that I have proclaimed on of history. During the 1950s and 1960s, imports of certain steel products, pur- f many believed the parade was on the suant to the authority vested in me by MEASURES REFERRED brink of being canceled. But with the section 203(a)(1) of the Act and as The following bill was read the first help of friends, Ulus Johnson was able President of the United States, and the and the second times by unanimous to revive the tradition of Tater Day for reasons for taking that action. consent, and referred as indicated: future generations. GEORGE W. BUSH. Tater Day has its origins on the first THE WHITE HOUSE, March 5, 2002. H.R. 3789. An act to designate the facility Monday in April because this day also of the United States Postal Service located f at 2829 Commercial Way in Rock Springs, happened to be County Court Day and MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE Wyoming, as the ‘‘Teno Roncalio Post Office a good time for farmers to gather from Building’’; to the Committee on Govern- across Kentucky in Benton to stock up At 10:49 a.m., a message from the mental Affairs. on supplies, including sweet potatoes, House of Representatives, delivered by The following concurrent resolution for the upcoming planting season. They Ms. Niland, one of its reading clerks, was read, and referred as indicated: could also visit with neighbors, swap announced that the House has passed H. Con. Res. 338. Concurrent resolution au- horses, dogs, knives and more than a the following bill, in which it requests thorizing the printing as a House document few quality stories and tales. Johnson the concurrence of the Senate: of a collection of memorial tributes made in vividly remembers pretending to be ill H.R. 3789. An act to designate the facility honor of the late Gerald Solomon; to the on this day as a young boy so that he of the United States Postal Service located Committee on Rules and Administration.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1599 INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND 540, a bill to amend the Internal Rev- lina (Mr. HELMS), the Senator from JOINT RESOLUTIONS enue Code of 1986 to allow as a deduc- South Dakota (Mr. JOHNSON), the Sen- The following bills and joint resolu- tion in determining adjusted gross in- ator from Louisiana (Ms. LANDRIEU), tions were introduced, read the first come the deduction for expenses in and the Senator from Washington (Mrs. and second times by unanimous con- connection with services as a member MURRAY) were added as cosponsors of sent, and referred as indicated: of a reserve component of the Armed S. 1394, a bill to amend title XVIII of Forces of the United States, to allow the Social Security Act to repeal the By Mrs. MURRAY (for herself, Mrs. BOXER, Ms. CANTWELL, and Mr. employers a credit against income tax medicare outpatient rehabilitation CORZINE): with respect to employees who partici- therapy caps. S. 1990. A bill to establish a public edu- pate in the military reserve compo- S. 1607 cation awareness program relating to emer- nents, and to allow a comparable credit At the request of Mr. ROCKEFELLER, gency contraception; to the Committee on for participating reserve component the name of the Senator from Virginia Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. self-employed individuals, and for (Mr. ALLEN) was added as a cosponsor By Mr. HOLLINGS (for himself, Mr. other purposes. of S. 1607, a bill to amend title XVIII of BIDEN, Mr. BREAUX, Mr. CARPER, Mr. S. 813 CLELAND, Mrs. CLINTON, Mr. CORZINE, the Social Security Act to provide cov- Mr. DURBIN, Mrs. HUTCHISON, Mr. At the request of Mr. SANTORUM, the erage of remote monitoring services JEFFORDS, Mr. KENNEDY, Mr. KERRY, name of the Senator from New Jersey under the medicare program. Mr. LEAHY, Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. ROCKE- (Mr. TORRICELLI) was added as a co- S. 1739 FELLER, Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. STEVENS, sponsor of S. 813, a bill to amend title At the request of Mr. CLELAND, the Mr. TORRICELLI, Mr. REID, and Mrs. XVIII of the Social Security Act to in- name of the Senator from Louisiana FEINSTEIN): crease payments under the medicare (Mr. BREAUX) was added as a cosponsor S. 1991. To establish a national rail pas- program to Puerto Rico hospitals. senger transportation system, reauthorize of S. 1739, a bill to authorize grants to Amtrak, improve security and service on S. 999 improve security on over-the-road Amtrak, and for other purposes; to the Com- At the request of Mr. BINGAMAN, the buses. mittee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor- name of the Senator from Arkansas S. 1899 tation. (Mr. HUTCHINSON) was added as a co- At the request of Mr. BROWNBACK, the By Mr. KENNEDY (for himself, Mr. sponsor of S. 999, a bill to amend title name of the Senator from Montana BINGAMAN, Mr. CORZINE , Mrs. BOXER, 10, United States Code, to provide for a Mr. DASCHLE, Mr. HARKIN, Ms. MIKUL- (Mr. BURNS) was added as a cosponsor Korea Defense Service Medal to be of S. 1899, a bill to amend title 18, SKI, Mr. REED, Mrs. CLINTON, and Mr. issued to members of the Armed Forces DURBIN): United States Code, to prohibit human S. 1992. A bill to amend the Employee Re- who participated in operations in cloning. Korea after the end of the Korean War. tirement Income Security Act of 1974 to im- S. 1917 prove diversification of plan assets for par- S. 1007 At the request of Mr. JEFFORDS, the ticipants in individual account plans, to im- At the request of Mr. REID, the name names of the Senator from Utah (Mr. prove disclosure, account access, and ac- of the Senator from Alaska (Mr. MUR- BENNETT) and the Senator from North countability under individual account plans, KOWSKI) was added as a cosponsor of S. Dakota (Mr. CONRAD) were added as co- and for other purposes; to the Committee on 1007, a bill to amend the Internal Rev- Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. sponsors of S. 1917, a bill to provide for enue Code of 1986 to treat gold, silver, By Mrs. CARNAHAN: highway infrastructure investment at and platinum, in either coin or bar S. 1993. A bill to authorize a military con- the guaranteed funding level contained form, in the same manner as stocks struction project for the construction of a in the Transportation Equity Act for Weapons of Mass Destruction Responder and bonds for purposes of the max- the 21st Century. Training Facility at Fort Leonard Wood, imum capital gains rate for individ- Missouri; to the Committee on Armed Serv- uals. S. RES. 109 ices. S. 1062 At the request of Mr. REID, the By Mr. KERRY (for himself and Mr. At the request of Mr. DURBIN, the names of the Senator from Massachu- BOND): setts (Mr. KERRY), the Senator from S. 1994. A bill to establish a priority pref- name of the Senator from Connecticut West Virginia (Mr. ROCKEFELLER), the erence among certain small business con- (Mr. DODD) was added as a cosponsor of cerns for purposes of Federal contracts, and S. 1062, a bill to amend the Public Senator from Vermont (Mr. JEFFORDS), for other purposes; to the Committee on Health Service Act to promote organ the Senator from Arkansas (Mrs. LIN- Small Business and Entrepreneurship. donation and facilitate interstate link- COLN), and the Senator from Oregon By Ms. SNOWE (for herself, Mr. FRIST, age and 24-hour access to State donor (Mr. SMITH) were added as cosponsors Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. ENZI, Ms. COLLINS, registries, and for other purposes. of S. Res. 109, a resolution designating Mr. HAGEL, Mr. DEWINE, and Mr. S. 1140 the second Sunday in the month of De- GREGG): cember as ‘‘National Children’s Memo- At the request of Mr. HATCH, the S. 1995. A bill to prohibit discrimination on rial Day’’ and the last Friday in the the basis of genetic information with respect name of the Senator from Alaska (Mr. month of April as ‘‘Children’s Memo- to health insurance and employment; to the MURKOWSKI) was added as a cosponsor Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and of S. 1140, a bill to amend chapter 1 of rial Flag Day.’’ Pensions. title 9, United States Code, to provide S. RES. 132 f for greater fairness in the arbitration At the request of Mr. CAMPBELL, the name of the Senator from Virginia (Mr. SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND process relating to motor vehicle fran- ALLEN) was added as a cosponsor of S. SENATE RESOLUTIONS chise contracts. S. 1286 Res. 132, a resolution recognizing the The following concurrent resolutions At the request of Mrs. CARNAHAN, the social problem of child abuse and ne- and Senate resolutions were read, and name of the Senator from Maine (Ms. glect, and supporting efforts to en- referred (or acted upon), as indicated: SNOWE) was added as a cosponsor of S. hance public awareness of it. By Mr. DASCHLE (for himself, Mr. 1286, a bill to provide for greater access S. RES. 206 LOTT, Mr. REID, and Mr. ENSIGN): to child care services for Federal em- At the request of Mr. MURKOWSKI, the S. Res. 217. A resolution relative to the name of the Senator from Alaska (Mr. death of the Honorable Howard W. Cannon, ployees. formerly a Senator from the State of Ne- S. 1335 STEVENS) was added as a cosponsor of vada; considered and agreed to. At the request of Mr. KENNEDY, the S. Res. 206, a resolution designating f name of the Senator from Vermont the week of March 17 through March (Mr. JEFFORDS) was added as a cospon- 23, 2002 as ‘‘National Inhalants and Poi- ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS sor of S. 1335, a bill to support business son Prevention Week.’’ S. 540 incubation in academic settings. S. RES. 207 At the request of Mr. DEWINE, the S. 1394 At the request of Mr. BINGAMAN, the name of the Senator from Indiana (Mr. At the request of Mr. ENSIGN, the names of the Senator from Delaware BAYH) was added as a cosponsor of S. names of the Senator from North Caro- (Mr. BIDEN), the Senator from North

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1600 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 Carolina (Mr. EDWARDS), and the Sen- that doctors routinely offer women of repro- (B) a recommendation regarding the use of ator from Nebraska (Mr. HAGEL) were ductive age a prescription for emergency such contraception in appropriate cases; and added as cosponsors of S. Res. 207, a contraceptive pills during their annual visit, (C) information explaining how to obtain resolution designating March 31, 2002, only 1 in 5 ob/gyns routinely discuss emer- copies of the information developed under gency contraception with their patients, sug- subsection (b), for distribution to the pa- and March 31, 2003, as ‘‘National Civil- gesting the need for greater provider and pa- tients of the providers. ian Conservation Corps Day.’’ tient education; (d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— S. RES. 215 (9) in light of their safety and efficacy, There is authorized to be appropriated to At the request of Mr. CLELAND, the both the American Medical Association and carry out this section, $10,000,000 for each of names of the Senator from New Mexico the American College of Obstetricians and fiscal years 2003 through 2007. Gynecologists have endorsed more wide- (Mr. BINGAMAN), the Senator from spread availability of emergency contracep- By Mr. HOLLINGS (for himself, Alaska (Mr. STEVENS), the Senator tive pills, and have recommended that dedi- Mr. BIDEN, Mr. BREAUX, Mr. from Arkansas (Mrs. LINCOLN), the Sen- cated emergency contraceptive products be CARPER, Mr. CLELAND, Mrs. ator from Louisiana (Mr. BREAUX), and available without a prescription; CLINTON, Mr. CORZINE, Mr. DUR- the Senator from South Dakota (Mr. (10) Healthy People 2010, published by the BIN, Mrs. HUTCHISON, Mr. JEF- JOHNSON) were added as cosponsors of Office of the Surgeon General, establishes a FORDS, Mr. KENNEDY, Mr. S. Res. 215, a resolution designating 10-year national public health goal of in- KERRY, Mr. LEAHY, Ms. MIKUL- the week beginning March 17, 2002, as creasing the proportion of health care pro- viders who provide emergency contraception SKI, Mr. ROCKEFELLER, Mr. ‘‘National Safe Place Week.’’ to their patients; and SCHUMER, Mr. STEVENS, Mr. At the request of Mr. CRAIG, the (11) public awareness campaigns targeting TORRICELLI, Mr. REID, and Mrs. name of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. women and health care providers will help FEINSTEIN): CLELAND) was added as a cosponsor of remove many of the barriers to emergency S. 1991. To establish a national rail S. Res. 215, supra. contraception and will help bring this impor- passenger transportation system, reau- f tant means of pregnancy prevention to thorize Amtrak, improve security and American women. service on Amtrak, and for other pur- STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED SEC. 3. EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION EDU- BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS CATION AND INFORMATION PRO- poses; to the Committee on Commerce, GRAMS. Science, and Transportation. By Mrs. MURRAY (for herself, (a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: Mr. HOLLINGS. Madam President, I Mrs. BOXER, Ms. CANTWELL, and (1) EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION.—The term rise today to introduce the National Mr. CORZINE): ‘‘emergency contraception’’ means a drug or Defense Rail Act on behalf of myself S. 1990. A bill to establish a public device (as the terms are defined in section and some 19 co-sponsors. This legisla- education awareness program relating 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic tion will establish a strong and effi- to emergency contraception; to the Act (21 U.S.C. 321)) that is— (A) used after sexual relations; and cient national passenger rail system. Committee on Health, Education, For far too long, we have neglected in- Labor, and Pensions. (B) prevents pregnancy, by preventing ovu- lation, fertilization of an egg, or implanta- vesting in our Nation’s passenger rail Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I tion of an egg in a uterus. system. We have taken an active re- ask unanimous consent that the text of (2) HEALTH CARE PROVIDER.—The term sponsibility in developing the infra- the bill be printed in the RECORD. ‘‘health care provider’’ means an individual structure of all other modes of trans- There being no objection, the bill was who is licensed or certified under State law portation, whether it has been feder- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as to provide health care services and who is ally funding the development of the follows: operating within the scope of such license. interstate highway system, subsidizing S. 1990 (3) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has airport construction, or taking the re- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- the same meaning given such term in section sponsibility for dredging harbors and resentatives of the United States of America in 1201(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 channels or building locks and dams. Congress assembled, (20 U.S.C. 1141(a)). Now it is time to build a world class SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. (4) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ passenger railroad system in the This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Emergency means the Secretary of Health and Human United States. We know it can be done. Contraception Education Act’’. Services. SEC. 2. FINDINGS. Japan and France provide two models (b) EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION PUBLIC of successful passenger railroad serv- Congress finds that— EDUCATION PROGRAM.— (1) each year, 3,000,000 pregnancies, or one (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting ice. The time to move ahead is now. We half of all pregnancies, in the United States through the Director of the Centers for Dis- cannot wait for highways and airports are unintended, and half of all of these unin- ease Control and Prevention, shall develop to become so clogged that they cannot tended pregnancies end in abortion; and disseminate to the public information on operate any longer. Rail systems are (2) the Food and Drug Administration has emergency contraception. not built in a day. We need to engage declared emergency contraception to be safe (2) DISSEMINATION.—The Secretary may in long-term planning to address future and effective in preventing unintended preg- disseminate information under paragraph (1) passenger transportation growth and nancy, reducing the risk by as much as 89 directly or through arrangements with non- show forethought in crafting transpor- percent; profit organizations, consumer groups, insti- (3) the most commonly used forms of emer- tutions of higher education, Federal, State, tation solutions—not wait for an im- gency contraception are regimens of ordi- or local agencies, clinics and the media. pending crisis. My legislation provides nary birth control pills taken within 72 (3) INFORMATION.—The information dis- the vision to begin to do this. hours of unprotected intercourse or contra- seminated under paragraph (1) shall include, The atrocious events of September ceptive failure; at a minimum, a description of emergency 11, 2001, and the aftermath which fol- (4) emergency contraception, also known contraception, and an explanation of the use, lowed, exposed the vulnerability of our as post-coital contraception, is a responsible safety, efficacy, and availability of such con- society and our economy when trans- means of preventing pregnancy that works traception. portation choices are limited and our like other hormonal contraception to delay (c) EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION INFORMA- mobility is diminished. In the after- ovulation, prevent fertilization or prevent TION PROGRAM FOR HEALTH CARE PRO- implantation; VIDERS.— math of the horrific attack on the (5) emergency contraception does not cause (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary, acting World Trade Center and the Pentagon, abortion and will not affect an established through the Administrator of the Health Re- we were forced to adjust to a transpor- pregnancy; sources and Services Administration and in tation system that was without access (6) it is estimated that the use of emer- consultation with major medical and public to aviation. That should make us all gency contraception could cut the number of health organizations, shall develop and dis- evaluate the problems inherent in a unintended pregnancies in half, thereby re- seminate to health care providers informa- policy that results in overall depend- ducing the need for abortion; tion on emergency contraception. ence on any one particular mode of (7) emergency contraceptive use is the (2) INFORMATION.—The information dis- United States remains low, and 9 in 10 seminated under paragraph (1) shall include, transportation. We need to have a more women of reproductive age remain unaware at a minimum— balanced system of transportation for of the method; (A) information describing the use, safety, passengers in this country. Our econ- (8) although the American College of Ob- efficacy and availability of emergency con- omy depends on it; our travelers de- stetricians and Gynecologists recommends traception; serve it; and our roads and airports

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1601 could operate more efficiently in a bal- railroads accounted for three-quarters Over the past 30 years, the lack of in- anced system. of the common carrier share of inter- vestment and attention to the needs of After the Federal Aviation Adminis- city traffic, with airplanes and buses passenger rail infrastructure has re- tration grounded all flights following sharing the remaining quarter of traf- sulted in a weak passenger rail net- the terrorist attacks on September 11, fic. However, with national focus work, and has caused a strain on the 2001, travelers flocked to Amtrak. turned to aviation and highways, by capacity of other modes of transpor- Whether people had to travel for busi- the late 1960s most rail companies were tation in many areas of the country. ness, to help with rescue efforts, or just petitioning the Government to dis- The Amtrak Reform and Account- to get home, Amtrak kept our Amer- continue passenger services because of ability Act of 1997, and preceding stat- ican citizens moving during a time of losses. utes, resulted in creating conflicting national emergency. Amtrak was created as a Federal cor- missions for Amtrak: serve a public The situation not only proved that poration in order to relieve the rail- function by operating unprofitable Amtrak works, but that passenger rail road industry of these unprofitable pas- long-distance routes, but also attempt is a critical part of our transportation senger operations, and in the interest to operate at a profit. To add insult to infrastructure during a national emer- of maintaining a national passenger injury, Amtrak has been forced to gency or security crisis. Amtrak pro- rail network. But in retrospect, Am- delay capital improvement projects vided a critical transportation link, trak was set up not to thrive and ex- having important long-term benefits in carrying 35,000 passengers along the pand passenger rail service, but really order to attempt to meet the mandate Northeast corridor every day, and hun- to just maintain the status quo of 30 of the 1997 Act. Congress passed this dreds of extra carloads of mail for the years ago. That attitude persists even misguided law in 1997, requiring Am- U.S. Postal Office in the days following today. Since 1971, Amtrak has received trak to operate without government the terrorist attacks. only $25 billion in public subsidies; dur- support by the end of fiscal year 2002. Transportation security—an essen- ing that period, the United States in- But there is no truly national pas- tial part of our national security—re- vested $750 billion on highways and senger train service in the world that quires a balanced and competitive sys- aviation. makes a profit. Requiring Amtrak to tem of transportation alternatives. In So one problem becomes all too make a profit has forced the railroad to September, we found that our depend- clear—that U.S. passenger rail infra- forgo long-term capital investments in ence on the aviation system almost structure has no stable funding source favor of short-term, bond payment crippled us. We cannot afford to rely on in contrast to highways, aviation, and shell games. Instead of investing in any single mode of transportation; we transit. In fact, per capita spending on modern trains and infrastructure up- need to ensure that we have a balanced passenger rail is much lower than grades, Amtrak was forced to mortgage system that includes a sound passenger many other countries: the U.S. ranks Penn Station just to pay the electric rail system. We also know that pas- behind Britain, France, Japan, Canada, bill. senger railroads use less fuel per pas- Luxembourg, Austria, Switzerland, From this, it is evident that we need senger mile than highway vehicles and Belgium, Sweden, Denmark, Italy, Ire- to reevaluate our Nation’s rail pas- commercial airlines. During these land, Spain, Norway, Czech Republic, senger policy, and clearly define a role times of oil-consciousness, a larger Finland, Slovakia, Portugal, Poland, for Amtrak. A strong Federal role was presence of passenger rail in our trans- South Africa, Greece, and Estonia. required to establish the interstate portation system would reduce our Na- Imagine that of the 23 industrialized highway system and the Federal avia- tion’s dependence on foreign oil. nations with rail service, we are at the tion network. And now Federal invest- Passenger railroads, the interstate bottom. Including these countries, no ment in passenger rail infrastructure is highway system, and our national avia- passenger rail service in the world has critical; once again, Federal leadership tion network have all taken different built and operated a passenger rail sys- is required to address the needs of a re- paths to their current roles in our na- tem at a profit. All have required Gov- liable, safe, secure passenger rail net- tional transportation system. The tales ernment support for construction and work. of their development stand in quite a maintenance, or operating support, or This legislation provides a blueprint stark contrast from each other. both. That same principle holds true for the future of passenger rail in the The interstate highway system has for highways and aviation, which have United States. The bill will help de- received significant attention and fed- required substantial Federal spending velop high-speed rail corridors, which eral funding since the construction of since their beginning and continue to are the building blocks for a national the Lincoln Highway in 1913 and the receive generous Federal subsidies passenger rail system. This will allow Rural Post Roads Act of 1916, and later today. regional transportation solutions to during World War II with the Federal Those who want passenger rail to op- play a part in the national system. It Highway Act of 1944. It was not until erate without Federal assistance—ulti- will also aid in the development of 1956, however, that the Government mately forcing more travelers onto short distance corridors between larger began heavily promoting highway cars, buses and airplanes—argue that urban centers, as well as provide fund- transportation with the passage of the we should not ‘‘subsidize’’ passenger ing to preserve longer distance routes Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956. The rail. But we subsidize the building of for those communities that do not have act established a Highway Trust Fund roads and highways with tax dollars. the population densities to merit air based upon Federal user taxes, in order We subsidize the building of airports service—sometimes the train is their to finance up to 90 percent of State and pay for all of the equipment and only alternative to driving. Finally, it construction costs of the $25 billion people needed to run our air traffic will provide Amtrak with the tools and plan to pay for new roads, and the con- control system. We consider those sub- funding it needs to operate efficiently. struction of the Eisenhower National sidies to be worthwhile investments in This legislation authorizes $1.255 bil- Interstate and Defense Highway Sys- our economy and our quality of life. We lion in emergency spending for Am- tem. must make the same investment to trak’s security and life safety needs. Similar policies and Federal atten- create a world-class passenger rail sys- Similar language was included in the tion for aviation resulted in a strength- tem in order to see the same kinds of Rail Security Act, S. 1550, which was ened infrastructure, and follows much benefits. favorably reported by the committee the same story of the highways system. While that argument should stand on on October 17, 2001. In that legislation, Passenger rail service was once a its own, here’s something the highway we authorized funds to be spent on im- vital instrument in the transportation and airline crowd can take to the bank: mediate rail security needs, such as needs of our Nation. For instance, dur- moving more short-haul travelers to hiring more police officers across the ing World War II, not only did the rail- rail service reduces congestion on our entire Amtrak system and modernizing roads transport 90 percent of all de- already overcrowded highways and the safety infrastructure of old tun- fense freight, but also 97 percent of all eases congestion at airports. It also nels. defense personnel on their way to thea- provides real competition to airlines This bill will give the Federal Gov- ters of action. By the end of the war, on short-haul trips. ernment the script for the role it needs

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1602 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 to play in establishing a national rail to repair and upgrade the track it owns strained to capacity. We should not passenger system. It would not require and operates in the Northeast corridor. wait until our current transportation any State contribution, and would give This corridor is a prime example of the problems reach epidemic proportions; preference to projects having right-of- benefits we can attain when there are our economy cannot afford it. way dedicated to passenger rail, involv- transportation choices for travelers. Madam President, I ask unanimous ing high-speed passenger service of 125 The Northeast corridor has become an consent that the bill and an outline of mph, although operations of 90 mph invaluable asset to our national trans- the finances of this bill be printed in speeds or more would be eligible for portation system, and it should not be the RECORD. funding, and those connecting to other left in disrepair. This bill authorizes There being no objection, the mate- modes of passenger transportation, in- funds to enable Amtrak to eliminate rial was ordered to be printed in the cluding airports. its capital backlog of projects, main- RECORD, as follows: The bill authorizes $1.5 billion annu- tain ongoing projects to capital infra- S. 1991 ally for corridor development. These structure, and improve capacity to ac- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- funds are needed for infrastructure ac- commodate projected growth in traffic. resentatives of the United States of America in quisition, highway-rail grade crossing It also allows Amtrak to reinvest reve- Congress assembled, improvement/elimination, acquisition nues from operations in the Northeast SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; AMENDMENT OF TITLE of rolling stock and track and signal corridor back into the backlog of cap- 49; TABLE OF CONTENTS. equipment. Development of a national ital infrastructure projects. (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as passenger rail system carries a high In a nutshell, this is our long term the ‘‘National Defense Rail Act’’. cost, and the Federal Government plan to make passenger rail a part of (b) AMENDMENT OF TITLE 49.—Except as otherwise expressly provided, whenever in must take the lead role in funding it. our balanced transportation system. this Act an amendment or repeal is ex- This bill will also fund $35 billion in But in the short run, we must make pressed in terms of an amendment to, or a loan guarantees. This money will dra- sure Amtrak’s financial foundation is repeal of, a section or other provision, the matically expand the current Railroad strong at a time when we are relying reference shall be considered to be made to a Rehabilitation & Infrastructure Fi- on them more than ever. Amtrak’s rid- section or other provision of title 49, United nancing loan and loan guarantee pro- ership has increased consistently, and States Code. gram. But we also must restructure they now carry over 22 million pas- (c) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of con- that program. Since it was created in sengers per year. This legislation will tents for this Act is as follows: 1998 as part of TEA–21 bill, the program give Amtrak the tools and funding Sec. 1. Short title; amendment of title 49; has processed only a few loans due to they need to create a modern, efficient table of contents. Sec. 2. Findings. unreasonable constraints imposed by passenger railroad. The bill reauthor- OMB. Our bill eliminates the artificial izes Amtrak for 5 years, and fully funds TITLE I—RAIL TRANSPORTATION SECURITY limits on loan amounts, impossible col- their capital needs and the operating lateral requirements, and unworkable Sec. 101. Amtrak security assistance. losses with respect to long-distance Sec. 102. Study of foreign rail transport se- loan cohort structures. service. curity programs. This bill identifies existing high- This legislation repeals the unreal- Sec. 103. Passenger, baggage, and cargo speed corridors in 29 States and the istic operating self-sufficiency require- screening. District of Columbia for priority con- ments. It also authorizes funding for Sec. 104. Rail security. sideration. Many of these corridors are compliance with environmental stand- Sec. 105. Rail transportation security risk in areas where people are now driving ards, and the Americans with Disabil- assessment. cars or taking airplanes on trips of 300 ities Act. TITLE II—INTERSTATE RAILROAD PAS- miles or less. In these areas, like the This legislation will further aid Am- SENGER HIGH-SPEED TRANSPOR- East Coast, travelers could take a trak to operate more efficiently. It will TATION SYSTEM high-speed train instead and arrive at require Amtrak to reinvest revenues Sec. 201. Interstate railroad passenger high- about the same time. But right now from non-passenger operations into speed transportation policy. they don’t have that rail option, and growth projects outside the Northeast Sec. 202. High-speed rail corridor planning. Sec. 203. Implemenation assistance. they won’t until we build it. corridor. It will require revenue from Sec. 204. Designated high-speed rail cor- The passenger railroad system that the Northeast corridor to be reinvested ridors. has worked well in the Northeast can into capital projects on the Northeast Sec. 205. Labor standards. work in other highly-congested areas corridor. Finally, it will require an an- Sec. 206. Railway-highway crossings in high- of the country: the South, the Midwest, nual independent audit of Amtrak, to speed rail corridors. California and the Northwest. Thirty be reviewed by the Department of Sec. 207. Authorization of appropriations. years ago, those areas did not have the Transportation’s Inspector General. TITLE III—NATIONAL RAILROAD population to support high-speed inter- I am pleased my colleagues have PASSENGER CORPORATION city rail. But today those areas are joined with me in sponsoring this bill. Sec. 301. National railroad passenger trans- growing by leaps and bounds. As the By developing passenger rail as part of portation system defined. highways in those areas clog up and a balanced transportation system, this Sec. 302. Extension of authorization. the planes run 3 hours late, their Gov- legislation will lead to the creation of Sec. 303. Additional Amtrak authorizations. jobs in the short run to stimulate our Sec. 304. Northeast Corridor authorizations. ernors—many of them Republicans— Sec. 305. Long distance trains. are asking us for help to build high economy. In the long run, high-speed Sec. 306. Short distance trains; State-sup- speed rail. rail corridors will become a key foun- ported routes. A short-term benefit of this legisla- dation for our national rail passenger Sec. 307. Re-establishment of Northeast Cor- tion will be stimulation of the econ- transportation system, which is crit- ridor Safety Committee. omy by providing jobs in developing ical to the strong backbone of a pros- Sec. 308. On-time performance. new corridors. This bill ensures that perous economy. Sec. 309. Amtrak board of directors. fair labor standards for all projects re- Like the interstate highway system, Sec. 310. Independent audit of Amtrak oper- ceiving funds under it, including pay- the benefits of passenger rail and Am- ations; review by DOT IG. ment of prevailing wages and allow- trak could be immeasurable, so we TITLE IV—MISCELLANEOUS ance of collective bargaining over wage have much at stake. While I have out- Sec. 401. Rehabilitation, improvement, and rates. lined an ambitious blueprint, I keep in security financing. Another immediate benefit will be mind that 50 years ago, the National Sec. 402. Rail passenger cooperative re- System of Interstate and Defense High- search program. the closing/improvement of highway- Sec. 403. Conforming amendments to title 49 rail grade crossings in high-speed rail ways was ‘‘pie in the sky.’’ Now our reflecting ICC Termination Act. corridors. Under this bill, funds are set successful Dwight D. Eisenhower Sys- Sec. 404. Applicability of reversion to Alas- aside specifically for these important tem of Interstate and Defense High- ka Railroad right-of-way prop- safety improvements. ways and national aviation network erty. This legislation will provide the nec- are used by many, so much that in SEC. 2. FINDINGS. essary funds of $1.31 billion for Amtrak many places they are congested and The Congress finds the following:

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1603 (1) Financial investment in passenger rail ability Act of 1997, Amtrak has been forced (1) $26,000,000 for tunnel, bridge, electric infrastructure is critical, and Federal leader- to delay capital improvement projects and traction, and tower security, including ship is required to address the needs of a reli- other projects which would produce long- closed circuit television cameras, vehicle able safe, secure passenger rail network, just term benefits. barriers, lighting, and fencing, of which as has been used in establishing the inter- (12) The Department of Transportation In- $19,725,000 shall be obligated or expended on state highway system and the Federal avia- spector General’s 2001 Assessment of Am- the Northeast Corridor and $6,275,000 shall be tion network. trak’s Financial Performance and Require- obligated or expended outside the Northeast (2) Lack of investment and attention to ments (Report #CR–2002–075) found that Am- Corridor. the needs of passenger rail infrastructure has trak’s most profitable operations are on the (2) $137,370,000 for interlocking security resulted in a weak passenger rail network, Northeast Corridor, where Federal invest- needs, including closed circuit television and has caused a strain on the capacity of ment in passenger rail infrastructure has cameras, lighting, fencing and vehicle bar- other modes of transportation in many areas been significantly higher than anywhere else riers, of which 50 percent shall be obligated of the country. According to the Department in the country. or expended on the Northeast Corridor and 50 of Transportation, in 1999 the cost of wasted (13) Federal investments in capital projects percent shall be obligated or expended out- time and extra fuel consumption due to to support passenger rail in areas other than side the Northeast Corridor. delays on congested roads was estimated at the Northeast Corridor would result in im- (3) $12,525,000 for equipment facility secu- $78 billion. proved service and increase profitability. rity, including closed circuit television cam- (3) Passenger rail is an integral part of the (14) The need for a balanced interstate and eras, lighting, and vehicle barriers, of which United States transportation system, and, as international transportation system that $4,175,000 shall be obligated or expended on can be evidenced in the Northeast Corridor, provides a viable alternative to travel by pri- the Northeast Corridor and $8,350,000 shall be relieves the pressures of congestion on high- vate automobile or commercial aircraft is obligated or expended outside the Northeast ways and at airports, and creates a more bal- particularly evident after the events of Sep- Corridor. anced system of transportation alternatives. tember 11, 2001. (4) $22,140,000 for yard and terminal secu- (4) Passenger rail service has been a vital (15) As a matter of national security, a rity, including closed circuit television cam- instrument in the transportation needs of strong passenger rail network would provide eras, lighting, fencing and vehicle barriers, our Nation. For instance, during World War travelers an alternative to highway and air of which $9,225,000 shall be obligated or ex- II, the privately owned, operated, and con- travel, which could lead to reduced United pended on the Northeast Corridor and structed railroad industry transported 90 States reliance on foreign oil imports. $12,915,000 shall be obligated or expended out- percent of all defense freight, and 97 percent (16) In fiscal year 2001, the United States side the Northeast Corridor. of all defense personnel transported to points spent less than 1 percent of all transpor- (5) $2,940,000 for mail and express facilities of embarkation for theaters of action. By the tation modal spending on intercity passenger security, including closed circuit television end of the war, railroads accounted for three rail, and since 1998, Amtrak has received cameras, lighting, fencing, and vehicle bar- quarters of the share of the common carrier only $4.59 billion of the $8.42 billion it has riers, of which $1,470,000 shall be obligated or share of intercity traffic, with airplanes and been authorized to receive by Congress. expended on the Northeast Corridor and buses sharing the remaining quarter of traf- (17) Passenger rail in the United States has $1,470,000 shall be obligated or expended out- fic. no stable funding source, in contrast to high- side the Northeast Corridor. (5) Significant attention and Federal fund- ways, aviation, and transit. (6) $20,125,000 for station security, includ- ing were required to construct the Eisen- (18) Per capita spending on passenger rail ing closed circuit television cameras, x-ray hower System of Interstate and Defense is much higher in other countries than the machines, lighting, fencing and vehicle bar- Highways. The Federal Aid Highway Act of United States and, in fact, the United States riers, of which $7,000,000 shall be obligated or 1956 established a Highway Trust Fund based ranks behind other countries including Can- expended on the Northeast Corridor and upon Federal user taxes in order to finance ada, Japan, France, Great Britain, Italy, $13,125,000 shall be obligated or expended out- up to 90 percent of the costs of the $25 billion Spain, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, Swe- side the Northeast Corridor. dollar highway construction plan. den, Luxembourg, Denmark, Ireland, Nor- (7) $538,000 for employee identification sys- (6) Federal policies with respect to invest- way, the Czech Republic, Finland, Slovakia, tems, including improved technology for ment in aviation resulted in a strengthened Portugal, Poland, South Africa, Greece, and badges issued to employees and visitors con- aviation industry and the rapid development Estonia. trolled through a centralized database. of air passenger service, and by the late (19) The United States needs to engage in (8) $75,000 for bomb-resistant trash con- 1960’s most rail companies were petitioning long-term planning to foster and address fu- tainers, of which 50 percent shall be obli- the Government to discontinue passenger ture passenger transportation growth and gated or expended on the Northeast Corridor services because of losses. show forethought regarding transportation and 50 percent shall be obligated or expended (7) Amtrak was established in 1971 by the solutions rather than be forced to act due to outside the Northeast Corridor. Rail Passenger Service Act of 1970 to provide an impending crisis. (9) $5,800,000 for a passenger information passenger rail services in the United States (20) It is in the national interest to pre- retrieval system to capture security infor- as a public service; at the time of Amtrak’s serve passenger rail service in the United mation, create watchlists, and an online his- formation, freight railroads were losing States and to maintain the solvency of the tory of passengers, of which 50 percent shall money on unprofitable passenger rail oper- National Railroad Passenger Corporation. be obligated or expended on the Northeast ations. Since 1971 Amtrak has received only (21) Long-term planning and support for Corridor and 50 percent shall be obligated or $25 billion in public subsidies; during that pe- passenger rail will help offset the emerging expended outside the Northeast Corridor. riod, the United States invested $750 billion problems created by transportation conges- (10) $6,200,000 for an incident tracking sys- on highways and aviation. tion, and contribute to a cleaner and more tem to create and maintain an electronic (8) The Amtrak Reform and Accountability environmentally-friendly transportation sys- database of data on criminal and operational Act of 1997, and preceding statutes, resulted tem. incidents, of which 50 percent shall be obli- in creating conflicting missions for the Na- (22) A comprehensive re-evaluation of our gated or expended on the Northeast Corridor tional Railroad Passenger Corporation of nation’s rail passenger policy is required and and 50 percent shall be obligated or expended both serving a public function by operating a clearly defined role for Amtrak and a con- outside the Northeast Corridor. unprofitable long-distance routes while also nected rail passenger network must be estab- (11) $4,300,000 for upgrades to ticket kiosks attempting to operate at a profit. This pol- lished. for photo imaging for identification pur- icy has also restricted Amtrak’s profit po- (23) The Federal government must take the poses, of which 50 percent shall be obligated tential on the Northeast Corridor by lim- primary responsibility for developing na- or expended on the Northeast Corridor and 50 iting the capital expenditures to help defray tional railroad passenger transportation in- percent shall be obligated or expended out- other costs. frastructure, and help ensure that it func- side the Northeast Corridor. (9) Due to a lack of capital investment, the tions as an efficient network. Privatization (12) $16,750,000 for an incident command Northeast Corridor has accumulated a back- of the rail passenger industry in Great Brit- system to serve as a second command center log of repair needs, including life safety and ain has been disastrous and passenger service and a disaster recovery command site, of security needs. Investment in the capital has suffered overall. which $5,000,000 shall be obligated or ex- needs of the Northeast Corridor would result (24) The Nation should be afforded the op- pended on the Northeast Corridor and in capacity improvements which would re- portunity to receive safe, efficient, and cost- $11,750,000 shall be obligated or expended out- sult in greater utilization of the existing in- effective rail passenger services, taking into side the Northeast Corridor. frastructure. account all benefits to the Nation as a (13) $5,000,000 for train locator and tracking (10) The Department of Transportation In- whole. systems to provide GPS coordinates for all spector General’s 2001 Assessment of Am- TITLE I—RAIL TRANSPORTATION locomotives, of which 50 percent shall be ob- trak’s Financial Performance and Require- SECURITY ligated or expended on the Northeast Cor- ments (Report #CR–2002–075) found that Am- SEC. 101. AMTRAK SECURITY ASSISTANCE. ridor and 50 percent shall be obligated or ex- trak’s lack of available capital has impeded (a) INFRASTRUCTURE SECURITY.—The fol- pended outside the Northeast Corridor. its efforts to achieve financial goals. lowing amounts are authorized to be appro- (14) $120,000 for a notification system for (11) In order to attempt to meet the man- priated to the Secretary of Transportation integration of GPS information into the cen- date of the Amtrak Reform and Account- for the use of Amtrak for fiscal year 2003: tral computer systems, of which 50 percent

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1604 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 shall be obligated or expended on the North- (B) $3,000,000 for 2 mobile emergency com- retary may have for implementing a rail se- east Corridor and 50 percent shall be obli- mand and communication units and rapid re- curity screening program to the Committee gated or expended outside the Northeast Cor- sponse teams, 1 to be located in the Midwest on Commerce, Science, and Transportation ridor. and 1 on the West Coast. of the Senate and the Committee on Trans- (15) $1,245,000 for mail and express ship- (C) $651,000 for 200 to 400 radioactive mate- portation and Infrastructure of the House of ment software to identify each shipment rial detectors to be deployed system-wide, of Representatives one year after the date of positively before it is transported by rail, of which $231,000 is to be obligated or expended enactment of this Act. which $405,000 shall be obligated or expended on the Northeast Corridor and $420,000 is to (b) PILOT PROGRAM.—As part of the study on the Northeast Corridor and $840,000 shall be obligated or expended outside the North- under subsection (a), the Secretary shall be obligated or expended outside the North- east Corridor. conduct a pilot program of random security east Corridor. (D) $4,000,000 for hand-held bomb detectors screening of passengers and baggage at 5 of (16) $1,211,000 for mail and express tracking for use by police to inspect baggage and the 10 busiest passenger rail stations served deployment to identify the status of each packages. by Amtrak (measured by the average number rail shipment. (E) $1,400,000 to screen express packages be- of boardings of Amtrak passenger trains) and (b) SECURITY OPERATIONS.—The following fore being placed on trains. at up to five additional rail stations served amounts are authorized to be appropriated (F) $1,305,000 for secure locking devices on by Amtrak that are selected by the Sec- to the Secretary of Transportation for the mail and express cars that have satellite- retary. In selecting the additional train sta- use of Amtrak for fiscal year 2003: monitoring capability. tions the Secretary shall attempt to achieve (1) $354,000 for hiring 4 police officers, each (G) $10,234,000 for video recording systems a distribution of participating stations in of whom is to be dedicated to a specific re- on road locomotives, of which $4,859,000 is to terms of geographic location and size. gion of the United States, to provide intel- be obligated or expended on the Northeast SEC. 104. RAIL SECURITY. ligence-gathering and analysis, conduct Corridor and $5,375,000 is to be obligated or (a) SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION.—Sec- crime-mapping assessments throughout the expended outside the Northeast Corridor. entire system, work with law enforcement to tion 20103(a) is amended by striking ‘‘safety’’ (H) $6,712,000 to acquire and install sat- and inserting ‘‘safety, including the security prevent terrorist acts and reduce Amtrak’s ellite-based technology to shut down any lo- vulnerability, of which 50 percent shall be of railroad operations,’’. comotive that is not under the control of its obligated or expended on the Northeast Cor- (b) RAIL POLICE OFFICERS.—Section 28101 is crew. ridor and 50 percent shall be obligated or ex- amended by striking ‘‘the rail carrier’’ each (I) $4,320,000 to install 10 new communica- pended outside the Northeast Corridor. place it appears and inserting ‘‘any rail car- tions stations to enable radio communica- (2) $10,411,000 for the hiring of 150 patrol of- rier’’. tions in remote locations and 12 satellite re- ficers and 48 specialized personnel, of whom (c) REVIEW OF RAIL REGULATIONS.—Within ceivers. 101 would be deployed on the Northeast Cor- 180 days after the date of enactment of this (J) $4,000,000 for 4 self-propelled high-speed ridor and 97 outside the Northeast Corridor. Act, the Secretary of Transportation, in con- rail cars designated for selective patrol and (3) $11,292,000 for the hiring of 250 security sultation with the Federal Railroad Admin- enforcement functions, including critical in- officers, of whom 147 would be deployed on istration’s Rail Safety Advisory Committee, the Northeast Corridor and 103 outside the cident response, dignitary protection, and shall review existing rail regulations of the Northeast Corridor. roving rail security inspections. Department of Transportation for the pur- (4) $1,828,000 for the hiring of 20 canine (2) ALLOCATION.—Except as provided in pose of identifying areas in which those reg- bomb teams, of which 14 are to be deployed subparagraphs (B), (C), and (G) of paragraph ulations need to be revised to improve rail outside the Northeast Corridor and 10 are to (1), 50 percent of any amounts appropriated safety and security. be deployed to mail and express facilities. pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be obligated SEC. 105. RAIL TRANSPORTATION SECURITY RISK (5) $30,761,000 for 90 infrastructure security or expended on the Northeast Corridor and 50 ASSESSMENT. inspectors to inspect the rights-of-way, percent of such amounts shall be obligated (a) IN GENERAL.— bridges, buildings, tunnels, communications or expended outside the Northeast Corridor. (1) ASSESSMENT.—The Secretary of Trans- and signaling equipment, fencing, gates, bar- (d) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Amounts ap- portation shall assess the security risks as- riers, lighting, catenary system, and other propriated pursuant to subsections (a), (b), sociated with rail transportation and develop security features, of which $21,000,000 is to be and (c) shall remain available until ex- prioritized recommendations for— obligated or expended on the Northeast Cor- pended. (A) improving the security of rail tunnels, ridor and $10,000,000 is to be obligated or ex- (e) PROHIBITION ON USE OF EQUIPMENT FOR rail bridges, rail switching areas, and other pended outside the Northeast Corridor. EMPLOYMENT-RELATED PURPOSES.—An em- areas identified by the Secretary as posing (6) $2,990,000 to expand aviation capabilities ployer may not use closed circuit television significant rail-related risks to public safety for security coverage and patrol capabilities, cameras purchased with amounts authorized and the movement of interstate commerce, including equipment, staff, and facilities, of by this section for employee disciplinary or taking into account the impact that any pro- which $997,000 is to be obligated or expended monitoring purposes unrelated to transpor- posed security measure might have on the on the Northeast Corridor and $1,993,000 is to tation security. provision of rail service; be obligated or expended outside the North- SEC. 102. STUDY OF FOREIGN RAIL TRANSPORT (B) the deployment of chemical and bio- east Corridor. SECURITY PROGRAMS. logical weapon detection equipment; (7) $1,095,000 for the leasing of 150 vehicles (a) REQUIREMENT FOR STUDY.—Not later (C) dealing with the immediate and long- and 10 bicycles to support patrol capabilities, than June 1, 2003, the Comptroller General term economic impact of measures that may of which $569,000 is to be obligated or ex- shall carry out a study of the rail passenger be required to address those risks; and pended on the Northeast Corridor and transportation security programs that are (D) training employees in terrorism re- $526,000 is to be obligated or expended out- carried out for rail transportation systems sponse activities. side the Northeast Corridor. in Japan, member nations of the European (2) EXISTING PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR (8) $669,000 for 6 management level posi- Union, and other foreign countries. EFFORTS.—The assessment shall include a re- tions with responsibility for direction, con- (b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of the study view of any actions already taken to address trol, implementation, and monitoring of se- shall be to identify effective rail transpor- identified security issues by both public and curity systems, including the deployment of tation security measures that are in use in private entities. the 250 security officers throughout the Am- foreign rail transportation systems, includ- (3) RAILROAD CROSSING DELAYS.—The Sec- trak system, of which $446,000 is to be obli- ing innovative measures and screening pro- retary shall include in the assessment an gated or expended on the Northeast Corridor cedures determined effective. analysis of the risks to public safety and to and $223,000 is to be obligated or expended (c) REPORT.—The Comptroller General the security of rail transportation that are outside the Northeast Corridor. shall submit a report on the results of the associated with long delays in the movement (9) $980,000 for applicant background inves- study to Congress. The report shall include of trains that have stopped on railroad grade tigations, of which 50 percent shall be obli- the Comptroller General’s assessment re- crossings of highways, streets, and other gated or expended on the Northeast Corridor garding whether it is feasible to implement roads for motor vehicle traffic, especially in and 50 percent shall be obligated or expended within the United States any of the same or major metropolitan areas. The Secretary outside the Northeast Corridor. similar security measures that are deter- shall include in the recommendations devel- (10) $457,000 for rapid response teams to re- mined effective under the study. oped under paragraph (1) recommended ac- spond to and prepare for on-site consequence SEC. 103. PASSENGER, BAGGAGE, AND CARGO tions for preventing such delays and reduc- management, all of which shall be obligated SCREENING. ing the risks identified in the analysis. or expended outside the Northeast Corridor. (a) REQUIREMENT FOR STUDY AND REPORT.— (b) CONSULTATION; USE OF EXISTING RE- (c) EQUIPMENT SECURITY.— The Secretary of Transportation shall— SOURCES.—In carrying out the assessment re- (1) IN GENERAL.—The following amounts (1) study the cost and feasibility of requir- quired by subsection (a), the Secretary are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec- ing security screening for all passengers, shall— retary of Transportation for the use of Am- baggage, and mail, express, and other cargo (1) consult with rail management, rail trak for fiscal year 2003: on Amtrak trains; and labor, and public safety officials (including (A) $1,755,000 to provide two-way commu- (2) report the results of the study, together officials responsible for responding to emer- nication devices for all Amtrak conductors. with any recommendations that the Sec- gencies); and

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1605

(2) utilize, to the maximum extent feasible, ‘‘(3) 100 PERCENT FEDERAL FUNDING.—The through the use of Federal funds, including the resources and assistance of— Secretary may not require any portion of the transfers from the Highway Trust Fund (A) the Federal Railroad Administration’s publicly financed costs associated with eligi- under section 9503 of the Internal Revenue Rail Safety Advisory Committee; and ble activities to come from non-Federal Code of 1986. (B) the Transportation Research Board of sources. ‘‘(5) PRIORITIES TO CHICAGO, ATLANTA, AND the National Academy of Sciences. ‘‘(4) PRIORITIES TO CHICAGO, ATLANTA, AND DALLAS/FORT WORTH.—In determining (c) REPORT.— DALLAS/FORT WORTH.—In determining projects to be undertaken pursuant to this (1) CONTENTS.—Within 180 days after the projects to be undertaken pursuant to this subsection, the Secretary shall give the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary paragraph, the Secretary shall give the high- highest priorities to undertaking implemen- shall transmit to the Senate Committee on est priorities to undertaking planning in the tation assistance in the vicinity of Union Commerce, Science, and Transportation and vicinity of Union Station in Chicago, Illi- Station in Chicago, Illinois, in metropolitan the House of Representatives Committee on nois, in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, and Atlanta, Georgia, and in the Dallas/Fort Transportation and Infrastructure a report, in the Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas, area.’’. Worth, Texas, area. without compromising national security, (b) CONFORMING AND OTHER AMENDMENTS TO ‘‘(6) SPECIAL TRANSPORTATION CIR- containing— SECTION 26101.—Section 26101 is further CUMSTANCES.—In carrying out this section, (A) the assessment and prioritized rec- amended— the Secretary shall allocate an appropriate ommendations required by subsection (a); (1) by striking subsection (c)(2) and insert- portion of the amounts available for imple- and ing the following: mentation assistance to providing appro- (B) any proposals the Secretary deems ap- ‘‘(2) the extent to which the proposed plan- priate related assistance in any State the propriate for providing Federal financial, ning focuses on high-speed rail systems, giv- rail transportation system of which— technological, or research and development ing a priority to systems which will achieve ‘‘(A) is not physically connected to rail assistance to railroads to assist the railroads sustained speeds of 125 miles per hour or systems in the continental United States; in reducing the likelihood, severity, and con- greater and projects involving dedicated rail and sequences of deliberate acts of crime or ter- passenger rights-of-way;’’; ‘‘(B) may not otherwise qualify for high- rorism toward rail employees, rail pas- (2) by inserting ‘‘and’’ after the semicolon speed rail implementation assistance due to sengers, rail shipments, or rail property. in subsection (c)(12); the constraints imposed on the railway in- (2) FORMAT.—The Secretary may submit (3) by striking ‘‘completed; and’’ in sub- frastructure in that State due to the unique the report in both classified and redacted section (c)(13) and inserting ‘‘completed.’’; characteristics of the geography of that formats if the Secretary determines that (4) by striking subsection (c)(14); and State or other relevant considerations, as de- such action is appropriate or necessary. (5) by adding at the end the following: termined by the Secretary. (d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— ‘‘(d) OPERATORS AND CERTAIN SERVICE PRO- ‘‘(b) ELIGIBLE IMPLEMENTATION ACTIVI- There are authorized to be appropriated to VIDERS DEEMED RAIL CARRIERS.—A person TIES.—The following activities are eligible the Secretary $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2003 to that conducts rail operations, or performs for implementation assistance under sub- carry out this section, such sums to remain catering, cleaning, construction, mainte- section (a): available until expended. nance or other services for rail operations, ‘‘(1) Security planning and the acquisition TITLE II—INTERSTATE RAILROAD PAS- funded or otherwise receiving assistance of security and emergency response equip- SENGER HIGH-SPEED TRANSPORTATION under this section is deemed to be a rail car- ment. SYSTEM rier for purposes of part A of subtitle IV, ‘‘(2) Operating expenses. when so operating or performing such serv- ‘‘(3) Infrastructure acquisition and con- SEC. 201. INTERSTATE RAILROAD PASSENGER ices.’’. struction of track and facilities. HIGH-SPEED TRANSPORTATION POL- (c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section ICY. ‘‘(4) Highway-rail grade crossing elimi- 511(n)(1) of the Railroad Revitalization and nations and improvements. (a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 261 is amended Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (45 U.S.C. by inserting before section 26101 the fol- ‘‘(5) Acquisition of rights-of-way, loco- 831(n)(1)) is amended by striking ‘‘125’’ and lowing: motives, rolling stock, track, and signal inserting ‘‘90’’. equipment. ‘‘§ 26100. Policy (d) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO INCLUDE ‘‘(c) CRITERIA FOR DETERMINING ASSISTANCE ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Congress declares LOANS AND LOAN GUARANTEES.—Section FOR IMPLEMENTATION ACTIVITIES.—The Sec- that it is the policy of the United States that 26105(1) is amended by inserting ‘‘loans, loan retary, in selecting recipients of assistance designated high-speed railroad passenger guarantees,’’ after ‘‘contracts,’’. under subsection (a), shall— transportation corridors are the building (e) REINVESTMENT OF NON-PASSENGER OPER- ‘‘(1) encourage the use of positive train blocks of an interconnected interstate rail- ATING PROFIT.—Amtrak shall invest any rev- control technologies; road passenger system that serves the entire enue from non-passenger operations in cap- ‘‘(2) require that any project meet any ex- Nation. ital needs outside the Northeast Corridor. isting safety regulations, and give preference ‘‘(b) SECRETARY REQUIRED TO ESTABLISH SEC. 203. IMPLEMENATION ASSISTANCE. to any project determined by the Secretary NATIONAL HIGH-SPEED GROUND TRANSPOR- (a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 261 is amended to have particularly high levels of safety; TATION POLICY.—The Secretary of Transpor- by inserting after section 26101 the following: ‘‘(3) encourage intermodal connectivity by tation shall establish the national high- ‘‘§ 26101A. Implementation of corridor plans locating train stations in or near airports, speed ground transportation policy required ‘‘(a) IMPLEMENTATION ASSISTANCE.— bus terminals, subway stations, ferry ports, by section 309(e)(1) of this title no later than ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Trans- and other modes of transportation; and December 31, 2002.’’. portation shall provide implementation as- ‘‘(4) ensure a general regional balance in (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— sistance to States or group of States and providing such assistance and avoid the con- (1) The chapter analysis for chapter 261 is other public agencies promoting the develop- centration of a disproportionate dedication amended by inserting before the item relat- ment of high-speed rail corridors designated of available financial assistance resources to ing to section 26101 the following: by the Secretary under section 104(d) of title a single project or region of the country. ‘‘26100. Policy.’’. 23. The Secretary shall establish an applica- ‘‘(d) OPERATORS AND CERTAIN SERVICE PRO- (2) Section 309(e)(1) is amended by striking tion and qualification process and, before VIDERS DEEMED RAIL CARRIERS.—A person ‘‘Within 12 months after the submission of providing assistance under this section, that conducts rail operations, or performs the study required by subsection (d),’’ and make a determination on the record that the catering, cleaning, construction, mainte- inserting ‘‘No later than December 31, 2002,’’. applicant is qualified and eligible for assist- nance or other services for rail operations, SEC. 202. HIGH-SPEED RAIL CORRIDOR PLAN- ance under this section. funded or otherwise receiving assistance NING. ‘‘(2) SECRETARY MAY PROVIDE DIRECT OR FI- under this section is deemed to be a rail car- (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 26101(a) is amend- NANCIAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary may rier for purposes of part A of subtitle IV, ed to read as follows: provide implementation assistance under when so operating or performing such serv- ‘‘(a) PLANNING.— paragraph (1) directly or by providing finan- ices.’’. ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Trans- cial assistance to a public agency or group of (b) RULEMAKING REQUIRED.—Within 90 days portation shall provide planning assistance public agencies to undertake implementa- after the date of enactment of this Act, the to States or group of States and other public tion activities approved by the Secretary. Secretary of Transportation shall initiate a agencies promoting the development of high- ‘‘(3) 100 PERCENT FEDERAL SHARE.—The Sec- rulemaking to create an application and speed rail corridors designated by the Sec- retary may not require any portion of the qualification procedure for providing high- retary under section 104(d) of title 23. publicly financed costs associated with eligi- speed rail corridor implementation assist- ‘‘(2) SECRETARY MAY PROVIDE DIRECT OR FI- ble activities to come from non-Federal ance under section 26101A of title 49, United NANCIAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary may sources. States Code. provide planning assistance under paragraph ‘‘(4) CONTRIBUTION OF LAND.—Notwith- (c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The chapter (1) directly or by providing financial assist- standing paragraph (3), the Secretary may analysis for chapter 261 is amended by in- ance to a public agency or group of public accept land contributed by a State for right- serting after the item relating to section agencies to undertake planning activities ap- of-way, without regard to whether the State 26101 the following: proved by the Secretary. acquired the land directly or indirectly ‘‘26101A. Implementation of corridor plans.’’.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0655 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1606 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002

