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Tembang Batanghari Sembilan in the Semende Community in South OKU Regency Have Cultural Forms, Namely Cultural Systems, Social Systems, and Physical Culture

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Tembang Batanghari Sembilan in the Semende Community in South OKU Regency Have Cultural Forms, Namely Cultural Systems, Social Systems, and Physical Culture Sys Rev Pharm 2020;11(12):1150-1156 A mTultiEfaceMted reBvieAw joNurnaGl in theBfieAld ofTphaArmaNcy GHARI SEMBILAN IN THE SEMENDE COMMUNITY IN SOUTH OGAN KOMERING ULU (ETNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH) Yanti Sariasih1, Fathiaty Murtadho2, Zainal Rafli3, Sahadi4 1 Ilmu Pendidikan Bahasa, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia 2 Ilmu Pendidikan Bahasa, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia 3 Ilmu Pendidikan Bahasa, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia 4 Manajemen Pendidikan, Universitas PGRI Palembang, Indonesia ABSTRACT Keywords: The limitation of the problem in this study is the cultural values ​ ​ of CorrespondTeenmcbea:ng Batanghari Sembilan, culture value, etnograhic Tembang Batanghari Sembilan in the Semende community of South OKU Yanti Sariasih Regency with subfocus (1) structure, (2) function, (3) type, (4) performance of Tembang Batanghari Sembilan, (5) values culture / contained in Tembang Batanghari Sembilan, and (6) maintenance and Ilmu Pendidikan Bahasa, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia preservation of Tembang Batanghari Sembilan. The method used is [email protected] [email protected] content analysis method and ethnographic method. The data in this study are the recordings and transcriptions of the Batanghari Sembilan Tembang. The results of this study indicate that the Batanghari Sembilan Tembang has a resemblance to the Malay pantun in general which has sampiran and content. The definition of Tembang Batanghari Sembilan is divided into three points of view, namely (1) the listener / audience's point of view that the Batanghari Sembilan Tembang is intended for all groups, applies to all ages, (2) form angles, Batanghari Sembilan Tembang is in the form of linked pantun (seloka) and pantun 6, 8, or 10 lines (talibun) and (3) the corner of the theme, namely the theme of sadness, disappointment, and advice. The functions of the Batanghari Sembilan Song include (1) expressing feelings, (2) conveying intentions, (3) entertaining, (4) teaching and instilling religious values, and (5) introducing customs and culture. The performance aspect is found in four elements, namely (1) the composer / artist, (2) the listener or audience, (3) the context of the performance of the Batanghari Sembilan Song, and (4) the message. The cultural values ​ ​ of Tembang Batanghari Sembilan as a work of art include (1) the value of simplicity, (2) the value of customary norms, (3) aesthetic value, (4) the value of self-actualization, and (5) the value of respecting nature. Cultural themes obtained by conducting ethnographic analysis include (1) Semende's customary inheritance rights system, (2) Semende's traditional marriage system, and (3) the life order of the Semende community. In conclusion, the cultural values ​ ​ contained in Tembang Batanghari Sembilan in the Semende community in South OKU Regency have cultural forms, namely cultural systems, social systems, and physical culture. INTRODUCTION oral. The folklore genres included in this group include: The disclosure of oral literature in Indonesia has the (1) folk speech such as accents, nicknames, traditional advantage that it can show the diversity of cultural ranks, and aristocratic titles; (2) traditional expressions, wealth and lead to mutual understanding between ethnic such as proverbs, proverbs, and pomeo; (3) traditional groups in Indonesia through the values contained in the questions, such as riddles; (4) folk poetry, such as pantun, oral literature. Oral literature in an area serves as a gurindam, and syair; (5) folk prose stories, such as myths, means of expressing the socio-cultural value system and legends, and fairy tales; and (6) folk songs (folksong), and life in that area [1]. Each region has its own literary work, (7) folk music. South Sumatra is no exception. South Sumatra, which has Pudentia defines oral tradition as discourse that is a capital city in Palembang, has 17 districts / cities. Ogan spoken or conveyed from generation to generation Komering Ulu Selatan Regency is one of the city districts including the oral and the literate, all of which are in South Sumatra province. Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan conveyed orally [4]. However, the mode of transmission district (hereinafter abbreviated to South OKU) is of this oral tradition is not only in the form of words, but approximately 320 km from the provincial capital and is also a combination of certain words and actions that dominated by the Semende tribe. The Semende accompany the words. Tradition will also provide a set of community in OKU Selatan has oral literature, one of models for behavior that includes ethics, norms, and which is the Tembang Batanghari Sembilan. customs. According to Finnegan, the view of oral tradition According to the term Francis Lee quoted in Dundes, oral in anthropology developed by Andrew Lang is that the literature is called “Lieterature transmitted orally or forms of oral tradition are like legends, narrative stories unwritten literature” or better known as folklore [2]. that make people want to know what comes next from a According to Jan Harold Brunvand, an expert on US period of the story that seems irrational, if judged based folklore, folklore can be classified into three major groups on its primitiveness [5]. However, because it was based on their types, namely verbal folklore, partly verbal understandable, then the story was passed down from folklore, non-verbal folklore [3]. Oral folklore is purely generation to generation. According to Dick Van Det Meji, 1150 Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy Vol 11, Issue 12, December 2020 Tembang Batanghari Sembilan In The Semende Community In South Ogan Komering Ulu (Etnographic Research) oral tradition includes all cultural activities that are settings. Thus, Bauman's opinion about verbal arts which preserved and passed down from generation to involves performance elements in it all creates a generation in an unwritten manner [6]. communication process. This means that the essence of The type of oral literature adopted in this study is the performing an oral poetry such as pantun is Tembang Batanghari Sembilan. The Tembang Batanghari communication. Based on some of the expert opinions Sembilan originates from the culture of the river (rod) above, the discussion of the concept of the Tembang that flows in the South Sumatra region, namely the Batanghari Sembilan rhyme performance is directed at (1) Kelingi River, Beliti River, Lakit River, Rawas River, Rupit poets, (2) listeners or audiences, (3) the context of River, Batang Leko River, Ogan River, KomerreijnugngRiver and Tembang Batanghari Sembilan's performance, and (4) the Lematang River [7]. The Tembang BatangharreijuSnemg bilan is message of Tembang Batanghari Sembilan. thought to have originated from the art of (speech Literary works that are born will have values ​ ​ in it, literature in the form of a rhyme). At first, did not one of which is cultural values. The word culture comes use traditional musical instruments as a mearnesjunogf from buddhayah (Sanskrit), as the plural form of buddhi accompanying the sound, it was only spoken with a which means reason [13]. So, culture means intellect, distinctive rhythm. Subsequent dgeevteulko,pmgeetnatks-,getung then becomes buddhi (singular) or culture (compound). began to be rheadramponized with simplegpuenrgc,uksesnioungsound Thus, culture is defined as the result of human thought. rinesjutrnugments, made of bamboo ( ), Culture is a set of rules or norms that are shared by animal skin ( ) aenrdedmaamde of irong(enteng ). The members of society, which, if implemented by members, instrument is acdadraekd again with a wind instrument creates behavior that is deemed appropriate and made of bamboo (s ), iron ( ) and some acceptable to all members of the community [14]. even made of leaves ( ). Modern musical instruments: Culture is a comprehensive lifestyle. Culture is complex, guitar, accordion, trumpet, violin, began to be known as a abstract and broad. Many aspects of culture also musical accompaniment in the nine-day stem, it is determine communicative behavior. These cultural estimated that since Westerners entered South Sumatra elements are scattered and include many human (Result of interview Bastari, 15 June 2017). behavioral activities. This was clarified by Kroeber and The Tembang Batanghari Sembilan is part of the speech Kluchohn, “culture embraces all the manifestations of sasra in the form of a rhyme. Fang states that rhymes are social habits of a community, the reactive of the folk songs or poems that are sung, until now they are still individual as affected by the habits of the group in which sung [8]. Wolosky explains that the structure or elements he lives, and the product of human activities as of poetry consist of word choice (diction) and word determined by these habits” [15]. The opinion of arrangement (syntax), sound (sound) and stop (pause), Andersen and Tylor regarding culture is “culture is the image (image), and figurative language (language of complex system of meaning and behavior that defines the figure) [9]. Taylor divides the structure of poetry into way of life for a given group or society [16]. It includes patterns of language, language of speech, rhythm, and knowlege, belief, art, morals, laws, customs, habits, sound patterns. The most striking difference from rhymes language, and dress. Observing culture involves studying in general is the musical accompaniment [10]. In what people think, how they interact, and the object they Tembang Batanghari Sembilan using an acoustic guitar
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