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Caryophyllaceae اﺳﺖ

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Caryophyllaceae اﺳﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ در ﻋﻠﻮم زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺟﻠﺪ 2، ﺷﻤﺎرة Nova Biologica Reperta Vol. 2 (2): 91-102 (2015) 91 -102 :2 91/91 ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ارزش ﮐﺮك در ﺗﺎﮐﺴﻮﻧﻮﻣﯽ ﺟﻨﺲ .Gypsophila L ازﺗﯿﺮة ﻣﯿﺨﮑﯿﺎن 1 2 1 ﻋﻄﯿﻪ ﻧﮋادﻓﻼﻃﻮري ، ﻣﺼﻄﻔﯽ اﺳﺪي و ﻓﺮخ ﻗﻬﺮﻣﺎﻧﯽﻧﮋاد درﯾﺎﻓﺖ: 28/11/1393/ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش: 1394/4/15 1 ﮔﺮوه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، داﻧﺸﮑﺪة ﻋﻠﻮم زﯾﺴﺘﯽ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺧﻮارزﻣﯽ، ﺗﻬﺮان 2 ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺟﻨﮕﻞﻫﺎ و ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﮐﺸﻮر، ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﻣﮑﺎﺗﺒﺎت: [email protected] ﭼﮑﯿﺪه. ﺟﻨﺲ Gypsophila ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﯿﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺰرگ ﺗﯿﺮة Caryophyllaceae اﺳﺖ. وﺟﻮد ﯾﺎ ﻓﻘﺪان ﮐﺮك روي ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮔﯿﺎه ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺼﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﮐﺮﮐﭙﻮش 13 آراﯾﻪ از اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﻪوﺳﯿﻠﮥ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺳﮑﻮپ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯽ ﻧﮕﺎره ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در ﺗﻤﺎم آراﯾﻪﻫﺎ ﮐﺮكﻫﺎ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺮﺷﺤﯽ و ﭼﻨﺪﺳﻠﻮﻟﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻃﻮل ﮐﺮك ﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﯽ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ از ﻧﻈﺮ رﯾﺨﺖﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺻﻔﺖ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﯾﺰﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎرآﯾﺪ. اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت رﯾﺨﺖﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺣﺪود ﺑﺨﺸﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮐﺮﮐﭙﻮش ﻧﯿﺰ آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﮐﺮﮐﭙﻮش در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﯾﮏ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎي دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺪون ﮐﺮك آﻧﻬﺎ در اﯾﻨﺠﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎم وارﯾﺘﻪ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ: G. pilosa var. glabra و .G. polyclada var. leioclada. واژهﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي. Caryophylloideae، اﯾﺮان، زﯾﺮ ﺟﻨﺲ Dichoglottis، زﯾﺮﺟﻨﺲ Pseudosaponaria ، وارﯾﺘﻪ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ، Gypsophila .Gypsophila pilosa var. glabra ،polyclada var. leioclada Taxonomic significance of indumentum in the genus Gypsophila L. (Caryophyllaceae) Atiye Nejad Falatoury1, Mostafa Assadi2 and Farrokh Ghahremaninejad1 Received 17.02.2015 / Accepted 06.07.2015 1Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran 2Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran Correspondent author: [email protected] Abstract. Gypsophila is the fourth biggest genus of Caryophyllaceae. Presence or absence of indumentum on different parts of the plant is one of the most important diagnostic characters between the species of this genus. The indumentum of 13 taxa of this genus were examined using scanning electron microscopy. All taxa had multicellular and glandular trichomes. Size of trichomes can represent as distinguishing trait