SEC. 204. DESIGNATED HIGH-SPEED RAIL COR- (c) OTHER HIGH-SPEED RAIL CORRIDORS.— the United States for the net benefit to the RIDORS. For purposes of this section, subsection (b)— railroad determined under the classification (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Trans- (1) does not limit the term ‘‘designated of such project made under subsection (b). portation shall give priority in allocating high-speed rail corridor’’ to those corridors That liability to the United States may be funds authorized by section 26104 of title 49, described in subsection (b); and discharged by direct payment to the State United States Code, to designated high-speed (2) does not limit the Secretary of Trans- transportation department of the State in rail corridors. portation’s authority— which the project is located, in which case (b) DESIGNATED HIGH-SPEED RAIL COR- (A) to designate additional high-speed rail such payment shall be credited to the cost of RIDORS.—For purposes of subsection (a), the corridors; or the project. The payment may consist in following shall be considered to be des- (B) to terminate the designation of any whole or in part of materials and labor fur- ignated high-speed rail corridors: high-speed rail corridor. nished by the railroad in connection with the (1) California Corridor connecting the San SEC. 205. LABOR STANDARDS. construction of the project. If any such rail- road fails to discharge such liability within a Francisco Bay area and Sacramento to Los (a) EMPLOYEE PROTECTION.—The Secretary Angeles and San Diego. of Transportation shall require as a condi- 6-month period after completion of the (2) Chicago Hub Corridor Network with the tion of any project financed in whole or in project, it shall be liable to the United following spokes: part by funds authorized by this Act that the States for its share of the cost, and the Sec- retary shall request the Attorney General to (A) Chicago to Detroit. project be conducted in a manner that pro- institute proceedings against such railroad (B) Chicago to Minneapolis/St. Paul, Min- vides a fair arrangement at least as protec- for the recovery of the amount for which it nesota, via Milwaukee, Wisconsin. tive of the interests of employees who are af- is liable under this subsection. The Attorney (C) Chicago to Kansas City, Missouri, via fected by the project so funded as the terms General is authorized to bring such pro- Springfield, Illinois, and St. Louis, Missouri. imposed under arrangements reached under ceedings on behalf of the United States, in (D) Chicago to Louisville, Kentucky, via section 141 of the Amtrak Reform and Ac- the appropriate district court of the United Indianapolis, Indiana, and Cincinnati, Ohio. countability Act of 1997 (49 U.S.C. 24706 note) States, and the United States shall be enti- (E) Chicago to Cleveland, Ohio, via Toledo, on rail carriers. tled in such proceedings to recover such Ohio. (b) LABOR STANDARDS.— sums as it is considered and adjudged by the (F) Cleveland, Ohio, to Cincinnati, Ohio, (1) PREVAILING WAGES.—The Secretary or court that such railroad is liable for in the via Columbus, Ohio. Transportation— premises. Any amounts recovered by the (3) Empire State Corridor from New York (A) shall ensure that laborers and mechan- United States under this subsection shall be City, New York, through Albany, New York, ics employed by contractors and subcontrac- credited to miscellaneous receipts. to Buffalo, New York. tors in construction work financed in whole (d) SURVEY AND SCHEDULE OF PROJECTS.— or in part by funds authorized by this Act (4) Florida High-Speed Rail Corridor from Each State shall conduct and systematically will be paid wages not less than those pre- Tampa through Orlando to Miami. maintain a survey of all high-speed rail cor- vailing on similar construction in the local- (5) Gulf Coast Corridor from Houston ridor railway-highway crossings to identify ity, as determined by the Secretary of Labor Texas, through New Orleans, Louisiana, to those railroad crossings which may require under the Act of March 3, 1931 (known as the Mobile, Alabama, with a branch from New separation, relocation, or protective devices, Davis-Bacon Act; 40 U.S.C. 276a et seq.); and Orleans, through Meridian, Mississippi, and and establish and implement a schedule of (B) may make such funds available with re- Birmingham, Alabama, to Atlanta, Georgia. projects for this purpose. spect to construction work only after being (6) Keystone Corridor from Philadelphia, (e) FUNDS FOR PROTECTIVE DEVICES.—The Pennsylvania, through Harrisburg, Pennsyl- assured that required labor standards will be Secretary shall give priority under this sec- vania, to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. maintained on the construction work. tion to the elimination of high-speed rail (7) Northeast Corridor from Washington, (2) WAGE RATES.—Wage rates in a collec- corridor railway-highway grade crossings, District of Columbia, through New York tive bargaining agreement negotiated under but shall make funds authorized for obliga- City, New York, New Haven, Connecticut, the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 et seq.) tion or expenditure under this section avail- and Providence, Rhode Island, to Boston, are deemed for purposes of this subsection to able for the installation of protective devices Massachusetts, with a branch from New comply with the Act of March 3, 1931 (known at high-speed rail corridor railway-highway Haven, Connecticut, to Springfield, Massa- as the Davis-Bacon Act; 40 U.S.C. 276a et crossings where appropriate. chusetts. seq.). (f) APPORTIONMENT.—The Secretary shall (8) New England Corridor from Boston, SEC. 206. RAILWAY-HIGHWAY CROSSINGS IN apportion funds available for obligation and Massachusetts, to Portland and Auburn, HIGH-SPEED RAIL CORRIDORS. expenditure under this section between high- Maine, and from Boston, Massachusetts, (a) IN GENERAL.—The entire cost of con- speed rail corridor railway-highway cross- through Concord, New Hampshire, and Mont- struction of projects for the elimination of ings on the Northeast Corridor and such pelier, Vermont, to Montreal, Quebec. hazards of railway-highway crossings in des- crossings outside the Northeast Corridor in (9) Pacific Northwest Corridor from Eu- ignated high-speed rail corridors, including an equitable fashion, taking into account gene, Oregon, through Portland, Oregon, and the separation or protection of grades at traffic volume, traffic patterns, frequency of Seattle, Washington, to Vancouver, British crossings, the reconstruction of existing rail- trains, adequacy of existing hazard warnings, Columbia. road grade crossing structures, and the relo- and such other factors as the Secretary (10) South Central Corridor from San Anto- cation of highways to eliminate grade cross- deems appropriate. nio, Texas, through Dallas/ Fort Worth to ings, may be paid from sums authorized by (g) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Secretary shall Little Rock, Arkansas, with a branch from subsection (k). In any case when the elimi- report to the Senate Committee on Com- Dallas/Fort Worth through Oklahoma City, nation of the hazards of a railway-highway merce, Science, and Transportation and the Oklahoma, to Tulsa, Oklahoma. crossing can be effected by the relocation of House of Representatives Committee on (11) Southeast Corridor from Washington, a portion of a railway at a cost estimated by Transportation and Infrastructure not later District of Columbia, through Richmond, the Secretary of Transportation to be less than December 30 of each year on the Virginia, Raleigh, North Carolina, Columbia, than the cost of such elimination by one of progress being made to implement the rail- South Carolina, Savannah, Georgia, and the methods mentioned in the first sentence way-highway crossings program authorized Jessup, Georgia, to Jacksonville, Florida, of this section, then the entire cost of such by this section and the effectiveness of such with— relocation project may be paid from sums improvements. Each report shall contain an (A) a branch from Raleigh, North Carolina, authorized by subsection (k). assessment of the costs of the various treat- through Charlotte, North Carolina, and (b) CLASSIFICATION OF PROJECTS.—The Sec- ments employed and subsequent accident ex- Greenville, South Carolina, to Atlanta, Geor- retary may classify the various types of perience at improved locations. The report gia; a branch from Richmond, to Hampton projects involved in the elimination of haz- shall include— Roads/Norfolk, Virginia; ards of high-speed rail corridor railway-high- (1) the number of projects undertaken, (B) a branch from Charlotte, North Caro- way crossings, and may set for each such their distribution by cost range, road sys- lina, to Columbia, South Carolina, to classification a percentage of the costs of tem, nature of treatment, and subsequent ac- Charleston, South Carolina; construction which shall be deemed to rep- cident experience at improved locations; (C) a connecting route from Atlanta, Geor- resent the net benefit to the railroad or rail- (2) an analysis and evaluation of the pro- gia, to Jessup, Georgia; roads for the purpose of determining the rail- gram activities in each State, including (D) a connecting route from Atlanta, Geor- road’s share of the cost of construction. The identification of any State found not to be in gia, to Charleston, South Carolina; and percentage so determined shall in no case ex- compliance with the schedule of improve- (E) a branch from Raleigh, North Carolina, ceed 10 per cent of such costs. The Secretary ments required by subsection (d); and through Florence, South Carolina, to shall determine the appropriate classifica- (3) recommendations for future implemen- Charleston, South Carolina, and Savannah, tion of each project. tation of the railway-highway crossings pro- Georgia, with a connecting route from Flor- (c) LIABILITY OF RAILROAD.—Any railroad gram under this section and section 130 of ence, South Carolina, to Myrtle Beach, involved in a project for the elimination of title 23, United States Code. South Carolina. hazards of railway-highway crossings paid (h) USE OF FUNDS FOR MATCHING.—Funds (12) Southwest Corridor from Los Angeles, for in whole or in part from sums made authorized to be appropriated to carry out California, to Las Vegas, Nevada. available under this section shall be liable to this section may be used to provide a local

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1607

government with funds to be used on a ‘‘(5) ‘national rail passenger transportation (2) APPLICATION OF D.C. CORPORATION ACT.— matching basis when State funds are avail- system’ means— Section 24301(e) is amended by striking ‘‘title able which may only be spent when the local ‘‘(A) the spine of the Northeast Corridor 5, this part, and, to the extent consistent government produces matching funds for the between Boston, Massachusetts and Wash- with this part, the District of Columbia Cor- improvement of railway-highway crossings. ington, D.C.; poration Act (D.C. Code 29-301 et seq.)’’ and (i) INCENTIVE PAYMENTS FOR AT-GRADE ‘‘(B) rail corridors that have been des- inserting ‘‘title 5 and this part’’. CROSSING CLOSURES.—. ignated by the Secretary of Transportation (3) APPLICATION OF BUY AMERICAN ACT.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any as high-speed corridors, but only after they Section 24305(f) is amended to read as fol- other provision of this section and subject to have been improved to permit operation of lows: paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary may high-speed service; ‘‘(f) DOMESTIC BUYING PREFERENCES.—The make incentive payments to a local govern- ‘‘(C) long-distance routes of more than 750 Buy American Act (41 U.S.C. 10a) and section ment upon the permanent closure by such miles between endpoints operated by Amtrak 301 of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979 (19 government of public at-grade high-speed as of the date of enactment of the National U.S.C. 2511) apply to Amtrak.’’. rail corridor railway-highway crossings Defense Rail Act; and SEC. 303. ADDITIONAL AMTRAK AUTHORIZA- under its jurisdiction. ‘‘(D) short-distance corridors or routes op- TIONS. (2) INCENTIVE PAYMENTS BY RAILROADS.— erated as of the date of enactment of the Na- (a) EXCESS RRTA.—There are authorized to The Secretary may not make an incentive tional Defense Rail Act, unless discontinued be appropriated to the Secretary of Trans- payment under paragraph (1) to a local gov- by Amtrak.’’. portation for the use of Amtrak for fiscal ernment with respect to the closure of a (b) AMTRAK ROUTES WITH STATE FUNDING.— year 2003, and each fiscal year thereafter, an crossing unless the railroad owning the (1) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 247 is amended by amount equal to the amount Amtrak must tracks on which the crossing is located inserting after section 27101 the following: pay under section 3221 of the Internal Rev- makes an incentive payment to the govern- ‘‘§ 24702. Transportation requested by States, enue Code of 1986 in fiscal years that is more than the amount needed for benefits for indi- ment with respect to the closure. authorities, and other persons viduals who retire from Amtrak and for their (3) AMOUNT OF FEDERAL INCENTIVE PAY- ‘‘(a) CONTRACTS FOR TRANSPORTATION.— beneficiaries. MENT.—The amount of the incentive pay- Amtrak and a State, a regional or local au- (b) PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST PAYMENTS.— ment payable to a local government under thority, or another person may enter into a (1) PRINCIPAL ON DEBT SERVICE.—There are paragraph (1) with respect to a crossing may contract for Amtrak to operate an intercity authorized to be appropriated to the Sec- not exceed the lesser of— rail service or route not included in the na- retary of Transportation for the use of Am- (A) the amount of the incentive payment tional rail passenger transportation system trak for retirement of principal on loans for paid to the government with respect to the upon such terms as the parties thereto may capital equipment, or capital leases, the fol- crossing by the railroad concerned under agree. lowing amounts: ‘‘(b) DISCONTINUANCE.—Upon termination paragraph (2); or (A) For fiscal year 2003, $105,000,000. of a contract entered into under this section, (B) $ 7,500. (B) For fiscal year 2004, $93,000,000. or the cessation of financial support under (j) COORDINATION WITH TITLE 23 PROGRAM.— (C) For fiscal year 2005, $105,000,000. such a contract, Amtrak may discontinue In carrying out this section, the Secretary (D) For fiscal year 2006, $108,000,000. shall— such service or route, notwithstanding any other provision of law.’’. (E) For fiscal year 2007, $183,000,000. (1) implement this section in accordance (2) INTEREST ON DEBT.—There are author- (2) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The chapter with the classification of projects and rail- ized to be appropriated to the Secretary of analysis for chapter 247 is amended by in- road share of the cost as provided in section Transportation for the use of Amtrak for the serting after the item relating to section 646.210 of title 23, Code of Federal Regula- payment of interest on loans for capital 24701 the following: tions; and equipment, or capital leases, the following (2) coordinate the administration of this ‘‘24702. Transportation requested by States, amounts: section with the program established by sec- authorities, and other persons’’. (A) For fiscal year 2003, $160,000,000. tion 130 of title 23, United States Code, in SEC. 302. EXTENSION OF AUTHORIZATION. (B) For fiscal year 2004, $157,000,000. order to avoid duplication of effort and to (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 24104(a) is amend- (C) For fiscal year 2005, $147,000,000. ensure the effectiveness of both programs. ed— (D) For fiscal year 2006, $142,000,000. (k) FUNDING.—Not less than 10 percent of (1) by striking ‘‘and’’ in paragraph (4); (E) For fiscal year 2007, $134,000,000. the amounts appropriated for each fiscal (2) by striking ‘‘2002,’’ in paragraph (5) and (c) ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE.—There year to carry out section 26101A shall be ob- inserting ‘‘2002; and’’; and are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec- ligated or expended to carry out this section. (3) by inserting after paragraph (5) the fol- retary of Transportation for the use of Am- SEC. 207. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. lowing: trak for fiscal year 2003, and each fiscal year Section 26104 is amended to read as follows: ‘‘(6) such sums as are authorized by this thereafter, $30,000,000, of which one-third ‘‘§ 26104. Authorization of appropriations title and by the National Defense Rail Act shall be obligated or expended on the North- for fiscal years 2003 through 2007,’’. east Corridor and two-thirds shall be obli- ‘‘(a) FISCAL YEARS 2003 THROUGH 2008.— (b) REPEAL OF SELF-SUFFICIENCY REQUIRE- gated or expended outside the Northeast Cor- There are authorized to be appropriated to MENTS. ridor, in order to comply with environmental the Secretary for each of fiscal years 2003 (1) TITLE 49 AMENDMENTS.—Chapter 241 is regulations. through 2008— amended— (d) COMPLIANCE WITH ADA REQUIRE- ‘‘(1) $25,000,000 for carrying out section (A) by striking the last sentence of section MENTS.— 26101; 24101(d); and (1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be ‘‘(2) $1,500,000,000 for carrying out section (B) by striking the last sentence of section appropriated to the Secretary of Transpor- 26101A; and 24104(a). tation for the use of Amtrak for each of fis- ‘‘(3) $25,000,000 for carrying out section (2) AMTRAK REFORM AND ACCOUNTABILITY cal years 2003 through 2007, $43,000,000 for ac- 26102. ACT AMENDMENTS.—Title II of the Amtrak cess improvements in facilities and stations ‘‘(b) FUNDS TO REMAIN AVAILABLE.—Funds Reform and Accountability Act of 1997 (49 necessary to comply with the requirements made available under this section shall re- U.S.C. 24101 nt) is amended by striking sec- of the Americans With Disabilities Act of main available until expended. tions 204 and 205. 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12162), including an initial as- ‘‘(c) SPECIAL RULE.—Except as specifically (3) COMMON STOCK REDEMPTION DATE.—Sec- sessment of the full set of needs across the provided in section 26101, 26101A, or 26102, no national rail passenger transportation sys- amount authorized by subsection (a) may be tion 415 of the Amtrak Reform and Account- ability Act of 1997 (49 U.S.C. 24304 nt) is tem, of which— used for obligation or expenditure on the (A) $10,000,000 shall be obligated or ex- Boston-to-Washington segment of the North- amended by striking subsection (b). (c) LEASE ARRANGEMENTS.—Amtrak may pended on the Northeast Corridor; and east Corridor while that segment is receiving obtain services from the Administrator of (B) $33,000,000,000 shall be obligated or ex- Federal funds for capital or operating ex- General Services, and the Administrator pended outside the Northeast Corridor, of penses.’’. may provide services to Amtrak, under sec- which $15,000,000 shall be obligated or ex- TITLE III—NATIONAL RAILROAD tion 201(b) and 211(b) of the Federal Property pended for long-distance trains. PASSENGER CORPORATION and Administrative Service Act of 1949 (40 (2) BEST EFFORTS REQUIREMENT.—If Amtrak SEC. 301. NATIONAL RAILROAD PASSENGER U.S.C. 481(b) and 491(b)) for fiscal year 2003 fails to meet the period for compliance re- TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM DE- and each fiscal year thereafter. quirement imposed by section FINED. (d) MISCELLANEOUS AMTRAK-RELATED 242(e)(2)(A)(ii)(I) of the Americans With Dis- (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 24102 is amend- AMENDMENTS.— abilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. ed— (1) FINANCIAL POWERS.—Section 415(d) of 12162(e)(2)(A)(ii)(I))— (1) by striking paragraph (2); the Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act (A) it shall not be considered discrimina- (2) by redesignating paragraphs (3), (4), and of 1997 by adding at the end the following: tion for purposes of section 202 of that Act (5) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respec- ‘‘(3) This section does not affect the appli- (42 U.S.C. 12132) or section 504 of the Reha- tively; and cability of section 3729 of title 31, United bilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794) if Am- (3) by inserting after paragraph (4) as so re- States Code, to claims made against Am- trak demonstrates to the satisfaction of the designated the following: trak.’’. Secretary of Transportation that—

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1608 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 (i) Amtrak has made substantial progress nication, lighting, and passenger egress up- capital stations and facilities needs to pro- toward meeting the requirements of section grades. vide regular upgrades to stations to meet 242(e)(2)(A)(ii)(I) of the Americans With Dis- (c) INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADES.—There are current service needs, and regular improve- abilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. authorized to be appropriated to the Sec- ments to maintenance-of-way equipment and 12162(e)(2)(A)(ii)(I)); and retary of Transportation for the use of Am- maintenance-of-way facilities. (ii) Amtrak’s failure to meet the period of trak for fiscal year 2003, $3,000,000 for the pre- (f) TECHNOLOGY NEEDS.—There are author- compliance requirement of that section is liminary design of options for a new tunnel ized to be appropriated to the Secretary of attributable to the insufficiency of appro- on a different alignment to augment the ca- Transportation for the use of Amtrak for fis- priated funds; and pacity of the existing Baltimore tunnels. cal year 2003, and each fiscal year thereafter, (B) the period for compliance under section (d) CORRIDOR GROWTH INVESTMENT.—There $10,000,000 for ongoing technology needs to 242(e)(2)(A)(ii)(I) of the Americans With Dis- are authorized to be appropriated to the Sec- upgrade reservation, distribution, financial, abilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. retary of Transportation for the use of Am- and operations systems, including hardware, 12162(e)(2)(A)(ii)(I)) shall be extended until— trak for corridor growth investments in the software, infrastructure, and communica- (i) sufficient funds have been appropriated Northeast Corridor— tions. to the Secretary of Transportation for the (1) For fiscal year 2003, $200,000,000. use of Amtrak to enable Amtrak to comply (2) For fiscal year 2004, $300,000,000. SEC. 306. SHORT DISTANCE TRAINS; STATE-SUP- PORTED ROUTES. fully with the requirements of that section; (3) For fiscal year 2005, $400,000,000. and (4) For fiscal year 2006, $500,000,000. There are authorized to be appropriated to (ii) a reasonable period of time for the (5) For fiscal year 2007, $600,000,000. the Secretary of Transportation for the use completion of necessary construction so (e) FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION FROM OTHER of Amtrak for fiscal year 2003, and each fis- funded has passed. TUNNEL USERS.—The Secretary shall, taking cal year thereafter, for obligation and ex- penditure on routes outside the Northeast SEC. 304. NORTHEAST CORRIDOR AUTHORIZA- into account the need for the timely comple- TIONS. tion of all life safety portions of the tunnel Corridor— (1) $20,000,000 for capital backlog on infra- (a) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to projects described in subsection (b)— structure to bring infrastructure up to a be appropriated to the Secretary of Trans- (1) consider the extent to which rail car- state-of-good-repair, including improve- portation for the use of Amtrak for fiscal riers other than Amtrak use the tunnels; ments on bridges and tunnels that are ap- year 2003, and each fiscal year thereafter, the (2) consider the feasibility of seeking a fi- proaching the end of their useful life and following amounts: nancial contribution from those other rail interlocking and signal system renewal; (1) $370,000,000 for capital backlog on infra- carriers toward the costs of the projects; and (2) $10,000,000 for capital backlog on its structure on the Northeast Corridor to bring carriers if feasible. fleet to bring Amtrak’s existing fleet as of infrastructure up to state-of-good-repair, in- (f) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Amounts ap- the date of enactment of this Act to a state- cluding renewal of the South End electric propriated pursuant to this section shall re- of-good-repair, including equipment replace- traction system, improvements on bridges main available until expended. ment and upgrades necessary to meet cur- and tunnels, and interlocking and signal sys- (g) REINVESTMENT OF NEC OPERATING rent service commitments; tem renewal. PROFIT.—Amtrak shall invest any revenue (3) $170,000,000 for ongoing capital infra- (2) $60,000,000 for capital backlog on fleet to from operations in the Northeast Corridor in structure to replace assets on a life-cycle bring existing fleet to a state-of-good-repair, capital needs of the corridor until the back- basis to ensure a state-of-good-repair is including equipment replacement and up- log of capital improvements are completed maintained in order to meet safety and reli- grades necessary to meet current service under Amtrak’s 20-year plan. ability standards needed to deliver current commitments. SEC. 305. LONG DISTANCE TRAINS. service commitments, including investment (3) $40,000,000 for capital backlog on sta- (a) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to in partner railroads to operate passenger tions and facilities, including improvements be appropriated to the Secretary of Trans- service at currently committed levels. to the facility and platform at the existing portation for the use of Amtrak for fiscal (4) $40,000,000 for ongoing capital fleet Penn Station, and bringing maintenance-of- year 2003, and each fiscal year thereafter, needs to sustain regularly scheduled mainte- way facilities up to state-of-good-repair. $360,000,000 for operating costs associated nance, including a 120-day cycle preventive (4) $350,000,000 for ongoing capital infra- with long distance trains. maintenance schedule, and heavy overhauls structure— (b) CAPITAL BACKLOG AND UPGRADES.— on a 4-year schedule, with interior enhance- (A) to replace assets on a life-cycle basis; There are authorized to be appropriated to ments as needed; (B) to ensure that a state-of-good-repair is the Secretary of Transportation for the use (5) $10,000,000 for ongoing capital stations maintained in order to meet safety and reli- of Amtrak for fiscal year 2003, and each fis- and facilities needs to provide regular up- ability standards; and cal year thereafter, $70,000,000 to reduce the grades to stations to meet current service (C) to meet current service commitments. capital backlog and to bring its existing needs, and regular improvements to mainte- (5) $40,000,000 for ongoing capital fleet in- fleet to a state-of-good-repair, including nance-of-way equipment and maintenance- vestment to sustain regularly scheduled equipment replacement and upgrades nec- of-way facilities; and maintenance, including a 120-day cycle of essary to meet current service commit- (6) $20,000,000 for ongoing technology needs preventive maintenance, and heavy over- ments. to upgrade of reservation, distribution, fi- hauls on a 4-year schedule, with interior en- (c) ONGOING CAPITAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN- nancial, and operations systems, including hancements as needed. VESTMENTS.—There are authorized to be ap- hardware, software, infrastructure and com- (6) $30,000,000 for ongoing capital improve- propriated to the Secretary of Transpor- munications. ments to stations and facilities to provide tation for the use of Amtrak for fiscal year for regular upgrades to stations to meet cur- 2003, and each fiscal year thereafter, SEC. 307. RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF NORTHEAST rent service needs, and regular improve- $80,000,000 for ongoing capital infrastruc- CORRIDOR SAFETY COMMITTEE. ments to maintenance-of-equipment and ture— (a) RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF NORTHEAST COR- maintenance-of-way facilities. (1) to replace assets on a life-cycle basis; RIDOR SAFETY COMMITTEE.—The Secretary of (7) $20,000,000 for ongoing technology up- (2) to ensure that a state-of-good-repair is Transportation shall re-establish the North- grades of reservation, distribution, financial, maintained in order to meet safety and reli- east Corridor Safety Committee authorized and operations systems, including hardware, ability standards; by section 24905(b) of title 49, United States software, infrastructure, and communica- (3) to meet current service commitments; Code. tions. and (b) TERMINATION DATE.—Section 24905(b)(4) (b) LIFE SAFETY NEEDS.—There are author- (4) to provide funds for investment in part- is amended by striking ‘‘January 1, 1999,’’ ized to be appropriated to the Secretary of ner railroads to operate passenger service at and inserting ‘‘January 1, 2008,’’. Transportation for the use of Amtrak for fis- currently committed levels. SEC. 308. ON-TIME PERFORMANCE. cal year 2003: (d) CAPITAL FLEET NEEDS.—There are au- (1) $798,000,000 for the 6 New York tunnels thorized to be appropriated to the Secretary Section 24308 is amended by adding at the built in 1910 to provide ventilation, elec- of Transportation for the use of Amtrak for end the following: trical, and fire safety technology upgrades, fiscal year 2003, and each fiscal year there- ‘‘(f) ON-TIME PERFORMANCE.—If the on-time emergency communication and lighting sys- after, $50,000,000 for ongoing capital fleet performance of any intercity passenger train tems, and emergency access and egress for needs to sustain regularly scheduled mainte- averages less than 80 percent for any con- passengers. nance, including a 120-day cycle of preven- secutive 3-month period, Amtrak may peti- (2) $57,000,000 for the Baltimore & Potomac tive maintenance, and heavy overhauls on a tion the Surface Transportation Board to in- tunnel built in 1872 to provide adequate 4-year schedule, with interior enhancements vestigate whether, and to what extent, drainage, ventilation, communication, light- as needed. delays are due to causes that could reason- ing, and passenger egress upgrades. (e) CAPITAL STATIONS AND FACILITIES.— ably be addressed by a rail carrier over the (3) $40,000,000 for the Washington, D.C. There are authorized to be appropriated to tracks of which the intercity passenger train Union Station tunnels built in 1904 under the the Secretary of Transportation for the use operates, or by a regional authority pro- Supreme Court and House and Senate Office of Amtrak for fiscal year 2003, and each fis- viding commuter service, if any. In carrying Buildings to improve ventilation, commu- cal year thereafter, $10,000,000 for ongoing out such an investigation, the Surface

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1609 Transportation Board shall obtain informa- (B) to aggregate expenses and revenues re- (C) by adding after subparagraph (D) the tion from all parties involved and make rec- lated to infrastructure and distinguish them following new subparagraph: ommendations regarding reasonable meas- from expenses and revenues related to rail ‘‘(E) the size and characteristics of the co- ures to improve the on-time performance of operations. hort of which the loan or loan guarantee is a the train.’’. (b) VERIFICATION OF SYSTEM; REPORT.—The member; and’’; and SEC. 309. AMTRAK BOARD OF DIRECTORS. Inspector General of the Department of (2) by adding at the end of paragraph (4) (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 24302 is amended Transportation shall review the accounting the following: ‘‘A cohort may include loans to read as follows: system designed and implemented under sub- and loan guarantees. The Secretary shall not ‘‘§ 24302. Board of directors section (a) to ensure that it accomplishes the establish any limit on the proportion of a co- purposes for which it is intended. The Inspec- ‘‘(a) COMPOSITION AND TERMS.— hort that may be used for 1 loan or loan ‘‘(1) The board of directors of Amtrak is tor General shall report his findings and con- guarantee.’’. composed of the following 9 directors, each clusions, together with any recommenda- (e) CONDITIONS OF ASSISTANCE.—Section 502 of whom must be a citizen of the United tions, to the Senate Committee on Com- of the Railroad Revitalization and Regu- States: merce, Science, and Transportation and the latory Reform Act of 1976 (45 U.S.C. 822) is House of Representatives Committee on ‘‘(A) The President of Amtrak. amended— Transportation and Infrastructure. ‘‘(B) The Secretary of Transportation. (1) by striking ‘‘offered;’’ in subsection (c) REVIEW OF FINANCIAL STATUS AND FUND- ‘‘(C) 7 individuals appointed by the Presi- (f)(2)(A) and inserting ‘‘offered, if any;’’and ING REQUIREMENTS BY DOT INSPECTOR GEN- dent of the United States, by and with the (2) by adding at the end of subsection (h) ERAL.—The Inspector General of the Depart- advice and consent of the Senate, with an in- the following: ‘‘The Secretary shall not re- ment of Transportation shall, as part of the quire an applicant for a direct loan or loan terest, experience, and qualifications in or Department’s annual assessment of Am- directly related to rail transportation, in- guarantee under this section to provide col- trak’s financial status and capital funding lateral. The Secretary shall not require that cluding representatives of the passenger rail requirements review the obligation and ex- transportation, travel, hospitality, cruise an applicant for a direct loan or loan guar- penditure of funds under each such funding antee under this section have previously line, and passenger air transportation busi- document, procedure, or arrangement to en- nesses, and consumers of passenger rail sought the financial assistance requested sure that the expenditure and obligation of from another source. The Secretary shall re- transportation. those funds are consistent with the purposes ‘‘(2) An individual appointed under para- quire recipients of direct loans or loan guar- for which they are provided under this Act. antees under this section to apply the stand- graph (1)(C) of this subsection serves for 5 (d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— ards of section 22301(b) and (c) of title 49, years or until the individual’s successor is There are authorized to be appropriated to United States Code, to their projects.’’. appointed and qualified. Not more than 4 in- the Secretary of Transportation for the use (f) TIME LIMIT FOR APPROVAL OR DIS- dividuals appointed under paragraph (1)(C) of Amtrak $2,500,000 for fiscal year 2003 to APPROVAL.—Section 502 of the Railroad Revi- may be members of the same political party. carry out subsection (a), such sums to re- talization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 ‘‘(3) The board shall elect a chairman and main available until expended. (45 U.S.C. 822) is amended by adding at the a vice chairman from among its membership. TITLE IV—MISCELLANEOUS The vice chairman shall serve as chairman in end the following: SEC. 401. REHABILITATION, IMPROVEMENT, AND ‘‘(i) TIME LIMIT FOR APPROVAL OR DIS- the absence of the chairman. SECURITY FINANCING. APPROVAL.—Not later than 180 days after re- ‘‘(4) The Secretary may be represented at a (a) DEFINITIONS.—Section 102(7) of the Rail- ceiving a complete application for a direct meeting of the board only by the Deputy road Revitalization and Regulatory Reform loan or loan guarantee under this section, Secretary of Transportation, the Adminis- Act of 1976 (45 U.S.C. 802(7)) is amended to the Secretary shall approve or disapprove trator of the Federal Railroad Administra- read as follows: the application.’’. tion, or the General Counsel of the Depart- ‘‘(7) ‘railroad’ has the meaning given that (g) FEES AND CHARGES.—Section 503 of the ment of Transportation. term in section 20102 of title 49, United Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Re- ‘‘(b) PAY AND EXPENSES.—Each director not States Code; and’’. form Act of 1976 (45 U.S.C. 823) is amended— employed by the United States Government (b) GENERAL AUTHORITY.—Section 502 of (1) by adding at the end of subsection (k) is entitled to $300 a day when performing the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory board duties and powers. Each director is en- the following: ‘‘Funds received by the Sec- Reform Act of 1976 (45 U.S.C. 822) is amend- retary under the preceding sentence shall be titled to reimbursement for necessary travel, ed— reasonable secretarial and professional staff credited to the appropriation from which the (1) by striking ‘‘Secretary may provide di- support, and subsistence expenses incurred expenses of making such appraisals, deter- rect loans and loan guarantees to State and in attending board meetings. minations, and findings were incurred.’’; and local governments,’’ in subsection (a) and in- ‘‘(c) VACANCIES.—A vacancy on the board is (2) by adding at the end the following new filled in the same way as the original selec- serting ‘‘Secretary shall provide direct loans subsection: tion, except that an individual appointed by and loan guarantees to State and local gov- ‘‘(l) FEES AND CHARGES.—Except as pro- the President of the United States under ernments, interstate compacts entered into vided in this title, the Secretary may not as- subsection (a)(1)(C) of this section to fill a under section 410 of the Amtrak Reform and sess any fees, including user fees, or charges vacancy occurring before the end of the term Accountability Act of 1997 (49 U.S.C 24101 in connection with a direct loan or loan for which the predecessor of that individual nt),’’; guarantee provided under section 502.’’. was appointed is appointed for the remainder (2) by striking ‘‘or’’ in subsection (b)(1)(B); (h) SUBSTANTIVE CRITERIA AND STAND- of that term. A vacancy required to be filled (3) by redesignating subparagraph (C) of ARDS.—Not later than 30 days after the date by appointment under subsection (a)(1)(C) subsection (b)(1) as subparagraph (D); and of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary must be filled not later than 120 days after (4) by inserting after subparagraph (B) of of Transportation shall publish in the Fed- the vacancy occurs. subsection (b)(1) the following: eral Register and post on the Department of ‘‘(d) BYLAWS.—The board may adopt and ‘‘(C) to acquire, improve, or rehabilitate Transportation website the substantive cri- amend bylaws governing the operation of rail safety and security equipment and fa- teria and standards used by the Secretary to Amtrak. The bylaws shall be consistent with cilities; or’’. determine whether to approve or disapprove this part and the articles of incorporation.’’. (c) EXTENT OF AUTHORITY.—Section 502(d) applications submitted under section 502 of (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment of the Railroad Revitalization and Regu- the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory made by subsection (a) shall take effect on latory Reform Act of 1976 (45 U.S.C. 822(d)) is Reform Act of 1976 (45 U.S.C. 822). October 1, 2003. The members of the Amtrak amended— (i) OPERATORS AND SERVICE PROVIDERS Reform Board may continue to serve until 3 (1) by striking ‘‘$3,500,000,000’’ and insert- DEEMED RAIL CARRIERS.—Section 502 of the directors appointed by the President under ing ‘‘$35,000,000,000’’; Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Re- section 24302(a) of title 49, United States (2) by striking ‘‘$1,000,000,000’’ and insert- form Act of 1976 (45 U.S.C. 822), as amended Code, as amended by subsection (a), have ing ‘‘$7,000,000,000’’; and by subsection (f), is amended by adding at qualified for office. (3) by adding at the end the following new the end the following: SEC. 310. INDEPENDENT AUDIT OF AMTRAK OP- sentence: ‘‘The Secretary shall not establish ‘‘(j) OPERATORS AND CERTAIN SERVICE PRO- ERATIONS; REVIEW BY DOT IG. any limit on the proportion of the unused VIDERS DEEMED RAIL CARRIERS.—A person (a) IN GENERAL.—Amtrak shall employ an amount authorized under this subsection that conducts rail operations, or performs independent financial consultant— that may be used for 1 loan or loan guar- catering, cleaning, construction, mainte- (1) to assess its financial accounting and antee.’’. nance, or other services for rail operations, reporting system; (d) COHORTS OF LOANS.—Section 502(f) of funded or otherwise receiving assistance (2) to design and assist Amtrak in imple- the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory under this section is deemed to be a rail car- menting a modern financial accounting and Reform Act of 1976 (45 U.S.C. 822(f)) is amend- rier for purposes of part A of subtitle IV of reporting system, on the basis of the assess- ed— title 49, United States Code, when so oper- ment, that will produce accurate and timely (1) in paragraph (2)— ating or performing such services.’’. financial information in sufficient detail— (A) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of sub- SEC. 402. RAIL PASSENGER COOPERATIVE RE- (A) to enable Amtrak to assign revenues paragraph (D); SEARCH PROGRAM. and expenses appropriately to each of its (B) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as (a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 249 is amended lines of business activity; and subparagraph (F); and by adding at the end the following:

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1610 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002

‘‘§ 24910. Passenger rail cooperative research (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The chapter (3) by adding at the end the following new program analysis for chapter 249 is amended by add- paragraph: ing at the end the following: ‘‘(2)(A) The State-owned railroad may con- ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall es- vey all right, title, and interest of the State tablish and carry out a rail passenger coop- ‘‘24910. Passenger rail cooperative research in any land within the right-of-way to a erative research program. The program program’’. third party in exchange for other land that, shall— (c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— in substitution for the land conveyed, is to ‘‘(1) address, among other matters, inter- There are authorized to be appropriated to be utilized as part of the right-of-way if the city rail passenger services, including exist- the Secretary of Transportation $5,000,000 for continuity of the right-of-way corridor for ing rail passenger technologies and speeds, fiscal year 2003, and each fiscal year there- transportation, communications, and trans- incrementally enhanced rail systems and in- after, to carry out section 24910(d) of title 49, mission purposes is provided by such use of frastructure, and new high-speed wheel-on- United States Code. SEC. 403. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO TITLE the substituted land. rail systems; ‘‘(B) The provisions of this section that re- ‘‘(2) give consideration to research on com- 49 REFLECTING ICC TERMINATION ACT. quire reversion shall apply to the substituted muter rail, regional rail, freight rail, and land, as of the effective date of the exchange other modes of rail transportation that may (a) SECTION 307.— (1) Section 307 is amended— of that land in a transaction authorized by affect rail passenger transportation due to subparagraph (A), as fully as if the sub- the interconnectedness of the rail passenger (A) by striking ‘‘Interstate Commerce Com- mission’’ in the section heading and insert- stituted land had been rail properties of the network with other rail transportation serv- Alaska Railroad as of January 13, 1983. ices; and ing ‘‘Surface Transportation Board’’; (B) by striking ‘‘Interstate Commerce ‘‘(C) Upon the conveyance of land in a ‘‘(3) give consideration to regional con- transaction authorized by subparagraph (A), cerns regarding rail passenger transpor- Commission’’ in subsection (a) and inserting ‘‘Surface Transportation Board’’; and any reversionary interest in the land under tation, including meeting research needs this section shall terminate.’’. common to designated high-speed corridors, (C) by striking ‘‘Commission’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘Board’’. long-distance rail services, and regional NATIONAL DEFENSE RAIL ACT intercity rail corridors, projects, and enti- (2) The chapter analysis for chapter 3 is One-time FY 2003 authorization for Secu- ties. amended by striking the item relating to section 307 and inserting the following: rity Funds: $1.26 billion. ‘‘(b) CONTENTS.—The program to be carried ‘‘307. Safety information and intervention in Total funds authorized annually for FY out under this section shall include research 2003 through FY 2007: $4.61 billion. designed— Surface Transportation Board SECURITY PROVISIONS ($1.26 B IN FY 2003) ‘‘(1) to develop more accurate models for proceedings’’. evaluating the indirect effects of rail pas- (b) SECTION 333.—Section 333 is amended— $360M for Amtrak security needs, evenly senger service, including the effects on high- (1) by striking ‘‘Interstate Commerce Com- divided between the Northeast Corridor and way and airport and airway congestion, envi- mission’’ each place it appears and inserting Non-Northeast Corridor. ronmental quality, and energy consumption; ‘‘Surface Transportation Board’’; and $5M for DOT to perform a security assess- ‘‘(2) to develop a better understanding of (2) by striking ‘‘Commission’’ in subsection ment of all rail, including freight needs. modal choice as it affects rail passenger (c) and inserting ‘‘Board’’. $895M for life safety upgrades to tunnels in transportation, including development of (c) SECTION 351.—Section 351(c) is amended NY, Balt, DC. better models to predict ridership; by striking ‘‘Interstate Commerce Commis- $3M for preliminary design work for the ‘‘(3) to recommend priorities for tech- sion’’ and inserting ‘‘Surface Transportation Baltimore tunnels. nology demonstration and development; Board’’. FEDERAL HIGH SPEED CORRIDOR DEVELOPMENT ‘‘(4) to meet additional priorities as deter- (d) SECTION 24307.—Section 24307(b)(3) is ($1.55 B ANNUALLY) mined by the advisory board established amended by striking ‘‘Interstate Commerce $25M to DOT for Research and Develop- under subsection (c), including any rec- Commission’’ and inserting ‘‘Surface Trans- ment Activities. ommendations made by the National Re- portation Board’’. $25M to DOT for Planning. search Council; (e) SECTION 24308.—Section 24308 is amend- $1.5B to DOT for Implementation/Construc- ‘‘(5) to explore improvements in manage- ed— tion. ment, financing, and institutional struc- (1) by striking ‘‘Interstate Commerce Com- Must be a designated corridor to receive tures; mission’’ in subsection (a)(2)(A) and insert- funding. The Northeast Corridor is des- ‘‘(6) to address rail capacity constraints ing ‘‘Surface Transportation Board’’; and ignated, but not eligible to receive funds that affect passenger rail service through a (2) by striking ‘‘Commission’’ each place it under this program if receiving other federal wide variety of options, ranging from oper- appears in subsection (a) and (b) and insert- funds. ing ‘‘Board’’. ating improvements to dedicated new infra- NORTHEAST CORRIDOR (NEC) ($1.310 B ANNUALLY) structure, taking into account the impact of (f) SECTION 24311.—Section 24311 is amend- ed— Requires any operating profit on the NEC such options on freight and commuter rail to be reinvested in NEC infrastructure. operations; and (1) by striking ‘‘Interstate Commerce Com- mission’’ in subsection (c)(1) and inserting $720M for infrastructure. ‘‘(7) to improve maintenance, operations, $100M for fleet. customer service, or other aspects of existing ‘‘Surface Transportation Board’’; and (2) by striking ‘‘Commission’’ each place it $70M for stations/facilities. intercity rail passenger service existing in $20M for technology upgrades. appears in subsection (c) and inserting 2002. $400M for growth (annual average). ‘‘Board’’. ‘‘(c) ADVISORY BOARD.— (g) SECTION 24902.—Section 24902 is amend- COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM ($5 M ‘‘(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—In consultation with ed— ANNUALLY) the heads of appropriate Federal depart- (1) by striking ‘‘Interstate Commerce Com- Establishes R & D program at National ments and agencies, the Secretary shall es- mission’’ in subsections (g)(2) and (g)(3) and Academy of Sciences similar to highway and tablish an advisory board to recommend re- inserting ‘‘Surface Transportation Board’’; transit cooperative research programs. search, technology, and technology transfer and NATIONAL RAILROAD PASSENGER CORPORATION activities related to rail passenger transpor- (2) by striking ‘‘Commission’’ each place it (500 M ANNUALLY) tation. appears in subsections (g)(2) and (g)(3) and ‘‘(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The advisory board Requires profits from non-passenger activi- inserting ‘‘Board’’. ties to be invested in growth activities out- shall include— ECTION 24904.—Section 24904 is amend- (h) S side the NEC. ‘‘(A) representatives of State transpor- ed— tation agencies; $160M (est.) for mandatory excess Railroad (1) by striking ‘‘Interstate Commerce Com- Retirement Payments. ‘‘(B) transportation and environmental mission’’ in subsection (c)(2) and inserting economists, scientists, and engineers; and $267M for debt payments (avg.). ‘‘Surface Transportation Board’’; and $30M for environmental compliance. ‘‘(C) representatives of Amtrak, the Alaska (2) by striking ‘‘Commission’’ each place it Railroad, transit operating agencies, inter- $43M for ADA compliance. appears in subsection (c) and inserting $2.5M for onetime external assessment of city rail passenger agencies, railway labor ‘‘Board’’. Amtrak cost accounting. organizations, and environmental organiza- SEC.404. APPLICABILITY OF REVERSION TO ALAS- LONG-DISTANCE TRAINS ($580 M ANNUALLY) tions. KA RAILROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY PROP- ‘‘(d) NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.— The ERTY. $360M for operating. Secretary may make grants to, and enter Section 601(b) of the Alaska Railroad $120M for fleet. into cooperative agreements with, the Na- Transfer Act of 1982 (45 U.S.C. 1209(b)) is $80M for infrastructure. tional Academy of Sciences to carry out amended— $10M for stations/facilities. such activities relating to the research, tech- (1) by inserting ‘‘(1)’’ after ‘‘(b)’’; $10M for technology. nology, and technology transfer activities (2) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) SHORT DISTANCE & STATE-SUPPORTED ROUTES described in subsection (b) as the Secretary as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively; ($270 M ANNUALLY) deems appropriate.’’. and $190M annually for infrastructure.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1611 $50M annually for fleet. riod of time, since the birth of Amtrak, effective, and secure railroad passenger $10M annually for stations. we have only given $25 billion to our system. It also exposed how vulnerable $20M annually for technology. national passenger rail system. That’s that system is right now to terrorist RAIL PROJECT FINANCING ($350 M ANNUALLY) only 3 percent of all transportation attacks. I have traveled through the Expansion of the DOT’s Railroad Rehabili- funding in that period. That is appall- train tunnels that Amtrak uses, and let tation and Improvement Financing Program. ing. me tell you, these tunnels are just $35B authorization for DOT to provide If we want a national passenger rail plain frightening, poor ventilation, loans and loan guarantees (annual estimated system, and most Americans do, as all 10% credit risk premium). poor lighting, inadequate evacuation the polls indicate, then we are going to routes. Mr. BIDEN. Madam President, as my have to pay for it, and understand the This reauthorization bill would help good friend Senator HOLLINGS has just long-term commitment it takes to get the system deal with these tunnels and stated, we are on the brink of a very this kind of system up and running. important decision. Do we continue to Passenger rail in this country has other gaps in our passenger rail secu- underfund a national passenger rail never had a stable funding source in- rity. A one-time investment of $1.4 bil- system? Or do we finally stand behind stead, it has been subjected to the lion would provide security fencing, the system, committing to it once and whims and follies of the political proc- closed circuit television, tunnel reha- for all? ess, and it has lost this battle time and bilitation, increased security inspec- I agree with my good friend, the time again. tions, essential security-related im- chairman of the Commerce Committee, Every single industrialized country, provements. The Department of Trans- and that’s why I joined him in intro- France, Japan, Germany, subsidizes a portation itself has warned several ducing this important bill. For 30 national rail system. For years, we times in the last few years about the years, I have witnessed Congress dan- have been living in a fantasy - that necessity of quickly and fully funding gling a carrot in front of Amtrak’s somehow, we can have our cake and eat Amtrak’s security needs. $1.4 billion is eyes, funding it just enough for it to it too: that we could mandate Amtrak a small price to pay to avoid a repeat limp along. And I’ll tell you, this has to be self-sufficient without giving it of September 11. to stop. Now is the time to commit po- nearly enough money to do so. But Finally, this bill would bring a great- litically and financially to a strong, Amtrak cannot run a national rail net- er level of accountability to the whole safe, and efficient passenger rail sys- work, without adequate levels of Fed- structure. As Senator HOLLINGS indi- tem. And now is the time to determine eral investment, and still be expected cated, the $1.55 billion in funds for once and for all, what exactly it is that to be commercially self-sufficient. high-speed corridor planning and im- we want out of passenger rail service in That is just not rational. plementation would be run through the the country. Should this be a truly na- There are two steps, then, in ensur- Department of Transportation, so that tional system? And should we devote ing the future of passenger rail. Short- the Federal Government can work to- the resources necessary to maintain term, we have got to make sure that gether with state and local agencies in and expand this networks? we do not allow Amtrak to go bank- promoting the future of our rail sys- Senator HOLLINGS and the rest of my rupt, or worse, mortgage off their fu- tem. colleagues know that I support funding ture in a desperate attempt to stay the highway and aviation networks, afloat. That is why, alongside many of This bill, together with the $1.2 bil- our Nation has relied upon them for my colleagues, I have pushed for the lion appropriations for next year, will years, and they have served us well. full $1.2 billion appropriations amount bring us closer to the type of passenger But I look around today and I see that Amtrak has requested for next rail system that our Nation deserves crowded skies and congested roads. At year. This bare-bones minimum will and needs. As my good friend Senator the very same time, I see empty rails, give them the ability to maintain the HOLLINGS alluded to, 50 years ago, our with the potential to relieve this trans- current state of passenger rail, nothing leaders had the vision and foresight to portation burden and serve as a useful more, nothing less. stand up and say, we need an interstate alternative for Americans. And in the long-term, we need a new highway system, and we need to fund it As Senator HOLLINGS discussed just vision for the future of national pas- appropriately. Let us today go forward now, the events of September 11 fur- senger rail so these one-time, bare- with this blueprint in hand and create ther demonstrated, in stark and rigid bones funding requests are no longer an a similar network for passenger rail. terms, the necessity of transportation issue. This bill represents just such a choices. For years I have argued that vision. It would invest seriously in the By Mrs. CARNAHAN: we need to sit down together and begin planning and implementation of high- S. 1993. A bill to authorize a military an honest and frank discussion in order speed rail corridors, which provides the construction project for the construc- to create a blueprint for the future of most bang for the buck and which al- tion of a Weapons of Mass Destruction passenger rail. most every State Governor, Democrat Responder Training Facility at Fort And, let me tell you this, this bill or Republican, has been clamoring for Leonard Wood Missouri; to the Com- that I am introducing with Senator for years. It would provide money for mittee on Armed Services. HOLLINGS is a good, solid start. Instead debt payments, which Amtrak has in- Mrs. CARNAHAN. Madam President, of maintaining the status quo, the bill curred as a direct result of Federal I rise today to introduce important leg- offers a vision and a set of priorities for underfunding. It would authorize cap- islation for homeland defense, the the future of passenger rail in this ital investment funds, to begin to cor- Weapons of Mass Destruction Re- country. It says: we need to make sure rect the $5.8 billion capital backlog sponder Training Facility Act of 2002. this system is safe, as September 11 Amtrak faces today. And it would fund America’s war against international demonstrated it must be. It says: we operating costs for the long-distance terrorism has increased the need to need to seriously invest in the future of trains that provide essential service to prepare against the threat of weapons this system, which is high-speed rail. rural areas of the country. And it says: the Federal Government Moreover, it would address the seri- of mass destruction, known as WMDs. will need to adequately fund a national ous security concerns that plague our Currently the Army’s frontline of de- passenger rail network, no matter how rail system today. I stood up here fense against WMD threats, Fort Leon- the system is structured. months ago, right after one of the ard Wood, does not have the ability to And that is something that has al- worst events in our Nation’s history. I conduct full-scale, joint training year ways mystified me. When it comes to stood up here in order to call attention round. This preparation gap must be other forms of transportation, high- to what I thought, and continue to closed. Our national security depends ways and airplanes, we have given think, is a dire situation. And that is on the ability to effectively respond to them all they ask for, consistently pro- this matter of rail security. The events a WMD attack. That is why I have in- viding full Federal backing. Since 1971, of September 11 dramatically and troduced legislation to create a perma- in fact, we have given $750 billion to starkly revealed how essential it is nent training facility at Fort Leonard highways and aviation. In the same pe- that the United States have a national, Wood.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1612 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 Fort Leonard Wood has no dedicated more effectively in the Federal mar- HUBZone programs. The first deals facility for training active duty and ketplace. with the relationship between the two National Guard WMD responders. This This bipartisan legislation, cospon- programs when a small business has re- prevents both joint training and the sored by Senator KIT BOND, stems from ceived both an 8(a)BD and a HUBZone expansion of coordination among all a 1997 commitment Senator BOND and I certification, the second deals with the WMD responders. made to each other to seek equality be- sole-source threshold issue for these Last October, we in this body learned tween the Small Business Administra- firms. first hand the importance of a coordi- tion’s, SBA, 8(a)BD program and the First, an important factor in my de- nated response to WMD attacks. When HUBZone program. cision to support the HUBZone legisla- letters, filled with anthrax, were Much has been made lately of the tion with the negotiated changes to mailed to members of Congress, 50 of SBA’s proposed rule to establish ‘‘par- protect the 8(a)BD program was the our colleagues in the Senate and their ity’’ or equality between these two im- concept known as ‘‘super-priority’’ or staffs were evicted from the Hart office portant programs. Some in the con- ‘‘priority-preference.’’ The priority- building for over three months. Experts tracting community have opposed the preference stems from Congressional from several agencies and departments, proposed rule because they have con- intent that firms that are both 8(a)BD who never prepared together to respond cerns about the decline in the number and HUBZone certified receive a pref- to a WMD attack, worked to overcome of contracts and contract dollar values erence over a firm that has a certifi- setbacks and difficulties to make sure being awarded to 8(a)BD firms. I share cation in only one program. In addi- the Hart building was safe again. I the concerns of the contracting com- tion, the priority-preference was in- thank them for all their hard work. munity in this regard, but I do not tended to allow these firms to combine But we now know that to prepare for blame the HUBZone program for this the price evaluation preference avail- future threats, those responsible for re- decline. Rather, I blame the current able to them under each program, with sponding to WMD attacks must train procurement environment. the understanding that any offeror together. In 1997, working with then-Chairman would still need to meet a ‘‘responsive- Constructing of a permanent facility of the Senate Committee on Small ness’’ test in terms of their offer. Un- will enable joint training and coopera- Business, Senator BOND, I took the nec- fortunately, the new rule proposed by tion of WMD Civil Support Teams; De- essary steps to protect the 8(a)BD pro- the SBA does not include the priority- partment of Defense Emergency Re- gram. In my negotiations with Senator preference, and the SBA has issued sponders; Chemical, Biological, Radio- BOND, he agreed to change the legisla- guidance that states that the priority- logical and Nuclear Instillation Sup- tion creating the HUBZone program preference has no statutory provision port Teams; and Active and Reserve from one of HUBZone priority to one of to support its creation. Component Chemical Units. The need equality between the 8(a)BD and Although I strongly disagree with to conduct joint operations and train- HUBZone programs. Further, we nego- the SBA’s decision to end the priority- ing year round is important and imme- tiated a 3 percent increase in the Fed- preference, this legislation will rectify diate. It is vital to national security. eral Government’s small business goal, the situation by creating a statutory This is why the Army has placed the raising it from 20 percent to 23 percent, priority-preference for firms that have highest priority on building a perma- in order to accommodate the HUBZone both an 8(a)BD and a HUBZone certifi- nent facility at Fort Leonard Wood. program, which when fully phased in cation. Such a provision will help com- This legislation will compliment S. for Fiscal Year 2003 will have a 3 per- bine the benefits of each program and 1909, which was introduced by my cent governmentwide goal. This in- bring additional jobs and opportunities friend and colleague from Missouri. crease was put in place specifically to to underdeveloped areas. I view this Senator BOND’s legislation calls for the accommodate the HUBZone program provision as a win-win for the 8(a)BD establishment of a unified command and ensure that 8(a)BD firms did not and HUBZone contracting commu- for homeland defense, a post both the lose Federal contracts to the HUBZone nities. President and the Secretary of Defense program. Second, this legislation makes an im- support. The fact remains, however, despite portant update to both the 8(a)BD and S. 1909 will allow the Department of these protections, that 8(a)BD firms HUBZone programs by raising the sole- Defense to more effectively manage are experiencing a decline in Federal source thresholds. One of the most im- homeland defense resources by cen- procurement, which some place as high portant attributes of both of these pro- trally locating the unified command as 34 percent since 1997. The cause of grams is the authority for small busi- within the United States, away from a this decline has its roots in the new nesses to receive contracts on a sole- major population center at an Armed procurement environment created by source basis. This excellent benefit is Forces facility already in use for WMD the reforms in the mid-1990s, such as limited, however, by a cap on the dol- training. passage of the Federal Acquisition lar amount for sole-source contracts. Fort Leonard Wood meets all of these Streamlining Act and the Federal Ac- Currently, contracts for goods and requirements and seems like an ideal quisition Reform Act, the regulatory services are limited to $3 million, while candidate to fulfill this new and impor- changes to procurement programs in manufacturing contracts are limited to tant national security role. But Fort response to the Adarand Inc. v. Pena $5 million. This legislation updates Leonard Wood is not yet ready. While decision, and reductions in the acquisi- those limits by $1 million for each cat- it has taken the lead in preparing WMD tion workforce. Because negative egory—an update that has been needed responders, there is yet another step to trends hit minority-owned firms first for some time and that Senator BOND take. We must ensure that the country and hardest, these small businesses and I nearly succeeded in including in is prepared for future attacks by estab- have borne a disproportionate share of the Small Business Reauthorization lishing a permanent training facility the percentage decline in Federal con- Act of 2000. By increasing the sole- now. tract dollars being awarded to small source thresholds, the Federal govern- businesses. ment will immediately put more con- By Mr. KERRY (for himself and To help combat the negative effects tract dollars into the hands of 8(a)BD Mr. BOND): of procurement reform, I have been and HUBZone firms. S. 1994. A bill to establish a priority taking a very close look at the SBA’s As I mentioned earlier in my state- preference among certain small busi- programs to assist small businesses, es- ment, this legislation is merely one ness concerns for purposes of Federal pecially small businesses owned by so- step in the process to help reverse the contracts, and for other purposes; to cially and economically disadvantaged negative trends procurement reform the Committee on Small Business and individuals. The legislation being in- has had on our nation’s small busi- Entrepreneurship. troduced today is the first step in halt- nesses. Mr. KERRY. Madam President, today ing and reversing the decline brought It is my hope that we can move this I am introducing legislation to help about by procurement reform. legislation through the Senate quickly, our nation’s 8(a) Business Develop- This legislation specifically address- and I would urge all of my colleagues ment, BD, and HUBZone firms compete es two critical areas of the 8(a)BD and to lend their support.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1613 Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I appre- be a means toward that end. But if a health insurers and employers is be- ciate the opportunity to come to the firm requires a 20 percent preference to coming more urgent everyday. If, be- Floor once again on another bipartisan win a contract, it probably has not cause of concerns about the way the in- matter with the distinguished chair- done what it needs to do to become ef- formation could be used, people are un- man of the Small Business Committee. ficient and ready for the competitive willing to use the potential unlocked We have such a constructive working marketplace. I am concerned that a 20 by the Genome project to take relationship in the Federal procure- percent preference will be an unreason- proactive steps to protect their health ment issue area, and I always welcome able subsidy for inefficient firms. If a and that of their loved ones, then we the opportunity to work with the Sen- small business bidder is not even able will never reap the true benefits of this ator from Massachusetts, Mr. KERRY, to get within 20 percent of the lowest discovery. to advance small business participa- bidder, it probably is not a viable en- While we cannot yet prevent diseases tion in Government contracting. terprise, and subsidizing its existence such as breast cancer, genetic testing This bill we are introducing today is not the highest and best use of tax- makes it possible for carriers of these will further clarify the relationship be- payer monies. diseases to take extra precautions. In tween the HUBZone and 8(a) con- With that reservation, I am happy to fact, early detection is the best weapon tracting programs. This relationship cosponsor this measure with the Sen- we have to combat many of these dis- has been a strongly debated topic late- ator from Massachusetts. I am con- eases we can now identify, and for ly, although we thought our Com- fident we can come to some kind of ac- breast cancer it is a critical component mittee provided clear guidance on the commodation on the price evaluation when one considers that almost 192,000 matter in the 1997 HUBZone Act. In the preference, and look forward to work- women were struck by the disease last matter before us, we are clarifying ing with him to do so. year. Technological advances in what happens when firms are eligible screenings coupled with the ability to for both programs and become cer- By Ms. SNOWE (for herself, Mr. identify who carries the gene linked to tified. FRIST, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. ENZI, breast cancer can help us in our efforts The original Small Business Admin- Ms. COLLINS, Mr. HAGEL, Mr. to reduce this number. The possibili- istration regulations on the HUBZone DEWINE, and Mr. GREGG): ties for this discovery are limited only program called for the highest con- S. 1995. A bill to prohibit discrimina- by the willingness, or unwillingness, of tracting priority to be given to tion on the basis of genetic informa- people to use this knowledge. HUBZone 8(a) ‘‘dual status’’ firms. tion with respect to health insurance In 1997, a woman from Maine brought That is, if a firm has been certified in and employment; to the Committee on the reality of this dilemma home for both programs, it moves to the head of Health, Education, Labor, and Pen- me when she wrote of her very real fear the class in getting Government con- sions. of the repercussions associated with ge- tracts. The HUBZone regulations said Ms. SNOWE. Madam President, I rise netic testing. Bonnie Lee Tucker has that, in a HUBZone set-aside, an 8(a) today to introduce the Genetic Infor- nine women in her immediate family firm should win over non-8(a) firms. mation Non-Discrimination in Health who were diagnosed with breast cancer, Unfortunately, a comparable change Insurance and Employment Act of 2002. and she herself is a survivor. She wrote was not included in the 8(a) regula- I am joined in introducing this bill by to me about her fear of having the tions, to give HUBZone firms a pref- Senators FRIST, JEFFORDS, ENZI, COL- BRCA test for breast cancer, because erence in 8(a) set-asides. In a letter to LINS, HAGEL, DEWINE, and GREGG. she worries it will ruin her daughter’s SBA’s Acting General Counsel last The legislation I am introducing ability to obtain insurance in the fu- year, I asked SBA to resolve this in- today is the culmination of several ture. consistency. months work, though it is, in fact, the Bonnie Lee isn’t the only one who Robert Gangwere, the Acting General second part of an effort that started has this fear. When the National Insti- Counsel, stated he did not think SBA several years ago. Specifically, in April tutes of Health offered women genetic had the statutory authority to grant a 1996, I introduced the Genetic Informa- testing, nearly 32 percent of those who ‘‘superpreference’’ to HUBZone 8(a) tion Nondiscrimination in Health In- were offered a test for breast cancer dual status firms. Currently, SBA has a surance Act, legislation that was de- risk declined to take it citing concerns proposed rulemaking in progress that signed to protect people’s genetic in- about health insurance discrimination. deletes the ‘‘superpreference’’ lan- formation and results of genetic test- What good is scientific progress if it guage. ing, or requests for genetic testing, cannot be applied to those who would This bill would restore that. In a from being used against them by their most benefit? HUBZone set-aside (a competition re- health insurers. Back then, time was Dr. Francis Collins, the Director of stricted only to firms that are on our side as the completion of the the National Human Genome Research HUBZone firms), an 8(a) bidder would Genome was years off. Institute, has testified before Congress have priority over non-8(a) HUBZone However, four years later, in June about the next step for those involved bidders. A comparable change would be 2000, everything changed with the an- in the Genome project. He explained made in the 8(a) set-aside, giving nouncement that the first working that the project’s scientists were en- HUBZone firms priority. I think this is draft of the Human Genome was com- gaged in a major endeavor to ‘‘uncover reasonable, in that it encourages firms pleted. And since that time, science the connections between particular to take advantage of both programs. has continued to hurry forward, further genes and particular diseases,’’ to I do have one reservation with this opening the door to early detection and apply the knowledge they just un- bill. Both the HUBZone program and medical intervention through the dis- locked. In order to do this, Dr. Collins the Small Disadvantaged Business pro- covery and identification of specific said, ‘‘we need a vigorous research en- gram, of which 8(a) is a part, offer a 10 genes linked to diseases like breast terprise with the involvement of large percent price evaluation preference cancer, Huntington’s Disease, glau- numbers of individuals, so that we can under certain circumstances in full- coma, colon cancer and cystic fibrosis. draw more precise connections between and-open competition. The old SBA Unfortunately, like so many other a particular spelling of a gene and a rules called for HUBZone 8(a) combined scientific breakthroughs in history, the particular outcome.’’ However, this ef- firms to get a 20 percent price evalua- completion of the Genome not only fort cannot be successful if people are tion preference, combining both the brought about the prospect for medical afraid of possible repercussions of their HUBZone preference and the Small advances, such as improved detection participation in genetic testing. Disadvantaged Business preference. I and intervention, but also potential The bottom line is that, given the ad- think 20 percent is excessive. harm and abuse, as the knowledge of vances in science, there are two sepa- One of the goals of the small business individual genetic information could be rate issues at hand. The first is to re- program is to try to help small firms used against the very same person it is strict discrimination by health insur- stabilize and develop, so they can sur- invented to help. ers and the second to prevent employ- vive in a competitive marketplace. Accordingly, the need for protections ment discrimination, based upon ge- Government contracts are supposed to against genetic discrimination by both netic information.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1614 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 With regard to health insurance, the It’s my sincere hope that the bi-par- insurance area and expands our pre- issues are clear and familiar, and some- tisan legislation I introduce today is vious legislation to address the threat thing the Senate has debated before, in the beginning of the end of the debate of employment discrimination and the context of the consideration of in our effort to ensure that every one health insurance based on genetic in- larger privacy issues. As Congress de- of us is just as protected from discrimi- formation. Moreover, the bill incor- bated what is now the Health Insur- nation because of what is in our genes porates the most recent scientific un- ance Portability and Accountability as we are from our heritages, our gen- derstandings in the field of genetics re- Act of 1996, we also addressed the ders and our impairments. search in establishing protections and issues of privacy of medical informa- Mr. FRIST. Madam President, I rise defining relevant terms. tion. And any legislation that seeks to once again today to speak on the crit- I believe that it is incumbent upon us fully address these issues must con- ical issue of genetic discrimination and to pass legislation this year that is sider the interaction of the new protec- to proudly join my colleagues, Sen- comprehensive, consistent, reasonable tions with the newly promulgated pri- ators SNOWE, JEFFORDS, COLLINS, ENZI, and fair. I am troubled by some legisla- vacy rule which was mandated by DEWINE, HAGEL, and GREGG in intro- tive approaches that would place these HIPAA, and our legislation does just ducing the Genetic Information Non- new protections outside of the estab- that. discrimination Act of 2002. lished framework of our time-tested Now we must ensure that we protect The threat of genetic discrimination, civil rights laws and that would estab- genetic information, genetic tests, as both in the workplace and with respect lish separate protections against ge- well as information regarding a request to health insurance coverage, is one of netic discrimination than exist for for genetic testing, from being used by the most troublesome Congress faces. other types of discrimination. The bill the insurer against the patient. Ge- As our scientific knowledge has im- today meets that standard of providing netic information only detects the po- proved, the threat of discrimination strong protections that are consistent tential for a genetically linked disease has increased. As a physician, as a with the current state of scientific or disorder, and potential does not medical researcher, and ranking mem- knowledge, as well as current law. equal a diagnosis of disease. However, ber of the Subcommittee on Public I commend my colleagues for their it is critical that this information be Health, I have a long and deep interest commitment to this issue. I also com- available to doctors and other health in this issue, and I believe we have a mend President Bush for his commit- care professionals when necessary to unique responsibility to ensure that ment to ensuring strong protections diagnose, or treat, an illness. It is the medical and scientific progress does against genetic discrimination and for difference that we must recognize as not result in individual harm. calling attention to this critical mat- we discuss legislation to protect pa- For example, I am deeply troubled by ter. Through this important legisla- tients from potential discriminatory reports of women declining genetic tion, we have the opportunity to dispel practices by insurers. testing out of fear that they may lose Unlike our legislative history on de- the threat of discrimination based on their health insurance, even though a bating health privacy matters, the an individual’s genetic heritage, and I genetic test might reveal that a woman issues surrounding protecting genetic look forward to working with my col- is not at high risk and therefore allow information from workplace discrimi- leagues to enact this legislation this her to make more informed health care nation is new. And to that end, the leg- year. choices. When I first joined Senator islation I introduce today creates these f SNOWE to introduce legislation banning protections in the workplace. As dem- genetic discrimination in health insur- SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS onstrated by the Burlington Northern ance in 1998, almost one-third of case, the threat of employment dis- women offered a test for breast cancer crimination is real and therefore it is SENATE RESOLUTION 217—REL- risk at the National Institutes of essential that we take this information ATIVE TO THE DEATH OF THE off the table, so to speak, before the Health declined, citing concerns about HONORABLE HOWARD W. CAN- use of this information becomes wide- health insurance discrimination. If un- NON, FORMERLY A SENATOR spread. While Congress has not yet de- checked and unregulated, this fear of FROM THE STATE OF NEVADA bated this specific type of employment discrimination clearly has the poten- tial to prevent individuals from par- Mr. DASCHLE (for himself, Mr. discrimination, we have a great deal of LOTT, Mr. REID, and Mr. ENSIGN) sub- employment case law and legislative ticipating in research studies or taking advantages of new genetic technologies mitted the following resolution; which history on which to build. was considered and agreed to: As we considered the need for this to improve their medical care. S. RES. 217 type of protection, we agreed that we Scientific advances hold the promise of higher quality medical care, yet Resolved, That the Senate has heard with must extend current law discrimina- profound sorrow and deep regret the an- tion protections to genetic informa- there is a pressing need for federal leg- islation to reassure the public that nouncement of the death of the Honorable tion. We reviewed current employment Howard W. Cannon, formerly a Senator from discrimination law and considered learning this information will not re- the State of Nevada. what sort of remedies people would sult in a loss of health insurance cov- Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate have for instances of genetic discrimi- erage or in the loss of a job. I am com- communicate these resolutions to the House nation and if these remedies would be mitted to a bipartisan legislative solu- of Representatives and transmit an enrolled different from those available to people tion, and have worked extensively to- copy thereof to the family of the deceased. wards this goal with Senator SNOWE, Resolved, That when the Senate adjourns under current law, for instance under today, it stand adjourned as a further mark JEFFORDS, and a number of the mem- the ADA or the EEOC. of respect to the memory of the deceased The bill we introduce today creates bers of this Committee over the past Senator. new protections by paralleling current several years. I believe that, together, f law. In addition it addresses changes in we have made an important step in ad- the law that have occurred since the dressing this through the Genetic In- AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED AND original introduction of my bill and the formation Nondiscrimination in Health PROPOSED other bills on this subject. The momen- Insurance Act, which has been passed SA 2980. Mr. DASCHLE (for himself, Mr. tum to address this issue has finally by the Senate on three separate occa- BINGAMAN, Mr. REID, Mr. MURKOWSKI, Mr. reached a critical mass. Clearly this is sions. STEVENS, and Mr. BAYH) proposed an amend- an issue whose time has come. Today, we are building on that work, ment to amendment SA 2917 proposed by Mr. It has been more than eighteen and on the solid foundations estab- DASCHLE (for himself and Mr. BINGAMAN) to months since the completion of the lished in law by the Civil Rights Act, the bill (S. 517) to authorize funding the De- working draft of the Human Genome. Americans with Disabilities Act, and partment of Energy to enhance its mission areas through technology transfer and part- Like a book which is never opened, the Health Insurance Portability and Ac- nerships for fiscal years 2002 through 2006, wonders of the Human Genome are use- countability Act. The Genetic Informa- and for other purposes. less unless people are willing to take tion Nondiscrimination Act of 2002 SA 2981. Mr. MILLER submitted an amend- advantage of it. builds upon our progress in the health ment intended to be proposed to amendment

