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The Impacts of the Use of the Bagan Apung on the Socio-Economic Life

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The Impacts of the Use of the Bagan Apung on the Socio-Economic Life IndonesianINDONESIAN Journal of SocialJOURNAL and Environmental OF SOCIAL AND Issues, E NVIRONMENTALVolume 1, Issue 1 (April ISSUES 2020): (IJSEI) 22-27 ISSN: 2722-1369 (Online), Volume 1, Issue 1 (April 2020): 22-27 https://ojs.literacyinstitute.org/index.php/ijsei Research Article The Impacts of the Use of the Bagan Apung on the Socio-Economic Life of Fishermen Communities Mirdan Sabdillah Sahar1, Suharty Roslan2, Sarpin3 Department of Sociology Halu Oleo University, Indonesia 1Email: [email protected] 2Email: [email protected] 3Email: [email protected] Received 25 January 2020, Accepted 11 March 2020, Published 17 April Abstract: This study aims to determine the considerations or reasons why fishing communities use of the Bagan Apung and their impact on the socio-economic life of the fishing communities of Pasir Putih Village, Lembo District, North Konawe Regency. This type of research is using qualitative descriptive. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results in this study indicate that using the Bagan Apung by fishermen is due to the consideration that it is simple to make, simple to use, and quickly gets the catch. The impact of the use of the Bangan Apung on the socio-economic life of the fisherman community, namely social impacts includes education, social interaction, and health. While the economic impact includes income, expenditure, and investment. Keyword: Bagan Apung; Fishermen Community; Socio-Economic. Introduction According to Ridwan (2017), Indonesia is Indonesia is one of the largest archipelago also referred to as a maritime country. countries in the world which consists of Besides, Indonesia has an estimated number thousands of islands, where two-thirds of its of 17,508 islands with a beach length of territory consists of oceans. This condition 90,000 km. Small islands spread throughout provides a huge potential for fishery the archipelago are 13,607 islands. Seen in resources. Since the first coastal communities terms of its geography, Indonesia is located or fishermen have known the benefits of the between two oceans and two continents, the sea, both as a medium of transportation, Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, the defense, education, and as a source of natural Australian continent and the Asian continent food. With the diversity of potential marine which is the strategic location of a country. resources, Indonesia can build a society for the Meanwhile, in terms of oceanography, sake of present and future prosperity. Indonesia has a variety of depths. The The area of waters reaching 5.8 million Indonesian Ocean which lies on the equator is Km² which is divided into territorial waters also an advantage because many types of 0.3 million Km², the archipelago waters are 2.8 marine resources inhabit the vicinity. And is million Km² and the Exclusive Economic Zone encouraged by having a tropical climate. (ZEE) is 2.7 million Km². From the data Potential marine resources encourage to carry obtained, the utilization of the potential of out effective utilization and processing. The fisheries resources in the territory of emergence of fishing gear is a form of Indonesia has only reached half of the utilization of marine resources used. Fishing sustainable potential possessed. Based on the gear many kinds and types, such as nets, traps, evaluation results, the sustainable potential of gillnet, sero, fishing rod, payang, and so on. fishery resources reaches approximately 4.5 Fishing gear has its respective uses tailored to million tons/year, and the potential of ZEE is the behavior and characteristics of the fish. 2.1 million tons/year (Dahuri, 2000). Where fish are attracted to light (photo taxis) this is used by fishermen to catch fish. There 22 Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues, Volume 1, Issue 1 (April 2020): 22-27 are various characteristics of fish life. As usual, fishing gear has been used for a long time by living on the surface of the water (pelagic), the fishing community of Pasir Putih Village. ponds, and at the bottom of the waters The business of catching fish using (domersal). Bagan Apung fishing tools has considerable In its development, the type of fishing advantages and opportunities to be developed equipment increased and more advanced with in the area because 13.38% of the area of the emergence of a variety of new North Konawe Regency is a waters/coastal technologies. Fishing gear is also a major area. factor in utilizing available fish resources. One With the use of the Bagan Apung fishing type of fishing gear in Indonesia is a chart. A gear, it greatly affects the socio-economic chart is a fishing