between morphologically closed species. Although the most important characters in the delimitation of the sections were morphological, trichomes characters were also supportive. The indumentum was constant among different populations of each species except for two species whose glabrous specimens were described here as new varieties: Gypsophila pilosa var. glabra and Gypsophila polyclada var. leioclada. Downloaded from nbr.khu.ac.ir at 20:37 +0330 on Wednesday October 6th 2021 [ DOI: 10.21859/acadpub.nbr.2.2.91 ] Keywords. Caryophylloideae, Iran, subgenus Dichoglottis, subgenus Pseudosaponaria, var. nov., Gypsophila polyclada var. leioclada., Gypsophila pilosa var. glabra ﻋﻄﯿﻪ ﻧﮋادﻓﻼﻃﻮري و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران. ارزش ﮐﺮك در ﺗﺎﮐﺴﻮﻧﻮﻣﯽ A. Nejad Falatoury et al. Taxonomic significance of indumentum 92/92 ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺗﺎزﮔﯽ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﺷﺪهاﺳﺖ ,.Nejad Falatoury et al) 2015) ﺗﯿﺮة ﻣﯿﺨﮑﯿﺎن (.Caryophyllaceae Juss) از راﺳﺘﮥ . ﻣﯿﺨﮏﺳﺎﻧﺎن (Caryophyllales) داراي ﺣﺪود 85 ﺟﻨﺲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ازﻟﺤﺎظ ﺻﻔﺎت رﯾﺨﺖﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر Saponaria L. (ﺳﺮده) و 2630 ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺪه در ﮐﺮة زﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﻪﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﺘﻨﻮع ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺟﻨﺲﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﭼﻮن و Allochrusa Bunge ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ ﺣﺎرهاي و ﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﻤﮑﺮة ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ,Mabberley) از ﺧﻮﯾﺸﺎوﻧﺪان ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ اﯾﻦ Fior et al., 2006 (2008. ﺟﻨﺲ Gypsophila ﺑﺎ داﺷﺘﻦ ﺣﺪود 150 ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ( ). در ﺳﺎل 2010 Harbaugh ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺪه در دﻧﯿﺎ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺑﺰرگﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲﻫﺎي ﺗﯿﺮة ﻣﯿﺨﮑﯿﺎن و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم Gypsophila ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽرود اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻟﯿﻨﻪ در ﺳﺎل 1753 ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ دادﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ رﺳﯿﺪﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮔﺮوه Saponaria ﺷﺪ (Mabberley, 2008). ﻧﺨﺴﺘﯿﻦﺑﺎر در ﺳﺎل 1867 ﺧﻮاﻫﺮي اﺳﺖ. ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﻔﺎت در اﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﺮه ﻧﯿﺰ (Greenberg & ﻣﯿﻼدي Boissier 56 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ را در 8 ﺑﺨﺸﻪ اﺧﯿﺮاً ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ - Amini Donoghue, 2011) ﺟﺎي داد (Barkodah .(Boissier, 1867 126 ﮔﻮﻧﮥ اﯾﻦ . و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران رﯾﺰرﯾﺨﺖ ﺟﻨﺲ را ﺑﻪ 8 ﺑﺨﺸﻪ و 3 زﯾﺮﺟﻨﺲ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﮐﺮد ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺳﻄﺢ داﻧﮥ ﮔﺮده را ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺑﯿﺎن ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت Gypsophila Saponaria (Barkodah, 1962). ﭘﺲ از آن در ﻓﻠﻮر ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ 46 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺟﺪاﯾﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺑﻪ 9 ﺑﺨﺸﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ ,Huber-Morath) را ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و دﻻﻟﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺟﺪا ﻧﺒﻮدن (Amini et Gypsophila Ankyropetalum 1967) ، وﻟﯽ در ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺟﺪﯾﺪﺗﺮ 59 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از 10 ﺑﺨﺸﻪ ﺑﺮاي از دارد al., 2011) ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ ﮔﺰارشﺷﺪهاﺳﺖ & Ataslar, 2000; Ataslar) . ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﭼﻬﺎرﮔﻮﻧﻪ از اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻣﺮوز ازﻧﻈﺮ ;Ocak, 2005; Özçelik, 2011; Budak, 2012 ﺳﯿﺘﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و اﻋﺪاد ﮐﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﯽ [G. caricifolia Boiss., n = Hamzaoğlu, 2012; Korkmaz & Yıldırımlı, (Gypsophila 2012; Koç, 2013 آنﻫﺎ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪهاﺳﺖ . ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﻨﻮع اﺻﻠﯽ ﮐﻪ G. lurorum Rech.f., n=17; G. pallida ;17 ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ در آن ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺪهاﻧﺪ، ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ، ﻗﻔﻘﺎز، ,.Stapf, n=17 and G. polyclada Fenzl ex Boiss n=34] (Aryavand & Favarger, 1980; Ghaffari ﺷﻤﺎل ﻋﺮاق و اﯾﺮان اﺳﺖ. ﭘﯿﺶ از اﯾﻦ ذﮐﺮ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ از (et al., 2005; Ghahremaninejad et al., 2013. 126 ﮔﻮﻧﮥ اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ 75 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ 49 ﺗﺎي آﻧﻬﺎ اﻧﺤﺼﺎري از ﺻﻔﺎت رﯾﺰرﯾﺨﺖﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ وﺗﺸﺮﯾﺤﯽ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ در اﯾﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ وﺟﻮد دارﻧﺪ. ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ زﯾﺮﺟﻨﺲ و ﻫﺮ 8 ردهﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ و ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ردهﺑﻨﺪيﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻨﺘﯿﮏ (Barkoudah, ﺑﺨﺸﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﻨﻮع ﺣﻀﻮر دارﻧﺪ و ﺣﺘﯽ در ﭘﺎرهاي ﻣﻮارد ﻓﯿﻠﻮژﻧﺘﯿﮏ ﺑﻪ دﻓﻌﺎت اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه- 1962) . ﻃﺒﻖ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه در ﻓﻠﻮر اﯾﺮاﻧﯿﮑﺎ ﺟﻨﺲ اﺳﺖ Olsen et al., 2003; Ghahremaninejad et) Gypsophila ، 47 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، 10 ﺑﺨﺸﻪ و 4 زﯾﺮ ﺟﻨﺲ در اﯾﻦ (al., 2012. ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ دارد. اﻟﺒﺘﻪ 37 ﮔﻮﻧﮥ آن در ﻣﺤﺪودة ﮐﺸﻮر اﯾﺮان وﺟﻮد ﮐﺮﮐﭙﻮش ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻬﻢ رﯾﺰرﯾﺨﺖﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ (Rechinger, دارد و دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺸﮑﻮك ذﮐﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ وﺳﯿﻠﮥ ﮔﯿﺎهﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ و ﺣﺘﯽ ﮔﺎﻫﯽ اوﻗﺎت 1988) . ﻣﻈﻔﺮﯾﺎن ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 1991 ﺗﺎ 2008 دو ﮔﻮﻧﮥ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦﮐﻨﻨﺪهاي در ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽرود. [ Downloaded from nbr.khu.ac.ir at 20:37 +0330 on Wednesday October 6th 2021 [ DOI: 10.21859/acadpub.nbr.2.2.91 G. rupestris Mozaff. ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎمﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺻﻔﺖ ﮐﺮك در ردهﺑﻨﺪي از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ G. elymaitica Mozaff. Mozaffarian 1991 ( ) و ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺗﯿﺮهﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﻪﺳﺎدﮔﯽ از G. Mozaffarian 2008 ( ) را ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﮐﺮدهاﺳﺖ. ﮔﻮﻧﮥ روي اﻧﻮاع ﮐﺮكﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدﻧﺪ. در ﻣﻮارد دﯾﮕﺮ از - alvandica Falat., F. Ghahrem. & Assadi ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺮكﻫﺎ در ردهﺑﻨﺪي ﺟﻨﺲﻫﺎ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ و ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎي درون ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ,Metcalfe & Chalk) ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﯾﻦ در ﻋﻠﻮم زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺟﻠﺪ 2، ﺷﻤﺎرة Nova Biologica Reperta Vol. 2 (2): 91-102 (2015) 91 -102 :2 93/93 (1950. ﮐﺮك ﻫﺎ ﻋﻼوهﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ در ﺷﺮحﻫﺎ، ﺑﺮاي G. heteropoda از اﯾﻦ زﯾﺮﺑﺨﺸﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ روﻧﺪ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن، ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت آﻧﻬﺎ و ﭘﯽﺑﺮدن ﺑﻪ اﻋﻀﺎي اﯾﻦ زﯾﺮﺑﺨﺸﻪ در اﯾﺮان ﺷﺎﻣﻞ G. linearifolia ﻧﻘﺶ ﮐﺮكﻫﺎ در ﺳﺎزشﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ و اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ .Fisch. & C.A.Mey) Boiss) (ﺷﮑﻞ -2 19، 20، ﻣﻬﻢ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ارزش ﺗﺎﮐﺴﻮﻧﻮﻣﯿﮑﯽ ﮐﺮﮐﭙﻮش و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد G. melampoda Bien. ex Boiss.،(21 (ﺷﮑﻞ -2 22، ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ آن در ﺗﺎﮐﺴﻮﻧﻮﻣﯽ و ﻓﯿﻠﻮژﻧﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن در ﺗﯿﺮهﻫﺎي G. pseudomelampoda Rech.f.،(23 (ﺷﮑﻞ -2 24، ﻣﻬﻤﯽ ﭼﻮن ﺑﺎﻗﻼﺋﯿﺎن .G. mucronifolia Rech.f. ،(27 (Zarre, 2003; Fabaceae Lindl (ﺷﮑﻞ -2 25، 26)، (Ghahremaninejad, 2004، راﺷﯿﺎن G. diffusa Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Rupr. Fagaceae و .G adenophora Boiss. & Buhse Panahi et al., 2003 Dumort. ( )، ﻧﻌﻨﺎﻋﯿﺎن ﻫﻤﮕﯽ ﺑﺮگﻫﺎي (Salmaki et al., 2009; Lamiaceae Martinov ﮐﺮﮐﺪار دارﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪﻋﻼوه ﺟﺪاﯾﯽ دو ﮔﻮﻧﮥ G. melampoda (Seyedi & Salmaki, 2015، ﮔﻞ ﻣﯿﻤﻮﻧﯿﺎن .Bien. ex Boiss و .G. pseudomelampoda Rech.f .Attar et al., 2007) Scrophulariaceae Juss) و ﮐﻪ ازﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت رﯾﺨﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺰدﯾﮏاﻧﺪ، ﺑﺎ - ﺷﺎهﭘﺴﻨﺪﯾﺎن .Cantino, Verbenaceae J.St.-Hil) ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت زﯾﺎد ﻃﻮل ﮐﺮك و ﺷﮑﻞ ﺧﺎص ﮐﺮك ﺑﺎ (1990 ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺻﻮرتﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺛﺒﺎت رﺳﯿﺪه ﻗﺎﻋﺪة ﮔﺴﺘﺮده در ﮔﻮﻧﮥ G. pseudomelampoda ﺑﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد (ﺟﺪول 1). در ﺑﻘﯿﮥ ﺑﺨﺸﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ .G. perfoliata L (ﺷﮑﻞ -2 34، 35، ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ 36) و .G. lurorum Rech.f (ﺷﮑﻞ 1- 12، 15) ﺑﺮگ- ﻋﻼوهﺑﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه،ﮐﻠﯿﮥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﺎي ﮐﺮﮐﺪار دارﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ و ﻃﻮل ﮐﺮك در آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت FAR T LE TARI اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ در ﻫﺮﺑﺎرﯾﻮمﻫﺎي ، ، ، ، اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮگﻫﺎي G. lurorum (ﺷﮑﻞ 1- 12، 15) داراي FUMH TUH IRAN ، و ﺑﻪﻋﻼة ﮐﻠﯿﮥ ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﮐﺮكﻫﺎي ﺗﺮﺷﺤﯽ ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﮐﺮكﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﻗﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺮﺑﺎرﯾﻮمﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﺎزي W ،P ،KEW ،G ،E ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﺮﮐﭙﻮش ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ (ﻣﺨﻔﻒ اﺳﺎﻣﯽ ﻫﺮﺑﺎرﯾﻮمﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس وﺟﻮد و ﻣﺤﻞ ﮐﺮك روي ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﺻﻔﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺼﯽ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ Thiers, 2015). ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﮐﺮك ﺑﻪوﺳﯿﻠﮥ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺳﮑﻮپ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﺑﻪﺧﺼﻮص ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ در اﯾﻦ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯽ ﻧﮕﺎره KYKY ﻣﺪل EM3200 ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﻨﺲ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺜﺎل G. transcaucasica Barkoudah ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ و ﺑﺤﺚ (ﺷﮑﻞ 2- 31، 32، 33) ﺑﻪراﺣﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ داﺷﺘﻦ ﮐﺮك در ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ از .G. virgata Boiss ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﮐﺮﮐﭙﻮش ﺑﺮگ ﺑﺪون ﮐﺮك اﺳﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ داده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺗﻨﻮع ﮐﺮك ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﺑﺮگ ﮐﺮﮐﺪار وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﺗﻤﺎم اﻋﻀﺎي زﯾﺮﺑﺨﺸﮥ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﺤﺪود اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻪﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ Williams, 1889 Drypidipetala Williams G. perfoliata ( ) از ﺟﺰ درﮔﻮﻧﮥ و اﻋﻀﺎي زﯾﺮﺟﻨﺲ [ Downloaded from nbr.khu.ac.ir at 20:37 +0330 on Wednesday October 6th 2021 [ DOI: 10.21859/acadpub.nbr.2.2.91 G. pilosa Huds. Pseudosaponaria Williams Boissier, 1867 Dichoglottis Boiss. ﺑﺨﺸﮥ ( ) اﺳﺖ. G. platyphylla ﺑﻪﺟﺰ Freyn, 1903) G. heteropoda Freyn) ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ- (ﺷﮑﻞ 1- 1، 2، 3: ﺷﮑﻞ -3 5، 6)، G. boissieriana Boiss. ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﮥ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت رﯾﺨﺖﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ (ﺷﮑﻞ 1- 4، 5، 6) و ﮐﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻧﺪازة ﻋﺮض ﺑﺮگ، ﻃﻮل ﮐﺎﺳﻪ و ﮔﻠﺒﺮگ و ﻏﺸﺎﯾﯽﺑﻮدن داراي ﮐﺮكﻫﺎي ﺗﺮﺷﺤﯽ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮل 200 ﺗﺎ 1500 ﺑﺮاﮐﺘﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ زﯾﺮﺑﺨﺸﻪ ﺟﺪاﯾﯽ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﺘﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﮐﺮكﻫﺎي ﺗﺮﺷﺤﯽ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ در ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ A. Nejad Falatoury et al. Taxonomic significance of indumentum ﻋﻄﯿﻪ ﻧﮋادﻓﻼﻃﻮري و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران. ارزش ﮐﺮك در ﺗﺎﮐﺴﻮﻧﻮﻣﯽ 94/94 ﻃﻮﻟﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از 170 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﺘﺮ دارﻧﺪ و در اﻏﻠﺐ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺮكﻫﺎ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺮﺷﺤﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮل ﺑﯿﺶ از 150 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﺘﺮ ﮐﺮكﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه دارﻧﺪ (ﺟﺪول 1). ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎ در اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﺤﺪودي در ﺑﻌﻀﯽ G. nabelekii Schischk. ﮐﺮﮐﭙﻮش ﮐﺎﺳﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎي (ﺷﮑﻞ -1 16، 17، 18) ﮐﺮك ﺗﺮﺷﺤﯽ روي ﮐﺎﺳﻪ و دﻣﮕﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮل ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از ﺑﻪﺟﺰ اﻋﻀﺎي زﯾﺮﺑﺨﺸﮥ Drypidipetala و زﯾﺮﺟﻨﺲ G.
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