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1615

SA 2917 proposed by Mr. DASCHLE (for him- (2) DEFINITION OF PICKUP TRUCK.—Section of Alaska, at such locations as the Secretary self and Mr. BINGAMAN) to the bill (S. 517) 32901(a) of such title (as amended by sub- deems appropriate, training center(s) for the supra; which was ordered to lie on the table. section (b)) is further amended— express purpose of training Alaskan resi- SA 2982. Mr. MURKOWSKI (for himself and (A) in paragraph (17), by inserting ‘‘, other dents in the skills and crafts necessary in Mr. STEVENS) proposed an amendment to than a pickup truck,’’ after ‘‘automobile’’ in the design, construction and operation of gas amendment SA 2980 proposed by Mr. the matter preceding subparagraph (A); and pipelines in Alaska. The training center DASCHLE (for himself, Mr. BINGAMAN, Mr. (B) by adding at the end the following new shall also train Alaskan residents in the REID, Mr. MURKOWSKI, Mr. STEVENS, and Mr. paragraph; skills required to write, offer, and monitor BAYH) to the amendment SA 2917 proposed ‘‘(18) ‘pickup truck’ has the meaning given contracts in support of the design, construc- by Mr. DASCHLE (for himself and Mr. BINGA- that term in regulations prescribed by the tion, and operation of Alaska gas pipelines. MAN) to the bill (S. 517) supra. Secretary for the administration of this ‘‘ ‘(c) In implementing the report and pro- chapter, as in effect on January 1, 2002, ex- f gram described in this section, the Secretary cept that such term shall also include any shall consult with the Alaskan Governor. TEXT OF AMENDMENTS additional vehicle that the Secretary defines ‘‘ ‘(d) There are authorized to be appro- SA 2980. Mr. DASCHLE (for himself, as a pickup truck in regulations prescribed priated to the Secretary such sums as may for the administration of this chapter after Mr. BINGAMAN, Mr. REID, Mr. MUR- be necessary, but not to exceed $20,000,000 for such date.’’. KOWSKI, Mr. STEVENS and Mr. BAYH) the purposes of this section.’.’’. proposed an amendment to amendment SA 2982. Mr. MURKOWSKI (for him- f SA 2917 proposed by Mr. DASCHLE (for self and Mr. STEVENS) proposed an AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO himself and Mr. BINGAMAN) to the bill amendment to amendment SA 2980 pro- MEET (S. 517) to authorize funding the De- posed by Mr. DASCHLE (for himself, Mr. COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, NUTRITION, AND partment of Energy to enhance its mis- BINGAMAN, Mr. REID, Mr. MURKOWSKI, FORESTRY sion areas through technology transfer Mr. STEVENS, and Mr. BAYH) to the Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask and partnerships for fiscal years 2002 amendment SA 2917 proposed by Mr. unanimous consent that the Com- through 2006, and for other purposes; as DASCHLE (for himself and Mr. BINGA- mittee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and follows: MAN) to the bill (S. 517) to authorize Forestry be authorized to conduct a Insert the following after Section 704(d): funding the Department of Energy to nomination hearing during the session ‘‘(e) PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN PIPELINE enhance its mission areas through of the Senate on Wednesday, March 6, ROUTE.—No license, permit, lease, right-of- technology transfer and partnerships way, authorization or other approval re- 2002, at 9:30 a.m. The purpose of this for fiscal years 2002 through 2006, and quired under Federal law for the construc- hearing will be to consider the fol- for other purposes; as follows: tion of any pipeline to transport natural gas lowing nominations: Thomas Dorr the from lands within the Prudhoe Bay oil and At the end of the amendment insert the nominee for Under Secretary of Rural gas lease area may be granted for any pipe- following: line that follows a route that traverses— On page 142 after line 20 insert a new sec- Development; Nancy Bryson, the ad- ‘‘(1) the submerged lands (as defined by the tion as follows and renumber all following ministration’s nominee to serve as gen- Submerged Lands Act) beneath, or the adja- sections accordingly: eral counsel for USDA; and Grace Dan- cent shoreline of, the Beaufort Sea; and ‘‘ ‘SEC. 708. STATE JURISDICTION OVER IN-STATE iel and Fred Dailey who are nominated ‘‘(2) enters Canada at any point north of 68 DELIVERY OF NATURAL GAS. to serve on the Board of Federal Agri- degrees North latitude.’’ ‘‘ ‘(a) Any facility receiving natural gas cultural Mortgage Corporation. Insert the following after Section 706(c): from the Alaska natural gas transportation The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ‘‘(d) STATE COORDINATION.—The Federal project for delivery to consumers within the Coordinator shall enter into a Joint Surveil- State of Alaska shall be deemed to be a local objection, it is so ordered. lance and Monitoring Agreement, approved distribution facility within the meaning of COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN by the President and the Governor of Alaska, section 1(b) of the Natural Gas Act, and AFFAIRS with the State of Alaska similar to that in therefore not subject to the jurisdiction of Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask effect during construction of the Trans-Alas- the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. unanimous consent that the Com- ka Oil Pipeline to monitor the construction ‘‘ ‘(b) Nothing in this Subtitle, except as mittee on Banking, Housing, and of the Alaska natural gas transportation provided in subsection 704(e), shall preclude Urban Affairs be authorized to meet project. The federal government shall have or affect any future gas pipeline that may be primary surveillance and monitoring respon- constructed to deliver natural gas to Fair- during the session of the Senate on sibility where the Alaska natural gas trans- banks, Anchorage, Matanuska-Susitna Val- Wednesday, March 6, 2002, at 10 a.m., to portation project crosses federal lands and ley, or the Kenai peninsula or Valdez or any conduct an oversight hearing on ‘‘Ac- private lands, and the state government other site in the State of Alaska for con- counting and Investor Protection shall have primary surveillance and moni- sumption within or distribution outside the Issues Raised by Enron and Other Pub- toring responsibility where the Alaska nat- State of Alaska.’ lic Companies; Oversight of the Ac- ural gas transportation project crosses state ‘‘On page 148 after line 2 insert: counting Profession, Audit Quality and lands.’’ ‘‘ ‘SEC. 714. ALASKAN PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION Independence, and Formulation of Ac- TRAINING PROGRAM. SA 2981. Mr. MILLER submitted an ‘‘ ‘(a) Within six months after enactment of counting Principles.’’ amendment intended to be proposed to this Act the Secretary of Labor (hereinafter The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without amendment SA 2917 proposed by Mr. referred to as the ‘Secretary’) shall submit a objection, it is so ordered. DASCHLE (for himself and Mr. BINGA- report to the Committee on Energy and nat- COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC MAN) to the bill (S. 517) to authorize ural Resources of the United States Senate WORKS funding the Department of Energy to and the Committee on Resources of the Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask enhance its mission areas through United States House of Representatives set- ting forth a program to train Alaska resi- unanimous consent that the Com- technology transfer and partnerships dents in the skills and crafts required in the mittee on Environmental and Public for fiscal years 2002 through 2006, and design, construction, and operation of an Works be authorized to meet on for other purposes; which was ordered Alaska gas pipeline system that will enhance Wednesday, March 6, 2002, at 9:30 a.m., to lie on the table; as follows: employment and contracting opportunities to conduct a hearing to receive testi- On page 155, between lines 17 and 18, insert for Alaskan residents. The report shall also mony on S. 975, the Community Char- the following: describe any laws, rules, regulations and acter Act of 2001; and S. 1079, the (c) AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY STANDARDS policies which act as a deterrent to hiring Brownfield Site Redevelopment Assist- Alaskan residents or contracting with Alas- FOR PICKUP TRUCKS.— ance Act of 2001. (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 32902(b) of title 49, kan residents to perform work on Alaska gas United States Code (as amended by sub- pipelines, together with any recommenda- The hearing will be held in SD–406. section (b)(3)) is further amended by adding tions for changes. For purposes of this sec- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without at the end the following new paragraph: tion Alaskan residents shall be defined as objection, it is so ordered. ‘‘(6) PICKUP TRUCKS.—The average fuel those individuals eligible to vote within the COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS economy standard for pickup trucks manu- State of Alaska on the date of enactment of Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask factured by a manufacturer in a model year this Act. after model year 2004 shall be 20.7 miles per ‘‘ ‘(b) Within 1 year of the date the report unanimous consent that the Com- gallon. No average fuel economy standard is transmitted to Congress, the Secretary mittee on Foreign Relations be author- prescribed under another provision of this shall, directly or through grants or coopera- ized to meet during the session of the section shall apply to pickup trucks.’’. tive agreements, establish within the State Senate on Wednesday, March 6, 2002, at

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00063 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1616 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 9:30 a.m., to hold a hearing titled, on Wednesday, March 6, 2002, at 2:30 Mr. LIEBERMAN. Madam President, ‘‘Dirty Bombs’’. p.m., on the Nation’s wireline and wire- first, I ask unanimous consent that Agenda less communications infrastructure in Dennis Leaf, a congressional fellow light of September 11. with my office, be given floor privi- Witnesses The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without leges for the consideration of the en- Panel 1: Dr. Steven E. Koonin, Pro- objection, it is so ordered. ergy bill. vost, California Institute of Tech- SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMERGING THREATS AND The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without nology, Pasadena, CA; Dr. Harry C. CAPABILITIES objection, it is so ordered. Vantine, Division Leader, Counter- Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask Mr. HOLLINGS. Madam President, I terrorism and Incident Response, Law- unanimous consent that the Sub- ask unanimous consent that David rence Livermore National Laboratory, committee on Emerging Threats and Matsuda, a fellow from the Department Livermore, CA; Dr. Henry C. Kelly, Capabilities of Committee on Armed of Transportation, be granted floor President, Federation of American Sci- Services be authorized to meet during privileges during the discussion of the entists, Washington, DC; and Dr. Don- the session of the Senate on Wednes- S. 517. ald D. Cobb, Associate Laboratory Di- day, March 6, 2002, at 2:30 p.m., in open The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without rector for Threat Reduction, Los Ala- session to receive testimony on the objection, it is so ordered. mos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, nonproliferation programs of the De- Mr. STEVENS. Madam President, I NM. partment of Energy and the Coopera- ask unanimous consent that the fol- Panel 2: Dr. Richard A. Meserve, tive Threat Reduction Program of the lowing members of my staff be allowed Chairman, Nuclear Regulatory Com- Department of Defense in review of the the privilege of the floor during the re- mission, Washington, DC. Defense authorization request for fiscal mainder of the consideration of the en- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without year 2003. ergy debate: Dave Russell, George objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Lowe, Andy Givens, Mark Davis, COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS objection, it is so ordered. Melany Alvord, Matt Paxton, and Jus- Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask SUBCOMMITTEE ON PUBLIC HEALTH tin Stiefel. unanimous consent that the Com- Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without mittee on Governmental Affairs be au- unanimous consent that the Com- objection, it is so ordered. thorized to meet on Wednesday, March mittee on Health, Education, Labor, f 6, 2002, at 9:30 a.m., to hold a hearing and Pensions, Subcommittee on Public EXECUTIVE SESSION entitled ‘‘Who’s Doing Work for the Health, be authorized to meet for a Government?: Monitoring, Account- hearing on ‘‘Health Tracking: Improv- ability and Competition in the Federal ing Surveillance of Chronic Conditions EXECUTIVE CALENDAR and Service Contract Workforce.’’ and Potential Links to Environmental The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Exposures,’’ during the session of the Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask objection, it is so ordered. Senate on Wednesday, March 6, 2002, at unanimous consent the Senate proceed SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE 10 a.m. to executive session to consider Execu- Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without tive Calendar No. 621, the nomination unanimous consent that the Select objection, it is so ordered. be confirmed, the motion to reconsider be laid on the table, the President be Committee on Intelligence be author- SUBCOMMITTEE ON READINESS AND ized to meet during the session of the MANAGEMENT SUPPORT immediately notified of the Senate’s Senate on Wednesday, March 6, 2002, at Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask action, any statements be printed in 2:30 p.m., to hold a closed hearing on unanimous consent that the Sub- the RECORD, and the Senate return to intelligence matters. committee on Readiness and Manage- legislative session. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ment Support of the Committee on The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Armed Services be authorized to meet objection, it is so ordered. The nomination was considered and SUBCOMMITTEE ON ANTITRUST, COMPETITION during the session of the Senate on confirmed as follows: AND BUSINESS AND CONSUMER RIGHTS Wednesday, March 6, 2002, at 10 a.m., in Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask open session to receive testimony on DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY unanimous consent that the Com- Department of Defense financial man- Margaret S.Y. Chu, of New Mexico, to be mittee on the Judiciary Subcommittee agement. Director of the Office of Civilian Radioactive on Antitrust, Competition and Busi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Waste Management, Department of Energy. ness and Consumer Rights be author- objection, it is so ordered. f ized to meet to conduct a hearing on SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION LEGISLATIVE SESSION Wednesday, March 6, 2002, at 10:30 a.m., Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under in Dirksen 226. unanimous consent that the Sub- the previous order, the Senate will re- Witness List: Jeremiah W. ‘‘Jay’’ committee on Housing and Transpor- turn to legislative session. Nixon, Attorney General, State of Mis- tation of the Committee on Banking, souri, Jefferson City, Missouri; Charles Housing, and Urban Affairs be author- f W. Ergen, Chairman and CEO, Echostar ized to meet during the session of the APPOINTMENT Communications, Littleton, Colorado; Senate on Wednesday, March 6, 2002, at Edward O. Fritts, President and CEO, 2:30 p.m., to conduct an oversight hear- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The National Association of Broadcasters, ing on ‘‘Reauthorization of the HUD Chair, on behalf of the majority leader, Washington, DC; Eddy W. Hartenstein, McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance in consultation with the Republican President and CEO, DIRECTV, Inc., El Act Programs.’’ leader, pursuant to Public Law 68–541, Segundo, California; Gene Kimmelman, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without as amended by Public Law 102–246, re- Co-Director, Consumers Union, Wash- objection, it is so ordered. appoints Bernard Rapoport of Texas as ington, DC; and Robert Pitofsky, a member of the Library of Congress f former Chairman of the Federal Trade Trust Fund Board for a term of five Commission, Washington, DC. PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR years, upon the expiration of his cur- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. THOMAS. Madam President, I rent term on March 10, 2002. objection, it is so ordered. ask unanimous consent that Nancy f SUBCOMMITTEE ON COMMUNICATION Perkins, of Senator GREGG’s office, Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I ask have the privilege of the floor through- PERMITTING THE USE OF THE unanimous consent that the Sub- out the consideration of the energy ROTUNDA OF THE CAPITOL committee on Communications of the bill. Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask Committee on Commerce, Science, and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without unanimous consent the Senate now Transportation be authorized to meet objection, it is so ordered. proceed to H. Con. Res. 305 which was

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1617 just received from the House and is the Senate, I ask unanimous consent To be colonel now at the desk. the Senate stand in adjournment under KEVIN D. BARON, 0000 LAURA E. BATTLE, 0000 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the provisions of S. Res. 217, as a mark AMY M. BECHTOLD, 0000 clerk will report the concurrent resolu- of respect to the memory of the de- TERRIE M. GENT, 0000 THOMAS J. HASTY III, 0000 tion by title. ceased Honorable Howard W. Cannon, a STEVEN A. HATFIELD, 0000 The assistant legislative clerk read Senator from the State of Nevada. THOMAS C. JASTER, 0000 EUGENE J. KIRSCHBAUM, 0000 as follows: There being no objection, the Senate, STEWART L. NOEL, 0000 A concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 305) at 6:42 p.m., adjourned until Thursday, MARY V. PERRY, 0000 RONALD M. REED, 0000 permitting the use of the Rotunda of the March 7, 2002, at 10 a.m. JEFFREY L. ROBB, 0000 Capitol for a ceremony to present a gold f DANIEL E. ROGERS, 0000 medal on behalf of Congress to former Presi- PAMELA D. STEVENSON, 0000 PAUL E. VAN MALDEGHEM, 0000 dent Ronald Reagan and his wife Nancy NOMINATIONS BRIAN J. WELSH, 0000 Reagan. Executive nominations received by THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT There being no objection, the Senate the Senate March 6, 2002: TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES AIR proceeded to consider the concurrent FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE To be colonel resolution. HUMANITIES Mr. REID. I ask unanimous consent JORGE ACEVEDO, 0000 JEFFREY D. WALLIN, OF CALIFORNIA, TO BE A MEMBER EDWARD N. ADDISON, 0000 the concurrent resolution be agreed to, OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE HUMANITIES FOR A LINDA S. ALDRICH, 0000 TERM EXPIRING JANUARY 26, 2006, VICE RON CHEW. JOHN M. AMRINE, 0000 the motion to reconsider be laid upon RICHARD L. ANDERSON II, 0000 the table, that any statements relating DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE SHERI W. ANDINO, 0000 STEPHEN J. APPLE, 0000 thereto be printed in the RECORD, with PETER A. LAWRENCE, OF NEW YORK, TO BE UNITED JOSE R. ARAGON, 0000 no intervening action or debate. STATES MARSHAL FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF NEW THOMAS ARKO, 0000 YORK FOR THE TERM OF FOUR YEARS, VICE JOHN PAT- STEVEN E. ARMSTRONG, 0000 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without RICK MCCAFFREY, TERM EXPIRED. BRADLEY D. ARNOLD, 0000 objection, it is so ordered. IN THE NAVY MICHAEL W. ARNOLD, 0000 JARED A. ASTIN, 0000 The concurrent resolution (H. Con. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT LAWRENCE G. AVERY JR., 0000 Res. 305) was agreed to. IN THE UNITED STATES NAVAL RESERVE TO THE GRADE PETER R. AXUP, 0000 INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: RICHARD R. AYRES, 0000 f ROBERT P. BAINE III, 0000 To be rear admiral (lower half) HOWARD B. BAKER, 0000 RELATIVE TO THE DEATH OF THE CAPT. WILLIAM D. MASTERS JR., 0000 MICHAEL K. BAKER, 0000 SHELBY G. BALL, 0000 HONORABLE HOWARD W. CANNON THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT RAMONA G. BARNES, 0000 IN THE UNITED STATES NAVAL RESERVE TO THE GRADE EDMUND L. BARNETTE JR., 0000 Mr. REID. I ask unanimous consent INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: REBECCA L. BEAMAN, 0000 the Senate proceed to consideration of To be rear admiral (lower half) GROVER P. BEASLEY III, 0000 STEVEN J. BEATTY, 0000 S. Res. 217, submitted earlier today. CAPT. CRAIG O. MCDONALD, 0000 ALLAN R. BECK, 0000 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT JEFFREY K. BEENE, 0000 clerk will report the resolution by IN THE UNITED STATES NAVAL RESERVE TO THE GRADE ROBERT J. BELETIC, 0000 INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: MICHAEL A. BENJAMIN, 0000 title. STEVEN W. BERNARD, 0000 To be rear admiral (lower half) SCOTT A. BETHEL, 0000 The legislative clerk read as follows: STEVEN K. BIBLE, 0000 CAPT. DAVID O. ANDERSON, 0000 A resolution (S. Res. 217) relative to the GREGORY M. BILLMAN, 0000 CAPT. DAVID J. CRONK, 0000 DANIEL J. BISANTI, 0000 death of the Honorable Howard W. Cannon, CAPT. DIRK J. DEBBINK, 0000 JEAN E. BITNER, 0000 formerly a Senator from the State of Ne- CAPT. FRANK F. RENNIE IV, 0000 EILEEN A. BJORKMAN, 0000 vada. IN THE AIR FORCE STEVEN M. BLACK, 0000 DAVID A. BLEHM, 0000 There being no objection, the Senate THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT JOHN V. BOGGESS, 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES AIR KEVIN G. BOGGS, 0000 proceeded to consider the resolution. FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: KIM A. BOWLING, 0000 Mr. REID. I ask unanimous consent To be colonel MARK E. BRACICH, 0000 resolution be agreed to and the motion JEFFREY A. BRAND, 0000 DERRICK K. ANDERSON, 0000 THOMAS M. BREEN, 0000 to reconsider be laid on the table with- CARL M. ANDREWS, 0000 DAVID C. BREWER, 0000 out any intervening action or debate. MARION T. HARNED, 0000 JAMES G. BREWSTER JR., 0000 JOE F. JOHNSTON, 0000 DEIDRE E. BRIGGS, 0000 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without WAYNE R. KNUTSON JR., 0000 VENETIA E. BROWN, 0000 objection, it is so ordered. FROILAN A. SALUTA, 0000 JAMES S. BROWNE, 0000 JOSEPH R. WALLROTH, 0000 NORMAN J. BROZENICK JR., 0000 The resolution (S. Res. 217) was THOMAS J. BRUNS, 0000 THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT DANIEL M. BRYAN, 0000 agreed to. TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES AIR MICHAEL K. BUCK, 0000 (The resolution is printed in today’s FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: JOHN N. BUCKALEW, 0000 HAROLD E. BULLOCK, 0000 RECORD under ‘‘Submitted Resolu- To be colonel STEPHEN L. BURGESS, 0000 tions.’’) LORAINE H. ANDERSON, 0000 DARRYL W. BURKE, 0000 WILLIAM S. ASTLEY, 0000 RICHARD L. BURLINGAME, 0000 f MARY K. BALLENGEE, 0000 BRUCE A. BUSH, 0000 BRIAN K. DECKERT, 0000 MICHAEL S. BUTLER, 0000 ORDERS FOR TOMORROW, MARCH JACKSON R. DOBBINS, 0000 DIANE M. BYRNE, 0000 7, 2002 ROY T. FRANKLIN, 0000 ANTHONY C. CAIN, 0000 WILLIAM B. HUFF, 0000 JOSEPH T. CALLAHAN III, 0000 Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask BONNIE C. JOHNSON, 0000 JAMES J. CAMPBELL JR., 0000 MICHAEL E. JOHNSON, 0000 JESSIE W. CANADAY, 0000 unanimous consent that when the Sen- GEORGE NICOLAS JR., 0000 DAVID K. CANNON, 0000 ate completes its business today, it ad- STEPHEN G. REINHART, 0000 SAMUEL G. CARBAUGH, 0000 MARK J. WELTER, 0000 DOUGLAS W. CARROLL, 0000 journ until the hour of 10 a.m., Thurs- MICHAEL E. YOUNG, 0000 JOHN R. CARTER JR., 0000 THERESA C. CARTER, 0000 day, March 7; that following the prayer THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT MICHAEL D. CARTNEY, 0000 and the pledge, the Journal of pro- TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES AIR ROBERT M. CATLIN, 0000 FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: JEFFREY L. CATON, 0000 ceedings be approved to date, the SCOTT D. CHAMBERS, 0000 morning hour be deemed expired, the To be colonel CHRISTOPHER R. CHAMBLISS, 0000 time for the two leaders be reserved for MARY S. ARMOUR, 0000 WILLIAM J. CHANGOSE, 0000 DELORES G. FORREST, 0000 JOHN J. CHERNIGA, 0000 their use later in the day, and the Sen- ROBERTA L. GOTT, 0000 CARY C. CHUN, 0000 ate resume consideration of S. 517, the DAWN M. HARL, 0000 GREGG A. CLARK, 0000 DIANNE R. INUNGARAY, 0000 RAY M. CLARK, 0000 energy bill. BARBARA J. JOHNSTON, 0000 WILLIAM J. CLECKNER, 0000 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without DONNA M. LAKE, 0000 DEAN R. CLEMONS, 0000 IRENE D. LARSON, 0000 TERESA H. CLINE, 0000 objection, it is so ordered. GAIL MCCAIN, 0000 HELEN M. COCKRELL, 0000 LORI L. MONTGOMERY, 0000 JEFFREY S. COHEN, 0000 f BRIAN D. MORR, 0000 JEFFREY M. COLEMAN, 0000 STEPHEN E. PRIZER, 0000 BRIAN J. COLLINS, 0000 ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. SANDRA R. SCHMIDTBERRINGER, 0000 GAIL B. COLVIN, 0000 TOMORROW SHARON B. WRIGHT, 0000 TED D. CONNALLY, 0000 DOUGLAS K. COOKE, 0000 Mr. REID. Madam President, if there THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT JOHN B. COOPER, 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES AIR JOSEPH P. CORSO, 0000 is no further business to come before FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: WILLIAM M. CORSON, 0000

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00065 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1618 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002

DAVID A. CORWIN, 0000 SHELIA E. HENDERSON, 0000 CHARLES F. MILLER, 0000 PETER A. COSTELLO III, 0000 WARREN L. HENDERSON, 0000 DENNIS M. MILLER, 0000 GARY C. COX, 0000 ROBERT H. HENDRICKS, 0000 JOHN R. MILLER JR., 0000 SAMUEL D. COX, 0000 STEVEN W. HERRING, 0000 DAVID G. MINSTER, 0000 JAMES G. CRAMP, 0000 DEREK S. HESS, 0000 ALVINA K. MITCHELL, 0000 JOHN F. CROGHAN, 0000 HERMAN HICKS, 0000 DENNIS R. MITCHELL, 0000 RONALD R. CROSBY, 0000 OTIS L. HICKS JR., 0000 HENRY MITNAUL, 0000 JOSEPH C. CROWNOVER III, 0000 KIM A. HIGH, 0000 ELIZABETH A. MOORE, 0000 CARLOS R. CRUZGONZALEZ, 0000 PEGGY B. HILLEBRANDT, 0000 KENNETH J. MORAN, 0000 GEORGE L. CUNNINGHAM, 0000 JEFFREY A. HODGDON, 0000 JUAN MORENO III, 0000 PAUL A. CURLETT, 0000 DAWN C. HODGE, 0000 MICHAEL J. MORGAN, 0000 EUGENE DACUS, 0000 MICHAEL W. HODGE, 0000 RENE L. MOSLEY, 0000 TERESA D. DANIELL, 0000 RUSSELL D. HODGKINS JR., 0000 ANDREW M. MUELLER, 0000 GEORGE B. DANIELS, 0000 JOSEPH H. HOFFMAN III, 0000 SAMUEL S. MUMAW, 0000 JOHN A. DANIELS, 0000 WILLIAM C. HOFFMAN, 0000 KURT F. NEUBAUER, 0000 KEVIN S. C. DARNELL, 0000 DEWEY A. HOLMES, 0000 FRANCIS G. NEUBECK JR., 0000 CLIFFORD E. DAY, 0000 JAMES R. HOREJSI, 0000 DAVID J. NICHOLLS, 0000 STEPHEN R. DECOU, 0000 MARK A. HOWELL, 0000 KEVIN B. NOONAN, 0000 DANIEL L. DEFOREST, 0000 DERRICK A. HOXIE III, 0000 MARK C. NOYES, 0000 BRADLEY S. DENISON, 0000 LARRY W. HUDSON, 0000 PHILIP M. ODOM, 0000 STEVEN J. DEPALMER, 0000 ROBERT D. HUDSON, 0000 DAVID D. ODONNELL, 0000 ROBERT C. DEWALD, 0000 DIANE R. HULL, 0000 BARRY N. OLSON, 0000 JOHN J. DIAMOND JR., 0000 ALAN L. HUNT JR., 0000 CRAIG A. ONEAL, 0000 IAN R. DICKINSON, 0000 DENNIS L. HUNT, 0000 ROBERT A. ONEILL, 0000 HOWARD A. DIETRICH III, 0000 CARL HUNTER, 0000 RICHARD O. OSMUN, 0000 VINCENT P. DIFRONZO, 0000 JAMES L. HYATT III, 0000 MICHAEL W. OTTERBLAD, 0000 JOHN R. DIGGINS III, 0000 MICHAEL W. ISHERWOOD, 0000 GREGORY S. OWEN, 0000 FRANK C. DIGIOVANNI, 0000 GREGORY G. IUSI, 0000 PAUL J. PABICH, 0000 JOHN M. DOBBINS, 0000 FREDERICK R. JACKSON, 0000 MARC L. PAGLIARO, 0000 MARTIN P. DOEBEL, 0000 LINDA C. JACKSON, 0000 ANTHONY A. PANEK, 0000 CHRIS P. DORAN, 0000 KEVIN J. JACOBSEN, 0000 ANDREW W. PAPP, 0000 ROBERT M. DOUGLAS, 0000 SCOTT W. JANSSON, 0000 MARY H. PARKER, 0000 JACQUELINE J. DOVALE, 0000 JOYCE R. JENKINSHARDEN, 0000 EDWIN T. PARKS, 0000 JOHN A. DOWLESS JR., 0000 KENNETH A. JETER, 0000 RANDALL N. PASCHALL, 0000 KENNETH L. DRESSEL, 0000 GLEN G. JOERGER, 0000 JAMES W. PATTERSON JR., 0000 ROBERT D. DUBEK, 0000 CHARLES W. JOHNSON, 0000 JEFFREY A. PAULK, 0000 PAUL A. DUNBAR, 0000 JAMES G. JOHNSON, 0000 JAMES R. PAVLISIN, 0000 JAMES A. DUNN, 0000 ROBERT E. JOHNSON, 0000 GLENN R. PAYNE, 0000 BRADLEY D. DUTY, 0000 SCOTT W. JOHNSON, 0000 ROBERT E. PECORARO, 0000 WILLIAM T. ELIASON, 0000 STEVEN H. JOHNSON, 0000 RICHARD J. PETRASSI, 0000 DAVID F. ELLIS, 0000 DENNIS M. JONES, 0000 DAVID B. PISTILLI, 0000 MICHAEL D. ELROD, 0000 HARVEY L. JONES, 0000 ERIC A. POHLAND, 0000 JOHN L. EMICH JR., 0000 DONALD L. JORDAN, 0000 GARY W. POND, 0000 ROBERT L. ENGLISH, 0000 RONALD G. JOSEPH, 0000 GERILYN A. POSNER, 0000 MATTHEW N. ERICHSEN, 0000 NANCY A. KACZOR, 0000 JOHN C. POWELL, 0000 DOUGLAS ERLENBUSCH, 0000 MELISSA R. KALLETT, 0000 CRAIG J. PRICE, 0000 KAREN A. ESAIAS, 0000 MICHAEL C. KANE, 0000 MICHAEL J. PRUSZ, 0000 SUSAN L. ESPINAL, 0000 KEVIN P. KAROL, 0000 BENJAMIN F. PULSIFER, 0000 CARLTON D. EVERHART II, 0000 KEITH A. KECK, 0000 CARL J. PUNTURERI, 0000 KENNETH G. EVERSOLE JR., 0000 RANDY A. KEE, 0000 LESLIE B. QUEEN, 0000 MICHAEL FALINO, 0000 LLOYD H. KEETON JR., 0000 NEIL E. RADER, 0000 TIMOTHY J. FEELEY, 0000 JIM H. KEFFER, 0000 BOBBIE L. RANDALL, 0000 SANDRA E. FINAN, 0000 DENNIS E. KEITH, 0000 JEFFEREY W. RAY, 0000 LISA C. FIRMIN, 0000 MICHAEL A. KELTZ, 0000 CHRIS A. REASNER, 0000 MICHAEL A. FLECK, 0000 GARY L. KEMP, 0000 HELMUT H. REDA, 0000 ARNOLD FLORES, 0000 JEFFREY B. KENDALL, 0000 LARRY L. REXFORD, 0000 DONALD A. FLOWERS, 0000 JEFFREY A. KENNEDY, 0000 NANCY E. RICE, 0000 JON M. FONTENOT, 0000 GREG A. KERN, 0000 MICHAEL O. RIDDLE, 0000 ANDREW FOWKES, 0000 GARY W. KIRK, 0000 PATRICIA F. RIDGWAY, 0000 RICHARD M. FRAKER, 0000 THOMAS D. KLINCAR, 0000 DAVID P. RIPLEY, 0000 NANCY E. FRYE, 0000 PENNY F. KOERNER, 0000 RAYMOND A. ROBIDOUX JR., 0000 RICHARD L. FULLERTON, 0000 KENNETH M. KONICKI, 0000 JANE A. ROBINSON, 0000 KEVIN R. GAMACHE, 0000 GEORGE D. KRAMLINGER, 0000 KENNETH F. RODRIGUEZ, 0000 ROGER A. GANT, 0000 STEVEN L. KWAST, 0000 BRYAN D. ROGERS, 0000 JAMES N. GAPINSKI, 0000 MUN H. KWON, 0000 ROSS E. ROLEY, 0000 MICHAEL H. GECZY, 0000 KEVIN M. KYGER, 0000 MARCIA ROSSI, 0000 STEPHEN J. GENSHEIMER, 0000 DENNIS H. LANGE, 0000 RAYMOND J. ROTTMAN, 0000 KEITH E. GENTILE, 0000 ROY G. LANIER III, 0000 R.J. ROUSE, 0000 DAVID K. GERBER, 0000 DAVID R. LARIVEE, 0000 JOHN K. RUDOLPH, 0000 BARBARA J. GILCHRIST, 0000 MARK S. LARSON, 0000 WILLIAM J. RUMPEL, 0000 RODERICK E. GILLIS, 0000 STEPHAN J. LAUSHINE, 0000 KEVIN E. RUMSEY, 0000 DAVID B. GLADE II, 0000 DAVID G. LAWSON, 0000 JEFFREY J. RUST, 0000 DAVID S. GLOWACKI, 0000 ANTHONY J. LAZARSKI, 0000 TIMOTHY J. SAKULICH, 0000 WILLIAM F. GOAD, 0000 TIMOTHY S. LEAPTROTT, 0000 PETER G. SANDS, 0000 JAMES A. GODSEY, 0000 MATTHEW R. LEAVITT, 0000 WILLIAM A. SCHAAKE, 0000 SCOTT E. GOEHRING, 0000 IRVIN B. LEE, 0000 WILLIAM E. SCHAAL JR., 0000 T. T. GOETZ, 0000 M. DAVID LEE, 0000 CINDY L. SCHAEFER, 0000 SUSAN J. GOLDING, 0000 DANNY L. LEONARD, 0000 YVONNE E. SCHILZ, 0000 FERNANDO GONZALEZ, 0000 ANTHONY V. LEVY, 0000 CRAIG H. SCHLATTMANN, 0000 ROBERT S. GORDON, 0000 DAVID J. LEWIS, 0000 THOMAS J. SCHLUCKEBIER, 0000 FRANK GORMAN, 0000 SAMUEL LOFTON III, 0000 BRUCE E. SCHMIDT, 0000 KATHLEEN M. GRABOWSKI, 0000 MARSHALL K. LOUNSBERRY III, 0000 STEVEN C. SCHRADER, 0000 DEBRA D. GRAY, 0000 BRUCE W. LOVELY, 0000 DENISE I. SCHULTZ, 0000 SAMUEL A. R. GREAVES, 0000 PHYLLIS A. LOVING, 0000 MICHAEL R. SCOTT, 0000 BRIAN H. GREENSHIELDS, 0000 ROBERT M. LYLES, 0000 ERIC M. SEPP, 0000 DOUGLAS W. GREGORY, 0000 HOLLACE D. LYON, 0000 JOHN G. SETTER JR., 0000 JOHN R. GRIGGS, 0000 DAVID W. MADDEN, 0000 JOHNNIE SEWARD JR., 0000 GINA M. GROSSO, 0000 ANDREW M. MANLEY, 0000 JOHN N. T. SHANAHAN, 0000 LAWRENCE K. GRUBBS, 0000 ANDREW M. MAROTTA, 0000 DEBRA A. SHATTUCK, 0000 FREDERICK I. GUENDEL JR., 0000 REX A. MARSHALL, 0000 HOWARD R. SHELWOOD, 0000 STEPHEN J. HAHN, 0000 SCOTT W. MARSHALL, 0000 CHRISTIAN L. SHIPPEY, 0000 TIMOTHY L. HALE, 0000 LAURA M. MARTIN, 0000 DALE T. SHIRASAGO, 0000 WILLIAM C. HALL JR., 0000 DEBRA A. MARTINEZ, 0000 ROBERT C. SHOFNER, 0000 ROBERT L. HAMILTON JR., 0000 RUSSELL L. MAY, 0000 JAMES T. SILVA, 0000 RUSSELL J. HANDY, 0000 DAVID B. MAYER, 0000 MARK SIME, 0000 SCOTT M. HANSON, 0000 JEFFREY R. MAYO, 0000 ROBERT K. SIMM JR., 0000 TRACY A. HARDWICK, 0000 BEN MCCOLLUM II, 0000 DAVID A. SIMMS, 0000 GARRETT HARENCAK, 0000 NEAL B. MCELHANNON, 0000 BRIAN A. SIMPSON, 0000 PAUL R. HARMON, 0000 JOHN T. MCELHENNY, 0000 WILLIAM R. SIMS JR., 0000 KEVIN E. HARMS, 0000 STEVEN E. MCKAY, 0000 MICHAEL J. SINISI, 0000 MICHAEL Q. HARPER, 0000 MICHAEL A. MCKENNA, 0000 CAROLYN V. SMALL, 0000 JEFFREY P. HARRELL, 0000 WILLIAM D. MCKINNEY, 0000 DEAN A. SMITH, 0000 JOHN P. HARRIS, 0000 JOHN C. MCKOY, 0000 JEFFRY F. SMITH, 0000 RICHARD HARRIS, 0000 JAMES K. MCLAUGHLIN, 0000 KEITH E. SMITH, 0000 ROBERT D. HARVEY, 0000 ANNIE M. MCLEOD, 0000 PATRICK T. SMITH, 0000 STEVEN D. HATTER, 0000 WILLIAM J. MCMANUS, 0000 REX K. SNIDER JR., 0000 JOHN S. HAVEN II, 0000 JIMMY E. MCMILLIAN, 0000 VINCENT R. SNYDER, 0000 WILLIAM I. HAVRON, 0000 RICHARD B. MCNABB, 0000 JOYCE F. SOHOTRA, 0000 DALE L. HAYDEN, 0000 MICHAEL T. MCNEELY, 0000 TERRY L. SPITZMILLER, 0000 MICHAEL F. HAYDEN, 0000 RON MCNEILL, 0000 MARK A. STANK, 0000 GEORGE W. HAYS, 0000 KURT F. MCPHERSON, 0000 JULIE K. STANLEY, 0000 LEONARD G. HEAVNER, 0000 MARK A. MEHALIC, 0000 JOHN A. STARKEY, 0000 DAVID B. HEININGER, 0000 MICHAEL W. MELENDREZ, 0000 ROBERT J. STEELE, 0000 BRUCE B. HEINLEIN, 0000 THERESA A. MEYER, 0000 TYRONE R. STEPHENS, 0000 MITCHELL L. HEITMANN, 0000 LINDA S. MICHAEL, 0000 ROBERT G. STIEGEL, 0000 HOWARD J. HEMEON III, 0000 JANET R. MIDDLETON, 0000 PETER V. STIGLICH, 0000 HAROLD E. HEMMINGS JR., 0000 JOHN C. MILLANDER, 0000 DAN J. STIVER, 0000

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00066 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1619

JOSEPH M. STOKER, 0000 DEIDRE E * STOFFREGEN, 0000 DWAYNE A * ELDER, 0000 MICHAEL S. STOUGH, 0000 MALLORY K * TATE, 0000 JAMES R * ERVIN, 0000 STEVEN C. SUDDARTH, 0000 GESSEL Y * VAN, 0000 SANDRA * ESCOLAS, 0000 MARK P. SULLIVAN, 0000 DANIEL C * WAKEFIELD, 0000 ERIC W * FALLON, 0000 EDWIN C. SWEDBERG, 0000 SHANNON M * WALLACE, 0000 CASEY D * GARMAN, 0000 STEPHEN M. TANOUS, 0000 ERIK J * GLOVER, 0000 THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT MARK B. TAPPER, 0000 CHRISTOPHER J * GRAHEK, 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY DENISE S. TAYLOR, 0000 ALFRED A * HAMILTON, 0000 MEDICAL SPECIALIST CORPS AND FOR REGULAR AP- HARRY J. TETI, 0000 DAVID P * HAMMER, 0000 POINTMENT (IDENTIFIED BY AN ASTERISK(*)) UNDER PAUL L. THEE, 0000 JOSEPH E * HARKINS, 0000 TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 624, 531, AND 3064: THOMAS B. THOMPSON, 0000 KEVIN G * HART, 0000 NAT THONGCHUA, 0000 To be major JON K * HAYS, 0000 WILLIAM J. THORNTON, 0000 DANIEL J HEIN, 0000 DAVID L. THURSTON, 0000 ABAD * AHMED, 0000 PHILIP A * HOLCOMBE, 0000 BRUCE C. TOWNSEND, 0000 JAMES D * ARNOLD, 0000 JOHN D HOWE, 0000 BRIAN D. TRI, 0000 GARY W * ASPERA, 0000 GREGORY R HUDSON, 0000 DOUGLAS K. TUCKER, 0000 ANTHONY C * BARE, 0000 SHEREEN R * HUGHES, 0000 GUY D. TURNER, 0000 JONATHAN H * BOSWELL, 0000 NAOMI M * INGLES, 0000 RANDY K. TURNER, 0000 STANLEY T * BREUER, 0000 MARY V * INGRAM, 0000 TERESA G. TURNER, 0000 ELAINE P * BUNCH, 0000 PRISCILLA J JACKERT, 0000 BETHANY L * CHAPPELL, 0000 TRACY E. TYNAN, 0000 INGRID * JURICH, 0000 ERICA R * CLARKSON, 0000 JOSEPH F. UDEMI, 0000 PETER KALAMARAS JR., 0000 ANNE M * COAKLEY, 0000 DAVID K. UNDERWOOD, 0000 WILLIAM J KAYS, 0000 CHARLES V * COLEMAN, 0000 VINCENT C. VALDESPINO, 0000 VESTON M KELLY, 0000 KARL A * COOPER, 0000 JONATHAN D. VANGUILDER, 0000 VIBOL C * KHEIV, 0000 PHILLIP D * COSBY, 0000 PEDRO VASQUEZ JR., 0000 HEATHER A KNESS, 0000 PHILIP R * COX, 0000 MICHAEL G. VAUGHN, 0000 NINA L * KNUCKLES, 0000 DAVID S * DELGADO, 0000 MICHAEL G. VIDAL, 0000 WILLIAM A * LATZKA, 0000 DAVID E * DESROSIER, 0000 STEPHEN G. VISCO, 0000 RAYMOND D * LAUREL, 0000 HENRY D * ELLINGTON III, 0000 JOSEPH H. VIVORI, 0000 JOHN S * LEE, 0000 MICHAEL E * FLAHERTY, 0000 GEORGE C. VOGT, 0000 KERRY A LEFRANCIS, 0000 LARRY O * FRANCE, 0000 DAVID M. VOTIPKA, 0000 GARY C * LETCH, 0000 RAUL * GIERBOLINIMARTINEZ, 0000 DANIEL R. WALKER, 0000 LEONARD S LIEDEL, 0000 MANUEL * GONZALEZ, 0000 SAMUEL J. WALKER, 0000 RICHARD S * LINDSAY III, 0000 HENRY K * HATHAWAY, 0000 THOMAS C. WALKER, 0000 WILLIAM R LOVE, 0000 DONALD E * HICKS, 0000 KATHY D. WARD, 0000 PATRICK F * LUKES, 0000 CARLTON J * KIZZIE, 0000 VICTOR L. WARZINSKI, 0000 LISA M MACLAREN, 0000 JOSE G * MANGROBANG, 0000 MARK R. WASSERMAN, 0000 MICHAEL G * MACLAREN II, 0000 STEPHEN P * MANLEY, 0000 JAMES M. WAURISHUK JR., 0000 STEVEN D * MAHLEN, 0000 ANDE C * MASS, 0000 MARK P. WEADON, 0000 JOSE D MANGLICMOT, 0000 DOUGLAS L * MCDOWELL, 0000 GARY C. WEBB, 0000 PAUL B MANN, 0000 KELLI M * METZGER, 0000 ANTHONY M. WEIGAND, 0000 DANIEL E * MCCARTHY, 0000 DEBRA R * MOHNS, 0000 CHARLES A. WEISS, 0000 DAVINA N MCDOWNEY, 0000 CHRISTINE M * MORAN, 0000 JAMES J. WENDLING, 0000 DANIEL C * MCGILL, 0000 SHARON M * NEWTON, 0000 WAYNE H. WENTZ, 0000 JOHN A * MCMURRAY, 0000 WILLIAM * NIEDING, 0000 ROBERT E. WHEELER, 0000 JOHN J MELTON, 0000 JANET A * PAPAZIS, 0000 SCOTT L. WHEELER, 0000 CLAY R MILLER, 0000 PATRICK C * PETRAY, 0000 YULIN G. WHITEHEAD, 0000 JOHN M * MILLER, 0000 ALLYSON E * PRITCHARD, 0000 GREGORY S. WIEBE, 0000 GERARDO J * MORALEZ, 0000 DAVID R * REINSCH, 0000 DENNIS R. WIER, 0000 DANIEL J * MORONEY, 0000 JESUS R * RODRIGUEZ, 0000 LEE T. WIGHT, 0000 DONALD R * NEFF, 0000 SANDRA E * RODRIGUEZ, 0000 JOHN S. WILCOX, 0000 TIMOTHY D * NELLE, 0000 MICHAEL J * SCHIEFELBEIN, 0000 ROBERT C. WILLIAMS, 0000 MICHAEL J NERI JR., 0000 THOMAS * SCHYMANSKI, 0000 ROBERT T. WIMPLE JR., 0000 JOSE I NUNEZ, 0000 KATHY E * SCOTT, 0000 KATHLEEN M. WINTERS, 0000 STEPHEN L OATES, 0000 TYLER L * SEICK, 0000 CLETUS F. WITTER, 0000 LISA L * OBRIEN, 0000 HARVEY P * SMITH JR., 0000 CHARLES W. WOLFE JR., 0000 TIMOTHY G * OHAVER, 0000 TRACY A * SMITH, 0000 BEVERLY C. WRIGHT, 0000 MEE S * PAEK, 0000 BARBARA J * SYLER, 0000 MARK D. WRIGHT, 0000 DENNIS S * PALALAY, 0000 KIM N * THOMSEN, 0000 THOMAS L. YODER, 0000 GABRIELLA M PASEK, 0000 RICHARD E * WALTON, 0000 DAVID E. YOUKER, 0000 KYLE A * PATTERSON, 0000 LARRY J * WOOLDRIDGE, 0000 TIMOTHY M. ZADALIS, 0000 NANETTE S * PATTON, 0000 RODERICK C. ZASTROW, 0000 THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT JAMES G PERKINS, 0000 MICHAEL P. ZEPF, 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY DEBORAH E PEYTON, 0000 STEPHEN B. ZIEHMN, 0000 MEDICAL SERVICE CORPS AND FOR REGULAR APPOINT- KEVIN K * PITZER, 0000 KEITH W. ZUEGEL, 0000 MENT (IDENTIFIED BY AN ASTERISK(*)) UNDER TITLE 10, STEPHEN P * PLANCHET, 0000 U.S.C., SECTIONS 624, 531, AND 3064: FRANCISCO J * PORTALS, 0000 THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT MICHAEL H * PRICE, 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES AIR To be major PATRICIA A * RANDALL, 0000 FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: KIMBERLEE A AIELLO, 0000 JAMES * RICHARD III, 0000 To be colonel PAUL B ANDERSON, 0000 KARLOTTA A * RICHARDS, 0000 WILLIAM P ARGO, 0000 MICHAEL C RICHARDSON, 0000 MATT ADKINS JR., 0000 ADRIENNE B * ARI, 0000 ANDREW J * RISIO, 0000 MARK L. ALLEN, 0000 SUSAN D ARNETT, 0000 DARREN R * RITZER, 0000 DOUGLAS E. ANDERSON, 0000 GREG R * ATKINSON, 0000 ERIK G * RUDE, 0000 RANDY B. BORG, 0000 TRACY L BABCOCK, 0000 JOHN G * SANCHEZ, 0000 ALAN R. CONSTANTIAN, 0000 ERIC E BAILEY, 0000 TROY D SCHILLING, 0000 KERRY M. DEXTER, 0000 THOMAS R * BAKER, 0000 PHILIP E SHERIDAN, 0000 DAVID L. DOTY, 0000 MICHAEL K * BARDOLF, 0000 DAVID J * SKANCHY, 0000 WILLIAM J. GAYNOR, 0000 BRIAN R BAUER, 0000 MELANIE A * SLOAN, 0000 ROBERT U. HAMILTON, 0000 MICHELLE L * BELL, 0000 DWIGHT V * SMITH, 0000 MICHAEL P. HOLWAY, 0000 CARLENE A BLANDING, 0000 STEPHEN P SPELLMAN, 0000 ROBERT C. LENAHAN, 0000 MARK J BONICA, 0000 MARK D SWOFFORD, 0000 THOMAS G. MCCAULEY, 0000 MICHAEL D * BRENNAN, 0000 JONATHAN R * SYLVIE, 0000 JAMES F. MEYERS II, 0000 MICHAEL F BRESLIN, 0000 AARON M * TERMAIN, 0000 MICHAEL W. MILLER, 0000 DEIDRA E * BRIGGSANTHONY, 0000 THOMAS C TIMMES, 0000 RONALD H. PEARSON, 0000 AMY C BRINSON, 0000 JAMES Q * TRUONG, 0000 SCOTT F. WARDELL, 0000 BRADLEY L * BROOKS, 0000 JOSEPH A TUDELA, 0000 VIRGINIA L. WERESZYNSKI, 0000 KEVIN D BROOM, 0000 GERARD A * VAVRINA, 0000 CHARLES K. WOLAK, 0000 EDWARD A * BRUSHER, 0000 MYRANDA L VEREEN, 0000 STEPHEN M. WOLFE, 0000 JUDITH L BUCHANAN, 0000 ANDREW J * VITT, 0000 IN THE ARMY JAMES K * BUTLER, 0000 BLAIN S * WALKER, 0000 JAMES G * CAHILL, 0000 CHRISTINE M * WATSON, 0000 THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT EVA K * CALERO, 0000 JOSEPH L * WILLIAMS, 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY DAVID J CARPENTER JR., 0000 JEFFREY S * YARVIS, 0000 VETERINARY CORPS AND FOR REGULAR APPOINTMENT JAMES D * CARRELL, 0000 SHANNON M ZEIGLER, 0000 (IDENTIFIED BY AN ASTERISK(*)) UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., JORGE D * CARRILLO, 0000 CHUNLIN * ZHANG, 0000 SECTIONS 624, 531, AND 3064: ANDREW D * CENTINEO, 0000 THE FOLLOWING NAMED ARMY NATIONAL GUARD OF To be major CHRISTOPHER M * CHRISTON, 0000 THE UNITED STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT TO RHONDA B * CLARK, 0000 THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE ARMY DAVID E * BENTZEL, 0000 JOANNE M * CLINE, 0000 UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 12203 AND 12211: WILLIAM H * BOSWORTH, 0000 KEVIN E COOPER, 0000 BORIS * BRGLEZ, 0000 ANDREW J * CORROW, 0000 To be colonel JERRY R * COWART, 0000 LYNN T * CROCKETT, 0000 JAMES R. KISH, 0000 KELLEY L * EVANS, 0000 JULIA A DALLMAN, 0000 MARGERY M * HANFELT, 0000 THOMAS D * DAVENPORT, 0000 In the Marine Corps SCOTT E * HANNA, 0000 REGINA L * DAVEY, 0000 LOUIS M * HUZELLA, 0000 MARVIN * DAVIS, 0000 THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT KENNETH O * JACOBSEN, 0000 VIVIAN K * DENNISON, 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES MA- CINDY A * LANDGREN, 0000 DENIS G * DESCARREAUX, 0000 RINE CORPS RESERVE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION WAYNE S * LIPOVITCH, 0000 STEVE A * DESCHAMPS, 0000 12203: GLORIA A * MARSELAS, 0000 KEVIN M * DUFFY, 0000 To be colonel DANA E * MCDANIEL, 0000 PETER N EBERHARDT, 0000 KATHLEEN A * RYAN, 0000 WILLIAM T * ECHOLS, 0000 RAYMOND J. FAUGEAUX, 0000 GREG * SATURDAY, 0000 ERIC S EDWARDS, 0000 JOHN J. HARVEY, 0000 ANN M * SCHIAVETTA, 0000 DUSTIN K ELDER, 0000 MARKUS PFAHLER, 0000