gear classified into a group of living conditions of the Pasir Putih Village lift nets. There are several types of Bagan in community, where this tool greatly facilitates Indonesia, including Bagan Tancap, Bagan and benefits the fishing community in terms of Rakit, Bagan Perahu, and Bagan Apung, as fishing that has the potential to increase the technology develops, fishermen prefer Bagan income of the Pasir Putih Village fishing Apung. The purpose of capture in the form of community so that they can meet their daily small pelagic fish species. needs. The waters of Southeast Sulawesi are The floating chart is very easy for the potential fishing areas in the capture fisheries fishing community to catch fish in the sea business. Efforts to utilize fisheries resources without having to use tools such as fish bombs in these waters are mostly carried out by and others that can damage the marine floating fishing and trawl ring capture units ecosystem and the results of the use of this that operate at night. Fishing activities carried floating bag are very beneficial and out by utilizing the nature of the attraction of environmentally friendly. Based on the fish to light. Fish that are attracted to light will background of the above problems, the gather and interact with each other around purpose of this study is to determine the waters that can be reached by light. The factors that cause fishing communities to use positive phototaxic nature of fish and potential floating fishing gear and to determine the fishing grounds is utilized by floating bag impact of the use of floating fishing gear on the fishermen and trawlers to get the maximum socio-economic life of the fishing communities catch of fish, using mercury lamps as lighting. of Pasir Putih Village, Lembo District North Fishing activities with lighting can form Konawe optimal fishing grounds at night and increase the production of fishing results in each Materials and Methods fishing unit. This research has been carried out in North Konawe is one of the regencies in Pasir Putih Village, Lembo District, North Southeast Sulawesi. North Konawe Regency Konawe Regency. The choice of location is was definitively formed on January 2, 2007. At based on the consideration that at that present North Konawe has 11 districts, location many fishermen use floating fishing namely Motui, Sawa, Lembo, Wawolesea, gear with a variety of factors that influence the Lasolo, Molawe, Andowia, Wanggudu, Oheo, use of floating fishing gear and their impact on Wiwirano, and Langgikima. (BPS Konawe the socio-economic conditions of community Utara, 2016). The area of North Konawe life. Regency is 500,339 Ha or 13.38% of the area This research is using qualitative research of Southeast Sulawesi Province. The area of methods that aim to understand individuals sea waters (referred to as the waters of South in-depth and in detail because qualitative Konawe Regency and Konawe District) ± methods directly meet and conduct deeper 11,960 Km² or 10.87% of the waters area of interviews. The informants of this research are Southeast Sulawesi (BPS Southeast Sulawesi, people who are sources of information that 2016). can provide data following the problem under Pasir Putih Village is one of the villages in study. This research technique is a purposive the Lembo District. The people of Pasir Putih sampling technique where the researcher uses Village mostly earn a living as fishermen, they the consideration of the informant to be taken use a fishing gear called a Bagan Apung. This based on the research that the selected 23 Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues, Volume 1, Issue 1 (April 2020): 22-27 informant is the informant who best meets the Fishermen community in Pasir Putih Village, requirements and is considered capable of Lembo District, North Konawe Regency. providing information following the needs of research data. In this study, the informants Results and Discussion were 1 person from the Pasir Putih Village 1. Considerations for the Using of the government and 17 people from the Pasir Bagan Apung Putih Village community as Bagan Apung a. Easy to Make fishing gear users, so the total number of In the process of making the Bagan Apung informants was 18 people. fishing gear, it is quite easy because it is done While the data sources in this study in a group, that is, assisted by other fishing include primary data that is data sourced from communities or by cooperation and the the results of direct interviews from materials used are easily obtained so that the informants and observations of researchers in manufacturing process does not take a long the field of informants and secondary data that time, the material is also easy is obtained. is data sourced from libraries, previous b. Easy to Operate research reports (scientific research reports/ As
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