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00067 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S1620 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE March 6, 2002 ANTHONY F. WEDDINGTON, 0000 CLIFFORD M WILBORN, 0000 WITHDRAWAL MARIANNE P. WINZELER, 0000 STEPHEN J WILLIAMS, 0000 IN THE NAVY f Executive message transmitted by THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT CONFIRMATION the President to the Senate on March TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 5582 AND 531: Executive nomination confirmed by 06, 2002, withdrawing from further Sen- To be lieutenant commander the Senate March 6, 2002: ate consideration the following nomi- JENNIFER R FLATHER, 0000 DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY nation: JANET G GOLDSTEIN, 0000 KATHY E GORDON, 0000 MARGARET S.Y. CHU, OF NEW MEXICO, TO BE DIRECTOR FREDERICK R. HEEBE, OF LOUISIANA, TO BE UNITED SAMANTHA J GREEN, 0000 OF THE OFFICE OF CIVILIAN RADIOACTIVE WASTE MAN- STATES ATTORNEY FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF ROBERT S HARRINGTON, 0000 AGEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. LOUISIANA FOR THE TERM OF FOUR YEARS, WHICH WAS BRYANT W KNOX, 0000 THE ABOVE NOMINATION WAS APPROVED SUBJECT TO SENT TO THE SENATE ON NOVEMBER 1, 2001. MARIE E OLIVER, 0000 THE NOMINEE’S COMMITMENT TO RESPOND TO RE- TERESA A SCHWING, 0000 QUESTS TO APPEAR AND TESTIFY BEFORE ANY DULY DEBORAH A STARK, 0000 CONSTITUTED COMMITTEE OF THE SENATE.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:18 Jan 09, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00068 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\2002SENATE\S06MR2.REC S06MR2 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E261 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

BIPARTISAN CAMPAIGN REFORM opinion letter from the Attorney General of spending. About 44% of state party soft ACT OF 2001 New Hampshire (finding total contribution money spending went toward media activi- bans are unconstitutional). So as to ensure ties, while 15% was invested in mobilization SPEECH OF that the Ney-Wynn ban is truly a ban, even and grassroots activities. Parties target voter registration and get out the vote con- their media and mobilization spending in HON. ROBERT W. NEY ducted within 120 days of a federal election competitive states. The Democrats rely OF OHIO must be paid for entirely with federal hard more on soft money for campaign activity than Republicans. Spending on all campaign IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dollars. But critically, this limitation still allows the party committees the ability to activities—media, mobilization and grass- Wednesday, February 13, 2002 do voter registration and other outreach. roots—has been increasing over the past sev- Several state laws already ban soft money eral election cycles. If soft money is The House in Committee of the Whole in this way, most notably Texas and New banned—or simply curtailed within 120 days House on the State of the Union had under York, and to a certain extent, Florida and of a general election—it is likely that both consideration the bill (H.R. 2356) to amend California. States that have taken the media and party building activity will be re- the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to Shays-Meehan approach tend to be left-of- duced significantly unless the parties can provide bipartisan campaign reform: center, and eventually try some form of pub- make up for the shorfall with hard money. Mr. NEY. Mr. Chairman, The following infor- lic financing. The current Shays-Meehan ac- The purpose of this report is to furnish mation I wish to submit for the RECORD on this tually mandates that public financing be basic data about soft money spending in the matter of Campaign Finance Reform. studied. 2000 elections as a way to understand the po- As someone who has intimate knowledge of tential impact of campaign finance reform NEY-WYNN IS THE EFFECTIVE SOFT MONEY the financial and political operations of legislation being debated in the 107th Con- BAN party committees, I believe Ney-Wynn is a gress. In particular, we consider the effect of Perhaps the best way to explain the dif- radical change. It will force the parties to a ban on soft money, a provision that re- ference between the ‘‘soft money bans’’ is to use hard dollars for our activities, but still mains the centerpiece of a bill sponsored by elaborate on comments by the President of allow us the resources to assist our can- Senators McCain and Feingold, and passed Common Cause, Scott Harshbarger, panning didates in getting their messages heard. The by the Senate on April 2, 2001. The House of Ney-Wynn. As you may know, Common party committees will remain able to drown Representatives will soon consider a similar Cause strongly supports Shays-Meehan, and out special interest ads, albeit with hard dol- version of the bill. Much of the debate over was apparently heavily involved in drafting lars. In sum, Ney-Wynn achieves what ought reform considers the effect of eliminating much of its language. He incorrectly as- to be everyone’s common goal: allowing the soft money on party activities. Will the par- serted that Ney-Wynn is just like Senator candidate’s voice to be the central voice in ties be weakened? To what degree are parties Hagel’s bill, and that Ney-Wynn continues to American politics. using soft money for issue ads? In this report let in unregulated and unlimited soft money. Shays-Meehan will have the opposite ef- we assess how parties spent their soft money Both are false—Ney-Wynn does ban (as op- fect—it simply attempts to emasculate the in past elections as a way to understand the posed to cap) soft money for Federal election political parties, and leave candidates to likely consequences of banning or restricting activity. fend for themselves. It does not make any ef- soft money. Soft money includes funds that parties First, with respect to Senator Hagel’s ap- fort to ensure that parties continue to reg- raise that lack the contribution limits set by proach, I have reviewed both bills, and am of ister voters and involve people in the proc- the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 the view that any comparison to Ney-Wynn ess. Once the Shays-Meehan experiment in- and its amendments. Under federal law, soft is an oversimplification. Senator Hagel’s bill evitably makes matters worse, reformers money may be used for party building but merely put a limit on the amount of non-fed- will then insist that public financing of all not direct candidate support. Advocates for eral funds the party committees could ac- Federal elections is the only option left. banning soft money argue that its elimi- cept. It put no restriction whatsoever on how As for soft money, Shays-Meehan does not nation is essential for preserving the integ- the money could be spent, and would not constitute a soft money ban with respect to rity of the electoral system. Their under- have dramatically altered how party com- federal election activity. Contrary to what lying premise is that soft money corrupts mittees currently operate. Party committees has been repeated time and time again, ‘‘soft the political process by allowing wealthy do- would have still been free to run so-called money’’ is neither unlimited nor unregu- nors to trade political money for favorable ‘‘soft money issue ads’’ and engage in other lated. Over 30 states have passed limits or treatment in policymaking in Congress and similar activities. It would not have forced outright bans on corporate and union money, the Executive branch. Some argue that even including contributions to state political the party committees to use federal money if candidates are not corrupted, voters per- parties—laws that Shays-Meehan actually for federal election activity. ceive that the exchange is corrupt or that On the other hand, the Ney-Wynn bill preempt. In fact, when the full impact of the parties abuse campaign finance laws by would radically alter how party committees two bills is analyzed, particularly in light of using funds illegally to help their can- on both sides of the aisle operate. Unlike the application (or preemption) of state law didates. Such perceptions alienate voters Hagel, it bans soft money for federal election and the $30 million soft money loophole, from the political process and undermine the activity. It bans us from doing so-called Ney-Wynn constitutes the more effective legitimacy of the nation’s political institu- ‘‘soft money issue ads.’’ In short, Ney-Wynn soft money ban. It has the added advantage tions. actually accomplishes what the reformers of requiring disclosure of third-party issue Others argue, in contrast, that a ban on want—an end to party committee soft money ads that is consistent with judicial prece- soft money will damage American democ- being used in Federal elections via the back dent. racy. Citing several court decisions, they door. Please contact me with any questions or claim that constraints on political activity With respect to soft money, Ney-Wynn concerns. run counter to the 1st Amendment. Another bans the party committees from using it for line of argument contends that eliminating any Federal election activity. As for the lim- [Institute of Governmental Studies and Citi- soft money will weaken an essential political ited amount that party committees will be zens Research Foundation Policy Brief, institution in American democracy—the po- allowed to accept, all the Ney-Wynn bill does July 6, 2001] litical parties. Removing this resource will is treat party committees the same as cor- weaken parties relative to other political ac- ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF A BAN ON SOFT porate and union PACs, allowing us to use tors such as interest groups, and reduce the MONEY: PARTY SOFT MONEY SPENDING IN limited soft money contributions for fund- party’s efforts to get voters to the polls. THE 2000 ELECTIONS raising and administration. And that’s all— Rather than reinvigorate political participa- it can’t be transferred, used for issue ads or (By Ray La Raja and Elizabeth Jarvis- tion, the McCain-Feingold reforms might ac- the like. In fact, Senator McCain himself Shean) tually reduce citizen activity. voted to let this use of soft money continue. This policy brief examines how national, The arguments on either side deserve rig- Moreover, Ney-Wynn is consistent with the state and local parties of the Republicans orous empirical scrutiny. It appears, how- recent decision in Colorado Republican II, and Democrats spent soft money in the 2000 ever, that Congress is poised to enact legisla- where the Court said that ‘‘[a party com- Elections. Our findings demonstrate that the tion without considering some basic infor- mittee] is in the same position as some indi- state parties, which receive about 83% of mation about soft money. Drawing on finan- viduals and PACs.’’ It also avoids the issue their soft money from national party trans- cial data about parties released by the Fed- presented in Jacobus v. Alaska and a recent fers, are the primary venue for soft money eral Election Commission, we try to shed

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.000 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E262 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 some light on the uses of soft money. We are lines provided by the Federal Election Com- In the 2000 elections, state parties invested hardly prepared to provide an in-depth anal- mission. If we included the hard money fig- significantly more soft money directly in ysis to address the claims of either side in ures in several of the subsequent tables, the campaigns than in prior elections. For exam- this upcoming reform debate in the House. spending in these categories would be 40% to ple, they spent $149.1 million on Instead, our goal is to provide an empirical 50% higher. mediarelated activity, more than double foundation to help policymakers consider For national parties, most soft money their expenditures in 1996. The portion of carefully the ramifications of their deci- (about 43%) is invested in overhead and basic total party soft money devoted just to media sions. administrative costs of maintaining the increased from 37% in 1996 to 44% in 2000. The questions we ask are simple, but to party headquarters in Washington. Spending on mobilizing voters through the our knowledge they have not been addressed Unsurprisingly, the next largest expenditure ‘‘ground campaign’’ (telephones, canvassing, adequately. How did parties spend soft is for fundralsing (approximately 39%), It ap- direct mail) increased from $16 million in money in the 2000 elections? To what extent pears that little more than 13% of national 1996 to almost $42 million in 2000, a boost of did they use soft money to finance ‘‘issue party spending goes directly into campaigns 160 percent. The share of the soft money ads?’’ How much soft money went toward for media and mobilization activities. Based budget devoted to this activity increased traditional voter mobilization efforts and on our analysis of party spending reports, we from 9 to 12 percent between 1996 and 2000. other party building activity? Did parties believe the bulk of media spending includes In 1998, media and mobilization spending spend differently from prior elections? the cost of producing and airing television was more evenly distributed than during a Using data providing by the Federal Elec- and radio ads. Mobilization spending, in con- presidential election cycle. During the 1998 tion Commission we explore these questions trast, includes the ‘‘ground’’ activity: reg- elections, 17% of soft money went toward about soft money spending. We categorized istering and identifying voters, Get-Out-the- media and 12% toward ground mobilization. more than 500,000 entries of itemized expend- Vote (GOTV) phonebanks and precinct can- These figures suggest that the media strate- itures by national, state and local parties in vassing, and costs of direct mail. Although gies of presidential campaigns drive much of the 2000 elections. Our framework for exam- the national parties spend a small portion of soft money spending. Nonpresidential con- ining soft money is to consider what would their soft money on these activities, their in- tests do not always rely as heavily on a happen if the McCain-Feingold bill was made vestments are significant in absolute terms, media campaign strategy as presidential into law. The key provisions of the bill, as investing $10.3 million on media-related ac- contests, even though soft money has played they pertain to party soft money, are the fol- tivities and $7.4 million on mobilization ac- an increasingly important role in financing lowing: tivities. issue ads for congressional campaigns. State parties use soft money more than State parties continue to rely a great deal National parties other party committees. In the 2000 Elec- on soft money to maintain the party head- May raise or spend only hard money (i.e., tions, they spent 2.5 times as much soft quarters, paying for staff salaries, benefits, limited contributions, no labor or corporate money as national parties. Through trans- office equipment and other basic necessities. contributions). fers, however national parties supply ap- In the 2000 elections, parties spent almost May not make contributions to non-prof- proximately 83% of the soft money that $100 million on administration, a 38% in- its. state parties spend for federal related activi- crease from 1996. Administrative costs re- ties. At the state level, 44% of soft money for State parties flected 29% of all state party soft money federal related activities ($149.3 million) is Must use hard money to fund any ‘‘federal spending in 2000, which was a much smaller invested in media, a significant increase election activities’’ (defined as Get-Out-the- portion that in the 1996 elections. from the 1996 election in absolute terms, as Vote, or voter registration in the 120 days What can we surmise from these data? To well as a rise in the portion of the party preceding an election) during a federal elec- the dismay of those seeking definitive evi- budget devoted to media. Clearly, state par- tion year. dence to confirm their point of view, the May fund ‘‘federal election activities’’ with ties are major sponsors of issue ads. Another 12 percent of the budget ($41.8 million) goes data appear to support both reformers who soft money capped at $10,000 from the same favor a ban on soft money and those who source if state laws permit. toward ground mobilization activities, much of it targeted in competitive states. Only 4% highlight the virtues of soft money. Advo- Candidates of state party budgets reflect grassroots cates of a ban are accurate in observing that Banned from raising soft money for ‘‘fed- campaign activity that includes distribution the parties abuse their access to soft money eral election activities.’’ of bumper stickers and pins, the staging of by using it for thinly disguised issue ads that actually help the campaigns of particular Non-profits rallies and related volunteer work ($11.3 mil- lion). State parties rely heavily on soft federal candidates. The parties can hardly National parties banned from making or claim that their recent media spending is soliciting contributions to nonprofits; can- money for office upkeep and general admin- istrative expenses ($99.5 million or 29% of part of a conventional party building strat- didates banned from raising soft money for egy when state parties spent virtually no non-profits for ‘‘federal election activities.’’ budget). Finally, local parties use very limited money on issue ads prior to the 1996 elec- FINDINGS I amounts of soft money in federal elections. tions. On the other hand, those who say a How did parties spend soft money in the 2000 Among the 158 local major parties that sub- ban on soft money would weaken parties Elections? mitted campaign finance reports to the Fed- have grounds for concern. It would be wrong Parties at the federal, state and local level eral Election Commission, their total soft to claim that party soft money has not been spent almost half a billion dollars in soft money spending amounted to just $4 million. invested in building the party. Soft money money in the 2000 elections. These funds More than half of this was for party adminis- spending on mobilization and grassroots in- were spent primarily by the state parties be- tration and overhead. Only 2% was used for creased substantially with each election for cause federal and state regulations are more media, 10% was for mobilization work and which we have data. It is also clear that soft permissive of soft money spending at this 5% for grassroots activities. Local parties money pays for a significant share of main- level. The 100 major state parties—Demo- are obviously more concerned with local taining the party headquarters. cratic and Republican—spent approximately elections so it is unsurprising that they What effect will the ‘‘120-Day Rule’’ have on $340 million in soft money. The national par- spend so little soft money in federal election party activity? ties, in contrast, spent only $136 million. The activity. Furthermore, much of their work The McCain-Feingold bill allows parties to national parties, however, raised a good por- does not involve the costly technical aspects spend soft money up until 120 days before the tion of soft money and then transferred it to of modem campaigning such as broadcast general election, so long as contributions are the state parties. According the Federal media. On the other hand, it seems reason- capped at $ 10,000 per source. We assume that Election Commission, the national commit- able to expect that more soft money would the motive of this provision is to enable the tees raised approximately $496 million in soft make its way to the local level since the in- parties to engage in partybuilding in the money and transferred $280 million (56%) to tent of amendments to the Federal Election early build-up to an election, without letting the state parties. Campaign Act was to encourage grassroots them use soft money directly in federal cam- Local parties (158 of them) spent only $4 party building. paigns just before the election. With this in million. It should be noted that federal, state How does soft money spending in the 2000 mind, we observe how much soft money was and local parties spend additional soft elections compare to earlier elections? spent before and after this 120-day marker. money in non-federal elections. But because One question that arises in the current de- We find that only one-quarter of soft money these funds are not related in any way to a bate is whether parties have transformed is spent prior to this 120 day marker. Parties federal election they do not have to be re- themselves into campaign media organiza- invest the vast majority of soft money with- ported to the Federal Election Commission. tions through financing issue ads with soft in the final four months of the election. Therefore, the soft money data we collected money. The data provide evidence that state Which activities will be affected the most pertains only to campaign spending related parties have become important venues for by the 120-day rule? If the intent of the pro- to federal elections. We should also point out producing and airing issue ads, something vision is to root out much of party spending that we are reporting only soft money fig- they did not do prior to the 1996 elections. On on media activities it might achieve this re- ures here. By law, parties are required to the other hand, state parties continue to use sult. Only 7% of media spending came before match soft money with hard money for each soft money for party building activities as the 120-day mark. Of course, under this new activity, using complex accounting guide- they have in the past. rule, parties could simply frontload issue ads

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.025 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E263 (if they learn how to craft ads that do not state parties was 63 cents per voter. Those in [Columbia Law Review, April 2000— violate other provisions of the new law). But the top 10 spent in the range of $1.91 to $9.73 Symposium: Law and Political Parties] undoubtedly, the impact of media adver- per voter. * 598 SOFT MONEY, HARD MONEY, STRONG tising is strongest closer to the election and Table 6 (not shown) provides the same PARTIES party strategists will likely seek ways to get analysis for party expenditures on mobiliza- around this new provision. Our hunch is that tion. The average mobilization expenditure (Stephen Ansolabehere and James M. they will spend soft money on issue ads prior among all 100 state parties was 19 cents per Snyder, Jr.) to the 120-day marker, and then invest heav- voter. Those in the top 10 spent in the range Political parties are central to current ef- ily in ‘‘independent’’ issue ads that require of 40 cents to $1.3 9 per voter. Interestingly, forts to reform campaign finance in the hard money. Recent court decisions protect Democratic organizations comprised the United States. Party money constitutes ap- the party’s ability to spend without limits first 8 of 10 organizations in this top cat- proximately half of all campaign funds when they operate independently from the egory, demonstrating a preference for this raised at the national level. Limiting party candidates. mobilization strategy in tightly contested money is, thus, integral to campaign finance In the effort to eliminate soft money issue races. For Democratic organizations, the av- reform. This Article examines what might be ads, it appears that party-building activities erage expenditure on mobilization was 24 gained and lost if regulations on party will also be affected. Only 9 percent of spend- cents per voter, while it was only 14 cents money are imposed. Proponents of stronger ing on voter registration and GOTV activi- per voter for Republican committees. (and better financed) parties conjecture that ties takes place before the 120-day point. strong parties increase the ability of voters SUMMARY POINTS Similarly, only 11% of grassroots and tradi- to hold their representative’s accountable. tional party ‘‘hoopla’’ take place before this National parties use soft money mostly for We find that such benefits are, in practice, point. Unsurprisingly, the parties spend sig- party overhead & operations, as well as fund- minimal. Instead, we argue that the main nificant soft money before the four-month raising. They also transfer 55 percent of their benefits of party money, especially soft window on maintaining headquarters and soft money to state organizations, which money, derive from the parties’ campaign raising funds in anticipation of the intense perform much of the campaign work. activities. Soft money finances state party campaign activity to follow. A soft money State parties rely on soft money to per- organizations’ voter registration and mobili- ban within 120 days of an election will not form a variety of campaign activities: Ap- zation efforts, which have substantial effects only reduce party spending on media, but proximately 44% was spent on media ($149.4 on turnout. Reducing party money will, also curtail party building activities Con- million); 29% on party overhead and oper- thus, reduce participation. The benefits of gress intended to encourage through revi- ations ($99.5 million); and 15% on direct mo- limitations on party soft money must there- sions to the Federal Election Campaign Act bilization and grassroots ($53.1 million). fore be weighed against likely reductions in during the 1970s. The ‘‘120-day rule’’ that prohibits soft voting that would result. Are there partisan differences in soft money money spending within 120 days of a general INTRODUCTION spending? election could eliminate as much as 3/4 of American campaign finance law is often A common concern among policymakers is soft money spending: 89% of spending on the relative effect of a ban on either party. described as more loophole than law. Con- issue ads falls within 120 days of the general gress and the courts, sometimes working at Who might be hurt more by banning soft election; and 91% of spending on GOTV and money, Republicans or Democrats? Surely, cross-purposes, continually attempt to clar- registration falls within 120 days of the elec- ify and perfect existing regulations, but as party members will not want to change cam- tion. paign finance laws in ways that put their campaign practices evolve, candidates, par- Democrats will likely be hurt by a ban on party at a disadvantage. It appears that the ties, individuals, and groups devise clever, soft money more than Republicans in the Democrats rely more heavily on soft money new ways to bend the rules. Today, efforts to short term: Democrats spend more soft for direct campaign activity than Repub- reform campaign finance focus on the trans- money on media and mobilization than Re- licans. Democrats, for instance, outspent Re- fer of national party, funds to state and local publicans. Democratic organizations, on av- publicans $87 million to $62 million on media organizations. Political parties raise large erage, spent 85 cents on media per voter and with their soft money. Similarly, Democrats sums from individuals, corporations, and 24 cents on mobilization per voter. Repub- invested more than Republicans in mobiliza- other associations. They then channel these licans, in contrast, spent 42 cents and 14 tion with soft money, but the difference is funds to state and local party organizations, cents on media and mobilization per voter, not as great as for media. Republicans use which in turn conduct campaign activities respectively. more soft money for party overhead than that indirectly and sometimes directly affect Democrats, and use it slightly more for fund- The parties concentrate their soft money federal elections. This was an intended con- raising. resources in the closest races: States with sequence, a genie that Congress meant to let The explanation for the Democratic strat- competitive presidential contests spent the out of the bottle. Our concern is with the ef- egy is that the Republicans raise far more most on media and mobilization per voter. fects of putting the genie back in. hard money than Democrats. It appears, The corrupting influence of unlimited soft In 1979, Congress amended the Federal then, that Democrats try to make up for the money contributions and expenditures, Election Campaign Act (‘‘FECA’’), [FN1] ex- difference with soft money, using it in ways whether real or perceived, is cause for con- cluding state and local party building activi- that might benefit their federal candidates cern and perhaps legislative action. Such ac- ties from the federal contribution lim- as much as possible. While both parties use tion should target underlying problems, its. [FN2] The Federal Elections Commission soft money to benefit federal candidates di- while attempting to minimize harmful unin- (‘‘FEC’’) further clarified the law in a series rectly rather than for generic party building, tended consequences. The McCain-Feingold of rulings, which in essence allow individuals the Democrats have a far stronger incentive bill, with its 120-day amendment and $ 10,000 and organizations to give unlimited amounts to employ this strategy than Republicans. contribution limit, will eliminate most soft of money to the national parties’ ‘‘non- We can only speculate whether the large fig- money spending, including spending 12 on federal’’ accounts. [FN3] Funds in such ac- ure for ‘‘unidentified’’ expenditures ($18.7 thinly disguised candidate ads parading as counts are intended * 599 for ‘‘party activi- million) suggests that the Democrats are re- ‘‘issue ads.’’ But it is likely that voter mobi- ties’’ at the state and local levels, and may luctant to reveal the way they use soft lization efforts will be reduced as well. The not be contributed to or spent in coordina- money to influence federal campaigns. dramatic increase in soft money media ex- tion with federal candidates. Behind this ex- Given these findings we expect the Demo- penditures is driven by the belief that this emption, since termed ‘‘soft money,’’ lies a crats to suffer the most from a soft money expensive campaign activity delivers results simple objective: Strengthen the political ban in the short term, since they use it to at the polls. In an effort to prevent corrupt parties. make up for their relative deficiency of hard contributions and purge issue ads, the The soft money loophole arose in response money. Over the long-term the Democrats McCain-Feingold bill will constrain the to two forces: the sorry state of national par- might be able to reach parity with Repub- party in other ways. State parties, particu- ties in the 1970s and the long-held belief licans hard money fundraising, although tra- larly in states where the parties rely on among political scientists that stronger na- ditionally the Democrats have been less suc- major donors, will find it more difficult to tional parties would improve the ability of cessful soliciting small contributions than pay administrative costs, even as they aug- voters to hold government accountable. Na- Republicans. ment efforts to raise money from smaller do- tional parties in the U.S. have never had Table 5 (not shown) is further evidence nors. It is also conceivable that media ex- well-financed organizations. [FN4] and in the that soft money is important to both parties penditures will maintain current levels and 1970s, their situation appeared especially in federal elections. It demonstrates that the be paid for with hard money as ‘‘inde- dire. The national party organizations reput- parties concentrate their money in competi- pendent’’ party expenditures. Given finite re- edly needed a greater presence in the new tive states. The 10 party organizations that sources, broadly based party-building, in- world of campaign finance created by FECA, spent the most on media were in states with cluding voter registration and mobilization, which put candidates at the center of na- a highly competitive presidential or Senate may suffer the most. Certainly there are no tional political campaigns. [EN5] FECA im- campaign, or both. These included 6 Demo- guarantees, but it is a plausible outcome posed new restrictions on the amounts that cratic and 4 Republican organizations. The that should be kept in mind as the House be- national parties could give to candidates and average media expenditure among all 100 gins debate on campaign finance reform. on the ways that the parties could raise

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.029 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E264 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 money. These restrictions hit the Demo- didate and $15,000 to national party organiza- eclipsed parties as an organizing force in vot- cratic National Committee (‘‘DNC’’) particu- tions in each election. The 1979 amendments ing behavior and elections. [FN23] The rise of larly hard, as the committee labored under to FECA provide an avenue through which personal voting and the incumbency advan- debt from the 1968 and 1972 campaigns. groups and individuals can avoid these lim- tage over the last forty years suggests that Soft money also answered a century of po- its, giving unlimited amounts to the parties’ many voters focus on the individual politi- litical science speculation and theorizing. non-federal accounts. [FN21] In addition, or- cian more and rely on party less. [FN24] Indi- Political scientists have long argued that ganizations, especially corporations, can viduals and groups may choose to channel the absence of strong national party organi- avoid having to set up a separate and seg- their resources either to parties or indi- zations in the U.S. limits the ability of vot- regated fund, commonly called a political ac- vidual candidates. The decline of parties is ers to hold government accountable for pub- tion committee (‘‘PAC’’), through which the often traced to increases in the campaign re- lic policies. [FN6] In order to hold the gov- organizations raise money for federal elec- sources of individual candidates, especially ernment accountable, voters need to face tions. Finally, soft money is widely seen as incumbents, and declines in electoral re- clear, programmatic choices. Party money is an evasion of presidential spending limits, as sources and activities *603 of party organiza- one means to this end. presidential candidates can raise money for tions. [FN25] Do parties command substan- Parties are able to impose discipline on the ‘‘non-federal’’ accounts of the DNC and tially fewer resources than candidates do? their members, acting as a counterweight to RNC and those funds can be spent in battle- Surprisingly, in our world of candidate-cen- the many special interests that may chip ground states. tered campaigns, parties and candidates at- away at the public good behind legisla- Critics of contemporary campaign finance tract approximately the same amount of tion. [FN7] Expanding party money might raise a more generic concern about party money. [FN26] also weaken the influence of interest * 600 money. Interest groups might capture or cor- Second, party committees are essentially groups by lessening the unique campaign fi- rupt the parties, just as they allegedly com- campaign operations and are, therefore, nance advantages of incumbents, which de- promise congressional decisionmaking. Soft most appropriately compared to candidates, rive substantially from interest group con- money is raised without contribution limits; rather than to political action committees. tributions. [FN8] This argument received its many of the donations exceed $100,000 and Parties seek to win a majority of seats in the most famous expression in a report of the come from corporations, associations, and legislatures or control of the executive of- American Political Science Association pub- individuals with strong interests in legisla- fice, and they do so through direct cam- lished in 1950 and entitled ‘‘Toward a More tive and executive decisions facing the gov- paigning and by assisting their local cam- Responsible Two-Party System.’’ [FN9] ernment. Large donations from a specific in- paign organizations. FEC reports reveal that The committee that crafted the report rec- terest or industry, it is feared, might con- parties are not primarily operations for do- ommended three concrete changes in the vince the party caucuses within Congress or nating money to candidates. Less than one practice of politics that would improve ac- the president to protect that interest. Our percent of party money is contributed to fed- countability: more programmatic parties, aim is to put the essential claims about eral candidates, and only about ten percent greater democracy within the parties (such party money to empirical scrutiny. First, is spent on their behalf. [FN27] FEC audits of party committees reveal that the national as primary elections), and deregulation of how apt is the traditional view of parties? Republican and Democratic organizations the parties’ campaign fundraising activities. Does party money produce greater degrees of spend their funds on overhead, fundraising, [FN10] On all three counts, American politics electoral accountability and legislative dis- and their own campaigns to win control over have moved in the direction of the commit- cipline? Second, how accurate are contem- government, including grassroots organizing tee’s proposals and its vision of responsible porary critics of parties? Is party money, es- and television advertising, as well as on re- party government. The parties within Con- pecially soft money, swamping the system? cruiting and training candidates and cam- gress exhibit much more party line voting Has FECA’s system of contribution limits paign organizers. An audit of the RNC’s 1984 today than they did in the 1970s, providing broken down? Finally, what would be the accounts revealed that approximately thirty voters a much clearer choice. [FN11] Pri- *602 practical political consequences of fur- percent of that money was spent on direct mary elections and other party reforms in ther constraining party money raised for campaign activities, such as advertising and the 1960s and 1970s created more democracy state and local parties and elections? We field operations; an additional third went to within the parties. [FN12] The consequence analyze these questions through the lenses of fundraising. [FN28] An audit of the Dukakis of those changes in our national politics is campaign finance reforms that would end campaign in California, and of the California the subject of intense scholarly scrutiny. soft money. State Democratic party, in 1988 showed that [FN13] Our concern is with the third factor Part I of this paper details how parties half of the funds went for field operations, in the contemporary experiment with raise money and how they handle it, espe- such as get-out-the-vote drives, canvassing, stronger parties, the money. cially in contrast to how candidates raise Today, the American political parties are and direct mail; twenty percent went for money. Here we assess how much money prolific fundraisers. In 1998, for example, media. [FN29] These figures are remarkably would be affected by proposals to close the Democratic and Republican national party similar to the activities of federal can- soft money loophole, and whether the rise of organizations raised $445 million for their didates, whose reports to the FEC reveal soft money signals the failure of the con- federal (hard money) accounts, and $224 mil- that thirty percent of congressional cam- tribution limits established by FECA. Part lion for their non-federal (soft money) ac- paign money goes for media advertising and 11 assesses two key claims about party counts. [FN14] about twenty percent goes for grassroots money and party discipline in national poli- Party money has not been heartily em- cwnpaign activity. [FN30] tics: that party contributions and expendi- braced by the public, politicians or political Third, candidates are the relevant bench- tures foster electoral competition and that scientists. Twice, Congress has nearly closed marks against which to compare party fi- party money creates greater party discipline the soft money loophole. [FN15] Campaign nance because the government is ultimately within the legislature. In this Part we argue reform bills proposed by Representatives organized both by individual politicians and that the parties do produce more electoral Shays and Meehan and by Senators McCain by parties of politicians. The U.S. House and competition, but that a ban on soft money and Feingold passed the House of Represent- Senate, for example, are organized into com- would have little impact on national party atives in each of the last two Congresses, and mittees, which are often tailored to mem- politics. Part III of this paper explores how have failed in the Senate only because a mi- bers’ and constituents’ interests, as well as party money is used at the state level, espe- nority of senators sustained filibusters. *601 party hierarchies. If contributors can influ- cially for grass roots activities. Here we [FN16] Scholarly and popular commentary ence public policy or change the composition project that a complete ban on soft money has similarly turned against party finance, *604 of the government with their campaign would significantly curtail grassroots activi- and against soft money in particular. The donations, then they may be able to achieve ties of state party organizations and would objections are not that the parties have be- their ends either through donations to politi- significantly reduce participation, a con- come too strong. Rather, it is alleged that cians or to party committees. Finally, par- sequence that has as yet received little at- party finance practices have inadvertently ties and candidates draw on the same pools tention in national discussions about cam- increased the political leverage of interest of donors—individuals and organizations, es- paign finance reform. groups [FN17] and have ruined the ability of pecially corporations. But, different restric- government agencies to regulate the system I. Party Money Amounts and Accounts tions apply to candidate and party fund rais- of political finance. [FN18] Party money is extremely important: It ing. Donations to federal candidates and Specific objections to soft money empha- accounts for nearly half of all campaign party committees fall under the contribution size the evasion of existing limits. Following money raised at the national level. [FN22] limits imposed by FECA, and individuals and Buckley v. Valeo, [FN19] contribution limits But, as we document, the importance of groups face lower contribution limits when on individuals and groups became the center- party money has not changed much over the they give to candidates than when they give piece of campaign finance regulations in the last twenty years. to parties. Also, non-federal party accounts United States. [FN20] In each election, indi- To measure the importance of national are not subject to federal contribution lim- viduals may give no more than $1,000 to a party fund raising we contrast the resources its. [FN31] candidate, up to $20,000 to national party or- of parties to those of candidates, rather than Table 1 contrasts the receipts of federal ganizations, and a total of no more than to interest groups. There are four reasons for candidates and of national party committees $25,000 to all federal candidates. Organiza- this contrast. First, recent political science over nine election cycles in the 1980s and tions may give no more than $5,000 to a can- scholarship emphasizes that candidates have 1990s. The first and second columns of the

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.032 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E265 table display the amounts raised by congres- Reports on the amounts of soft money be- described it, is whether restrictions on party sional (House and Senate) and presidential fore 1992 are highly incomplete. The Citizens resources would lessen the ability of voters candidates, respectively. The Presidential Research Foundation estimated the amount to hold the government collectively account- funds include public funds provided in the of soft money in 1984 as $22 million, which able. [FN41] Party finances may improve ac- primary and general elections. The third and amounts to about 5 percent of the party countability in two ways. First, party con- fourth columns display the parties’ federal money raised that year. [FN38] The figures tributions and expenditures in national elec- (hard money) and non-federal (soft money) in Table 1 reveal that by the end of the 1990s tions might increase electoral competition. receipts. [FN32] Official FEC reports on soft soft money had risen to $200 million. In particular, party money is often thought money are not available for the early 1980s, Third, soft money, though it has grown, is to be a counter-weight to the inequity be- and the amounts are presumed to be small. still a relatively small fraction of party tween individual candidates’ resources, most For 1984 and 1988, we include some estimates money and of all money. By the end of the notably the discrepancies between incum- provided by the Citizens’ Research Founda- 1990s, non-federal accounts handled slightly bents’ and challengers’ financial advantages. tion and other sources. less than a third of all party money. Even Second, party money might produce more Table 1. Candidate and Party Funds with this growth, non-federal accounts still discipline in Congress, as leaders might be Some double counting exists in the table handle much less money than federal ac- able to use contributions as inducements to because party committees and candidates counts, and contributions to and expendi- keep the party’s congressional delegation in may contribute money to each other. Sur- tures from federal accounts must still com- *608 line on key votes. Greater discipline prisingly little money flows between parties’ ply with contribution limits set by FECA. within Congress on votes central to the par- and candidates’ treasuries. Parties contrib- Table 1 reveals that by the end of the 1990s, ties’ programs would allow the parties to uted only about $5 million directly to can- soft money accounted for just 15 percent of stake out clear policy or ideological posi- didates in 1998, accounting for less than one all money. tions. As a result, voters would be better Soft money, as it is commonly discussed, percent of candidates’ funds. [FN33] In addi- able to distinguish the choices they face in has a more negative connotation than sim- tion, parties’ coordinated and independent the election and to reorient the government ply the amounts of money flowing into non- expenditures totaled $67 million in 1998. In if they did not like the direction of the gov- federal accounts. Soft money has become total, parties only spent about ten percent of erning party. [FN42] synonymous with money laundering. Par- their funds on federal election campaigns at ties, interest groups, and candidates reput- A further concern is how the parties con- the national level, and almost all of these ex- edly avoid the limits on group and individual duct their own campaigns. If a sizable share penditures are advertising and other coordi- contributions to federal candidates and par- of the money goes to voter registration and nated and independent expenditures made by ties by funneling money raised in national mobilization, then party money might foster the parties, rather than direct contributions accounts to state and local organizations. accountability by encouraging people to vote to candidates. Even less money goes from The state and local organizations serve and make their preferences heard. Here, we candidates to parties. Federal candidates merely as fronts for the federal candidates’ address the first two concerns; we leave the contribute only a trace of their money to na- and parties’ campaigns. How much money third issue to the next section, as that is tional party committees. [FN34] Parties and exceeds the limits? candidates, then, represent distinct cam- more readily addressed at the state and local Total non-federal party money provides an paign fund raising venues in national poli- level. upper bound estimate of the amount of tics; one does not feed the other. More A. Does Party Money Increase Electoral money that is given in order to evade con- money flows among the party committees. tribution limits *607 on individuals, corpora- Competition? Twelve percent of soft money in 1994 and ten tions, and other associations. The figures in Many students and observers of Congress percent of the soft money in 1998 came from Table 1 suggest that the amount evading the complain bitterly about the lack of competi- *605 other accounts of the national parties. contribution limits is small relative to the This indicates that the FEC reports suggest tion in congressional elections. They cite amounts subject to the limits. Even with the that there is more soft money than there ac- such facts as the high incumbent reelection soft money loophole, two-thirds of all con- tually is. Funds transferred from one non- rate (averaging over 95 percent since 1980): tributions to parties go to federal accounts federal account to another are simply double [FN43] the ‘‘vanishing marginals’’; [FN44] and are subject to contribution limits. Party counted. Funds from federal to non-federal the incumbency advantage in voteshare, money constituted about 45 percent of na- accounts should properly be considered fed- around 8 percent: [FN45] and the huge advan- tional campaign finance in 1998; non-federal eral money, as they were originally raised tage incumbents have in fundraising. [FN46] accounts handled only 15 percent of all from individuals and corporations according Weakening the fundraising capabilities of money raised in 1998 at the national level. to federal contribution limits. Actual soft parties would probably reduce competition. Not all donors to non-federal accounts ex- dollars totaled $89.8 million in 1994 and $196.8 [FN47] Party money flows to more competi- ceeded the limit that they would have been million in 1998. [FN35] subject to had they contributed to a federal tive races. [FN48] Also, as we show here, The contrast between party and candidate committee. In 1998, approximately 18,000 dif- party money flows much more freely to non- national fundraising helps put the parties in ferent donors gave to the national parties’ incumbents than PAC money does. [FN49] clearer relief. First, the data in Table 1 re- soft money accounts. Only eleven percent The panels on the left-hand side of Figure I veal that under FECA candidates and parties gave more than $20,000 to soft money ac- show the natural log of party money (includ- play roughly equal roles in campaign *606 counts, which is the limit on contributions ing coordinated expenditures), plotted fund raising. Federal and non-federal money, to party committees. This relatively small against the Democratic vote-share, for each amounted to approximately forty percent of number of donors gave 78 percent of the soft House race between 1978 and 1998 that was all money raised at the national level in the money—that is, $153 million of $196 million. contested by both major parties. The top left 1990s. [FN36] The fraction of all money going This is a very large amount of money ‘‘skirt- to candidates in Table 1 is fairly stable, aver- panel shows the relationship between Demo- ing’’ the limits, and it is a cause for concern. aging 60 percent, but never more than 65 per- cratic party money *609 and electoral close- However, it represents only 12 percent of all cent or less than 55 percent. The equality of ness: the bottom left panel shows the rela- money raised by candidates and parties at candidate and party money is somewhat sur- tionship between Republican party money the national level. [FN39] prising given the emphasis within political and electoral closeness. A unit change in the Closing the soft money loophole will not science on the rise of ‘‘candidate-centered’’ logarithmic scale can roughly be interpreted force all of the money in parties’ non-federal campaigns. The importance of parties, as a one percent change in the variable. The accounts out of politics. A sizable amount of though, should not be seen as evidence that graphs, then, represent how a percentage non-federal money ($42.6 million out of $196 FECA has gradually broken down. The par- point change in the Democratic vote share million) is raised within contribution limits, ties appear to be a constant in American corresponds to a percentage chance in the and we suspect that federal committees campaign finance, and this is accommodated amount of party and PAC money received. would likely attract these funds if non-fed- by FECA. The symbols are ‘‘I’’ for races incumbents. Second, the parties have changed how they eral accounts did not exist. [FN40] In addi- tion, if soft money is banned, donors to these ‘‘C’’ for races with challengers, and ‘‘0’’ for handle their funds somewhat, relying in- open seat races. creasingly on non-federal accounts. Much of accounts might redirect their contributions the recent growth in the parties’ treasuries to other accounts—to hard money accounts, Parties clearly, target closer races. The has come through non-federal funds. The to candidate accounts, or to state and local curves on the left have a distinct inverted-U hard money accounts of parties have grown organizations directly. shape, with a peak at almost exactly .5. much more slowly than the hard money ac- II. Party Money in National Elections showing that Democratic and Republican counts of candidates. From the early 1980s to Current campaign finance reform efforts, party committees target close races. Also, the late 1990s. House and Senate money (in such as the McCain-Feingold bill, aim to the curves are relatively symmetric at about off-year elections) grew 85 percent. Over that eliminate soft money entirely. If those ef- .5, suggesting that the party committees same time period, the federal accounts of the forts succeed, what will be the consequences concentrate equally on vulnerable incum- parties grew by only 45 percent. [FN37] Par- for national and state politics? We turn first bents and credible challengers, and tend to ties have kept pace with candidate fund rais- to the national level. The concern for na- ignore safe incumbents and struggling chal- ing through soft money. tional politics, as political scientists have lengers.

VerDate 112000 04:46 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.034 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E266 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 Figure 1: Party versus PAC Contributions as a B. Does Party Money Buy ‘‘Loyalty’’ to the benefit Republican committees and can- Function of Democrat’s Share of the Vote Parties? didates, and elimination of the soft money Won, US House Elections, 1978 to 1998. One way to buy loyalty is to help elect and loophole may benefit the Democrats. reelect those who are known to be loyal. III. Party Money in State and Local Elections The panels on the right-hand side show There is some evidence that at least for analogous plots for PAC contributions. Al- Closing the soft money loophole would af- Democrats, party committees give more though PACs also tend to target close races, fect state and local party organizations and money to House members who vote in line there is one striking difference between the voters they reach much more acutely with their party’s leaders. [FN56] The evi- PACs and parties. While party contributions than it would affect national politics. The ef- dence is rather weak, however, and other drop off sharply in noncompetitive races in- fects would be two-fold. First, as we show studies find no effects. [FN57] volving incumbents, PAC contributions do here, eliminating soft money would seriously Showing that party money actually affects reduce the party treasuries in many states. not. PACs give nearly as much to safe in- voting records is even trickier, because it is Second, eliminating soft money will signifi- cumbents as they give to incumbents who extremely difficult to control for the ‘‘base- cantly reduce the campaign activities that are in trouble. Incumbency of course, is line’’ level of party support (how much a state and local party organizations conduct. nearly synonymous with victory, as approxi- member would support the party even if he Soft money appears to subsidize a wide range mately 95 percent of incumbents who *610 or she did not receive party money). Leyden of activities, including get-out-the-vote seek reelection win. [FN50] The asymmetry and Borrelli claim to show an effect, but it is drives, broadcast advertising, and day-to-day suggests that PACs are drawn to candidates doubtful that have correctly controlled for operations of the organizations. Of par- who are more likely to win. Elsewhere, we the baseline. [FN58] ticular concern, cutting federal transfers to have shown that this behavior is consistent We find mixed evidence for the first claim. the state party organizations will likely re- with the argument that interest groups give We ran a series of Tobit regressions pre- duce grassroots campaign activities and money as an investment in politics, with dicting party money as a function of elec- produce lower voter turnout as a result. some expectation of a return for their dona- toral circumstances and party loyalty in roll To provide a thorough accounting of state tion. [FN51] Also, though this is more dif- call voting, measured as proximity to the parties’ financial activities, we chose to pro- ficult to discern from the graph, PACs give parties’ medians. [FN59] Using the estimated file three states—Idaho, North Carolina, and significantly more to incumbents than to relationship we can measure the *612 ex- Ohio—across three election cycles, 1991–92, non-incumbents, holding the vote margin pected amount of party money received by 1993–94, and 1995–96. [FN64] These states ap- constant. loyal and maverick incumbents. Contrast a pear representative of the rest of the coun- Specifically, PACs give more money to in- Democrat who is at the party’s median with try. Ohio is the seventh most populous state cumbents than they do to open seat can- one at the 25th percentile of his party (in the in the U.S., and it has highly competitive didates who win by the same vote margin or conservative or moderate direction). The av- elections. [FN65] North Carolina is a mid- who compete in districts with similar par- erage Democratic incumbent over the period sized state (two-thirds the population of tisan levels. [FN52] What is more, PACs give 1978 to 1998 received about $10,000 from the Ohio); it too is highly competitive. [FN66] more to incumbents who lose by I to 5 per- Democratic party’s committees. [FN60] The Idaho is a small state, and leans strongly to- cent than they do to challengers who win by more moderate Democrat received only ward the Republicans, though Democrats I to 5 percent.[FN53] This is not true for the about $6,000 from party committees. In other have won statewide and federal offices over parties. Party contributions act as some- words, the effect of being at the 25th per- the last two decades. [FN67] thing of a counterbalance to PAC contribu- centile of the Democratic party, rather than These states share some important charac- tions. A back-of-the-envelope calculation at its median, cost the more moderate mem- teristics. All three states have very complete gives some sense of what might happen if ber about $4,000 in party campaign funds. For public reporting of the receipts and expendi- party money dries up. Consider all races be- Republicans, the corresponding difference tures of the parties. [FN68] In all three tween 1988 and 1998. On average, Democratic between the party’s median member and a states, the parties’ central or executive com- challengers received 14 percent of their total member at the 25th percentile (again in the mittees handle almost all of the parties’ campaign funds (including coordinated and moderate direction) is just $206—essentially campaign money. Idaho’s party committees independent expenditures) from party com- no effect. [FN61] raised a total of $3 million in 1996, $2.4 mil- mittees, and Republican challengers received These slight effects suggest that further lion of which *614 went to the state commit- almost 11 percent of their funds from parties. restrictions on federal party contributions tees—the Idaho Democratic Party and the The corresponding figures for incumbents and spending money would have relatively Idaho Republican Party. The remainder was were 2.0 percent and 1.7 percent, respec- little effect on discipline within the party. distributed evenly across numerous county tively. In a previous paper, we estimated Nevertheless, these effects measure how we party, committees. [FN69] The House and that the elasticity of challenger vote-share predict loyalty rates to change with modest Senate caucus committees controlled rel- with respect to challenger spending .05 to .08 changes in party contributions. It is unclear atively little. North Carolina also has ex- tremely active county committees; they range. [FN54] Using an intermediate value of what the consequences for party discipline tend to be recipients of state party money. .07, a 10 percent reduction in challenger might be if the party committees’ presence [FN70] In Ohio, party money is concentrated spending implies that the average chal- in candidates’ campaigns expanded signifi- in the state committees, though the legisla- lenger’s vote percent will fall by about 2.5 cantly. What seems more certain is that ex- tive caucuses have played a relatively more percentage points. panding the parties’ campaign activities and expenditures would aid challengers some- important role in the past. [FN71] In terms The effect of this counterweight of parties what. Parties contribute and spend money in of party money, these states span much of in specific races for Congress is slight, pri- federal races in ways that foster competi- the observed variation in transfers from non- marily because parties spend so little money tion. The sums, however, do not appear large federal accounts. Combining the 1996 and 1998 on individual races. We are unsure what the enough to make an appreciable difference in elections, Ohio, with 11 million people, re- effects on electoral competition and turn- the final election outcomes. If anything, the ceived $10.6 million in soft money, North over might be if the parties were to spend. behavior of the parties in national elections Carolina, with 7.5 million people, received say, five times more than they currently do suggests that, if our objective is to increase $7.6 million in soft money, and Idaho, with on national elections. This is the world envi- electoral competition and, thus, electoral ac- 1.2 million people, received $2.4 million in sioned by proponents of stronger parties. countability, then parties command too lit- soft money. [FN72] such as Dan Lowenstein, who recommends tle of the money spent in American national Figure 2: Repub. and Democ. Soft Money in heavy public subsidy of parties to counteract elections. States, 1996–1998 the incumbency advantage. [FN55] The ob- One caveat to this implication is in order. Tabular or graphic material set forth at stacle to forecasting what this world would Party money is not politically balanced or this point is not displayable. be like is that it is unclear what cir- neutral: Republican committees regularly Figure 2 graphs the combined 1996 and 1998 cumstances would lead the parties to shift raise and spend more money than Demo- soft money contributions to state parties of their *611 resources more heavily into con- cratic committees. This pattern is especially Democratic and Republican national com- gressional campaigns and away from state strong in hard money accounts; in 1998. Re- mittees. [*615 FN73] The graph shows that and local activities. publican committees raised $285 million and Democratic and Republican money increase The bottom line, though, is that signifi- Democratic committees raised $160 million together. In the figure, California, with 32.7 cant reductions in party receipts would not in hard money. Over the last decade (1988 to million people, receives by far the most change competition in the national elections 1998), Republican national campaign com- money ($33 million). Ohio ranks with New appreciably. Complete elimination of party mittees raised 65 percent of the party money York and Illinois as the next largest recipi- contributions and coordinated and inde- in federal accounts. [FN62] Soft money is ents of soft money over the last two election pendent expenditures would lower chal- more balanced: Over the last decade, Repub- cycles. North Carolina is in a cluster of lengers’ vote shares by 2.5 percent, but the lican *613 committees have accounted for 55 states that includes Texas, Pennsylvania, typical challenger today only receives 35 per- percent of soft money. [FN63] Thus, complete Washington, and Kentucky. Idaho is in a cent of the vote. deregulation of party money would likely cluster of smaller states including Arkansas,

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.036 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E267

Connecticut, and Massachusetts, which re- Morris and his collaborators. [FN77] We then *618 CONCLUSION ceived about $2 million total over the two aggregated these into several broader cat- Party money poses a dilemma, both for election cycles. The densest cluster of states egories: ‘‘grassroots or direct campaigning,’’ those who advocate stronger and more re- in the graph is in the lower left corner. One- ‘‘media campaigning,’’ ‘‘overhead,’’ ‘‘con- sponsible parties and for those who advocate third of the states received less than $1 mil- sulting,’’ ‘‘contributions,’’ ‘‘transfers,’’ and elimination of soft money to reform cam- lion from national parties non-federal ac- ‘‘fundraising.’’ paign finance. Broadly speaking, political The state parties spend fairly constant counts over the two elections. parties are thought to be instruments of proportions on each of these categories. For The importance of soft money to state par- greater political accountability and mass de- ties is readily measured as the fraction of our purposes grassroots and media cam- mocracy. state party committees’ total receipts that paigning are of greatest interest. In North Voters can more readily hold stronger, uni- come from non-federal national party ac- Carolina, in both 1992 and 1996, we estimate fied national parties responsible for their ac- counts. How dependent are the states on non- that the state parties spent approximately 20 tions and redirect government if need be. At federal accounts for their resources? Using percent of their funds on media advertising least since the 1950s, political scientists have the reports of the state election finance and 25 percent on grassroots or direct cam- argued that we should strengthen the parties agencies in Idaho, North Carolina, and Ohio, paigning. In Idaho, we estimate that the par- organizationally, and that unregulated party we calculated the total amount of money ties spent approximately, 15 percent of their campaign money is one of the main mecha- raised by the party committees in these funds on grassroots campaigning in 1992 and nisms through which the United States can states, excluding transfers between state 1996. They spent just 4 percent on media in achieve stronger parties. [FN86] The devil, party committees. In Idaho, the Republican 1992 and 9 percent on media in 1996. In Ohio, though, is in the fund-raising. The parties and Democratic state and local party com- we estimate that the parties spent 7 percent may have to act irresponsibly toward the mittees raised a combined total of $1.4 mil- on media in 1992 and 5 percent on media in public in order to raise funds from wealthy lion in 1992, of which $550,000 was soft, and a 1996. They, spent 32 percent on grassroots individuals, corporations, and other private total of $3.0 million in 1996, of which $1 mil- campaigning in 1992 and 27 percent on grass- concerns. lion was soft. In North Carolina, the state roots campaigning in 1996. In each of these We have considered the concrete tradeoffs and local party committees raised a total of states, the parties spent between 30 and 40 percent of their funds on reaching voters di- presented by proposals to eliminate soft $10 million in 1992, of which $4.9 million was rectly, the larger category of voter contact money. In terms of reducing corruption or soft, and a total of $18 million, $5.7 million of being direct voter contact, such as direct undue influence, such proposals, at best, can which came from soft money accounts. In mail and canvassing, not broadcast adver- eliminate money that exceeds existing lim- Ohio, the state and local party committees tising. [FN78] its. We estimate that soft money contribu- amassed total receipts of $24.7 million in How will the elimination of party soft tions that evade existing contribution limits 1992, of which $8.1 million was soft, and $19.6 money affect the campaign activities that amounted to approximately $150 million in million in 1996, of which $7.6 million was parties conduct? Between 1992 and 1996 we the 1998 elections. We are unsure what that soft. observe for each state changes in the total These figures show that state parties de- money buys. receipts of the party treasuries as well as We know of no research that provides reli- pend heavily on soft money transferred from changes in their grassroots, or direct cam- the national party committees. In all of able estimates of the amount of influence paign, expenditures. The ratio *617 of the purchased with each additional dollar. If we these cases, more than one-third of the state change in grassroots expenditures to the organizations’ total funds came from na- assume that the influence gained from a dol- change in total receipts measures how the lar contributed within limits is the same as tional ‘‘non-federal’’ accounts. Cutting soft parties translate marginal changes in their money would significantly reduce state par- the influence gained from a dollar given out- receipts into changes in their activities. side the limits, then limiting contributions ties’ financial resources. From 1992 to 1996, Idaho parties’ receipts How would reduction of these funds affect to non-federal party accounts would weaken rose $1.5 million. Their expenditures on di- interest group influence over national poli- state parties’ activities? It is often charged rect voter contact rose $250,000. For every that non-federal money merely takes the tics in the United States somewhat, but this additional dollar raised, the Idaho parties money should not be presumed to have much form of advertising for federal candidates spent an additional 16 cents on voter con- cloaked as state and local party building. leverage. Soft money currently accounts for tact. From 1992 to 1996, North Carolina par- only 12 percent of total national campaign This perception appears to be wrong for ties’ receipts rose $8.4 million. Their expend- three reasons. fund raising. itures on direct voter contact rose $2.15 mil- Individual legislators do not depend on First, national party committees (such as lion. For every additional dollar raised, the the DNC-State Account) contribute or trans- these funds at all—if anything these funds North Carolina parties spent an additional 25 are a nuisance, as the expenditures likely go fer money directly to the state party com- cents on voter contact. From 1992 to 1996, to support their opponents. Thus, if the ef- mittees rather than spend money in the Ohio parties’ receipts fell $7 million. Their fects are corrupting, they are not corrupting states, which the national committees might expenditures on direct voter contact shrank, of individual legislators. Soft money might, do if they were advertising for federal can- $1.3 million. For every dollar lost, the Ohio however, unduly influence the parties. Even didates. Nor is the money that they do spend parties reduced expenditures on voter con- still, the national parties raise two-thirds of clearly earmarked. Instead, almost all of the tact 18 cents. [FN79] These figures suggest their money in hard money donations. soft money that flows into these states is that every dollar lost by the parties from a Against these possible consequences must transferred to the general treasuries of state reduction in federal transfers would cut ex- be weighed the possible effects of soft money committees, *616 which are controlled by penditures on state parties’ direct campaign on the ‘‘responsibility’’ of the parties. We state party organizations. The ultimate deci- activities by 20 cents. [FN80] Soft money sion about how the money is to be spent, it transfers to these states totaled $13 million have focused on three of the central argu- seems, rests with the state committees, in 1996. [FN81] Elimination of these funds, we ments about what responsibility means: rather than with federal committees or fed- estimate, would cut the state parties direct party discipline in policy-making, national eral candidates. campaign expenditures by $2.6 million dol- electoral competition, and party building ac- Second, to the extent that we observe di- lars. tivities, especially grassroots mobilizing. rect national expenditures in the states or How much would turnout decline? In 1996, We believe that the effects of eliminating earmarked money, these funds are dedicated 7.5 million people voted in Idaho, North soft money on the ability of the parties to to overhead, such as office expenditures. Carolina, and Ohio combined. [FN82] To cal- present voters with clear, programmatic Ohio is the clearest example. In 1992, the culate how many fewer people would have choices would be slight. Contrary to the re- RNC and DNC spent almost ten million dol- turned out without the soft money subsidy of sponsible party argument, party money evi- lars in the state; eighty percent of these state grassroots activities, we need to know dently, does not correspond with signifi- funds were dedicated to ‘‘office’’ expendi- the cost of getting an additional voter to the cantly more party discipline. *619 Among tures. [FN75] polls through these activities. From a series Democrats party, loyalty within Congress Third, the state party organizations spend of ingenious field experiments. Alan Gerber and party contributions are correlated; considerable sums on field or grassroots and Donald Green have estimated the mar- among Republicans, they are not. And the campaigning, such as direct mail, precinct ginal cost of getting an additional person to sums are so small that it seems unlikely walks, and voter registration. Documenting the polls through canvassing and related that the parties have created greater dis- the amounts spent on various activities means of voter contact. [FN83] They esti- cipline through their campaign finance com- takes considerable effort. Working with the mate that mobilizing an additional voter mittees. public reports of the parties filed with the costs between $15 and $20. [FN84] These fig- Party money, if it continues to grow, state elections commissions in Idaho, North ures suggest that between 170,000 and 130,000 might have substantial consequences for na- Carolina, and Ohio, we classified each fewer people would have voted in these tional elections. In particular, party money itemized expenditure by the parties in the states in 1996 without the grassroots activi- has the potential to counterbalance interest 1991–92 and 1995–96 election cycles. [FN76] All ties underwritten by the national parties’ group contributions in congressional elec- told there were over 41,000 separate data en- soft money. In other words, cutting soft tions. PACs account for most of the incum- tries to classify. We divided the expenditures money would have lowered turnout in these bency advantage in campaign finance. [FN87] into a fairly detailed category scheme that states by slightly more than two percentage Parties, by contrast, give to close races, as paralleled the format developed by Dwight points. [FN85] suggested in Figure 2, and spend their money

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.038 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E268 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 efficiently so as to have the largest effect on lished manuscript, on file with the Columbia Law ably bad. If it is due to the effectiveness of incum- electoral outcomes. More party money in Review) (providing an excellent summary of how dif- bents in giving constituents what they want, then it congressional elections, at least relative to ferent factors have contributed to increased party may not be. interest group money, would probably discipline in the United States). [FN48] This pattern is noted by Gary C. Jacobson, [FN14]. See Table 1, infra. Party Organizations and the Distribution of Cam- produce much higher electoral competition. [FN15]. See Carroll J. Doherty, Campaign Finance paign Resources, 100 Pol. Sci. Q. 603, 604 (1985–86), However, the parties currently give little to Crusaders Regroup After Latest Defeat, CQ Weekly and by Paul S. Herrnson, National Party Decision congressional candidates and spend little on Rep., Oct. 23, 1999, at 2507–09. Making, Strategies, and Resource Distribution in individual races. [FN16]. See id. at 2507. Congressional Election, 42 W. Pol. Q. 301, 307–09 The most troubling effect of closing the [FN17]. See Drew, supra note 2, at 15. (1989). soft money loophole is that it would signifi- [FN18]. See Michael J. Malbin & Thomas L. Gais, [FN49]. See Figure 1, infra. cantly lessen the electoral presence of state The Day After Reform: Sobering Campaign Finance [FN50]. See Ornstein et al., supra note 11, at 61–62. and local party organizations. Debates in Lessons from the American States 9–13 (1998). [FN51]. See Stephen Ansolabehere & James M. [FN19]. 424 U.S. 1 (1976). Snyder, Jr., Money and Institutional Power. 77 Tex. Washington on bills designed to eliminate [FN20]. See Sorauf, supra note 2, at 9–11. L. Rev. 1673. 1682–98 (1999); James M. Snyder. Jr., The soft money, and many political science and [FN21]. See Drew, supra note 2, at 15; Frank J. Market for Campaign Contributions: Evidence for popular journals have discussed the many Sorauf, Money in American Elections 317–22 (1988). the U.S. Senate 1980–1986, 5 Econ. & Pol. 219, 219 ramifications of eliminating soft money. Lit- [FN22]. See Table 1, infra. (1994). tle mention, however, has been made of the [FN23]. See Martin P. Wattenberg, The Decline of [FN52]. See Ansolabehere & Snyder, supra note 46. consequences for the state parties and the American Political Parties 1952–1988, at 58, 90–91 [FN53]. See FEC, Report on Financial Activity, voters that they reach. Closing the loophole (1990). various years. will starve many grassroots activities of [FN24]. See Bruce Cain et al., The Personal Vote: [FN54]. See Stephen Ansolabehere & James M. Constituency Service and Electoral Independence 9– Snyder, Jr., Money, Elections, and Candidate Qual- state and local parties. Eliminating all cur- 12 (1989) (providing a thorough assessment of this ity (1997) (unpublished manuscript) (on file with Co- rent soft money expenditures, we estimate, trend). For a statistical measure of the rise of the lumbia Law Review). Alan Gerber, Estimating the would lead to a 2 percent decline in voter personal vote, see Stephen Ansolabehere et al., Old Effect of Campaign Spending on Senate Election turnout—without soft money, approximately Voters, New Voters, and the Personal Vote: Using Outcomes Using Instrumental Variables, 92 Am. Pol. 2 million fewer Americans would have gone Redistricting to Measure the Incumbency Advan- Sci. R. 401 (1998), produces very similar estimates for to the polls in 1996. tage, 44 Am. J. of Pol. Sci. 17 (2000). the U.S. Senate. [FN25]. On the decline of party contact, see Steven [FN55]. See Lowenstein, supra note 8, at 363–64. ENDNOTES Rosenstone & Mark Hansen, Mobilization, Participa- [FN56]. See Kevin M. Leyden & Steven A. Borrelli, [FN1]. 2 U.S.C. §§ 431–55 (1994). tion, and Democracy in America 162–63 (1993). Party Contributions and Party Unity: Can Loyalty [FN2]. See Elizabeth Drew, Politics and Money: [FN26]. See Table 1, infra. Be Bought? 43 W. Pol. Q. 343, 351–52 (1990) (con- The New Road to Corruption 15 (1983); Frank J. [FN27]. See FEC, Reports on Financial Activity, cluding on the basis of Tobit results that ‘‘the Sorauf, Inside Campaign Finance 149 (1992). various years; Frank J. Sorauf, Money in American Democratic Party, ‘rewards’ its most loyal members [FN3]. There are numerous FEC advisory opinions Elections 128–31 & tbls. 5–1 & 5–2 (1988). with greater financial aid’’). that clarify what does and does not constitute a [FN28]. See Herbert E. Alexander & Brian A. [FN57]. See, e.g., David M. Cantor & Paul non-federal expenditure or contribution. Three are Haggerty, Financing the 1984 Election 102–05 (1987). Herrnson, Party Campaign Activity and Party Unity of particular note: Allocation of Costs for Voter [FN29]. See Herbert E. Alexander & Monica Bauer. in the U.S. House of Representatives, 22 Legis. Stud. Registration. [1976–1990 Transfer Binder] Fed. Elec- Financing the 1988 Election 77–79 (1991). Q. 393, 402 (1997) (concluding from the results of re- tion Camp. Fin. Guide (CCH) P 5340 (FEC Advisor [FN301]. These figures are from two comprehensive gression analyses that ‘‘past party unity has no sig- Opinion 1978–10); Corporate Support for Party Con- studies of all expenditures by all U.S. House and nificant effect on the distribution of party assist- vention, [1976–1990 Transfer Binder] Fed. Election Senate candidates in the 1990 and 1992 elections. See ance in campaign fundraising. . . .’’). Camp. Fin. Guide (CCH) P 5348 (FEC Advisory Opin- Sara Fritz & Dwight Morris, Handbook of Campaign [FN58]. See Kevin M. Leyden & Steven A. Borrelli, ion 1978–46); Get-Out-the-Vote Drive for State Can- Spending: Money in the 1990 Congressional Races 5– An Investment in Goodwill: Party Contributions and didates, [1976–1990 Transfer Binder] Fed. Election 6 (1991); Dwight Morris & Murielle E. Gamache, Party Unity Among U.S. House Members in the Camp. Fin. Guide (CCH) P 5353 (FEC Advisory Opin- Handbook of Campaign Spending: Money in the 1992 1980s, 22 Am. Pol. Q. 421, 421–52 (1994) (reporting an ion 1978–50). See also Richard Briffault, The Polit- Congressional Races 6–7 (1994). association between party contributions to can- ical Parties and Campaign Finance Reform, 100 [FN31]. See Drew, supra note 2. at 1–5: Allocation didates and the likelihood that the legislator voted Colum. L. Rev. 620, 629 (2000) (discussing the FEC’s of Costs for Voter Registration. [1976–1990 Transfer similarly to the party leadership). The problem of role in clarifying non-federal party activities). Binder] Fed. Election Camp. Fin. Guide (CCH) P 5340 baselines is that the research does not simulta- [FN4]. See American Pol. Sci. Ass’n, Toward a (FEC Advisory Opinion 1978–10). neously establish how the politician would have More Responsible Two-Party System, 44 Am. Pol. [FN32]. These figures combine the accounts of the voted in the absence of contributions. If, for exam- Sci. Rev. 45 (Supp. 1950). DNC, the RNC, the Democratic Senatorial Campaign ple, a legislator represented a district similar to the [FN5]. See Sorauf, supra note 2, at 28–42. Committee (‘‘DSCC’’). the National Republican Sen- district of a party leader, then that legislator might [FN6]. The intellectual history on this is long and ate Committee (‘‘NRSC’’), the Democratic Congres- cast roll call votes in line with the leader not be- storied. See, e.g., Austin Ranney, The Doctrine of sional Campaign Committee (‘‘DCCC’’), and National cause of party contributions but because such votes Responsible Party, Government: Its Origins and Republican Congressional Committee (‘‘NRCC’’). represent his or her constituents. Present State (1962) (providing an excellent history [FN33]. See FEC, Reports on Financial Activity, [FN59]. Tobit regression predicts a dependent vari- of the American writers advocating strong parties at 1997–1998. able, in this case contributions to and expenditures the close of the 19th century and beginning of the [FN34]. See id. on behalf of individual candidates that came from 20th century, including Woodrow Wilson, A. Law- [FN35]. See FEC. Downloadable Databases Con- political party committees, as a linear combination rence Lowell, Henry Jones Ford, and Frank taining Financial Information About Candidates, of many independent variables predicting a single Goodnow). Ranney also offers an assessment of the Parties and Other Committees (visited Jan. 17, 2000) dependent variable. Tobit regressions correct for widely held belief among political scientists in the (on file ‘‘censoring’’ effects due to many 0’s in the dependent middle of the 20th century that stronger political with the Columbia Law Review), FEC, Reports on variable. See generally William H. Greene, Econo- parties in the United States are desirable, and dis- Financial Activity, 1993–1994, 1995–1996, and 1997–1998. metric Analysis 962–65 (3d ed. 1997). The regressions cusses the conditions under which such ‘‘respon- [FN36]. Calculated by the authors based on Table include year dummies, district partisanship. oppo- sible’’ parties can be achieved. See id. at 155–63. 1, supra. nent total expenditures. and roll call voting scores. [FN7]. E.E. Schattschneider provides the classic [FN37]. Calculated from the second column of [FN60]. Party money in this analysis consists of description of the struggle between parties and in- Table 1, supra. contributions and coordinated expenditures com- terest groups: The real choice is between a strong [FN38]. See Table 1. supra: Alexander & Bauer, bined. The average is for incumbents who received party system on the one hand and a system of poli- supra note 29, at 37. at least some party money contributions. The aver- tics in which congressmen are subjected to minority [FN39]. See FEC. Report on Financial Activity, age for incumbents and non-incumbents combined pressures. The assumption made here is that party 1997–1998. was $14,000. government is better than government by irrespon- [FN40]. See id. [FN61]. In the regressions pooling all years, for sible organized minorities and special interests. The [FN41]. See. e.g, Fiorina. Decline, supra note 7, at Democrats, the coefficient for proximity of roll call parties are superior because they must consider the 3O–33; Lowenstein, supra note 8, at 341–51. voting to the party median is positive and highly problems of government broadly, they submit their [FN42]. See. e.g, Morris Florina. Retrospective significant, with a t-statistic over 6. Looking at fate to an election, and are responsible to the public. Voting in American National Elections 202–03 (1981) each year separately, the effect of proximity to the E.E. Schattschneider, Party Government 193 (1942). (arguing in the conclusion that without pro- median for Democrats is significant in all years. For See also Morris P. Fiorina, The Decline of Collective grammatic parties, retrospective voting is not pos- Republicans, the effects in the pooled data and in Responsibility in American Politics, 109 Daedalus 25, sible). each year are always insignificant, and in some 27–28 (1980) [hereinafter Fiorina, Decline] (providing [FN43]. See Ornstein et al., supra note 11, at 61–62. years have the ‘‘wrong’’ sign. a more contemporary formulation of [FN44]. David Mayhew. Congressional Elections: [FN62]. FEC, Press Release, FEC Reports on Polit- Schattschneider’s argument); Anthony King, Run- The Case of the Vanishing Marginals, 6 Polity 295, ical Party Activity for 1997–1998, at 2, Tables 1–2 ning Scared 181–87 (1997) (discussing various ways to 295(1974). (Apr. 9, 1999) http://www.fec.gov/press/ptyye98.htm strengthen American Political Parties). [FN45]. See Ansolabehere et al., supra note 24, at (on file with the Columbia Law Review). [FN8]. See Daniel Hays Lowenstein, On Campaign 30; Steven D. Levitt & Catherine D. Wolfram, De- [FN63]. See id.; FEC, Press Release, FEC Reports Finance Reform: The Root of All Evil is Deeply composing the Sources of Incumbency Advantage in on Political Party Activity for 1995-1996, at Tables 3– Rooted, 18 Hofstra L. Rev. 301, 348–51 (1989). the U.S. House, 22 Legis. Stud. Q. 45, 46 (1997). 4 (Mar. 19, 1997) http://www.fec.gov/1997news.html (on [FN9]. American Pol. Sci. Ass’n, supra note 4. [FN46]. See Gary C. Jacobson, Money in Congres- file with the Columbia Law Review). [FN10]. See id. at 9–11. sional Elections 105–23 (1980); Stephen Ansolabehere [FN64]. See Idaho Secretary of State, Election Di- [FN11]. See Norman Ornstein et al., Vital Statis- & James M. Snyder, Jr., Money and Office, in Con- vision: Campaign Finance (visited Jan. 17, 2000) tics on Congress, 1997–1998, at 11–13 (1999). tinuity and Change in Congressional Elections (on [FN12]. See Nelson W. Polsby, Consequences of (David Brady et al. eds., forthcoming 2000). file with the Columbia Law Review) [hereinafter Party Reform 9–16 (1983); Austin Ranney, Curing the [FN47]. Of course, it is not clear why increasing Idaho Election Div. Website]; North Carolina State Mischiefs of Faction 82 (1975). competitiveness, per se, is a good thing—rather, it Board of Elections, Campaign Finance Reports [FN13]. See, e.g., Morris P. Fiorina, Whatever Hap- depends on why there is little competition. If it is Download (visited Jan. 17, 2000) (on file with

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.040 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E269 the Columbia Law Review) [hereinafter N.C. Bd. of money than Republican parties on media-re- these ads with soft money. If parties can use Elections Website]. In Ohio, data are distributed by lated activities, such as issue ads, probably soft money to help their federal candidates, the Secretary of State, 30 East Broad Street, 14th to compensate for their lack of hard relative then party contribution limits under FECA Floor, Columbus, Ohio 43266–0418. A database was provided by the Secretary of State’s office. to the Republicans. We conclude with a rec- are rendered almost meaningless. [FN65]. See Michael Barone & Grant Ujifusa, The ommendation that reformers consider some We find conclusively that national parties Almanac of American Politics, 2000 1240–48 (1999) of the positive effects on American elections exploited an opportunity to help their nomi- (statistics on page 1248). of party control of campaign resources as nees for federal offices by channeling funds [FN66]. See id. at 1184–93 (statistics on page 1193). they attempt to curb the potential for cor- to state parties for the express purpose of [FN67]. See id. at 506–12 (statistics on page 512). ruption by restricting or eliminating soft purchasing issue ads. Party-sponsored issue [FN68]. See FEC, Campaign Finance Law 98, Chart money contributions to parties. ads increased dramatically in the 1996 and 1 (1999). 1998 elections, just when national parties INTRODUCTION [FN69]. See Idaho Election Div. Website, supra were transferring significant sums of soft note 64 (for hardcopy versions of these data, see Scarcely a week passes during an election money to state parties. We also demonstrate State of Idaho, Contributions and Expenditures of year without news reports of a corporation that most media-related spending occurred Candidates for Statewide, Legislative, and Judicial or wealthy individual making a large soft Office and Political Committees (Jan. 1, 1997–Dec. 31, in states with competitive races for the 1996 1998)). money contribution to one of the major par- presidential and 1998 Senate campaigns. [FN70]. See North Carolina State Board of Elec- ties. Election web sites sponsored by non- But our analysis also reveals that party tions, Analysis of Contributions and Expenditures, partisan organizations and government agen- issue ads are only one part of the story. 1998 (Jan. 15, 1999). cies routinely provide access to data on cam- While expenditures on media-related activi- [FN71]. See Ohio Secretary of State, Ohio 1998, paign contributions to candidates and par- ties surged in 1996, so did spending on grass- Campaign Finance Facts 65–69. ties. This widespread focus on contributions roots and voter mobilization efforts—the [FN72]. See Barone & Ujifusa, supra note 65 at 512, to and from political committees stems from kind of party campaign activity Congress 1184, 1248 (reporting population figures). Transfers to state committees compiled by authors from FEC, a genuine concern to expose corruption root- wanted to encourage when it revised the Press Release, FEC Reports on Political Party Ac- ed in the exchange of money. Even without FECA in 1979. tivity 1997–1998, supra note 61, at Tables 9 and 10. sufficient evidence of corruption, reform ad- We believe our findings complicate the re- [FN73]. These figures come from FEC, Press Re- vocates continue a single-minded quest to form debate considerably. On the one hand, lease, FEC Reports on Political Party Activity 1997– restrict the size of political contributions, we observe parties violating the spirit, if not 1998, supra note 61, at Tables 9 and 10. without looking at the other side of the the letter, of the law when they pay for issue [FN74]. Calculated by the authors from reports of equation. What do candidates and their par- ads with soft money that help federal can- the state election commissions. See supra notes 56– didates. And yet, we also notice that soft 56. ties do with campaign contributions? Are they spent in ways that encourage or money has been used to bolster party activi- [FN75]. See Ohio Secretary of State, supra note 71. ties that citizens, elected officials and polit- We were able to classify 94 percent of the 41,000 ex- dampen competition? Does party soft money penditure items listed in the database into cat- spending generate any public benefits in ical scientists view as positive for democ- egories of office and overhead, fundraising, grass- elections, beyond its intended support for racy. The increased use of soft money is as- roots activities, media, contributions, and payroll. candidates? sociated with greater spending on political [FN76]. See id. A narrow focus on the sources of contribu- rallies, bumper stickers and yard signs, as [FN77]. See Fritz & Morris, supra note 30, at 15–29; tions prevents us from speaking to such well as voter identification and get-out-the- Morris & Gamache, supra note 30, at Chapter 2. questions. In this paper, we try to redress vote programs. [FN78] These estimates are based on data sets pro- Another healthy sign, especially from the what we see as a one-sided approach to the vided by the relevant state offices. perspective of political scientists, is that [FN79]. These figures are calculated from the study of campaign finance, particularly with state party organizations appear to be grow- datasets provided by the relevant state offices. See respect to the soft money issue. We set out ing stronger, if somewhat more reliant on supra note 50. to answer a simple question: how do political [FN80]. The 20 cents figure is an average of the re- national organizations. Our findings dem- parties spend soft money? By most journal- onstrate that infusions of soft money have duction in expenditures in the three states com- istic accounts, the conclusion is that parties bined. augmented activities at party headquarters, [FN81]. FEC, Press Release, Reports on Political use soft money to pay for ‘‘issue ads’’ that as evidenced by increased spending on staff Party Activity for 1997–1998, supra note 61, at 2. support the presidential or congressional salaries, rent, computers, telephones and [FN82]. FEC, Federal Elections 96: Election Re- candidates. Our study demonstrates this par- other organizational maintenance neces- sults for the US President, the US Senate, and the tial truth, but also provides evidence to sup- sities. For several generations, scholars have US House of Representatives, at tbl. 1 (1997). port a more complex reality. In fact, the par- worried about the demise of party organiza- [FN83]. See Alan Gerber, A Tale of Two Lit- ties continue to spend a great deal of soft tions that formerly played a key role in eratures (Mar. 1999) (unpublished manuscript, on file money on traditional party-building func- with Dept. of Political Science, Yale University); nominating candidates and pulling together Alan Gerber & Donald Green, The Effect of a Non- tions that mobilize voters through individual coalitions. Weak parties leave the field open partisan Get-Out-the-Vote Drive: An Experimental contacts. to single-issue interest groups and can- Study (Aug. 1999) (unpublished manuscript, on file Why should we care about making such didate-centered campaigns that tend to frag- with Dept. of Political Science, Yale University) distinctions about party spending? When ment the electorate and subsequently in- [hereinafter Nonpartisan GOTV]; Alan Gerber & Congress amended the Federal Election Cam- crease the difficulty of governing. To the ex- Donald Green, Does Canvassing Increase Voter paign Act (FECA) in 1979, it made provisions tent that party organizations are increas- Turnout? A Field Experiment, 96 Proc. Nat’l Acad. for parties to spend unlimited amounts on ingly active in campaigns, we take this as a Sci. 10939 (1999). [FN84]. See Gerber & Green, Nonpartisan GOTV, so-called party building functions. The ear- positive sign of party revitalization. Beyond supra note 83, at 220. lier version of the FECA in 1974 inhibited our preliminary analysis, future research [FN85]. We are indebted to Alan Gerber for assist- state and local parties from participating in should investigate in greater detail the de- ing with these calculations. the presidential campaign through grass- gree to which party activity reflects ‘‘pass [FN86]. See, e.g., Lowenstein, supra note 8, at 351– roots activities because of rules limiting throughs’’ of money for specific candidates 55; Fiorina, Decline, supra note 7, at 26–27. contributions to the candidates. The 1979 or support for a collective and unifying form [FN87]. See Ansolabehere & Snyder, supra note 46. amendment, which exempted generic party of campaigning, closer to the model of re- activity from contribution limits for the sponsible parties outlined by the American [Institute of Governmental Studies and Citi- presidential campaign, was a deliberate ef- Political Science Association. zens Research Foundation—Working fort to increase the party role in American We make no assertions about whether soft Paper, July 2000] elections. In this study we find that this pol- money strengthens the party system and im- icy, worked. State parties, in fact, increased proves the electoral process. Our findings are SOFT MONEY SPENDING BY STATE PARTIES: merely suggestive. In part, we publish the re- WHERE DOES IT REALLY GO? mobilization and grassroots activities in the 1990s, largely as a result of the 1979 exemp- sults of this working paper to give pause to (By Ray La Raja and Karen Pogoda) tion and the increased use of soft money. supporters of a ban on soft money from the SUMMARY It is unlikely, however, that when Con- campaign finance system. By moving too In this study we analyze campaign expend- gress made changes to the FECA, members quickly to eliminate party resources, the itures by state political parties from the 1992 understood the role that soft money would public may forego potential benefits of through 1998 elections, which includes dis- play in paying for issue advocacy, the ge- stronger parties. Worse, the money that now bursements of soft and hard money. We find neric media advertising sponsored by parties flows through parties may simply be re- evidence to support a more complex reality that often crosses the line into direct can- channeled through other, less visible organi- about how soft money is used by parties than didate support. Reform advocates argue, zations. Experience shows this is not simply is typically conveyed in the news media. with merit, that issue advocacy reduces the plausible but probable. The prospects for ef- While party spending on issue ads increased distinction between hard and soft money fective reform are enhanced through a gen- dramatically in 1996 and 1998, so did party- spending. By producing campaign ads that uine understanding of the outputs, as well as building activities, such as voter mobiliza- bolster a particular candidate in all but the inputs, of campaign money. tion and grassroots, which were encouraged name, parties found a way to get around lim- SOME BACKGROUND by amendments to the Federal Election its on candidate support. So long as the What is soft money? Campaign Act in 1979. We also find that party avoids the electioneering phrase, ‘‘vote Soft money is a term developed in the 1980s Democratic state parties spend more soft for,’’ or something similar, they can pay for to differentiate contributions to the party

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.044 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E270 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 that may be used to support federal can- this case, the justices tried to distinguish be- for election cycles 1992 through 1998. Fortu- didates directly from those that cannot. tween constitutionally-protected free speech nately, staff at the FEC entered, by hand, Under federal law, the purpose of soft money and electioneering messages. The ruling each expenditure item in database files from is for party building and not for direct can- demonstrated that the courts would nar- the hard-copy reports submitted by state didate support. In 1974, when Congress passed rowly define ‘‘electioneering’’ to include parties. Using these files, we developed a amendments to the Federal Election Cam- messages that clearly exhorted citizens to coding scheme to categorize more than paign Act (FECA), it imposed a limit on con- vote for or against specific candidates. Under 300,000 itemized expenditure entries in each tributions to the party, and the amount of a narrow definition, parties could safely use election cycle. The categories are the fol- direct support that parties could provide soft money for issue ads that helped can- lowing: their candidates, either through cash or in- didates so long as they avoided election- Overhead: office related expenses such as kind contributions. Individuals could donate eering language that constituted ‘‘express rent, salaries, computers, travel, and utili- no more than $20,000 to parties, and PACs advocacy’’ for a candidate. Such language in- ties. were limited to $15,000. In the late 1970s, cludes use of the words, ‘‘vote for,’’ ‘‘op- Media: communication expenditures for leaders of state party organizations lobbied pose,’’ ‘‘support,’’ and the like. television, radio and newspaper and produc- Congress and the Federal Elections Commis- One consequence of Buckley was a delib- tion and purchase costs. sion (FEC) to permit them to extend the use erate party strategy to funnel money to Mobilization: costs of contacting individual of soft money to generic party activities state parties where complex rules permitted voters through direct mail, telephone banks, that included distribution of lawn signs, them greater use of soft money. In a presi- canvassing and voter identification files. bumper stickers and activities aimed broad- dential election year, national committees Grassroots: activities that encourage cit- ly at mobilizing the vote. They argued that must allocate hard money to at least 65 per- izen participation in campaigns. Expendi- federal laws limiting party support of presi- cent of administrative costs. The state par- tures for rallies, fairs, volunteer precinct dential candidates constrained them from ties, in contrast, might pay for the same ac- walks, banners, slate cards, bumper stickers, performing generic party campaign activi- tivity with as little as 25 percent hard and local party support. ties that broadly benefited both federal and money, depending on a formula that con- Multi-candidate contributions: non-generic state candidates. Congress responded with siders the ratio of state and federal can- in-kind contributions from the party to sev- amendments in 1979 permitting state and didates in the election. Much has been writ- eral candidates, e.g., newspaper ads, that local parties to spend unlimited funds on ten about party efforts to conceal campaign jointly benefit specific federal and state can- ‘‘party-building’’ activities, such as grass- advertising behind the shroud of state party didates. These are distinct from the direct roots campaign materials and voter contact building, but there has been little systematic activities. It is important to note that Con- contributions to candidate committees. analysis to demonstrate the extent of this Fundraising: costs associated with joint gress did not authorize state committees to activity. We collected financial data on the use unregulated funds to pay for these ac- fundraising for federal, state and local cam- 100 state parties over four elections to exam- paigns. tivities. State parties were required to use ine how parties use soft money. funds raised under the rules of the FECA. Unidentified: expenditures that could not In fact, the so-called soft money loophole METHODS be determined from FEC reports. did not open until the FEC was faced with Our analysis is based on expenditure data In the following sections, we provide sum- the dilemma of providing accounting guide- provided by the Federal Elections Commis- maries for total soft money expenditures in lines to state parties where state laws per- sion (FEC). Since the 1992 election cycle, each of the above categories. We are able to mitted unrestricted contributions from parties at all levels have been required to compare the data over four election cycles, unions and corporations. In response to a maintain two separate accounts, federal and 1992 through 1998. query by the Republican State Committee of non-federal. The non-federal account is not FINDINGS Kansas about how to allocate federal and reported to the FEC because these funds are Are the state parties spending more soft money? nonfederal expenses incurred by party build- applied exclusively to nonfederal activities, ing activities, the FEC declared that the such as party support for state legislative There is little doubt that state parties are Kansas Republicans could use their non- candidates. The federal account, however, more active than ever in election campaigns. federal fund to pay a reasonable estimate of must include itemized expenditures that po- Combined soft and hard money spending in the nonfederal share of cost. This ruling ef- tentially benefit a federal candidate, even if the state party federal accounts almost dou- fectively meant that the party could use a the spending also helps state and local can- bled between 1992 and 1996. Undoubtedly, nonfederal fund—which had no constraints didates as well. The FEC calls this ‘‘Joint’’ some of this spending is the product of mere on corporate or union contributions under spending. Party treasurers are required to ‘‘pass throughs,’’ the transfers from the na- Kansas law—to fund activities that bene- allocate hard and soft money for joint spend- tional to state parties to purchase issue ads fited, in part, federal candidates. A 1988 U.S. ing to reflect the federal-nonfederal split of and other services in support of federal can- District court order, pursued by reform ac- benefits to candidates. To limit the discre- didates. But as we demonstrate later, state tivists at Common Cause, required the FEC tion of treasurers—who have an incentive to parties have also increased spending on cam- to provide detailed allocation requirements claim that benefits accrue mostly to state paign activities that serve party building to prevent the parties from abusing their and local candidates so as to avoid using functions. new ability to use soft money in federal elec- hard money—the FEC promulgated rules de- Much of this growth in spending has been tions. Yet even with the promulgation of termining the proper mix of hard and soft spurred by additional use of soft money. In specific allocation requirements, the na- funds for a given kind of joint activity. For the 1996 presidential election the 100 state tional and state parties continued to seek example, administrative costs are allocated parties spent $178 million, almost triple the the advantages of permissive state campaign according to the ratio of federal candidates amount of soft money, spent in 1992. Simi- finance laws to raise and spend nonfederal to total candidates (state and federal) in the larly, between the 1994 and 1998 midterm funds to support their federal candidates state. We use the federal account data, with elections the parties doubled their use of soft through party-building activities. its matching hard and soft allocations, to de- money, spending a record $187 million. Hard Since raising unregulated soft money is termine how parties spend soft money. money expenditures have also risen but not easier than federal (hard) money, which has We believe the federal account provides us at the same rate. Since FEC rules require contribution limits, the national parties with the greater part of party expenditures. soft-hard matching for each campaign activ- pushed to expand the definition of party- The non-federal account, according to some ity, it is not surprising that hard money building so they could spend soft money on estimates, accounts for at least an addi- spending increases with soft money spend- more campaign activities. Perhaps the most tional 25 percent in soft money that state ing. It appears, however, that soft money brazen challenge to the 1974 reforms was parties spend exclusively to benefit state and pays for a larger portion of activities with when the Republican National Committee local candidates. State parties are compelled each passing election cycle. In 1998, for the argued successfully in 1995 that television by federal law to use federal accounts when- first time since 1992 when state parties were advertisements focusing on party themes, ever they perform some kind of generic party required to report soft money spending, they even when candidates are mentioned, should activity that might jointly benefit party spent more soft than hard money in their be considered party building and therefore candidates up and down the ticket. This re- federal accounts. payable with soft money. Once the FEC as- quirement ensures that every expense, from The apparent shift from hard to soft sented, the major parties crafted television routine office costs to voter identification money is not difficult to explain. Soft money ads, paid for largely with soft money, to help programs, shows up in the federal account. is easier to obtain since there are no limits specific federal candidates. During the 1996 The federal account also includes itemized on contributions to parties, except when presidential election, close observers of the expenditures on media that parties call state laws regulate party fundralsing. A campaigns estimated that $100 million was ‘‘issue advocacy.’’ It is precisely because par- party that wants to preserve its hard money spent on issue ads by the parties. ties claim that issue advocacy reflects party for candidate contributions and coordinated Although the FEC attempted to curtail the rather than candidate specific themes that expenditures in federal elections will pur- use of issue ads and other party activities they must report this activity as generic (or chase goods and services with soft money that crossed the line from party building to joint) in the federal account. whenever possible. Over the four most recent candidate support, they were blocked by a Our study looks at the federal reports sub- election cycles, the state parties have Supreme Court ruling, Buckley v. Valeo. In mitted to the FEC by the 100 state parties, learned how to match soft and hard money

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.046 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E271 expenditures to maximize the use of the stated earlier, there is anecdotal evidence, off Gramm, Buchanan and Forbes. Clinton, former. One indication that parties behave mostly from the news media, describing the in contrast, began using party soft money, as this way is that direct state party support use of soft money for issue ads. More system- well as primary campaign funds, to attack for federal candidates, mostly in the form of atic scholarly research demonstrates that in the GOP and promote his campaign themes coordinated expenditures increased from $5 key races soft money is invested in the for the general election. Dole and the Repub- million in 1996 to $18 million in 1998. We sus- ‘‘ground war’’ of campaigns, through con- licans could only retaliate with party soft pect state parties substituted soft for hard tacts with individual voters using direct money ads, given that the candidate would money when paying for many kinds of cam- mail and telephone banks. Party and cam- not receive additional public funds for the paign activities, thereby freeing up addi- paign finance scholars continue to speculate general election until after the convention. tional hard money for direct candidate sup- whether the infusion of soft money in the The late timing of FEC-released public funds port. last two decades has altered patterns of state leaves a good part of the summer in which An important question to ask is whether party activity. Advocates of stronger parties either candidate can harm the other through soft money reported in the federal accounts have argued that providing parties with priv- attack ads. The parties joined in the cam- of state parties is actually controlled by the ileged access to campaign resources would paign, in part, to bridge the period between national parties, whose primary interest is reverse the long decline of party organiza- the point at which a nominee effectively, but to elect candidates for federal office. To the tions. From their perspective, the introduc- not officially, wins the party nomination, extent that national party supports the state tion of soft money into the party system and the official start of the general election parties through transfers, we can make the provides an interesting test case for this the- season as determined by the end of the party inference that they have some control over ory. How will parties behave with this new conventions. state party expenditures. Table 1 (not sup- wealth generated by soft money? Will they The increasing use of soft money for issue plied) gives a sense of how much state par- spend additional increments to build the ads may also reflect the inadequacy of a pub- ties rely financially on the national parties. party through voter identification programs lic funding system for presidential cam- The national parties support a larger per- and grassroots activity? Or will soft money paigns that falls to keep pace with rising centage of state party budgets in 1996 and simply buttress candidate-centered cam- media costs. A standard thirty-second adver- 1998 than they did earlier, suggesting that paigns, with the parties serving as pass- tisement during prime time in a major they have more influence in state party af- throughs to pay for television ads promoting media market can cost in the range of $20,000 fairs than in earlier elections. Prior to 1996, individual nominees? to $30,000. Only fifteen years ago, the same national party transfers did not account for Our findings will hardly satisfy those who ad cost approximately half that amount. Al- more than 14% of the federal accounts of seek support for an opinion that soft money though presidential funding system adjusts state committees. In the 1996 and 1998 elec- is either good or bad for the party system. In for inflation, average media unit costs have tions, this portion grew to 42% and 31% re- fact, we find elements of what some would risen faster than the average for all other spectively. Table 1 also illustrates that state consider ‘‘bad’’ as well as ‘‘good’’ spending. goods and services. More importantly, ac- parties rely more heavily on national parties On the positive side, we observe that state cording to one study, campaign strategists for soft money than hard money. National organizations continue to use funds in ways parties provide just under a quarter of the rely increasingly on expensive media-related we traditionally expect of parties: to mobi- activities, especially television, which drive hard money that state parties end up spend- lize voters, provide grassroots paraphernalia ing, but 65% of the soft money they spent in up the cost of the entire campaign. like bumper stickers and lawn signs, and, of During midterm elections, spending on 1996 and 37% in 1998. It appears that soft course, for basic organizational maintenance money has become a primary means of intra- media decreases without the demands of a activities such as paying rent and salaries party support. State parties continue to national campaign. In the 1998 midterm, the (overhead) and fundraising. In short, soft raise the majority of funds on their own—in- amount spent on media related activities by money enables parties to spend additional deed, they raise more money independently state parties was cut more than half, to $30 than ever before—but they receive signifi- resources on party-building activities. million from two years earlier. But this The election in 1996, however, marked a cant support from the national parties. In amount was ten times as much as party dramatic shift toward greater spending on addition to party transfers, some journal- spending on similar activities in the 1994 media related activities. Whereas the state istic accounts report that state parties ben- midterm election. The lessons of using party efit from soft money contributors who are parties spent just 3 percent of their budgets soft money for issue ads in the 1996 presi- encouraged to donate to state parties by offi- on media activities in the 1992 presidential dential campaign had obviously been passed cials of the national party. election year, four years later this category on for congressional elections. According to Since national parties provide as much as absorbed more than one-third of their budg- a study sponsored by the Brennan Center, one-third of state party funds, we suspect ets. The shift is more striking in absolute party spending on issue ads—which includes that portions of soft money from the na- terms: media spending jumped from about $2 both state and national organizations— tional parties are targeted to achieve na- million to $65 million. The reasons for this amounted to $25.9 million. This spending ac- tional party goals, which may differ from the shift have been explained in many journal- counted for close to 45,000 ads, reflecting priorities of state organizations. These data istic accounts of the 1996 and 1998 campaigns. about 20 percent of all campaign advertising. demonstrate unequivocally that the direc- The increase in media spending in 1996 was a Our data demonstrate clearly that soft tion of resource flows between parties has re- result of campaign strategies pursued by the money was transferred to state parties to versed since the 1960s, when national parties parties and presidential candidates to satu- fund media-related activity that comprised had to solicit contributions from state affili- rate critical electoral markets with televised mostly issue ads. But assuming that every ates. Heard (1960) predicted such a change issue ads that benefited the candidates in all dollar transfer produced a dollar’s worth of would create opportunities for party integra- but name. Dick Morris, the key Clinton-Gore issue ads, the fact remains that state parties tion and growth, even as it augmented ten- campaign strategist, urged the DNC to begin spent little more than 55 percent of transfers sions among levels of party. televising issue ads in the summer and early on issue ads in 1996, and 43 percent on them To summarize, soft money spending by fall as a way to shore up a faltering Clinton in 1998. Where did the rest of the soft money state parties has risen each year since 1992, early in the election and undercut the pre- go? The answer is that parties used ‘‘excess’’ and outpaced hard money spending in 1998. sumptive GOP nominee, Bob Dole. The RNC, soft money to increase traditional party ac- FEC matching requirements will ensure that in support of the Dole-Kemp ticket, coun- tivities. In 1996, spending on voter mobiliza- soft money spending does not entirely tered with the same strategy right before tion almost doubled from the previous presi- eclipse hard money spending, but it appears and after the convention in July. Appar- dential election, rising from $8 million to $16 parties exploit allocation rules to spend soft ently, both national parties tried to take ad- million. Over the same period, spending on rather than hard money. We should note, vantage of the favorable soft-hard ratios grassroots activities increased sevenfold, however, that state parties raise and spend available to state parties by delegating re- from $1.2 to $8.3 million. increasing sums of hard money, funds that sponsibility for purchasing the ads to the These figures, of course, are small in com- meet all the requirements of the FECA. Hard latter. parison to allocations for media-related ac- money spending doubled between the 1992 Ironically, soft money spending on issue tivity. One reason is that the cost of bumper and 1996 elections and the state parties are ads might be an artifact of the sweeping re- stickers, or even telephone banks, is consid- responsible for raising three-fourths of this forms of 1974 that established a system of erably less than that of media-purchases in money themselves. The prospect of securing public financing for presidential candidates. metropolitan markets. At about ten cents soft money from the national parties may If a candidate accepts public funding, in the per bumper sticker, one million dollars will spur state parties to engage more effectively primary he faces limits on spending in each purchase 10 million bumper stickers. The in raising hard money, precisely because of state. A competitive race could cause can- same amount will provide about forty ads (30 the federal matching requirements. We also didates to bump up against these limits rath- seconds) on network TV in a major media find preliminary evidence that soft money er early in the primary season, especially market during prime time. spent on administrative chores frees hard given the trend toward front-loading of pri- Importantly, media spending did not crowd money for contributions and coordinated ex- maries, forcing them to curtail spending se- out spending on traditional party activities. penditures in support of federal candidates. verely during the weeks leading up to the The portions of the party budget spent on How do state political parties spend soft money? convention. Bob Dole, for example, faced sev- mobilization and grassroots did not change We now turn to a description of how state eral tough and well-funded challengers in substantially even when media spending parties use soft money in campaigns. As we 1996. He was forced to spend money fending soared. In the 1998 elections, Magleby (2000)

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.048 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E272 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 reports that the parties, particularly the contained a key Senate race and several reformers should also consider ways to en- Democrats, emphasized a ‘‘ground war’’ competitive House races. In Washington, sure that parties have access to sufficient re- strategy that involved lots of direct mail, there were at least five critical House elec- sources so they might continue occupying a telephone banks and other get-out-the-vote tions. Neither party was willing to concede central role in campaigns. activities. It appears, according to Table 2, California, the state with the most electoral An earlier set of reforms in 1974 had the ef- that parties used additional soft money in votes, as well as a good number of competi- fect of weakening party role in campaigns by 1998 to intensify mobilization efforts, spend- tive congressional races. In 1998, the parties institutionalizing PACs as legitimate con- ing nearly the same portion of their budget were more evenly matched on media spend- tributors to candidate campaigns. The num- on such activities as they did in 1992 and ing with much of it focused in New York, Ne- ber of PACs proliferated in the 1970s and 1994. vada and Kentucky, the states with highly early 1980s, providing candidates with an in- Additional soft money has also been used competitive Senate races. creasing share of their campaign funds. Can- didates became more reliant on PACs than to expand party headquarter operations. In CONCLUSION 1992, state parties spent $42 million on over- on their parties, which encouraged the can- We began with a question about how par- head, which include payments for salaries, didate-centered nature of campaigns. The ties spend soft money. We speculated that rent and other organizational maintenance ever-adaptable American parties exploited soft money was not simply a resource to costs. By 1998, this total had risen to $107 the campaign finance regulations to reestab- fund issue ads, but also a primary means to million. Certainly, we would want to know lish themselves. Soft money probably helped support party organizations and their tradi- the degree to which these rising expenses at restore the party role in campaigns, making tional campaign activities. Our finding is headquarters reflect sustained organiza- the candidates less reliant on direct support that parties use soft money in ways that tional growth or temporary surges in activ- from PACs. On the other hand, party leaders would strike many observers—including ity for the limited campaign season. An may now feel beholden to big soft money those favoring a ban on soft money—as posi- analysis of party budgets during the off-elec- contributors, a potential problem that tive. This preliminary study illustrates that tion year should resolve whether these costs should not be overlooked. If the soft money parties use soft money to invest in campaign reflect enduring investments in the party or- regime encourages interest groups to con- activities that promote party-building and ganization. At the very least, the rising tribute more frequently through the party citizen participation. If soft money permits costs associated with maintaining party leadership, then soft money may simply cen- the party to reach additional voters through headquarters suggests that state party orga- tralize the corrupt exchange among the most telephone calls and mail, or generate enthu- nizations are a locus of increased campaign powerful political actors. If this is true we siasm for political campaigns through rallies activity. should see greater party unity in congres- and yard signs, then perhaps we are short- sional voting than in the past, particularly Partisan differences? changing American campaigns by cutting off for issues that are important to the most To see if parties pursue different strategies this supply of money. The overemphasis in generous party patrons. with soft money we compare them for the the news and by public interest advocates on The type of party spending that concerns 1996 and 1998 elections. The parties appear to the media strategies of parties obscures the many campaign observers is issue advertise- spend similar amounts on all activities ex- fact that parties do many things with soft ments. In our view, party spending on issue cept for media, which accounts for much of money. ads is not bad, per se, especially if these ads the Democratic lead. In 1996 the Democratic Undoubtedly, parties also exploit soft link the candidate closer to party. Scholars state parties allocated about $48 million for money to fund issue ads through their state who desire responsible parties would argue media, three times as much as the Repub- organizations. Media-related spending by that party-sponsored messages create more licans. The gap for the 1998 midterm election state parties jumped from just $2 million in accountability by promoting themes that was not as great since neither party spent as 1992 to $65 million in 1996. The Democrats ap- unify party candidates around a platform. A much on media, but the Democratic state pear to take advantage of a state-sponsored recent study by Krasno and Seltz (2000) ap- parties continued to outspend the Repub- issue ad strategy more than the Republicans, pears to cast doubt on this theory since only licans at the state level by more than 6 mil- probably because they trail the Republicans 15 percent of the ads apparently mention the lion. We believe these partisan differences in raising hard money. Both parties, how- party in the text or graphics. On the other exist because the national Democrats, being ever, use most of their soft money to expand hand, these authors acknowledge that cookie the relatively poorer party, attempt to ex- party headquarter operations during the cutter issue ads featuring the same graphics ploit soft money for federal races more than campaign. Since 1992, they have more than and text are common. We believe these ge- Republicans. They do this by transferring doubled the amount spent contacting indi- neric ads encourage candidates to use simi- soft money to state parties where the spend- vidual voters through various voter identi- lar themes and symbols across districts and ing ratios for soft and hard money are high- fication and get-out-the-vote programs. In states, which would tend to promote party er, meaning that the state parties can use the last midterm election, just 16% of soft unity and accountability. The problem, then, more soft money than the national parties to money went toward issue ads, the same is not so much the issue ads themselves, but pay for the same activity. amount that was spent on direct mobiliza- how they are funded. The practice of using the state parties for tion and grassroots efforts. The fact that party money goes toward tel- national party goals probably comes at a Seeing that the lesser part of party soft evision advertising reflects the reality of cost. State parties might dun the national money goes toward issue ads, we feel com- campaigning in a mass democracy. Party parties for these services by requesting addi- pelled to re-examine the question: how is leaders and their consultants believe tele- tional transfers of soft money beyond the soft money harmful in elections? The obvi- vision advertising is critical to winning elec- costs of the services. At the very least, a ous answer is that soft money permits can- tions so they invest in this form of cam- transfer strategy imposes greater coordina- didates, contributors and parties to cir- paigning. By curtailing party resources, we tion costs on national parties, particularly cumvent federal laws limiting campaign con- doubt that party candidates will seek less of the Democrats, who appear to do this more tributions. If party soft money can help a this kind of campaign activity. In fact, re- often. National parties must monitor the specific candidate by using it to purchase a form laws that cause the depletion of party transferred funds to ensure state parties candidate-tailored advertisement, then cor- resources will likely eliminate ‘‘good’’ spend them properly. The national Repub- porations, unions or wealthy individuals can spending, such as direct voter contacts, rath- licans, with a significant advantage in hard simply funnel contributions to candidates er than ‘‘bad’’ spending, such as issue ads. money receipts, can more likely avoid this through the parties. The potential for the Parties will employ a triage strategy that problem by producing and purchasing media quid pro quo exchange between contributor emphasizes media advertising over direct services directly, even if they must pay with and policymaker escalates with the increas- voter contacts and grassroots. The first ac- additional hard money. We suspect that the ing size of contributions to the party. tivities to be shorn are those that support national committees of the Republican But assume for a moment that party long-term party building and encourage vol- Party outspend their Democratic counter- money is ‘‘clean.’’ Suppose party money is unteer participation, since these are not of parts on such campaign activities. generated through public subsidies, or raised critical interest to incumbents seeking re- The Democratic strategy of transferring from contributors in increments that are election. soft money to state parties for issue ads is small enough to prevent corrupt exchanges. We also suspect that the placement of clearly evident from Table 4, not supplied, Are the spending patterns of parties nec- party issue ads encourages electoral com- which lists states with the highest media-re- essarily harmful in American elections? In petition. The vast literature on campaign lated spending. In each of these states there this study, we observe that parties spend a contributions suggests that parties allocate was a close federal electoral contest. In 1996, significant portion of their cash to build the campaign resources more efficiently than in- Ohio was not only a key swing state for the party as intended by the 1979 amendments to terest groups, preferring to give money to Clinton re-election, but also included six the FECA. It is primarily through soft candidates in the closest races. Interest close congressional races. The Ohio Demo- money that parties have had access to re- groups tend to pursue a low risk strategy by cratic Party spent 10.5 million dollars on sources that permit them to engage in ac- giving directly to incumbents who face little media-related activities, almost triple the tivities that political scientists, for the most competition. Indeed, parties solve a collec- amount of any other state party. Michigan part, view as salutary for the electoral sys- tive action problem by moving resources to and Illinois were other key states during the tem. If the solution to the problem of corrup- where they are needed most, since incum- 1996 presidential campaign; the latter also tion is to ban soft money fund raising, then bents are often unwilling to transfer money

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.050 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E273 from their campaign accounts to colleagues Zionist Organization of America, kicked off taurant. The restaurant grew to include a full who may need it more. celebrations of their ninetieth anniversary. Mexican menu and earned regional acclaim. Campaign resources that flow through par- Throughout the past ninety years, Hadassah A great Mexican restaurant was not the only ties, therefore, will tend to promote com- petition more than if resources flow directly has provided invaluable service to a wealth of thing that Mr. Salazar gave his community. Sal into candidate committees, or when money communities and peoples. As America’s larg- worked for the Selma Justice Court, Fresno is spent independently by interest groups to est female organization, this Jewish collective County Superior Court, and California Su- promote the election of a favored candidate. has provided unprecedented assistance to in- preme Court in Sacramento as an interpreter. Using the Krasno and Seltz data for the 1998 dividuals in countless nations, regardless of He also sponsored 14 Mexican families who elections, we observe a similar pattern of re- race, religion or credo. Established in 1912 by relocated to California, provided leadership in source distribution in purchasing issue ads. Henrietta Szold, Hadassah has set an exam- the formation of a West Selma improvement Table 5 (not supplied) demonstrates that par- ties place almost 60 percent of their issue ads ple of peaceful relations and service both here district that led to its incorporation into the city, in competitive House elections, a greater and abroad. and helped his siblings with their education. percentage than either candidate commit- Founding the largest medical school in Sal also served on the Selma Chamber of tees or interest groups. For Senate elections, Israel, the women of Hadassah have united Commerce, Selma Planning Commission, which are much more competitive, 92 per- students from across the Middle East, building Selma High School Boosters Club, and Fresno cent of party issue ads appear in competitive bridges through education and service and es- County Grand Jury. In 1945, he served as an elections, whereas 74 percent all candidate- tablishing friendships—all because they under- alternate on the interpreter staff at the first sponsored ads appear in competitive elec- tions. Interest groups provided less than one stand that this important work will provide a meeting of the United Nations in San Fran- percent of ads in the 1998 Senate election, foundation for new forms of unity in the future. cisco. but all of these ads were placed in competi- Since its inception, Hadassah members Mr. Speaker, I rise today to honor the mem- tive campaigns. The relatively low participa- have worked tirelessly to aid both their local ory of Sal Salazar as his family accepts the tion of interest groups in Senate campaigns and international communities. The Hadassah California Restaurant Association’s Lifetime is probably because media costs are prohibi- Medical Organization consistently stands on Achievement Award on his behalf. I invite my tively high except for the wealthiest organi- the cutting edge of technology, assisting re- colleagues to join me in remembering Mr. zations. Candidate-controlled advertising continues gional patients as well as American troops, Salazar for his community service and entre- to dominate the airwaves, but interest heads of state and Congressional delegations. preneurial spirit and wishing his family and groups and parties are more active than Their reach extends throughout the world, restaurants many more years of continued ever. The only institutional counterweight building and staffing new hospitals in Zaire success. to outside spending by interest groups is the and training African and Asian doctors to work f parties. As long as the courts prevent the in developing nations. Their dedication to FEC from regulating issue ads through American relief work was demonstrated by the TRIBUTE TO MARTY MARSHALL, Buckley v. Valeo, there is a danger from uni- medical aid and blood banks provided in the PRESIDENT OF CALIFORNIA laterally disarming the parties by a ban on aftermath of the Pearl Harbor attacks. SCHOOL FOOD SERVICE ASSOCIA- soft money. Candidates risk losing control of TION their campaigns in some very competitive Today, Hadassah continues their work districts. Fearful of being hit by outside through medical and civic education, setting spending of interest groups, candidates will an example of excellence for their humani- HON. ELLEN O. TAUSCHER no doubt enlist the support of groups favor- tarian efforts. A leader in community support OF CALIFORNIA able to them. Indeed, there is sufficient evi- programs, Hadassah has invested consider- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dence in the 2000 elections that this is al- able time to providing information to female Tuesday, March 5, 2002 ready occurring. The groups most able to citizenries. The organization formed youth produce campaign ads for candidates will Mrs. TAUSCHER. Mr. Speaker, Marty Mar- likely be the wealthiest, skewing the can- counseling groups and female career training in the Middle East, while creating the Hadas- shall is President of the California School didates’ obligations toward such groups even Food Service Association, with over 2,500 more. sah Cares programs to champion efforts to We conclude with a policy recommenda- raise breast cancer awareness in the United members, Director of Nutrition Services for tion that parties retain access to sufficient States. Fremont Unified School District, with over campaign resources to continue the activi- Mr. Speaker, as our nations continue to 32,000 students, wife, mother, grandmother, ties they have pursued with soft money. Our work to establish a peaceful, just international and community volunteer. Her life has been, a findings suggest that soft funds encourage continues to be, devoted to service to others. party-building and party integration, much community, it is my honor to commemorate the ninetieth anniversary of an organization Whether to family, co-workers, friends, or fel- as Congress desired when it passed amend- low professional association members, Marty ments to the campaign finance laws in 1979. that has demonstrated these qualities in the To reduce the potential for corruption, we work they do every day. finds giving of her heart, energy and time to he her greatest pleasure. recommend that Congress place a cap on soft f money contributions or raise the limits on As President of the California School Food hard money contributions. On the other HONORING SAL SALAZAR Service Association, Marty Marshall has hand, we believe the distinction between soft worked tirelessly to revitalize the Association and hard money is still valuable. Soft money by conducting strategic planning sessions, and provides an incentive for national parties to HON. GEORGE RADANOVICH OF CALIFORNIA accomplishing the resulting strategic goals in transfer funds to state and local parties, the areas of organizational structure, internal where campaign activities have increased IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and external communication, membership, substantially. We believe the likelihood of Tuesday, March 5, 2002 grassroots work is enhanced at lower levels professional image, leadership development, of party, which afford more participation op- Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise and legislative activity. With her inclusive style portunities for amateurs and volunteers. The today to honor the late Sal Salazar on the oc- of leadership, she has brought together mem- national parties may be more reluctant to casion of the California Restaurant Association bers of all levels including site staff, manage- transfer hard money to state parties for commemorating his life with the Lifetime ment, and industry to come to consensus on party building when they can use this money Achievement Award. Mr. Salazar began his re- the goals as well as the necessary steps to themselves for direct candidate support and markable career in the restaurant in 1942 and achieve them. The membership has ex- issue ads. his family continues the business holding fast pressed enthusiastic appreciation for bringing f to Sal’s values and traditional recipes. This back some of the traditions and structure that COMMEMORATION OF THE 90TH award is the Association’s highest honor and had been lost over the past few years. In addi- ANNIVERSARY OF HADASSAH marks the 60th anniversary of Sal’s Mexican tion to her current position as President of Restaurant and pays tribute to a successful CSFSA, Marty has served as President Elect, HON. DAVID E. BONIOR entrepreneur, respected community leader, Chair of the Professional Development, and beloved husband and father. Awards and Scholarships, and Rules and Res- OF MICHIGAN Mr. Salazar was born in Herez, Zacatecas, olutions Committees, Conference Program IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mexico, and came with his parents to Selma, Chair, Conference Exhibits Chair, and Presi- Tuesday, March 5, 2002 California, in the late 1920’s. Sal worked as a dent of the Josephine P. Morris and Northern Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, last week, thou- farm laborer until he followed an impulse and California Chapter. She is also currently the sands of members of Hadassah, the Women’s on August 22, 1942 opened his own taco res- Executive Committee Advisor to the Public

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.052 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E274 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 Policy and Legislative, and Conference Com- rector of Nutrition Services. She works hard to Suzanne Mubarak’s commitment to edu- mittees. combine nutritional integrity with sound busi- cation is consistent with these worthy goals. Marty’s theme for her Presidency, ‘‘Nutrition ness practices, and has earned a USDA Rec- This was acknowledged in the citation of rec- and Learning, Hand in Hand,’’ depicts her ognition Award each time her program has ognizing her contributions: commitment to children’s nutrition education, been audited. She is committed to the children ‘‘For seven millennia, the world has learned and the positive effect good nutrition has on a and is known for running her program with the from Egypt. And, even today, we are learning child’s learning ability. This has been a timely highest of ethics and standards. much for your work about the impact that early theme because of current interest amongst Marty is a member of Candle Lighters, a education has on a child’s ability to cope with California families, schools, and Legislators in Fremont organization that builds and operates his or her environment. You have taught us children’s nutrition issues. Marty testified nu- a ghost house each year and donates the pro- that education must encompass all of life’s merous times during the 2001–2002 session ceeds to local charities. She has chaired the issues and should enhance the ability of peo- in both Senate and Assembly Committee Caramel Apple booth and the scheduling of ple to interact in society. By your leadership hearings regarding nutrition and training re- students to work in the house. Over you have demonstrated the overwhelming im- lated legislation. Her testimony contributed $1,500,000 has be returned to the community portance of the education of girls. You have strongly to reaching compromise on SB 19, over the past 25 years through the efforts of set a new standard for respect and gender the Pupil Health, Nutrition, and Achievement this organization. Marty’s husband Steve, and equality that will make Egypt and our world Act of 2001, signed into law by the Governor, her two children, Chris, 26 and Nicky, 23, par- safer and more secure for all.’’ and authored by Senator Escutia. ticipate with her in many of her volunteer ac- Mr. Speaker, I invite my colleagues in the Marty Marshall was born Martha Elizabeth tivities. Congress to join me in paying tribute to Mrs. Suzanne Mubarak for her contribution to inter- Knecht in Berkeley, California on August 21, f 1946. She grew up in Walnut Creek, where national understanding and in honoring her on she attended Parkmead Elementary School HONORING SUZANNE MUBARAK, receiving the Stephen P. Duggan Award. and Del Valle High School, participating in FIRST LADY OF EGYPT FOR WIN- f NING THE STEPHEN P. DUGGAN service and leadership activities in both. In El- HONORING HADASSAH ementary School she was active in Brownies, AWARD FOR INTERNATIONAL Girl Scouts, Job’s Daughters and St. Paul’s UNDERSTANDING Episcopal Church, and took lessons in flute, HON. PETER DEUTSCH piano, and ballet. She was a member of the OF FLORIDA HON. TOM LANTOS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Student Council, and gave the commence- OF CALIFORNIA ment speech at her eighth grade graduation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, March 5, 2002 ceremony. Attending a new high school, as a Tuesday, March 5, 2002 Mr. DEUTSCH. Mr. Speaker, I rise tody to member of the second graduating class, Marty congratulate Hadassah, the Women’s Zionist was in the Leadership Class and on the Stu- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I invite my col- Organization of America, on its 90th Anniver- dent Council all four years, and was a cheer leagues to join me in paying tribute to Mrs. sary. Since its beginning, Hadassah has con- leader for three years, the last of which she Suzanne Mubarak, the wife of Egyptian Presi- tributed to worthy charities around the world was elected as Head Cheer Leader. She was dent Hosni Mubarak, upon her receipt of the both financially and through volunteer work. a member of the Latin and French Clubs, tu- Stephen P. Duggan Award for International Hadassah’s tireless efforts have aided in the tored special education students, earned a life Understanding on Monday evening of this creation of access to quality health care membership in the California Scholarship Fed- week. The award, presented by the Institute of throughout the Middle East, and Hadassah eration, and was selected as Del Valle High International Education and named after the has always strived for the equal treatment of School’s ‘‘Most Outstanding Citizen’’ by the organization’s first president, is awarded to women in the United States and Israel. school staff. distinguished world leaders in the fields of Today, Hadassah, with over 300,000 active After graduating from High School, Marty government, education, business and diplo- members organized throughout the United Marshall attended the University of California macy in recognition of their commitment to States, has continued its rich tradition of vol- at Berkeley, where she majored in Dietetics. It educational exchange and appreciation of unteerism by enacting programs to fight breast is here where she met Marilyn Briggs, current other peoples and cultures. cancer and other health related issues affect- Assistant Superintendent of Public Instruction Mrs. Mubarak is indeed a worthy recipient of ing women. Hadassah has also sponsored nu- for the California Department of Education Di- this honor. She is a sociologist, having re- merous programs to increase the quality of the rector of the Nutrition Services Division, who ceived both her bachelors and masters de- educational system in the United States. has become a lifelong friend and mentor in the grees from the American University in Cairo, While Hadassah’s interests are primarily area of child nutrition. Marty continued tutoring and she has devoted her efforts to education education and women’s rights, this group has special education students through her college at all levels. In particular, she has supported been active in educating its membership on a years, and volunteered in a local convalescent the television program Alam Simsim, the variety of public policy issues and encouraging hospital, reading to residents and participating Egyptian production of the popular U.S. chil- civic participation. In a time of increased vio- in holiday events. She joined the Alpha Phi dren’s series of the Children’s Television lence in the Middle East, Hadassah has also sorority, which focuses nationally on activities Workshop, Sesame Street. When this excel- remained a staunch advocate of peace and to support heart health, and participated annu- lent Egyptian production began its third year in tolerance between Arabs and Jews. ally in their fundraising drive. October 2001, Suzanne Mubarak participated Mr. Speaker, Hadassah has worked since Before working at Fremont Unified School in the opening. As in the American model, its inception in 1912 to create a higher quality District, Marty worked for two years as an As- Alam Simsim helps to build literacy, number of education and equal rights for women in the sistant Dietitian for a chain of convalescent skills, education of young girls, and tolerance United States and the Middle East. It is my hospitals. She also worked for six years as the and understanding. sincere belief that as Hadassah continues into Food Service Instructor for a Federal Training Mr. Speaker, Mrs. Mubarak’s commitment to the Millennium and to it’s own hundredth birth- Grant Project where she trained functionally education, particularly of young women, is day, it will continue to fight for women against retarded and legally blind clients to work in most worthy of recognition, and I am delighted disease, violence, and injustice. commercial food service. Here, she developed that the Institute of International Education f an Independent Living Skills program for her (IIE) has made the decision to honor her for RESCUE THE UNINSURED FROM clients, most of who had recently been re- her life’s work. The Institute was founded in SEA OF UNCERTAINTY leased from a state hospital that had closed. 1919 by two Nobel Laureates, Elihu Root and She also developed a prescreening program Nicholas Murray Butler. The purpose of the In- stitute, in the words of its Chairman Henry HON. BENJAMIN L. CARDIN for the Business Enterprise Program for the OF MARYLAND Kaufman and its President Allan Goodman, is Blind, to help ensure the success of her cli- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ents when they entered this business food to ‘‘replace ignorance of other cultures and service training program. Marty still stays in peoples with knowledge and understanding.’’ Tuesday, March 5, 2002 touch with two of her clients from this Federal To this end, the IIE has fostered and sup- Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker, the growing epi- Training Project after 30 years. ported study in the United States by foreign demic of the uninsured threatens both the so- Marty has worked at Fremont Unified students and study abroad by American stu- cial fabric and the economic stability of our na- School District for over twenty years as the Di- dents. tion. If Congress fails to act, soon millions

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.055 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E275 more Americans will be denied their basic The heart or cancer patient, treated early PERSONAL EXPLANATION right to health care. The Catholic Health Asso- and with our best tools, can be offered a ciation represents facilities across this country much different prospect than the critical ´ care patient who arrives without benefit of HON. RUBEN HINOJOSA that provide a safety net for uninsured and early therapy. OF TEXAS underinsured citizens in need of medical care. During this congressional legislative ses- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Led by the Reverend Michael D. Place, its sion, it is increasingly important that we Tuesday, March 5, 2002 president and chief executive officer, CHA is tackle the health care needs of our nation’s working actively to increase awareness of this uninsured. When Congress failed to adopt an Mr. HINOJOSA. Mr. Speaker, I regret that I crisis. I urge all my colleagues to heed their economic stimulus package in February, the had to travel to my Congressional District for timely call to action. growing numbers of the recently unemployed an important event on February 28, 2002. Had and uninsured were dealt a dose of legisla- [From the Baltimore Sun, Feb. 19, 2002] I been present, I would have voted ‘‘yes’’ on tive paralysis. rollcall 46. RESCUE THE UNINSURED FROM SEA OF Added to the diminishing set-asides for the UNCERTAINTY f ‘‘permanent’’ uninsured, the health care out- (By Michael D. Place) look for our nation’s poor, uninsured, and HONORING ABRAHAM FROST WASHINGTON.—In Manchester, N.H., a 6- under-served population is truly bleak. year-old girl arrives at Catholic Medical We must and can do better. Center unable to eat for several days because HON. PETER DEUTSCH American society must ensure that each of medical complications from dental pain. OF FLORIDA person has access to affordable health care. Why the wait? The little girl’s family did IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES not have health insurance. At a crossroads moment, let us engage in a This child, and so many others across the new national conversation on systemic Tuesday, March 5, 2002 country, represent the crisis of vulnerability health care reform, a dialogue from Main Mr. DEUTSCH. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to Street to Pennsylvania Avenue. endured by 38 million Americans without honor the memory of Abraham Frost, who It is time for our nation’s public and pri- any health insurance. came to this country from Poland in 1912. Mr. While the girl in Manchester was fortunate vate leadership, health care providers and enough to live in proximity to a Catholic faith-based groups to come together and to Frost was an individual who was constantly in health facility with high quality emergency join all Americans in a search for real and awe of everything he saw in the United States. care, there are 22 million Americans who live meaningful solutions to this health care For his entire life, he had a deep appreciation in rural areas that the federal government challenge. for the opportunities this great nation provided calls ‘‘health profession shortage areas.’’ to him, and truly enjoyed his work and time Many of these citizens are without health f spent raising his family. Mr. Frost marveled at insurance and without access to medical care the development of modern conveniences of any kind. They are at the apex of this CONGRATULATING REVEREND such as automobiles and airplanes. He was health care crisis of vulnerability. As we struggle to cope with burgeoning BOBBY RAY MORRIS truly captivated with the possibility of realizing numbers of uninsured across the country, the American Dream. Abraham Frost died in rural areas highlight a disturbing trend of 1976 in Miami Beach, Florida. funding ‘‘drift’’—a drift away from sub- HON. SAM GRAVES Mr. Speaker, the accomplishments of Abra- sidized health care coverage for the poor, the OF MISSOURI ham Frost are a testament to his dedication unemployed and the disabled. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and his passion for life. He leaves a lasting Rural hospitals were hit hard by the Bal- legacy for both his family and friends. anced Budget Act of 1997. It has been esti- Tuesday, March 5, 2002 mated that of the $118 billion that the law f Mr. GRAVES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to directed to be cut over five years, $16.8 bil- HUNTING MADE EASY lion was cut from Medicare funds intended congratulate Reverend Bobby Ray Morris of for rural areas. Legislation in the past two Lawson, Missouri. Reverend Morris has been years has restored only about $3.8 billion of the pastor of the Lawson Assembly of God HON. SAM FARR this money. Church for the past 42 years, providing spir- OF CALIFORNIA For skeptics who believe that rural health IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES care may not be as vital as has been re- itual leadership to generations of Missourians. ported, a quick look at a sample state’s mor- In addition to caring for his congregation, Tuesday, March 5, 2002 tality statistics may be convincing. Reverend Morris is a positive influence on the Mr. FARR of California. Mr. Speaker, I en- In Illinois, rural death rates from all community of Lawson. During his distin- courage you to read the Time Magazine article causes from 1992 to 1996 were 1,106.7 deaths guished tenure, 25 individuals became pas- entitled ‘‘Hunting Made Easy’’ which describes for every 100,000 people. This figure compares tors, youth leaders, and missionaries. The with 853.8 deaths in Illinois’ urban areas. the ‘‘slaughter’’ of ‘‘captive animals to mount Sadly, the rural patient base tends to be dedication and guidance of Reverend Morris their heads on a wall.’’ older, poorer and less medically privileged. enabled these individuals to answer their calls It is a very disturbing article which also For such patients, the small rural hospital is to the ministry. raises the question, ‘‘Should Congress step indeed a lifeline in need of preservation. This well-loved and respected man of God in?’’ The answer is a resounding yes. You can Whether in rural or urban areas, our cities is retiring on March 16. Although the Rev- step in by cosponsoring H.R. 3464, the ‘‘Cap- have no shortage of uninsured and desperate erend will relinquish his role as leader of the families. In Des Moines, Iowa, a single tive Exotic Animal Protection Act of 2001’’, a Catholic hospital—Mercy Medical Center— Lawson Assembly of God Church, he will re- bill to combat the unfair and inhumane prac- operates a free clinic through its House of main a spiritual leader in the community and tice of ‘‘canned hunting.’’ Even hunters are ob- Mercy program. More than 600 people a continue to guide and inspire future genera- jecting to this gruesome practice. month come in without insurance, many tions. Please join me in honoring Reverend HUNTING MADE EASY with acute illness. Bobby Ray Morris for his life of service to the (By Jeffrey Kluger) In the South Bronx, the Dominican Sisters community of Lawson. Family Health Services is a safety net pro- The exotic Corsican ram trotting about the vider in what has been designated the na- 100-yard-long pen in central Pennsylvania tion’s poorest congressional district. Hos- f paid little mind to the men approaching across the field. People were always walking pital admission rates in that community for PERSONAL EXPLANATION children with asthma and pneumonia—condi- in and out of the pen, as often as not with tions that can be prevented with adequate food for the flock. So the ram didn’t resist primary care—are five to seven times the HON. HILDA L. SOLIS when the men drove all the animals toward rates in more affluent areas of New York one end of the enclosure. It was only when City. OF CALIFORNIA the first arrow—fired from just yards away— Emergency access to basic health care is a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES struck it in the haunch that it realized stopgap. The emergency room or free clinic something was up. The ram hobbled off and is not a substitute for health insurance cov- Tuesday, March 5, 2002 was struck by a second arrow, then a third. erage for access to the same health-care It stood for a moment staring beyond the services enjoyed by the more privileged in Ms. SOLIS. Mr. Speaker, during rollcall vote fence line and then settled onto its our society. number 46 on H. Con. Res. 305 I was un- haunches, bleeding. A gunshot to the abdo- And such access is critical not only to en- avoidably detained. Had I been present, I men finished it off—preserving its head as a suring quality of life but also term of life. would have voted ‘‘yes’’. trophy.

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.057 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E276 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 It has never been easy being an animal at Still, not all hunts on preserves provoke an working together to solve problems, break the business end of a hunt, but these days outcry. Many ranch owners keep exotic ani- down barriers and mistrust, and avoid the cul- it’s hard being the hunter too. Dwindling mals out of their collections or conduct tural misunderstandings that have plagued ranges and herds make the ancient business hunts on grounds that give prey a sporting their parents’ generation. My hope is that the of stalking prey an increasingly difficult chance. The Selah Ranch in Austin, Texas, is proposition. The answer for many Americans a 5,500-acre spread covered by Spanish dagger program this bill would establish can be part of is to shift their shooting grounds from the and prickly pear, often with no sign of the a solution that will prevent another September wild to one of the country’s growing number elusive animals that live there. ‘‘There are a 11 from ever happening again. of hunting preserves. lot of exotic animals on this place that die of The bill would establish a program in the By almost any measure, hunting preserves old age,’’ says Mike Gardner, owner of San State Department for youth from regions of are enjoying a boom. Up to 2,000 may exist in Miguel Hunting Ranches, which runs Selah. conflict around the world. The program would the U.S., with 500 in Texas alone. Many ad- Here too, however, the odds can be stacked provide for visits in the United States of 90 vertise on the Internet and in hunting maga- in the hunters’ favor. Deer are often lured to zines, and all offer the same thing: the days or less for training in conflict resolution feeding stations, where they are serenely un- and mutual understanding. Non-profit organi- chance to bag a trophy, with none of the un- aware of the men in the stilt-mounted tin certainty of hunting in the wild. ‘‘No kill, no shack 75 yards away. Such lying in wait—or zations and other organizations as determined pay’’ is the promise many make. ‘‘shooting over bait’’—is legal in Texas and by the Secretary of State would provide train- Of course, making good on that guarantee defended by hunters. ‘‘It promotes a clean ing, with the State Department working in con- requires bending the prey-and-predator rules. kill,’’ says Gardner. Other sportsmen are junction with the Attorney General to establish Animals at some preserves are so accus- troubled by the practice. Stan Rauch of the criteria for eligibility. tomed to humans that they wander into Montana Bowhunters Association believes With this program, Americans would have range at the sound of a rattling feed bucket. that fed animals are tame animals and Elsewhere they’re confined to small patches another opportunity to respond to President should thus be off limits. ‘‘Animals become of woods where they can’t elude hunters for Bush’s call for national and community serv- habituated to people when they depend on us long. At others they may never even make it ice. I believe that groups like Seeds of Peace for food,’’ he says. out of their cages before being shot. Even preserves with no baited killings and and Outward Bound, where I was an educator Most troubling, it’s not just prolific-as- lots of room to roam may be less of a square and director in Colorado for 20 years, could be rabbits deer and other common prey that are deal than they seem. ‘‘If a ranch advertises vehicles for developing leaders of tomorrow being killed in such canned hunts, as they’re sometimes called; it’s rarer creatures too. itself as having 3,500 acres, you need to know and stewards of peace. All manner of exotics—including the Arabian if that space is open or broken down into At the Colorado Outward Bound School, I oryx, the Nubian ibex, yaks, impalas and pens and whether there’s protective cover or saw first-hand how young people developed even the odd rhino, zebra or tiger—are being the ground is clear,’’ says Richard Farinato, strong character and leadership skills by work- conscripted into the canned-hunt game and director of the Humane Society’s captive- ing in the outdoors. Our young people are our offered to sportsmen for ‘‘trophy fees’’ of up wildlife protection program. Concerns such as these are promoting gov- greatest resource and our future. Building to $20,000. peace requires an investment in new genera- Not surprisingly, these hunts have their ernments to act. More states are being critics. A handful of states ban or restrict pressed to ban or restrict hunting in enclo- tions of young people around the world. In the practice, and a pair of bills are pending sures. The House bill, which parallels one in- light of the violence and turmoil in the Middle in the U.S. Senate and House of Representa- troduced in the Senate by Delaware’s Joseph East and the September 11 attacks, it is clear tives to prohibit the interstate sale of exotic Biden, would not drop the hammer on the that this modest investment has never been animals for hunts. Supporters of the hunts hunts but would give Washington a way to so timely or needed more urgently. object, arguing that exotics are bred in suffi- control the animal traffic. I look forward to working with my colleagues cient numbers to support the industry and But the new laws could come at a price. In Texas alone, the hunt industry brings in $1 in the House to move forward with this impor- that many surplus zoo animals could not sur- tant initiative, and I am attaching a fact sheet vive in the wild anyway. Even to some out- billion a year; a crackdown could hurt both doorsmen, however, canned hunts are begin- good ranches and bad. ‘‘Cattle prices have on this bill. ning to look like no hunt at all. ‘‘I started stayed the same for 40 years,’’ says Gardner. f ‘‘To hold on to acreage, you’ve got to have hunting when I was 7 and didn’t kill my first A TRIBUTE TO JODI J. SCHWARTZ deer until I was 16,’’ says Perry Arnold, 52, of other sources of income.’’ Safari Club Inter- Lake City, Fla. ‘‘What they got going on national is worried that since hunting areas now, that ain’t hunting. That’s a slaughter.’’ are so different, it may be impossible to pass HON. NITA M. LOWEY A slaughter is precisely the way canned- a law that covers them all. ‘‘There’s no OF NEW YORK hunt foes frame the practice, and the killing standard to say what is and what isn’t fair,’’ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the Corsican ram is not the only horror says club spokesman Jim Brown. ‘‘You know they point to. The Humane Society of the it when you see it.’’ Tuesday, March 5, 2002 United States tells stories of its own: the But there may be a deeper standard than Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in tribute declawed black leopard that was released that. If the hunting impulse is as old as hu- to Jodi J. Schwartz, who will be honored on from a crate, chased by dogs and shot as it manity, so is the sense of what it truly Thursday, March 14, by Kolot: The Center for hid under a truck; the domesticated tiger means to chase and bag an animal. Nature that lounged under a tree and watched a may have intended humans to hunt, but Jewish Women’s and Gender Studies. Jodi’s hunter approach, only to be shot as it sat. whether it meant to toss ranches, pens and kindness and generosity have made her a ‘‘Canned hunts are an embarrassment,’’ says feeding stations into the mix is a question dear friend. Her extraordinary ability, inex- California Representative Sam Farr, sponsor hunters must ask themselves. haustible devotion, and charismatic personality of the House bill. f have made her a leader in the Jewish commu- What makes the problem hard to police is nity. the sheer number of exotic animals for sale. YOUNG PEACEBUILDERS ACT OF A partner at Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen and There are about 2,500 licensed animal exhibi- 2002 tors in the U.S., and only 200 of them belong Katz, Jodi still finds time to serve in a leader- to the American Zoo and Aquarium Associa- ship capacity for a host of diverse community tion, which condemns the sale of exotics to HON. MARK UDALL organizations, including the Jewish Agency for hunting ranches. Even unaffiliated zoos OF COLORADO Israel; American Jewish Joint Distribution might be reluctant to wade into the canned- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Committee; the Commission on the Jewish hunt market, but many do so unknowingly, People, a New York UJA-Federation group selling overflow animals—often products of Tuesday, March 5, 2002 dealing with the unity and diversity of the Jew- too successful captive-breeding programs—to Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, today ish people; Israel Policy Forum; United Jewish middlemen, who pass them into less legiti- mate hands. The crowding that can result on I am introducing the Young Peacebuilders Act Communities; Jewish Board of Family and the ranches leads to animals’ being killed of 2002, a bill intended to help young people Children’s Services; Jewish Community Rela- not just by hunters but also by diseases that from regions of conflict around the world learn tions Council; and the Jewish Council for Pub- occur in dense populations. about conflict resolution, communication, and lic Affairs. If zoos have trouble keeping track of exotic leadership. The legislation aims to get at one Jodi’s appreciation for Jewish causes sur- animals, Washington doesn’t even try. The of the root causes of terrorism by enabling faced while first visiting Israel in the late U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service can intervene young people to interact with each other and 1980’s with the Young Leadership Cabinet of only if animals are federally protected or if the hunt violates a state law and interstate gain a greater understanding of their cultures the United Jewish Appeal. During her fellow- commerce is involved. Since many cases and their differences. ship at the Wexner Heritage Foundation in don’t meet those criteria, the animals are es- The goal of the Young Peacebuilders Act is 1990–91, she gained a more robust apprecia- sentially orphaned by the feds. to help international youth learn the value of tion for Jewish philosophy and principles. Jodi

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.062 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E277 was later asked to take over as the United spirit will always live on in all those whose Alice Shalvi has called Israel home for more Jewish Appeal representative for annual giving lives he touched. than 50 years. Born in Germany and educated at Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen and Katz, and has f in England, she moved to Israel in 1949. The since returned to Israel more than 50 times. following year Mrs. Shalvi became Professor Jodi received her Bachelor’s degree, MBA, CLUB 20 STARTING SECOND HALF- of English Literature at the Hebrew University, and law degree from the University of Penn- CENTURY a post she held for 40 years. During her re- sylvania and her Master’s of Law in Taxation markable tenure, she established the English from New York University. She resides in New HON. MARK UDALL Department at Ben Gurion University of the York with her husband, Steven F. Richman. OF COLORADO Negev (1969–1973) and also served as head Jodi’s contributions to New York and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the Institute of Languages and Literature at Jewish community are immeasurable. It is my Tuesday, March 5, 2002 Hebrew University (1973–1976). pleasure and privilege to congratulate my dear Her devotion to the betterment of Israeli friend, Jodi J. Schwartz. Kolot could not have Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, I rise women’s lives led her to a voluntary role as chosen a more worthy honoree. today to recognize Club 20 as it starts its sec- Principal of Pelech Experimental High School f ond half-century as a forum and advocate for for Religious Girls in Jerusalem, a school dedi- Colorado’s majestic western slope region. cated to ensuring equal opportunities for A TRIBUTE TO THE LIFE AND Founded in 1953 by the publisher of the women in Torah study and in every aspect of ACHIEVEMENTS OF JAMES H. Grand Junction Daily Sentinel and a number civil society. She was also the founding Chair MCKENZIE of business leaders, Club 20 took its name of the Israel Women’s Network, the country’s from the 20 counties from which its original major advocacy organization on women’s HON. MIKE ROSS membership came. Now it includes 22 coun- rights, and today serves as its honorary Presi- OF ARKANSAS ties, 75 incorporated cities and towns, the dent. In 1996, Mrs. Shalvi was appointed rec- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Southern Ute and Ute Mountain Ute Indian tor of the Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies Tribes, 40 chambers of commerce, a number Tuesday, March 5, 2002 where she later served as President and as of special districts, and hundreds of busi- Chair of the Executive Committee. Mr. ROSS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay nesses and individuals. Mrs. Shalvi lives in Jerusalem with her hus- tribute to a close personal friend and a distin- In its 50 years of service, Club 20 has been band, Moshe Shalvi. They have six children, guished Arkansan who last week lost a coura- an active participant in lively debates about and are blessed with grandchildren. geous four and a half year battle with cancer. issues important to the economic vitality and I am proud to congratulate Alice Shalvi on His name was James H. McKenzie. quality of life in the communities of the west- her tremendous accomplishments. She has Jim McKenzie was born in my hometown of ern slope. From transportation, health care devoted her life to enriching the lives of Prescott, Arkansas, in 1941. After graduating and other social services to the whole range women in Israel, and we are the better for her from Prescott High School, he attended the of issues related to federal lands—which make efforts. University of Arkansas and was a member of up a large share of this region—Club 20 has Arkansas Razorback baseball team and the been an effective advocate for its members. It f Student Senate and president of Sigma Alpha has worked to identify issues of concern, in- Epsilon fraternity. He then went on to get his form its members about them, develop as A NATIONAL TREASURE law degree from the University of Arkansas great a degree of consensus as possible re- School of Law and served two years on active garding ways to address those issues, and, HON. MIKE ROSS duty as a Captain in the U.S. Army. most importantly, communicate to elected offi- OF ARKANSAS Upon his discharge from active duty, Jim re- cials and others to make sure the voice of its IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES turned to Prescott to practice law. As an attor- members are heard on important policy mat- Tuesday, March 5, 2002 ney, he quickly earned the respect of the legal ters. community and became a leader in the Arkan- As part of its work, Club 20 members make Mr. ROSS. Mr. Speaker, I wish to honor and sas Bar Association, serving in many capac- an annual visit to the nation’s capital to meet congratulate a good friend and constituent on ities including president. He fulfilled appoint- with Members of Congress and their staffs a well-deserved recognition for his unique and ments to several committees of the Arkansas and officials of the Executive Branch. These exemplary commitment to preserving our na- Supreme Court and, in 1998, was named out- trips help inform people in Washington about tion’s architectural and cultural heritage. standing lawyer by the Arkansas Bar. the issues affecting western Colorado and the For over 30 years, Parker Westbrook has In our hometown of Prescott, to say that Jim views of its citizens. They help us better un- dedicated himself to promoting the preserva- was a respected and notable citizen would be derstand how issues are affecting western tion and rehabilitation of countless buildings, an understatement. He was a pillar in our Coloradans—people who are directly affected parks, museums and monuments throughout community. Jim served as president or chair- by federal decisions on public lands, agri- the nation. In Arkansas, he is affectionately man of the local Chamber of Commerce, the culture, transportation, rural social services, and aptly known as ‘‘Mr. Preservation.’’ An ac- hospital board, and the Kiwanis Club. He was and water as well as other issues. These di- tive member of many states and local preser- a lifelong, active member of the First United rect contacts put a human face on the issues vation foundations, commissions, and coun- Methodist Church, where he was my Sunday and are very valuable for all of us who work cils, Parker’s efforts can be observed in nu- school teacher. He was also a youth sponsor on these matters. merous places throughout the state, perhaps in the church, and he even coached Little I ask all our colleagues to join me in con- most notably in the historic town of Old Wash- League baseball. gratulating Club 20 for its successful 50 years ington, Arkansas, which briefly served as the Jim McKenzie truly exemplified the ideal of and in wishing them continued success for the state capital. a public citizen. Throughout his life, he was a next 50 years and beyond. Parker spent many years in Washington, leader who never hesitated to give his time f D.C. working here on Capitol Hill for several and energy to help others. For me personally, members of Arkansas’s congressional delega- he was a role model growing up and an inspi- A TRIBUTE TO ALICE SHALVI tion. His contributions to historical preservation ration throughout my public service. I am began in 1968 while he was serving as an grateful for all he did for our family and for his HON. NITA M. LOWEY aide for the last United States Senator J. Wil- fellow citizens, and I feel privileged to have OF NEW YORK liam Fulbright. At that time, Parker purchased had the opportunity to call him a friend. His IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and restored an old Quaker cottage in Water- death is an enormous loss not only to those ford, Virginia, for which he received the Excel- who knew him well, but also to our community Tuesday, March 5, 2002 lence in Restoration award from the Loudon and to our state. Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in tribute County Chamber of Commerce. My heart goes out especially to Jim’s wife, to Alice Shalvi who will be honored on Thurs- His passion for restoration and preservation Betty, their two daughters, Kris and Miki, and day, March 14, by Kolot: The Center for Jew- continued when he returned to Arkansas in their five grandchildren as they deal with the ish Women’s and Gender Studies. Mrs. Shalvi, the mid 1970s. In the 1980s, he helped create pain of this difficult loss, and I am keeping all an internationally known scholar and women’s the Historic Preservation Alliance of Arkansas of them in my thoughts and prayers. While Jim rights advocate, has dedicated her life to cre- and helped pass an initiative that provides may no longer be with us, his legacy and his ating a more just society in Israel. over $3 million per year for preservation in the

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.065 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E278 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 State of Arkansas. Later, President Clinton ap- PERSONAL EXPLANATION HONORING REINHARDT COLLEGE pointed him to the National Park System Advi- sory Board and twice named him to the Presi- HON. ROBIN HAYES HON. BOB BARR OF NORTH CAROLINA dent’s Advisory Council on Historic Preserva- OF GEORGIA tion. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, March 5, 2002 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Friends and colleagues described Parker as Wednesday, March 6, 2002 dedicated and committed to ‘‘volunteerism.’’ Mr. HAYES. Mr. Speaker, due to a sched- His leadership in preservation serves as an uling conflict, I was unable to be present for Mr. BARR of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, there example to all of us at a time when our coun- rollcall Nos. 41 and 42. Let the record reflect are a select group of people who reach out to try faces new challenges that demand greater that, had I been present, I would have voted make the world a better place, and truly make community involvement and public service. ‘‘yea’’ on each of these votes. an impact on the lives of others. Dr. and Mrs. f Floyd A. Falany are two such individuals. They Fittingly, in honor of his decades of work LIMITS FOR FARM PAYMENTS worked tirelessly at Reinhardt College for 25 and dedication, the National Trust for Historic years, to bring students, faculty, and alumni Preservation has recently bestowed upon him the best they could offer as an educational the prestigious National Preservation Award HON. NICK SMITH OF MICHIGAN and colligate experience. and declared him a ‘‘National Treasury.’’ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Since first coming to Reinhardt in 1973, one Parker Westbrook is a ‘‘national treasure,’’ a Tuesday, March 5, 2002 of Dr. Falany’s dreams was to bring a church true champion of a noble cause. His accom- to the campus. He saw that dream become a plishments will undoubtedly be admired and Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speaker are we reality, when Reinhardt opened its doors to a appreciated by this and future generations for going to have a vote of ‘‘yea’’ or ‘‘nay’’ on lim- new sanctuary in 1987. Aware of the impor- its for farm payments? many years to come. I would first offer a quote by the President tance of music and the performing arts, not from last August, ‘‘There’s a lot of medium- only to a well-rounded educational facility, but f sized farmers that need help, and one of the also to a community, Dr. Falany’s next goal things that we’re going to make sure of as we became the construction of a state-of-the-art YOUNG PEACEBUILDERS ACT OF performance center. I am pleased to say that 2002 restructure the farm program next year is that the money goes to the people it’s meant to as of January 2002, Dr. Falany’s second help.’’ dream has also been brought to life. HON. MARK UDALL The following is a dear Colleague sent out The Floyd A. and Fay W. Falany Performing yesterday and signed by Representatives NICK Arts Center was first announced in 1998, fol- OF COLORADO SMITH, MARCY KAPTURE, JOHN HOSTETTLER, lowing the completion of its ambitious fund- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES EARL POMEROY, EARL BLUMENAUER, DAN MIL- raising campaign. An anonymous donor con- LER, DOUG BEREUTER, and TAMMY BALDWIN, tributed the center’s name gift, asking it be Tuesday, March 5, 2002 and I quote, As the farm bill conferees begin named for the former Reinhardt president and deliberations, I ask for your help in bringing his wife. It holds eight practice rooms, six Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, the about meaningful federal farm policy with lim- classrooms, two rehearsal spaces, two pro- Young Peacebuilders Act of 2002 recognizes its on how much money a farm can receive. duction/control rooms, four dressing areas, a that our young people are our greatest re- As President Bush has said, we should work green room, storage space, 15 offices, and a source and our future. It also recognizes that to send him a bill that directs support to those 350-seat auditorium with seven balcony areas. promoting international cooperation and in- it was meant to help, namely small and main- Taking 14 months to build, the project ran a creased mutual understanding—in effect, stream family farms. total of $9 million. It houses both the music building peace—requires an investment in new In response to the Dear Colleague letter and communications departments of the col- generations of young people. dated February 27, 2001 from Representatives lege; the music department began holding This legislation would offer young people CHAMBLISS and BERRY, one thing should be classes in the building in January, and the from regions of conflict opportunities to de- made clear: there are no effective limits for communications and business school will join velop strong character, integrity, and leader- price support payments farmers may receive in the fall. ship skills, and would help them to learn about in current law, or in the House-passed farm The first service was held in the center on conflict resolution and communication. The bill bill. When the $150,000 limit is reached, any Saturday, February 16, 2002, honoring the is intended to instill hope—instead of fear—in producer can continue to receive unlimited Falanys and the dedication of the center to the the hearts of the world’s young people, as well price support benefits through loan forfeitures school. The next ceremony will be in April for and certificates. According to the Environ- the school’s annual ‘‘Celebration Event,‘‘ at as in the hearts of Americans who are at a mental Working Group’s website which the college’s trustees, advisors, alumni loss as to how to view the months and years (www.ewg.org) the top 5 recipients from board, and ministerial association officers will ahead. 1996–2000 were: Riceland Foods, Inc. $49 meet to attend a performance by the Atlanta For 20 years, Representative UDALL was di- million; Farmers Rice Corporation, $38.2 mil- Symphony Orchestra. rector of the Colorado Outward Bound School, lion; Harvest States Coop, $23.8 million; Tyler I ask my fellow members to, please join me where he saw first-hand how young people Farms, $28.2 million; Producers Rice Mill, Inc., in congratulating Reinhardt College, on the developed strong character and leadership $19.8 million. Do we really want federal farm successful completion of its new performing skills by working in the outdoors. Outward policy that gives unlimited support to huge arts center, and in thanking Dr. and Mrs. Bound and similar programs in the U.S. could farm operations? Flanay for their continued dedication to their help international youth learn the value of Last October, the Smith payment limitation work, to the students of Reinhardt College, to working together to solve problems, as well as amendment was brought before the House God, and to their community. to help them avoid the cultural misunder- under the 5-minute debate rule. Despite the standing that have plagued their parents’ gen- time limit on debate and organized opposition, f eration. the amendment fell just 26 votes short of pas- sage. However, payment limitations success- TRIBUTE TO RETIRING WENT- The Young Peacebuilders Act of 2002 fully moved in the Senate farm bill by a vote WORTH MILITARY ACADEMY would establish a program in the Department of 66–31. Now we must resist the efforts of PRESIDENT of State for youth from regions of conflict. The those who seek to thwart our efforts to cap program would provide for visits in the United farm subsidies. Unlike what has been sug- HON. IKE SKELTON States of 90 days or less for training in conflict gested, most states do not have a single farm- OF MISSOURI resolution and mutual understanding. Training er who would be affected by the limitations we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would be provided by non-profit organizations are trying to establish. and other organizations as determined by the If you have any questions or would like to Wednesday, March 6, 2002 Secretary of State. The State Department, sign on to the letter of Representatives POM- Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, let me take working in conjunction with the Attorney Gen- EROY and BEREUTER requesting payment limi- this opportunity to pay tribute to Colonel (Ret.) eral, would establish criteria for eligibility for tations, contact Representative POMEROY’s of- Jerry Brown, former President of Wentworth participation. The bill would authorize $2 mil- fice, Representative BEREUTER’s Office, or Military Academy, for the service he has given lion for each fiscal year to carry out this Act. Representative SMITH’s office. to the academy for the last seven years.

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A05MR8.069 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E279 Colonel Brown’s time as president of the after the Christmas 2001 holiday, Mr. Blake, a Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) for nine academy has been marked with many accom- truck driver for Fry Foods, and his son, Zach, years. His affiliation with CORE called for him plishments. Some of Colonel Brown’s achieve- were traveling on Interstate 80 in Pennsyl- to courageously work in numerous commu- ments include orchestrating the building of vania, returning home after a trip to New York nities throughout the South during the turbu- new barracks and an accreditation visit by the City. Over his CB radio, he heard of an acci- lent 60’s when civil rights activities were haz- Higher Learning Commission of the North dent ahead of him caused by a snow squall. ardous work. He later served as Director of Central Association. Brown was also instru- When he and his son came across the acci- the Citizenship, Education, Scholarship, Edu- mental in forming the Wentworth Foundation, dent scene, they saw that it involved a tanker cation and Defense Fund for Racial Equality in created to gather funds for capital improve- truck that was loaded with powdered iron, an South Carolina. ments at the school. extremely flammable substance. Debbie Mr. McCain has made his mark on the civil As he prepares to spend more time with his Weeda and her three children were wedged in rights movement, not only through his actions, family, I know that Members of the House will their car under the tanker. Her car on fire, her but also through his publications. He was an join me in expressing appreciation for his dedi- youngest trapped, she screamed for help. Mr. inductee into the University South Caroliniana cation to Wentworth Military Academy. Blake reacted without regard for his own safe- Society, and has contributed countless vol- f ty, running to the burning car to save umes on the civil rights movement to the Dominick, age 1, who was trapped in his car South Carolina Library. He is co-author of the HONORING THE LIFE AND seat. On his first try, he was unable to extract publication, Political Strength: How to get it, a ACHIEVEMENTS OF EDWARD the child. Wielding his pocketknife, he returned guide to effective community action. DURELL STONE a second time and cut the restraints that Throughout his life, ‘‘Nooker’’ has been ac- trapped the infant. Having extricated Dominick tive in many facets of his community. His past HON. JOHN BOOZMAN from the burning car, the children, their mother and present professional and civic affiliations OF ARKANSAS and the Blakes fled the scene just before the include Associate Director, South Carolina IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tanker exploded. Council on Human Relations; President and Treasurer, Palmetto Education Association; Wednesday, March 6, 2002 Mr. Speaker, James Blake is a true hero. Today, at a time when the forces of evil have Vice Chairman, South Carolina Economic Op- Mr. BOOZMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to threatened our way of life, Mr. Blake exhibited portunity Board; Coordinator Sumter Black Po- honor Edward Durell Stone on the 100th anni- the American spirit. I thank Mr. Blake, his son, litical caucus; Charter President, Sumter versary of his birth. and the countless fire and rescue personnel Branch of the N.A.A.C.P.; 1st Vice Chairman, Born in 1902, Edward Durell Stone attended Wateree Community Actions, Inc.; Boy Scouts the University of Arkansas before becoming who put their lives on the line for others. Mr. Blake, you are a truly selfless American. of America; Lay Advisory Board, Sumter High one of the most celebrated architects in Amer- School; Sumter Count Council on Aging, and ican history. He is famous for designing rec- f the Governor’s Council on Human Affairs for ognizable buildings including the Museum of TRIBUTE TO MR. JAMES T. South Carolina. He is a recipient of the Order Modern Art, The U.S. Embassy in New Delhi MCCAIN of the Palmetto, the highest honor that a and the Standard Oil Building, better known as South Carolina Governor can bestow on an in- the Amoco Building in Chicago. The latter still HON. JAMES E. CLYBURN dividual. He has also been recognized as the stands as the ninth tallest building in the Outstanding Senior Citizen of the Year for OF SOUTH CAROLINA world. South Carolina. Mr. McCain continues his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES My colleagues here in Washington, DC are community involvement as a trustee emeritus very familiar with one of his designs in par- Wednesday, March 6, 2002 of the Mt. Zion Missionary Baptist Church. ticular, as many of them have enjoyed con- Mr. CLYBURN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Mr. Speaker, I ask that you and my col- certs, plays and performances at the Kennedy pay tribute to a lifelong friend and mentor, Mr. leagues join me in wishing my first baseball Center. James T. McCain of Sumter, South Carolina. coach and lifelong political mentor—Mr. James Stone left Arkansas for New York City, but ‘‘Nooker’’ as he is affectionately known, is an T. ‘‘Nooker’’ McCain—a Happy 97th Birthday eventually returned to design a number of no- extraordinary man who has contributed great- which, God willing, he will celebrate on Friday, table buildings, including the University of Ar- ly, not only to his community and state, but March 8th. I wish him good luck and God- kansas’s Fine Arts Center, the Medical Center the entire nation. He started his professional speed. Hospital in Little Rock and the Pine Bluff Civic career as an educator. But his most lasting f Center. contributions were made as a civil rights activ- Today, Edward Durell Stone’s family are in PAYING TRIBUTE TO RALPH ist. An accomplished author, his long-standing NEWBY Fayetteville, Arkansas joining the University in commitment to the struggle for equality is leg- celebrating his life and touring the house in endary throughout the nation. He is married to which he grew up in. That house, the Walker- the former Ida M. Channault of Georgia, and HON. SCOTT McINNIS Stone House, is on the National Register of they have three children. OF COLORADO Historic Places and is now home to my Fay- Nooker was born on March 8, 1905 in Sum- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES etteville District Office. ter, South Carolina, where he resides. He Wednesday, March 6, 2002 Mr. Speaker, I thank you for the opportunity graduated from Morris College in Sumter, and Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to to honor Edward Durell Stone and I yield back continued his education in Philadelphia, Penn- take this opportunity to recognize a truly dedi- the balance of my time. sylvania where he received a Masters of Edu- cated teacher at Otero Junior College, Mr. f cation Degree from Temple University. His tal- Ralph Newby. Ralph has dedicated countless A SPECIAL TRIBUTE TO JAMES ents were displayed over subsequent years as hours to helping others understand and suc- BLAKE OF TIFFIN, OH, A TRUE an outstanding educator. He held positions as ceed in the field of computer studies at OJC. AMERICAN HERO a teacher, principal, college professor, reg- He has gone far beyond what is required in istrar and dean. The Negro Educational Re- the classroom and touched the lives of his stu- HON. PAUL E. GILLMOR view nationally recognized Mr. McCain’s dents in such a profound way that he was re- unique abilities in 1952 when he was named OF OHIO cently named OJC Teacher of the Year. Mr. Runner-up in a nation-wide Classroom Teach- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Speaker, I feel that it is only appropriate dur- er of the Year project conducted. ing this moment of distinction for Ralph that Wednesday, March 6, 2002 In addition to his incredible contributions as we, as a body of Congress recognize his ef- Mr. GILLMOR. Mr. Speaker, it is with great an educator, Mr. McCain has dedicated his life forts. pride that I rise today to recognize a true hero. to seeking full citizenship, civil rights and ab- For fifteen years, Ralph has remained dedi- Since September 11, the definition of a hero solute equality for minorities in our country. cated and committed to his students in their has changed dramatically. People who self- Through his participation in such civil rights ef- pursuit of computer studies. He has consist- lessly put their lives on the line for others have forts as the sit-ins, Freedom Rides and pick- ently kept up on the ever-evolving world of always been recognized as heroes, but their eting during the sixties, Mr. McCain displayed computers in order to give his students the deeds are even more appreciated today. his willingness to put the good of the people best skills for their future jobs. He is known to One of my constituents fits this description, ahead of his own safety. He served as Field his colleagues and his students for his loyalty, James Blake from Tiffin, Ohio. Three days Secretary and Director of Organization of the his willingness to be involved in their lives and

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.002 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E280 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 his innovative teaching style. However, he is Galveston, Texas A&M University, and the arena, whether or not they become part of the best known for his perseverance in his teach- University of Texas for their heroism. I am U.S. military directly. ing; he will not quit trying new methods until amazed at the selflessness that these young I am proud to say that in the 7th District of his students fully understand a concept. Ralph people displayed. Georgia, we have a wonderful program at has served his fellow teachers as the Chair of On Saturday, February 23, 2002, Texas Cass High School in Bartow County. The the Faculty Assembly and he has served his A&M University at Galveston was hosting a lengths to which the support system at Cass state as the Vocational and Technology Advi- sailing team-racing regatta. As the sailboats went in order to start their JROTC program sor to the State Community Colleges. were maneuvering for the start of the race, a early, is a true testament to their dedicated Ralph is not only an extraordinary educator mini van carrying a total of six people drove at service. It was quite an ordeal for the stu- but also a pillar of the community. He has high speed off a dead-end road and flew ap- dents, faculty, and parents of Cass students to been involved in organizing the Arkansas Val- proximately 80 feet out over the water and get JROTC classes up and running. Under ley Career Fair, regional FBLA conferences, sank. The van landed within 30 feet of the normal conditions it takes five years for the Kids College, and Phi Beta Lambda. Ralph starting line. application process to be completed, but in also coaches recreational sports, sponsors a Participants from the regatta yelled to shore this case the school board was petitioned and marching band and is involved in church ac- for someone to call 911 and then swam in the the program rushed through. tivities. He is also known as a loving father 60-degree water to the van and made re- The rapid implementation of the program and husband. peated dives in an effort to rescue the people can be attributed largely to two determined Mr. Speaker, it is a great privilege to recog- trapped inside. The rescuers called for rocks students: seniors Matt Barnes and Sarah nize Ralph for his service to his community from the shore to smash the windows open Cavazzini. The two students recognized the and the students whose life he has changed. and other students began swimming the rocks need for a course that promoted maturity, dis- The diligence and commitment demonstrated out to the site. An anchor from the regatta mo- cipline, and commitment. Educator Jeannie by Ralph Newby certainly deserves the rec- torboat was also used to smash the windows. Buck says she has seen students turn a full ognition of this body of Congress, and this na- Over a period of ten minutes while the van circle due to the program. Sara Cavazzini was tion. Ralph’s achievements as a teacher was submerged the participants successfully one of the first girls to be in the JROTC tech- serves as a symbol to teachers throughout rescued the five unconscious occupants, nology program, and became very involved in Colorado, and indeed the entire nation. The brought them to shore and administered first the engineering efforts of the program as well. honor of OJC teacher of the year is proof that aid/CPR. The students rescued two adult She plans to continue here education at Au- hard work is rewarded. It is people like Ralph women and three children, four years old, six burn University’s Navy ROTC program. Matt who help to ensure that our future generations years old and seven months old. The driver of Barnes became interested in the military when are guaranteed the opportunity to improve the van, who purposely drove the van into the he joined the Junior Silver Air Patrol in sixth their lives through the resource of education. water and escaped on his own, is incarcerated grade. As a result of his success in that orga- Congratulations Ralph, and thank you for all of and faces attempted capital murder charges. nization, he was awarded the Silver Air Patrol your hard work. Mr. Speaker, these students, many of whom Award. Matt’s desire to continue his education f were injured themselves from broken glass, regarding the armed forces motivated him to TRIBUTE TO THE CARL AND showed astonishing courage. Today, I would initiate the JROTC program at Cass. Matt GLESSIE YOUNG COMMUNITY AU- like to recognize them on the floor of the U.S. plans to join the military following graduation DITORIUM House of Representatives. These brave sail- in June. ors are: JROTC courses at Cass are under the di- HON. IKE SKELTON Coach Gerard Coleman, Brence Bedwell, rection of Brent Bunkley, and are support by Jenipher Cate, Megan Chrostowski, Kelly a large network of teachers, administrators, OF MISSOURI parents, and other students. Students are re- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Cunningham, Capt. Jeffrey Daigle, Kelly Gal- lop, Kevin Gunn, James Loynes, Chris Noll, sponsible for purchasing their own uniforms, Wednesday, March 6, 2002 Robin Roger, Joseph Richardson, Bill Self, and parental support is the primary means by Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, let me take Julie Svaton, Danna Svejkosky, Lloyd Towns, which the classes are kept afloat. Teens en- this means to recognize the city of Marshfield, Judkey Reed, Mr. Shannon Galway, Capt. rolled in JROTC earn class credit, as well as Missouri, and the generosity of Carl and Jake Scott, Jennifer Doreck, John Gross, life-long lessons such as discipline, teamwork, Glessie Young on the grand opening of the Spencer Ogden, Mike Curtin, Sarah Lakhani, and leadership. Carl and Glessie Young Community Audito- Varun Idnani, Jennifer Curtin, and Scott The Cass High School JROTC program has rium. During a recent visit to Webster County, Marsden. made itself available for appearances at pa- I attended the grand opening of this facility, On behalf of the city of Galveston, I would rades, and the presentation of colors for ath- which will serve the community and the stu- like to express my thanks to these courageous letic events. I would like to commend the dents in Marshfield for many years to come. sailors who showed no regard for their own JROTC students at Cass for their foresight The auditorium was made possible through safety when it came to rescuing the people and dedication, as well as the parents and a local bond issue and a generous donation trapped inside that van. They make me proud faculty who supply their own time and money from Carl and Glessie Young. This facility will to be a Texan. God bless. to ensure the best for the future of their stu- be home to community and school plays, mu- dents. I hope my fellow members of the f sical performances, concerts and speech and House join in applauding the JROTC program debate competitions. It will provide a teaching HONORING THE JUNIOR ROTC and in particular, the program at Cass High facility for the nearby schools. CLASS OF CASS HIGH SCHOOL, School in Bartow County, Georgia. Mr. Speaker, the citizens of Marshfield can GEORGIA f be proud of their new 21,000 square foot, state-of-the-art facility. I know the Members of HON. BOB BARR HONORING THE LIFE OF DARRYL the House will join me in congratulating all of FRANCIS OF GEORGIA Marshfield on completing this fine addition to their community. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. JOHN BOOZMAN f Wednesday, March 6, 2002 OF ARIZONA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HONORING SAILING TEAMS FROM Mr. BARR of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, at a Wednesday, March 6, 2002 TEXAS A&M AT GALVESTON, time when the country remains understandably TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY AND concerned about national and homeland secu- Mr. BOOZMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS rity, it is reassuring to see a bring young group pay tribute to the memory of Mr. Darryl R. of students interested not only in becoming Francis of Fort Smith, Arkansas. HON. NICK LAMPSON part of our military programs, but taking it Darryl Francis passed away Feb. 8, 2002 in upon themselves to begin one of their own. the arms of his beloved wife, Sherrian. He OF TEXAS High school students who participate in Junior IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was survived by a large group of family and Reserve Officer Training Corps learn practical friends who will miss his contributions to their Wednesday, March 6, 2002 information that teach leadership, foster patri- lives dearly. Mr. LAMPSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to otism, and polish individual character; all traits Born in 1912, Darryl Francis grew up in honor the sailing teams from Texas A&M at that can be applied in every professional Ridgeway, Mo. After receiving his bachelor’s

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K06MR8.001 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E281 degree in agriculture at the University of Mis- Show. His life-long dedication to both his job, who has served the Fifth Congressional Dis- souri College of Agriculture in 1936, he began as a large animal veterinarian, and to the Na- trict with patriotism, devotion, and kindness. a career in banking that led him to the position tional Western Horse Show, as its manager, is Today, Yvonne N. Darling of Elmore, Ohio will of President of the Memphis branch of the surpassed only by the level of integrity and be retiring from the Ottawa County Board of Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. honesty with which he has conducted himself Elections. For the last eight years, she has en- In 1976, Mr. Francis moved to Fort Smith, each and every day while at his posts. As the sured the accuracy and sanctity of Ottawa Arkansas to be closer to his family. He took manager of the National Western Horse Show, County elections. Her dedication and optimism the position of President, CEO and chairman he will always be remembered as a man with will not be forgotten. of the board of Merchants National Bank, from the utmost dedication and talent, and will con- Mrs. Darling’s service to our country started which he retired in 1982 to take care of his tinue to be known as a leader in the veterinary long before she came to Northwest Ohio. She former wife, Loretta, who suffered from Alz- field. As he celebrates his retirement, let it be began her marriage as a military wife, making heimer’s disease. known that I, along with each and every per- her own sacrifice while her husband, Jim, Mr. Francis was responsible for the modern son with whom he has worked and the people served our country. After his retirement, Mrs. reputation of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. of Colorado, are eternally grateful for all that Darling and her husband returned to Elmore, Louis. He lead them to take revolutionary he has done for the National Western Horse Ohio where she joined the Ottawa County Re- steps in emphasizing the importance of infla- Show and for the state. publican Central Committee. Taking on a lead- tion as a national problem. He showed that Marvin has dedicated his entire life to the ership role, she served as Women’s Club money creation held the central role in the in- care and treatment of horses. Growing up on Treasurer. As an Elmore Village Council- flation process. a 28,000-acre ranch, which was owned by the woman for 8 years, she again demonstrated In 1966 he was awarded the Golden Step Phipps family, his father was a professional how important it is to give back to your com- Award of the Agri-Business Club of St. Louis huntsman who managed the horses and munity. Most recently, she has served on the in recognition of his achievements resulting in hounds of the ranch and taught him how to Ottawa County Board of Elections ensuring a major economic impact on the St. Louis care for and appreciate horses. At as early an that our elections are safe and accurate. area. He also received the Citation of Merit age as seven years old, Marvin realized that Since 1975, Mrs. Darling has been an active Award from the University of Missouri Agri- he wanted to be a horse vet. He doggedly member of the American Legion Post 269 and culture Alumni Association. He was named to pursued his dream, and earned a doctorate in her efforts speaks for themselves. As the a special U.S. delegation to Honduras in the veterinary medicine from Colorado State Uni- Chairman of the Americanism Committee, 1950’s to help set up a new banking system. versity in 1957. Shortly after, he began work- Mrs. Darling helps foster a sense of patriotism He was honored in 2000 by the Federal Re- ing at the Littleton Large Animal Clinic, where in high school students across Ottawa County. serve by their dedication of the 25th annual he has worked ever since. She motivates young people to give back to Marvin has had a distinguished career as a Economic Policy Conference to him. His con- their communities and encourages them to large animal veterinarian. He is the past presi- tributions to the world of banking and the sys- reach for their dreams. At every opportunity dent of the American Association of Equine tems used by that world will not be forgotten. she has made a positive impact on her com- Veterinary Practitioners, chief huntsman for Mr. Speaker, thank you for giving me the munity and the people around her. the Arapahoe Hunt Club, and the only vet to opportunity to honor the memory of Mr. Darryl Mr. Speaker, Mrs. Darling is an example of be a trustee on the American Horse Council. Francis. how American values can make a difference In addition, he serves on the American Quar- in each of our communities. Her passion for f ter Horse Association research committee and service and charity towards all will remain an IN MEMORY OF MOLLY PORTER was inducted into the AQHA Hall of Fame. In important staple in the Elmore community for 1997, Marvin took the prestigious post of many years to come. I ask my colleagues of HON. MICHAEL N. CASTLE Horse Show Manager at the National Western, the 107th Congress to join me in saluting Mrs. where he served until retiring after the 2002 Yvonne N. Darling and wishing her the very OF DELAWARE show. During his tenure, he markedly im- best in her future endeavors. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proved the quality of the show, as well as in- f Wednesday, March 6, 2002 creased interest in it. Because of his dedica- TRIBUTE TO STAN SLOSS Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Speaker, it is with deep tion, knowledge and hard work, he will be sadness that I report the death of Molly Porter, sorely missed by everyone involved in the Na- 34, of Smyrna, Delaware. Molly passed away tional Western, and by the thousands of peo- HON. MARK UDALL on March 1, 2002, in the prime of her life. For ple who enjoyed his work each and every OF COLORADO the past five years, Molly has been a valued year. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES employee of the Delaware Public Archives in Mr. Speaker, it is clear that Marvin Beeman Wednesday, March 6, 2002 is a man of unparalleled dedication and com- Dover, Delaware. Molly’s work ensured that Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, I rise mitment to the National Western Horse Show, the history of Delaware was preserved and today to ask my colleagues to join me in cele- to his veterinary practice and to the people of available for all Delawareans, and she helped brating the 60th birthday of Stan Sloss, who Colorado. It is his unrelenting passion for each many more people, firsthand, in their desire to serves as my Senior Legislative Counsel and and every thing he does, as well as his spirit learn more about their family, their state and heads my legislative staff. their country. Her service to the citizens of of honesty and integrity with which he has al- I would not ordinarily take the time of my Delaware and this country was a model for ways conducted himself, that I wish to bring colleagues to thank a member of my personal public service. She worked to help others and, before this body of Congress. He is a remark- staff, but Stan is so well known and beloved in so doing, contributed to the quality of life in able man, who has achieved extraordinary by members on both sides of the aisle, and Delaware. She will not be forgotten. The state things throughout his career, and it is my privi- his reputation is so well regarded, that I be- of Delaware has lost a true public servant, and lege to extend to him my congratulations on lieve it is entirely appropriate to commemorate our thoughts and prayers are with her family his retirement from the National Western his birthday in a journal that he has known so and friends at this time. Horse Show and wish him the best in his fu- well and to which he has contributed so much. ture endeavors. f Many of you know Stan and have had an f opportunity to work with him over the years. PAYING TRIBUTE TO G. MARVIN A SPECIAL TRIBUTE TO YVONNE Stan’s distinguished service has resulted in his BEEMAN N. DARLING ON HER RETIRE- becoming a valued resource—not only as an MENT FROM THE OTTAWA COUN- experienced voice on substantive policy HON. SCOTT McINNIS TY BOARD OF ELECTIONS issues, but also for his knowledge of the ven- OF COLORADO erated but often byzantine procedures of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. PAUL E. GILLMOR House. I heavily draw upon his experience, OF OHIO expertise and diplomatic operating style. Wednesday, March 6, 2002 A native of Glenwood Springs, Colorado, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. McINNIS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to Stan is a graduate of Amherst College and the take this opportunity to pay tribute to Marvin Wednesday, March 6, 2002 Harvard Law School. He came to Washington, Beeman and thank him for his extraordinary Mr. GILLMOR. Mr. Speaker, it is with great DC in the late 1960s, working first in the Gen- contributions to the National Western Horse pride that I rise today to recognize a woman eral Counsel’s office of the Atomic Energy

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.009 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E282 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 Commission. He next spent some time in pri- predecessor and so was familiar with the Sec- As a member of the Congressional Glau- vate practice, and among other things spent ond Congressional District. As a newly elected coma Caucus, I am pleased to announce that some time in Alaska working on some issues Member of the Resources Committee, I also glaucoma will take on a renewed emphasis on related to the Alaska Native Claims Settlement appreciated his familiarity with matters within March 6, as the Congressional Glaucoma Act of 1971. its jurisdiction as well as the more senior Caucus, Friends of the Congressional Glau- Stan’s congressional career started in 1975 members and the Committee staff. coma Caucus Foundation and Pharmacia Cor- when he joined the staff of what was then At my office, Stan has made important con- poration join forces to bring glaucoma aware- known as the Interior and Insular Affairs Com- tributions in drafting legislation to establish ness and screenings to those at risk around mittee. He served as counsel to the Mines and Rocky Flats as a national wildlife refuge after the United States. Mining Subcommittee, chaired by Representa- it is cleaned up and closed. He also has Capitol Vision, the call-to-action and edu- tive PATSY MINK. He assisted with some im- worked on the Udall-McInnis wilderness bill for cational campaign, will challenge Americans to portant amendments to the Coal Leasing Act James Peak, and fire prevention legislation I learn more about glaucoma and encourage that were passed over the veto of President have proposed with my colleague, Mr. HEFLEY. them to take positive steps to protect their vi- Ford and with a variety of other measures that Stan’s work has not been confined to the sion. Capitol Vision will especially emphasize came before that Subcommittee. environmental arena. His keen intellect, com- the importance of glaucoma awareness In 1977, Stan became a counsel to the new mon sense and sharp legal analysis have among African-Americans, who are three to Subcommittee on General Oversight and Alas- been invaluable on the wide range of issues four times more likely to go blind from glau- ka Lands, chaired by former Representative and topics that face all members every day. coma than are Caucasians. We will also raise John F. Seiberling. In this capacity, Stan He has been especially effective in tutoring awareness of the Medicare Improvement worked with both Representative Seiberling many of the younger members of my staff on Act—effective since January 2002—that adds and my father, Morris K. Udall, who was the the inner workings of the House, the nuances Medicare coverage of annual glaucoma Chairman of the full Interior Committee. Stan of legislative drafting and as an example of screenings for people who are at high risk for helped draft a number of key parts of the leg- the highest standard of professionalism for glaucoma. islation that became the Alaska National Inter- congressional staff. Rep. Charles B. Rangel (D-New York); Bud est Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA), particu- Like any thoughtful and accomplished law- Grant, CEO, Friends of the Congressional larly those related to subsistence uses by yer, Stan is often fond of saying that he ‘‘can Glaucoma Caucus Foundation; Eve Alaska’s Native peoples. Stan staffed hearings argue it flat or argue it round’’, and his objec- Higginbotham, M.D., Professor and Chair, De- throughout the lower 48 states and Alaska and tivity is legendary in our office. Having said partment of Ophthalmology, University of was one of the many key professional staff that, however, I also know that beneath his al- Maryland School of Medicine; Paul Chaney, who helped shape the final legislation. ways calm demeanor and his ability to see all Vice-President, Global Ophthalmology Busi- ANILCA was a milestone in conservation, set- sides of a question, there beats the heart of a ness, Pharmacia Corporation; Herman Wash- ting aside more than 100 million acres of Alas- man who is passionate about doing the ‘‘right ington, WHUR-FM; and Sharon Matthews, a ka’s most pristine, public lands—an area larg- thing.’’ Stan has never compromised his firm glaucoma patient, will joint me to kick off the er than the State of California—and more than and unswerving commitment to civil rights and campaign with a media briefing in the Rayburn doubling the size of the nation’s systems of liberty. He loves the absurdity that is some- building on March 6 in Washington, D.C. Cap- national parks, wildlife refuges, wilderness and times politics, but he doesn’t allow political itol Vision will then travel to communities wild and scenic rivers. analysis to get in the way of his strongly held throughout the country to provide free glau- In addition to ANILCA, Stan has been in- views about the majesty of our constitution. coma screenings. The first screening will take volved with many other laws and regulations Stan is a public servant in the best sense. place in Rep. Rangel’s district in late March. affecting the public lands and natural re- He brings a work ethic and code of profes- I am honored to join forces with such a dis- sources. He served as Representative Seiber- sionalism that is always focused on the pro- tinguished group to tackle a very important ling’s staff counsel to the Select Committee on motion of policies that best serve the environ- health concern. I strongly encourage other the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). That Com- ment, the public good and the values of hon- members of Congress to join us in our efforts mittee developed the 1978 Amendments to esty and bipartisanship that are the hallmarks to promote early detection of glaucoma so that the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, which of American democracy at its best. His con- we can eradicate a disease that steals the shifted the focus of debate on the OCS away tributions to my office, the offices of my prede- sight of many Americans. from just energy production to a more bal- cessors, the House Resources Committee and f anced approach, which included greater pro- the whole House of Representatives—and ulti- tection for the environment. He also played a mately the people of the United States—serve IN HONOR OF JAMES M. SMITH key role in connection with a variety of other as an example of a professional life that com- measures, including the Colorado Wilderness mands both respect and affection. I wish Stan HON. DENNIS J. KUCINICH Act of 1980 and the Military Lands Withdrawal a happy birthday and many productive years OF OHIO Act of 1986. ahead. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES When John Seiberling retired in 1987, Stan f Wednesday, March 6, 2002 remained on the Interior Committee staff, serv- ing under former Representative Bruce Vento, THE CONGRESSIONAL GLAUCOMA Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in chairman of the Subcommittee on National CAUCUS URGES AMERICANS TO recognition of James M. Smith, who is retiring Parks and Public Lands. He was involved in GET SCREENED THROUGH CAP- after 30 years of distinguished service on the development of legislation, including the Ari- ITOL VISION Cuyahoga County District Board of Health, 28 zona Desert Wilderness Act sponsored by my of which he served as President. Mr. Smith’s father, the Colorado Wilderness Act of 1993 HON. ELIJAH E. CUMMINGS unwavering commitment to public service has that included legislation developed by my OF MARYLAND been invaluable to the people of Cuyahoga predecessor, Representative David Skaggs, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES County. His integrity, intelligence, and unself- and the California Desert Protection Act. ish commitment will be greatly missed. In 1995, Stan left the Resources Committee Wednesday, March 6, 2002 Mr. Smith grew up in Nebraska where as to become the Legislative Director for David Mr. CUMMINGS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today early as high school he displayed leadership Skaggs. Representative Skaggs was a mem- to address the issue of glaucoma awareness as president of his senior class. After high ber of the Interior Subcommittee of the Appro- and the importance of early detection to pre- school he served his country during WWII in priations Committee, so Stan was able to use vent blindness among Americans. the Navy and the Naval Corp. He went on to his familiarity with public lands issues to assist Glaucoma, a debilitating eye disease that attend the University of Michigan where he in connection with those issues as they arose strikes without warning and often without earned a BBA degree from the School of Busi- in that new context. He also dealt with the symptoms, blinds more than 5,500 Americans ness Administration and a JD from the law contentious issues related to Rocky Flats and annually. While impacting all Americans, glau- school. He then moved to Cleveland where he the other sites in the DOE nuclear-weapons coma is the leading cause of blindness in Afri- opened his own law practice which he ran for complex. can-Americans. Because eye damage from many years before merging with the firm Stan was one of the first people I hired fol- glaucoma cannot be reversed, early detection founded by William R. Van Aken in 1977. He lowing my election in November 1998. I was and treatment are the only ways to prevent vi- became a senior partner in what is now called, fortunate to have someone who worked for my sion impairment and blindness. Van Aken & Bond.

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.012 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E283 Throughout his career Mr. Smith has dis- cree. We did not repeat that experiment by great-grandchildren and 10 great-great-grand- played continued leadership and community authorizing many state and federal antitrust children. It is an impressive lineage of which involvement in the Cleveland area. He spent courts to undertake the same tasks. she is extremely proud, and which, more im- 10 years beginning in 1959 as a Councilman Second, the antitrust enforcement agencies, portantly, is extremely proud of her. She has in the city of Highland Heights, the last three including the Department of Justice, would been a member of St. Ann’s Church in Pali- as President of the Council. He has served as have been called on to duplicate, second sade, Colorado for nearly 25 years, and con- an officer and member of the board of direc- guess, and perhaps contradict the tele- tinues to volunteer on a weekly basis at the tors of many Cleveland based corporations as communications policy decisions Congress in- Migrant Center in Palisade. She still loves to well as a member of various civil organiza- stead decided to entrust to the FCC and to the attend to her garden, and finds time to fish on tions. state commissions. We need the enforcement Grand Mesa. The remarkable longevity of James M. Smith’s educational background, agencies to enforce the antitrust laws, not es- Clara’s life is a testament to the extraordinary professional experience and extensive com- tablish telecommunications policy or duplicate passion for life that she has always carried munity involvement in Cleveland made him an the regulatory expertise of other agencies. with her, and her family and friends are all for- ideal candidate to serve as President of the Third, incumbent carriers would not have tunate to be able to share in a life as rich and Cuyahoga County District Board of Health. His been subject to many of the requirements they varied as hers. leadership, vision and genuine concern for the now face. By this bill, we limit regulation in the Mr. Speaker, it is with great pleasure that I people of Cuyahoga County have led the de- broadband segment of the industry, but we bring to the attention of this body of Congress partment to be a leader in public health issues leave in place many regulatory requirements the life and spirit of such an incredible woman. statewide. On behalf of the residents of Cuya- imposing on carriers duties they do not have She has lived her life with extraordinary pas- hoga County and the city of Cleveland I would under the antitrust laws. sion and kindness, and possesses an innate like to express sincere gratitude to the years Fourth, as courts reached different and in- ability to brighten and invigorate the lives of of devoted service by James M. Smith. consistent conclusions in different cases, those around her. She is truly an inspiration to I ask my colleagues to join me in rising to chaos would reign in an infrastructure industry all of us, and I, along with the many people honor this truly remarkable public servant for critical to our economy and our nation’s secu- whose lives she has touched, am honored to his distinguished years of service to the Cleve- rity. recognize her tremendous accomplishment in land community. Fifth, we would bog down the deregulatory reaching her one-hundredth birthday, and f process through the protracted process of more importantly, her passion for life and in- antitrust litigation in which cases often drag domitable human spirit. H.R. 1542, THE INTERNET FREEDOM out for many years and, in some cases, dec- f AND BROADBAND DEPLOYMENT ades. ACT RECOGNIZING JOHN PLACK AS The 1996 Act assigns responsibility for TOP STUDENT VOLUNTEER IN working out the difficult details of interconnec- PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL’S SPIR- HON. RICK BOUCHER tion and other transitional arrangements to pri- IT OF COMMUNITY AWARDS OF VIRGINIA vate parties, state regulators, and the FCC. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Antitrust laws are not expanded or diminished in any way by the 1996 Act or this Act. Among HON. CAROLYN McCARTHY Wednesday, March 6, 2002 OF NEW YORK the antitrust laws preserved by the savings IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. BOUCHER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in clause in the Managers’ Amendment are the full support of the Tauzin-Dingell bill, H.R. well-crafted and carefully applied judicial doc- Wednesday, March 6, 2002 1542. Included as a part of that bill by means trines that govern the manner through which Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York. Mr. Speak- of the Manager’s Amendment is an antitrust antitrust courts coordinate their activities with er, I rise in recognition of John Plack, my con- savings clause. This is an important addition those of the regulatory agencies to avoid po- stituent from New Hyde Park who has been to the bill and the authors, the Chairman of tential incompatibilities that might otherwise chosen as a top student volunteer in Pruden- the Committee on Energy and Commerce and occur. We did not expand or diminish the anti- tial Financial’s Spirit of Community Awards, a the Chairman of the Committee on the Judici- trust laws, or the manner in which the courts nationwide program honoring young people for ary, are to be congratulated on the develop- apply those laws, when we enacted the Tele- outstanding acts of volunteerism. John is one ment of this amendment. communications Act of 1996. We will not do of only nine students from New York chosen Regulatory and antitrust laws serve different so now by enacting this Act. for this award. He will receive an engraved functions. This amendment recognizes and f bronze Distinguished Finalist medallion in the embraces that fact as it preserves the antitrust Prudential Spirit of Community Award cere- laws and it indicates that these laws are not PAYING TRIBUTE TO CLARA mony. affected by H.R. 1542, the Telecommuni- HORAN John is a sixteen-year-old junior at New cations Act of 1996, nor the Communications Hyde Park Memorial High School. John’s Act of 1934. Second, and equally important, is HON. SCOTT McINNIS project was to create the ‘‘Children Helping the fact that it does not overrule nor affect any OF COLORADO Children Remembrance Quilt.’’ He headed the court case interpreting those laws including IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES worldwide effort to make remembrance quilts the Goldwasser case. The savings clause pre- Wednesday, March 6, 2002 from squares displaying personalized mes- serves this case law as well. Third, when the sages of condolence and hope for children af- savings clause uses the term antitrust laws, Mr. McINNIS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to fected by the September 11 terrorist attacks. such term includes antitrust defenses and im- take this opportunity to honor a woman whose Thanks to John our community will always munities. passion for life and whose incredible human remember the support and help given by the Congress and the courts have recognized spirit is an inspiration to us all. Clara Horan, world to New York during a desperate time. how ill-equipped antitrust courts are to serve a Colorado resident of almost sixty years, who Children everywhere will always be aware of as regulatory agencies. That’s why the 1996 will soon achieve an extraordinary milestone, the contributions made by many to a city in Act replaced judicial supervision under the celebrating her one-hundredth birthday with need. Our community can rest assured that its AT&T consent decree with regulatory super- four generations of her friends and family. future is in good hands with people like John vision of the process through which competi- Clara was born on April 11, 1902 in Elba, demonstrating outstanding public service. tion in the telecom industry would be jump- Nebraska. She was raised by her parents, The awards, presented by Prudential Finan- started. If we had simply abolished the AT&T Peter and Katherine Andrzejewski, on a cattle, cial in partnership with the National Associa- consent decree and left all these details to corn and wheat farm with her eight brothers tion of Secondary School Principals, honor antitrust enforcement agencies, private liti- and sisters. On December 7, 1921, Clara mar- young people for outstanding community serv- gants, and the courts, five bad results would ried Lloyd Horan of Cotesfield, Nebraska. The ice. This year, a record 28,000 youth volun- have occurred. couple relocated to Mesa, Colorado in 1943, teers across the country were considered for First, the courts would have been flooded and then moved to Clifton, Colorado five years these awards. with regulatory tasks they are not suited to later. Her friends and family fondly refer to her John’s ideas and creativity show his vision handle. It was a formidable task having one as ‘‘Grandma.’’ and determination to make the world a better federal judge trying to micromanage the tele- Incredibly, Clara is the matriarch of a family place. It is refreshing to see such a young per- communications industry under a consent de- that includes 3 children, 8 grandchildren, 16 son with such a mature outlook and it bodes

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.015 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E284 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 well for our future generations. I applaud John plication lessons that follow, encourage stu- sen’s Armstrong Stables houses two of Mr. for his hard work, generosity and leadership. dents to examine these character traits, and Monroe’s horses in exchange for maintenance Long Island is proud to commend such a tal- inspire them to embrace and integrate those work. All three of his horses, Max, Gumby, ented young individual. traits into their own lives. It is a winning for- and Impact, were donated when his first horse We are fortunate to have John Plack in mula. died. This generosity shows how warmly re- Nassau County. The Heart of a Champion program, has al- ceived and appreciated Mr. Monroe is in the f ready received the endorsement of several community. key national community and educational Mr. Speaker, I rise to commend Tony Mon- HEART OF A CHAMPION PROGRAM groups, and their representatives will meet roe for his community service and dedication with members of the Department of Education to helping those in need. I encourage my col- HON. KAY GRANGER later this month. I believe there is nothing else leagues to join me in wishing Mr. Monroe OF TEXAS like this program available for schools today. I many more years of continued success. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES am in full support of this program and believe it will have a dramatic impact. f Wednesday, March 6, 2002 President Bush has repeatedly said that PERSONAL EXPLANATION Ms. GRANGER. Mr. Speaker, each of us character education in our nation’s schools is shudders in horror when we hear about a of great importance in this day. He is aware school shooting or about the drug and alcohol that each year, 10 million school kids abuse HON. XAVIER BECERRA abuse that haunts our youth. We immediately alcohol or drugs; that 65 percent of youth in OF CALIFORNIA want to do something—perhaps draft new leg- school say they are sexually active by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES islation—something, anything, that will make 12th grade; and that 80 percent admit to Wednesday, March 6, 2002 things ‘‘safe’’ for our children and grand- cheating in school. We know there is a prob- children. lem that needs our attention. I believe that Mr. BECERRA Mr. Speaker, on Tuesday, As a former teacher with three children of character education programs like Heart of a March 5, 2002, I was unable to cast my floor my own, I know the anxiety and anguish that Champion are a solution for this generation. vote on roll call number 47, on the Motion to students and their parents often experience in My fellow members of the House, we all Suspend the Rules and Agree, as Amended to facing the world today—it can be a very scary agree our young people are the most valuable H. Con. Res. 305, a Resolution Permitting the place. asset we have for our nation’s future. That is Use of the Rotunda of the Capitol for a Cere- So, last December, I sponsored a Safe why I believe the Heart of a Champion pro- mony to Present a Gold Medal on Behalf of Schools Summit in Fort Worth, Texas. Five gram is so necessary for our country at this Congress to Former President Ronald Reagan hundred middle school and high school stu- time. This program will provide our kids with and his wife Nancy Reagan. dents from across my district participated in the character our society so desperately Had I been present for the vote, I would this 3-hour session. They were students of all needs; will give them direction for the future, have voted ‘‘aye’’ on roll call vote 47. races and backgrounds, male and female. The and will create champions in our schools, f purpose of this summit was to hear directly homes, and communities—young men and from the students about how they felt in their women of character who will become leaders CALIFORNIA UNIVERSITY OF schools. It was an amazing day, and the stu- for the next generation. But that can only hap- PENNSYLVANIA INTERMODAL dents produced some remarkable and some- pen if leaders like you and I show our young TERMINAL FUNDING what surprising results. people that we truly care about them, by get- Today, I want to talk about what the stu- ting behind this program and helping to see HON. FRANK MASCARA dents said about character education. The stu- that no young person is ‘‘left behind’’ in the OF PENNSYLVANIA dents told me that they would feel safer at development of their character. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their schools if there were greater attention to Mr. Speaker, I invite all of my colleagues to the development of character in those schools. get to know the Heart of a Champion program. Wednesday, March 6, 2002 We found that students overwhelmingly sup- I am confident that you will see the powerful Mr. MASCARA. Mr. Speaker, I submit to the port character education in their school, by impact it can have on the youth of your cities RECORD a letter I have sent to Secretary Nor- nearly 80%. I knew that parents and educators and counties. Today, it is impacting my dis- man Mineta of the U.S. Department of Trans- were supportive of quality character education trict. Tomorrow, with your help and support, it portation. My letter is to clarify to the D.O.T. programs, but I learned through that gathering could make a difference in yours. the intended use of an earmark I requested in of students that, these young people also f TEA 21 for an intermodal transportation ter- know that character is the critical element for minal on the campus of California University of COMMENDING TONY MONROE creating safer schools. Yes, there are me- Pennsylvania. I requested that earmark in chanical and physical elements of a safe order to fund an intermodal facility that would school, but these students identified a HON. GEORGE RADANOVICH help connect the main campus to the new ‘‘human’’ element of safe schools, and char- OF CALIFORNIA campus over one mile away. Now, the cam- acter is a critical aspect of that element. To IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pus has an exciting opportunity to create a low simplify, these students know that in order to Wednesday, March 6, 2002 speed magnetic levitation system connection have safe schools, we must have safe stu- Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise between the two campuses and this inter- dents. today to recognize Tony Monroe for his com- modal facility would be a vital part of the sys- On February 4th, what I believe will be one mitment to his community through service to tem. of the most effective character education pro- disadvantaged youth and gang members in HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, grams in the nation was launched in my dis- the Fresno area. Mr. Monroe rides a horse in Washington, DC, March 6, 2002. trict. The Heart of a Champion character de- some of the roughest neighborhoods and en- Hon. NORMAN MINETA, velopment program is a one-of-a-kind cur- courages those he encounters to find a better Secretary, U.S. Department of Transportation, riculum that combines video, and audio, with a Washington, DC. way of life. DEAR SECRETARY MINETA: I write to clarify print curriculum, to reach today’s ‘‘sight and Mr. Monroe has made numerous personal the intended use of funding I have obtained sound’’ generation on a year-round basis. sacrifices to continue his service. Previously, for an important project in my district. Over Heart of a Champion’s founder, Steve Riach, he was a Fresno reserve police officer and a the years I have been working with Cali- has created a comprehensive in-class pro- Santa Cruz County deputy sheriff. Now, he of- fornia University of Pennsylvania officials gram to reinforce positive character traits and fers the children and youth a chance to feed to acquire funding for a much needed inter- virtues, and demonstrate examples of persons his horse and talk about God, gangs, and life modal facility on the campus. Consequently, with high character to students in our schools. in general. A young Fresnan met Tony six I have secured a $1 million TEA–21 earmark Using positive role models, the Heart of a years ago when he was an angry and violent and other related earmarks for the Univer- sity to construct an intermodal facility/ Champion program tells the stories of widely street fighter. This young man credits Mr. transportation improvement project. known athletes—stories that demonstrate vir- Monroe with helping him get his life turned My intent for funding the intermodal facil- tues such as commitment, perseverance, in- around. ity was to support a people-mover system to tegrity, courage, honesty, discipline, responsi- The community has also responded by help- connect the main university campus to the bility and fairness. These stories, and the ap- ing Tony with supplies and assistance. Jen- new auxiliary campus in the Roadman Park

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.018 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E285 area. This area is approximately 1.25 miles IN HONOR OF DANIEL PEARL Carol later received an e-mail from Kath- away on a mountain ridge above the main leen Donnelly, a former Weekly reporter and campus and the fastest growing area of the Mercury News writer, now living in Seattle, university. Ultimately, this area will house HON. ANNA G. ESHOO which confirmed: That is our Danny. over 750 students and be the location of the OF CALIFORNIA He was so good-natured when he was here University’s Sports Complex. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that it is hard to envision him as a hard- This people-mover transportation system Wednesday, March 6, 2002 edged hard-news reporter. But that’s what he is critical to the intermodal center and the has been and what he has been doing, chasing University’s Master Plan, which identifies a Ms. ESHOO. Mr. Speaker, on February 21, a difficult story in a dangerous place. need to demonstrate a safe transportation 2002, the world learned of the horrific and Eight journalists have already been killed connection between these parcels of land. senseless murder of Wall Street Journal re- trying to cover the mess in Afghanistan, be- California University of Pennsylvania offi- porter Daniel Pearl. An extraordinary American cause they wanted to ‘‘get the story.’’ cials have had extensive discussions with the and a courageous and talented journalist, I have a lavish photo book, ‘‘Requiem,’’ Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Pearl was killed in the pursuit of truth. Ab- about the Vietnam War, the war of my and the General Atomics Urban Maglev team ducted in Karachi, Pakistan, Pearl was inves- youth, the war I marched against. In it are to demonstrate the urban Maglev people- the photos of photographers who died cov- mover technology. I am fully supportive of tigating potential connections between alleged ering the wars in Southeast Asia, 135 of this initiative which is consistent with the shoe-bomber Richard Reid and radical fun- them. intent of the original earmarks that I ob- damentalists in Pakistan. His death represents I don’t know if I would have had the cour- tained for the intermodal facility at Cali- a tragedy not only for his wife Marianne, now age to do what Danny Pearl was doing. But fornia University of Pennsylvania. seven months pregnant, and their family, but I sense the desire to get the story. He wanted Any Federal earmarks referencing the for all humanity. to know—which is what drives all good jour- California University of Pennsylvania inter- Daniel Pearl’s murder left an indelible mark nalists. modal project should address the Urban on the world of journalism. A colleague who He and his wife were expecting their first Maglev people-mover demonstration project. had the privilege of knowing Pearl is Don child when he was kidnapped, adding to the All costs incurred to date and any cost in- pathos. Now that baby will grow up without curred in the future as part of this project Kazak, a highly respected senior staff writer ever knowing his or her father. should be considered eligible. and former editor of the Palo Alto Weekly. It As a reporter, it has been bred deep within I am a strong supporter of this important was at the Weekly that Pearl, then a student me not ever to take sides. I’m just a re- project, and am firmly committed to bring- at Stanford University, began his career in porter, trying to make sense of what I see ing a Maglev system to the campus of Cali- journalism as an Editorial Intern during the and hear for our readers. But no one can fornia University of Pennsylvania. spring of 1984. make sense of his death. Sincerely, Mr. Speaker, I respectfully submit for the Now, it turns out he was killed not just be- cause he was an American reporter, but be- FRANK MASCARA, RECORD a tribute to Daniel Pearl written by Member of Congress. Don Kazak and published in the Palo Alto cause he was also a Jew. Sometimes I think people who ignore Weekly on February 27, 2002. I share it with what’s going on the world around them have f my colleagues who I’m sure will find it as an easier time, because they don’t have to poignant and instructive as I did. PAYING TRIBUTE TO HOWARD feel for what is happening. But some things [From the Palo Alto Weekly, Feb. 27, 2002] touch even the people once removed, reading ROLAND a newspaper or watching the news on TV. OUR TOWN: ‘‘IS THAT OUR DANNY?’’ This was one of those times. HON. SCOTT McINNIS (By Don Kazak) When the World Trade Center towers col- There is always distance between us and lapsed, it was a tragedy for thousands of peo- OF COLORADO what we read in the newspaper or watch on ple and their families, friends, co-workers, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the evening news. all of us. There is still one photo which These are usually events happening far Wednesday, March 6, 2002 haunts me, taken on the fly by a Magnum away, which don’t touch us. photographer who didn’t see what he shot Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, it is with pro- The Sept. 11 terrorist attacks touched until he looked at his film later. found sadness that I rise today to recognize many, and shocked, angered or numbed the In the photo, there are dozens of people the life and contributions of the former County nation, but for most there was still a dis- outside the windows of the upper floors of tance. As much as I felt for what happened, Commissioner and livestock auctioneer How- one of the World Trade Center towers, fires it was other people, somewhere else. billowing below them. They were there, look- ard Roland. His life-long dedication to both his And then I heard about Wall Street Jour- ing out of the building, and they all died. job and the people of Mesa County is nal Danny Pearl being captured by a radical That was impersonal, because it was just Islamist group. He had been a reporter for matched only by the level of integrity and hon- people in the photo, none of whom I knew. the Journal for 12 years. It was a big, inter- esty with which he conducted himself each And then there was the photo of Danny national news story—but it touched me deep- and every day. As his family mourns his loss, Pearl with a gun to his head, killed for try- ly and personally, along with others at the I think it is appropriate to remember Howard ing to get the story. Weekly and at Stanford University. and pay tribute to him for his many contribu- Pearl was based in Pakistan and had trav- tions to his community. eled to Karachi, which is kind of the Wild f Howard began his service to Mesa County West of Pakistan, to interview radical as County Commissioner in 1975. He served Islamists. INTRODUCTION OF A BILL CON- in this position with dedication and distinction Then there was the photo of him sitting CERNING AGENT-DRIVERS AND until 1979. Howard was also renowned head bowed, hands tied, with a gun to his COMMISSION-DRIVERS throughout the region for his honesty and in- head. Like many of the rest of rest of us, I have tegrity as an auctioneer. Using these qualities a hard time putting a label on what is right HON. PHILIP M. CRANE and his extraordinary knowledge of the stock or wrong. Maybe I’ve covered too many sto- OF ILLINOIS show business, Howard opened the Grand ries for too many years. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Junction Livestock center in 1966. Howard will The Weekly has employed editorial interns be remembered by his community as a hum- for many years. They are basically low-paid Wednesday, March 6, 2002 ble man who was dedicated to both his work college help to get some newspaper experi- Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, I rise to an- as a civil servant and as an auctioneer. ence as part of their education. These have nounce the introduction of legislation that will been mostly terrific kids, bright and eager. Mr. Speaker, it is my privilege to pay tribute We’ve had so many interns over the years clarify the rules for determining whether cer- to Howard Roland for his contributions to the that they kind of blur together for me. tain agent-drivers and commission-drivers are Mesa County community. He was known for But I remember Danny, Stanford class of employees for the purpose of FICA and FUTA his kind heart and gentle demeanor, which he 1985. He had a bright smile and was obviously taxes. Under present law, the determination of displayed throughout his life. His dedication to very talented. He’s one of those I distinctly whether a worker is an employee or an inde- his fellow man certainly deserves the recogni- remember, and I recoiled at the image of him pendent contractor for Federal tax purposes is with a gun to his head. tion of this body of Congress and this nation. I was the editor of the Weekly when Pearl determined under a common law facts and cir- I would like to extend my thoughts and deep- was an intern, and when the news broke cumstances test. An employer-employee rela- est sympathies to Howard’s family and friends about his capture Carol Blitzer, an editor tionship generally exists if the person con- during this time of remembrance and bereave- then and now, asked me, ‘‘Is that our tracting for the services has the right to control ment. Danny?’’ not only the result to be accomplished by the

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.024 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E286 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 services, but also the means and details by IN HONOR OF INTERNATIONAL To now cut payment rates 5 percent for four which the result is accomplished. WOMEN’S DAY years will, without question, force early retire- Under a special statutory rule in section ments among physicians who are primarily 3121(d)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, HON. SAM FARR serving our seniors, or force physicians to limit agent-drivers and commission-drivers, who are OF CALIFORNIA the number of Medicare patients they serve. independent contractors but are engaged in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES More seriously, in the long run under-reim- bursing our doctors in yet another public distributing meat, vegetable, bakery, beverage Wednesday, March 6, 2002 (other than milk) products, or laundry or dry- health care program will discourage the top Mr. FARR of California. Mr. Speaker, Inter- quality students medicine has traditionally at- cleaning services, are treated as ‘‘statutory national Women’s Day began in our Nation. It tracted and erode the world famous quality of employees’’ solely for FICA and FUTA tax pur- was not a gift from Members of Congress, nor American medicine. poses if (1) their services are part of a con- from the well-clothed captains of industry, but Today, I am introducing legislation that tinuing relationship with the person for whom rather a victory achieved by the women who would implement the recommendations of the services are performed; (2) the distributor’s sewed the suits they wore. It was these Medicare Payment Advisory Commission service contract contemplates that he or she women, garment workers, who went on strike (MedPAC) and reform Medicare’s doctor pay- will perform substantially all of the services March 8, 1857, demanding the bread of eco- ment formula. The bill repeals the Sustainable personally; and (3) the distributor does not nomic security and the roses of a better life. Growth Rate (SGR) system that has resulted have a substantial investment in facilities used At an international conference held fifty- in unpredictable payment increases and cuts. in performance of services, excluding facilities three years later, German socialist Clara If left in place, the present SGR system is pro- used for transportation. Zetkin asked for an international women’s day jected to cut physician payments by more than In a reversal of its long-standing ruling posi- to mark the strike of the garment workers in 20 percent over the next several years. My bill tion, the IRS issued GCM 39853 in 1991, the United States. Her request was met with increases payments to physicians by 2.5 per- which held that investments in distribution unanimous support, and International Wom- cent in 2003 and ties future updates to an rights and territories were akin to investments en’s Day was born. index similar to the Medicare Economic Index, in the intangible assets of education, training, More than 11,000 babies will be born in our making the system for adjusting physician and experience. The legislative history to sec- Nation today. These children will eventually in- payments similar to that for adjusting Medicare tion 3121(d)(3) had indicated that investments herit many of the problems the Federal Gov- payments to other providers. While much work in education, training, and experience were ernment strives to solve. To prepare them to remains to be done to understand and man- not to be treated as investments in ‘‘facilities.’’ assume responsibility for progressive govern- age the cost of this common-sense reform, ra- The GCM analogized an investment in a dis- ment leadership, we must ensure their health, tional payment rates are essential to maintain- tribution right or territory to an investment in give them adequate nutrition, educate them, ing the quality of Medicare. education, training, and experience, and ac- allow them equal opportunities, and inspire I am committed to providing physicians with cordingly concluded that an investment in a them with knowledge of the accomplishments a more stable, predictable, and fair payment distribution right or territory was not to be con- which generations of women have contributed formula. Absent such reform, we will short- sidered an investment in ‘‘facilities.’’ This re- to the world. change our physicians and threaten both ac- versal has created much uncertainty, particu- And so, as we celebrate International Wom- cess to care and quality of care for our sen- larly in the baking industry, with respect to en’s Day this Saturday, we must recommit iors. independent contractor drivers, who have ourselves to the betterment of the lives of and f made substantial investments in their busi- equal opportunities for our daughters, our HONORING 2002 MEN AND WOMEN nesses and have been paying Social Security wives, our sisters, and our mothers. We do OF HEART GALA HONOREES taxes with their federal tax returns. While the this to honor all women, and especially those IRS may contend that the GCM is no longer on strike during the early spring of 1857, who in force, I believe that it is being applied by remind us of our capacity to improve our lives HON. NICK LAMPSON various field agents. and the lives of those around us. OF TEXAS f For example, at least four companies have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES endured prolonged audits in which the IRS THE PRESERVING PATIENT Wednesday, March 6, 2002 challenged the status of bakery drivers based ACCESS TO PHYSICIANS ACT Mr. LAMPSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to on the GCM. In each of those audits, the IRS honor the 2002 Men and Women of Heart agreed that bakery drivers were independent HON. NANCY L. JOHNSON Gala honorees. The honorees have dedicated contractors under the common law test, but OF CONNECTICUT themselves to their communities and to serv- sought to treat them as statutory employees IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ice. I am proud to represent them here in by ignoring their substantial investment in Washington. The recipients are: Anita Wednesday, March 6, 2002 ownership of their routes. Fogtman, Colin Fox, Norman Frede, Kathleen This is not only an unfair result, but has Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speak- Harlan, Bette Johnson, Bill Lowes, Victor caused great confusion in the bakery industry. er, on the first of this year, a 5.4 percent Maria, Floyd H. Myers, Charlotte Tetter, and This amendment attempts to clear up that across-the-board Medicare payment cut went Paula Orcutt Thomas. confusion and correct that inequity. into effect for doctors caring for seniors. Under These citizens were presented this award the present payment system, further deep cuts for their committed and caring service to their An investment in a distribution night or terri- are in store for the future. In some areas of fellow Texans, and have helped make their tory specifically and directly relates to, facili- the country doctors are no longer accepting communities better places for all. tates, and is used in the performance of the new Medicare patients because payments no f distribution services in question. In contrast, longer fairly recognize the changing health education, training, and experience have a care needs of today’s seniors nor the increas- NEWLY RELEASED DOCUMENTS more general, attenuated, and indirect rela- ingly complex and difficult environment doctors SHOW PERSECUTION OF BELIEV- tionship to distribution services. Accordingly, must work under. ERS BY CHINESE GOVERNMENT my bill will clarify the statute to reflect Con- With malpractice insurance skyrocketing, gressional intent that an investment in facilities nursing costs rising, diagnostic and treatment HON. FRANK R. WOLF can include an investment in a distribution options expanding rapidly, and paperwork bur- OF VIRGINIA night or territory, in contrast to an investment dens exploding, these cuts are unjustifiable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in education, training, and experience. Thus, and unfair! They result from an arbitrary for- an independent contractor driver who is en- mula that ignores the real costs of providing Wednesday, March 6, 2002 gaged in distributing meat, vegetable, bakery, health care. According to the American Med- Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, an organization beverage (other than milk) products, or laun- ical Association, Medicare payments to doc- called the Committee for Investigation on Per- dry or dry-cleaning services and who has a tors have increased only 18.5 percent in the secution in China has compiled an unparal- substantial investment in his or her distribution last 10 years, an average of 1.1 percent per leled trove of documents concerning religious fight or territory will not be treated as a statu- year, which pales in comparison to the sky- persecution by authorities of the People’s Re- tory employee. rocketing costs of providing health care. public of China (PRC). The organization’s

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.029 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E287 president, Li Shixiong, has compiled an exten- chive but has not examined its contents. He fared better. Ye Xiaowen, the head of the Re- sive archive that documents some 22,000 tes- says the documents indicate the ‘‘degree of ligious Affairs Bureau, toured the United timonies about persecution of Christians in seriousness’’ with which China approaches States last year. Ye claimed that the govern- unregistered religious groups. ‘‘They see the ment had initiated a ‘‘golden time’’ for reli- China. This archive also contains court tran- unregistered groups as a national security gion. China’s president, Jiang Zemin, re- scripts, internal PRC government documents threat.’’ cently told a U.S. congressional delegation and photographs. Li and the New York committee believe in Beijing, ‘‘I am looking forward to seeing a The work of the Committee for Investigation that going public with the archive will build church on one side of every village and a on Persecution in China provides a unique in- international political pressure on China’s mosque on the other side.’’ sight into how the PRC persecutes and impris- leaders to end their repression of religion. During the second week of December, top ons people of faith, and restricts religious free- Fulton foresees the government searching communist leaders gathered in Beijing to for those who leaked the documents. He also discuss religion policy. Jiang led off with a dom throughout the country. expects more crackdowns. But, he says, ‘‘The speech declaring, ‘‘The influence of religion Attached for our colleagues is a copy of an long-term response to the release of these on political and social lives in today’s world article about the work of the Committee for In- papers will be good.’’ should never be underestimated.’’ vestigation on Persecution in China that ap- A SENSITIVE TIME In lower-profile gatherings, however, the peared in the March 11, 2002, issue of the The revelation of the archive comes at a talk tilts toward intensive surveillance of re- magazine Christianity Today. sensitive time for China. Political leaders ligion, according to Li’s archival materials. In a speech, a local public security official in [From Christianity Today, Mar. 11, 2002] say that the nation of 1.3 billion people faces wrenching changes related to its entrance charge of religion quoted Hu Jintao, likely ‘‘NEW’’ CHINA: SAME OLD TRICKS into the World Trade Organization (WTO) to be the next leader of China, on the proper TOP COMMUNISTS, DESPITE THEIR DENIALS, EN- last December. WTO membership will lower approach to a ‘‘cult’’: ‘‘Watch and follow its DORSE ARREST AND TORTURE OF CHINESE trade barriers, enabling China to compete for direction and deal with it by law at the prop- CHRISTIANS BY THE THOUSANDS trade on a more level playing field. Certain er time.’’ As the orders filter down, local (By Tony Carnes) parts of China’s economy, such as high tech, leaders often act aggressively. A provincial A Chinese Christian refugee in New York, are expected to do well. Others, such as the security chief says, ‘‘Talk less and smash the working with Christians in China, has com- inefficient and subsidized industrial and ag- cult quietly.’’ Li’s archive documents how the anti-cult piled an extensive new archive documenting ricultural sectors, may be pummeled. Mil- campaign was quickly broadened to include brutal religious persecution that has caused lions of unskilled laborers could be thrown many well-known Protestant groups. In just more than 100 deaths and thousands of inju- out of work. one example, on August 18, 2001, authorities ries. Seeking to maintain its grip on society, Activist Li Shi-xiong, head of the New the Chinese government since 1999 has been raided three offices of the South China York City-based Committee for Investiga- waging a campaign against ‘‘cults,’’ such as Church. They arrested 14 people, using fists tion on Persecution of Religion in China, be- the Falun Gong movement. (Falun Gong ad- and electric clubs to obtain accusations lieves these documents establish that com- herents use physical exercise as a spiritual against the pastor. ‘‘The central government is defining whole munist rulers at the highest levels take an discipline.) China’s officials are trying now groups as targets of extreme measures,’’ says active role in persecuting house-church to eliminate what they consider undesirable Hamrin, who produced the U.s. State Depart- Christians. In the past, top leaders in China movement, because WTO membership will ment’s first annual reports on religious free- have blamed repression on overzealous local bring additional international pressure on dom and persecution in China. For example, China to improve its poor record on human officials. more than 300 Chinese associated with the The New York committee timed its unveil- rights. ‘‘[China’s] officials spell out that the Falun Gong movement have died while in ing of the archive to influence President anti-cult campaign is a preparation for the China’s custody. further opening of society because of China Bush during his February trip to China. Increasingly, groups are targeted not just The archive is a 10-foot-high stack of 22,000 joining the World Trade Organization,’’ for breaking civil laws on registration and testimonies about persecution of Chinese Hamrin says. But, Fulton adds, ‘‘There are in holding unauthorized meetings, but for their Christians. It includes court transcripts, in- fact a lot of cult groups that are doing bad beliefs and religious doctrine. The govern- things.’’ ternal government documents, and photo- ment, the archive shows, especially dislikes Says Eric Burklin, president of Colorado- graphs. Experts call it the largest collection preaching about ‘‘the end of the world’’ or based China Partner, ‘‘China wants to have a ever assembled on the persecuted church in teaching that ‘‘the Lord can heal a person of positive image with the rest of the world. China. disease.’’ The government can’t really discern the ‘‘The secret documents alone are ex- According to the archive, the Ministry of cults from the non-cults because [China’s top tremely rare and incredibly important,’’ says Public Security spells out five characteris- leaders] are atheistic.’’ Carol Hamrin, a star China analyst who re- tics of a cult, ranging from the clearly de- The archive makes it clear that repression cently retired from the State Department. fined ‘‘deifying its top leader’’ to the grab of religion is official state policy at the high- The mammoth collection, which Li calls a bag of ‘‘stirring up and deceiving others.’’ est levels—not merely a local and sporadic ‘‘truth bomb,’’ includes 5,000 detailed testi- (See ‘‘What China’s Secret Documents Re- phenomenon, as China usually claims. In the monies of Chinese Christians describing veals’’) documents, officials say the cults are ‘‘soak- their arrests, interrogations, and jailings. The documents show that officials are es- ing into’’ and weakening the foundations of Many account include photographs of the pecially wary of unregistered church groups state authority. Officials link rising reli- persecuted believers, including injuries they that attempt to link with other unregistered suffered while in custody. Some case files in- gious influence to the increased influence of groups. In such cases, the archive shows, of- clude official arrest and court records. The Western cultural values of democracy and ficials are returning to the fierce battles largest number of testimonies comes from equality. from the era of Mao Zedong, China’s first In public, Chinese leaders are vague on central Henan Province, where persecution communist ruler, from 50 years ago. This has what actually constitutes a cult. ‘‘Cults are has dramatically escalated since 1999. Li’s led to tremendous abuses. In April 2000, offi- not religions,’’ Premier Zhu Rong Ji said in group has also collected partial reports on cials put Peter Xu’s Born Again Movement a December meeting on religion. Critics say 17,000 others, mostly Christians, persecuted on their cult list. Officials set quotas for ar- this approach allows authorities to crack for their religious beliefs. rests, putting pressure on local police to ob- Li is also documenting the cases of 117 reli- down on any groups they do not like—includ- tain confessions. Police often beat, slap, and gious people who have died while in official ing many house churches. These churches use electric shocks to obtain those confes- custody, 700 who have been put in labor typically do not register with the govern- sions. camps, and 550 who are wanted by the police ment-sponsored Three-Self Patriotic Move- Leaders of the large South China Church but are in hiding. He is also investigating 300 ment. organization also have been hit hard by re- police officers accused of being especially While there is no consensus on the number cent arrests. A document from a police offi- abusive. of Christians in China, Operation World esti- cial in the provincial religion office hints Freedom House’s Nina Shea has written mates the presence of 45 million people in that poorly trained police in Hebei Province that Li’s archive is a ‘‘tremendous work.’’ house churches and another 40 million mem- are resorting to abusive interrogation meth- Shea, a member of the U.S. Commission on bers and adherents in the official church. ods instead of quiet information-gathering. International Religious Freedom, marvels at There are about 12 million Catholics in The archive reveals several recent cases of Li’s ‘‘dedication to the cause of religious China, in both state and unofficial groups. local police trying to bribe the families of freedom and his amazing work in the docu- Hamrin, who favors improving trade rela- people they had killed under interrogation. mentation of so many thousands of cases of tions with China, says that this latest gov- Leaders of the South China Church report, the persecution of China’s Christians.’’ Free- ernment repression will worsen matters. ‘‘On July 20, 2001, we heard the news that Yu dom House, an advocacy organization found- ‘‘This massive campaign against millions of Zongju was tortured to death. The police did ed in 1941 by Eleanor Roosevelt, plans to their people will exacerbate social tensions’’ not inform her family until her body started make extensive use of the archive. AGGRESSIVE ACTIONS to smell. They asked her family to meet China scholar Brent Fulton, head of China In a recent public pronouncement, China’s them in a restaurant. They paid them $8,000 Source in Los Angeles, is aware of the ar- government declared that religion has never and warned them to keep quiet.’’

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.034 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E288 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 CHRISTIAN NETWORKS ‘‘MUTATE’’ Peace Corps. Arbie spent two unforgettable in his or her school to foster a more harmo- Last year, the Bush administration spon- years in Columbia with the Peace Corps. nious school environment. sored a resolution for the United Nations Arbie was born in Texas but raised in Albu- The event was almost entirely planned and Commission on Human Rights that con- querque, New Mexico. His mother, Amelia, coordinated by the executive council, which demned Beijing’s human rights record. Am- and his older brother, Gilbert, still live in New was co-chaired by Nicholas Ferguson of Eliza- nesty International reported in 2001 that beth, Colorado, and Challona Coleman of Au- China’s use of torture was widespread and Mexico. Arbie’s twin, Hilly, also moved to Cali- systematic. fornia like his brother to teach at Cal State Los rora, Colorado. To put together this year’s China analysts such as Hamrin say that Angeles. Arbie’s youngest brother, Albert, fol- conference, students from 22 schools met the Chinese government, wishing to improve lowed his beautiful Texan bride back to Texas. once a week to plan the one-day event that in- its image internationally, probably will re- Arbie was exuberant, well-prepared, good- cluded motivational speaker Michael Sim- spond favorably to pressure to improve looking, fun to be with, and curious about the mons, small-group discussions and more than human rights. world. He was so curious, in fact, that in order sixty workshops. Janet Sammons, a teacher at ‘‘China has really developed and they have to learn more about Italy, he married his Cherry Creek High School helped guide the tasted too much freedom to go back,’’ says Eric Burklin of China Partner. ‘‘There would Italian student Maria, his wife of 28 years. To- students into making this year’s conference an be major bloodshed if they tried to go back gether they enjoyed their friends, travels, ro- overwhelming success. to Maoist times.’’ mantic candlelight dinners in their patio, the I applaud the efforts of Colorado high school But Li’s archive shows that China’s emerg- theater, music, Victorian dances, and books students to improve relations between all peo- ing strategy for dealing with the house- that they read to each other. ple no matter their race, religion, or creed. As church movement is comprehensive and dif- Arbie was loved, admired and respected by stated in the Pledge of Allegiance, we are ficult for outsiders to counter. Officials gain his adoring students, the faculty and staff of ‘‘one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty access through informants, harass leaders, Valley College, and by his countless friends and justice for all.’’ block communication, and strip churches of I ask the House to join me in thanking high financial assets, including church buildings spread across two continents. Arbie’s illness and homes. and death hit the San Bernardino Valley Col- school students from across Colorado who The government notes in the documents lege campus very hard. During his hospitaliza- participated in the Colorado Cherry Creek Di- that house-church Christians already have a tion in September 2001, students organized a versity Conference, and also the executive means to resist these new efforts at repres- blood drive in his honor. More than 50 people committee for their hard work and success. sion. House-church leaders reportedly are donated blood while some people had to be f creating networks that constantly mutate. turned away because turnout was so high. Leaders communicate with wireless phones Arbie’s widow, Maria said that her husband PAYING TRIBUTE TO SANDRA and hard-to-trace Web sties. In response, the WILKINS government has begun building a national loved life and battled his disease coura- computer network known as the ‘‘Golden geously. While he was in Washington over the Shield’’ in order to conduct Internet surveil- summer, he developed pain in his lower back. HON. SCOTT McINNIS lance and information-gathering. Initially, this was the only symptom, and as he OF COLORADO Meanwhile, the impact of Li’s archives was a healthy man, he though it was just a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES promises to be seismic. ‘‘It’s a bombshell,’’ strained muscle until he was diagnosed with Wednesday, March 6, 2002 Shea says. kidney cancer. C f Arbie passed away on Wednesday, Feb- Mr. M INNIS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ruary 27, 2001 surrounded by his loving fam- take this opportunity to pay tribute to Sandra TRIBUTE TO ABELARDO ‘‘ARBIE’’ ily. The Villarreal family set up the Abelardo Wilkins and thank her for her extraordinary VILLARREAL ‘‘Arbie’’ Villarreal Memorial Scholarship Fund contributions in the Chaffee County Treas- for students at San Bernardino Valley College. urer’s Office. Her life-long dedication to both HON. JOE BACA Friday, March 8, 2001, the college will hold a her job and the people of Chaffee County is OF CALIFORNIA memorial service in his honor. matched only by the level of integrity and hon- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And so Mr. Speaker, I submit this loving esty with which she has conducted herself each and every day while at her post. She will Wednesday, March 6, 2002 memorial to be included in the archives of the history our country. It is men like Arbie who always be remembered as an employee with Mr. BACA. Mr. Speaker, today I pay tribute make this nation great. Arbie leaves a legacy the utmost dedication and talent, and will con- to the memory of a man who was very special of lives filled with education and enrichment of tinue to be known as a leader in her commu- to me and to the entire Inland Empire commu- knowledge for those whose lives he touched. nity. As she celebrates her retirement, let it be nity, Abelardo ‘‘Arbie’’ Villarreal, a longtime f known that I, along with each and every per- professor at San Bernardino Valley College. son with whom she has worked and the peo- Like a ray of sunshine, Arbie came to San TRIBUTE TO THE COLORADO ple of Chaffee County, are eternally grateful Bernardino Valley College (SBVC) in 1971 to CHERRY CREEK DIVERSITY CON- for all that she has accomplished in her more teach English, mainly to foreign students. A FERENCE than 30 years of public service. tall, thin, meticulously groomed man with Sandra went to work in the Chaffee County sharp, angular features and a ready smile, HON. BOB SCHAFFER Treasurer’s Office in 1971, working for John Arbie was easily recognized on campus. He OF COLORADO Hughes. After Mr. Hughes retired in 1986, was the first ESL teacher at SBVC, and he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Sandra ran successfully for the post of county was able to reach out to the community by es- treasurer, and was subsequently re-elected tablishing ties between the college and the Wednesday, March 6, 2002 three times. For over 30 years, Sandra has area’s rapidly growing Spanish-speaking popu- Mr. SCHAFFER. Mr. Speaker, it is an honor selflessly given her time, energy and unrelent- lation. to rise today to congratulate the Colorado ing commitment to the people of Chaffee Arbie was a great asset to Valley College Cherry Creek Diversity Conference Executive County, and although Chaffee County is no and was recognized as ‘‘Outstanding Pro- Council. On February 2, 2002 students from doubt sad to lose her services, everyone is fessor.’’ He was awarded a Fulbright Scholar- 79 schools attended the conference that was happy that she will now have more time to ship/Fellowship to teach abroad, which al- held at Cherry Creek High School in Engle- travel, relax, and enjoy her well-deserved re- lowed him to live and teach in Switzerland for wood, Colorado. tirement. two years. His knowledge of foreign languages The Cherry Creek Diversity Conference was Mr. Speaker, it is clear that Sandra Wilkins easily opened doors for him in Europe. He created as an opportunity for Colorado high is a woman of unparalleled dedication and spoke Spanish and Italian fluently and man- school students to come together and discuss commitment to both her professional endeav- aged in French and Portuguese. issues of diversity in their schools. Since the ors and the people of her community. It is her Last summer, Arbie was awarded a faculty first year, when 18 schools participated, the unrelenting passion for each and every thing fellowship to spend six marvelous weeks in conference has grown to include over 850 stu- she does, as well as her spirit of honesty and Washington, D.C. working at the US Depart- dent representatives from 79 high schools and integrity with which she has always conducted ment of Agriculture. He was surprised to re- 150 adult volunteers. The conference gives an herself, that I wish to bring before this body of unite with several friends now settled in Wash- annual Human Rights Award to a Colorado or- Congress. She is a remarkable woman, who ington who he met almost 40 years ago during ganization that promotes diversity, as well as has achieved extraordinary things in her ca- a training program to join the new and exciting a scholarship to one attendee who has worked reer and for her community. It is my privilege

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.037 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E289 to extend to her my congratulations on her re- HONORING THE NEW FAITH THE FUTURE OF SOCIAL tirement and wish her the best in her future CHURCH AND PASTOR T.R. WIL- SECURITY endeavors. LIAMS f HON. CAROLYN McCARTHY CONGRESS BEARS THE RESPONSI- HON. KEN BENTSEN OF NEW YORK BILITY TO ENSURE THE SOL- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES VENCY OF SOCIAL SECURITY OF TEXAS Wednesday, March 6, 2002 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mrs. McCARTHY of New York. Mr. Speaker, HON. ALCEE L. HASTINGS I rise to discuss the future of Social Security. Wednesday, March 6, 2002 OF FLORIDA Social Security is the basis of the American IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to con- worker’s retirement. Given the essential role it Wednesday, March 6, 2002 gratulate the New Faith Church located at plays for every generation, regardless of gen- Mr. HASTINGS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I 4315 West Fuqua Street, Houston, Texas, and der, race, or socioeconomic status, I believe rise today to join with my colleagues in ex- the Reverend Theodore Roosevelt (T.R.) Wil- all my colleagues join me in support of this pressing my concern about the Administra- liams, Sr., celebrating 25 years of service to program. Unfortunately, that is where our common tion’s budget and how it jeopardizes the Social the Houston community. Security Trust Fund. ground ends. I would like to begin by reminding my The New Faith Church was organized on We all know Social Security is in danger, friends that within the last year, the overall cu- February 27, 1977, as the New Faith Mis- and we all know something must be done. We mulative surplus has shrunk from $5.6 trillion sionary Baptist Church. Under the leadership just disagree as to how we can accomplish to about $1.6 trillion; this is a difference of ap- of its original and current pastor, the Reverend this difficult—yet necessary—task. proximately $4 trillion in one year. Also last T.R. Williams Sr., and an initial body of fifty- Each year, more Americans retire and begin month, the Administration expressed the need two members, adopted the church motto collection of Social Security, but not enough for legislation that would raise the statutory which came from Nehemiah 4:6, . . . ‘‘for the people are joining the workforce to supple- debt ceiling in order to prevent a national de- people had a mind to work.’’ Beginning in ment the depleting funds. We must find a way fault. Add the proposal to raid the Social Se- March 1977, services were held in Magnolia to finance the Social Security Trust Fund with- curity Trust Fund surplus into this mix, and we Lodge Masonic Hall at 2792 McGowen, and out cutting guaranteed benefits. have got a situation that the Democrats have less than one year later on January 15, 1978, I firmly believe investment is a critical part of been warning about and objecting to for the Pastor Williams and a membership of 142 en- the American worker’s future, but I don’t be- last year. tered New Faith’s present church home on lieve the government can promote investment Mr. Speaker, the war on terrorism and Fuqua. at the expense of current retirees. Today, as homeland security are very important, but so my generation approaches retirement age, is the economic well being of this country. We From its inception, New Faith’s priorities and we plan our finances for the future, I will support the Administration in the war on have been in accord with God’s directives, count on receiving Social Security benefits. terrorism, but we will oppose any legislation and members served the church through par- I don’t recommend the American public rely that disregards the economic well-being and ticipation in Bible Study, Deacons, Brother- solely on Social Security for their retirement. I future prosperity of our citizens. National secu- hood, Junior and Senior Missions, Junior and want every generation to think constructively rity and homeland security can be achieved Senior Usher Board, Adult, Youth and Sun- about their retirement by saving and investing without penalizing, Social Security and Medi- shine Choir, and Boy and Girl Scouting pro- money outside of Social Security. Since I want care. grams. New Faith also has a tape ministry my constituents to retire in comfort, I want to According to a Social Security primer pub- where quality cassette recordings of all wor- make sure their money is secure. That is why lished in September 2001 by the Congres- ship services and special programs are made I support pension reform legislation, why I be- sional Budget Office, over the next three dec- available at nominal cost. In addition, they lieve each and every American worker should ades, the number of people over 65 years of have a premarital course to assist engaged be actively involved in their finances, and why age will rise by 90 percent, whereas the num- couples in building a life together on a spiritual I know Social Security must be saved—not re- ber of people below 65 years of age will rise foundation and a leadership course to prepare placed by an alternative and faulty solution. by only 15 percent. This is a major demo- men as spiritual leaders both at home and at There is nothing to debate—if Congress graphic shift that will stretch the Social Secu- church. doesn’t do something to strengthen and fi- rity program to its fullest. nance Social Security, the trust fund will run In his budget for FY 2003, the President is Under the leadership of Reverend Williams, out in 2038. My colleagues and I are good at seeking more than $2 trillion in spending. This the congregation has grown to more than waiting until the last minute to solve a problem implies that for the rest of his term, the gov- 1,600 members with facilities on more than . . . but this isn’t one with which we should ernment will have to consistently dip into the ten acres of property. Reverend Williams is play political games. assisted by Reverend Drew E. Marshall, As- Social Security Trust Fund surplus to fund its f day to day operations. All this, despite the sistant Pastor; and the Minister of Music, Rev- promises made by the Administration last year erend Ronald J. Materre; Minister of Prison THE EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION to leave the Social Security surplus un- Care, Reverend Christopher Lumpkin; Minister EDUCATION ACT touched. It was in February 2001, in his ad- of Pastoral Care, Reverend Rosetta Whitfield; dress to the joint session of Congress, that the Minister of Christian Education, Reverend HON. LOUISE McINTOSH SLAUGHTER President stated that his budget will protect all Lekesha Barnett; Minister of Youth and Young OF NEW YORK $2.6 trillion of the Social Security surplus. Adults, Reverend Howard Earle; and Minister IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Other Republicans echoed the same promise. of Children, Sheryl Williams Edmonson. Addi- Wednesday, March 6, 2002 A promise that they are trying to break as we tionally, a number of dedicated and talented speak. With these facts blatantly staring us in individuals, both paid staff and volunteers, Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I am the face, we should be ensuring Social Secu- support the broader ministries and the de- pleased to introduce today, along with my rity benefits for the public and not dissolving mands of the church family through their day Senate colleague PATTY MURRAY, The Emer- gency Contraception Education Act. This bi- them. to day commitment and active involvement in It is true that the American citizens are con- partisan legislation will help educate women church operations. cerned about national and homeland security. and health care providers across the nation But, they are also concerned about their So- Mr. Speaker, I congratulate Pastor Williams about this important method of contraception. cial Security and Medicare benefits. We can- on his 25 years of service to the New Faith EC has often been called ‘‘the nation’s best not and should not accomplish one at the ex- Church and to all the members of New Faith kept secret’’ because so few women in this pense of the other. It is time to keep the prom- Church as they look back on 25 years of serv- country know that, in emergency situations, ises we made to the American public and en- ice to their community. I wish them continued something is available that can prevent preg- sure that the Social Security surplus is intact success as they build on the strong sense of nancy after sexual intercourse. for the benefit of the current and future work- community they have established in the city of It is estimated that almost 90 percent of force. Houston. women aged 18–44 have either never heard

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K06MR8.005 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E290 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 of emergency contraception, or don’t know the TRIBUTE TO LAVINIA M.C. Eastern Star Supreme Convention in Canton, key facts critical to the use of emergency con- HARTFIELD Ohio and is still serving in that position. traception. Only one percent of women aged Lavinia Hartfield has carried the principles of 18–44 have used emergency contraception. HON. DALE E. KILDEE Were information about this important contra- the International Free and Accepted Modern OF MICHIGAN Masons of charity, benevolence and education ceptive choice readily available, the incidence IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of abortion could be drastically reduced. Our into other areas of her life. As a member of legislation is an attempt to get this information Wednesday, March 6, 2002 the NAACP, The Urban League, and the to precisely the women and health care pro- Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Greater Flint Council of Churches she has fessionals who need it. offer congratulations to Mrs. Lavinia M.C. worked to bring charitable service to everyone One of the reasons this bill is so necessary Hartfield upon her retirement from the Inter- she meets. Honored by her peers, she was is because there is so much confusion sur- national Free and Accepted Modern Masons honored in 1975 by the Zeta Phi Beta Fra- and Order of the Eastern Star. Mrs. Hartfield rounding emergency contraception. EC is not ternal Sorority as the ‘‘Zeta Woman of the abortion; it is not RU–486; it is contraception. will be honored at the National Midwest Dis- Year.’’ Regardless of one’s position on abortion, we trict Convention to be held in Grand Rapids, should all be able to support emergency con- Michigan on March 9. Rooted in the Bible and Christian doctrine, traception. EC will reduce unintended preg- For the past 51 years Mrs. Hartfield has Mrs. Hartfield has returned her God-given mu- nancies, and therefore reduce abortions. faithfully served this organization in a wide va- sical talent to the Lord’s service at Macedonia Proof of the effectiveness of EC’s ability to riety of positions. As one of the original found- Missionary Baptist Church. Since her early reduce unwanted pregnancies is found in Sen- ing members of the International Free and Ac- childhood, Lavinia has provided musical inspi- cepted Modern Masons Mrs. Hartfield has re- ator MURRAY’S home state of Washington, ration to the congregation. Working tirelessly where emergency contraception is available mained a dynamic force in moving the organi- as the choir director, music coordinator, and without a prescription at pharmacies. In Wash- zation forward. She is the first national district ington State, pharmacy access to emergency Grand Matron for the National Midwest Dis- gospel soloist she is presently carrying on the contraception has helped produce the largest trict. The district consists of the states of Illi- Lord’s work as the assistant choir director. declines in adolescent pregnancy and in abor- nois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Mis- Mr. Speaker, I ask the House of Represent- tion rates in the last 20 years. souri, and Wisconsin. She serves on the First atives to join me in honoring Mrs. Lavinia This legislation has been endorsed by the Supreme Board of Directors, the Corporate Hartfield as she retires from active service Secretary, the Grand Matron of the Edith American College of Obstetricians and Gyne- with the International Free and Accepted Mod- cologists (ACOG). I hope that my colleagues Sampson Grand Chapter Order of the Eastern ern Masons and Order of the Eastern Star. in both the House and Senate will join Senator Star for the State of Michigan for the past four Along with her husband of 47 years, Dr. Turn- MURRAY and me, as well as the health profes- years and Secretary of the Exalted Degree sionals of ACOG, in championing this impor- Department of the organization. She was er S. Hartfield, Lavinia Hartfield has served tant reproductive health option for women elected Supreme Recording Secretary at the God, her community, her church and her fam- across the country. first International Masons and Order of the ily with zeal, compassion, and courage.

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A06MR8.043 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E291 SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS 2:30 p.m. 2:30 p.m. Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, Armed Services Commerce, Science, and Transportation Emerging Threats and Capabilities Sub- To hold hearings on the nominations of agreed to by the Senate on February 4, committee Robert Watson Cobb, of Maryland, to 1977, calls for establishment of a sys- To hold hearings on proposed legislation be Inspector General, and Major Gen- tem for a computerized schedule of all authorizing funds for fiscal year 2003 eral Charles F. Bolden, Jr., United meetings and hearings of Senate com- for the Department of Defense and the States Marine Corps, to be Deputy Ad- mittees, subcommittees, joint commit- Future Years Defense Program, focus- ministrator, both of the National Aero- tees, and committees of conference. ing on special operations military ca- nautics and Space Administration. This title requires all such committees pabilities, operational requirements, SR–253 to notify the Office of the Senate Daily and technology acquisition. Intelligence Digest—designated by the Rules com- SR–222 To hold closed hearings to examine pend- mittee—of the time, place, and purpose Governmental Affairs ing intelligence matters. of the meetings, when scheduled, and International Security, Proliferation and SH–219 Federal Services Subcommittee any cancellations or changes in the MARCH 14 meetings as they occur. To hold hearings on S.1800, to strengthen As an additional procedure along and improve the management of na- 9:30 a.m. with the computerization of this infor- tional security, encourage Government Armed Services service in areas of critical national se- To hold hearings on proposed legislation mation, the Office of the Senate Daily curity, and to assist government agen- authorizing funds for fiscal year 2003 Digest will prepare this information for cies in addressing deficiencies in per- for the Department of Defense, focus- printing in the Extensions of Remarks sonnel possessing specialized skills im- ing on the atomic energy defense ac- section of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD portant to national security and incor- tivities of the Department of Energy. on Monday and Wednesday of each porating the goals and strategies for SH–216 week. recruitment and retention for such Commerce, Science, and Transportation Meetings scheduled for Thursday, skilled personnel into the strategic and To hold hearings to examine. March 7, 2002 may be found in the Daily performance management systems of SR–253 Digest of today’s RECORD. Federal agencies. Commerce, Science, and Transportation SD–342 To hold hearings on the proposed Na- MEETINGS SCHEDULED Environment and Public Works tional Defense Interstate Rail Act. To hold hearings to examine the Presi- SR–253 MARCH 8 dent’s proposed budget request for fis- 10 a.m. 9:30 a.m. cal year 2003 for the First Responder Veterans’ Affairs Joint Economic Committee Initiative. To hold joint hearings with the House To hold hearings to examine the employ- SD–406 Committee on Veterans’ Affairs to ex- ment-unemployment situation for Feb- amine the legislative presentations of ruary 2002. MARCH 13 the Gold Star Wives of America, the Fleet Reserve Association, the Air 311, Cannon Building 9:30 a.m. Force Sergeants Association, and the 10 a.m. Armed Services Appropriations Retired Enlisted Association. Personnel Subcommittee Energy and Water Development Sub- 345, Cannon Building To hold hearings on proposed legislation committee Judiciary authorizing funds for fiscal year 2003 To hold hearings on proposed budget es- To hold hearings to examine competi- for the Department of Defense Health timates for fiscal year 2003 for the U. S. tion, innovation, and public policy con- Program. Army Corps of Engineers and the cerning digital creative works. Burueau of Reclamation, Department SR–232A SD–226 of the Interior. Environment and Public Works 2 p.m. SD–138 To hold hearings to examine the eco- Veterans’ Affairs nomic and environmental risks associ- To hold hearings on the nomination of MARCH 11 ated with increasing greenhouse gas Robert H. Roswell, of Florida, to be emmissions. 1:30 p.m. Under Secretary for Health, and the SD–406 Governmental Affairs nomination of Daniel L. Cooper, of Governmental Affairs International Security, Proliferation and Pennsylvania, to be Under Secretary To resume hearings to examine public Federal Services Subcommittee for Benefits, both of the Department of health and natural resources, focusing To hold hearings to examine the Central Veterans Affairs. Intelligence Agency national intel- on implementation of environmental SR–418 ligence estimate of foreign missile de- laws. Foreign Relations velopment and the ballistic missile SD–342 To hold hearings on the nomination of threat through 2015. 10 a.m. Richard Monroe Miles, of South Caro- SD–342 Appropriations lina, to be Ambassador to Georgia; the Commerce, Justice, State, and the Judici- nomination of James W. Pardew, of Ar- MARCH 12 ary Subcommittee kansas, to be Ambassador to the Re- To hold hearings on proposed budget es- public of Bulgaria; and the nomination 9:30 a.m. timates for fiscal year 2003 for the De- of Peter Terpeluk, Jr., of Pennsyl- Environment and Public Works partment of Commerce. vania, to be Ambassador to Luxem- Superfund, Toxics, Risk, and Waste Man- bourg. agement Subcommittee SD–116 SD–419 To hold hearings to examine environ- Judiciary mental enforcement. Technology, Terrorism, and Government MARCH 15 SD–406 Information Subcommittee 10 a.m. To hold hearings to examine the world- 10 a.m. Appropriations wide connection between drugs and ter- Appropriations Commerce, Justice, State, and the Judici- rorism. Energy and Water Development Sub- ary Subcommittee SD–226 committee To hold hearings on proposed budget es- Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To hold hearings on proposed budget es- timates for fiscal year 2003 for the De- To hold oversight hearings on the imple- timates for fiscal year 2003 for the De- partment of State. mentation of the Transportation Eq- partment of Energy. SD–138 uity Act for the 21st Century (105–178). SD–138 Finance SD–538 To hold hearings to examine welfare re- 10:30 a.m. MARCH 19 form issues. Appropriations 9:30 a.m. SD–215 Legislative Branch Subcommittee Armed Services Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions To hold hearings on proposed budget es- To hold hearings to examine the world- Public Health Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 2003 for the Li- wide threat to United States interests To hold hearings to examine solutions brary of Congress and the Congres- (to be followed by closed hearings in for uninsured patients. sional Research Service. SH–219). SD–430 SD–124 SH–216

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\M06MR8.000 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 E292 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks March 6, 2002 10 a.m. amine the legislative presentations of APRIL 10 Appropriations American Ex-Prisoners of War, the 10:30 a.m. Commerce, Justice, State, and the Judici- Vietnam Veterans of America, the Re- Judiciary ary Subcommittee tired Officers Association, the National Antitrust, Competition and Business and To hold hearings on proposed budget es- Association of State Directors of Vet- Consumer Rights Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 2003 for the Na- erans Affairs, and AMVETS. To hold hearings to examine cable com- tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad- 345, Cannon Building ministration and the Small Business petition, focusing on the ATT-Comcast Administration. merger. MARCH 21 SD–138 SD–226 10 a.m. MARCH 20 Appropriations 10 a.m. Commerce, Justice, State, and the Judici- CANCELLATIONS Judiciary ary Subcommittee To hold hearings on proposed budget es- Technology, Terrorism, and Government MARCH 19 Information Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 2003 for the Fed- To hold hearings to examine identity eral Bureau of Investigation, Immigra- 9:30 a.m. theft and information protection. tion and Naturalization Service, and Armed Services SD–226 the Drug Enforcement Administration, To hold hearings on worldwide threats to 2 p.m. all of the Department of Justice. United States interests; to be followed Veterans’ Affairs SD–116 by closed hearings (in Room SH–219). To hold joint hearings with the House SH–216 Committee on Veterans’ Affairs to ex-

VerDate 112000 04:24 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 0626 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\M06MR8.000 pfrm04 PsN: E06PT1 Wednesday March 6, 2002 Daily Digest Senate Chamber Action Appointment: Library of Congress Trust Fund Board: The Routine Proceedings, pages S1553–S1620 Chair, on behalf of the Majority Leader, in consulta- Measures Introduced: Six bills and one resolution tion with the Republican Leader, pursuant to Public were introduced, as follows: S. 1990–1995, and S. Law 68–541, as amended by Public Law 102–246, Res. 217. Page S1599 reappointed Bernard Rapoport of Texas as a member Measures Passed: of the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board for a term of five years, upon the expiration of his current Gold Medal Ceremony in Rotunda: Senate term on March 10, 2002. Page S1616 agreed to H. Con. Res. 305, permitting the use of the Rotunda of the Capitol for a ceremony to present Messages From the President: Senate received the a gold medal on behalf of Congress to former Presi- following message from the President of the United dent Ronald Reagan and his wife Nancy Reagan. States: A message from the President of the United Pages S1616–17 States, received during adjournment, transmitting, Relative to the Death of Senator Cannon: Senate pursuant to law, a report to facilitate positive adjust- agreed to S. Res. 217, relative to the death of the ment to competition from imports of certain steel Honorable Howard W. Cannon, formerly a Senator products; to the Committee on Finance. (PM–72) from the State of Nevada. Page S1617 Page S1598 Energy Policy Act: Senate continued consideration Nominations Confirmed: Senate confirmed the fol- of S. 517, to authorize funding the Department of lowing nomination: Energy to enhance its mission areas through tech- Margaret S.Y. Chu, of New Mexico, to be Direc- nology transfer and partnerships for fiscal years 2002 tor of the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Man- through 2006, taking action on the following agement, Department of Energy. Pages S1616, S1620 amendments proposed thereto: Nominations Received: Senate received the fol- Pages S1553–62, S1567–92 lowing nominations: Adopted: Jeffrey D. Wallin, of California, to be a Member Murkowski/Stevens Amendment No. 2982 (to of the National Council on the Humanities for a Amendment No. 2980), to protect the jurisdiction term expiring January 26, 2006. of the State of Alaska and provide for workforce Peter A. Lawrence, of New York, to be United training. Pages S1586–87 States Marshal for the Western District of New York By 93 yeas to 5 nays (Vote No. 41), Daschle for the term of four years. Modified Amendment No. 2980 (to Amendment 6 Navy nominations in the rank of admiral. No. 2917), to prohibit the issuance of any permit Routine lists in the Air Force, Army, Marine which would authorize the transport of Alaska North Corps, Navy. Pages S1617–20 Slope natural gas via a pipeline running offshore in Nominations Withdrawn: Senate received notifica- the Beaufort Sea between Alaska and Canada. tion of withdrawal of the following nomination: Pages S1553–62, S1567–90 Frederick R. Heebe, of Louisiana, to be United Pending: States Attorney for the Eastern District of Louisiana Daschle/Bingaman Further Modified Amendment for the term of four years, which was sent to the No. 2917, in the nature of a substitute. Senate on November 1, 2001. Page S1620 Pages S1553–62, S1567–92 Messages From the House: Page S1598 A unanimous-consent agreement was reached pro- viding for further consideration of the bill at 10 Measures Referred: Page S1598 a.m., on Thursday, March 7, 2002. Page S1617 Additional Cosponsors: Pages S1599–S1600 D176

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D177 Statements on Introduced Bills/Resolutions: APPROPRIATIONS—STATE/AID Pages S1600–14 Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Foreign Additional Statements: Pages S1596–98 Operations concluded hearings to examine proposed budget estimates for fiscal year 2003 for democracy Amendments Submitted: Pages S1614–15 and human rights programs of the Department of Authority for Committees to Meet: Pages S1615–16 State and the U.S. Agency for International Develop- Privilege of the Floor: Page S1616 ment, after receiving testimony from Lorne W. Record Votes: One record vote was taken today. Craner, Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor; and Roger P. Winter, As- (Total—41) Page S1590 sistant Administrator for Democracy, Conflict and Adjournment: Senate met at 10 a.m. and, in ac- Humanitarian Assistance, U.S. Agency for Inter- cordance with the provisions of S. Res. 217, as a fur- national Development. ther mark of respect relative to the death of Senator APPROPRIATIONS—VETERANS AFFAIRS Howard Cannon, adjourned at 6:42 p.m., until 10 a.m., on Thursday, March 7, 2002. Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies concluded hearings on proposed budget estimates for fiscal year 2003 for Committee Meetings the Department of Veterans Affairs, after receiving testimony from Anthony J. Principi, Secretary of (Committees not listed did not meet) Veterans Affairs. DOD FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT NOMINATIONS Committee on Armed Services: Subcommittee on Readi- Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry: Com- ness and Management Support concluded hearings to mittee concluded hearings on the nominations of examine financial management reform issues of the Thomas C. Dorr, of Iowa, to be a Member of the Department of Defense, focusing on financial man- Board of Directors of the Commodity Credit Cor- agement systems, operations, and controls, after re- poration, and to be Under Secretary for Rural Devel- ceiving testimony from Dov S. Zakheim, Under Sec- opment, and Nancy Southard Bryson, of the District retary of Defense (Comptroller); and David M. of Columbia, to be General Counsel, both of the De- Walker, Comptroller General of the United States, partment of Agriculture; and Grace Trujillo Daniel, General Accounting Office. of California, and Fred L. Dailey, of Ohio, each to be a Member of the Board of Directors of the Fed- DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION eral Agricultural Mortgage Corporation, Farm Credit Committee on Armed Services: Subcommittee on Emerg- Administration, after the nominees testified and an- ing Threats and Capabilities concluded hearings on swered questions in their own behalf. Testimony was proposed legislation authorizing funds for fiscal year also received on the nomination of Mr. Dorr from 2003 for the Department of Defense, focusing on Representative Clayton; Ron Langston, National Di- nonproliferation programs of the Department of En- rector, Minority Business Development Agency, De- ergy and the Cooperative Threat Reduction program partment of Commerce; Dennis Keeney, Ames, Iowa; of the Department of Defense, after receiving testi- George Naylor, Iowa Citizens for Community Im- mony from J.D. Crouch II, Assistant Secretary of provement, Des Moines; Leon Crump, Federation of Defense for International Security Policy; and Linton Southern Cooperatives, East Point, Georgia; Nancy F. Brooks, Deputy Administrator for Defense Nu- Hier, Marcus, Iowa; Varel Bailey, Anita, Iowa; clear Nonproliferation, National Nuclear Security Thomas A. Fretz, University of Maryland Agricul- Administration, Department of Energy. tural Experiment Station, College Park; and Con- ACCOUNTING AND INVESTOR stantine Curris, American Association of State Col- PROTECTION leges and Universities, Chevy Chase, Maryland. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs: Committee resumed oversight hearings to examine APPROPRIATIONS—ARMY accounting and investor protection issues raised by Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Defense Enron and other public companies, including over- concluded hearings on proposed budget estimates for sight of the accounting profession, audit quality and fiscal year 2003 for the Department of Army, after independence, and formulation of accounting prin- receiving testimony from Thomas E. White, Sec- ciples, after receiving testimony from Bevis retary, and Gen. Eric K. Shinseki, USA, Chief of Longstreth, former Commissioner of the Securities Staff, both of the Department of the Army. and Exchange Commission, Lee J. Seidler, Bear

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 D178 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST March 6, 2002 Stearns and Company, and Abraham J. Briloff, City and tribal land use planning, to promote improved University of New York Bernard M. Baruch College, quality of life, regionalism, and sustainable economic all of New York, New York; Shaun F. O’Malley, development; and S. 1079, to amend the Public Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, former Chairman of the Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 to Public Oversight Board Panel on Audit Effectiveness provide assistance to communities for the redevelop- (O’Malley Commission); and Arthur R. Wyatt, Vil- ment of brownfield sites, after receiving testimony lage of Golf, Florida. from Senator Levin; David A. Sampson, Assistant HUD HOMELESS ASSISTANCE Secretary of Commerce for Economic Development; Elizabeth Humstone, Vermont Forum on Sprawl, Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs: Burlington, on behalf of the American Planning As- Subcommittee on Housing and Transportation con- sociation; Deborah Anderson, Wood Partners, Dur- cluded oversight hearings to examine the proposed ham, North Carolina, on behalf of the National reauthorization of the HUD McKinney-Vento Multi Housing Council/National Apartment Associa- Homeless Assistance Act programs, after receiving tion; Don Chen, Smart Growth America, Wash- testimony from Roy A. Bernardi, Assistant Secretary, ington, D.C.; F. Gary Garczynski, Woodbridge, Vir- Office of Community Planning and Development, ginia, on behalf of the National Association of Home Department of Housing and Urban Development; Builders; and Mary Lou Bentley, Western Nevada Stanley J. Czerwinski, Director, Physical Infrastruc- Development District, Carson City, on behalf Na- ture Issues, General Accounting Office; Nan Roman, tional Association of Development Organizations. National Alliance to End Homelessness, Wash- ington, D.C.; Mitchell Netburn, Los Angeles Home- DIRTY BOMBS less Services Authority, Los Angeles, California; and Committee on Foreign Relations: Committee concluded Mary Ann Gleason, York County Initiative to End hearings to examine the effects of potential terrorist Homelessness, Alfred, Maine. attacks using radiological dispersal devices, so-called 2003 BUDGET dirty bombs, and the possibility of contamination if Committee on the Budget: radiation levels do exceed EPA health and toxic ma- Committee concluded hear- terial guidelines, after receiving testimony from ings on the President’s proposed budget request for Richard A. Meserve, Chairman, Nuclear Regulatory fiscal year 2003 and revenue proposals, focusing on Commission; Donald D. Cobb, Associate Director for analysis of the Congressional Budget Office, after re- Threat Reduction, Los Alamos National Laboratory, ceiving testimony from Dan L. Crippen, Director, and Harry C. Vantine, Lawrence Livermore National Congressional Budget Office. Laboratory, both of the Department of Energy; Ste- WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS ven E. Koonin, California Institute of Technology, Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation: Sub- Pasadena; and Henry C. Kelly, Federation of Amer- committee on Communications concluded hearings ican Scientists, Washington, D.C. to examine wireless communications infrastructure in WORKFORCE ACCOUNTABILITY the United States in light of September 11, focusing on access to diverse markets and quality services at Committee on Governmental Affairs: Committee con- affordable prices, receiving testimony from Agostino cluded hearings to examine the monitoring of ac- Cangemi, Department of Information Technology countability and competition in the federal and serv- and Telecommunications, Brooklyn, New York; ice contract workforce, focusing on the Circular Steve Souder, Emergency Communications Center, A–76, cost comparisons for the public-private com- Rockville, Maryland; Paul Crotty, Verizon, Inc., petition process, after receiving testimony from An- New York, New York; Glen Nash, Association of gela B. Styles, Administrator, Office of Federal Pro- Public-Safety Communications Officials-Inter- curement Policy, Office of Management and Budget; national, Inc., Sacramento, California; Gloria Harris, Barry W. Holman, Director, Defense Capabilities AT&T Wireless Services, Inc., Paramus, New Jersey; and Management, General Accounting Office; Dan Larissa Herda, Time Warner Telecom, Inc., Little- Guttman, Johns Hopkins University Washington ton, Colorado; and Christopher A. McLean, ComCare Center for the Study of American Government, Alliance, Washington, D.C. Bobby L. Harnage, Sr., American Federation of Gov- Hearings recessed subject to call. ernment Employees (AFL–CIO), and Colleen M. Kelley, National Treasury Employees Union, all of LAND USAGE AND BROWNFIELDS Washington, D.C.; and Mary Lou Patel, Advanced Committee on Environment and Public Works: Com- Systems Development, Inc., and Stan Z. Soloway, mittee concluded hearings on S. 975, to improve en- Professional Services Council, both of Arlington, Vir- vironmental policy by providing assistance for State ginia.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D179

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH TRACKING CABLE AND SATELLITE COMPETITION Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions: Committee on the Judiciary: Subcommittee on Anti- Subcommittee on Public Health concluded hearings trust, Competition, and Business and Consumer to examine the improvement of surveillance of Rights concluded hearings to examine cable and sat- chronic conditions and potential links to environ- ellite television competition, focusing on the pro- mental exposures, after receiving testimony from posed merger between the two largest satellite tele- Senator Reid; Richard J. Jackson, Director, National vision companies in the country, EchoStar Commu- Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Dis- nications and DirecTV, and the question of the ap- ease Control and Prevention, Henry Falk, Assistant plication of antitrust laws to such merger, after re- Administrator, Agency for Toxic Substances and Dis- ceiving testimony from Robert Pitofsky, Georgetown ease Registry, and Kenneth Olden, Director, Na- University Law Center, former Chairman of the Fed- tional Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, eral Trade Commission, and Gene Kimmelman, National Institutes of Health, all of the Department of Health and Human Services; John Harris, Cali- Consumers Union, and Edward O. Fritts, National fornia Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Oakland, Association of Broadcasters, all of Washington, D.C.; on behalf of the March of Dimes; F. Ed Thompson, Missouri State Attorney General Jeremiah W. Jr., Mississippi State Department of Health, Jackson, Nixon, Jefferson City; Eddy W. Hartenstein, on behalf of the Association of State and Territorial DirecTV, Inc., El Segundo, California; and Charles Health Officials; George D. Thurston, New York W. Ergen, EchoStar Communication Corporation, University School of Medicine Institute of Environ- Littleton, Colorado. mental Medicine, New York, New York, on behalf of the National Institute of Environmental Health INTELLIGENCE Sciences’ Community Outreach and Education Pro- Select Committee on Intelligence: Committee held closed gram; Thomas A. Burke, Johns Hopkins University hearings on intelligence matters, receiving testimony Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, from officials of the intelligence community. Maryland; and Shelley A. Hearne, Trust for Amer- Committee meets again on Wednesday, March 13. ica’s Health, Washington, D.C. h House of Representatives agreed to H. Res. 354, the rule that provided for Chamber Action consideration of motions to suspend the rules today Measures Introduced: 33 public bills, H.R. by voice vote and to order the previous question by 3857–3889; and 8 resolutions, H. Con. Res. a yea-and-nay vote of 218 yeas to 191 nays, Roll 339–342, and H. Res. 358, 359, 361, 362, were in- No. 49. Pages H696–H700 troduced. Pages H736–37 Bicentennial Anniversary of West Point: S.J. Reports Filed: Reports were filed today as follows: Res. 32, congratulating the United States Military H.R. 1870, to provide for the sale of certain real Academy at West Point on its bicentennial anniver- property within the Newlands Project in Nevada, to sary, and commending its outstanding contributions the city of Fallon, Nevada, amended (H. Rept. to the Nation (agreed to by a yea-and-nay vote of 107–366); and 407 yeas to one nay, Roll No. 50) clearing the meas- H. Res. 360 providing for consideration of the ure for the President; Pages H700–04, H715–16 Senate amendment to H.R. 3090, to provide tax in- centives for economic recovery (H. Rept. 107–367). Settlement of Tribal Claims Application of the Page H736 Statute of Limitations: S. 1857, to encourage the negotiated settlement of tribal claims clearing the Journal: The House agreed to the Speaker’s approval measure for the President; Pages H704–05 of the Journal of Tuesday, March 5 by a yea-and-nay vote of 352 yeas to 43 nays with 1 voting ‘‘present’’, Sale of Property to Fallon, Nevada: H.R. 1870, Roll No. 48. Pages H689, H692–93 to provide for the sale of certain real property within the Newlands Project in Nevada, to the city of Suspensions: The House agreed to suspend the rules Fallon, Nevada; Pages H705–06 and pass the following measures. Earlier, the House

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 D180 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST March 6, 2002 Water Optimization Feasibility study for Or- Plant Health Inspection Service; A.J. Yates, Admin- egon River Basins: H.R. 1883, to authorize the Sec- istrator, Agricultural Marketing Service; and David retary of the Interior to conduct a feasibility study R. Shipman, Acting Administrator, Grain Inspec- on water optimization in the Burnt River basin, tion, Packers and Stockyards Administration. Malheur River basin, Owyhee River basin, and Pow- COMMERCE, JUSTICE, STATE AND der River basin, Oregon; Pages H706–07 JUDICIARY APPROPRIATIONS George Rogers Clark Northwest Campaign Committee on Appropriations: Trail: Subcommittee on Com- H.R. 1963, to amend the National Trails Sys- merce, Justice, State and Judiciary held a hearing on tem Act to designate the route taken by American Secretary of State. Testimony was heard from Colin soldier and frontiersman George Rogers Clark and L. Powell, Secretary of State. his men during the Revolutionary War to capture the British forts at Kaskaskia and Cahokia, Illinois, DEFENSE APPROPRIATIONS and Vincennes, Indiana, for study for potential addi- Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Defense tion to the National Trails System; Pages H707–08 held a hearing on Fiscal Year 2003 Navy/Marine Expressing Support for the Government of Co- Corps Budget Overview. Testimony was heard from lombia: H. Res. 358, expressing support for the the following officials of the Department of the democratically elected Government of Columbia and Navy, Department of Defense: Gordon R. England, its efforts to counter threats from United States-des- Secretary, Adm. Vernon Clark, USN, Chief, Naval ignated foreign terrorist organizations; Pages H710–15 Operations; and Gen. James L. Jones, USMC, Com- Hunting Seasons for Migratory Mourning Doves: mandant, Marine Corps. The House agreed to H. Con. Res. 275, expressing ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT the sense of the Congress that hunting seasons for APPROPRIATIONS migratory mourning doves should be modified so Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Energy that individuals have a fair and equitable oppor- and Water Development held a hearing on Depart- tunity to hunt such birds. Pages H708–10 ment of Energy. Testimony was heard from Spencer Earlier, the House agreed to H. Res. 353, the rule Abraham, Secretary of Energy. that provided for consideration of the concurrent res- olution by voice vote. Pages H693–96 INTERIOR APPROPRIATIONS Presidential Message—Quotas on Steel Imports: Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Interior On Tuesday, March 5, read a message from the held a hearing on National Endowment for the Hu- President wherein he transmitted documents that de- manities, and on National Endowment for the Arts. scribe his actions on the imports of certain steel Testimony was heard from Bruce Cole, Chairman, products—referred to the Committee on Ways and National Endowment for the Humanities, and Eileen Means and ordered printed (H. Doc. 107–185). B. Mason, Acting Chairperson and Senior Deputy See Congressional Record of March 5 at Page H685 Chairperson, National Endowment for the Arts. Quorum Calls—Votes: Three yea-and-nay votes de- LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, veloped during the proceedings of the House today AND EDUCATION APPROPRIATIONS and appear on pages H692–93, H700, and Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Labor, H715–16. There were no quorum calls. Health and Human Services, and Education held a Adjournment: The House met at 10 a.m. and ad- hearing on Secretary of Health and Human Service’s journed at 5:55 p.m. Budget Overview. Testimony was heard from Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary of Health and Committee Meetings Human Services. AGRICULTURE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, MILITARY CONSTRUCTION FDA APPROPRIATIONS APPROPRIATIONS Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Agri- Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Mili- culture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Admin- tary Construction held a hearing on Navy and on istration and Related Agencies held a hearing on Air Force. Testimony was heard from the following Marketing and Regulatory Programs. Testimony was officials of the Department of the Air Force: Nelson heard from the following officials of the USDA: Ste- F. Gibbs, Assistant Secretary, Installations, Environ- phen B. Dewhurst, Budget Officer; William Hawks, ment and Logistics; and Maj. Gen. Earnest O. Rob- Under Secretary, Marketing and Regulatory Pro- bins II, HQ, USAF, The Civil Engineer, Deputy grams; Bobby R. Acord, Administrator, Animal and Chief of Staff, Installations and Logistics.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D181 TRANSPORTATION APPROPRIATIONS USDA BUDGET PRIORITIES Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Trans- Committee on the Budget: Held a hearing on the De- portation held a hearing on U.S. Coast Guard. Testi- partment of Agriculture Budget Priorities Fiscal mony was heard from Adm. James M. Loy, USCG, Year 2003. Testimony was heard from Ann M. Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Veneman, Secretary of Agriculture. Transportation. MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE, AND Committee on Education and the Workforce: Sub- GENERAL GOVERNMENT APPROPRIATIONS committee on Select Education approved for full Committee action the following bills: H.R. 3784, Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Treas- Museum and Libraries Services Act of 2002; and ury, Postal Service, and General Government held a H.R. 3839, amended, Keeping Children and Fami- hearing on Federal Law Enforcement Training Cen- lies Safe Act of 2002. ter, on Financial Crimes Enforcement Network. Tes- timony was heard from the following officials of the FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT—DOES IT Department of the Treasury: Paul Hackenberry, Act- ACCOMMODATE TODAY’S WORKERS? ing Director, Federal Law Enforcement Training Committee on Education and the Workforce: Sub- Center; and James Sloan, Director, Financial Crimes committee on Workforce Protections held a hearing Enforcement Network. on ‘‘Flexibility in the Workforce: Does the Fair Labor Standards Act Accommodate Today’s Work- VA, HUD, AND INDEPENDENT AGENCIES ers?’’ Testimony was heard from public witnesses. APPROPRIATIONS PRESCRIPTION DRUG USER FEE ACT Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on VA, REAUTHORIZE HUD, and Independent Agencies held a hearing on Committee on Energy and Commerce: Subcommittee on FEMA. Testimony was heard from Joe M. Allbaugh, Health held a hearing titled ‘‘Reauthorization of the Director, FEMA. Prescription Drug User Fee Act.’’ Testimony was heard from Lester Crawford, Deputy Commissioner, EXPORT ADMINISTRATION ACT; FDA, Department of Health and Human Services; NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION and public witnesses. BUDGET REQUEST BROWNFIELDS REDEVELOPMENT Committee on Armed Services: H.R. 2581, Export Ad- ENHANCEMENT ACT ministration Act of 2001. The Committee also continued hearings on the Committee on Financial Services: Subcommittee on fiscal year 2003 National Defense authorization Housing and Community Opportunity held a hear- budget request. Testimony was heard from the fol- ing on H.R. 2941, Brownfields Redevelopment En- lowing officials of the Department of the Air Force, hancement Act. Testimony was heard from Roy Department of Defense: James G. Roche, Secretary; Bernardi, Assistant Secretary, Community Planning and Gen. John P. Jumper, USAF, Chief of Staff. and Development, Department of Housing and Hearings continue March 14. Urban Development; Lydia Reid, Mayor, Mansfield, State of Ohio; Frederick M. Kalisz, Jr., Mayor, New DOD ACQUISITION PROGRAMS Bedford, Massachusetts; and public witnesses. RECOMMENDATIONS GOVERNMENT INFORMATION SECURITY Committee on Armed Services: Subcommittee on Mili- REFORM ACT—LESSONS LEARNED tary Procurement and the Subcommittee on Military Committee on Government Reform: Subcommittee on Research and Development held a joint hearing on Government Efficiency, Financial Management, and recommendations on the Department of Defense ac- Intergovernmental Affairs held a hearing on ‘‘Lessons quisition programs. Testimony was heard from the Learned from the Government Information Security following officials of the Department of Defense: Reform Act of 2000.’’ Testimony was heard from E.C. Aldridge, Under Secretary (Acquisition, Tech- Representative Tom Davis of Virginia; Robert F. nology and Logistics), Claude M. Bolton, Jr., Assist- Dacey, Director, Information Security, GAO; Mark ant Secretary, (Acquisition, Logistics and Tech- A. Forman, Associate Director, Office of Information nology), USA., John J. Young, Jr., Assistant Sec- Technology and E-Government, OMB; Arden L. retary (Research, Development and Acquisition), Bement, Jr., Director, National Institute of Stand- USN., and Marvin R. Sambur Assistant Secretary, ards and Technology, Department of Commerce; (Acquisition), USAF. Robert G. Gorrie, Deputy Staff Director, Defense-

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 D182 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST March 6, 2002 wide Information, Assurance Program Office, Assist- ECONOMIC SECURITY AND RECOVERY ant Secretary, Command, Control, Communications ACT; MOTION TO CONCUR IN SENATE and Intelligence, Department of Defense; Karen S. AMENDMENT WITH AN AMENDMENT Evans, Chief Information Officer, Department of En- Committee on Rules: Granted, by voice vote, a rule ergy; and Roberta L. Gross, former Inspector Gen- providing for a single motion offered by the chair- eral, NASA. man of the Committee on Ways and Means or his designee that the House concur in the Senate REVIEW—HUMAN RIGHTS REPORTS amendment with an amendment printed in the re- Committee on International Relations: Subcommittee on port of the Committee on Rules accompanying the International Operations and Human Rights held a resolution. The rule waives all points of order against hearing on a Review of the Department of State’s consideration of the motion to concur in the Senate Human Rights Reports from the Victim’s Perspec- amendment with an amendment to H.R. 3090, Eco- tive. Testimony was heard from Lorne W. Craner, nomic Security and Recovery Act of 2001. The rule provides one hour of debate in the House equally di- Assistant Secretary, Bureau of Democracy, Human vided and controlled by the chairman and ranking Rights, and Labor, Department of State; and public minority member of the Committee on Ways and witnesses. Means. Finally, the rule provides that the previous question shall be considered as ordered on the mo- MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES tion to final adoption without intervening motion. Committee on the Judiciary: Ordered reported, as Testimony was heard from Chairman Thomas and amended, H.R. 2146, Two Strikes and You’re Out Representative Gekas. Child Protection Act. LEARNING FROM 9/11—UNDERSTANDING The Committee also began markup of H.R. 2341, WORLD TRADE CENTER COLLAPSE Class Action Fairness Act of 2001. Committee on Science: Held a hearing on Learning from Will continue tomorrow. 9/11—Understanding the Collapse of the World Trade Center. Testimony was heard from Robert MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES Shea, Acting Administrator, Federal Insurance and Committee on the Judiciary: Subcommittee on Com- Mitigation Administration, FEMA; Arden Bement, mercial and Administrative Law approved for full Director, National Institute of Standards and Tech- Committee action the following bills: H.R. 2054, nology, Department of Commerce; and public wit- amended, to give the consent of Congress to an nesses. agreement or compact between Utah and Nevada re- SBREFA COMPLIANCE garding a change in the boundaries of those States; H.R. 3180, to consent to certain amendments to the Committee on Small Business: Held a hearing entitled New Hampshire-Vermont Interstate School Com- ‘‘SBREFA Compliance: Is it the Same Old Story.’’ pact; and H.R. 1448, amended, to clarify the tax Testimony was heard from Thomas Sullivan, Chief Counsel, Advocacy, SBA; Victor Rezendes, Managing treatment of bonds and other obligations issued by Director, GAO; and public witnesses. the Government of American Samoa. Prior to this action, the Subcommittee held a NATIONAL AVIATION CAPACITY hearing on these measures. Testimony was heard EXPANSION ACT from Representatives Hansen and Bass. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure: Sub- committee on Aviation held a hearing on H.R. OVERSIGHT 3479, National Aviation Capacity Expansion Act. Committee on Resources: Held an oversight hearing on Testimony was heard from Representatives Hyde, Canada Lynx Interagency National Survey and En- Visclosky, Manzullo, Weller and Jackson of Illinois; dangered Species Data Collection. Testimony was the following officials of the State of Illinois; George H. Ryan, Governor; and Richard M. Daley, Mayor, heard from Ronald Malfi, Acting Managing Direc- Chicago; and a public witness. tor, Office of Special Investigations, GAO; the fol- lowing officials of the USDA: Mark Rey, Under Sec- AMTRAK STATUS retary, Natural Resources and Environment; and Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure: Sub- Kevin McKelvey, Research Ecologists, Forest Service; committee on Railroads held a hearing on Amtrak Steven A. Williams, Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Status: Successes and Failures of Amtrak and of the Service; and public witnesses. Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D183 Testimony was heard from Allan Rutter, Adminis- Securities and Exchange Commission and the Federal trator, Federal Railroad Administration, Department Communications Commission, 10 a.m., SR–253. of Transportation; George Warrington, CEO, Am- Subcommittee on Interior, to hold hearings on pro- trak; Joseph Boardman, Commissioner, Department posed budget estimates for fiscal year 2003 for the De- of Transportation, State of New York; Jeff Morales, partment of Energy, 10 a.m., SD–124. Director, Department of Transportation, State of Subcommittee on Transportation, to hold hearings to examine the future of Amtrak, 10 a.m., SD–138. California; and public witnesses. Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, SOCIAL SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS— and Education, to hold hearings on proposed budget esti- WOMEN, SENIORS, AND WORKING mates for fiscal year 2003 for the Department of Health MOTHERS and Human Services, 11 a.m., SD–192. Committee on Armed Services: to hold hearings on pro- Committee on Ways and Means: Subcommittee on So- posed legislation authorizing funds for fiscal year 2003 cial Security continued hearings on Social Security for the Department of Defense, and the Future Years De- Improvement for Women, Seniors, and Working fense Program, 9:30 a.m., SH–216. Americans. Testimony was heard from Representa- Subcommittee on Strategic, to hold hearings on pro- tives Armey, McDermott, Dunn, Pomeroy, Sten- posed legislation authorizing funds for fiscal year 2003 holm, Kolbe, DeFazio. Nadler, Smith of Michigan, for the Department of Defense, focusing on the Ballistic Foley, Jones of North Carolina, Etheridge, Missile Defense program, 2:30 p.m., SR–232A. Rodriguez, DeMint, Schakowsky and Langevin. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs: to hold oversight hearings to examine the semi-annual re- COUNTERTERRORISM SUPPLEMENTAL port on Monetary Policy of the Federal Reserve, 10 a.m., Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence: Met in execu- SD–106. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources: Subcommittee tive session to hold a hearing on Fiscal Year 2002 on National Parks, to hold hearings to examine S. 1069, Counterterrorism Supplemental. Testimony was to amend the National Trails System Act to clarify Fed- heard from departmental witnesses. eral authority relating to land acquisition from willing NSA COUNTERTERRORISM sellers from the majority of the trails in the System; S. 213, to amend the National Trails System Act to update Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence: Sub- the feasibility and suitability studies of 4 national historic committee on Terrorism and Homeland Security met trails and provide for possible additions to such trails; in executive session to hold a hearing on NSA H.R. 1384, to amend the National Trails System Act to Counterterrorism. Testimony was heard from depart- designate the Navajo Long Walk to Bosque Redondo as mental witnesses. a national historic trail; and S. 1946, to amend the Na- tional Trails System Act to designate the Old Spanish Trail as a National Historic Trail, 2:30 p.m., SD–366. Joint Meetings Committee on Finance: to hold hearings to examine the IMF AND WORLD BANK REFORM President’s proposed budget request for fiscal year 2003 for prescription drugs, 10 a.m., SD–215. Joint Economic Committee: Committee concluded hear- Committee on Foreign Relations: to hold hearings to exam- ings to examine reforms to the International Mone- ine two optional protocols to the Convention on the tary Fund and the World Bank, focusing on effi- Rights of the Child, both of which were adopted at New ciency and effectiveness, after receiving testimony York, May 25, 2000: (1) The Optional Protocol to the from Allan H. Meltzer, and Adam Lerrick, both of Convention on the Rights of the Child on Involvement Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsyl- of Children in Armed Conflict; and (2) The Optional vania, and C. Fred Bergsten, Institute for Inter- Protocol to the Conventional on the Rights of the Child national Economics, Washington, D.C., all on behalf on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child of the International Financial Institution Advisory Pornography, signed on July 5, 2000 (Treaty Doc. Commission (IFIAC). 106–37), 10:15 a.m., SD–419. Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South Asian Af- f fairs, to hold hearings to examine the trafficking of per- sons, focusing on monitoring and combating this practice, COMMITTEE MEETINGS FOR THURSDAY, 2:30 p.m., SD–419. MARCH 7, 2002 Committee on Governmental Affairs: to hold hearings to (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) examine public health and natural resources, focusing on implementation of environmental laws, 9:30 a.m., Senate SD–342. Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Com- Committee on Indian Affairs: to resume hearings on the merce, Justice, State, and the Judiciary, to hold hearings President’s proposed budget request for fiscal year 2003 on proposed budget estimates for fiscal year 2003 for the for Indian programs, 10 a.m., SR–485.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 D184 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST March 6, 2002

Committee on the Judiciary: business meeting to consider Committee on the Budget, hearing on the Department of S. 1615, to provide for the sharing of certain foreign in- State Budget Priorities Fiscal Year 2003, 10 a.m., 210 telligence information with local law enforcement per- Cannon. sonnel; S. 1356, to establish a commission to review the Committee on Education and the Workforce, Subcommittee facts and circumstances surrounding injustices suffered by on Education Reform, to mark up H.R. 3801, Education European Americans, Europeans Latin Americans, and Sciences Reform Act of 2002, 10 a.m., 2175 Rayburn. European refugees during World War II; S. Res. 214, Committee on Energy and Commerce, Subcommittee on designating March 25, 2002, as ‘‘Greek Independence Telecommunications and the Internet, to mark up H.R. Day: A National Day of Celebration of Greek and Amer- 3833, Dot Kids Implementation and Efficiency Act of ican Democracy’’; and certain pending nominations, 10 2002, 10 a.m., 2322 Rayburn. a.m., SD–226. Committee on Financial Services, Subcommittee on Finan- Committee on Veterans’ Affairs: to hold joint hearings cial Institutions and Consumer Credit, to consider H.R. with the House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs to exam- 3717, Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2002, ine the legislative presentations of the Paralyzed Veterans 9:30 a.m., 2128 Rayburn. of America, Jewish War Veterans, Blinded Veterans Asso- Committee on Government Reform, to consider the fol- ciation, the Non-Commissioned Officers Association, and lowing: Committee Report ‘‘A Citizen’s Guide on Using the Military Order of the Purple Heart, 10 a.m., 345, the Freedom of Information Act and the Privacy Act of Cannon Building. 1974 to Request Government Records;’’ Committee Budget Views and Estimates for Fiscal Year 2003; and House the Federal Information Technology Workforce and Ac- Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Agri- quisition Improvement Act, 10:30 a.m., 2154 Rayburn. culture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administra- Subcommittee on Technology and Procurement, hear- tion and Related Agencies, on Food, Nutrition and Con- ing on the Services Acquisition Reform Act, 2 p.m., sumer Services, 9:30 a.m., 2362A Rayburn. 2154 Rayburn. Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and Judici- Committee on International Relations, hearing on U.S. Pol- ary, on Federal Judiciary, 10 a.m., H–309 Capitol, and icy Considerations in Tibet, 11 a.m., 2172 Rayburn. on Immigration and Naturalization Service, 2 p.m., 2359 Committee on the Judiciary, to continue markup of H.R. Rayburn. 2341, Class Action Fairness Act of 2001; and to mark up Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development, ex- H.R. 3297, Mychal Judge Police and Fire Chaplains Pub- ecutive, on Department of Energy-National Security Ad- lic Safety Officer’s Benefit Act of 2001, 9:30 a.m., 2141 ministration, 10 a.m., 2362B Rayburn. Rayburn. Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financ- Subcommittee on the Constitution, oversight hearing ing and Related Agencies, on Export Financing, 9:30 on ‘‘HUD’s ‘Legislative Guidebook’ and its Potential Im- a.m., 2359 Rayburn. pact on Property Rights and Small Businesses, including Subcommittee on Subcommittee on Interior, on Geo- Minority-Owned Businesses,’’ 1 p.m., 2141 Rayburn. logical Survey, 10 a.m., B–308 Rayburn. Subcommittee on Crime, oversight hearing on ‘‘The Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, Office of Justice Programs Part Two—Evaluation of Ef- and Education, on Health Resources and Services Admin- fectiveness,’’ 11 a.m., 2237 Rayburn. istration, 9:45 a.m., 2358 Rayburn. Committee on Resources, Subcommittee on Fisheries Con- Subcommittee on Military Construction, on Pacific servation, Wildlife and Oceans, oversight hearing on the Command, 9:30 a.m., B–300 Rayburn. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Oceanic and Subcommittee on Transportation, on National High- Atmospheric Administration, and the National Marine way Traffic Safety Administration, 10 a.m., 2358 Ray- Fisheries Service Budget Requests for Fiscal Year 2003, burn. 2 p.m., 1334 Longworth. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agen- Subcommittee on National Parks, Recreation and Pub- cies, on Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Reg- lic Lands, to mark up the following measures: H. Res. istry, 10 a.m., and on Neighborhood Reinvestment Cor- 261, recognizing the historical significance of the Aquia poration, 11 a.m., H–143 Capitol. sandstone quarries of Government Island in Stafford Committee on Armed Services, Subcommittee on Military County, Virginia, for their contributions to the construc- Installations and Facilities, hearing on the fiscal year tion of the Capital of the United States; H.R. 1462, 2003 National Defense authorization budget request, 2 Harmful Nonnative Weed Control Act of 2001; H.R. p.m. 2212 Rayburn. 2628, Muscle Shoals National Heritage Area Study Act Subcommittee on Military Personnel and the Sub- of 2001; H.R. 2643, Fort Clatsop National Memorial Ex- committee on Health of the Committee on Veterans’ Af- pansion Act of 2001; H.R. 2937, to provide for the con- fairs, joint hearing on health care sharing by the Depart- veyance of certain public land in Clark County; Nevada, ment of Defense and Department of Veterans Affairs, 11 for use as a shooting range; H.R. 3421, Yosemite Na- a.m., 2118 Rayburn. tional Park Educational Facilities Improvement Act; H.R. Subcommittee on Readiness, hearing on the adequacy 3425, to direct the Secretary of the Interior to study the of the fiscal year 2003 budget request to meet readiness suitability and feasibility of establishing Highway 49 in needs, 2:30 p.m., 2118 Rayburn. California, known as the ‘‘Golden Chain Highway’’, as a

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 March 6, 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D185

National Heritage Corridor; and a Technical Corrections Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment, measure, 10 a.m., 1324 Longworth. oversight hearing on Impacts of a Reduced Corps of En- Subcommittee on Water and Power, hearing on the gineers’ Budget, 10 a.m., 2167 Rayburn. following bills: H.R. 3480, Upper Mississippi River Committee on Ways and Means, Subcommittee on Health, Basin Protection Act of 2001; and H.R. 3606, Wallowa hearing on Health Quality and Medical Errors, 11 a.m., Lake Dam Rehabilitation and Water Management Act of 1100 Longworth. 2001, 10 a.m., 1334 Longworth. Subcommittee on Human Resources, hearing on Imple- Committee on Science, Subcommittee on Research, hearing mentation of Welfare Reform Work Requirements and on Meeting the Demands of the Knowledge Based Econ- Time Limits, 9:30 a.m., B–318 Rayburn. omy: Strengthening Undergraduate Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education, 10:30 a.m., 2325 Rayburn. Joint Meetings Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics, hearing on A Joint Meetings: Senate Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, Review of Civil Aeronautics Research and Development, to hold joint hearings with the House Committee on 10 a.m., 2318 Rayburn. Veterans’ Affairs to examine the legislative presentations Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, Sub- of the Paralyzed Veterans of America, Jewish War Vet- committee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation, erans, Blinded Veterans Association, the Non-Commis- oversight hearing on the Coast Guard Fiscal Year 2003 sioned Officers Association, and the Military Order of the Budget, 2 p.m., 2167 Rayburn. Purple Heart, 10 a.m., 345 Cannon Building.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0627 Sfmt 0627 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2 D186 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST March 6, 2002

Next Meeting of the SENATE Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 10 a.m., Thursday, March 7 10 a.m., Thursday, March 7

Senate Chamber House Chamber Program for Thursday: Senate will continue consider- Program for Thursday: Consideration of a motion to ation of S. 517, Energy Policy Act. concur in Senate amendment with an amendment to H.R. 3090, Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002 (closed rule, one hour of general debate).

Extensions of Remarks, as inserted in this issue.

HOUSE Eshoo, Anna G., Calif., E285 McInnis, Scott, Colo., E279, E281, E283, E285, E288 Farr, Sam, Calif., E275, E286 Mascara, Frank, Pa., E284 Baca, Joe, Calif., E288 Gillmor, Paul E., Ohio, E279, E281 Ney, Robert W., Ohio, E261 Barr, Bob, Ga., E278, E280 Granger, Kay, Tex., E284 Radanovich, George, Calif., E273, E284 Becerra, Xavier, Calif., E284 Graves, Sam, Mo., E275 Ross, Mike, Ark., E277, E277 Bentsen, Ken, Tex., E289 Hastings, Alcee L., Fla., E289 Schaffer, Bob, Colo., E288 Bonior, David E., Mich., E273 Hayes, Robin, N.C., E278 Skelton, Ike, Mo., E278, E280 Boozman, John, Ark., E279, E280 Hinojosa, Rube´n, Tex., E275 Slaughter, Louise McIntosh, N.Y., E289 Boucher, Rick, Va., E283 Johnson, Nancy L., Conn., E286 Smith, Nick, Mich., E278 Cardin, Benjamin L., Md., E274 Kildee, Dale E., Mich., E290 Solis, Hilda L., Calif., E275 Castle, Michael N., Del., E281 Kucinich, Dennis J., Ohio, E282 Tauscher, Ellen O., Calif., E273 Clyburn, James E., S.C., E279 Lampson, Nick, Tex., E280, E286 Udall, Mark, Colo., E276, E277, E278, E281 Crane, Philip M., Ill., E285 Lantos, Tom, Calif., E274 Wolf, Frank R., Va., E286 Cummings, Elijah E., Md., E282 Lowey, Nita M., N.Y., E276, E277 Deutsch, Peter, Fla., E274, E275 McCarthy, Carolyn, N.Y., E283, E289

E PL UR UM IB N U U S The public proceedings of each House of Congress, as reported by the Official Reporters thereof, are printed pursuant to directions Congressional Record of the Joint Committee on Printing as authorized by appropriate provisions of Title 44, United States Code, and published for each day that one or both Houses are in session, excepting very infrequent instances when two or more unusually small consecutive issues are printed at one time. ¶ Public access to the Congressional Record is available online through GPO Access, a service of the Government Printing Office, free of charge to the user. The online database is updated each day the Congressional Record is published. The database includes both text and graphics from the beginning of the 103d Congress, 2d session (January 1994) forward. It is available through GPO Access at www.gpo.gov/gpoaccess. Customers can also access this information with WAIS client software, via telnet at swais.access.gpo.gov, or dial-in using communications software and a modem at (202) 512–1661. Questions or comments regarding this database or GPO Access can be directed to the GPO Access User Support Team at: E-Mail: [email protected]; Phone 1–888–293–6498 (toll-free), 202–512–1530 (D.C. area); Fax: 202–512–1262. The Team’s hours of availability are Monday through Friday, 7:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, except Federal holidays. ¶ The Congressional Record paper and 24x microfiche will be furnished by mail to subscribers, free of postage, at the following prices: paper edition, $211.00 for six months, $422.00 per year, or purchased for $5.00 per issue, payable in advance; microfiche edition, $141.00 per year, or purchased for $1.50 per issue payable in advance. The semimonthly Congressional Record Index may be purchased for the same per issue prices. To place an order for any of these products, visit the U.S. Government Online Bookstore at: bookstore.gpo.gov. Mail orders to: Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250–7954, or phone orders to (866) 512–1800 (toll free), (202) 512–1800 (D.C. Area), or fax to (202) 512–2250. Remit check or money order, made payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or use VISA, MasterCard, Discover, American Express, or GPO Deposit Account. ¶ Following each session of Congress, the daily Congressional Record is revised, printed, permanently bound and sold by the Superintendent of Documents in individual parts or by sets. ¶ With the exception of copyrighted articles, there are no restrictions on the republication of material from the Congressional Record.

VerDate 11-MAY-2000 04:02 Mar 07, 2002 Jkt 099060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0664 Sfmt 0664 E:\CR\FM\D06MR2.REC pfrm04 PsN: D06MR2